4.

18 Theory and Exercise Book

Exercise - 1 Objective Problems | JEE Main

SECTION-A 9. For what values of a does the curve

FINDING INTERVALS OF MONOTONOCITY f(x) = x(a 2 – 2a – 2) + cos x is always strictly
3
1. The interval in which the function x increases less monotonic  x  R.
2
rapidly than 6x + 15x + 5 is (A) a  R (B) |a| < 2
(A) (– ,– 1) (B) (–5, 1) (C) 1– 2  a  1+ 2 (D) |a| < 2 –1
(C) (–1, 5) (D) (5, )
SECTION-C
CHECKING MONOTONOCITY AT POINT
| x  1|
2. The function is monotonically decreasing in OR IN AN INTERVAL
x2 10. In the interval (0, 1), f(x) = x2 – x + 1 is -
(A) (2, ) (B) (0, 1) (A) monotonic (B) not monotonic
(C) (0, 1) and (2, ) (D) (–) (C) decreasing (D) increasing
11. Function f(x) = sin x – cos x is monotonic
3. The true set of real values of x for which the
increasing when -
function, f(x) = x ln x – x + 1 is positive is (A) x  (0, /2) (B) x  ( –/4, /4)
(A) (1, ) (B) (1/e, ) (C) x  (/4, 3/4) (D) x  ( –/4,)
(C) [e, ) (D) (0, 1) and (1, )
12. Function f(x)=(x – 1)2 (x – 2) is monotonically de-
creasing when -
4. The set of all x for which ln (1 + x)  x is equal to
(A) x  (1, 2) (B) x  (1, 5/3)
(A) x > 0 (B) x > – 1 (C) x  R – (1, 5/3) (D) x  (0, 2)
(C) –1 < x < 0 (D) null set
13. For 0  x  1, the function
f(x) = |x| + |x – 1| is
x2 x2 (A) monotonically increasing
5. If f(x) = ; g(x) =
2  2 cos x 6 x  6sin x (B) monotonically decreasing
where 0 < x < 1, then (C) constant function
(A) both ‘f’ and ‘g’ are increasing function (D) identity function
(B) ‘f’ is decreasing & ‘g’ is increasing function SECTION-D
(C) ’f’ is increasing & ‘g’ is decreasing function MAXIMUM & MINIMUM VALUE IN CLOSED
(D) both ‘f’ & ‘g’ are decreasing function INTERVAL BY MONOTONOCITY
14. If f(x) = x2 + kx + 1 is increasing function in the
6. f(x) = x2 – x sin x is interval [ 1, 2], then least value of k is –
(A) 2 (B) 4 (C) –2 (D) –4
(A) increasing for 0  x /2
(B) decreasing for 0  x /2 SECTION-E
(C) decreasing for [/4,/2] PROVING INEQUATION BY
(D) non-increasing for 0 < x </2 MONOTONOCITY
x
3 2 15. If < log(1 + x) < x then
7. x – 3x – 9x + 20 is (1  x )
(A) –ve for x < 4 (B) +ve for x > 4 (A) x > 0 (B) x < 0 (C) x = 0 (D) x < 1
(C) –ve for x  (0, 1) (D) –ve for x  (–1, 0)
16. If f(x) = 2x secx + x and g(x) = 3 tanx then in
SECTION -B interval x  (0, /2) is
FINDING VALUE OF VARIABLE GIVEN (A) f(x) > g(x) (B) f(x) < g(x)
MONOTONIC BEHAVIOUR
(C) f(x) = g(x) (D) f(x) + g(x) = 0
3 2
8. If y = (a + 2) x – 3ax + 9ax – 1 decreases 17. If f(x) = sin x tan x and g(x) = x2 then in interval
monotonically  x  R then ‘a’ lies in the interval x  (0, /2) is
(A) (– , – 3] (B) (– , – 2)  (–2, 3) (A) f(x) > g(x) (B) f(x) < g(x)
(C) (–3, ) (D) (0, ) (C) f(x) = g(x) (D) f(x) + g(x) = 0

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 Monotonocity 4.19

SECTION-F 26. LMVT is not applicable for which of the following ?

BASED ON ROLLE’S THEOREM (A) f(x) = x2, x  [3, 4]
18. The function f(x) = x3 – 6x2 + ax + b satisfy the (B) f(x) = ln x, x  [1, 3]
conditions of Rolle’s theorem in [1, 3]. The value (C) f(x) = 4x3 – 5x2 + x – 2, x  [0, 1]
of a and b are 4 1/ 5  1 1
(A) 11, –6 (B) –6, 11 (D) f(x) = {x ( x  1)} , x    2 , 2 
 
(C) –11, 6 (D) 6, –11 27. Equation 3x2 + 4ax + b = 0 has at least one root in
(0, 1) if
19. If f(x) and g(x) are differentiable in [0, 1] such that (A) 4a + b + 3 = 0 (B) 2a + b + 1 = 0
f(0) = 2, g(0) = 0, f(1) = 6, g(1) = 2, then Rolle’s 4
theorem is applicable for which of the following (C) b = 0, a = – (D) 2a + b + 2 = 0
3
(A) f(x) – g(x) (B) f(x) – 2g(x)
28. Let f(x) = (x – 4) (x – 5) (x – 6) (x – 7) then,
(C) f(x) + 3g(x) (D) f(x) + g(x)
(A) f (x) = 0 has four roots
(B) Three roots of f(x) = 0 lie in (4, 5) (5, 6)  (6, 7)
20. A function  is defined by  (x) = 2 + (x – 1)2/3 in [0, 2], (C) The equation f (x) = 0 has only one real root
Which of the following is not correct? (D) Three roots of f(x) = 0 lie in (3, 4) (4, 5)  (5, 6)
(A)  is not derivable in (0, 2)
(B)  is continuous in [0, 2] SECTION-H & I : CURVE SKETCHING,
(C)  (0) = (2) QUESTION ON FINDING NUMBER OF SOLUTION
(D) Rolle's theorem is true in [0, 2] 29. The curve y = f(x) which satisfies the condition
f(x) > 0 and f(x) < 0 for all real x, is
21. If a + b + c = 0, then the equation 3ax2 + 2bx + c = 0 y y

has, in the interval (0, 1)

(A) atleast one root (B) atmost one root
(A) (B)
(C) no root (D) Both roots x
0 x
0
22. If 27a + 9b + 3c + d = 0, then the equation y y
4ax3 + 3bx2 + 2cx + d = 0, has atleast one real root
lying between –
(A) 0 and 1 (B) 1 and 3 (C) (D)
(C) 0 and 3 (D) 0 and 2 x x
0 0

SECTION-G : BASED ON LMVT

30. f : R  R be a differentiable function  x  R. If
23. Function for which LMVT is applicable but Rolle’s
tangent drawn to the curve at any point x  (a, b)
theorem is not
always lie below the curve, then
(A) f(x) = x3 – x, x  [0, 1]
(A) f(x) > 0 f(x) < 0  x  (a, b)
 x 2 , 0  x 1 (B) f(x) < 0 f(x) < 0  x  (a, b)
(B) f(x) =  (C) f(x) > 0 f(x) > 0  x  (a, b)
 x , 1 x  2
x (D) f(x) = 0 and f(x) = 0
(C) f(x) = e , x  [–3, 3]
(D) f(x) = 1 – 3 2 31. If f(x) = a{a| x| sgn x} ; g(x) = a[ a| x| sgn x ] for a > 1, a  1
x , x  [–1, 1]
and x  R, where {*} & [*] denote the fractional
24. A value of C for which the conclusion of Mean Value part and integral part functions respectively, then
Theorem holds for the function f(x) = loge x on the which of the following statements holds good for the
interval [1, 3] is function h(x), where (ln a) h(x) = (ln f(x) + ln g(x)).
(A) ‘h’ is even and increasing
1
(A) 2 log3 e (B) loge (B) ‘h’ is odd and decreasing
2 (C) ‘h’ is even and decreasing
(C) log3 e (D) loge 3 (D) ‘h’ is odd and increasing
25. The number of values of ‘c’ of Lagrange’s mean 32. Given that f is a real valued differentiable function
value theorem for the function, such that f(x) f(x) < 0 for all real x, it follows that
f(x) = (x – 1) (x – 2) (x – 3), x  (0, 4) is (A) f(x) is an increasing function
(A) 1 (B) 2 (B) f(x) is a decreasing function
(C) 3 (D) 4 (C) |f(x)| is an increasing function
(D) |f(x)| is a decreasing function
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4.20 Theory and Exercise Book

Mixted Problems ln x
34. Sketch graph of y 
3 2 x
x 3x
33. Sketch the graph of y    2x  6
3 2 y
y

6
A B 1 e
x
(A)
(A)
x
–1 O 1 2
y
y

6 x
(B) 1 e

(B)
x
–1 O

y y

x
(C) 1 e
(C)
x
–1 O 1 2

(D) None of these y

x
(D) 1

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 Monotonocity 4.21

Exercise - 2 (Level-I) Objective Problems | JEE Main

FINDING INTERVALS OF MONOTONOCITY MAXIMUM & MINIMUM VALUE IN CLOSED
1. The function f(x) = tan–1 (sin x + cos x) is an INTERVAL BY MONOTONOCITY
increasing function in
7. The function f ( x )  | px  q |  r | x | , x(, ),
    
(A)  4 , 2  (B)   ,  where p > 0, q > 0, r > 0 assumes its
 2 4
minimum value only at one point if
     (A) p  q (B) r  q
(C)  0,  (D)   , 
 2  2 2
 (C) r  p (D) p = q = r

2. Function f(x) = log sin x is monotonic

BASED ON ROLLE’S THEOREM
increasing when –x/2
8. The function f(x) = x(x + 3) e satisfies all the
(A) x (/2, ) (B) x (–/2, 0)
(C) x (0, ) (D) x (0, /2) conditions of Rolle’s theorem in [–3, 0]. The value
of c which verifies Rolle’s theorem, is
FINDING VALUE OF VARIABLE GIVEN (A) 0 (B) –1
MONOTONIC BEHAVIOUR (C) –2 (D) 3
3. The values of p for which the function
 p+4  C 0 C1 C 2
5
f(x)=  1 - p -1 x – 3x + ln 5 decreases for all real x is 9. If + + = 0, where C0C1C2 are all real, then
  1 2 3
(A) (– ) the quadratic equation C2x2 + C1x + C0 = 0 has
 3  21 
(A) at least one root in (0, 1)
(B)  4, 2 
 (1, ) (B) one root in (1, 2) and the other in (3, 4)

(C) one root in (–1, 1)and the other in (–5, –2)
 5  27  (D) both roots imaginary
(C)  3, 2 
 (2, ) (D) (1, )

a0 a a a
10. If + 1 + 2 +...+ n1 + an = 0, then the
4. The set of values of the parameter ‘a’ for which n 1 n n 1 2
the function; f(x) = 8ax – a sin 6x – 7x – sin 5x equation a0xn + a1xn–1 + ...+ an–1x + an = 0 has, in
increases & has no critical points for all x  R, is the interval (0, 1),
(A) [–1, 1] (B) (–, –6) (A) exactly one root (B) atleast one root
(C) (6, +) (D) [6, +) (C) atmost one root (D) No root.

5. For what values of x, the function 11. If the polynomial equation

4 anxn + an–1xn–1 + ... + a2x2 + a1x + a0 = 0; n positive
f(x) = x + is monotonically decreasing
x2 integer, has two different real roots  and , then
(A) x < 0 (B) x > 2 between  and , the equation nanxn–1 + (n – 1) an–
(C) x < 2 (D) 0 < x < 2 1
xn–2 + .... + a1 = 0 has
CHECKING MONOTONOCITY AT POINT OR (A) exactly one root (B) atmost one root
IN AN INTERVAL (C) atleast one root (D) No root
6. f(x) = 2x2 – log | x | (x  0) is monotonic increasing
in the interval - 12. The value of c for the function f(x) = log sin x in the
(A) (1/2, )   5 
interval  6 , 6  satisfy Rolle’s condition is-
(B) (– , –1/2) (1/2, )  
  2 π
(C) (– , –1/2)  (0, 1/2) (A) (B) (C) (D)
4 2 3 3
(D) (–1/2, 0)  (1/2, )

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4.22 Theory and Exercise Book

18. If f(x) = 1 + xm (x – 1)n, m, n  N, then f(x) = 0 has

3 2
13. If the function f(x) = x – 6x + ax + b defined on atleast one root in the interval
[1, 3], satisfies the Rolle’s theorem for (A) (0, 1) (B) (2, 3)
2 3 1 (C) (–1, 0) (D) (4, 5)
c= , then-
3
(A) a = 11, b = 6 (B) a = –11, b = 6 19. Let f(x) = ax4 + bx3 + x2 + x – 1. If 9b2 < 24a, then
(C) a = 11, b  R (D) a = 10, b  R number of real roots of f(x) = 0 are
(A) 4 (B) > 2
sin x sin a sin b (C) 0 (D) can’t say

14. If f(x) = cos x cos a cos b , where 0 < a < b < ,
2
tan x tan a tan b 20. The equation xex = 2 has
then the equation f ‘(x) = 0 has, in the interval
(A) one root of x < 0 (B) two roots for x > 1
(a, b)-
(C) no root in (0, 1) (D) one root in (0, 1)
(A) atleast one root (B) atmost one root
(C) no root (D) exactly one root
MIXED PROBLEMS
21. A function y = f(x) has a second order derivative
BASED ON LMVT
f = 6(x – 1). If its graph passes through the point (2, 1)
15. If the function f(x) = x3 – 6ax2 + 5x satisfies the and at that point the tangent of the graph is y = 3x – 5,
conditions of Lagrange’s mean theorem for the then the function is
interval [1, 2] and the tangent to the curve y = f(x) at (A) (x–1)2 (B) (x–1)3
3
x = 7/4 is parallel to the chord joining the points of (C) (x+1) (D) (x+1)2
intersection of the curve with the ordinates x = 1
and x = 2. Then the value of a is  tan b  tan a
22. If 0 < a < b < and f(a, b) = , then
(A) 35/16 (B) 35/48 2 ba
(C) 7/16 (D) 5/16 (A) f(a, b)  2 (B) f(a, b)  1
(C) f(a, b)  1 (D) f(a, b)  1
16. f : [0, 4]  R is a differentiable function then for
some a, b  (0, 4), f2(4) – f2(0) equals
(A) 8f(a) . f(b) (B) 4f(a) f(b)
(C) 2f(a) f(b) (D) f(a) f(b)

CURVE SKETCHING, QUESTION ON FINDING

NUMBER OF SOLUTIONS
17. For which values of ‘a’ will the function

4 3 3x2
f(x) = x + ax + + 1 will be concave upward
2
along the entire real line
(A) a  [0, ) (B) a  (–2, 2)
(C) a  [–2, 2] (D) a  (0, )

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 Monotonocity 4.23

Exercise - 2 (Level-II) Multiple Correct | JEE Advanced

FINDING INTERVALS OF MONOTONOCITY 7. Let (x)=f(x)3–3(f(x))2+4f(x)+5x+3 sin x+4 cos x

1. Which of the following statements is/are correct  x  R, then
(A) x + sin x is increasing function (A)  is increasing whenever f is increasing
(B) sec x is neither increasing nor decreasing (B)  is increasing whenever f is decreasing
function (C)  is decreasing whenever f is decreasing
(C) x + sin x is decreasing function (D)  is decreasing if f(x) = –11
(D) sec x is an increasing function
8. The function f(x) = 3x4 + 4x3 – 12x2 – 7 is
2. Let f(x) = xm/n for x  R where m and n are integers, (A)  in [–2, 0] & [1, )
m even and n odd and 0 < m < n. Then (B)  in (–, –2] & [0, 1]
(A) f(x) decreases on (–, 0] (C)  in [–2, 0] & [1, )
(B) f(x) increases on [0, ) (D)  in (–, –2] & [0, 1]
(C) f(x) increases on (–, 0]
9. The function f(x) = x2/(x – 1), x  1 is
(D) f(x) decreases on [0, ) (A)  [0, 1)  (1, 2]
(B)  ln (–, 0]  [2, )
3. The function y = 2x 2 – ln |x| is monotonically
(C)  [0, 1)  (1, 2]
increasing in the interval  1 and monotonically (D) ln (–, 0]  [2, )
decreasing in the interval 2, x ( 0), then
10. The function f(x) = 2 ln (x – 2) – x2 + 4x + 1
 1  1   1  1
(A) 1=   2 ,0   2 ,  (B) 2=  ,     0,  increases in the intervals
 2  2
(A) (1, 2) (B) (2, 3)
 1
  1  1  1
(C) 1=  ,     0,  (D) 2 =   , 0    ,   5 
 2  2  2  2  (C)  ,3 (D) (2, 4)
2 

4. If (x)=f(x) + f(2a – x) and f(x)>0, a>0, 0  x  2 a, 11. Let the function f(x) = sin x + cos x, be defined in
then [0, 2], then f(x)
(A) (x) increases in (a, 2a) (A) increases in (/4, /2)
(B) (x) increases in (0, a) (B) decreases in [/4, 5/4]
(C) (x) decreases in (0, a) (C) increases in [0, /4]  [5/4, 2]
(D) (x) decreases in (1, 2a) (D) decreases in [0, /4)  (/2, 2]

CHECKING MONOTONOCITY
–1
5. If f(x) = 2x + cot x + log ( 1  x 2  x) , then f(x) AT POINT OR IN AN INTERVAL
(A) increases in [0, ) 12. Let f(x) and g(x) be two continuous and
(B) decreases in [0, ) differentiable functions from R  R such that f(x1)
(C) neither increases nor decreases in [0, ) > f(x2) & g(x1) < g(x2)  x1 > x2 then possible values
(D) increases in (–) of x satisfying f(g(2x2 – 8x)) > f(g(x – 4)) is/are
(A) 0 (B) 1
6. Let g(x) = 2f(x/2) + f(1 – x) and f(x) < 0 in 0  x  1 (C) 2 (D) 3
then g(x)
PROVING INEQUATION BY MONOTONOCITY
  2   2 13. Which of the following inequalities are valid
(A) decreases in 0,  (B) decreases  ,1
 3 3  (A) |tan–1 x – tan–1 y|  |x – y|  x, y  R
(B) |tan–1 x – tan–1 y|  |x – y|
 2 2 
(C) increases in 0,  (D) increases in  ,1 (C) |sin x – sin y|  |x – y|
 3 3 
(D) |sin x – sin y|  |x – y|

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4.24 Theory and Exercise Book

BASED ON ROLLE’S THEOREM, LMVT 17. Let f and g be two functions defined on an interval
14. Which of the following functions do not satisfy  such that f(x)  0 and g(x)  0 for all x and f is
conditions of Rolle’s Theorem ? strictly decreasing on  while g is strictly increasing
on  then
  
(A) ex sin x, x   0,  (A) the product function fg is strictly increasing on 
 2 
(B) the product function fg is strictly decreasing on 
 3 (C) fog(x) is monotonically increasing on 
(B) (x + 1)2 (2x – 3)5, x   1, 
 2 (D) fog(x) is monotonically decreasing on 
(C) sin |x|, x [, 2]
18. If f(x) = tan–1x – (1/2) ln x then
1    (A) the greatest value of f(x) on [1/ 3 , 3 ] is /6
(D) sin ,x  2 , 2 
x  
+ (1/4) ln 3
2 (B) the least value of f(x) on [1/ 3 , 3 ] is
15. Let f ' (x) = e x and f (0)=10 and A<f (1)<B can
/3–(1/4) ln 3
be concluded from the Mean Value Theorem then
(C) f(x) decreases on (0, )
the largest value of (A – B) is less than
(D) f(x) increases on (–, 0)
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) e
4
MIXED PROBLEMS 19. For the function f(x) = x (12 ln x – 7)
16. If p, q, r be real then the intervals in which, (A) the point (1, –7) is the point of inflection
(B) x = e1/3 is the point of minima
x  p2 pq pr (C) the graph is concave downwards in (0, 1)
pq xq 2
qr
(D) the graph is concave upwards in (1, )
f(x) =
pr qr x  r2
20. If f(x) = log (x – 2) – 1/x , then
(A) f(x) is M.. for x  (2, )
2 2 (B) f(x) is M.. for x  [–1, 2]
(A) increases in x < – (p + q2 + r2), x > 0
3 (C) f(x) is always concave downwards
(D) f–1(x) is M.. wherever defined
2 2
(B) decrease in (– (p + q2 + r2), 0)
3

2 2
(C) decrease in x < – (p + q2 + r2), x > 0
3

2 2
(D) increase in (– (p + q2 + r2), 0)
3

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 Monotonocity 4.25

Exercise - 3 | Subjective | JEE Advanced

1. (i) Show that f(x) = tan–1 (sin x + cos x) is a 7. Find the greatest & least value of
  x  1 
decreasing function for x   ,  . f(x) = sin
–1
– ln x in  , 3 .
4 2 x 12  3 

x 8. Using monotonicity prove that

(ii) Show that f(x) =
1 x
– ln (1 + x) is an (i) x < – ln (1 – x) < x(1 – x)–1 for 0 < x < 1

increasing function for x > – 1. x

(ii) < tan–1 x < x for every x  0
1  x2
2. Find the intervals of monotonocity for the following
2
functions. 9. Prove that tan x + 6 ln secx + 2 cos x + 4 > 6 sec
x 4 x3   3
(i)  – 3x2 + 5 x for x   , 2  .
4 3  2 

  2 2 
(ii) sin is M.. in  4n  3 , 4n  1 , n  Z 10. Verify Rolle’s theorem for the function
x
 x 2  ab 
 2 2  f(x) = loge  x(a  b)  + p, for [a, b] where
M.D. in  , ,nZ  
 4n  1 4n  1
0 < a < b.
(iii) log23 x  log3x
11. Using Rolle’s theorem prove that the equation
3. Find the intervals of monotonocity for the following 3x2 + px – 1 = 0 has at least one real root in the
functions & represent your solution set on the interval (–1, 1).
number line.
2
12. f(x) and g(x) are differentiable functions for
x 4 x 0  x  2 such that f(0) = 5, g(0) = 0, f(2) = 8, g(2) = 1.
(a) f(x) = 2. e
x
(b) f(x) = e /x Show that there exists a number c satisfying 0 < c <
2 –x
(c) f(x) = x e 2 and f(c) = 3 g(c).
2
(d) f(x) = 2x – ln |x|
13. Explain the failure of Lagrange’s mean value theorem
1
 x 2 x0 in the interval [–1, 1] for the function f(x) =
4. Let f(x) =  . Find real values of a such x
 ax x0
14. If a, b are two real numbers with a < b show that a
that f(x) is strictly monotonically increasing at x = 0. real number ‘c’ can be found between a and b such
3 2
that 3c2 = b2 + ab + a2.
5. If f(x) = x + (a – 1) x + 2x + 1 is strictly
monotonically increasing for every x  R then find 15. Using LMVT prove that :
the range of values of ‘a’   
(a) tan x > x in  0,  ,
2  
6. Find the values of ‘a’ for which the function (b) sin x < x for x > 0
3 2
f(x) = (a + 2) x – 3ax + 9ax – 1 decreases for all
real values of x.

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4.26 Theory and Exercise Book

16. Construct the graph of the function

3 2
22. The equation ax + bx + cx + d = 0 has
x2  9 2
f(x) = – x  3  x  x  1 and comment upon the (A) three positive roots
(B) three negative roots
following (C) two positive and one negative roots
(a) Range of the function, (D) one positive & two negative roots
(b) Intervals of monotonocity,
(c) Point(s) where f is continuous but not
23. Rolle's theorem can be applied for ax3+bx2+cx+d=0
differentiable,
the interval
(d) Point(s) where f fails to be continuous and
nature of discontinuity. (A) [0, 1] (B) [0, 2]
(e) Gradient of the curve where f crosses the axis of y. (C) [1, 2] (D) All of these

17. Show that exactly two real values of x satisfy the 1 2

2
equation x = x sin x + cos x. 24. If F(x) =  f ( x) dx  0 f ( x) dx  0 f ( x) dx  0
18. If g(x) is monotonically increasing and f(x) is then in which of the following can Rolle's theorem
monotonically decreasing for x  R and if (gof) (x) can be applied for F(x), where
2
is defined for x  R, then prove that (gof)(x) will f(x) = (1 + ex ) (ax3 + bx2 + cx + d)
be monotonically decreasing function. Hence prove (A) [0, 1] (B) [0, 2]
that (gof) (x + 1) < (gof) (x – 1) (C) [1, 2] (D) all of these

   25. Column - I Column - II

19. For x   0,  identify which is greater
2 
x
(2 sin x + tan x) or (3x). Hence find (A) The function f(x)= (P) (–, –1)
(1  x 2 )

 3x  decreases in the interval

lim   where [*] denote the greatest
x0  2sin x  tan x 

integer function. (B) The function f(x)=tan–1 x–x (Q) (–, 0)

decreases in the interval
20. Using monotonocity find range of the function
f(x) = (C) The function (R) (0, )
x 1  6  x .
 2 
f(x) = x – ex + tan   (S) (1, )
21. Let f(x) = x3 – x2 + x + 1 and  7 
 max{ f (t ) : 0  t  x} , 0  x  1 increases in the interval (T) (–, )
g(x) =  3 x ,1  x  2

Discuss the continuity & differentiability of g(x) is
in the interval (0, 2)
COMPREHENSION
Suppose a,b,c,d be non-zero real numbers and ab > 0,
1 2
x2 x2
and 0 (1  e ) (ax3 + bx2 + cx + d) dx = 0 (1  e )

3 2
(ax + bx + cx + d) dx = 0

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 Monotonocity 4.27

Exercise - 4 | Level-I Previous Year | JEE Main

1. A value of C for which the conclusion of Mean 3. Let f: R  R be a positive increasing function with
Value Theorem holds for the function f(x) = logex on the
f (3x ) f(2x)
interval [1, 3] is - [AIEEE 2007] lim lim
= 1. Then x =
x f ( x) f(x)
1
(A) 2log3 e (B) loge3 [AIEEE 2010]
2
(C) log3 e (D) loge3 2
(A) 1 (B)
3

2. The function f(x) = tan-1 (sinx + cosx) is an 3

increasing function in - [AIEEE 2007] (C) (D) 3
2
(A) ( /4,  /2) (B) (–/2,  /4)
(C) (0,  /2) (D) (–/2,  /2) 4. If f and g are differentiable functions in [0, 1]
satisfying f(0) = 2 = g(1), g(0) = 0 and
f(1) = 6, then for some c  ]0, 1[ :
[AIEEE 2014]
(A) 2f'(c) = g'(c) (B) 2f'(c) = 3g'(c)
(C) f'(c) = g'(c) (D) f'(c) = 2g'(c)

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4.28 Theory and Exercise Book

Exercise - 4 | Level-II Previous Year | JEE Advanced

1. (a) Let f(x) = 2 + cos x for all real x. [JEE 2007]   

Statement-1 : For each real t, there exists a point ‘c’ in [t, 2. (a) Let the function g : (– , )    .  be given by
 2 2
t + ] such that f ‘(c) = 0.
–1 u 
because g(u) = 2 tan (e ) – . Then, g is
2
Statement-2 : f(t) = f(t + 2) for each real t.
[JEE 2008, 3 + 4]
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true; (A) even and is strictly increasing in (0, )
statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1. (B) odd and is strictly decreasing in (–, )
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true; (C) odd and is strictly increasing in (– , )
statement-2 is NOT a correct explanation for statement-1. (D) neither even nor odd, but is strictly
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false. increasing in (–)
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
(b) Let f(x) be a non-constant twice differentiable func-
tion defined on (–, ) such that f(x) = f(1 – x) and
(b) Paragraph [JEE 2007] f ’(1/4) = 0. Then
If a continuous function f defined on the real line R, as- (A) f ”(x) vanishes at least twice on [0, 1]
sumes positive and negative values in R then the equation (B) f ’(1/2) = 0
f(x) = 0 has a root in R. For example, if it is known that a 1/ 2
 1
continuous function f on R is positive at some point and its (C)  f  x   sin x dx = 0
 2
minimum value is negative then the equation f(x) = 0 has a 1/ 2
root in R. 1/ 2 1
x
Consider f(x) = ke – x for all real x where k is a real f (t ) esin  t dt  f (1  t ) esin  t dt
constant.
(D)  
0 1/ 2

x
(i) The line y = x meets y = ke for k  0 at 1
(A) no point (B) one point 3. For the function f(x)=x cos , x1,
x
(C) two points (D) more than two points [JEE 2009]
(A) for at least one x in the interval
x [1, ), f(x + 2) – f(x) < 2
(ii) The positive value of k for which ke – x = 0
has only one root is (B) xlim
 f ’(x) = 1
(A) 1/e (B) 1
(C) for all x in the interval
(C) e (D) loge2 [1, ), f(x + 2) – f(x) > 2
(D) f ’(x) is strictly decreasing in the
x
(iii) For k > 0, the set of all values of k for which ke interval [1, )
– x = 0 has two distinct roots is
4. Let f be a real valued function defined on the inter-
(A) (0, 1/e) (B) (1/e, 1)
x
(C) (1/e, ) (D) (0, 1)
val (0, ) by f(x) = n x +  1  sin t dt . Then
(c) Match the column. 0

In the following [x] denotes the greatest integer less than which of the following statement(s) is/are true ?
or equal to x. [JEE 2007] [JEE 2010]
(A) f ”(x) exists for all x  (0, )
Column–I Column–II
(B) f ’(x) exists for all x  (0, ) and f ’ is
(A) x | x | (P) continuous in (–1, 1) continuous on (0, ) but not differ
(B) |x| (Q) differentiable in (–1, 1) entiable on (0, ).
(C) there exists  > 1 such that
(C) x + [x] (R) strictly increasing in (–1, 1) | f ’(x) | < | f(x) | for all x  ()
(D) |x – 1 | + |x + 1 | (S) non differentiable at least (D) there exists  > 0 such that
at one point in (–1, 1) | f (x) | + | f ’(x) |  for all x  (0)
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 Monotonocity 4.29

Paragraph for Question 5 and 6 8. If the function e–x f(x) assumes its minimum in the
Let f(x) = (1 – x) 2 sin2x + x2 for all x  IR, and let 1
interval [0, 1] at x = , which of the following is
4
x true ?
 2(t  1) 
 n t  f(t)dt for all x(1, )
g(x)=   t 1  (A) f '(x) < f(x),
1
<x<
3
1
4 4
5. Which of the folloiwng is true ? [JEE 2012] 1
(A) g is increasing on (1, ) (B) f '(x) > f(x), 0 < x <
4
(B) g is decreasing on (1, ) 1
(C) g is increasing on (1, 2) and decreasing on (2, ) (C) f ' (x) < f (x), 0 < x <
4
(D) g is decreasing on (1, 2) and increasing on (2, ) 3
(D) f ' (x) < f (x), <x<1
4
6. Consider the statements :
P : There exists some x  IR such that 9. The number of points in (–  ,  ), for which
f(x) + 2x = 2(1 + x2) x2 – x sin x – cos x = 0, is [JEE 2013]
Q:There exists some x  IR such that (A) 6 (B) 4
2f(x) + 1 = 2x(1 + x) (C) 2 (D) 0
Then
(A) both P and Q are true 10. Let f:(0, )  R be given by
(B) P is true and Q is false 1
(C) P is false and Q is true
x (t  )
t
dt
f(x) = 1 e
 t
. [JEE 2014]
(D) both P and Q are false x

Then
Paragraph for Question 7 and 8
(A) f(x) is monotonically increasing on [1, )
Let f : [0, 1] R (the set of all real numbers) be a function.
(B) f(x) is monotonically decreasing on (0, 1)
Suppose the function f is twice differentiable, f (0) = f (1) =
0 and satisfies 1
f" (x) – 2f' (x) + f(x) ex, x [0, 1]. [JEE 2013] (C) f(x) + f  x  = 0, for all x  (0, )
 
7. Which of the following is true for 0 < x < 1 ?
(D) f(2x) is an odd function of x on R
1 1
(A) 0 < f(x) <  (B)   f ( x) 
2 2
1
(C)   f ( x )  1 (D) – < f (x) < 0
4

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4.30 Theory and Exercise Book

EXERCISE - I
JEE Main
1. C 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. B
8. A 9. C 10. B 11. B 12. B 13. C 14. C
15. A 16. A 17. A 18. A 19. B 20. A 21. A
22. C 23. C 24. A. 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. B
29. D 30. C 31. D 32. D 33. A 34. C
EXERCISE - II
JEE Advance
Single correct Option - type Questions
1. B 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. D 7. C
8. C 9. A 10. B 11. C 12. B 13. C 14. A
15. B 16. A 17. B 18. A 19. B 20. D 21. B
22. B
Multiple correct Option - type Questions
1. A,B 2. A,B 3. A,B 4. A,C 5. A,D 6. B,C 7. A,D
8. A,B 9. C,D 10. B,C 11. B,C 12. B,C,D 13. A,C 14.A,D
15. ABCD 16. A,B 17. A,D 18. A,B,C 19. A,B,C,D 20. A,C,D
EXERCISE - III
Subjective - type Questions
2. (i) M.D. in (–, –3]  [0, 2] M.. in (–3, 0]  [2, )
 2 2   2 2 
(ii) M.. in  , , n Z M.D. in  , , n  Z
 4n  3 4n  1  4n  1 4n  1

 1   1 
(iii) M.D. in  0,  M.. in  ,  
 3  3 
3. (a)  in (2, ) & D in (–, 2) (b)  in (1, ) & D in (–, 0)  (0, 1)
1 1 1 1
(c)  in (0, 2) & D in (–, 2)  (2, ) (d)  for x > or – < x < 0 & D for x < – or 0 < x<
2 2 2 2
4. a  R+ 5. [1  6 , 1  6 ] 6. (– , –3] 7. (/6) + (1/2). n 3, (/3) – (1/2) n 3

 5 5  5
16. (a) (–, 0] (b)  in  1,  and  in (–, 1)   ,   – {–3} (c) x =
 3  3  3
(d) removable discont. at x = –3 (missing point ) and non removable discont. at x = 1 (infinite type)
(e) –2
19. 2 sin x + tan x > 3x, limit = 0
20. [ 5 , 10 ] 21. continuous but not diff. at x = 1
Comprehension - based Questions
22. C 23. D 24. D
Matrix Match - type Questions
25. (A)–P,S ; (B)–P,Q,R,S,T ; (C)–P,Q

EXERCISE - IV
Previous Year’s Question
JEE Main
1. A 2. B 3. A 4. D
JEE Advanced
1. (a) B; (b) (i) B, (ii) A, (iii) A; (c) (A)–P, Q, R ; (B)–P, S ; (C)–R, S ; (D)–P, Q
2. (a) C, (b) A, B, C, D 3. B, C, D 4. B,C 5. B 6. C 7. D 8. C 9. C
10. A,C,D

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