If a borehole you sketched above is 240mm in diameter (D) and 21m in length (L) is

filled with ANFO having a density (pe ) of 0.8 g/𝑐𝑚3

Given:
• Amount of energy liberated in a form of heat (ANFO): 912 calories per gram of
ANFO
• Velocity of detonation (VOD) for ANFO is of the order of 4029 m/second
• To convert kilocalories into kilojoules, multiply by a factor of 4.184

1 Calculate the explosive volume in the column

𝜋D²𝐿 𝜋.0,242 .21

Ve = = = 0.95m3
4 4
2 Calculate the mass of explosive in the column

Note: 1 g/cm3 = 1000 kg/m3

Me = Pe . Ve = (1000 x 0,8) x 0,95 = 760kg

3 Calculate the energy released

Ee = kiloCal/kg x Me = 912 x 760 = 693 120 kcal

Convert to kilojoules
Therefore: Ee = 4,184 x 693 120 = 2 900 014,08kJ

4 Calculate the time required for the entire column of explosive to

detonate

𝐿 21
Te = = 4029 = 0,00521221 s
𝑉𝑂𝐷
2.2.5 Calculate the power generated

𝐸 2900014,08
Power e = = 0,00521221 = 556 388 572 = 556,39MJ/s
𝑡

A general empirical rule, which is applicable to your mine, based on bench height (H)
to the borehole diameter (d) ratio is given:
200 > (H/d) > 60

For a bench height of 20m (H), one of the recommendations you have received
is the use of a borehole of 200mm in diameter (d). Would you consider
implementing the recommendation?

Guide response/answer

200 > (20/0,200) > 60 → 200 > 100 > 60 \ /

200 is greater 100 and 100 is also greater than 60. Therefore, based on the
empirical rule, I would recommend implementing a borehole of 200mm on a bench
height of 20m. The bench will be stable
___________________________________________________________________

How to calculate PDF:

𝑑
3,3𝑝. tan(∅ + 𝑖) . 3√𝑄𝑐 . [(100) 𝑠𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑑]
𝑃𝐷𝐹 = 94,6 log [ ] + 540
115 − 𝑅𝑄𝐷

3 130
3,3 𝑥 4,8 𝑥 tan(39ᵒ) . √220. [(100) 𝑠𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑑]
𝑃𝐷𝐹 = 94,6 log [ ] + 540
115 − 56
12,83 𝑥 6,04 𝑥 1,69
𝑃𝐷𝐹 = 94,6 log [ ] + 540
59
130,96
𝑃𝐷𝐹 = 94,6 log [ ] + 540
59

PDF = 94,6 log 2,22 + 540

PDF = 573 g/BCM = 0,573 kg/BCM