QUARTER 2 – MODULE 12, 13,14

Media and Information Literacy - Senior High School

Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 - Module 12, 13, 14: Multimedia Information
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education – Region X – Northern Mindanao

Regional Director: Dr. Arturo B. Bayocot, CESO V

Development Team of the Module:

Development team of the
Author: Jay Michael A.
module
Calipusan Candelaria P.
Maghanoy
Author:
Reviewers: Jay Michael Therese
A. Calipusan
Mae C. Maandig
Candelaria P. Maghanoy
Arian M. Edullantes
Editors: Abihail L. Gimena
Illustrator: Jay Michael A. Calipusan
Reviewers: Therese Mae C. Maandig
Arian M.
Management Team:
Edullantes
Chairperson: Abihail L. Gimena
Dr. Arturo B. Bayocot, CESO III
Regional Director
Co-Chairpersons: Dr. Victor G. De Gracia Jr., CESO V
Illustrator and Layout Artist:
Jay Michael Asst. Regional Director
A. Calipusan
Mala Epra B. Magnaong
CES, CLMD
Management Team:
Members: Dr. Bienvenido U. Tagolimot, Jr.
Himaya B. Sinatao
Regional ADM Coordinator
Joel D. Potane
Elson C. Jamero
EPS-Designate-TLE

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 Senior High School

Media and Information

Literacy
Quarter 2 - Module 12, 1 3,

14

Multimedia Information

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed by educators from public and priv

We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

 Table of Contents

What This Module is About..............................................................................................................i

What I Need to Know........................................................................................................................i
How to Learn from this Module......................................................................................................iii
Icons of this Module........................................................................................................................iii
What I Know...................................................................................................................................iv

Lesson 1:
Text Information and Media........................................................1
What’s In.................................................................................................................1
What I Need to Know..............................................................................................1
What’s New: Text...................................................................................................2
What Is It: Design Principles and Elements of Text................................................3
What’s More: Fonts.................................................................................................6
What I Have Learned..............................................................................................7
What I Can Do........................................................................................................7

Lesson 2:
Visual Information and Media..........................................................8
What’s In................................................................................................................8
What I Need to Know.............................................................................................8
What’s New............................................................................................................9
What Is It: Visual Media Design Elements.............................................................9
What’s More: Visual Media Design Principles.....................................................15
What I Have Learned............................................................................................18
What I Can Do......................................................................................................19

Lesson 3:
Audio Information and Media...................................................20
What’s In..............................................................................................................20
What I Need to Know...........................................................................................20
What’s New: Audio..............................................................................................21
What Is It: Types and Categories of Audio Information.......................................21
What’s More: Elements and Principles of Sound Design......................................22
 What I Have Learned............................................................................................23
What I Can Do......................................................................................................23
Lesson 4:
Motion Information and Media.................................................24
What’s In..............................................................................................................24
What I Need to Know...........................................................................................24
What’s New: Motion Picture................................................................................25
What Is It: Types of Motion Picture and Tecniques..............................................25
What’s More: Script and Storyboard....................................................................32
What I Have Learned............................................................................................35
What I Can Do................................................................................................
35 ...................................................................................................................

Lesson 5:
Interactive Media.......................................................................36
What’s In..............................................................................................................36
What I Need to Know...........................................................................................36
What’s New: Platforms of Interactive Media........................................................37
What’s More.........................................................................................................39
What I Have Learned............................................................................................40
What I Can Do......................................................................................................41

Lesson 6:
Multimedia Information and Media..........................................42
What’s In..............................................................................................................42
What I Need to Know...........................................................................................42
What’s New: Multimedia Devices........................................................................43
What’s More: Multimedia Usage and Applications..............................................46
What I Have Learned............................................................................................48
What I Can Do......................................................................................................48

Summary........................................................................................................................................49
Assessment: (Post-Test).................................................................................................................51
Key to Answers..............................................................................................................................54
References......................................................................................................................................65
What This Module is About
Welcome to Module 7!
This module is about the different elements of Multimedia: Text, Visual, Audio, Motion, and
Interactive. You will learn different design elements and design principles to effectively use
multimedia to communicate and decode messages.
In this module, you will encounter series of activities will give you confidence to evaluate the
reliability and validity of multimedia sources using selection criteria. You will be given tasks that will
lead you to produce and compose your own creative multimedia.
At the end lesson, you will understand the impact of multimedia to the creative industries,
education, journalism and science.

The following are the lessons contained in this module:

Lesson 1 – Text Information and Media
Lesson 2 – Visual Information and Media Lesson 3
– Audio Information and Media Lesson 4 – Motion
Information and Media Lesson 5 – Manipulative
Information and Media Lesson 6 – Multimedia
Information and Media

What I Need to Know

At the end of this module, you should be able to:

1. Describe the different dimensions of text information and media (MIL11/12TIM-IVb-3)
2. Comprehend how text information and media is/are formally and informally produced,
organized, and disseminated (MIL11/12TIM-IVb-4)
3. Evaluate the reliability and validity of text information and media and its/ their sources using
selection criteria (MIL11/12TIM-IVb-5)
4. Produce and evaluate a creative text-based presentation using design principle and
elements (MIL11/12TIM-IVb-6)
5. Describe the different dimensions of visual information and media. (MIL11/12VIM-
IVc-7)
6. Comprehend how visual information and media is/are formally and informally produced,
organized, and disseminated. (MIL11/12VIM-IVc-8)
7. Evaluate the reliability and validity of visual information and media and its/their sources using
selection criteria. (MIL11/12VIM-IVc-9)
8. Produce and evaluate a creative visual-based presentation using design principle and elements
(MIL11/12VIM-IVc-10)

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9. Describe the different dimensions of audio information and media. (MIL11/12AIM- IVd-11)
10. Comprehend how audio information and media is/are formally and informally produced,
organized, and disseminated. (MIL11/12AIM-IVd-12)
11. Evaluate the reliability and validity of audio information and media and its/their sources using
selection criteria. (MIL11/12AIM-IVd-13)
12. Produce and evaluate a creative audio-based presentation using design principle and elements
(MIL11/12AIM-IVd-14)
13. Describe the different dimensions of motion information and media.
(MIL11/12MIM-IVef-15)
14. Comprehend how motion information and media is/are formally and informally produced,
organized, and disseminated. (MIL11/12MIM-IVef-16)
15. Evaluate the reliability and validity of motion information and media and its/their sources
using selection criteria. (MIL11/12MIM-IVef-17)
16. Produce and evaluate a creative motion-based presentation using design principle and
elements. (MIL11/12MIM-IVef-18)
17. Describe the different dimensions of manipulative information and media.
(MIL11/12MPIM-IVgh-19)
18. Comprehend how manipulative information and media is /are formally and informally
produced, organized, and disseminated (MIL11/12MPIM-IVgh-20)
19. Evaluate the reliability and validity of manipulative information and media and its/their
sources using selection criteria. (MIL11/12MPIM-IVgh-21)
20. Produce and evaluate a creative manipulative-based presentation using design principle and
elements. (MIL11/12MPIM-IVgh-22)
21. Describe the different dimension of multimedia information and media
(MIL11/12MM-IVij-23)
22. Comprehend how multimedia information and media is /are formally and informally
produced, organized, and disseminated (MIL11/12MM-IVij-24)
23. Evaluate the reliability and validity of motion information and media and its/their sources
using selection criteria (MIL11/12MM-IVij-25)
24. Synthesize overall knowledge about different information and media sources by producing
and subsequently evaluating a creative multimedia form (living museum, electronic portfolio,
others) (MIL11/12MM-IVij-26)

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How to Learn from this Module
You are required to read the learning materials. Follow the activities and answer the pre-test
and post-test at the end of each learning activities:
To achieve the objectives cited above, you are to do the following:
1. Follow the directions and read the instructions carefully
2. Answer all the given tests and exercises.

Icons of this Module

What I Need This part contains learning objectives that
to Know are set for you to learn as you go along the
module.

What I know This will assess your level of knowledge

to the subject matter at hand, it meant
specifically to gauge prior related knowledge

What’s In This part connects previous lesson with that

of the current one.

What’s New An introduction of the new lesson through

various activities, before it will be presented
to you

What is It These are discussions of the activities as

a way to deepen your discovery and
understanding of the concept.

What’s More These are follow-up activities that are

intended for you to practice further in order
to master the competencies.

What I Activities designed to process what you

Have have learned from the lesson
Learned

What I can do These are tasks that are designed to showcase

your skills and knowledge gained, and healp
you to apply it to real-life concerns
and situations.

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 What I Know

Multiple Choice: Select the letter of your best answer.

1. What font is best suited for the contents of a printed book?

A. Serif font B. Sans Serif font
C. Decorative font D. All of the choices

2. It is the type of font that looks like handwriting.

A. Serif font B. Sans Serif font
C. Script font D. Times New Roman font

3. It is a design principle of text that suggest of using contrasting size and colors to present
different value of information.
A. Alignment B. Emphasis
C. Appropriateness D. Consistency

4. Observe the image below and find the possible violation of the design principles and elements
of texts.
A. The colors are not emphasized to match the theme.
B. The fonts used are not appropriate for the theme.
C. The alignment is inconsistent.
D. The spacing is too close.

5. Your friends asked you to make a poster about peace, what background color is best suited for
this theme?
A. Black B. Yellow
C. Blue D. Green

6. A Visual Design Principles and Elements that suggest to always distribute the visual weight of
objects, colors, texture, and space.
A. Size B. Focal Point
C. Rhythm D. Balance

7. Which file externsion is an example of an audio file?

A. .mp3 B. .mp4
C. .wmv D. .flv

8. It is the process of making a visual sketch for the possible scenes of a film or video.
A. Scripting B. Storyboarding
C. Cinematic Techniques D. Visual Effects

9. Which is NOT a strong basis to evaluate a video as academic source for your research?
A. Good Visual Effects B. Timeliness
C. Authority D. Reliability

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10. Producing a motion picture through manually drawing each frame by hand is called
A. Stop Motion Animation B. Computer Generated Image
C. Traditional Animation D. Virtual Reality

11. What camera angle is best suited to introduce a powerful politician for your film?
A. Low Angle Shot B. Long Angle Shot
C. Establishing Shot D. Dutch Angle Shot

12. What camera angle is used to disorient the audience through tilting the camera to
emphasize confusion or tension of the scene.
A. High Angle Shot B. Long Angle Shot
C. Establishing Shot D. Dutch Angle Shot

13. Which of the following is an example of social media?

A. FacebookB. Twitter
C. Instagram D. All of the choices

14. A type of multimedia that allows users to interact with text, graphics, sound, and video.
A. Interactive Applications B. Text Media
C. Motion Capture D. None of the choices

15. A type of media that is connected to the internet and maintains one or more pages on the
World Wide Web.
A. Website B. Media Player
C. Motion Media D. Multimedia Presentation

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 Lesson
Text Information and Media
1
What’s In

Photo by Marten Bjork on Unsplash

People Media utilizes texts most of the time to deliver their messages, this is no surprise since
we can find texts anywhere, from books, television shows, websites, billboards, newspapers, t-shirts
or even in the sand if someone decides to write something on the beach.
This lesson will discuss what is text and how this media can be used effectively to present our
ideas and express what we feel. The topics include different font types, and design principles and
elements of text.

What I Need to Know

The great 1st century Roman orator, Quintilian, once wrote that
“After you have chosen your words, they must be
weaved together into a fine and delicate fabric”.
Quintilian’s metaphor can now the observed everywhere as we write and record our words
through texts in different platforms.
Texts are words in written, printed or on-screen format. It is a very powerful tool for
communication and information.

Did you know? The Latin for fabric is textum.

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 What’s New

Activity 1.0: Imagine This

You receive a text from an unknown number:

This is your mother, I lost my phone and I need to call you. Please load this number for
at least 200.00. I don’t have much time. This is an emergency!

Wonder at this: As you read the text above:

1. How do you feel about the message?
Describe what you feel about the text message like alarmed, disturbed, encouraged, its
formality, or how genuine the message is.
2. What could be the reason that others might believe this message and follow what the message
instructed them to do?

Acitivity 1.1: Mapping

Roam around your house and look for the things in the list below. Check (✔) the box (☐) in
the right if you think the object can be used to write, print or display texts. You may add your own
list.

Task 1.1
Checklist
✔ (Example )Television Notebook Poster
Radio Paper Smartphone
Book Magazine Tarpaulin
Newspaper Journal Computer
Wall Pen Wood

Texts are the words in written or printed format. Today, it can also be found on screens like
TV and smartphones.

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 What Is It

Activity 1.2: Find a Match

Find any printouts (like magazines and newspapers) that will match each type of font and
stick a sample in the space provided in the right. Please describe your example of how it was used.

Task 1.2 Find a Match

Typefa Samp
ce le

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serif#/media/File:Times_New_Roman_
sample.svg
SERIF fonts have each character with small extra strokes at
the end of the vertical and horizontal stroke.
Use: for formality and its readability in any texts that printed
in small sizes like books and letters.
Examples: Times New Roman, Georgia, Rockwell
How your sample Serif font was used?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sans-serif#/media/File:Helvetica.svg
SANS SERIF fonts do not have serifs. Unlike the classical
serif fonts, sans serifs are new or modern.
Use: for elegance and its readability in any on-screen display
like monitors and portable computers.
Examples: Arial, Impact, Calibri
How your sample Sans Serif font was used?

3
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Script_typeface#/media/File:Cursive.svg
SCRIPT fonts are styles that mimics handwriting.
Use: for stylistic presentation of texts like weddings and
memories.
Examples: Brush Script, Lucida Handwriting, Comic Sans

How your sample Script font was used?

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4e/Jim_Crow_
sample.png
DECORATIVE fonts have extreme features or exaggerated
serifs designed to fit into a theme or emotion.
Use: Titles, headlines
Examples: Chiller, Curlz MT, Jokerman

How your sample Script font was used?

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 Below are the Design Principles and Elements of Text. Let us understand each.

1. Emphasis – Use different size, weight, color, contrast and orientation to present texts
with greater value.

Image: “Yay! Party!” by Jay Michael A. Calipusan

2. Appropriateness – Using the right font, content and tone of presentation based on the target
audience or event.

Image: “Congrats!” by Jay Michael A. Calipusan

3. Space – Use space to create focus and strategically make other texts stand-out.

Image: “Largest!” by Jay Michael A. Calipusan

4. Alignment –Use text alignment to set symmetry, formality or free style.

Image: “Felipenas!” by Jay Michael A. Calipusan

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 5. Consistency –Use at least 2 or 3 colors, font styles and design styles for the whole
composition or content.

Image: “Free hugs!” by Jay Michael A. Calipusan

What’s More

Texts in digital format have different designs called Typeface, often called as fonts. It
consists of alphabets, numbers and special characters set.

Activity 1.3: Guess the Text

Explain each image if did or did not follow the design principles and elements of texts.
Task 1.3 Explanation

1. (Explain here)

2. (Explain here)

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 3. (Explain here)

What I Have Learned

Text, when used properly, is a powerful tool for communicating information, persuasion and
suggestion. Texts can be observed in formal platforms like newspapers, books, magazines,
advertisements and anything printed or informal platforms like online blogs, e-mails, text messages,
social media and anything on-screen.
Presenting information through fonts also require understanding of the different types of fonts
and design principles and elements of text.

What I Can Do

There are many type of file formats of fonts we can install in our computer. Search the
difference of True Type Font (.ttf), Open Type Font (.otf), Web Open Font Format (.webm), and
Scalable Vector Graphics (.svg).

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 Lesson
Visual Information and Media
2
What’s In

Photo by Marten Bjork on Unsplash

Psychologist Richard Gregory proposed that how we see things involves a lot of hypothesis
testing to make sense of it. We based our perceptions on past experiences and stock knowledge.
In the previous lesson, we learned about Texts Information Media, in this lesson, we will
learn Visual Information and take advantage to its potential for relaying or understanding messages by
identifying the types of visual information and observe the design elements and principles.

What I Need to Know

Looking at the image at the right, even though we

can only see some blobs, our brain is hardwired to give
meaning to the image, like a woman’s face. If you also look
closely, we can observe a saxophone player, telling you this
will alert your brain to look for any resemblance of that
pattern.
Gregory believes that our brains perceive things by
adding meaning based on what it expects and past
experiences.
Image Source: http://openpsyc.blogspot.com/2014/06/bottom-
up- vs-top-down-processing.html

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 What’s New

Activity 2.0: Imagine this

You see two advertisement posters with the same content, you try to decide which
poster is more convincing.

Image: “Star!” by Jay Michael A. Calipusan

Wonder at this: As you try to decide, ask yourself this:

1. Which poster is appearing as intended? The message must reflect with the visuals of
the poster.
2. Which poster color harmonious? When composing visuals, colors must be used accordingly, it
must match with the theme and at reflects reality or what you expect.

What Is It

Visual media are images or frames of images that we can construct and reconstruct to give
different meaning to it. We can observe it with photographs, videos, infographics comics, memes and
other objects that projects an image.

Activity 2.1: Interpretation

Describe the image below and give your interpretations of the image.

Photo by Alec Favale on Unsplash

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 We create meaning of what we see by using different types of visual information. Let us
discover these types.

Activity 2.2: Types of Visual Information

Interpret the image from the left using the space provided in the right.
Task 2.2 Types of Visual
Information
Type and image sample Interpretation
Facial Expression: We tend to analyze emotions and
actions of people by reading facial and eye expressions.

Photo by rawpixel on Unsplash

Body Language: Postures and gestures can mean more
than words. We predict people’s motives and emotions by
reading body language.

Photo by rawpixel on Unsplash

1
Color: Most of us give meaning to colors based on
preferences, culture, experiences and human psychology. We
might think that color blue is a masculine color and symbol of
peace. Most companies prefer blue because it represents trust
but it also means loneliness and mourning for other cultures.
(Read more about Color Psychology)

Photo by MI PHAM on Unsplash

1
Environment: We observe the environment we see and give
interpretations of the situation of the people in the
environment.

Photo by eddie howell on Unsplash

Symbols: Hand gestures, icon, brand logos, landmarks,
emoji are some of the symbols that we interpret every day.

Photo by Tyler Quiring on Unsplash

1
 We can produce good visual media by understanding the different Visual Design Principles
and Elements.
Design Elements is the use of colors, space, texture, and other components in an
artistic representation.
Sample Image Element
Space. Using the canvas, you can use some
spaces to creatively produce stunning and
clever designs. Use spaces to make a direct
message since it creates focus to other
elements making it stand out.

Lines. Use lines to guide the viewer’s focal

point and separate objects in your design. Use
straight lines for order and neatness, wavy
lines for more movement, and zig- zagged
lines for tension or excitement.

Size. Use different sizes of your objects in

your design to show the relative importance of
objects and information.

Pattern. Designs with repeating objects like

lines and shapes forming patterns can be
aesthetically appealing giving a sense of order
to a design. Repetition is a crucial element in
branding design for consistency.

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 Texture. Textures give designs a sense of
realistic effects. It can add tactility and depth.
However, use this technique in moderation as
it may overwhelm your design.

Colors. Different color sets the mood and

tone of your designs. Color have psychological
impact to us. It is very important to understand
the different meanings of each common colors
according to human perception.

All images from this table were drawn by Jay Michael A. Calipusan.

Activity 2.3: Interpret the Ads

Explain each image if did or did not execute the visual design elements properly.
Task 2.3 Design Elements
Imag Explanation
e

1
 1.

1
 2.

3.

1
 3.

All images from this table were drawn by Jay Michael A. Calipusan adapted from different ads to fit this activity.

What’s More

Design Principles describe the ways that artists use of elements of art in a work of art.

Sample Image Principle

Focal Point. Make sure to make the important
objects of your design be noticeable first by the
viewer.

1
Contrast can make your design more visually
appealing by making other objects pop-out from
other objects of your design. Contrast maybe the
difference of two elements of your design like
black and white or thin and thick.

1
 Balance. Always distribute the visual weight of
objects, colors, texture, and space.

Rhythm. Using lines, you can direct the

viewers in your design. This includes vertical,
horizontal, and diagonal lines. Use this
technique to convey different motions and
emotions.

Perspective. Use this principle to provide

depth in your designs. This will give a better
view and allows the viewers to have empathy to
your message or subjects in the image.

Unity. Using all the objects consistently or

cohesively in your design that it allows the
viewers to understand the message or story of
your image.

All images from this table were drawn by Jay Michael A. Calipusan.

1
Activity 2.4: Interpret the Scene
Explain each image if did or did not execute the visual design principles properly.

Task 2.4 Design Principles

Imag Explanation
e
1.

2.

2
 3.

4.

All images from this table were drawn by Jay Michael A. Calipusan adapted from different image scenes to fit for
this activity.

What I Have Learned

Your knowledge of visual information and media is very crucial in the current society. Most
people are visually entertained and visually learning due to easier access of visual media. Learning
how to spot the hints and meanings of different visual designs can help you keep up with this growing
visually oriented society.
Eventually, you will have to create your own visual design, you must use elements and
objects to match with the correct design principles in order to engage your target audience. You can

2
communicate correctly if you apply these principles.

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 What I Can Do

Infographics are graphic visual representations of information, data or knowledge intended to

present information quickly and clearly. Search and read online about The Ultimate Infographic
Design Guide: 13 Tricks for Better Designs.
Study the color guide below to help you create a meaningful infographic.

The Psychology and Meaning of

Colors
from colorpsychology.org
Red: Associated with passion, love and desire.
Increases respiration rate, raises blood pressure Black: Associated with power, elegance,
and enhances metabolism. Atrracts attention and formality, death, evil, and mystery. The
signifies danger. symbol of grief.

Brown: Associated with reliability and Gray: Neutrality, wisdom, intelligence,

dependability, people who are reserved and not futuristic, stable, dignity and maturity. Lack of
looking to attract attention from others. confidence and energy, depression, and
Represents maturity, predictability and dullness. boredom. Increases sence of sophictication and
calmness.
Orange: Associated with happiness,
enthusiasm, creativity, determination, and
stimulation.

Yellow: Associated with energy, intellect,

cheerfulness and stimulates mental activity.
Indicates honor, loyalty, and connected with
cowardice.

Blue: Associated with uniqueness, authenticity,

sympathetic, compassionate, idealistic, spiritual
and sincere. Known as the color of peace, men
and sadness.
Pink: Associated with gentle love, tenderness,
vulnerability and youth. Known as the color
for women.

Green: Associated with growth, harmony,

freshness, and fertility. Known as the color of
money, good health, calmness, and slows
human metabolism.

Purple: Associated with royalty, power,

nobility, luxury, ambition, wealth, wisdom,
dignity, creativity and magic.

White: Associated with purity, viginity, light,

goddes, perfection, safety, cleanliness, and
faith.

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 Lesson
Audio Information and Media
3
What’s In

Photo by Candelaria P. Maghanoy

Using visual media to channel information can be very effective if the elements and principles
are used properly. Visual information can be aided with audio media to deliver a stunning impact to
our audience.
Remember how we tend to relate with love songs when we are pleased or feel pain? Pinoys
are known to love singing in karaoke, this is not surprising since most of Filipinos grew up listening
to music in their home, neighbors, schools and places they visited. Music is an audio that is same as
hearing someone talk, the audio that music produced was composed to please our ears and hopefully
deliver the message or information.

What I Need to Know

One of the first discoveries regarding sound was made in the sixth century B.C. by the Greek
mathematician and philosopher Pythagoras. He noted the relationship between the length of a
vibrating string and the tone it produces.

Did you know? Sound is the only core formula of communication for animals while it is
the key for humans communicate with spoken languages besides body languages.

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 What’s New

Activity 3.0: Imagine This

While at home, you were having a conversation with your guardian/parent about your grades,
try to communicate with her/him without talking.

Wonder at this: After you imagine trying to communicate without talking, think about this:
1. Describe how you imagined yourself trying to communicate without talking?
2. Do you think your guardian or parent will understand you without talking?
3. Can you find other ways to communicate using sound without talking?

Audio is a sound within the range of human hearing.

Audio - relating to Reception - the action Transmission - the action

or employed in the or process of receiving or process of transmitting
transmission, reception or something sent, given, or something or the state of
reproduction of sound. inflicted. being transmitted.

What Is It

Below are the Types and Categories of Audio Information.

1. Different forms of audio we can produce and record.

Radio broadcast - live or recorded Sound recording - recording of an

audio sent through radio waves to reach a interview, meeting, or any sound from the
wide audience. environment.

Sound clips/effects - any sound, Music - vocal and/or instrumental sounds

other than music or speech, artificially
reproduced to create an effect in a
dramatic presentation, as the sound of a
storm or a creaking door.
combined in such a way as to produce
beauty of form, harmony, and expression of
emotion. It is composed and performed for
many purposes, ranging from aesthetic
pleasure, religious or ceremonial purposes,
or as an entertainment product.

2
 2. Different ways of storing audio media.

Tape - magnetic tape on which sound can CD - a plastic-fabricated, circular medium

be recorded. for recording, storing, and playing back
audio, video, and computer data.

USB drive - an external flash drive, small Memory Card - is a small storage medium
enough to carry on a key ring, that can be used to store data such as text, pictures,
used with any computer that has a USB audio, and video, for use on small, portable,
port. or remote computing devices.

Computer hard drive - secondary storage devices found in personal computers and can store
audio files.

3. Common audio file formats.

MP3 (MPEG Audio Layer) - a common M4A/AAC (MPEG-4

format for consumer audio, as well as a
standard of digital audio compression for
the transfer and playback of music on
most digital audio players.
Audio/Advanced Audio Coding) -
an audio coding standard for lossy
digital audio compression. Designed to
be the successor of the MP3 format,
AAC generally achieves better sound
quality than MP3 at similar bit rates.

WAV - is a Microsoft audio file format WMA (Windows Media Audio) - is

standard for storing an audio bitstream on an audio data compression technology
PCs. It has become a standard file format developed by Microsoft and used with
for game sounds, among others. Windows Media Player.

What’s More

Elements of Sound Design. The objects or • Silence - absence of audio or sound.

things that we have to work with:
• Dialogue - speech, conversation,
voice-over.
• Waterfall - As first element fades out,
the second element begins at full
volume. Better for voice transitions, than
for
• Sound Effects - any sound other
than music or dialogue.
• Music - vocal or instrumental sounds
(or both) combined in such a way as to
produce beauty of form, harmony, and
expression of emotion.

2
Principles of Sound Design. The
techniques for combining the different
elements or objects.
• Mixing - the combination, balance
and control of multiple sound
elements.
• Pace - Time control. Editing. Order of
events: linear, non-linear, or multi-
linear.
• Transitions - How you get from one
segment or element to another.
• Stereo Imaging - Using left and
right channel for depth

2
 What I Have Learned

We have learned that audio is a sound the we can hear. We can use audio to store sound
through recording and play it by reading the storage device for our audio. We can broadcast audio,
communicate, compose music and more! With the new age (present), we can take advantage of our
technological advancements to store audio from analog to digital format and listen to it anytime with
our MP3 players or any audio player software.

What I Can Do

Activity 3.1: List it Down

List down 10 title of songs that are in your MP3 list.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

2
 Lesson
Motion Information and Media
4
What’s In

Photo by Alex Holyoake on Unsplash

We learned in the previous lesson that we can store audio, this means we can also store data,
texts, images and video.
Most of us experience motion media from our earliest childhood. We watch cartoons, anime,
films, advertisements, TV series, computer games and stream videos. These are all part of our culture.

What I Need to Know

Jack Nicholson once said,

“…all the things you can’t really teach in social studies or
history, we learn them at the movies”.

Fortunately, films have been used and highly recommended in school curriculums as a teaching aid.
Even at early age, we try to understand motion media and in addition to that, we learn new
languages, codes and conventions, different cultures and behaviors.
This is why it is very important to understand what motion media offers and how they are
composed, for us to determine fantasy, realism, history, events, and significant or irrelevant.

2
 What’s New

Activity 4.0 Imagine This

Take a 10 selfies and every time you take a picture, move slightly. After taking 10 slightly
different selfies, try to view each picture (in order) in less than 5 seconds.

Sample motion images by Jay Michael A. Calipusan

Wonder at this: As you observe your 10 selfies, ask yourself this:

1. Why do my selfies look like its moving when viewed faster in transition?
2. Can this be the concept behind how motion media is presented?

Motion Picture is a series of images projected on screen in rapid succession. The slight
change of positions and movements of each image makes an illusion of motion. These images are
called frames. Most motion media have 24 frames per second, which means, in a video, they project
24 images in every 1 second. Today, most motion picture are saved in digital format called video.

What Is It

Did you know? Filming began in 1890s and it was just under a minute long without sound
because of the limits of technology.

Activity 4.1: Video Demonstration

Produce a 10 second video
about you demonstrating how to
properly drink water. Be creative. Save
the video in your smartphone or
personal computer for evaluation.

Photo by Johnny McClung on Unsplash

3
 There are many ways to produce a motion picture. Let us explore the different motion
pictures produced throughout the history.

Activity 4.2: Motion Picture

Provide a picture that you find the best example for each type of motion picture. Example, for
animation, you can use your favorite anime like Dragon Ball Z. Use the space provided in the right.
Task 4.2 Types of Motion Picture
Motion Image Sample
Picture
Traditional Animation. A technique in which each frame
is individually drawn by the artist or animator.

CC BY 3.0, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?curid=31407257
Computer Animation: The art of creating animation using
computer. It can be in a form of (2d) two-dimensional or
three-dimensional (3d).

By Hipocrite at English Wikipedia - Transferred from en.wikipedia

to Commons., Public Domain,
https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index. php?curid=2098302
Stop Motion Animation: A technique used to bring
static objects create an illusion of movement. Object like
clay figures, puppets and miniatures are often used by
moving in increments while filming each for 1 frame.

By Francesco Madeo - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.

wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=39572403

3
 Film: A series of moving pictures that have recorded and
shown on screens. It is recorded using a motion picture
camera.

Photo by Jakob Owens on Unsplash

Combination of Visual Effects. Most of the films
today use computer generated images (CGI) for
special effects like environment manipulation the and
character models.

A computer generated image featuring a house, made in

Blender. By Mayqel, CC BY-SA 3.0,
https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index. php?curid=2440711

Video producers use different cinematic techniques. Let us discover the common camera
shots and camera angles.

Activity 4.3: Camera Shots

Choose which image matches each camera shot and camera angle’s description.

Task 4.3a Camera Shots

Camera shots are techniques to show the amount of space in a scene.
Extreme Long Shot. Also known as Establishing Shot, it sets up the context for a scene by
showing large amount of landscape to establish general setting.
1. Which of the image below you think is an Extreme Long Shot?

3
A. Image 1 B. Image 2
Photo by Patrick Perkins on Unsplash Photo by Max Bender on Unsplash

3
Long Shot. May show landscape but focuses on a specific setting where the action will take
place.
2. Which of the image below you think is a Long Shot?

A. Image 1 B. Image 2
Photo by eberhard grossgasteiger on Unsplash Photo by JC Gellidon on Unsplash
Full Shot. Shows the entire object or character intended to place some relationship between
characters and environment.
3. Which of the image below you think is a Full Shot?

A. Image 1 B. Image 2
Photo by Jeffrey Lin on Unsplash Photo by rawpixel on Unsplash
Mid-Shot. Also known as social shot, it shows the character from the waist up to let the viewers
see the character’s facial expressions in connection with other characters or environment
4. Which of the image below you think is a Mid-Shot?

A. Image 1 B. Image 2
Photo by Nicholas Green on Unsplash Photo by Christopher Campbell on Unsplash

3
Close-up. Also known as personal shot, it shows only a character’s face for the viewers to
understand and empathize with the character’s emotions.
5. Which of the image below you think is a Close-up Shot?

A. Image 1 B. Image 2
Photo by Helena Lopes on Unsplash Photo by Filipe Almeida on Unsplash
Extreme Close-up. Shows and focuses on one part of the character’s face or object to create an
intense mood of emotion.
6. Which of the image below you think is an Extreme Close-up Shot?

A. Image 1 B. Image 2
Photo by Peter Forster on Unsplash Photo by Kelli McClintock on Unsplash

Task 4.3b Camera Angles

Camera angles focuses on the viewers’ position to understand the relationship of the characters,
objects and environment.
Bird’s Eye Angle. Usually used for establishing shot, it is an angle that looks down on a
scene.
1. Which of the image below you think is a Bird’s Eye Angle?

A. Image 1 B. Image 2
Photo by Denys Nevozhai on Unsplash Photo by Nikita Karimov on Unsplash

3
High Angle. Used to demonstrate to the viewers the perspective of a character. By making the
camera to look down on a character, the subject may look vulnerable, small or weak.
2. Which of the image below you think is a High Angle?

A. Image 1 B. Image 2
Photo by Aliyah Jamous on Unsplash Photo by Hanna Postova on Unsplash

Eye-level Angle. The most commonly used camera angle, it makes the viewers comfortable
with the characters.
3. Which of the image below you think is an Eye-level Angle?

A. Image 1 B. Image 2
Photo by Alexis Brown on Unsplash Photo by Bao Truong on Unsplash

Low Angle. The camera is looking up to the character, this makes the character look more
powerful and may make the audience feel vulnerable or small in the presence of that character.
4. Which of the image below you think is a Low Angle?

A. Image 1 B. Image 2
Photo by Ryan Tang on Unsplash Photo by Shubham Sharma on Unsplash

3
 Dutch Angle. Tilts the camera to disorient the viewers. This effect is used to demonstrate
confusion or strange scenes.
5. Which of the image below you think is a Dutch Angle?

A. Image 1 B. Image 2
Photo by Victoriano Izquierdo on Unsplash Photo by Artem Kovalev on Unsplash

Choosing videos and films as resources for your academic works may be tricky. Let us explore
T.R.A.P. by Middlesex Community College to help us evaluate these videos and films.

How to Evaluate a Video: Tips for Finding Quality Information

Timeliness (When?)
Check for the date it was published or last updated Inspect
the relevance of old videos as your source
Will the video exist for years to come or does it have backups for viewing?
Reliability (How?)
Check for credibility and accuracy of the video
Always consider the copyright of the video Know
the cast or persons involved in the video
Is the video bias or a propaganda?
Authority (Who?)
Who uploaded, owns or distributes the video?
Know if the writers, producers or creators are expert or experienced of the what they
are trying to communicate
Purpose (Why? What?)
What particular audience does the video intend to reach?
Is it created to entertain, inform, share, advertise, or influence views and beliefs? Does
the information of the video suits what you need?
Check the content: Its topic, story, goal, theme. Is it a report or documentary?

3
 What’s More

When producing a motion media, most professionals use script (screenplay) and
story board in their production.

Script. Also known as screenplay, is the text that describes the action, scenes, camera
instructions and words to be spoken by the actors.
Sample from a screenplay, showing dialogue and action descriptions.

By Mendaliv - Own work by uploader, originally uploaded to English Wikipedia.,

Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=4970002

3
 Story Board. It describes what happens in your video by making thumbnail of images. It
usually looks like a comic strip. While scripts use texts, storyboards are mainly visual. Making story
boards before filming helps you to plan more effectively, finalize your ideas and predict possible
problems during production.

A storyboard for The Radio Adventures of Dr. Floyd episode #408

3
Activity 4.4: Storyboarding
Think of an original story to be played in 1 minute. Create a script and storyboard for your
story. For more information about screenplay and storyboard, visit https://thewritepractice.
com/screnplay-process/ and https://boords.com/blog/how-to-make-a-storyboard

Please follow this format:

Activity 4.4 will be graded using this rubric:

Maximu
Criter m
ia
Points
The main idea is delivered clearly and developed with good details
Messa 5
ge

4
 The sequence of the scenes are smooth, the details of the story are
Story 5
evident from start to end.

4
 What I Have Learned

By understanding motion media, we can analyze, explore and understand the possible
messages and information of media that we watch and hear. This will also help us create our own craft
in producing films.
We explored the different ways to produce motion pictures like animation, films, computer
generated image or the combination of all ways. In making films, using cinematic techniques are very
crucial for better production and always make good scripts and storyboard.

What I Can Do

The use of lightings in a film plays a major role in the whole output of the film, this cinematic
technique is an indicator of nonverbal mood and emotion of the film.
There are still many cinematic techniques that we must learn. Search for the Camera
Movement, Sound and Lighting, Diegetic and Non-diegetic sound cinematic
techniques.
You may start with this link https://www.primeeducation.com.au/cinematic-techniques-
critical-studies/

4
 Lesson
Interactive Media
5
What’s In

Photo by Alex Holyoake on Unsplash

Watching videos and listening to music can be exhilarating but it is more exciting to have the
option to control the output of what you are watching on screen. Manipulative media or interactive
media gives us the option to do so, we can control what will be viewed, what the actions of a
character we play, what item to purchase, what song to play and more.

What I Need to Know

Interactive Media - Interactive media allows users to interact with text, graphics, sound, and video;
each of which can be accessed from within any of the others. It engages the user and interacts with the
user.
Hypertext – a software system that links topics on the screen to related information and graphics,
which are typically accessed by a point-and click method.
Website – A location connected to the internet that maintains one or more pages on the World Wide
Web.
World Wide Web – abbreviated as WWW or known simply as the web. It is an information space
where documents and other web sources are identified by Uniform Resource Locators (URLs),
interlinked by hypertext links, and can be accessed via the internet.

4
 What’s New

Activity 5.0: Wonder at This

1. Think about your first time using Facebook. What were the steps you did to create and access
your account? How did you post your first thought?
2. Why do you think Facebook is very popular? Enumerate the ways in which you interact with
Facebook.

Let’s do this:
Ask two persons (it may be your seatmates, friends, neighbors, or guardians/parents) about
the actions that they have done on Facebook. Ask them to check the box next to the statement that
they agree to have done. Below is a table where they will check the box on the actions that they have
done on Facebook.

Perso
Actions Done on Facebook Perso n
n 2
1
Clicked the ‘like’ button.

Watched a video.

Messaged a friend on a one-to-one basis.

Commented on a friend’s photo or video.

Read an article.

Read a news story.

Commented in a friend’s profile status.

Logged in to see what’s happening without posting myself.

Uploaded and shared photos.

Updated my profile status/posted about what I’m doing.

4
 Interactive Media allows users to interact with text, graphics, sound, and video; each of
which can be accesses from within any of the others. It engages the user and interacts with the user. It
allows interactivity between the technology (the computer) and the user (human); the computer
responds to or communicates with the user as a response to user’s actions. Example of using an
interactive media through Online Booking. When we book a flight online, we use the website as our
media. We, the users, interact with that media through clicking on the dates and payment for our
flight.
There are different platforms or dimensions of interactive media and these are (a) Mobile
apps, (b) 3D TV, (c) Video Games, (d) Role-Playing Games, (e) Massively Multiplayer Online Role
Playing Game, (f) Interactive websites, (g) Virtual Reality and Immersive Environments,
(h) Power Point, (i) Interactive smart boards, and (j) computer software.

Below are the different platforms of interactive media. Let us understand each.

a. Mobile Apps – or Mobile Applications is f. Interactive Websites – these are

a software developed specifically for use
on small, wireless computing devices such
as smartphones and tablets, rather than
desktop or laptop computers.
b. 3DTV – a television display technology
that enables a three-dimensional effect, so
that viewers perceive that an images has
depth as well as height and width, similar
to objects in the real world.
c. Video Games - a game played
electronically; manipulating images
produced by a computer program on a
television screen or any other display
screen. It could be educational such as
Bookworm, or Multiplayer that allows two
or more players to play with one another or
together.
d. Role-Playing Game – or RPG is a game
in which players assume the roles of
characters in a fictional setting. The
players take responsibility for acting out
these roles within a narrative, either
through literal acting or through a process
of structured decision-making or character
development.
e. Massively Multiplayer Online Role
Playing Game – or MMORPG is any
story-driven online video game in which a
player, taking on the persona of a character
in a virtual world, interacts with a large
number of other players.
websites that let users take on a pool,
survey, exams, exercises or even allow
online social interaction such as social
media sites (e.g. Facebook, Twitter, etc.).
g. Virtual Reality and Immersive
Environments – the computer-
generated simulation of a three-
dimensional image or environment that
can be interacted with in a seemingly real
or physical way by a person using special
electronic equipment, such as a helmet
with a screen inside or gloves fitted with
sensors.
h. PowerPoint presentations – may
contain links, hypertexts, images, sound,
graphics, or other multimedia elements.
i. Interactive smart boards – allows the
teacher and the students to have physical
interaction with the subject matter using
this format.
j. Computer software – allows users to
interact with text, graphics, sound and
video, each of which can be accessed
from within any of the others.

4
 Interactivity is the communication process that takes place between humans and the different
dimensions of interactive media. The most common types of interactivity include:
a. Click – the action where the user uses the left mouse button or the right button. Example
is when you click the like button.
b. Hotspot – a special region to act as a trigger to another web page or site. It could be a
circle, triangle, rectangle, or polygon.
c. Slideshow – a non-linear interactive slideshow where the pathway through the show is
determined by the user’s interaction with it.
d. Timeline – a menu slide that branches to different events.
e. Hover – an image, text, or portion of it that changes in appearance when the mouse
cursor moves over it.

What’s More

Activity 5.1: Short-Response Questions

1. Name 3 actions that demonstrates interactivity of Online Shopping? Follow this format:

Acti Interactivity (what it do?)

on
(i.e. Click on Add to cart button) Allows for items to be added to cart ready
for check-out or payment.
1.

2.

3.

2. Name 4 advantages and disadvantages of online gaming. Follow this format:

Advantages Disadvantages
1. 1.

2. 2.

3. 3.

4. 4.

4
 Activity 5.2: Interactive media and its interactivity
To be able check your understanding of interactive media and interactivity, complete the
worksheet below:

Interactive Example Non- Interactive Action

Media Interactive
Platform Action
e.g. Mobile Apps Plants vs View available cards Play with cards against AI
Zombies or Online
Heroes
Mobile Apps
3D TV
Video Game
Role Playing Game
Massively Multi-
player Online
Role
Playing Game
Interactive Web-
sites
Virtual Reality and
Immersive
Environ-
ments
Slide presentations
Computer software
Interactive smart
boards

What I Have Learned

The concept of Interactive Media is the engagement of the user through interactivity by
allowing users to interact with text, graphics, sound, and video.
A website, with the help of internet connection, is one of the best example that we can
observe today, website’s hyperlinks and scripted features like buttons, comments sections, upload
page, streaming and more.
The different platforms of interactive media are mobile apps, 3DTV, video games, role-
playing games, massively multiplayer online role playing game, interactive websites, virtual reality
and immersive environments, powerpoint presentations, interactive smart boards, and computer
software. The list goes on, but to determine and interactive media, most of them have something to
click, a hotspot, slideshows, timeline, and hover.

4
 What I Can Do

Educational games are games that are designed to help people to learn about certain
subjects, expand concepts, reinforce development, understand historical events or culture, or assist
them in learning a skill as they play.
Hypermedia is a system in which various forms of information, as data, text, graphics,
video, and audio, are linked together by a hypertext program.

Activity 5.3: Search Online

Search for an online IQ, psychological test or diagnostic test on the internet. Take the test and
submit your results either through email or printout. Write a brief evaluation or assessment on the test
taken, focusing on the following:
a. The practicality of an online IQ, psychological test or diagnostic test.
b. Interactivity of the online exam
c. Other features you would like to incorporate, or how it could be improved.

4
 Lesson
Multimedia Information and Media
6
What’s In

Photo by Alex Holyoake on Unsplash

In the previous lessons, we learned a lot about text media, visual media, audio media, motion
media, and interactive media.
In this lesson, we will learn the different forms of multimedia that are made possible with the
combination of 2 or more media that are mentioned in the first paragraph.

What I Need to Know

Before smartphones became essential in our generation, people used cellular phones that can
only send texts or do voice calls, no cameras, no video and no picture. Today, we can do video call
with audio and chat at the same time (at the same person) using an app in our phone.
This is the age where most people are heavily relying on multimedia to communicate, transact
and express their thoughts and passion.

Did you know? Multimedia may be a Static Media or an Active Media. Let us explore more
about these media by reading the whole content of this lesson.

4
 What’s New

Activity 6.0: Wonder at This

You are going to build a robot, which of the features below you would like to include to your
robot and why? You may choose many features as you please.

☐ Talk ☐ Hear ☐ Record ☐ Show images

☐ Can be controlled ☐ Play videos ☐ Fly ☐ Teleport
☐ Long distance communication ☐ Superspeed ☐ Transform

Wonder at this: As you read the text above:

1. Why would you like your robot to be designed that way?
2. What could be the most important features a robot can have?
3. Would you consider a good robot should have a combination of:
• the power of our smartphones
• and human designed machines for transportation?

Multimedia is form with the combination of any of these content forms: Text, Audio, Still
Images, Animation, Video Footage, and Interactive Media.

Activity 6.1: Multimedia Devices

Below are modern multimedia devices, identify which individual content forms are available to
each device and put a check (✔) on the box provided ( ✔).
Task 6.1 Individual Content
Forms

Image by Image by Mabel Image by Image by

OpenClipart- Amber, still William Iven Free- Photos
Vectors from incognito... from from Pixabay from Pixabay
Pixabay Pixabay
iPod Digital Camera Smartphone Smart
Watch
(Exampl
e)
Text
Audio ✔
Still
Images
Animation

5
 Video
Footage
Interactivit ✔
y

5
 Multimedia started to stablish its description during 1990s where computers and
internet are starting to emerge. The two types of multimedia: Static media and Active media.

Static Media ― also known as linear media, Dynamic Media ― also known as non-linear
refers to contents that lacks interactivity. media, refers to contents that provides
Common examples are books and newspapers, interactivity with its users. Websites can be a
these multimedia may have texts and pictures static media or dynamic media but most known
but the readers are unable to control its contents websites today such as Facebook and Youtube
or no observable timely updates or changes. are good examples of dynamic media because
these websites provide the users to contribute
to the site’s contents through posting,
Activity 6.2: Type of Multimedia comments, uploading pictures and videos,
which leads to dynamic contents to the media.
Task 1.2: Determine the type of each media examples in the boxes below, write static for
Static Media or dynamic for Dynamic Media and provide an explanation of your choice in the relative
box.
Task 6.2 Determine Me
Media/Device Type Explanation
Example: Example:

dynamic Arcade games allow players to

control the outcome of the media
through the role they are playing.
There is an interaction between
the machine and the players.

Arcade Game Machine

Photo by Tree Andree on
Unsplash

Magazine
Photo by True Agency on
Unsplash

Comic Book
Photo by Miika Laaksonen
on Unsplash

5
Lazada
Screenshot from Lazada mobile
app

Virtual Reality Glasses

Photo by Hammer & Tusk
on Unsplash

Billboard
Photo by Muhamad
Syazwan Jonizar on
Unsplash

5
Electronic Presentation
Photo by Teemu Paananen
on Unsplash

5
 What’s More

Multimedia can also be observed in the form of live or recorded presentations, games and
simulations.
Advertisements, education, entertainment, business and science take advantage to multimedia
to aid their objectives and goals.

Multimedia Usage and Applications

1. Creative Industries – Most creative

industries nowadays use multimedia to
reach broader audience. Using the
creativity, skills and talents of individuals
to create different contents such as fine arts,
entertainment, commercials, journalism and
software services.

Photo by Darren Chan on Unsplash

through various mediums and platform.

Students may use internet from their
smartphones for research or watch video
tutorials from Youtube from their laptop.
Institutions can also take advantage of
computer simulation technologies using
virtual reality or augmented reality. The
image in the right is a student pilot
learning how to fly a commercial airplane
through computer simulation.

Photo by Jervis Dreamond Leonardo

2. Education – Different institutions use
multimedia projects to help students and
faculty members learn faster and cater
their current learning preferences.
Multimedia offers an alternative or
ubiquitous means of acquiring knowledge

5
 3. Journalism – Stories and
research for journalist can now be
accessed in an instant with
cellular signals and internet
connection. Journalism’s mode of
content delivery started with
newspapers, radio, and television.
Today, we can access these
contents in different platforms
like laptop and smartphones.
Journalists can also have
podcasts, live
feeds from social networking Photo by Austin Distel on Unsplash
sites, online radio and subscription feeds. Sharing news contents is now easier through web
applications like Facebook and Twitter. Journalism can now reach broader audience in an
instant and the readers/viewers can also instantaneously give feedbacks to the content that can
also be heard by other people. This generation allows everyone to deliver news that was once
only limited to journalists by profession.

4. Science – The fields of Engineering,

Mathematics, Science, and Medicine have
been using multimedia for the past few
years to improve their research and
productivity. Engineers use computer
software to simulate trainings and designs.
Mathematical and scientific research used
multimedia for modeling, faster processing
of data and communications. Medicine
have been using modern technology to
train students and doctors like virtual
surgery, simulate human anatomy with Photo by Science in HD on Unsplash
different conditions of injuries and
diseases.

Activity 6.3: Enumeration

Enumerate different multimedia devices or applications that each individual on the list below
that they can use to aid there tasks.

Task 6.3 Enumeration

Individual 2 multimedia devices or applications
(Example) 3D Modeling software Smartphone
Engineer
Student
Scientist
Video Blogger
Digital Artist
Writer

5
 What I Have Learned

Multimedia Principle
Multimedia can be recorded, played, displayed and interacted. This is all possible because of
the presence of multiple forms of media such as texts, audio, images, motion pictures and
interactivity. Most of the multimedia devices are now electronic.
The availability of internet allows multimedia to be essential to everyone’s lives for
communications, research and entertainment.
Multimedia may be a Static Media or an Active Media where static media lacks interactivity
and dynamic media provides interaction with the user. Multimedia’s impact can be observed almost
everywhere, in creative industries, education, journalism, science and more.

What I Can Do

Mayer’s Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning states that “people learn more deeply
from words and pictures than from words alone”. The craft of using multimedia for better
communication and learning relies on how the human mind works: [1] the auditory and visual
channels processing of information, [2] each channel has a limited capacity, [3] learning is an active
process of filtering, selecting, organizing, and integrating information based upon prior knowledge.

Search for multimedia principle and report your findings to your teacher.

5
Summary
1. Texts are written words, printed or on-screen format, a powerful tool for communication and
keeping information.
Type of fonts: Serif, Sans-serif, script, decorative
2. Text Design Principles and Elements: Emphasis, Appropriateness, Space, Alignment,
and Consistency.
3. Visual Media are images or frames of images that we can construct and reconstruct to give
different meaning to it.
Types of Visual Information: Facial Expression, Body Language, Color, Environment, and
Symbols.
4. Visual Design Principles and Elements
Design Element: Space, Lines, Size, Pattern, Texture, and Colors.
Design Principles: Focal Point, Contrast, Balance, Rhythm, Perspective, and Unity.
5. Infographics are graphic visual representations of information, data or knowledge intended
to present information quickly and clearly.
6. Audio is a sound within the range of human hearing.
Forms of Audio: Radio Broadcast, Sound Recording, Sound Clips/Effects, and Music Audio
Storage: Tape, CD, USB Drive, Memory Card, and Computer Hard Drive.
Common Audio Extensions (Formats): .MP3, .M4A, .WAV, and .WMA.
7. Audio Design Principles and Elements
Design Elemet: Dialogue, Waterfall, Sound Effects, Music, and Silence. Design
Principles: Mixing, Pace, Transitions, and Stereo Imaging.
8. Motion Picture is a series of images projected on screen in rapid succession. The slight
change of positions and movements of each image makes an illusion of motion.
Types of Motion Picture:Traditional Animation, Computer Animation, Stop Motion Animation,
Film, and Combination of Visual Effects.
9. Cinematic Techniques
Camera Shots: Extreme Long Shot, Long Shot, Full Shot, Mid-shot, Close-up, and Extreme
Close-up.
Camera Angles: Bird’s Eye Angle, High Angle, Eye-level Angle, Low Angle, and Dutch Angle.
10. How to Evaluate a Video: Timeliness (when?), Reliability (how?), Authority (who?), and
Purpose (why? what?).
11. Script, also known as screenplay, is the text that describes the action, scenes, camera
instructions and words to be spoken by the actors.
12. Story Board describes what happens in your video by making thumbnail of images.
13. Interactive Media allows users to interact with text, graphics, sound, and video.
Different Platforms of Interactive Media: Mobile Apps, 3DTV, Video Games, Role-Playing
Games, Massively Multiplayer Online Role Playing Game, Interactive Websites, Virtual
Reality and Immersive Environments, Powerpoint Presentations, Interactive Smart Boards,
and Computer Software.

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14. Educational Games are games that are designed to help people to learn about certain
subjects, expand concepts, reinforce development, understand historical events or culture, or
assist them in learning a skill as they play.
15. Multimedia is form with the combination of any of these content forms: Text, Audio, Still
Images, Animation, Video Footage, and Interactive Media.
Types of Multimedia:
Static Media ― also known as linear media, refers to contents that lacks interactivity. Dynamic
Media ― also known as non-linear media, refers to contents that provides
interactivity with its users.
16. Multimedia Usage and Applications: Creative Industries, Education, Journalism, and
Science.

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 Assessment: (Post-Test)

Multiple Choice: Select the letter of your best answer.

1. A Visual Design Principles and Elements that suggest to always distribute the visual weight of
objects, colors, texture, and space.
A. Size B. Focal Point
C. Rhythm D. Balance

2. A type of media that allows a user to connect with other devices through the internet.
A. Websites B. Media Player
C. Motion Media D. Multimedia Presentation

3. Which of the following is an example of a social media?

A. Facebook B. Twitter
C. Instagram D. All of the choices

4. It is the type of font that looks like handwriting.

A. Serif font B. Sans Serif font
C. Script font D. Times New Roman font

5. It is a design principle of text that suggest of using contrasting size and colors to present
different value of information.
A. Alignment B. Emphasis
C. Appropriateness D. Consistency

6. Your friends asked you to make a poster about peace, what background color is best suited for
this theme?
A. Black B. Yellow
C. Blue D. Green

7. Which file externsion is an example of an audio file?

A. .mp3 B. .mp4
C. .wmv D. .flv

8. What font is best suited for the contents of a printed book?

A. Serif font B. Sans Serif font
C. Decorative font D. All of the choices

9. It is the process of making a visual sketch for the possible scenes of a film or video.
A. Scripting B. Storyboarding
C. Cinematic Techniques D. Visual Effects

10. Producing a motion picture through manually drawing each frame by hand is called
A. Stop Motion Animation B. Computer Generated Image
C. Hand-drawn Animation D. Virtual Reality

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11. What camera angle is best suited to introduce a powerful politician for your film?
A. High Angle Shot B. Long Angle Shot
C. Establishing Shot D. Dutch Angle Shot

12. What camera angle is used to disorient the audience through tilting the camera to
emphasize confusion or tension of the scene.
A. Low Angle Shot B. Long Angle Shot
C. Establishing Shot D. Dutch Angle Shot

13. Which is NOT a strong basis to evaluate a video as academic source for your research?
A. Good Visual Effects B. Timeliness
C. Authority D. Reliability

14. A type of multimedia that allows users to interact with text, graphics, sound, and video.
A. Manipulative Applications B. Text Media
C. Motion Capture D. None of the choices

15. Observe the image below and find the possible violation of the design principles and
elements of texts.
A. The colors are not emphasized to match the theme.
B. The fonts used are not appropriate for the theme.
C. The alignment is inconsistent.
D. The spacing is too close.

6
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