History Of Computer

Generations of computer are mainly involve the changes in technology in computers . The
technology changes may be involve the use of transistors , vacuum tubes and microprocessors . As
up to now (2019) computers having five generations , detail are listed below;

1. First Generation (1940 to 1956) ;

ENIAC is the first computer build in 1940 by John Mauchly and J.Presper Eckert . ENIAC
stands for Electronic Numerical Integrator And Calculator . This computer possess a vacuum tube
and it was very much used from 1940 to 1956 . ENIAC computer was very large in size , it need a
huge space in room and was very heavy in weight.

ENIAC is the best example of first generation computer. 20000 vacuum tubes ,70000 resistors and
10000 capacitors were used in ENIAC .

2. Second Generation (1956 to 1963) ;

Transistors were very much used un second generation instead of vacuum tubes . So it
mean that transistors were the ,major component at that time . Why transistors were used instead
of vacuum tubes ? The answer is that they were used instead of vacuum tubes because transistors
were small in size , having high speed and cheaper to build . Transistors allowed the computers to
reduce their size .

TX-0 was the computer that transistor was used for the first time and was introduced in 1956 . TX-0
and its original software were created at Lincoln Laboratory .

3. Third Generation (1964 to 1971) ;

IC ( integrated circuits) were used in third generation of computers . IC’s allowed the
computers to be more smaller in size than the computers of second generation . IC’s also helped to
be faster than the previous computers .

IC’s are still using in computers today . over 48 years later , today’s computers the deep roots going
back to this generation .

4. Forth Generation (1971 to 2010 ) ;

Microprocessor is introduced in the computer in this generation . More common name for
microprocessor is used as CPU , which stands for Universal Processing Unit (CPU). Microprocessor
along with IC (integrated circuit ) helped the computers to small their size more ,like it can be set on
a single disk or table . laptop is also introduced.

5. Fifth Generation ( 2010 to present) ;

New generation is started when AI (artificial intelligence) in introduced to the computer .
Leaps are formed in AI technology and computers, but still there is a room for more
improvement .Nowadays still fifth generation is continues .

Apple Siri on IPhone and Microsoft’s Cortana on window 8 and window 10 computers are the best
example.

The google search engine also utilizes AL to process users researches .