FINAL SCHEME

02000EST200062201

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Scheme of Valuation/Answer Key
Scheme of evaluation (marks in brackets) and answers of problems/key
APJ ABDUL KALAM TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
FOURTH SEMESTER B.TECH DEGREE (SUPPLEMENTARY)
EXAMINATION JUNE 2023 (2019 SCHEME)
Course Code: EST200
Course Name: Design and Engineering
Max. Marks: 100 Duration: 3 Hours

PART A
Answer all questions. Each question carries 3 marks Marks
1 Engineering design is the method that engineers use to identify and solve (3)
problems. Steps are-Ask, Imagine, Plan, Create, Improve
2 The systematic approach to design help them to improve their creativity and (3)
technical problem solving skills to a satisfactory end. Basic principles-
Requirements, Product concept, Solution concept, Detailed design
3 -Knowledge (3)
-Probabilities
-Logic
-Decision making strategies
4 1. Explain the process of design thinking (3)
2. Use icebreaker activities to break any negative tension
3.Encourage team members to explore their creative side
5 Visual communication is the practice of using visual element to convey a (3)
message, inspire change or evoke emotion
6 The most important advantage of a prototype is that it simulates the real and future (3)
product. It can help attract customers to invest the product. You can test the
designs correlations before it comes into production and you can discover
design errors.
7 Full lifecycle design means treating a design as not just theoretical process, a (3)
calculation note or a CAD drawing. A design is something you are going to have
to build, transport, operate and maintain for 25+ years, and, yes, eventually
decommission. Full life cycle design takes every step into account
8 Aesthetics is a core design principle that defines a design's pleasing qualities. In (3)
visual terms, aesthetics includes factors such as balance, colour, movement,

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pattern, scale, shape and visual weight.

9 Design ethics come in many forms – from how you choose projects, to how you (3)
work with clients, to copyrights and legal protection. These written and unwritten
codes help shape the way graphic design professionals interact,
communicate and do business
10 Sustainable engineering is the process of using resources in a way that does not (3)
compromise the environment or deplete the materials for future generations.
()
PART B
Answer any one full question from each module. Each question carries 14 marks
Module 1
11 (14)
Listing of the stages – 2 ½ marks
Explanation - 11 ½ marks

12 Identifying and detailing customer requirements (3)

Setting design objectives (3)
Identify design constrains (3)
Sketches (5)
Module 2

Listing of the stages - 2 ½ marks

Explanation - 6 ½
These stages are not always sequential and teams often run in parallel, out of (5)
order and repeat them in a iterative form.

14 Design 1
Advantages (3)
Disadvantages
Design 2 (3)
Advantages
Disadvantages
Design 3
(3)
Advantages
Disadvantages
-Possible design using divergent thinking (5)
-Possible design using Convergent thinking

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Module 3
15 1.Orthographic sketches/axonometric sketches/oblique sketches / perspective (2)
sketches
2.Sketches (4)
3.Design Detailing (3)
4. Material selection (2)
5. Scale and dimention (3)

16 1.This allows designer to discover aspects of the product, the most economical (8)
way of cutting a material or how stresses and loads will perform on it without
costly physical modelling (6)
2.Example
Module 4
17 1.Modular design is a design principle that subdivides a system into smaller (4)
parts called modules which can be independently created, modified, replaced, or
exchanged with other modules or between different systems.
(10)
2.Example bicycle.
18 1. Project-Based Learning leads students and teachers toward the completed (6)
project. Problem-Based Learning leads the teachers and students to
problem identification and a solution
2. With current trends in climate change in mind, or re-imagine existing
(8)
cities and how they might cope with climate change.
Module 5
19 Development is the set of activities that transform a concept for satisfying
perceived needs into a product or service that is ready for the market. In today’s

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technology driven market, the importance of product development is well (8)

established. The development phase not only helps to determine the functional
performance of a product but also helps to determine the financials of theproduct
itself. In fact it is reported that between 70 and 90 percent of theproject’s
costs are decided in the early phases of the product development. The rapid
escalation in technology has led to a shift in parameters that companies compete
in to achieve maximum profits. One of these is time-based competition,which is
discussed in subsequent sections. (6)

Example.

20 Design in terms of production (3)

Design in terms of use (3)
Design in terms of sustainability (3)
Sketches (5)

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