Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Medical Terminology
and Anatomy for ICD‐
10 Coding,
4th edition
BETSY J. SHILAND
I N T R O D U C T I O N TO
H E A LT H C A R E
TERMINOLOGY
(SCREEN READER
USERS: THIS
P R E S E N TAT I O N U S E S
B O L D FA C E A N D
OTHER TEX T
F O R M AT T I N G T O
S H O W W O R D PA R T S .
PLEAS E SET YOUR
Chapter 1
R EA D E R TO R EA D
F O R M AT T I N G , A N D
VI S I T YOUR
ACCESSIBILITY
SERVICES RESOURCE
FOR MORE
A S S I S TA N C E . )
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Learning Objectives
Lesson 1.1 Derivations and Rules for
Building and Spelling Healthcare Terms
Use the rules given
State the
to build, spell, and
derivation of most
pronounce
healthcare terms.
healthcare terms.
Introduction to ICD‐10
History of ICD
◦ WHO
◦ ICD‐10
American Textbook
◦ ICD‐10‐Ca vs ICD‐10‐CM (2004)
◦ CCI vs. ICD‐10‐PCS vs. CPT‐4
Medical terminology matters
I10
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What is Specialized vocabulary composed of Greek and Latin
word components used for communication among
Medical healthcare professionals
Terminology?
Examples of Greek and Latin
Derivations
Latin Greek
◦ lingu/o = tongue ◦ gloss/o = tongue
◦ bi‐lingu‐al ◦ gloss‐ary
◦ sub‐lingu‐al ◦ gloss‐itis
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Translatable Terms
Word Parts
◦ Word roots (ex. ling/)
◦ Combining vowels (ex. o, i, a, e)
◦ Word root + combining vowel = combining
form (CF) (ex. lingu/o)
◦ Suffixes (ex. –al, ‐ary, ‐itis)
◦ Prefixes (ex. bi‐ and sub‐)
Nontranslatable Terms
(1 of 2)
A small number of healthcare terms can not be built from word parts,
for example:
◦ Diagnosis‐present condition
◦ Prognosis‐future condition
◦ Sequela‐to follow
◦ Acute‐short term and sharp
◦ Chronic‐long term and returns
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Nontranslatable Terms
(2 of 2)
◦ Sign – objective and observable
◦ Symptom – subjective and patient's explanation
◦ Syndrome – a group of signs and symptoms
◦ Etiology – cause of the disease or disorder
◦ Manifestation – outward perception of the disease
Used in ICD‐10‐CM
Eponyms ◦ Alzheimer’s disease
◦ Achilles tendon
◦ Cesarean delivery
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Abbreviations and Symbols
Abbreviations
◦ Simple (IV)
◦ Acronyms (AIDS)
Symbols (↑, ♀)
Dangerous and "DO NOT USE" abbreviations
◦ OU, qid
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C Check the word parts in a term
Assign meanings to the word
Translating A parts
Terms
(CARD
Method) R
Reverse the suffix to the front of
the term
D Define the term
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Translatable Terms
The translation
Combining form (in red) + suffix (in green) = decodable term
gloss/o + ‐itis = glossitis
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Decoding Glossitis: Check
Check the word parts
glossitis
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Decoding Glossitis: Assign
Assign meanings to the word parts
glossitis
tongue/inflammation of
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Decoding Glossitis: Reverse
Reverse the meaning of the suffix to the front of your translation
glossitis
inflammation of/tongue
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Decoding Glossitis: Define
Define the term
Glossitis: inflammation of the tongue
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New Word Parts
Combining forms Suffixes
◦ arthr/o ◦ ‐algia
◦ gastr/o ◦ ‐tomy
◦ ophthalm/o ◦ ‐scope
◦ ot/o ◦ ‐logy
◦ rhin/o ◦ ‐plasty
◦ hepat/o ◦ ‐itis
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The CARD Method
(1 of 4)
The patient complained of chronic gastralgia.
Check the word parts in the term
gastralgia
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The CARD Method
(2 of 4)
Assign
gastralgia
stomach/pain
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The CARD Method
(3 of 4)
Reverse
gastralgia
pain/the stomach
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The CARD Method
(4 of 4)
Define
gastralgia
pain (of) the stomach
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The CARD Method in Action
The patient complained of chronic gastralgia (pain of the stomach).
◦ Is this complaint a sign or a symptom?
◦ What does the term "chronic" mean?
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Building Terms
Most terms are built according to five simple rules.
You must know the difference between a consonant and a vowel.
What are the vowels?
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Building Terms: Rule #1
If the suffix starts with a vowel, a combining vowel is NOT needed to
join the parts.
You don’t need to keep the “o,” because the suffix starts with a vowel.
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Building Terms: Rule #2
If the suffix starts with a consonant, a combining vowel IS needed to
join the two word parts.
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Building Terms: Rule #3
If a combining form ends with the same vowel that begins a suffix, one
of the vowels is dropped.
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Building Terms: Rule #4
If two or more combining forms are used in a term, the combining
vowel is retained between the two, regardless of whether the second
combining form is a vowel or a suffix.
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Building Terms: Rule #5
Sometimes when two or more combining forms are used to make a term,
special notice needs
to be paid to the order in which the combining forms are joined.
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Learning Objectives
Lesson 1.2 Introductory Word Bank and Plurals
3. Use the rules given to change singular terms to their plural forms.
4. Recognize and recall an introductory word bank of prefixes, suffixes,
and combining forms and their respective meanings.
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Noun Suffixes
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Adjective Suffixes
• ‐ac cardiac
Suffixes • ‐al cervical
• ‐ar valvular
that mean • ‐ary coronary
pertaining • ‐eal esophageal
to: • ‐ic hypodermic
• ‐ous subcutaneous
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Pathology Suffixes
(1 of 2)
‐algia
• cephalalgia
‐emia
• hyperlipidemia
‐ia
• agastria
‐itis
• tonsillitis
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Pathology Suffixes
(2 of 3)
‐malacia
• chondromalacia
‐megaly
• splenomegaly
‐ptosis
• hysteroptosis
‐sclerosis
• arteriosclerosis
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Pathology Suffixes
(3 of 3)
‐spasm
• bronchospasm
‐stenosis
• arteriostenosis
‐rrhage, ‐rrhagia
• hemorrhage
‐rrhea
• otorrhea
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Root Operations and Suffixes
Root operation ‐ the goal of a procedure
◦ Certain suffixes provide a clue as to the type of root operation.
◦ Examples:
◦ Excision = cutting out or off (ex. –ectomy)
◦ Resection = cutting out or off (ex. –ectomy)
◦ Repair = restoring (ex. –plasty)
◦ Alteration = modifying the anatomic structure of a body part
without affecting the function of the body part (ex. –plasty)
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Procedural Suffixes
(1 of 2)
‐graphy
• mammography
‐metry
• spirometry
‐opsy
• biopsy
‐scopy
• hysteroscopy
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Procedural Suffixes
(2 of 2)
‐ectomy
• gastrectomy
‐plasty
• rhinoplasty
‐stomy
• colostomy
‐tomy
• osteotomy
‐tripsy
• lithotripsy
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Instrument Suffixes
(1 of 2)
‐graph
• electrocardiograph
‐meter
• thermometer
‐scope
• ophthalmoscope
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Instrument Suffixes
(Slide 2 of 2)
‐tome
• osteotome
‐tripter
• lithotripter
‐trite
• lithotrite
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‐logy
• neonatology
‐logist
Specialties/Specialist • psychologist
Suffixes
(1 of 2)
‐ist
• dentist
‐er
• polysomnographer
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‐iatry
• psychiatry
‐iatrist
Specialties/Specialist • psychiatrist
Suffixes
(2 of 2)
‐iatrics
• pediatrics
‐iatrician
• pediatrician
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Prefixes
(1 of 7)
Prefixes modify a medical term indicating:
◦ absence
◦ location
◦ number/quantity
◦ state
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Are attached directly
to the beginning of
the term
Prefixes
(2 of 7)
May have more than
one meaning
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a‐
apneic
an‐
Prefixes anophthalmia
(3 of 7)
ante‐
anteversion
anti‐
antibacterial
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dys‐
dystrophy
Prefixes endo‐, end‐
(4 of 7)
endoscopy
epi‐
epigastric
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hyper‐
hyperglycemia
hypo‐
Prefixes hypoglossal
(5 of 7)
inter‐
intervertebral
intra‐
intradermal
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para‐, par‐ paraphilia
Prefixes
(6 of 7) per‐
percutaneous
peri‐
pericardium
pre‐ prenatal
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poly‐
polyneuritis
Prefixes post‐
(7 of 7)
postictal
sub‐
subhepatic
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Singular/Plural Endings
Singular Plural
vertebra vertebrae
arthrosis arthroses
appendix appendices
arthritis arthritides
phalanx phalanges
endocardium endocardia
digitus digiti
therapy therapies
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Categories of Terms
Anatomy and physiology
Pathology (diseases and disorders)
Procedures (tests and treatments)
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