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Circular column design E14

Pile design by PROKON. (CirCol Ver W5.0.02 - 10 Jun 2022)

Concrete Design code: BS8110 - 1997

Input Data

Pile dimensions

Pile type Precast

Pile length m 22

Pile diameter mm 350

Pile section Circular

Increased Base~% 0

Safety factors

Shaft 1
End bearing 1

Design parameters

K 1.5
Capacity when founded in rock

Shaft %UCS 10

Base %UCS 450.00

Settlement parameters
K1 1.8
K2 0.2
K3 0.6
S/EB ratio 5
Fines 30

Design Load: 10000.00

c UCS
Layer Depth Material Consistency H2O Yd p0' (MPa) delta Nq (kPa) f (kN/m2)

1 4 Clay Very Soft x 20 20.0 0.001 0.07

2 14 Clay Soft x 16 70.0 5 9.35
3 19 Clay Firm x 18 120.0 75 47.43
4 22.5 Clay Firm x 18 152.0 800 264.09

Output values:

Calculation of layer and total capacities:

Layer 1

Calculation of p0

Dry density
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 = 20.00

Thickness

t = 4.00

The layer has water

( - 10 ) . t
p0 =
2
(20 - 10 )×4
=
2
= 20.000

ci
=
p0
.001
=
20
= 50.000×10-6

 = 0.5 .  -0.5
= 0.5 ×.00005 -0.5
= 70.711

c = ci . 
= .001 ×70.711
= 0.0707

Layer friction capacity

f = . c. t. 
= .35 ×.07071 ×4 ×
= 0.3110 kN

Layer bearing capacity

q = 0 kN

Layer total capacity

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Cap = f + q
= .311 + 0
= 0.3110 kN

Layer 2

Calculation of p0

Dry density

 = 16.00

Thickness

t = 10.00

The layer has water

Density of previous layer

a = 10.00

Thickness previous layer

ta = 4.00

The previous layer has water

p0 for previous layer

p0a = 20.00

( - 10 ) . t ( a - 10 ) . ta
p0 = + p0a +
2 2
(16 - 10 )×10 (20 - 10 )×4
= + 20 +
2 2
= 70.000

ci
=
p0
5
=
70
= 0.0714

 = 0.5 .  -0.5
= 0.5 ×.07143 -0.5
= 1.871
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c = ci . 
= 5 ×1.8708
= 9.354

Layer friction capacity

f = . c. t. 
= .35 ×9.3541 ×10 ×
= 102.854 kN

Layer bearing capacity

q = 0 kN

Layer total capacity

Cap = f + q
= 102.85 + 0
= 102.850 kN

Layer 3

Calculation of p0

Dry density

 = 18.00

Thickness

t = 5.00

The layer has water

Density of previous layer

a = 6.00

Thickness previous layer

ta = 10.00

The previous layer has water

p0 for previous layer

p0a = 70.00
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( - 10 ) . t ( a - 10 ) . ta
p0 = + p0a +
2 2
(18 - 10 )×5 (16 - 10 )×10
= + 70 +
2 2
= 120.000

ci
=
p0
75
=
120
= 0.6250

 = 0.5 .  -0.5
= 0.5 ×.625 -0.5
= 0.6325

c = ci . 
= 75 ×.63246
= 47.434

Layer friction capacity

f = . c. t. 
= .35 ×47.434 ×5 ×
= 260.782 kN

Layer bearing capacity

q = 0 kN

Layer total capacity

Cap = f + q
= 260.78 + 0
= 260.780 kN
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Layer 4

Calculation of p0

Dry density

 = 18.00

Thickness

t = 3.00

The layer has water

Density of previous layer

a = 8.00

Thickness previous layer

ta = 5.00

The previous layer has water

p0 for previous layer

p0a = 120.00

( - 10 ) . t ( a - 10 ) . ta
p0 = + p0a +
2 2
(18 - 10 )×3 (18 - 10 )×5
= + 120 +
2 2
= 152.000

ci
=
p0
800
=
152
= 5.263

 = 0.5 .  -0.25
= 0.5 ×5.2632 -0.25
= 0.3301

c = ci . 
= 800 ×.33011
= 264.088
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Layer friction capacity

f = . c. t. 
= .35 ×264.09 ×3 ×
= 871.146 kN

Base bearing area

diae 2 . 
A=
4
350 2 ×
=
4
= 96.21×103 mm²

Layer bearing capacity

q = 9 . ci . A
= 9 ×800 ×.09621
= 692.712 kN

Layer total capacity

Cap = f + q
= 871.14 + 692.72
= 1 563.860 kN

Total friction capacity - all layers

ftot = 1235.09 kN

Total bearing capacity - bottom layer

btot = 692.72 kN

Total capacity
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Cap = ftot + btot

= 1 235.1 + 692.72
= 1 927.820 kN

Total design friction capacity - all layers

ftot
ftotd =
SF
1 235.1
=
1
= 1 235.100 kN

Total design bearing capacity - bottom layer

btot
btotd =
SF
692.72
=
1
= 692.720 kN

Total design capacity

Capd = ftotd + btotd

= 1 235.1 + 692.72
= 1 927.820 kN

Settlement calculations:

Everett settlement at SLS:

Assume a value d = 0.00 mm

Ultimate adhesion transfer

Cult = Cf . PF
= 1 235.1 ×.3
= 370.530 kN
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Ultimate inter granular transfer

Fult = Cf . (1 - PF )
= 1 235.1 ×(1 - .3 )
= 864.570 kN

Ultimate end bearing transfer

qult = 692.72 kN

Adhesion force transfer

. .
Fa = Cult . 1 - e -1 K1 d
= 370.53 × 1 - e -1 ×1.8 ×0
= 0.0000×100 kN

Friction force transfer

. .
Ff = Fult . 1 - e -1 K2 d
= 864.56 × 1 - e -1 ×.2 ×0
= 0.0000×100 kN

Side shear force transfer

F = Fa + Ff
=0 +0
= 0.0000×100 kN

S/EB ratio rat = 0.05

X value

d
X=
rat . sdia
0
=
.05 ×350
= 0.0000×100

End bearing transfer

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q = qult . X 1 - X K3

= 692.72 ×0 1 - 0 .6
= 0.0000×100

Total force capacity

Ft = F + q
=0 +0
= 0.0000×100 kN

This calculated capacity is close to the SLS pile loading of 10000.00 kN

Therefore the assumed settlement at SLS is considered accurate.

Everett settlement at ULS:

Assume a value d = 0.00 mm

Adhesion force transfer

. .
Fa = Cult . 1 - e -1 K1 d
= 370.53 × 1 - e -1 ×1.8 ×0
= 0.0000×100 kN

Friction force transfer

. .
Ff = Fult . 1 - e -1 K2 d
= 864.56 × 1 - e -1 ×.2 ×0
= 0.0000×100 kN

Side shear force transfer

F = Fa + Ff
=0 +0
= 0.0000×100 kN

S/EB ratio rat = 0.05

X value
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d
X= .
rat sdia
0
=
.05 ×350
= 0.0000×100

End bearing transfer

q = qult . X 1 - X K3

= 692.72 ×0 1 - 0 .6
= 0.0000×100

Total force capacity

Ft = F + q
=0 +0
= 0.0000×100 kN

This calculated capacity is close to the ULS pile loading of 10000.00 kN

Therefore the assumed settlement at ULS is considered accurate.

Concrete Design calculations:

Design code used: BS8110 - 1997

Concrete area Ac

 . dia 2
Ac =
4
 ×350 2
=
4
= 96.21×103 mm²

Calculate nominal reinforcement:

Nominal reinforcement

Anom = 0.004 . Ac
= 0.004 ×96211
= 384.844 mm²
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Calculate required reinforcement:

Reinforcement area At

P - 0.4 . fcu . Ac
At =
0.8 . fy
1000×104 - 0.4 ×45 ×96211
=
0.8 ×450
= 22.97×103 mm²

Summary of output

Summary of Output

Design Load (kN) 10000.00

Calculated Capacity (SLS) (kN) 1927.81
Shaft Stress (kPa) 103937.92
Everett Settlement (SLS) (mm) 0.00
Everett Settlement (ULS) (mm) 0.00

PILE CAPACITY (ULTIMATE) Frict Cap max = -22.00m @ 2455kN

1000

1100

1200

1300

1400

1500

1600

1700

1800

1900

2000

2100

2200

2300

2400

2500
100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

-2.00
-4.00
-6.00
-8.00
Pile Length (m)

-10.0
-12.0
-14.0
-16.0
-18.0
-20.0
-22.0
Capacity (kN)

PILE SETTLEMENT kN max = 2426 kN @ 19.0mm

2400
2200 Total
2000
1800
1600 Side
Load (kN)

1400
1200
1000
End
800
600
400
1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

6.00

7.00

8.00

9.00

10.0

11.0

12.0

13.0

14.0

15.0

16.0

17.0

18.0

19.0

20.0

21.0

22.0

23.0

24.0

25.0

26.0

200

Deflection (mm)
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0.00 m

Very Soft Clay

f= 0.07 kPa

4.00 m

Soft Clay
f= 9.35 kPa

14.00 m

Firm Clay
f= 47.43 kPa

19.00 m

Firm Clay
f= 264.09 kPa

22.50 m