Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Qasim Report-1
Qasim Report-1
ENGINEERING
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Abstract
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Table of
Contents
Subject Page
Vision xx
Mission xx
Organogram xx
Chapter
2
Description xx
Chronological Order. xx
Chapter
Working Experiences
3
xx
Projects carried out (if assigned by On The
Job Trainer)
xx
Hands on skill acquired
xx
Problems encountered
xx
Problems solving process, approach
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xx
35 Supervisory works
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xx
productivity can be further enhanced in
a given system
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Quality Management system in place.
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Safety at work
Chapter
4
Conclusion xx
Conclusion xx
References xx
Appendix xx
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Chapter 1:
Profile of the Training Organization
Introduction
i. SS TANK
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Consisted of a mixing drum with a capacity of 30.6 L. The test was carried out by mixing
25%, 50%, and 75% of the total mixing capacity of the machine, and the time taken for the
constituents to be thoroughly mixed were recorded.
The mixer member (agitator) was used to mix the paint components by the use of an
electric motor. For easy mixing of denser paint components i.e. paints with high viscosity,
particularly oil-based (or enamel) paint, a hydraulic lift, with a travel height (distance) of
about 40 cm, was introduced to move the mixing disc vertically in the upward (up to a height
of 19 cm above the drum) and downward direction (up to a height of 15 cm above the bottom
of the drum) to prevent clogging of the paint components while mixing.
The hydraulic mechanism also allows the operator to remove the drum after mixing
as well as to install the drum in place before starting the mixing operation. The machine was
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Powered with a 0.74 hp (550 W) electric motor, which transmitted the rotary motion of the
driving component through a V-belt to the driven component which was supported with two
bearings. The test results obtained from the running of the machine showed that the time
taken to mix thoroughly 30.6 L of paint constituents was 102 minutes. This was done to
study the reliability and the time taken to accomplish the thorough mixing of the paint
components. To achieve this, the volume of paint constituents (L) ranged from 10.2 L at 35
minutes to 30.6 L at 102 minutes.
This finding elucidates the ability to tackle the problems of mixing paint locally by
hand and by manually operated machines, which are not only primitive but both time and
energy consuming, and as well serves as an innovation in the paint industry.
Vision:
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Organogram:
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1) Human Resources
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Chapter 2
Schedule of Duties Performed as Trainee
Description
(This section should be a brief description of the time, duration and types of duties performed
during the training. The description must follow the schedule of the training i.e. in
chronological order (for 32 weeks). The days when the student was not on duty must be
properly recorded with cogent reasons.)
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Chronological Order
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Chapter 3:
Working Experience
Project Carried out
Our Company Started the Project In which We Have done the Ers Activity and Drilling and Bore activity. I
personally supervise The ERS and Bore Activity which give me More Knowledge about That and Experience
as well.
Cutting Process
Deburring Process
Chamfering Process
Rolling Process
Bending Process
Grinding Process
Assembly Process
Welding Process
Machining Process
Dressing Process
Shot Blasting Process
Painting Process
Cutting process:
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Deburring process:
Burr:
A burr is a raised edge or small piece of material that remains attached to a workpiece
after a modification process.
It is usually an unwanted piece of material and is removed with a deburring tool in a
process called 'deburring'. Burrs are most commonly created by machining operations, such as
grinding, drilling, milling, engraving or turning.
It may be present in the form of a fine wire on the edge of a freshly sharpened tool or as a
raised portion of a surface; this type of burr is commonly formed when a hammer strikes a surface.
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Types:
There are three types of burrs that can be formed from machining operations:
1) Poisson burr
2) rollover burr
3) breakout burr
The rollover burr is the most common.
Deburring:
There are many deburring processes, but the most common are;
mass-finishing
spindle finishing
media blasting
sanding
grinding
wire brushing
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Chamfering process:
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furniture
concrete formwork
mirrors
printed circuit boards
And to facilitate assembly of many mechanical engineering designs.
Rolling process:
In metalworking, rolling is
a metal forming process in
Which metal stock is passed through one
or more pairs of rolls to reduce the
thickness, to make the thickness uniform,
and/or to impart a desired mechanical
property. The concept is similar to the
rolling of dough.
Sheet rolling for SS tank mixer
We make the ss tank for mixer paint.
Rolling.
If the temperature of the metal is below its recrystallization temperature, the process is
known as cold rolling.
In terms of usage, hot rolling processes more tonnage than any other manufacturing
process, and cold rolling processes the most tonnage out of all cold working processes.[1][2] Roll
stands holding pairs of rolls are grouped together into rolling mills that can quickly process metal,
typically steel, into products such as;
structural steel (I-beams, angle stock, channel stock)
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bar stock
rails
HAIER have rolling mill divisions that convert the semi-finished casting products into
finished products. There are many types of rolling processes including;
ring rolling,
roll bending
roll forming
profile rolling
Controlled rolling.
Bending process:
When bending is done, the residual stresses cause the material to spring back towards its
original position, so the sheet must be over-bent to achieve the proper bend angle. The amount of
spring back is dependent on the material, and the type of forming.
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When sheet metal is bent, it stretches in length. The bend deduction is the amount the sheet
metal will stretch when bent as measured from the outside edges of the bend. The bend radius
refers to the inside radius. The formed bend radius is dependent upon the dies used, the material
properties, and the material thickness. The U-punch forms a U-shape with a single punch.
TYPES
There are three basic types of bending on a press brake, each is defined by the relationship
of the end tool position to the thickness of the material.
These three are;
Air Bending
Bottoming
Coining.
Grinding process:
Grinding is a surface
finishing operation where very thin layer of
material is removed in the form of dust
particles.
Thickness of material removed is in
range of 0.25 to 0.50 mm.
Tool used is a abrasive wheel
Grinding machine is a power operated
machine tool where, the work piece is fed
against constantly rotating abrasive wheel to
remove thin layer of material from work.
Welding process:
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Types:
Arc Welding
Argon Welding
CO2 Welding
Weld Quality
Arc welding:
Arc welding is a welding process that is used to join metal to metal by using
electricity to create enough heat to melt metal, and the melted metals, when cool, result in a
binding of the metals.
How Does it Work?
Arc welding is a fusion welding process used to join metals. An electric arc from an AC or
DC power supply creates an intense heat of around 6500°F which melts the metal at the join
between two work pieces.
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Contact of the molten metal with the air. Once cooled, the molten metals solidify to form a
metallurgical bond.
Argon welding:
CO2 welding:
In CO2 arc welding, the welding wire wound in coil is fed into the welding torch by
the feeding motor automatically......In this case, in order that the weld metal will not be affected by
oxygen and nitrogen in the atmosphere, CO2 gas is supplied from the nozzle of the welding torch
to shield the weld pool.
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MACHINING PROCESS:
Turning Operations
Drilling Operations
Turning operation:
Turning is the most common lathe machining operation. During the turning process,
a cutting tool removes material from the outer diameter of a rotating work piece. The main
objective of turning is to reduce the work piece diameter to the desired dimension. There are two
types of turning operations, rough and finish.
Step turning
Step turning creates two surfaces with an abrupt change in diameters between them. The
final feature resembles a step.
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Taper turning
Chamfer turning:
Similar to the step turning, chamfer turning creates angled transition of an otherwise square
edge between two surfaces with different turned diameters.
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Facing:
During the machining, the length of the work pieces is slightly longer than the final part should be.
Facing is an operation of machining the
end of a work piece that is perpendicular
to the rotating axis. During the facing,
the tool moves along the radius of the
work piece to produce the desired part
length and a smooth face surface by
removing a thin layer of material.
Grooving:
Grooving is a turning operation that creates a narrow cut, a "groove" in the work piece. The
size of the cut depends on the width of a cutting tool. Multiple tool passes are necessary to machine
wider grooves. There are two types of grooving operations, external and face grooving.
In external grooving, a tool moves radially into the side of the work piece and removes
the material along the cutting direction. In face grooving, the tool machines groove in the face of
the work piece.
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Parting:
Parting is a machining operation that results in a part cut-off at the end of the machining
cycle. The process uses a tool with a specific shape to enter the work piece perpendicular to the
rotating axis and make a progressive cut while the work piece rotates.
After the edge of the cutting tool reaches the center of the work piece, the work piece drops
off. A part catcher is often used to catch the removed part.
Threading:
Threading is a turning
operation in which a tool moves along
the side of the work piece, cutting
threads in the outer surface. A thread is
a uniform helical groove of specified
length and pitch. Deeper threads need
multiple passes of a tool.
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Drilling:
Reaming:
Reaming is a sizing operation that enlarges the hole in the work piece. In reaming
operations, reamer
Enters the work piece
axially through the end
and expands an
existing hole to the
diameter of the tool.
Reaming removes a
minimal amount of
material and is often
performed after drilling
to obtain both a more
accurate diameter and a
smoother internal
finish.
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Boring:
Drilling Operations:
These are the following operations that can be performed in the Drilling machine.
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Drilling operation:
When we need a circular hole in a work piece of any size there, we can use drilling
operation, by a drilling operation you can form any size of holes in a work piece. Although
you can use a lathe for drilling operation too, drill machine is an appropriate machine to do
holes in a work piece.
The cutting tool we used for this type of operation is drill bit. A drill bit is a multipoint
rotary cutting tool which helps to remove material from a work piece.
Core Drilling:
When sand castings are made, cores are used to displace the metal where holes are desired.
When cast the molten metal flows around the core. After the metal solidifies the casting is
removed from the mold and the core disintegrates leaving the desired holes. the holes are
usually quite rough and require heavy body drill to clean up the sidewall of the whole.
Step Drilling:
More than one diameter can be ground on the drill body which saves an extra operation.
Boring:
When you need to enlarge the diameter of the existing hole you need to perform the boring
operation, but the accuracy is not greater than reaming operation. The boring tool is
generally a single-point cutting tool.
Reaming:
It is an operation of finishing a drilled hole.
A finished hole has the specified diameter size, is perfectly round, the diameter is the same
size from end to end, and it has a smoothly finished surface.
A drill hole is seldom accurate enough in size or sufficiently smooth to be called a precision
hole.
When greater accuracy is required the whole must be drilled undersize by a certain amount
and finished by the reaming.
In short, when we need to enlarge the size of an existing hole with great accuracy in a work
piece we have to performed reaming operation. In this type of operation, we need a
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Reamer to perform the operation. A reamer is a rotary cutting tool that removes the material
from the existing hole which has several parallel and helical cutting edge throughout its
cylindrical body.
Counter Boring:
It is the operation of boring a second hole, a larger diameter than the first but concentric
with it.
When this operation is done on a drilling machine a tool known as counter bore is used.
The small diameter on the end of the tool known as the pilot keeps the counter bore
concentric with the original hole.
Pilots are interchangeable with others of different sizes to fit the various size of holes.
Counter Sinking:
It is the operation of producing an angular surface at the end of a hole. A countersink is
used.
The countersink is made in many diameters size and several angles.
The angle size depends upon the reason for countersinking.
Flathead screws require a countersink with an 82 included angle, where is a Centre hole
must be 60. Various types of rivet heads have included angles of from 90 to 145 degree.
Spot Facing:
It is the operation of machining a flat, circular surface around a whole to provide a seat for a
Bolt head, nut or washer.
It is usually performed on casting. A Counter bore may be used for spot facing.
The Surface machined should be a square with the hole.
Tapping:
Holes that are to be tapped (threaded) are first are drilled to a specified size. In order to
tap holes on a standard drilling machine, a tapping attachment must be used.
This attachment is held in the spindle of the drill press by a tapered Arbor, who drives the
friction type mechanism.
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The tap holding chuck accurately centers the tap on the round part of the shank and
floating jaws hold the tap on its square end in a firm, rigid grip, which prevents the tap
from pulling out of the chuck when reversing.
Trepanning:
It is a hole making operation where an annular groove is produced leaving a solid
cylindrical core in the center.
In Trepanning a cutter consisting of one or more cutting edges placed along the
circumference of a circle is used to produce the annular groove.
Trepanning is feasible if the hole has a diameter of more than 50 mm. Hole depth of 160
times the diameter can be obtained in Trepanning.
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Drawing
Polishing
Problems Encountered
We have basic Problem in industry is that We will not Take Responsibility of Maintenance
of Pumps and Motors and I didn't find the Solution Till.
Problems solving Process, Approach
(Identify and define the problem, state the problem as clearly as possible and generate
possible solutions)
Supervisory Works
I have Supervised in Drilling Activity in a Company which Give me Experience about That
Work and I supervising many times in different companies as well .
Improvement of System
In our Company we have a Deficiency or Not a proper System. HR is not working Properly
and Operation Staff is not working properly as well and Not a good System in our company
of office Staff.
I worked in Different companies as a Site Engineer But I notice in Different companies that
they have a Proper Quality Control System in which They Check about Quality of the Every
Part which they Manufactured.
Safety at Work
I worked in Different Projects as a Project Manager and I think Many Companies have
Safety Teams which didn’t work Your Staff until You Give Him proper Safety Protocols If
your staff didn't have Safety Protocols Then They Didn't Give You Go head of work.
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Chapter 4: Conclusion
Conclusion
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a. Figures /Tables
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Training Information
Personal Details
Student Name:-
Muhammad Qasim Latif
Student Roll#:-
BSMF-1766
Address:-
Tayyab Town, Peer Naseer Chadian,
Harbanspura Road Lahore Cantt.
Email:-
latifq07@gmail.com
Course of Study:-
BSC Mechanical Engineering
Year/Semester of Study:-
3 year / 6 semester
Training Organization
Name:-
MSSE
Address:-
Tayyab Town, Peer Naseer Chadian,
Harbanspura Road Lahore Cantt
Contact Person:-
Ch M Shafique
Contact Number:-
0306-5700675
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Training Week: 24
(Please specify training information by descriptive statement, tables, sketches, figures and
etc.)
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