Present Perfect 

 Um ponto muito importante é entender que o present perfect, acontece em algum
momento entre o passado e o presente ou começa no passado e continua no
presente.
Estrutura do Present Perfect em Inglês

 Has (simple present) + past participle (verbo no passado do particípio) quando o

pronome for he, she ou it;
 Have (simple present) + past participle quando o pronome for I, you ou they;

Além da estrutura verbal, é importante ter atenção com os advérbios geralmente
utilizados em frases que utilizem o tempo verbal present perfect.

Advérbios em Inglês

Em muitos casos, advérbios são utilizados para completar o sentido das frases
juntamente com o verbo no particípio (past participle). Alguns dos advérbios em
inglês mais utilizados numa coversação são:

 Yet (já ou ainda);

 Often (normalmente);
 Never (nunca);
 Always (sempre);
 Already (já);
 Ever (já ou alguma vez);
 Just (Agora mesmo ou há pouco);
 Lately (ultimamente);
 Recently (recentemente);
 Frequently (frequentemente).

She has never tried sushi before. (Ela nunca experimentou sushi anteriormente)
I have always wanted to eat sushi. (Eu sempre quis comer sushi).

Ações iniciadas no passado e em andamento no presente

 They haven't lived here for years.

 She has worked in the bank for five years.
 We have had the same car for ten years.
 Have you played the piano since you were a child?
 Quando se faz referência a um período de tempo inconcluído

 I have worked hard this week.

 It has rained a lot this year.
 We haven't seen her today.

Ações repetidas em um período não específico entre o passado e o presente

 They have seen that film six times

 It has happened several times already.
 She has visited them frequently.
 We have eaten at that restaurant many times.

Ações concluídas no passado muito recente (+just)

 Have you just finished work?

 I have just eaten.
 We have just seen her.
 Has he just left?

Quando o período exato da ação é irrelevante ou desconhecido

 Someone has eaten my soup!

 Have you seen 'Gone with the Wind'?
 She's studied Japanese, Russian, and English.
Afirmativa

Sujeito to have past participle

She has visited.

Negativa

Sujeito to have + not past participle

She has not (hasn't) visited.

Interrogativa

to have sujeito past participle

Has she visited?

Interrogativa Negativa

to have + sujeito past participle

not

Hasn't she visited?

To Walk, "present perfect"

Afirmativa Negativa Interrogativa

I have walked I haven't walked Have I walked?

You have walked You haven't walked. Have you walked?

He, she, it has He, she, hasn't walked Has he, she, it walked?
walked

We have walked We haven't walked Have we walked?

You have walked You haven't walked Have you walked?

They have walked They haven't walked Have they walked?

Make the present perfect - choose positive, negative or question:

1. (I / go / to the library today)

_________________________________________________________

2. (you / keep a pet for three years)

_________________________________________________________

3. (you / eat Thai food before?)

_________________________________________________________

4. (it / rain all day?)

_________________________________________________________

5. (who / we / forget to invite?)

__________________________________________________________

6. (we / not / hear that song already)

_________________________________________________________

7. (he / not / forget his books)

_________________________________________________________

8. (she / steal all the chocolate!)

_________________________________________________________

9.(I / explain it well?)

_________________________________________________________

10.(who / he / meet recently?)

_________________________________________________________

11.(how / we / finish already?)

_________________________________________________________
12.(he / study Latin)

_____________________________________________________

13.(I / know him for three months)

_________________________________________________________

14 .(where / you / study Arabic?)

_________________________________________________________

15.(what countries / they / visit in Europe?)

_________________________________________________________

16. (he / hurt his leg)

_________________________________________________________

17. (he / leave her phone in a taxi)

_________________________________________________________

18.(we / not / lose our tickets)

_______________________________________________________

19.(she / call her mother?)

____________________________________________________________

20. (he / take a taxi?)

_________________________________________________________
Answers:

1. I have been to the library today.

2. You have kept a pet for three years.
3. Have you eaten Thai food before?
4. Has it rained all day?
5. Who have we forgotten to invite?
6. We haven’t heard that song already.
7. He hasn’t forgotten his books
8. She has stolen all the chocolate!
9. Have I explained it well?
10. Who has he met recently?
11. How have we finished already?
12. He has studied Latin.
13. I have known him for three months.
14. Where have you studied Arabic?
15. What countries have they visited in Europe?
16. He has hurt his leg.
17. She has left her phone in a taxi.
18. We haven’t lost our tickets.
19. Has she called her mother?
20. Has he taken a taxi?