Table S1.

Formulation and proximate composition of the experimental diets (%, as-fed basis).

Experimental diets
Control SLM Co-Q10 SLM+Co-Q10
Ingredients
Corn gluten meal 12 12 12 12
Soybean meal 29 29 29 29
Fish meal 11 11 11 11
Corn flour 33 33 33 33
Wheat bran 8 7 7.96 6.96
Fish oil 2 2 2 2
Vegetable oil 2 2 2 2
Vitamin premix1 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
Mineral premix2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
Silybum marianum powder (SLM) 0 1 0 1
Coenzyme Q10 (Co-Q10) 0 0 0.04 0.04
Total 100 100 100 100
Proximate composition
Organic matter 94.79 94.21 94.21 94.16
Crude protein 30.78 30.96 30.90 31.06
Crude lipids 7.42 7.71 7.57 7.91
Crude fiber 5.21 5.35 5.33 5.42
Ash 5.21 5.79 5.79 5.84
Nitrogen free extract3 51.38 50.19 50.41 49.77
Gross energy (kcal/kg) 4 4552 4541 4533 4548

1
Vitamin premix (per kg of premix): vitamin A,8000000 IU; vitamin E, 7000 mg; vitamin D 3,
2000000 IU; vitamin K3,1500 mg; biotin, 50 mg; folic acid, 700 mg; nicotinic, 20000 mg;
pantothenic acid,7000 mg; vitamin B1, 700 mg; vitamin B2, 3500 mg; vitamin B6, 1000 mg; vitamin
B12, 7 mg.
2
Mineral premix (per kg of premix): zinc sulfate, 4.0 g; iron sulfate, 20 g; manganese sulfate ,5.3 g;
copper sulfate, 2.7 g; calcium iodine, 0.34 g; sodium selenite, 70 mg; cobalt sulfate, 70 mg, and
CaHPO4·2H2O up to 1 kg.
3
Calculated by difference (100 –protein% + lipids%+ ash% + crude fiber %).
4
Gross energy (GE) was calculated as 5.65, 9.45 and 4.11 kcal/g for protein, lipid and NFE,
respectively (NRC, 1993).