~2 24

A
 TS. TRAN THANH AI

Tl1 f>IE'N Tl1 VAY MUON

.
A..' Itt.. A..

TRO NG TIENG VIET . HI EN

. f>AI
.

NHA XUAT BAN D~I HQC QUOC GIA

THANH PHO HO CHi MINH - 2009
 LO I NOI £>Au
Nhu chung toi da neu trong mot cong trinh nghien cliu(l), thai gian
g:ln day hien nrong dung xen nr ngir mroc ngoai trong tieng Viet da tro
nen kha ph6 bien tren bao chi Viet Nam. Do la mot hien nrong tu nhien
cua moi ngon ngir tren th~ gioi . I'Irong tinh hinh to an du hoa dang di~n
ra tren moi mat cua doi song xa hoi, hien nrong nay cang tro nen pho
bi~n han. No tro thanh nguon b6 sung quan trong nhat VaG kho tang tir
ngfr cua mot dan t9C. .Ben canh mat tich ClJC, viec dung xen tieng mroc
ngoai VaG tieng Viet cling tao ra nhieu nghich ly dn phai diroc xem xet
va can nhac ky hrong, Trong ki nguyen bung n6 thong tin, voi SlJ tro giup
cua cong nghe da phirong tien, mot mat thong tin len loi d~n t?n nrng
nha, ngay ca a nhtrng vung xa xoi heo lanh, nhung mat khac each sir
dung ngon ngir dS chuyen tai thong tin doi khi con tro thanh mot rao
can d6i voi r~t nhieu nguoi dQC va ngiroi nghe, nhat la d6i voi tclng lap
lao dong nong thon, nhfrng nguoi da chiu nhi~u thiet thai v~ tien ich xa
hoi, nay lai phai thua thiet v~ mat tiep can van hoa, tinh than. Vi the, vo
hinh trung ngon ngtr tro thanh yeu t6 gia tang SlJ each biet gitra cac tclng
lap xa h9i voi nhau.
Viec ra doi quyen nr diSn nay xuat phat tir m6i quan tam d~n thirc
trang sir dung tieng Viet tren cac phirong tien truyen thong dai chung con
nhieu v~n d~ can phai can nhac nhu hien nay va mu6n dira d~n d9C gia
mot cong cu giup « giai rna » nhfrng nr ngir diroc yay muon nr tieng mroc
ngoai dang duoc luu hanh tren nhi~u phirong tien thong tin dai chung, nr
bao noi (truyen thanh, truyen hinh) d~n bao viet (nhat bao, tuan bao...).
HiSu th~u dao m9t tu hoclic c\lm tu « I? » khong phai luc nao cling la m9t
vi~c dCYt1 gian,d~ thvc hi~n! Khi ta sir d\lng cong C\l tra cliu Ia tu diSn dS
tim lai giai dap thi co r~t nhi~u tu chua dUQ"c C?P nMt vaG tu diSn , kS ca
tu diSn dUQ"c bien so?n a nu6'c ngoai, nh~t Ia d6i vm nhfrng tu thu9C cac
nganh cong ngh~ tien ti~n, nhu ADSL, ATM, C?C SIM ... Khi tim hiSu
nhfrng tu ngfr nay, chung toi khong tv thoa man v6'i cach ti~p c?n cam
tfnh cua nguCYi sir d\lng ngon ngfr nh~ la ~ong C\l giao ti~p (hiSu ,d?i khai),
rna tv dclit ra nhi~m V\l truy tim nguon goc C1Ja chung de co the quan sat
mQi sv thay d6i n~u co khi chung dUQ"c du nh?p vaG ti~ng Vi~t. Vi th~,
d9C gia se th~y t~t ca cac m\lc tu trong tu diSn nay d~u co gim thi~u tu
nguyen (etymon) cua no. Nhi~m V\l nay co ve nhu « xa xi » d6i v6'i dong

TrAn Thanh Ai (2006): Nghien cuu hi¢n tU(Tng dung tu ngu nuac ngoai tren bao chi
( I)

de
Vi¢t Nam Izi¢n o(li bling cach tidp ctjn ngon ngu 1z9C xii h(Ji, tiIi nghien elru dp BQ,
2003-2006.
3
dao d(k gia, nhirng lai nit dn thi~t vi no tham gia dung lai lai lich cua
mang nr ngfr duoc yay muon trong ti~ng Viet hien dai . Day la cong viec
kho khan nhat vi no doi hoi nha nghien ciru phai xay dung phucmg phap
khoa hoc chat che.
Ngoai ra, dQc gia se nhan ra rang d6i voi cac til' ngfr yay muon
quen thuoc, chung toi khong liet ke t&t ca cac dang chinh ta r&t tuy tien
cua cluing, rna chi chon lira mot vai each vi~t nham dam bao su thong
nh&t tucmg d6i v~ mat chfnh ta oDo cling la d~ gop phan vao viec chuan
hoa chinh ta cho cac til' ngir yay rmron til' tieng mroc ngoai, mot bQ phan
khong th~ xem nhe cua tieng mroc tao
Cac nha nghien ciru thuong phan biet til' yay muon da diroc Viet
hoa (can duoc goi la tir tieng Vi?t eo ngu6n g6e nutrc ngoai), va nr yay
muon chua duoc Viet hoa (can diroc goi la tu vay mU971 tam thaiy. Do
khong h~ la cong viec d~ dang, vi ranh gioi cua hai loai til' ngfr nay r&t
rna h6 , nhieu khi tuy thuoc vao SI! phan doan chu quan cua nha nghien
ciru. Vi the, trong quyen til' di~n nay, chung toi se d~ cap d~n ca hai loai
til' yay muon nay, du biet rang tren Iy thuyet cac nr yay muon diI diroc
Viet hoa khong gay kho khan nao cho ngiroi Viet nira. X6t v~ hinh thirc,
viec chon hra nay co ve nhu mang tfnh thirc dung, chi nhAm ne tranh v&n
d~ phan biet hai loai til' yay muon noi tren. Nhimg th~t ra, khi chon each
lam nay, cluing t6i can muon b6 sung mot s6 muc til' khong co mat trong
nhtrng cong trinh dil cong b6 til' tnroc d~n nay, nh&t la cac til' trong
phucmg ngtr Nam bQ, mat khac, mu6n dira ra nhirng Iy giai khac v~ til'
nguyen cua mot s6 til' yay rrnron diI duoc Viet hoa, vi nh~n th&y rAng co
kh6ng it h~t s~n hi~n di~n trong nhfrng c6ng trinh da c6ng b6 nay. Ben
c~nh do, chung t6i se lo~i bo nhi~u til' rna cac til' di~n khac dil dua vao, vi
nh~n th&y rAng nhfrng til' yay mugn do da qua xua, kh6ng can ai sil' dVng
nfra (chftng h~n nhu cac til' biingtup, batte, ben plzami... trong Nguy~n
Quang Tuan & Nguy~n Duc Dan(2», ho~c qua d~c bi~t nhu cac thu~t ngfr
chuyen nganh, chi co cac nha khoa h<;>c mm co ca hQi ti~p c?n.

Nghien cun til' vay mU'C}1l va nghien cUu til' nguyen

Nghien cUu til' yay mugn vil'a la nghien cuu til' nguyen, vua la
nghien cuu til' vlplg h<;>c, bao g6m hinh thai h<;>c va til' vlplg h<;>c ngfr
nghia. Th?t V?y, cong vi~c d&u tien cua nghien cuu til' yay mugn la ngugc
dong thai gian tr& v~ qua khu d~ tim ra ngu6n cQi cua cac til' ngfr dugc du
nh~p til' ben ngoai. Do kh6ng h~ la c6ng vi~c d~ dang, cang khong d~

Nguy~n Quang Tuan & Nguy~n Duc Dan, 1992, Tir diin cae tir tiing Vi¢t g6c Phap ,
(2)

HQi Nghien CllU va Giang d?y Van hQc TP. H6 ChI Minh XUllt ban.
4
dang d6i voi tien g Viet, vi van ban viet bang c hir quoc ngir cua ta con hru
gifr duoc qua it, va viec tiep can voi cac van ban na y cling nit kho khan.
Do do, co nit nhi~u kha nang la c hun g ta kh6ng con nhan ra nhtrng nr
ngtr duoc yay muon nr c ac ngon ngtr chau Au vao thai ky mroc ta tiep
x uc I~n d~u voi phuong T a y: chun g dil hoa quyen vao kho nr vung cua
ng6n ngfr dan tQc nhtr nhirn g nr thudn Vi?t khac, kh6ng con d~ lai mot
chut dllu v~t nao cua lap nr vay muon nfra(3).
Vi the, viec nghien ciru tir nguyen cua mot tir phai duoc ti~n hanh
qua hai c6ng doan : xay dung cac gia thuyet v~ nguon g6c cua nr (X la tir
g6c cua X') va ki~m chimg tfnh xac d ang cua gia thuyet do. Th~ nhirng
d~ ki~m chirng tfnh xac dang cua gia thu yet, nha nghien ciru dn phai
diroc trang bi mot bang tieu chi danh gia co kha nang kh ao sat nhi~u khfa
canh khac nhau cua nr yay muon.
Viec xay dung gia thuyet la rllt quan trong, vi no doi hoi nha
nghien ciru phai co ki~n thirc phong phu v~ it nhllt hai ngon ngtr: ng6n
ngtr dang duoc nghien ciru (trong tnrong hop nay la tieng Viet) va ng6n
ngtr cung cap nr g6c (chang han nhir tieng Phap, n~u la nghien ciru v~ nr
g6c Phap). N~u kh6ng nam virng tieng Viet ta se kh6ng phat hien ra rang
ba lua (phuong ngtr mien Trung) co nguon g6c nr tieng mroc ngoai. N~u
khong bi~t tieng Phap , ta se kh6ng th~ phat hien m6i quan h~ gitra nr nay
voi nr poids lourd (xe tai) d~ I?p gia thuyet «poids lourd" la tir g6c cua
« ba lua » va ti~n hanh kiem chirng sau do. Ngay ca khi da nam vtrng
tieng Viet nhung thi~u kien thtrc v~ m Qt s6 ngo~i ngfr co ti~p xuc v6i
ti~ng Vi~t d6i khi cling gay kho khan cho nha nghien cuu : da co truang
hgp nha nghien cuu k~t Iu?n r~ng tu xii Ian Ia duqc vay mugn tu ti~ng
Khome, vi tu nay co each cllu t~o gi6ng v6i tu ngfr ti~ng Khame (b~t d~u
b~ng xii, nhu xii rong, Xii t6n, Xii phien .. .).
Nha nghien Clm thuang phai d6i di~n v6i hai Io~i gia thuy~t: gia
thuy~t don va gia thuy~t phuc. Gia thuy~t don Ia Io~i gia thuy~t rna nha
nghien Clm chi tim thlly mQt kha nang duy nhllt cho Iai giai dap, va anh ta
chi dn chUng minh kha nang lly dung ho~c sai. X cua xii phong va xii
bong chitng h~n chi co kha nang Ia sa von trong ti~ng Phap, vi nha nghien
cuu kh6ng phM hi~n tu ti~ng Phap ho~c ti~ng nu6c ngoai nao co th~ c~nh
tranh v6i no. Gia thuy~t phuc Ia Io~i gia thuy~t rna nha nghien cuu tim ra
nhi~u hon mQt kha nang cho Iai giai dap, va trong s6 cac kha nang do co
thi co mQt kha nang dung, va chi mQt rna th6i . Trong truang hgp tu (xe)

(3) C6 Ie ill C9C bielz ho~c hich neo niim trong truOng hqp nay : nguOi ta thfry n6 duqc sir dVng

6 die b~n cang, tau thuy€n, tren bao chI. . . nhung chua c6 tai Ii~u nao n6i v€ g& ti~ng Phap
cua n6 . Ch~c chitn riing se con nhi€u truOng hqp tuong t\T chua duqc kham pha.
5
,

ben, nha nghien ciru phai chirng minh X cua no Ia Benz (Nguyen Dire
Dan, 1997) hoac benne (Tnln Thanh Ai, xem chu thfch (l)) .
. D~ ki~m chirng tfnh xac dang cua gia thuyet, nha nghien CUll phai
xay dung nhieu tieu chi, gem cac tieu chi ngon ngtr (lien quan d~n ngir
am, ngtr nghia. . .) va cac tieu chi ngoai ngon ngtr (lien quan d~n dieu kien
vay mu<;YI1 nhir nhu du giao tiep, hoan canh giao tiep, co hoi tiep xuc
ngon ngfr... ). MQt gia thuyet thoa cang nhieu tieu chi thi tinh xac dang
cua no cang cao. Nguoc lai , mot gia thuyet nao do thoa nit it tieu chi
(c hang han chi thoa tieu chi ngfr am) thi mire dQ xac dang cua gia thuyet
do cang thap. Thirc t~ nghien CUll cho thay co nhieu tnrong hop nha
nghien ciru vi thieu chu dao hoac qua d~ dai trong viec J<j~m chimg gia
thuyet, d1i vQi yang k~t luan nr X nao do la nguon g6c cua tir X' chi vi
nhan thay hai nr nay dong am hoac g<1n am voi nhau nen l<1m nrong
chung co quan h~ gia dinh.

v~ tieu chi ki~m djnh trong vi ~c nghien ctru til" nguyen

Qua mot s6 cong trinh lien quan d~n nr nguyen tieng V iet, va nh<1t
la qua cong trinh rna chung toi d1i thuc hien v~ viec sir dung tir ngtr rnroc
ngoai trong bao chf V ie t Nam hien dai, chung toi nhan thay dn phai xay
dung mot s6 tieu chf thclm dinh d~ k~t qua nghien ciru diroc khoa hQC
han, d~ tranh nham l§:n hoac suy di~n tuy tien nhir thuong thay. MQt tir X
chi co th~ diroc xem la nr goc cua X' khi nao no co th~ dap irng diroc
cang nhi~u cang t6t nhfrng tieu chf sau day<4):
Tieu chf ngon ngfr: bao gom tieu chf ngfr am (hai tir co each phat
am g<1n nhau) v a ngir nghia (tir va y mu<;YI1 con gifr lai It nhat mot net
nghia cua tir g6c ).
T ieu chi ngoai ngon ngtr: bao g6m tieu chi quy chieu (SlJ V?t phai co
ngu6n g6c nuac ngoai thi ten gQi cua no mm co kha nang la tu vay
mu<;YI1), tieu chi ljch su va van hoa (hai cQng d6ng ngon ngfr phai co
ti~p xuc vm nhau, du la qua trung gian cua mQt cQng d6ng ngon ngfr
thu ba, thi n:m co kha nang xay ra hi~n tU<;YI1g yay mu<;YI1 tu ngfr).

v~ chu thfch ngon ngfr g6c cua til" yay mUQ1l

Con du<'mg phieu lUll cua mQt tu vay mu<;YI1 khong phai hIc nao
cilng don tuy~n: co r<1t nhi~u tu truac khi van Vi~t Nam da qua nhi~u

(4)Xem chi ti€t trong bfti viet: "Tieu chi nghien Clru tir nguyen hQc ti€ng Vi(!t", dang
tren T\lp cM Khoa hQc, s6 3, f)<:ti hQc Can Tho, 2005.
6
mroc, v~y phai chu thfch ngon ngfr goc no nhir th~ nao? Ngon ngtt goc
cua dola, kdnguru la tieng Anh hay tieng Phap? Khong it nhimg tnrong
hgp nr yay mUQ11 co nguon g6~ tir tieng Anh, nhung duoc doc (tham chi
viet) thea each phat am cua tieng Phap. Muc dfch cua chung toi khong
phai la tim hieu nguon g6c xa xoi cua nr co lien quan, rna chi la ghi nhan
nhfrng thong tin v~ tir ngtr do tnroc va sau khi du nhap vao Viet Nam. Ly
do th~t don gian: chi co nhtrng nguoi nghien ciru ngir van tieng mroc
ngoai nhu ngtr van tieng Phap chang han, moi quan tam d~n nguon goc
cua nr lOc6t la do su k~t hop gitra hai tir tieng Dire block va haus, can dQc
gia Viet Nam chi e<1n bi~t rang ngiroi Phap da mang no sang Vi~t Nam
trong thoi ky Phap thuoc, VI the, cluing toi theo nguyen titc nhir sau :
D6i voi nhimg tir g6c da hoa nhap vao quoc gia «xuc1t kh<1u »
(diroc nr di~n chfnh thirc cua quoc gia do ghi nhan), chung toi se
ghi chu xuat xu g§.n nhc1t cua nr vay mUQ11 nay, tire quoc gia true
ti~p « xuc1t khau ». VI th~, nr phatxit bitt nguon tir tieng Y, nhung
diroc du nhap vao Viet Nam qua nga tieng Phap, va da diroc Phap
h6a, nen chung toi chi ghi ngan gon tir goc cua no Ia Phap cua no
(P.: fasciste), chd khong giai thfch can ke. Tirong tu nhir vay la
phim (P.: film): nr nay co nguon g6c nr tieng Anh, nhung cluing toi
se ghi ngon ngtr g6c cua no Ia tieng Phap.
- D6i voi nhirng nr goc -chira hoa nhap vao quoc gia « xuat kh<1u » ,
nhu best-seller ,(A.: best-s~ller~, thi chun~ toi se ghi nguon g6c
tnroc khi vao quoc gia « xuat khau », nrc tieng Anh, mac du chung
du nhap vao Viet Nam qua tieng Phap.
D6i voi mot s6 tir rna S\1' giao thoa ngon ngfr da t<;10 ra nhieu kho
khan cho viec phan dinh rach roi dau la ngu6n g6c th~t S\1' cua tll'
yay mUQ11, thi chung toi se ghi ca hai ngon ngfr g6c. Ch~hg h<;1n sau
m\lc tll' tennit se co ghi chu la (A., P.: tennis) vi tll' nay dugc yay
mUQ11 tf\l'c ti~p tll' ti~ng Phap, nhung ti~ng Phap l<;1i yay mUQ11 tll'
nay tll' ti~ng Anh. Chua h~t: ngu6n g6c xa xua cua tll' nay l<;1i lil
ti~ng Phap (nguai Anh da vay mUQ11 tll' th~ ky 15 ).

v~ cach vi~t tic g8c thuQc cac ngon ngfr khong sir d1}ng m~u tv Latinh
Vi ti~ng Nga la ngo<;1i ngfr kha quen thuQc voi nguai Vi~t, va vi
di~u ki~n in c1n hi~n nay da kha thu~n lqi, nen chung toi c6 gitng ghi l<;1i
nguyen van cac tll' g6c biing ti~ng Nga. D6i voi cac, ngon ngfr khac nhu
Trung Qu6c (ti~ng Quan tho<;1i), Nh~t , Han . . . , chung toi chQn cach ghi
b~ng ky t\1' Latinh d~ ti~n d\lng.

7
"'"

vs each vi~t cac muc tir

D6i voi cac nr mroc ngoai moi du nhap vao tieng Viet, chung toi
gitr nguyen hinh thirc chfnh ta cua nr goc, vi cluing chua diroc pho bi~n
rong rai trong xa hoi.
D6i voi nhtrng nr yay muon da quen thuoc trong ngon ngtr doi
thuong, vi nhan thay ding trong s6 ba each viet ph6 bi~n nh<1t hien nay
(each vi~t cac am ti~t dfnh van nhau nhir oto, each vi~t cac am ti~t tach
roi nhau nhir 0 to va each vi~t cac am ti~t co gach n6i nhir o-to), thi
khuynh huang thir nhat ngay cang chiem iru th~(5), nen chung toi sir dung
thong nhat each vi~t dfnh vao nhau cho t<1t ca cac nr yay muon, voi muc
dfch la tao ra SlJ thong nhat v~ mat chfnh ta cho lap tir nay (khong co If
do nao de bao chua cho viec vira chon each vi~t ba gdc, XQ phong vira
chon each vi~t atiso, ximang... !).

*
* *

Y nghia tfch ClJC cua viec yay muon tir ngtr mroc ngoai la khong
phai ban cai. Nhirng khong phai vi th~ rna chung ta co the xem thuong
khfa canh tieu ClJC cua no. Lich sir da cho thay rang n~u de cho viec vay
muon phat trien mot each tv phat, khong co SlJ kiem soat cua mot co
quan co th<1m quyen thi kho luang h~t nhimg tac dong x<1u cua no. Tnroc
h~t la tac dong d~n ngon ngtr dan toe : no co th~ bien tieng Viet tro thanh
mot thir tieng h6 16n, pha tron nhu tnrong hop tieng b6i duoi thai Phap
thuoc. Nhirng nguy hiem nh<1t la tac dong vao tinh cam va nhan thirc cua
th~ M tre: d<1n da, no lang Ie gam nh<1m vao tinh th<1n dan tQc, bi~n ca
mot th~ M tro thanh san pham cua mot nen van hoa lai cang, huang
ngoai. Viec nay doi hoi cac nha hoach dinh chi~n hroc v~ van hoa phai co
mot chfnh sach r6 rang va co hi~u qua d~ u6n nkln SlJ tuy ti~n Clla h~
th6ng thong tin dC;li chung trong vi~c du nh?p tran Ian tu ngfr nu6c ngoai
vao ti~ng Vi~t.
Ngoai ml,lc dfch « giai rna » nhfrng tu ngu nu6c ngoai nhu da noi a
tren, quyen tu dien nay hy vQng rflng se cung dp dfr li~u cho cac nha
nghien Clru, cac gi6i chuc co th<1m quy~n trong v<1n d~ hOC;lCh dinh chfnh
sach ngon ngfr, de hQ co bi~n phap khklc phl,lc m?t tieu ClJC clla v<1n d~ su
dl,lng xen ti~ng nu6c ngoai vao ti~ng Vi~t.

(5) Tren sach baa ngay nay, th~m chI ngum ta con viSt ca basa, phale...
8
 NHO'NG CHO' VIET TAT

1. Cac ngdn ngfr

A. : tieng Anh - My Ma : tieng Ma Lai
An : tieng An D<) Nga : tieng Nga
Arap : tieng Ar~p Nh. : tieng Nhat
B6 : tieng B6 Dao Nha NP : NamPhi
D. : tieng Dire P. : tieng Phap
HQ : tieng Han Ph~n : tieng Phan
Hy : tieng Hy Lap Tbn. : tieng Tay Ban Nha
Indo. : tieng Indonexia TQ : tieng Trung Quoc
Lat. : tieng Latinh y : tieng Y
2. Cac ghi chu v~ cac m uc til'
Bac : phucmg ngfr Bitc b<)
cg : con goi la
cv : con viet la
khng : khau ngir
long : tieng long
Nam : phucmg ngir N am b<)
nbong : nghia bong
thng : thanh ngfr
Trung : phucmg ngtr Trung b<)
x : xem
xua : each dung kh6ng con ph6 bien rong rai
3. Cac bao dung d~ d~n chung (khong k~ ngufin ngfr li~u dung d~
nghien ciru)
HHT : Hoa H(Jc tro
SVVN : Sinh vien Vi?t Nam
TNCT : Thanh nien cu6i tutin
TT : Tu6i tre
ITCN : Tu6i tre chi! nhdt
TTCT : Tu6i tre cu6i tutin
TT & VH : Th i thao & Win hoa
9
 A
a (P.: are): don vi do dien tfch, bang 100m2 .
AAPSO (A., viet tilt cua cum nr Afro-Asian Peoples Solidarity
Organization) : T6 chirc Doan k~t Nhan dan A - Phi.
ABS (A., vi~t tilt cua cum tir Anti-lock Braking System): h~ thong phanh
xe hoi duoc may tfnh dien nr tro giup, d~ chong tnrot ngang khi xe dirng
dot ngot.
. AC (A., vi~t tilt cua cum nr Alternating Current): dong di~n xoay chien.
[con] ~c (P.: axe): true thep dung d~ tao thanh khop gitra hai bQ phan lien
k~t co th~ chuyen dong.

a capella CY: a capella): 16i hop xirong khong sir dung nhac cu '!~ d~m.
~cco6cd,eong cg ~ccoQcdeong Nam, ~cco6c (P .: accordeon): dan xep,
phong dim.

~cco (P .: accord): 1. Hop am (nhac). 2 . Hop giong va s6 (ngtr phap).

account (A .: account): tai khoan.

11
•
ACCT (P ., viet t~t cua cum til Agence de Cooperation Culturelle et
Technique) : T 6 chirc Hop tac Van h6a va Ky thuat cua cac mroc thuoc
khoi Phap ngir, duoc thanh l?p vao ngay 20 thang 3 nam 1970 (nay d6i
ten th anh OIF).
aeh 1 Nam (P .: adjudant): ngiroi mang c ap bac thuong si' hoac nrong
duong (thai Phap thuoc). Ong ach.
aeh 2 Nam cg at (P.: as): quan bai to nhat trong mot s6cach choi bai Tay.
Ach co; den ro, acli chuong, dch. bich.
acmonlca cg ~emonica Nam (P.: harmonica) : kh<1u earn, mot loai ken
nh6.

iiequy cg iieki Nam (P.: accu): binh dien (xe may, oto... ).
actisd cg ~ctiso Nam, atisd (P.: artichaut): cay rau to , co hoa an duoc,
co n co th ~ dung lam thuoc b6 gan . Tra actiso.
a cse cg :;lese Nam (P. : arc het) : cai vi (c an keo) cu a dan vi earn.

acsenic cg :;lesenie Nam cg asenic (P .: arseniq ue): thach ti n .

iiexit Nam cg axit (P.: ac ide): mroc ctrong toan.
A DB (A., viet t~t c ua cum til Asian Development Bank): Ngan h ang Phat
trien chau A.
add (A. : add) : n hap vao: Cdch. sir dung cdc chuang trin h. nay nit don
gian, chi viec add cdc file can chuyen... (T u6i tre, s6 242, 2008, tr.l1).
Adida (am Han Viet c ua til ti en g Phan Amita bha ): te n cua mot vi Phat,
admin (A. : admini strator): nhan vien q uan tri trang w eb.
ADN (P., viet t~t cua cum til acide desoxyribonucleiquey: chuoi thong tin
di truyen.

12
ADSL (A., vi~t t~t cua cum tir Asymetric Digital Subscriber Line ): diron g
thue bao ky thuat s6 khong d6i xirng, con duoc goi la dirong truyen bang
thong ro ng.
aerobic (P .: aero bic, A.: aerobics): th~ due nhip dieu.
AFC (A ., vi~t t~t cua cum nr Asian Football Confederation ): Li en doan
Bong da chau A.
AFP (P ., vi ~t t~t cua cum tir A gence France-Pressey: Thong t~n xa Phap ,
Phap t~n xa.
AFTA (A., vi~t t~t cua cu m tir ASEAN Free Trade Area): Khu vu e Mau
dich TlJ do ASEAN, la mot hiep dinh thuong mai nr do (Ff A ) da phuong
gifra cac mroc trong kh6i ASEAN, thea do , se thuc hien tien trinh giam
dcln thue quan xuo ng con tir 0 d~n 5 % , loai bo dcln cac hang rao thue
quan d6i voi da s6 cac mat hang.
AIDS (A., vi~t t~t cua cu m tir Acquired I mmunodeficiency S yndrome) :
hQi clurng suy giam h~ mi~n dich.
aikido (Nh .: aikido): hiep khf dao.
airbrush (A.: airbrush) : khuynh huang trang trf bang e ac h phun san tren
cac v~t dung. Lim gio nuri cho airbrush VN (Thanh nien, Thir hai
18/2 /2 00 8).

AK (Nga, vi~t t~t cua cu m nr Aemauam KQJ/auLHuKo6a): mo t loai sung

ti~u lien nr don g do ky sir nguoi N ga ten la M ikhail K alachnik o v thiet k~.

ale h~p ! (P.: All ez ! Hope !) : Di nao !

A level (A.: A level): mire cao: D€ danh tiJn nhung wIn thodi mai voi
nhiing mon a6 a(Jc va cuoc song A level (SVVN, s6 12 1, nam 2008,
tr.18 ).

13
alto (Lat.: alto): giong nu tram (con goi contralto).
Alzheimer (nr ten bac SI ngiroi Dire Alois Alzheimer): benh mat trf nho
& ngiroi 16'0 tu6i .
amato: (P. : amateur): nghiep du, tai nr .
amiang (P.: amiante) : thach rna, mot loai khoang ch~t co dang soi , ch iu
nhiet.
amidan (P.: amygdale): hach & ben trong c6 hong.
amip (P.: amibe): mot loai dong v~t don baa, gay benh ly,
amonB\c (P.: ammoniac): mot loai khf co mui khai (NH3).
arnpe (P .: ampere) : don vi do cirong dQ dong dien .
amphetamin (P.: amphetamine): mot chat gay nghien .
arnpi (A. : ampiciline): mot loai khang sinh.
ampli cg arnli (P.: ampli, amplificateur): bQ khuyech dai am thanh.
ambada (P .: embrayage): b('> Iy hop cua xe hoi, xe gim may dS sang s6
(xe gAn may danh cho nu - nhu Honda dam - dung ambada tv dong).
arnbi khng Nam (P.: ampicilline): mot loai khang sinh.
[ky thuat] analdc (A. : analog, P.: analogue): ky thuat nrong tv, dS phan
biet voi ky thuat s6 (thuat ngfr cua nganh cong nghe truyen thong).
anborn 1 cg anburn (P.: album): t~p anh.
anborn2 cg anburn cg eoburn (P., A.: album): bang nhac, rna nhac cua
mot ca si' hoac nhac si.
ANe (A., viet tAt cua cum tir African National Congress): Dang Dai h('>i
Dan t('>c Phi (Nam Phi).
angdrft (P.: algorithme): thuat toano
angle (P. : anglais): (nguoi, tfnh each ...) Anh.
angk~t cg anket (P.: enquete): ban di~u tra.
angtani khng Nam (P.: en tenue) : each an mac chinh t~ theo phong each
chau Au (ao sorni bo vao quan . . .).
angten (p.: antenne): thiet bi bAt song va tuyen (truyen thanh, truyen hinh...).
Anhdieng (P. : Indien) : nguoi da do & chau My (ngay xua, khi Christophe
Colomb di;it chan len chau My nhung nrong la da cap ben An D('> , vi th~
ho goi ngiroi ban xu la Anhdieng, co nghia la nguai An fJ(j) . '

14
anmana (P.: almanach): sach lich, nien lich.
a n p h a be (P.: alphabet): bang chfr c ai.
anophen (P .: anophele): mu6i don xoc, thirong truyen benh s6t ret.
an8t (P .: anode): dien eire dirong.
ao khng (A. : out): (th~ thao) noi v~ qua bong hoac qua du bay ra khoi
san .
aoxo' (A.: ounce): don vi do hrong trong hrong duoc su dung a cac nuoc
noi tieng Anh. Co 2 loai ounce: khi dtroc dung d~ can cac v~t dung thong
thirong, 1 ounce nrong dirong 28,35 gr; khi duoc dung d~ can kim loai
guy, 1 ounce nrong dirong 31,103 gam (ounce troy).
apacthai (NP.: apartheid): nan phan biet chung tQc a Nam P hi.
apatit (P.: apatite): q uang photphat canxi dung d~ ch~ bi~n phan Ian.
APEC (A., vi~t Hit cua cum til' Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation): T6
chirc hQ'P tac kinh t~ chau A - Thai Binh Duong.
apphe (P .: affaire): buon ban, thuong Y\1. Ch ay dp p he: chay manh,
apphfch (P .: affiche): bfch chuong.
apxanh (P.: absinthe): nrou mui,
apxe (P. : abces): hoai thu, mung mu.
Ar~p cg Ar~p (P. : arabe): th uoc ban dao nam gifra bi~n 80 va v jnh
Pecxfch . Tieng Ar{ip: ngon ngfr cua nhi~u dan tQc s6ng trong vung ban
dao Ar?p va Bilc Phi .
A/s (P.: vi~t tilt cua cum til' Au soin de): Au soin de Monsieur X. : nh o
Ong X . chuyen thir nay (nrong dirong voi tieng Anh la C/o) .
ASA (A., vi~t tilt cua cum til' American Standards Association): don vi do
dQ bilt sang cua phim chup hinh: phim 100 ASA (chuan moi la ISO
5800:1987).
ASCII (A. , vi~t tilt cua cum til' American Standard Code for Information
Interchange): bang rna s6 hoa cua cac k y tu co ban.
ASEAN (A., vi ~t tilt c ua cum til' Association of Southeast Asian Nations) :
Hi ep hQi cac q uoc gia D ong N am A.
ASEM (A., vi ~t tilt cua cum til' Asia Europe Summit): cuoc g~p dp cao
A- Au.
asenic cg acxenfc Nam (A.: arsenic , P .: ars eniq ue) : thach tfn.

15
at cg ach Nam (P.: as): con xi (trong bQ bai Tay). At chu bai.
atisd cg actiso cg ~ctiso Nam (P .: artichaut) : mot loai cay rau to, co hoa
an duoc, con co th~ dung lam thu6c b6 gan . Tra actiso.
ATM (A., vi~t tAt cua cum tit Automatic Teller Machine) : may rut ti~n tu
dong.
atlat (P .: atlas) : t?P ban db (co nguon g6c tit than thoai Hy Lap: Th§.n
Atlat nang dO- vom troi).
atm6tphe (P.: atmosphere): dan vi do ap suk
ATP (A. , vi~t tAt cua cum tit A ssociation of Tennis Professionals): Hiep
hQi quan vot nha nghe quoc t~ .
atphan (A.: asphalt, P.: asphalte) : hAc In, nhira dirong.
atptrln (A.: aspirin, P .: aspirine) : mot loai thuoc giam dau,
AUD (A. , viet Hitcua cum tit Australian Dollar): dola Dc .
AUF (P., vi~t tAt cua cum tit Agence Universitaire de la Francophonie) :
Co quan hop tac Dai hoc cua kh6i Phap ngtr.
AUPELF-UREF (P ., viet tAt cua cum tit Association des Universites
partiellement ou entierement de langue francoise va Universite des
Reseaux d'expression francoise) : Hiep hoi cac tnrong dai hoc sir dung
tieng Phap mot phan hoa c toan phan va Dai hQC cua mang hroi sir dung
tieng Phap, AUPELF diroc thanh l?p nam 1961 tai Dai hoc Montreal
(Canada), quy tu 270 tnrong dai hoc cua 38 quoc gia tren th~ gioi . D~n
nam 1987, t6 chirc nay ghep voi UREF va d~n nam 1998 d6i thanh AUF.
avatar (P.) : tinh ti~t cau chuyen: T. T. T. t6 cao mot blogger nick Tracy an
cap theme va avatar cua co dua vJ blog minh... (TT&VH cu6i tuan, s6
34 nam 2008, tr.6 1).
axeton (P .: acetone): chat long khong mau, d~ chay, d~ bay hoi, dung d~
t§.y hoa ch<1t. Dung axeton ad rna m6ng tay.
axit cg iicxit Nam (P .: acide) : mroc cirong toan o

16
 B
[quan] ba (A ., P .: bar): quan nrou. Gdi ban ba: gai lang cha, gai lam tien.
bac (P. : bague): vong thep dung d~ chong rna sat noi cac true quay trong
dQng co: bac dan, bac thau .

bae (P .: bac, each goi tiit cua nr baccalaureat) : bang ni tai Phap.
biie (P .: bac): pha, do ngang. Biie ca« Tho.
"
. ~ e,
.''1_.. .
.. ; j - ' f. li t I
I '

• ..2 ~
• •• t I .. _ ~ . _·

bac ell (P.: par coup) : (ky thuat tac X~) di~m chi, bin nrng vien mot.
bactidang (P. : partisan): lfnh Ie duong diroc quan dQi thirc dan Phap
tuyen tir cac ruroc chu h<1u (tho; Phap thuoc),
badan (P.: basalte): da mau s§:m co nguon g6c tir mii lira; delt d o.
badir (P .: base): hop chat hoa hoc kh i tac dung voi axft se cho ra mu6i.
Bada biin gidy quy do thanli xanh.
badonnet (P.: baionnette): lu6'i Ie, dao gam.
baduka (P. : bazooka): sung chong chi~n xa earn tay.

17
badoxuy (P.: pardessus): ao khoac ngoai, dai qua g6i.
baga' (P .: bagage): hanh IY.
2
baga cg b6tbaga (P.: porte-bagages): cai deo hang (xe dap).
[xe] bagac (P.: triporteur a bagages): xe cho hanh IY.
bagai (P .: pagaille): nguoi hay sinh Sl,T.

baghet cg baghet (P.: baguette): 1. V~t co hinh que: banb mi baghet. 2.

Que han.
bai (A., P.: byte): dan vi tfnh dung lirong be> nho, gorn 8 bit.
bai bai (A.: bye bye): tarn biet.
[tuocvft] bake (ten nhan hieu hang h6a Parker): tuocvft 4 khfa.
balap (P.: palabres): chuyen tfrm phao,
fda] balat (P. : ballast): da lot tren dtrong rfry xe lira, quanh cac tavet.
bale (P .: ballet): vii kich.
balo (P .: ballot): nii dung mang tren lung.
balong cg banlOng (P.: ballon): qua bong.
[xe] balua Trung (P. : poids lourd): xe tai .
ban! cg banh (P .: balle): qua bong.
ban 2 [xe] (P. : panne): hong hoc.
bancong (P.: balcon): bao Ian.
[gh ~ ] bang! (P.: bane): gh~ dai.
b a n g [dan] (P. : bande): hop ti~p dan.
2

3
b i n g [d ang] (P.: bande de personnes): bon, nhom.
b a n g" [tfrn] (P. : oande): dai tfrn s6 nftm tren Ian song vo tuyen co cung
di;ic di~m (song ngan, song trung binh ...).

18
bangS [tu] (P.: bande magnetique): bang nhua co mot lap nr tren b~ mat
d~ ghi am, ghi hinh.
[nha] bang" (P.: banque): ngan hang.
bangca (P.: brancard): can thirong.

bangdo (P .: bandeau): bang viln d§.u.

[dan] banggio (P .: banjo): mot loai dan g§.n giong voi dan mangdolin .

bangron (P.: banderole): bieu ngtr.

banh 1 Nam cg ban (P.: balle): qua bong.
[nha] banlr' (P.: bagne): nha biet giam (0 Con Dao),
banh [hang] (P.: balle): kien hang. Hang banh : hang diroc dong thanh
kien Ian.
banha (P. : poignard): dao gam.
banhlong cg banlong (P.: ballon): qua bong.
banhto (P.: paletot): ao lanh khoac ngoai,
banner (A. : banner): co hieu, bi~u ngtr, bangron.
barbecue hoac BBQ (A.: barbecue): 1. 10 mrong thit bang than . 2. Thit
mrong 10 than.
harem (P .: bareme): thang diem,
baren (A. : barrel): dan vi do hrong d§.u mo nrong dirong 158 ,987 lft; thung,
barie (P. : barriere): thanh ch~n dirong.

19
barman (A.: barman): ngiroi phuc vu quan ba.
b aroph fch (P. : barre fixe): mon xa dan.

bartender (A. : bartender): nguoi ph a che nrou e6etai trong quan nrou.
baritdng (P .: baryto n) : giong nam trung.
Basedow (tir ten bac SI Karl von B asedow ngiroi Due ): benh cuong giap ,
benh buou e6 1(> nh an .
[dan] bat l (A.: bass, P .: basse): dan giong thap nh<lt trong mot hop am .

G hita bat.
[quan] bae (P. : patte d 'elephant): [q uan] on g loe, mot cua th an h nien
thap nien 1970.

bae (P.: patte): 1. Chan toe a hai thai dirong. H at toe cao nhung ad bat
dai mot chut. 2. Phftn kim loai nho ra khoi mat phang cua mot vat, d~
dfnh v~t khac van: ca i bat nay la ad ztip kfnh chidu hd u.
20
bat" [ph6] (P.: battre Ie pave): dao pho.
bat (P.: bache): ttim vai d~y dung d~ che n an g che mira.
[giay] bata (nhan hieu hang h6a B at a): mot loai giay vai.

Logo cua hang Bata

batang (P.: patente): man bai; giay phep kinh doanh.
[vail batich (P.: batiste): vai gai min, thuong dung d~ may ra giuong.
batket (A., P.: basket) : giay vai d€ nhira.
batong cg batoong, ba ton Nam (P.: baton): g~y.

batrui cg batui (P.: patrouille): lfnh di tu~n.

bavrr khng Nam (P.: bavure): vun sit roi ra sau khi tien mot v~t dung
bang kim loai .
BBC (A., viet tit cua cum tir British Broadcasting Corporation) : Co
quan phat thanh truyen hinh Anh.
[rnau] be (P.: beige): mau xam nhat,
bee [d~u] (P.: bee): voi phun d~u vao buong nen (mot chi ti€t trong may
dieden) : bam bee, chinn bee ddu .
[hot, chuoi] bee (P.: perle): ngoc trai .

beegie cg b~egie Nam (P .: berger): mot gi6ng ch6 chau Au, to con .

21
becmanang (P. : permanent): thirong xuyen, thuong tIVC.
[xe] ben' (P.: benne): xe cho v~t lieu nang (cat, da...), co th~ bo hang
xuong bang each nang mot dc1u thung xe len.
ben 2 (P .: pince): dirong may co tac dung lam cho ao (quan) vira van voi
than hinh cua co the. Nhlin ben: may duong ben .
benden (P.: benzene): hoa chat dung d~ uiy vSt dc1u rna hoac lam chay
cao su o
beni (P.: penicilline): ten mot loai thuoc tru sinh thong dung,
bere (P.: beret): mil mern khong vanh.

best-seller (A. : best-seller): (mat hang) ban chay nhcit.

b~t cg b~t (P.: bete): do, kern.
b~t bat khng Nam (P. : bete): cum til phai sinh cua b~t: ltic nay lam an
bit bat qua!
belong (P .: beton): chc1t lieu lam til xi mang, cat va da, dung d~ xay ceil.
na belong: xay thanh mot kh6i kien c6 (cQt nha, xa nha, mai nha ... ) hoac
mot dQi bong trong chiSn thuat phong ngir.
bi l (P .: bille): 1. Qua cclu bang thuy tinh nho bang dc1u ngon tay, d~ choi
(ban bi). 2. Qua cclu to ca n~m tay nguoi Ion, trong mon bida. 3. Qua cclu
bang thep, nhieu kfch co, dun~ d8 giam rna sat trong cac bQ phan chuyen
dong cua may mac. 4. long Lieu rna niy.
bi 2 (P .: penicilline): mot loai thuoc khang sinh thong dung. Hii bi (Nam):
19 bi dii sir dung, vo duoc dung lam dung cu hru trfr ten cac liet si khi
chon ceit trong chien tnrong: Ten tuJi cua liet sf GU(Yc viit tren mot manti
gidy G/P1g trong hii hi.
22
bi a cg bida Nam (P. : billard): tro choi gom it nhat ba vien bi tron, to
bang nam tay, duoc tong di bang mot chiec gay, goi la Co' .
bia cg lade Nam (P.: la biere): mroc giai khat co nong dQ nrou thap (til 3
_ 5%), diroc ch~ bien til Ilia mach len men, thuong irop huang h6tb6.
biangtin (P. : brillantine): mot loai d:lu dung d~ boi toe cho bong.
[viet] Bic (ten hang hoa): vi~t nguyen til, vi~t bi.
[coc] bleh l (P. : bitte): CQC grm tren tau thuyen hoac tren b~n cang, dung
d~ bUQC day.

bich2 (P .: pique): quan bai co hinh cay giao, cay thuong: at bich ,
A
•

•
VI
bichcup xua (A., P .: pick up) : may hat rna.

23
 bfchcup cv pick up (A., P .: pick up ): xe tai nho, m ui tran .

[banh] bich quy cg [banh] quy (P.: biscuit) : banh tay.

bfchtoong Nam (P.: beton) : gach da thu diroc sau khi nguoi ta pha bo cac
cong trinh xay dung (can diroc goi la xa ban ),
bidong cg , binhtong, cg binhtoong (P.: bidon): binh mroc ca nhan.
[tay] bien cg den, ven Nam (P.: bielle) : thanh truyen hrc (trong dong co
n6) nr pfttong d~n true may, bien chuyen dong toi lui (hoac len xuong)
thanh chuyen dong xoay tron.

~
_1Ioe~-.- ---
~ . JIOltO!-

". .. . . ... .
..
- - ,'

.c. ~-
o
~-

big size (A.: big size) : kh6 to: Trang phuc thuong thdy: ttii xacli big size,
QU611 skinny jeans, do thun va mot ly ca phe take-away (SVVN, s6 121,
nam 2008, tr.I6).

bill (A.: bill): h6a dan : Chat va Yahoo call la phuong phdp him hieu di
giam bill di en thoai (S V V N, s6 121 , nam 2008, tr.I8).
bindinh cg buynhdinh (A .: building): nha cao dng.
bis (Lat. : bis): 1. Them I~n nfra! (tir diroc dung d~ keu len khi muon yeu
d u ca si' hat them mot bai hat) . 2 . (khi hai nha co s6 trung nhau, bis diroc
dung d~ them vao dia c hi cu a n ha tlur hai) nha s6 20bis, duong .. .
bit (A., P .: bit, viet uit cua cac tir binary digit) : dan vi c o ban cua thong
tin h~ nhi phan (hoac 0 hoac 1) .
bilc6t (P.: biscotte): banh mi say,
bitt~t (P. : bifteck, A. : beefsteak) : thit bo ap chao.

24
b ittdn g cg p itto n g (P .: piston): chi ti~t may nb dung d~ nen heln hop khf
tnroc khi tien han h viec d6t trong. n bong: th~ hrc . Co bittong manh.
bittoong (P. : beton): x bichtoong.
Big Bang (A. : Bi g B ang): vu nb Ian (ly thuyet v~ viec hinh thanh vii tru) .
bikini (ten mot q uan dao san ho th uoc My): ao tarn hai manh cua phu nir ,
Ic1n dc1u diroc nha thi et k~ P hap Louis Reard tu ng ra vao ngay 5 thang 7
nam 1946 do Micheli ne Bern ardin i tri n h dien . N ha thiet k~ d~t ten cho
kieu ao tiim nay la bikini d~ am chi rang no se gay ra mot vu bung nb nhu
vu thir born hat nhan tai dao san ho cung ten vao ngay 1 thang 7 nam
1946 .
biogas (A .: biogas), biogaz (P .: biogaz): khf sinh hoc .
blBc cg IBc (P .: bloc): khoi . Ljch bZtJc: lich gom 365 to, meli ngay ga mot
ta.
blo g (A ., gh ep nr hai tir web va log) : nhat k y tr en mang.
blogger (A. : blogger) : ngu oi lam c hu mot trang nhat ky tren mang.
blu (P .: blouse): ao choang dai (cua bac sl, y ta va nhan vien phong th f
ngh iem ).
bludong (P .: blouson) : ao kh oac n gan g that lung.
blue-chip (A .: blue-chip): loai c6 phieu dang tang tnrong (diroc hien thj
tren bang dien nr bang cac bong den dien nr mau xanh).
blues (A. : blues) : mot dieu nhac cua My.
bluetooth (A. : bluetooth): each ket n6i thiet bi dien tir nhir dien thoai di
dong khong ccln day.
BMW (D., vi~t tiit cua cum nr Bayerische Motoren Werke) : mot hieu xe
a to n6i tieng cua Dire.

Logo cua hang xe BMW

B~P (P ., vi~t tiit cua cum nr Banque Nationale de Paris) : Ngan hang
quoc gia Paris, ten mot ngan hang Ian cua Phap.

25
bo l [mach] (A .: board): m ach dien nr nam tren m ot tfim co m posite .
bo2 (P .: bord): vanh : bo non.
bo3 eg bUQcboa, boa (P.: pourboire): tien .tra mroc.
bo l [trai] (P.: beau): dep.
bo 2 (P.: pot): 1. chau dung chfit thai cu a nguoi : bo V? sinh. 2. Thung chua
di[j.t tren via he : bo rae. '
bo' (P .: beurre): chat ben diroc che biSn til sua boo
boa eg bo (P.: pourboire): ti~n tra mroc.
bobin (P.: bobine): cuon (chi, dien) , Bobin stron : bobin dien g~n a siron
xe g~n may dung d~ danh lira bugi .
bobo eg hobo eg obo (P.: hors-bord): tau cao t6c nho, gan dQng co ben
ngoai, phfa sau duoi tau.

[bia] bAc i (P .: bock): bia hoi , bia ban tirng ly .

[danh] bAc 2 (P.: boxe) eg boxing (A.: boxing): quyen Anh .
boc baga eg baga (P. : porte-bagages): cai deo hang.
b A dao (am Han Viet cua til tieng B6 Dao Nha porto) : mot loai nrou nho
n6 i tieng thS gioi cua B6 Dao Nha, du nhap van Trung Quoc va Dong
Nam A van khoang thS ki XV-XVI, co dQ c6n khoang 18%. Vao thai fiy,
cac thirong thuyen cho nrou vang do di xa lam mat pham chat, nen ngiroi
ta ben nghi ra each pha them nrou manh, va vo tinh co them mot loai
nrou rna ngiroi Trung Quoc goi la mi tim. Til nay con luu lai trong bai
tho Luang Chdu Tie cua Vuong Han :
B6 dao mi tiiu da quang boi
Du e d m ti ba md thuong thai
Tuy ngoa sa truong qudn mac win
cd la i ehinh ehdn ki nhdn h6i.

26
 Ly ruou b6 dao
bode (P.: broder): theu.
b8 d~ (am Han Viet cu a tir tieng P han bodhi): mot loai cay thuong diroc
trong a chua.
bod. (A.: body): th~ hi nh.
b8~t cg bu~t (P.: brouette): xe cut kit.

bolero (P. : bolero, Tbn: bolero): dieu rmia tren nen nhac 3 nhip, co
nguo n g6c nr Tay Ban Nha nr th~ ky 17.
born [dan] (P .: bombe): vii khf n6 diroc tha tir may bay xuong muc tieu
dum dk
born (P.: pomme): trai tao.
[may] b om! (P .: pompe): dung cu dung d~ dira mot ch:1t long tir thap len
cao (nhu may bom mroc) hoac ch:1t khf nr moi tnrong nr nhien van mot
buong kin co ap xu:1t cao.
bom2 (P.: pomper): 1. Tong ch:1t khf tir ngoai van buong kfn (bom banh
xe), hoac chat long tir dum len tren (bom mroc van ruong). 2. BO'm tiin :
tung ti~n ra luu thong d~ di~u chinh n~n kinh t~.
bombe cg b u mbe (P. : bombe): kieu toe cftt ngan ngang vanh tai.
born bi (p.: bombe a billes): born khi n6 tach ra thanh nhieu qua born nho.
Bon: x Bonse vfch .
bon bon cv boong b oon g cg Ion bon (Thai: lon g-kong): mot loai cay an
trai co ten khoa hoc la Lansium domesticum, duoc vua nha Nguyen di.it
27
ten Hi Nam tran (cua quy cua plnrong Nam) vi la loai trai cay tien vua . Co
nguon g6c nr M a Lai, Thai L an, diroc trong nhieu a vu ng do ng bing so ng
Ciru Long (nh~t la a tinh B~n Tre) va tinh Quang N am .

Cay va trai bon bon

bong (P .: bon) : 1. Tern phieu. 2. Ban in thir.
bong mo (P: point mort): s6 khong (x e gan m a y, xe hoi ...).
bonsai (Nh .): kieng ep.
Bonsevich (Nga: 60JIhlIIe BHK): (pile each m ang thuoc dang da s6; nghich
nghia ta mensevich ) each m ang .
bonus track (A .: bonus track): b ai hat tang them (trong mot CD).
boocdo 1 cg bOQcdo (Nam) (P.: bordeaux): nrou chat, nrou vang do .
boocdo 2 cg bOQcdo (Nam) cg do (P.: bordeaux): mau do cua nrou vang.
Mau do do.
boomerang (A. : boomerang): mot loai vu khf cua dan ban dia chau Dc
dung trong san ban , co di;ic di~m la no thuong quay tro lai tay ngiroi sir
dung sau khi duoc nern d i.

boong [tau] (P. : pont): san tau 1(> thien.

boongke (D., P. : bunker): cong su kien c6.
bop (P .: porte-feuille): vf dung tiSn va gi~y to.

28
BOT (A., vi~t tilt cua cum tir B uild - Operate - Transfer): Xay dung -
Khai thac - Chuyen giao , phu ong thirc hop tac ph 6 bien trong xay dung.
bot I Trung (P.: brosse): ban chai danh rang hoac ban chai cha chan .
bot2 Nam cg b6t [d6n] (P.: poste militaire): d6n Ifnh.
boe (P.: porte-cigarette): cai d6t du ng d~ hut thuoc dieu.
b6t (P.: botte): giay 6ng, giay cao c6.
bat dO' xo (P.: botte de saut): gi§'y da c6 cao (lfnh nhay du thirong mang).
b8tat (am Han Viet cua nr tieng Phan bodhisatha): ngiroi cao dao (Phat giao),
b8t~t (P .: potasse): muoi kal i .
bowling (A .: bowling): mon th~ thao dung m ot ban tay nern mot qua cau
silt d~ xo nga cang n hi~u con ki cang t6t.

boxing (A .: boxing) cg [danh] b 6c (P.: boxe): q uyen Anh.

boxit (P. : bauxite): quang kim loai rnau , chua ham hrong nhom cao.
boysband cv boyba nd (A. : boysband): nh6m hop ca nam.
[chir] Brai (P., tir ten rieng Louis Braille 1809-1852): chir n6i danh cho
nguoi khi~m thi.
brandy (A. , P.: brandy): nrou manh lam nr nho thea each cua ngiroi Anh.
Brent (A., vi~t tilt cua cac ten gian khoan ngoai khoi Aberdeen : Broom,
Rannock, Etive, N ess et Tarbert) : d§.u tho bien Bilc, thuong duoc l§'y lam
chu~n d~ dinh gia gia d§.u hoa tren th~ gioi .
broker (A.: broker): nguoi moi gioi chirng khoan.
brom (P.: brome): a kim long, ky hieu la Br.
buc [vel (A .: book): d~t ve (cho) truce .
[xe] bu~t cg b8~t (P .: brouette): xe cut kft.
[tiec] buffet (P.: buffet): tiec dirng, khach tv chon m6n an .
bugi (P.: bougie [electriquej): nen dien (cua dong co d6t trong) .
29
buli (P.: poulie): rang roc, ro reo
b u lo n g cg buloong Nam (P.: boulon): dinh 6e.
bumbe cg bornbe (P .: bornbe): ki~u toe eitt ngan ngang vanh tai.
[tu] biipphe khng Nam cg buypphe (P.: buffet): tu ly.
bungalo (A., P .: bungalow): nha g6 tret, xung quanh co hanh lang.

bung binh (p.: rand point): giao Ie) cua nhieu con duong co yang xoay & giira.
bungee (A.: bungee): kieu nhay ill tren eao xuong, chan co buoc day dan hoi,

b ii p b e (P .: po upee) : d6 choi cua tre con co hinh dang em be.

buynhdinh cg bindinh (A.: building): nha eao t:1ng.
b u y r o (P.: bureau): 1. V a n phong. 2. Ban lam viec : him buyro.
b u yt cg 0 to buyt (P.: b us): xe c ho khach trong thanh pho.
by te cg bai (A. : b yte): dan vi tfnh dung hrong be) nho, gom 8 bit.

30
 c
[xe] cal (P.: car) : xe khach .
ca2 (P .: cas) : tnrong hop. Ca benh.
ca3 (P.: quart): dung cu dung mroc (thirong la '41ft): ca nuoc.
ca" [lam, tnrc] (P .: quart): phien.
cabin (P.: cabine): buong lai, buong dien thoai .
cac cg cac Nam (P.: carte): the.
cacao (P.): mot loai cay cho hat dung d~ ch~ bien thanh socola.
cacbin cg cacbln Nam (A.: carbine, P .: carabine): sung tnrong ban tv
dong va tv dong.

cacbon cg cacbon Nam (P. : carbone): chat than, gi~y than (d~ danh may
thanh nhi~u ban).
cacbonat cg cacbonat (P: carbonate): mu6i cua axit cacbonfc .
cacbonfc cg cacbdnfc Nam (P. : carbonique): than khf.
cacdang (P ., til' ten rieng Cardan): khop n6i dung d~ thay d6i g6c lech
cua hai thanh truyen lire khi chung dang chuyen dong xoay tron.

31
[bail cachte (P.: ecarte): mot kiSu choi bai tay,
cacnavan (P.: camaval): hQi hoa trang.
cactap cg cactap Nam (P.: cartable): cap da, cap dung t~p vo, h6 sa (dS
di hoc , di lam ...).
cacte cg cacte (P.: carter): 1. Cai chan xfch. 2. Cai nap che chan dong ca.
cacten (P.: cartel): lien minh cac xf nghiep.
cactdng cg cactdng Nam (P.: carton): giay b6i, dung dS lam thung gifiy
dung hang h6a.
cactiit cg cactut Nam cg nit (P.: cartouche): 1. Cay thu6c (10 goi thu6c
la). 2 . VO dan, iti.
cacvet cg cavet khng Nam (P.: carte verte): the chu quyen xe.
cacvidit cg cacvidit khng Nam (P.: carte de visite): danh thiep.
CADI (A., vi~t tiit cua cum til Canadian dollar): dola Canada.
CAD2 (A., viet tiit cua cum til Computer-Assisted Design) : ky thuat thiet
k~ diroc may tfnh tro giup.
calo (P.: calorie): dan vi do nhiet luong.
calO (P.: calot): mii chao mao.

[c6t] cam (P.: came): bQ phan ky thuat nhiim dieu khiSn sir dong va rna
cac xupap cho phu hop voi cac chu ky cua may n6 .

[ong] dm (P. : commissaire): uy vien canh sat diroi ch~ dQ Phap thuoc.

32
camen cg gaomen Nam (P.: gameIle): cap 16ng.
camera (A.: camera), (P.: camera): 6ng kfnh thu hinh.
cameraman (A.: cameraman): nguoi quay phim.
camnhong (P .: camion): xe tai.
can! (P .: canne): g?y ngan.
carr' (P.: calque): d6 lai, rna phong lai.
carr' (A., P. : jerrycan, jerricane): 1. Thung silt day chfr nhat, dung tfch
khoang 201ft, thuong diroc trang bi cho cac xe quan sir. 2. Cac loai dung
cu dung d~ chua chclt long co hinh dang nrong nr hoac hinh tru.

ding (P. : camp): trai (lfnh, tu ... ). Cang Cay Dim (Phu Quoc).
cangtin cv cantin (P.: cantine): quan an trong nha may, tnrong hoc . . .
canke (P. : calcaire): chat voi dong 6 day clm dun mroc, 6 chan rang.
canke (P .: calquer): d6 lai, rna phong lai.
canhkina (P.: quinquina) : cay moe 6 Nam My, co chat kf ninh dung d~
tri s6t ret.
cand (P.: canot): thuyen cao t6c.

canoeing (A. : canoeing): man th~ thao boi thuyen nhe bang g6, dung mai
dftm don (mot dftu boi), co th~ choi voi 1, 2 hoac 4 van dong vien tren
mot thuyen (6 Canada, nguoi ta co th~ choi voi 15 v?n dong vien).

33
canong cg canhnong khng Nam (P.: canon): sung dai bac.
canxi (P.: calcium): chat voi ,
caobdi (A.: cowboy): nguoi co hanh vi ngang ngiroc. Caoboi vuon :
thanh nien nong thon hoc thoi ngang ngiroc cua thanh nien du con thanh
thi.
caolanh (P. : kaolin): d:1t set trang.
caosu (P .: caoutchouc): 1. MQt loai cay vung nhiet doi, co nhua diroc che
bi~n thanh ch:1t deo dung trong nhi8u nganh cong nghiep, 2 . Chat lieu ch~
bi~n nr nhua cay caosu.
cap (P .: cable): day chao. TruyJn hinh cap : truyen hinh truyen tin hieu
bang duong day cap.
caphe (P. : cafe): mot loai thirc uong diroc ch~ bien nr hat cua cay caphe.
caphein (P .: cafeine): chat kfch thfch co trong caphe.
capo (P .: capot): n~p khoang may cua xe hoi .
cap8t (P .: capote [anglaise]): bao cao su ngira thai.
qpdng (P .: caporal): ngiroi quan Iy mot kip tho, mot phan xuong.
capsule (A., P .: capsule) : vien nang, vien con nhong. Nha may capsule
Vlnh Long.
cara (P .: carat): 1. don vi do trong luong cua da quy (l carat = 0,2 g). 2 .
don vi xac dinh ti I~ cua vang trong hop kim (l carat = 1/24 vang rang
trong mot hop kim) .
cara(P.: carat): nh&n ceo tay.
care (P .: carre): hinh vuong. Toe h61 care: toe diroc hat th~t cao, nhu
trong quan dQi.
carem cg kern [que] (P .: creme): mot loai mon an giai khat, diroc dong
cirng nhu mroc da, co que nhua hoac g6 dS dm.
car! (P .: cari): bot mau vang, dung dS ch~ bi~n thirc an co cung ten .
34
carf (P.: carreau): 0 vuong. ..4o card: ao co ke 0 vuong.
carom (A., P.: carrorn): bi da kiSu An , pht> bien a nhieu mroc chau A.

ca r At (P .: carotte): cu cai do.

caroten (P .: carotene): s~c t6 do.
cashier (A.: cashier): nhan vien tim ngan: cac ban co thi lien h¢ voi nhdn
vien cashier tai cdc shop thai trang ai dirac luu ten vao s6 khdch hanh.
(SVVN, s6 121, nam 2008, tr.16).
casino (P .: casino): song bac ,
casting (A. : casting): thir vai d~ chon di~n vien cho mot phirn hoac mot
SlJ kien san khau: 30 nguoi mdu d u a c chon sau bu6i casting ail chu6n bi
san sang cho 4 man trtnli diin tha i trang a(lc sac nhdt (SVVN, s6 121 ,
2008, tr .6).
cat (P.: casque): rna coi.
ca talo (P .: catalogue): danh muc hang hoa.
ca tca d o (P.: cascadeur): di~n vien thS vai.
catket cg k~t Nam (P .: casquette): rna luOi trai .
catAt (P .: cathode): dien C1JC am.
ca ts e (P .: cachet): ti~n thu lao (ella ca si, di~n vien ...).
catxet (P.: cassette): bang (tieng, hinh).
catwa lk (A.: catwalk): san di~n thai trang.
ca v:,t cg cavat, cravat (P.: cravate): bang viii kSt act> , buong x uong
tnr oc ngirc, ngoai ao sorni, thuong dung khi mac comle.
caur u t (P .: cru cifix): gia g6, noi chua Jesus bi dong dinh.
cave cg con ve khng sac (P.: cavaliere): gai nhay, gai lang choi .
cc (P., viSt t~t cua cum nr centimetre cube): phan khoi.
CD (A. , viSt t~t cua cum tir Compact Disc) : rna tieng.

35
CD-ROM (A., vi~t uit c ua c um til Co mpact Disc - Read Only Memory):
ilia dfr lieu, chi diroc dQC rna thai.
CEGEP (P., vi~t t11t c ua cum til Co llege d'enseignement general et
professionnely: Truong Cao diin g (0 Can ad a vung noi tieng Phap),
cent (A.: cent): dan v j ti~n t~ cua My, bang 1/ 100 dola. MQt xu.
CEO (A : vi~t t11t cua c um til Chief Ex ecutive Officer) : giam d6c di~u
hanh .
CFC (A ., P., viet Uit cua til ghep Chlorofluorocarbone): chat khf gay ton
hai t<1ng odon (thuong dung trong ky nghe lanh).
CFO (A., vi~t uit cua cum til Chief Financial Officer) : giam d6c tai
chfnh.
CH (P. , vi~t t11t cua cum til Confederation helvetiquey: Lien bang T hu y
S'1.
challenger (A.: challenger): ngiroi thach thirc.
changxe cg Hingse (P.: tranchee): h<1m tni ~n.
chat (A: chat): tan gfiu (tren mang) .
chat room (A : chat room): phong tan gfiu tren mang.
Chava (Indo. : Java) : nguoi goc Java (hoac duoc nrong nham la nhir V?Y)
dinh cir 0 Nam bo,
check-in (A : check-in): dat ch6 (khach san).
chewing-gum cg singum cg gum (A : chewing-gum) : keo caosu.
CHF (P., vi~t t11t cua cum til fran c de la Confederation helvetique, thea
rna ISO 4217) : d6ng franc Th\lY S'1.
chip (A: chip) : con rep dien nr.
cholesterol (A: cholesterol, P.: cholesterol): loai dfin xufrt beo co trong
t~ bao dong vat, mat, huyet cau, mang t~ bao, huyet nrong, v.v ., Ia mot
trong nhirng nguyen nhan cua chtrng xo vira dong mach.
CIA (A , vi~t t11t cua cum til Central Intelligence Agency): Co quan Tinh
bao Trung irong Hoa Ky.
CIF l (A , vi~t t11t cua cac til Cost + Insurance + Freight): gia ban hang
giao t?n noi, bao g6m moi chi phf, k~ ca bao hiem.
CIF 2 (A ., vi~t t11t cua cum til Customer Information File): phieu thong tin
v~ khach hang (co tai khoan trong mot ngan hang).

36
 ,..
c1anhke cg clinke (P.: clinker): da voi sa ch~ dung d~ lam xirnang.
clarinet (P.: clarinette): m ot loai ken Tay.

~,
/
claymore (A., ten d:1y du la M18Al Claymore antipersonnel Mine) : min
dinh hirong cua My dung trong chi~n tranh Viet N am (con duoc goi la
min chong ca nhan) ,

clip (A., P .) cg video clip (A.: video clip) : doan bang hinh, dung d~
quang cao hoac minh hoa cho mot bai hat.
c10 (P. : chlore): mot loai khf, ky hieu hoa hoc la Cl.
cloning (A. : cloning) : sinh san vo tfnh .
em (P., vi~t ti1t cua nr ghep centim etre ): mot phan tram met, mot phan .
c/o l (A., vi~t Hit cua cum nr care of): qua trung gian cua X . (khi nho X .
chuyen thir d~n ngiroi nhan).
c/o 2 (A. , vi~t t~t cua cum nr Certificate of Origin) : giay clurng nhan xU:lt
xu hang hoa.
[ken] col (P.: cor): mot loai ken co th~ duoc sir dung khi d i san (c h au A u)
hoac trong mot dan nhac .

co 2 (P.: corps): th~ hinh, dang dap ca th~ : eo veri co g i kinh th i!

37
co3 [chfr] (P .: corps): co chfr.
COl [canh sat] Nam (P,: commissaire): uy vien canh sat.
[tien] Co2 cg com (P .: commission): ti~n hue hong, ti~n phan tram.
[thay] co3 (P .: correcteur): ngiroi sua bai a nha in.
co' (P.: coeur) : [hinh] qua tim. At ca.
c.; [bida] (P. : queue) : g~y dung d~ tong qua bi trong mon bida. Tren ca
thng: co trinh dQ cao hon d6i thu.
coban (P .: cobalt): kim loai mau trang sang, ky hieu hoa hoc la Co.
[than] d~Cl (P .: coke): than tinh luyen.
cac2 (nr ten rieng cua hac sl nguoi Dire R. Koch, nguoi phat hien ra vi
trung lao) : vi trung benh lao (thuong duoc viSt t~t la BK, bacille de
Koch) .
coca (Tbn .: coca): mot loai cay a Nam My, la co chua chat cocain.
cocain (P .: cocaine) : mot loai ch~t gay nghien, rna niy, chiet xu~t nr la
cay coca.
cocktail (A., P. : cocktail) tiec dimg.
cactai (P .: cocktail): mroc uong trai cay (nguoi phuong Tay thuong them
mot It fU<;YU manh vao),
cac~i MOiotap (P .: cocktail Molotov): born nr tao bang chai chua dcly
xang.
cArle (P .: collier): 1. Dung cu dung d~ c6 dinh mot khop n6i hoac mot bQ
phan CCY khf hinh tru, 2 . Thanh s~t diroc u6n thanh hinh vuong hoac chfr
nhat, dung d~ kSt thanh l6 i xay cot betong c6t thep.

c(yle (P .: cle [a ecrouj ): chia khoa v~n 6c .

coletteron ; x cholesterol.
Colt cg con cg cun [dui] khng Nam (A. , nr ten ngtroi sang chS Samuel
Colt): sung ngan.
38
[tien] com cg co (P.: commission): ti~n hue h6ng, ti~n phan tram.
combin cg combin khng Nam (P. : combine): moe ngoac (d~ gian Ian) :
mot s6 cdu thu cua hai a9i ali combin voi nhau r6if.
comle (P .: complet): be> ao vet quan tay.
comma n g cg commang (P. : commande): d~t hang.
comman gca (P. : commande-car): xe quan SlJ nho, danh c ho chi huy.
comman g d o (P.: commando): lfnh biet kfch.
commen t (A.: comment): loi binh : Comment cua Minh Thuy sau khi tro
chuyen bit miit (SVVN, s6 121, nam 2008, tr.24).
commot (P.: commode): tu co nhi~u ngan keo.
compa (P .: compas) : dung cu dung d~ ve hinh tron . .
compac (P .: compact): [dia] nen.
compodlt (P .: composite): nhua t6ng hop.
computo' (A.: computer): may tfnh ca nhan.
conI (P .: cone): 1. Con tan hinh chop cut nam trong dum xe dap (moayo)
hoac a pedan d~ di~u chinh de> ro cua 6 bi . 2 . Hinh con : hinh chop cut.

con2 cg cun [dui] khng: x C olt.

c6 n l (P .: alcool) : chat men trong nrou.
2
[c6] c6n (P .: co l): c6 cirng cua ao sorni . eli can triing (dich til tieng
Phap col blanc ): gi oi cong chirc, nhan vi en van phong.
concours cg co n gcu a (P. : concours): c uoc thi tuyen, tuyen chon :
Concours M ua Thu.
39
condom (A ., P.: condom) : bao caosu: ... toi nghi, cdc co nang cling nen
bo condom vao vi cua chinli minh (SVVN, sf> 121, nam 2008, tr.4).
congphetti (P.: confetti): nhfmg manh giay nho dung d~ tung len trong
ngay hoi, nhu hoa giay.
congtiic (P .: contact): bQ phan dong va rna mach dien ,
cBnghip (P .: comptable): nhan vien k~ toano
congtenno- (A. : container): thung dung hang xuc1t kh~u (thuong co 2 loai:
loai dai 20 feet va loai 40 feet) .
congto (P.: compteur): dong h6 dien, mroc ...
congtcgut (P: compte-gouttes): cai d~m giot,
cfmgtomet (compte-metres): d6ng h6 do doan dirong da di chuyen (xe
gim may, xe hoi. ..).
cdngvoa (P.: convoi): doan xe hQ tf>ng.
cfmgxe (P.: concert): 1. Bu6i hoa nhac. 2. Bu6i ca nhac.
congxectd (P. : concerto): ban giao huang.
congxl (P.: compagnie): cong ty. RU'(JU ctingxi: nrou do cong ty dQc
quyen cua thirc dan Phap kinh doanh.
congxoocxtom (A., P.: consortium): lien minh mot sf> nha san xuat, kinh
doanh.
conhiic (P.: cognac): mot loai nrou manh cua Phap, co nguon goc nr
vung Cognac, duoc chung ceit nr ba nho.
connech (A.: connex box): thung slit to, dung d~ tai hang.
contact (A.: contact): tiep xuc : ban co tid contact vai cdc cua hang
online hodc cdc shop co web (SVVN, sf> 121, nam 2008 , tr.18) .
contrebasse cg contrabat, cfmgbat (P.: contrebasse): dai h6 cam.
~
~-.

40
coocne (P .: corner): da phat g6c (b6ng da),
coocxe (P.: corset): ao 16t phu ntr.
cool (A. ): d~ men , d~ chiu : Cac ctca hang c6 nhiing na m ban hang dl
thuong, ngot xot va thdt cool (SVVN, s6 121, narn 2008 , tr.13).
[quay] cop cg cQP cg copde khng Nam (P.: copier) : c hep bai cua nhau
(trong thi cir).
[eoi] cQP (P.: copier) : xem hat (doc sach ... ) rna khong t6n ti ~n : Nhi~u tre
em doc sdcn c9P trong nha sdch,
c&p [xe] (P .: coffre) : thung xe.
cop~ch (Nga: xorreiixa): don vi tien t~ nho nh<1t cua Nga, bang 1/100 nip.
c&ppha cg c&tpha khng Bdc (P .: coffrage) : van dung dS lam khuon due
betong. .
cos cg cosin (P .: cosinus) : (toan) mot ham s6 Itrong giac.
cot (P. : corde): day c6t (day thieu d6ng h6). Len day cot nb6ng : dong
vien tinh th&n.
c&t (P. : code): rna s6, mat rna.
[den] c&e (P.: code): den pha cirong do nho (duoc dung khi hai xe cha y
ngirocchieu gi;ip nhau).
c&e [nen] (P.: cote) : cao trinh.
cota (P .: quota): chi tieu, han ngach (xuat, nhap khau) .
cotang (P. : cotangente): (toan) mot ham s6 luong giac .
c&t1~t (P. : cotelette): mieng thit siron tren song lung.
cotong (P.: coton, A.: cotton) : bong dS se soi ,
country (A.: country): nhac d6ng que.
coupon (P.: coupon): phieu: luon cdt co up on giam gid c ua Tap chi cho
vao vi phong khi cdn (SVVN, s6 121, nam 2008 , tr.18).
[dau] cove cg ve (P. : haricot vert) : d?u Hoa Lan .
cove (P.: c o rvee ): lam lao dong kh6 sal.
cover (A. : cover) : hat lai (mot bai hat thinh hanh tnroc d6 voi giong hat
cua mot ca sl' khac ).
CPI (A., vi~t tit c ua cum til Consum e r Price Index ): c hi s6 gia tie u dung.

41
CPU (A., viet tiit cua cum nr Central Processing Unit) : don vi xu ly
trung tam (cua may vi tfnh).
cricket (A. : cricket): da cftu (man th~ thao rAt thinh hanh 6 cac ruroc
thuoc dia Cll cua Anh).

crorn (P. : chrome): mot loai kim loai trang, kho nong chay.
ell (P.: coup): v6 .
cua' [gail (P.: faire la cour) : tan gai, gheo gai .
cua2 (P .: cours) : khoa hoc, lap hoc . Cup eua: bo tiet, bo gio hoc .
cua3(p .: cou rt) : ngan 'ic hui
!.. : toe Ul cua.

cuaro' (P .: coureur): v~n dong vien xe dap, tay dua.

cuidia (P .: cuillere): muong, thia.
culac (Nga: KyJIaK): phu nang Nga (du m thai Xa hoang).
culat Nam cg quylat (P.: culasse): 1. Cai khoa nang sling. 2. Nap d~y
buong d6t trong cua dQng co n6.

1. Kh od nang sung 2. Nap d4y buong ddt cua d(ing ca

culi (P. : coolie): phu phen.
culong (tir ten nha v~t ly nguoi Phap Ch. de Coulomb 1736-1806) : don
vi do dien IUQ11g.
~ ,
cuoc (P.: course): chuyen (xe) .
[xe] cUQc Nam (P .: course): xe dap dua.

42
cup! (ten hang hoa Cub): mot loai xe gim may cua Nhat: chiic Cup cdnli
en nay ali cii qua roi.
Cup2 (P.: coupe): phan thuong danh cho ca nhan hoac dQi dirng dAu trong
mot cuoc thi dclu th~ thao: Cup VD dicli quae gia.
CUp3 [cat] (P.: coupe) : cat: duong cup rdt kheo ,
cup [dien] (P. : couper) : dt dien.
ciippe (P.: coupe): xe hoi co hai cira va b6n ch6 ngoi.

crippong (P .: coupon): phieu.

curoa cg cuaroa (P.: courroie): day tran, day lam bang da hoac bang chclt
lieu t6ng hop, thuong "du q c dung trong may moe d~ truyen lire (may may,
may phat dien... ).
curon (P.: couronne): dan vi ti~n t~ ella mot s6 mroc B~c Au.
[giay] cutse (P.: couche): gicly lang.
cv' (P., vi~t t~t cua cac tir chevaux-vapeur): dan vi do cong suat dong
co: md lice, ngua.
Cy2 (A ., P ., vi~t t~t cua cum nr curriculum vitae): sa y~u ly lich .

43
 o
dambong cv giambdng (P.: jambon): thit nguoi.
database (A.: database): co sa du lieu.
da ua (P.: yaourt): sua chua.
DC (A., vi~t t~t cua cum nr Direct Current) : dong dien mot chi~u.
de khng Nam (P. : arriere): 1. St5 de: s6 chay lui. 2. De xe : cho xe chay lui.
DDT (A ., P ., vi~t t~t cua tir Dichloro-Diphenyl-Trichloroethane): mot
loai thuoc diet con trung.
DEA (P.: vi~t t~t cua cum tir Diplome d'Etudes Approjondies): bang
Nghien ctru chuyen stiu nitm trong h~ thong dao tao cua Phap, tren bang
Maitrise va diroi bang Ti~n si' (nr 2005 d~n nay d6i thanh Master thea
thoa iroc Bologne ky k~t gitra cac quoc gia thuoc Cong d6ng chau Au).
DEA (A., vi~t t~t cua cum nr Drug Enforcement Agency): Co quan phong
chong rna tuy (Hoa KY).
dem (P.: dixieme): dan vi do dO dc1y, bang mot phan rmroi milimet: ton 5
dem o
dem khng Nam (P .: h?u t6 -ierne): hung bet dem : thir hang nit thap.
den Nam cg yen, bien (P .: bielle): thanh truyen lire nr pfttong d~n true
may tro n g dong c o n6 .
derby (A .: derby): tran d~u thS th ao c ua hai d6i thu cung dia phuong.
d ero (P .: ze ro): s6 k hong.
design (A. : design ): th iet k~ m~u.
d esktop (A .: desktop): may tfnh dS b an : ... chi rieng khoan nay thi lap d u
su e dt5n guc desktop ng6i i mot cluj r6i (HHT, s6 7 65 , nam 2008 , tr.l 0) .
[tui] d~t (P .: musette): tay nai,

44
DFB (Dire, vi~t tiit cua cum tir Deutscher Fuj3ball-Bund) : Lien doan
bong da Dire.
[hinh] dichd ac (P .: zigzag): hinh chtr chi.
dichlO', (P.: gicleur): 6c vit di~u chinh IUQTIg xang vao be> ch~ hoa khf cua
may no .
Digan (Hy: nr A8iyyuvo<; cho ra nhi~u each goi trong cac ngon ngtr
khac & chau Au: P .: Tsigane, Dire: Zigeuner, Y: Zingaro, Nga: Llsrrane,
Hungari : Cigany . . .): chung nguoi song du cir & nhi~u mroc chau Au .
digital (A ., P .: digital): ky thuat s6 .
din khng Nam (P .: origine) : moi nguyen, chua qua sir dung.
dinhte Bdc (P .: rentrer) : bo hang ngii khang chi~n chong Phap de ve
thanh pho.
diva (A., P .: diva) : nil danh ca.
DJ (A., viet t~t cua cum nr Disc Jockey) : nguoi di~u khien viec chon
nhac va chinh am trong vii tnrong.

DMZ (A ., vi~t t~t cua cum nr Demilitarized Zone) : khu phi quan SIJ.
DNA (A ., vi~t t~t cua cum nr tieng Anh Desoxy-ribonu cleic Acid): chuoi
thong tin di truyen.
doa Bdc (P .: alesoir): xoay: doa xylanh .
don cg layon (P. : glaieul): mot loai hoa hue do.

doping (A .: doping) : sir dung thu6c kfch thfch co' bap khi cheri the thao.
45
DOS (A., viSt t~t cua cum tir Disk Operating System): h~ di~u hanh (may
vi tfnh).
download cg dao khng (A.: download): tai xuong, tai v~ (tir Internet).
du gia (am Han Viet cua nr tieng Phan yoga): thien.
duyp (P .: jupe): yay.
DVD (A., viSt t~t cua cum nr Digital Video Disc): dla hinh ky thuat s6.

46
 D
dicco (P.: d'accord): d6ng y.
dai khng (A.: die): chet.
dam khng (P.: dame): phu nfr. X e Honda dam : xe Honda danh cho phu mr.
dAm (P. : dame): phu nir: do adm, ninli adm. Quiin adm (trong bai Tay).
dAm (P.: dame): dung cu dung d~ nen dllt. Dam dOt: dung d~m d~ n~n dlh
cho chat.
dan (P .: dalle): tc1m lot duong.
dangten (P.: dentelle): hang theu reno
dao khng (A. : download) : tai xuong (tir mang Internet).
[hoi chirng] dao (A. , nr ten bac sf ngiroi Anh John Langdon Down, 1828
- 1896) : hQi chirng thieu nang trf nao.
dat (P. : date): han (su dung): thu6c qua dat, thuc phdm qua ddt .
de (P.: de): 1. Vat dung d~ boc d~u ngon tay khi theu thua. 2. Con xuc
xac . 3. Kh6i vuong nho : xdc car6t thanh C/:lC ae.
d~l khng Nam (P. : dernarrer): khoi dong (may n6) bang moto dien.
d~2 Nam cg d~mar()' (P. : demarreur): bQ phan dung dien binh ~cquy d~
khoi dQng dl)ng co may n6: C/:lC a~.
d~3 Nam (P.: derailleur) : bl) phan sang lfp, dung d~ thay d6i v~n t6c xe
dap bang each chuyen vi trf cua xfch sang mot banh rang khac cua lfp xe .
~ "I

47
d~bo (P.: depot): kho hang, dia diem t;lip k~t hang.
d~can (P .: decalque): tam nhua co in nhi~u loai hinh, duoc dan vao v;lit
dung dS trang trf.
d~co (P .: decor): trang tri.
d~mo (P .: demonstration) : hang d6i chirng, hang milu .
d~m6t (P .: demode): l6i thai (noi v~ thai trang).
d~pa (P.: depart): khoi hanh, khoi dong.
d~pho cg phf (P. : defaut) : nhiroc diSm.
dhiben (P .: decibel): dan vi do cirong do am thanh.
dhimet (P .: decimetre): mot phan rmroi met, mot tat.
domi (P.: demi): phan mra.
dieden (A .: diesel): 1. Dong co chay bang d~u nang, 2. D~u nang.
di6t (P .: diode): dien eire.
di6p (P.: dioptrie): dan vi do dO can cua mat.
dioxin (P .: dioxine): chat doc mau da cam.
dfplom (P .: diplome) : bang cap,
ditco (A. , P.: disco): mot loai nhac khieu vii dan gian.
divang (P .: divan): 1. Giirong g6. 2. Gh~ dai.
do (P .: do): n6t nhac d~u tien trong thang am do.
do (P .: dose): li~u (hrong). Len i/O: tang li~u (khi noi v~ viec sir dung cac
chat kfch thfch nhu nrou, thuoc la, rna tuy...).
do cg dola (A., P. : dollar) : dan vi ti~n t~ cua My va mot s6 mroc khac.
do cg boocdf cg boocdd (Nam) (P .: bordeaux): mau do cua nrou vang.
Mew do do.
doan (P .: douane): hili quan, quan thu~ (thai Phap thuoc). Tiiy iloan: vien
chirc nguoi Phap phu trach viec thu thue,
d6c (P. : docteur): 1. Bac S1. 2. Vi en chirc dp cao thai Phap thuoc ,
dola cg do (A., P.: dollar): dan vi ti~n t~ cua mot s6 quoc gia nhu My,
Canada, ue, H6ng Kong...), duoc biSu thi bang ky hieu $.

48
domino (P. : domino): mot tro choi g6m 28 quan, chia d~u cho 4 nguoi
choi . Cac quan CO' duoc g~n k~t voi nhau khi chung co mot trong hai d~u
co cung gia trio nguoi nao h~t quan tnroc thi thang,
dui [den] (P.: douille) : chui den, b(> phan g~n vao duoi bong den .
[dan] dumdum cg lumdum (An : ten lang Dumdum, noi san xuat): loai
d~u dan hinh chi! thap, nham gay thuong tfch nang cho nan nhan .
diip (P.: double): kep, doi , Ve dup: ve kep (each phat am thong dung cua
W).
dup [lap] (P .: doubler, redoubler): hoc nh6i lap, hru ban.
duyra (P. , til' ten hang hoa duralumin): nhom ctrng.
dynamo (P .: dynamo): may phat dien.

49
 E
e (P.: air): giong dieu, dang ve .
e cg Ie (P .: air, l'air): van di~u chinh hrong khong khf va o bQ ch~ ho a khf
cua may n6 . Keo e len trutrc khi khoi dong may.
EC (A., vi~t t~t cua cum til European Commission) : Uy ban chau Au.
eco (P. : echo): tieng vong.
ecstasy (A.: ecstasy) : th uoc l~c.
ecu (P .: ecrou): con tan, con 6c (d~ van vao buloong).
eczema (P. : eczema): benh cham, t6 dia.
EDF (Po, vi~t t~t cua cum til Electricite de France): Cong ty dien hrc
Phapo
eke (P .: equerre) : thiroc do g6c .
ekip cg kip (Po: equipe): dQi.
Electone (ten hang h6a) : dan dien nr t6ng hop cua hang Yamaha.
eiectrong (P .: electron): dien tfch am.
elip (P .: ellipse): hinh b~u due,
el nino (Tbn.): chu ky han han toan duo
Elo (til ten rieng Arpad Emrick Elo, ngtroi Hungari) : h~ s6 cua m6 i dau
thu co vua, duoc l~p ra dua tren thanh tfch da dat diroc d~ x~p hang.
e-mail cg meo khng (A.: e-mail): thir dien nr .
entry (A. : entry): bai vi~t tren blog: T.T.T. t6 cdo mot blogger nick Tracy
an dip theme va avatar cua co dua v€ blog mtnli voi entry tua d€.. .
(TT&VH cu6i tu~n, s6 34 nam 2008, tr.61) .-
enzym (P. : en z yme): chat xuc tac o
epphe cg phe khng Nam (Po: effet): hieu qua, tac dung.
50
ERASMUS (A., vi~t t~t cua cum tir European community action scheme'
for the mobility of university students): chuang trinh hanh dong cong
d6ng nham tro giup sinh vien.
[den] ~tda (AIDA, nhan hang hoa): den mangsong, hieu n6i tieng la
AIDA cua Duc.

ete (P.: ether): thuoc gay me.

eto (P.: etau): kep bang thep dung d~ gifr chat cac chi ti~t khi gia congo
ED (A., vi~t t~t cua cum tir European Union): Lien minh chau Au.
euro (P.: euro): dan vi tiSn t~ cua chau .Au hQ'P nhat, diroc bieu thi bang
ky hieu €.

51
 F
FA (A., viet t~t cua cum nr Football Association): Lien doan bong da Anh.
fair-play (A.: fai r-play): choi dep, thirong vo .
[ttr chirng] Fallot (l:iy ten cua bac si' Phap Etienne-Louis Arthur Fallot,
nguoi d1i mo ta benh Iy nay vao nam 1888): mot chtrng benh b~m sinh
cua co tim , kh ien hrong mau den ph bi khong du. Viec chua tri benh nay
r:it phirc tap, vi no do nhi~u nguyen nhan nhu hep dong mach phoi , thong
lien that. ..
fan (A. : fan) : ngiroi ham mo mot mon th~ thao hoac mot di~n vien nao do .
fan club (A.: fan cl ub): Cau lac bO nguoi ham m o .
FAO (A.: viet t~t cua cum nr Fo od and A griculture Organization) : Tb
chirc Luang Nong thuo c Li en Hi ep Q uoc.
FARC (T bn , viet t~t cua cum tir Fuerzas A rmadas Revolucionarias de
Col ombia): Lire hrong vfi trang each m ang Col ombia.
fastfood (A .: fastfood) : tlnrc an nhanh.
fax (A., P.: fax): ky th uat, con g cu truyen va n ban, hinh anh bang diro ng
day dien thoai.
FBI (A., viet t~t cua cum tir Federal Bureau of Investigation) : Cue dieu
tra Lien bang Roa Ky.
FDA (A., viet t~t cua cum tir Food and Drug Administration) : Cue q uan
Iy thu6c men va thuc pham.
F~I (A., viSt t~t cua cum tir Foreign Direct Investment) : von d~u ttr true
tiep mroc ngoai.
feet (A. : feet, s6 nhieu cua foot): dan vi do chi~u dai cua mot s6 mroc sir
dung tieng Anh, bang 12 inch (tuong duong 30,48 em). Container 20 feet.
[dan] fender (ten hang hoa): ghita dien , mot san pham nbi tieng cua
Cong ty do Clarence Leonidas Fender th anh I~p vao nhtrng nam 40 cua
thS ky XX.
52
festival (P. : festival): lien hoan, l~ hQi.
FFF (P., vi~t tiit cua cum tit Federation Francoise de Football) : Lien
doan bong da Phap .
FIAT (Y , vi~t t~t cua cum tit Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino) : Nha
may che tao xe hcri Y a Torino.

fibrociment (P .: fibrociment) : t~m lQ'P bang xirnang.

FIFA (viet t~t cua cum tit Federation Internationale de Football
Association ): Lien doan bong da th~ gioi.
file (A .: file ): t~p tin .
flash (A., P .: flash) : den nhay, den may chup hinh .
flash drive (A.: flash drive): 6 rna di dong (each goi tho ng dung la US B) .
[song] FM (A ., vi ~t t~t cua cum tit Frequency Mo d ulation): so ng di~u t~n
(dieu tiet t~n s6).
[ ~un g] FM (P ., vi~t t~t cua cum tit fusil-mitrailleury : sung tnrong tv dong
dim tay.
FOB (A., viet t~t cua cum tit F ree On Board) : gia ban ta i ch6, khong tfnh
cac loai phi giao han g d~n noi nguoi m ua.
font (A.: font, P. : fon te) : kie u chfr.
forma t (P .: format): kfch ca, hinh dang (giay, sach ... ).
format (A .: format) : dinh dang (mot rna mern, mot tap tin ...).
forum (A ., P.: forum): d i~n dan tren mang.
FT A (A ., vi ~t t~t cua cum tit Free Trade A gree me nt) : Hiep dinh thuang
mai tv do .
53
 .G
ga Bcic cg ra Nam (P .: drap): vai trai gitrong. Cua hang chan ga g6i a?m .
[nha] ga (P.: gare): ben xe.
[bep] ga (P .: gaz): khf d6t. '
[ruroc uong co] ga (P .: gaz): hoi lam sui bot,
[rn] ga (P.: gaz): tang t6c .
[h6] ga (P.: regard): mieng cong.
gaangti khng Nam (p: ralenti): chay voi t6c dQ cham (noi v~ dong co n6).
gabacdin cg gabacdln Nam (P.: gabardine): mot loai vai may quan tay.
gac (P .: garde): tIVC: Nha thu6c gac.
gac (P.: gaze): vai thua dung d~ bang bo v~t thuong. Bdc sf bo quen
mieng g(1C trong 6 bung khi m6 ruot thiea.
gacdang Nam cg gacdieng B6c (P .: gardien): nguoi gac cong.
gacdobu cg gacdobu Nam (P.: garde-boue): cai ch~n bun.
gacdoco (P.: garde du corps): c~n v~, v~ S1.
g~cd<rsen (P.: garde-chaine): cai chan xfch.
gacmanggie (P .: garde-manger): tu dung thirc an.
gala (P .: gala): buoi lien hoan van nghe.
galang (P.: galant): nguoi co phong each nha nhan d~c biet voi phu nfr
(thirong diroc goi la njnh d~m).
galong (A.: gallon): don vi do luong cua mot s6 mroc sir dung tieng Anh,
gia tri khong giong nhau: 1 galong My (viet t~t la gal US) nrong dirong
3,785 lit , 1 galong Anh (gal GB hoac gal Imp) nrong dirong 4,546 1ft.
galori (P.: galerie, A. : gallery): phong trung bay va mua ban tranh anh.
gamen cg gao men cg camen (Nam) (P .: gamelle) : cap 16ng.
54
[tia] gamma (P.: gamma, nr ten m~u tv thir ba cua bang chir cai Hy Lap
I", y): met loai tia sang.
gam (P.: gamme): 1. S~c mau: gam mau sang. 2. Am giai: gam do truong,
gam cg gram (P. : gramme): mot phan ngan kYl0.
gameshow (A. : gameshow): tro choi tren truyen hinh: Gameshow
"Chung sue" tren HTV duoc nhiJu khan gia ua thich.
gang (P.: gant): bao tay, bit tAt tay.
gangto (A. : gangster): ke cuop.
gaomen Nam cg gamen (P.: gamelle): cap 16ng.
gara (P. : garage): nha xe , xuong xe.
[sung] garang (A. : Garand, ten rieng): mot loai sung tnrong ban tv dong
do My san xuat, duoc My trang bi cho quan dQi mien Nam trong giai
doan dfru cua chien tranh a Viet Nam.
gard (P. : garrot): nut that d~ dm mau.
gato (P .: gateau): banh ngot.
GATT (A., vi~t t~t cua cum nr General Agreement of Tariff and Trade) :
Hiep tree chung v~ thue quan va mau dich.
GDP (A., viet t~t cua C1,1m nr Gross Domestic Product): tong san pham
nQi dia.
geisha (Nh.: geisha): ky nir Nhat,

gel (A ., P. : gel): cac loai h6a my pham dang s~n s~t.

gen (P. : gene): di th~ , y~u t6 di truyen ,
generic (P .: generique): phan gioi thieu dfru va c u6 i cua mot t~p ph im:
Generic cua bQ phim.
GESTAPO (Dire, vi~t t~t cua C1,1m tir GEheime STAatsPOlizei): Canh sat
mat diroi thoi Dire quoc xa,
55
ghem (A.: video game): tro choi dien nr: ng6i vao mdy vi tinh, no chi biit
chai ghem ma thoi!
ghetto (A. : ghetto): nha 6 chuot trong thanh ph6.
ghi (P. : gris): mau xam nhat.
ghi (P.: aiguille): doan dirong ray co thS xe dich diroc dS chuyen huang
doan tau hoa. Be ghi: di~u khiSn ghi .

ghi khng cg ghigabai (A., P .: gigabyte): 109 byte.

ghldong (P. : guidon): tay lai (xe hai banh),
ghigabai cg ghi (A. , P.: gigabyte): 109byte .
Ghinet (A ., nr ten rieng Guinness): sach ky luc.
ghise (P .: guichet): quay phuc vu,
ghita cv guitar (P.: guitare): tay ban dm.
GI (A. , vi~t tAt cua cum nr Government Issue) : Ifnh My.
giiic (P .: jack): chuoi earn cua cac dung cu dien nr.
giaket (P. : jaquette): mot loai ao nam mac ngoai .
giaven (P .: eau de javel): dung dich hoa hoc dung dS dy u~.
gien (P.: gene): di the, y~u t6 di truyen.
gile (P .: gilet): mot loai ao ngan cua nam, khong tay, thuong mac trong
ao vet.
[quan] gin cv jeans (A. : jeans): quan boo
gin cv din (P.: origine): con moi nguyen (chua qua sir dung hoac chua
thay phu tung). .
gio [d&u] (P .: jeu): van d&u trong quan vot (duoc tfnh bang loat giao bong
cua mot du thu),
[an] girr (P.: j eu) : phoi hop t6t.
[bi] gio' (P.: jeu): bi mono

56
gioang cg ron khng Nam (P.: joint): mieng dem gifra hai b<) phan chong
khft nhau cua may moe, nhat la dong co n6, d~ gifr khong c ho khf hoac
chat long thoat ra ngoai .
[xe] gip (A. : Jeep, ten hang h6a): mot loai xe quan SlJ loai nho, nhir xe
cornrnangca.
giudo (Nh. : judo): nhu dao .
glaidon (P .: glaieul): hoa hue do.
glasnost (Nga: I'nacnocrs): cong khai (mot noi dung trong chfnh sach cai
each cua Lien X6 thoi Gorbatchov).
glatxe cg latxe (P.: glacer) : uop la nh.
glocom (P .: glaucome): benh tang nh an ap.
glued (P.: glucose): chat ngot.
GMT (A., vi~t t~t cua cum nr Greenwich Mean Time) : gio quoc t~, k~ nr
mui gio s6 0 di qua thanh ph6 Greenwich (mroc Anh) .
G~P (A., viet t~t cua cum nr Gross National Product): tong san hrong
quae gia.
golf (A. : golf): man th~ thao duoc chai tren san co , g6m 9 hoac 18 16.
Nguoi ehai phai dira qua banh xuong 16 voi cang it I~n danh cang t6t.
gom (P. : gomme): C\lC tay.
goml~c (P.: gornme-Iaque): canh ki~n.
gon cg gun khng Nam (A .: goal): khung thanh (b6ng da). Ch up gon: gifr
khung thanh .
[xe] goong (P .: wagon) : toa xe cho than trong mo.
gotich (P .: gothique) : mot phong each ki~n true <':r chau Au. Nha tha xily
theo kidn true gotich ,

57
GPS (A.: vi~t tilt cua cum tir Global Positioning System): h~ thong dinh
vi toan diu.
gram cg gam (P.: gramme): mot phan ngan kylo.
Grand Prix (P.: grand prix): Giai thirong Ian (trong th~ thao).
Grand Slam (A.): ult ca cac giai diu trong cling h~ thong (trong nhi~u
man th~ thao nhir qulin vot, golf, rugby, dua xe PI). Grand Slam trong
man qulin vot gorn co giai Dc rna rong, giai Roland Garros, giai
Wimbledon va giai My rna rong.
granit (P. : granit, granite): da hoa cirong.
granltd (P: granito): betong gia da hoa cirong.
[i] gret (P .: grec) : Hy Lap. I gret (nghia la chii i Hy Lap): each doc cil
cua ky nr Y (ngay nay doc la i dai) .
gregorien (P.: gregorien): thuoc giaohoang Gregoire Xlfl (1502-1585),
nguoi da soan nien lich dira thea each tfnh moi: Bai thanb ca tuyet voi
bang tiing Latinh theo giai dieu gregorien cd kinh. (TTCN, s6 38, nam
2000, tr .1O).
gu (P .: gout): sa thfch, thi hieu. H!JP gu : co cling sa thfch : hai nguoi co
vii h9]J gu nhau him.
guitarist (A. : guitarist, P.: guitariste): nghe si choi dan ghita.
gulag (Nga, viet tilt cua cum tir Dla6HOe Ynpaeneuue Jlaeepeii) : trai lao
dong cai tao bilt buoc .
gum cg singum (A. : chewing-gum) : keo cao suo
gun khng Nam cg gon (A.: goal): khung thanh (bong da). Giii: gun : gift
khung thanh.
gut (P .: goutte): benh thong phong.
GWS (A., viet tilt cua cum nr Gulf War Syndrome): hQi chirng chien
tranh vung Vinh.
G7 (A.: Group of seven, P .: Groupe des sept): t6 chirc thao luan va d6i
tac kinh t~ gom My, Nhat, Anh, Phap, Dire, Y, Canada. K~ nr 1998, Nga
chfnh thirc gia nhap van va tro thanh G8.

58
 H
ha cg hecta (P.: hectare): m~u t..ay (10.000 m-).
hiic (A.: hack): (tin tac) tftn cong mot trang web.
hac dm (A.: harp, P.: harpe): mot loai dan day trang dan nhac giao
hirong phirong Tay (can goi la dan hac),

hacker (A. : hacker): tin tac.

hacking (A.: hacking): nan tin tac.
halogen (P .: halogene): 1. Ten chung cua b6n nguyen t6 fIuo, clo, brom
va i6t. 2. Den sir dung mot nguyen t6 noi tren, co d<) sang tang dan.
hamburger (A. : hamburger): thit bo xay nhuyen chien ap chao.
handmade (A.: handmade): lam bang tay, hang thu cong: Day la cua
hang handmade ma cdc sao nhu Jessica Simpson, Drew Barrymore,
Cameron Diaz hay tim din (SVVN, s6 121, nam 2008, tr.17).
happy day (A.: happy day): cac ngay l~ 16n: Xem phim vao nhiing ngay
happy day, gia ve giam din 50% (SVVN, s6 121, nam 2008, tr.18).
happy end (A.: happy end): kSt thuc co h~u.
hard rock (A.: hard rock): nhac r6c nang.
harmonica cg acmonlca (P. : harmonica): khliu dm.
59
harp (A.: harp, P.: harpe) : mot loai dan day trong dan nhac giao huong
phuong Tay, hac dm hoac dan hac,
hattrick (A.: hat-trick): cu an ba (trang b6ng da, ghi 3 ban trong mot tran
d~u).
head (A.: head): van phong chfnh (cua mot cong ty).
headphone (A. : headphone): tai nghe cua may nghe nhac, may vi tfnh.
heavy (A.: heavy): nhac tre c6 am thanh soi dong.
heavy metal (A .: heavy metal): nhac tre, su dung am thanh dien nr r~t soi
dong, ~m y.
hell (P .: helium): mot loai khf tro khong mau, dung cho khinh khf du.
heroin (P .: heroine) : mot loai rna tiiy cue manh, tac d<)ng len h~ th~n
kinh trung uong.
[am thanh] hi-fi (A., vi~t t~t cua cum nr high fidelity): d<) trung thuc cao
(n6i v~ dung cu am nhac) .
[toe] high-light (A.: high-light): (t6c) nhuorn nhi~u mau nbi .
high-tech (A., viet t~t cua cum nr high technology): cong nghe cao.
hip hop (A. : hip hop) : mot dieu nhac duong pho, duoc gioi tre tra thfch.
hfppi (A.: hippy): thanh nien bui doi, song buong tha (ban d~u c6 muc
dfch la d~ phan irng lai xii h<)i cong nghiep cua My).
hit (A .: hit): bai hat thanh cong nh~t cua mot ca si.
hit parade (A.: hit parade): danh sach cac bill hat duoc yeu thfch hang d~u.
hit song (A. : hit song) : ban nhac xep d~u bang.
HIV (A., vi~t t~t cua cum tir Human Immuno -deficiency Virus) : vinit gay
ra ho i chtrng suy giam h~ mien dich .
HKD (A., vi~t t~t cua cum tir Hong Kong dollar): dong dola H6ng Kong.
hobo cg obo cg bobo (P. : hors-bord) : tau cao t6c nho, g~n dong CCY ben
ngoai, phfa sau than tau.
h6ccay (A. : hockey) : khiic con cau.
homestay (A. : homestay) : nha tro, khach an va a cung voi chu.
hoocmon cg hoocmon cg oocmon (P .: hormone): n<)i ti~t t6 .
h6tb6 (P. : houblon): mot loai day leo, hoa cai c6 mui huong dac bier
dung dS uop nrou bi a.
60
hotmail (A.: hotrnail): hop thu n6ng.
UP (A., viet tAt cua nr ghep horsepower): rna luc, dan vi tfnh cong suit
dong ca.
USBC (A., vi~t tAt cua cum tir Hongkong and Shanghai Banking
Corporation) : Ngan hang H6ng Kong va ThUQ11g Hai .
html (A., viet tAt cua cum tir Hyper Text Markup Language) : ngon ngtr
lien k~t sieu van ban, ngon ngir lap trinh web.
http (A., vi~t tAt cua cum nr Hyper Text Transport Protocol): giao thirc
truyen sieu van ban.
hullgan (A. : hooligan): con d6 b6ng da,
hu 10 cg xe lu (P.: rouleau compresseur): xe nen mat dirong.
hydro (P.: hydrogene): khinh khf.

61
 I
IAEA (A., vi~t t~t cua cum tir International Atomic Energy Agency): Co
quan Nang hrong nguyen nr Quoc t~.
IBM (A., vi~t t~t cua cum nr International Business Machines , ten cua
mot hang san xuat may tfnh dien nr cua My): Tit tai IBM: bang ni tai dp
cho cac thf sinh thi d?u trong cac ky thi tu tai ap dung hinh thirc trac
nghiem khach quan trong cac nam 1973-1975 a miSn Nam Viet Nam (vi
diroc ch~m bang may tfnh IBM).
IC (A., vi~t t~t cua cum tir Integrated Circuit): mach tfch hop, vi mach.
Con IC nay htr r6i !
ICBM (A., vi~t t~t cua cum tir Intercontinental Ballistic Missile): ten lira
dan dao lien luc dia.
ICOR (A. , vi~t t~t cua cum nr Incremental Capital-Output Ratio) : ty l~
giira nr ban/san hrong tang them; h~ sf> d:1u nr tang tnrong.
ICT (A., vi~t t~t cua cum nr Information and Communication
Technology): cong nghe thong tin va lien lac .
ID (A., F. : vi~t t~t cua nr Idendification): ten dang nhap (vao tai khoan ca
nhan cua thir dien nr, h6 sa ca nhan...).
IELTS (A., vi~t t~t cua cum nr International English Language Testing
System ): h~ thong sat hach quoc t~ vS tieng Anh.
IMF (A ., vi~t t~t cua cum nr International Monetary Fund): Quy TiSn t~
ili~~~. .
inch (A .: inch): dan vi do luang chiSu dai cua mot sf> mroc noi tieng
Anh, nrong dirong 2,54 cm.
influencer (A.: influencer): ngtroi co anh huang rong: H9 chlnh'lil cdc
influencers duoc n6i toi trong cdc qu yen sdcli vd PR (TT, sf> 242, nam
2008, tr.1O).
in&c (P. : inoxydable): thep khong rio
62
input (A.: input): dl1u vao.
installation (A ., P.: installation): nghe thuat silp d~t.

M(>t tdc phdm ngh ? thudt sdp ai;it

insuli n (P.: ins uline): thu6c tri benh ti~u duong.
Intern et cg ne t (A.: Intern et): m ang toan duo
Interp ol (A., la ten goi ngan go n cua Int ernational Criminal Police
Organization ): T6 chirc Canh sat hinh SlJ quoc tS.
Intranet (A.: In trane t): mang nQi bQ.
intro (P.: introduction): nh ac dao dl1u (cua mot bai hat).
IOC (A., viSt tilt cua cum tir International Olymp ic Committee) : Uy ban
Olympic quoc tS.
iong (P. : ion): dien tfch .
i6t (P.: iode): mot a kim mau xanh, co th~ hoa tan trong nrou.
IPM (A., viSt tilt cua cum tir Integrated Pest Management) : quan Iy dich
benh d mg hop.
IPO (A., viSt t~t cua cum tir Initial Public Offering): loai c6 phieu phat
hanh 111n dl1u ra con g cluing.
IQ (A., viet tilt cua cum nr Intelligence Quotient): chi s6 thong minh.
ISBN (A., viet tilt cua cum nr International Standard. Book Number): rna
s6 sach theo chul1n q uoc tS.
islam (A., P.: islam): ngiroi thea dao Rbi .
ISO (A., viSt tilt cua cum tir International Organization for
Standardization ): T6 chirc quoc tS v~ chuan hoa.
ISS (A ., viSt tilt cua cum nr International Space Station): tram vii
tru quoc tS do nhi~u quoc gia hop tac, quay quanh trai d:1t voi t6c dQ
27.000 km/gio (khoang 15 yang trai d:1t m6i ngay) a dQ cao 340 km .

63
ISSN (A., vi~t t~t cua cum til International Standard Serial Number): rna
s6 cua cac tap chi dinh ky thea chuan quoc t~.
IT (A., vi~t t~t cua cum til Information Technology): cong nghe thong tin.
iti (P.: etui) : vo dan con lai sau khi b~n.

64
 J
jacket (A.: jacket, P .: jaquette): ao nam, c6 vat dai.
JAL (A., viet tAt cua cum nr Japan Airlines): Hang Hang khong Nhat.
javel cv giaven (P : eau de Javel): dung dich hoa hoc dung d~ t~y u~.
jazz (A .: jazz): mot th~ loai nhac cua nguoi da den a My
[quan] jeans cg gin (A.: jeans): quan boo
[xe] Jeep cg gip (A., nhan hieu hang h6a): mot loai xe quan SIJ loai nho,
nhu xe commangca,
jersey (A. : jersey): vai thun .
JICA (A., viet tAt cua cum nr The Japan International Cooperation
Agency): Van phong hop tac quoc t~ Nhat Ban.
job (A.: job): viec lam.
jogging (A. : jogging): chay bo.
jpeg (A., vi~t t~t cua cum tir Joint Picture Expert Group) : chuan nen hinh
mau.
JPY (A ., vi~t t~t cua cum nr Japanese Yen): d6ng yen Nhat,
judo (N hat): nhu dao (vo nr v~ tay khong cua Nhat).

65
 K
[benh] K (P., each vi~t t~t cua nr cancer): benh ung thu: Benli vien K.
kaki (P .: kaki) : vai day mau vang nhat.
[phan] kali (P.: kalium): phan botat.
kangaroo (A. : kangaroo) cg kanguru (P.: kangourou) : chuot nii 6 Uc.
karaoke (Nh .: karaoke) : dung cu dien nr tro giup ca hat khong dn gian
nhac .
karate (Nh. : karatedo): khong thu dao, man vo thuat chu yeu sir dung
don tay.
kata (Nh .: kata) : di quyen (trong vo thuat).
kayak (A .: kayak) : 1. MQt loai thuyen nhe lam bang da thu cua nguoi
Eskimo, ngiroi boi dung mai darn doi (darn co th~ boi hai dau) d~ boi . 2 .
Man th ~ thao boi thuyen kayak (diroc dua van nQi dung cac man thi
Ol ympic nr 1936).

N(Ji dung thi Kayak mot ch6 ngoi (kj hi eu la Kl)

ke [nha gal (P .: quai): hien 6 ga xe hra.
ke [bo song] (P.: quai): cong trinh xay dung 6 bo song d~ chong 16 dk
kern cg carem (P.: creme): thirc an giai khat lam bang sfra , tnrng,
duong... dong dac.

66
kern (P.: creme): 1. Chllt beo Illy nr su a. 2. C hat nhon diroc che tao d~
dung VaG nhieu muc dfch: kem duiing da.
k~n (xua) eg nicken (P .: nickel) : mot loai ki m loai cirng, mau trang sang,
kho bi an mon, thuong dung d~ rna ngoai c ac chi ti~t kim loai .
kendo (Nh.: kendo) : ki~m dao .
k~p (P .: crepe) : mot loai nhua x6 p va deo d ung lam d~ giay: gidy di kip.
kepi (P .: kepi): mil luai trai .

ket [bac] (P .: caisse): tu ti~n . Th.ut ket thng: chi~m doat cong guy.
ket [rnroc ] (P. : caisse) : th un g mroc lam nguoi dQng co xe hoi.
k~t Nam (P.: caisse) : th ung (bia chai).
k~t Nam (P.: casguette): non co bo che tnroc mat.
keyboard (A. : keyboard) : dan dien nr, dan phfm.
KGB (Nga, vi~t t~t cua cum nr Kouumem eocy oapcmeeuuo u
besonacuocmuv: Uy ban A n ninh q uoc gia diroi thai Lien XO.
ki (P .: guille) : 1. BQ phan bang kim loai nang duoc d~t diroi day tau
thuyen d~ tao thang bang: Ll d(lt ki dong tim mai o 2. Vat co hinh tru,
bangnhua hoac g6, duoc dung lam muc tieu d~ xo nga trong man th~
thao bowling.
kich (P .: eric) : 1. Clln dap dung d~ khoi dong dQng co (cua xe gan
may...). 2 . Con dQi d~ nang xe len khi c§.n sua chua hong hoc .
kflocalo (P. : kilocalorie) : mot ngan calo.
kilogam cg kilo, ky Nam, 10 Bire (P .: kilogramme): can ( 1.000 gam). niJi
thu niing kj thng Nam: d6i thu tllm ca.
kilomet eg kilomet (P .: kilometre) : cay s6 .
kilowatt (P .: kilowatt): dan vi do cong sullt va hrong dien tieu thu,
kimono (Nh.: kimono) : ao truyen thong cua ngiroi Nhat.

67
 •

kininh (P.: quinine): ch~t chi~t xuat nr cay canhkina, dung d€ san xuat
thu6c tri s6t ret.
ki8t (P .: kiosque): quay hang.
kip cg ekip (P .: equipe) : doi.
kip (P.: metre cube): met khoi: mot kip gJ.
Kito (P. : Christ): Chua Giexu,
[chim] kiwi (A .: kiwi): mot loai chim khong biet bay, song v~ dem, co
ten khoa hoc la Apterygidae. Chim nay chi song a New Zealand, nen
diroc mroc nay chon lam bieu nrong quoc gia.

[trail kiwi (A .: kiwi) : mot loai trai cay co ten khoa hoc la A ctinidia
deliciosn va Actinidia chinensis co ~~u6n g6c tir tinh Shaanxi (Trung
Quoc), hien duoc trong nhieu a New Zealand (theo Wikipedia).

KO cg nBc ao (A.: knock out): do van (trong man quyen Anh) .

[may] Kohler cg cole (A ., ten mot hang san xuat nang co cua My) : dQng
co thuong duoc ngiroi dannong than Nam bQ str dung d€ lam may duoi
tam.

68
kop~ch (Nga: xonerixa): d6ng xu ti~n Nga, bang 1/100 rup.
koto (Nh .: koto): dan tranh Nhat,
!\1U
~W
~l

kulac (Nga: KyJIaK) : phu nong Nga dum thoi Sa hoang,

kumite (Nh.: kumite) : thi d6i khang (trong vo karatedo).
kung-fu (T Q : kungfu) : vo Thi~u Him.

69
 L
la (P.: la) n6t nhac thir sau trong thang am do.
lab (A .: laboratory): phong thf nghiem, phong thfnh thi .
labd: (P .: laboratoire): phong thf nghiem.
l~c (P.: plaque): 1. T~m kim 10;;1i treo a c6ng nha d~ ghi tea van phong,
dia chi... 2. T~m vang den a c6 tay lam db trang sire,
lacooc (P.: oeuf ala coque): tnrng IUQc long dao.
l~cle (P. : la de): chia khoa rna 6c va buloong.
lacxoong (P. : l'occasion): hang cil d1i qua sir dung,
[tia] lade (A., P.: laser, vi~t t~t cua cum tir Light Amplification by
Stimulated Emission of Radiation) : khuech dai anh sang bang birc X;;1
cam irng (tia sang diroc phat ra nr may phat song dien nr hoat dQng dua
tren nguyen t~c kfch thfch chum tia dan s~c va t;;1O ra mot nguon nang
hrong 1611 tap trung van mot chum tia sang r~t nho).
lado khng Nam cg radio (P. : radio): may thu thanh.
laghim khng Nam cg leghim (P .: legume) : rau cai.
[xe] lam (Y, goi t~t cua nr Lambretta, ten hang hoa) : xe van tai nhe ba banh.

[hroi] lam (P.: lame): 1. Lirci dao C;;1O rau . 2. T~m ximang mong va dai,
duoc g~n van nrong d~ thong gio : tdm lam thong gio.

70
lambada (B6: lambada): dieu nhay soi dong cua Braxin, thinh hanh tren
th~ gioi van nhfrng nam cu6i th~ ky 20 .
laminage (P .: laminage) : lap nhira mong diroc trang tren gi~y anh , bia
sach...
LAN (A., vi~t Hit cua cum nr Local Area Network) : mang nQi bQ.
Iangxe (P .: lancer) : 1. Tung ra (mot moi). 2. Nang do (mot ca si tre) .
lane (A. : lane): Ian xe tren xa lQ.
la nina (Tbn : la nina): hien nrong thai ti~t lanh b~t thuong, ngiroc lai voi
hien nrong nong b~t thtrong duoc goi la el nino.
[vail lanh (P .: lin): vai gai.
lanhto (P .: linteau): xa nho di.it phfa tren cira chfnh hoac cira s6 d~ chiu
It,rc.
lap (P. : I'arbre [de transmission]): thanh truyen chuyen dong cua xe hoi,
xe tai nr dong co d~n hai banh sau. Xe Harley khong chay bling xich, ma
bang lap.

laphan khng Nam cg raphan (P. : rafale): IOC;lt (dan), lien thanh. Ban
laphan : b~n hang IOC;lt dan .
laphong (P.: plafond) : tran nha, Cham laphong: dat d~n nguong cao
nhat.
I~pla (P .: plat) : chao nho , day can, co tay dm dung d~ chien ran .
I~plang (P .: plan) : sa d6, ban ve mot cong trinh xay dung.
[day] I~ploong (P .: fil a plomb): day doi, day co treo V?t nang a mot dftu
d~ tao duong thang dirng lam chuan khi xay nrong.
laptop cg lap (A.: laptop) : may vi tfnh x ach tay: ... chi rieng khoan nay
thi lap ail sue a6n guc desktop ng6i i mot ch6 r6i (HHT, s6 765, nam
2008, tr .1O).
laquet khng Nam (P .: clavette): chot nem d~ c6 dinh cac chi ti~t may.

71
Latinh (P .: latin): 1. Thuoc v~ La Ma: tieng Latinh . 2. Chiu anh hirong
cua nen van minh La Ma: Chdu MjJ Latinh.
latxe cg ghitxe (P. : glacer): uop lanh.
lavabo (P .: lavabo) : chau rna mat.
lave Nam cg lade sac (P.: la biere) : bia.
laxet (P.: dessert): man an trang mieng,
layer (A.: layer): phong, nen: Nhiing thir khiin ho n6i bdt chinli La kinh
mat, khan choang c6 mong, do khodc nhe va trang sue layer (SVVN, s6
121, nam 2008, tr. 16.).
layon cg don (P.: glaieul): hoa hue do.
lazang khng sac (P.: la jante): nieng xe: Cua hang chu yen kinn doanli
sam 16p laziing otO.
LlC (A., vi~t t~t cua cum nr Letter of Credit) : tin dung thu.
LCD (A., vi~t t~t cua cum nr Liquid Crystal Display): man hinh tinh th~
long.
[l~y] Ie (P.: l'air): to ra ve .
lead guitar (A .: lead guitar): dan chay n6t trong mot ban nhac,
LED (A.: viet t~t cua cum nr Light-Emitting Diode): den phat sang bang
di6t chir khong phai bang day toe, nen h&u nhu khong toa nhiet, ti~t kiern
dien va co tu6i tho cao g~p 5 l&n cac loai den truyen thong.
leduong (P .: legion): dQi quan danh thue.
leghim cg laghim khng (P .: legume): rau cai .
lekima cg lacuma, quitxima khn g Nam (Tbn : lucurna) : cay tnrng ga (o
mi~n Nam con goi la lire), ho hong xiem, ten khoa hoc la lucuma
campechiana , thuoc ho Sapotaceae. Qua hinh b&u due , khi chin mau
vang, thit qua co bQt mau vang an bui nhir long do tnrng ga (tieng Anh
con goi la eggfruit). Nguon g6c & Nam My. Duoc trong nhieu & cac tinh
Nam bQ, Trung bo,
len (P.: laine): soi duoc lam nr long mot s6 loai thu, phf> bien nh~t Iii ciru.
leninft (P .: leniniste): 1. Thuoc v~ hoc thuyet cua Lenin. 2. Nguoi theo
hoc thuyet cua Lenin.
Ii (P .: pli): n~l? g~p, n~p x~p cua quan ao,
Iibero (P .: libero): trung v~ nr do.

72
lia (P. : lire, nr tieng Y lira): don vi tiSn t~ cua Y.
li e (P.: liege): b~c dung d~ lam nut chai: nut bdc.
limudin cv limuzin (P. : limousine): xe hoi dai sang trong rna cac nh an
V?t nbi tieng hoac giau co thtrong dung.

lin (P .: ligne): c ham rmrc ! (trong mot s6 tro choi, khi th~y d6i phirong
c~~m mire, ngiroi ta keu len lin f).
linga (Phan : linga): sinh thuc khf nam.

link (A.: link): dirong lien ket, k~t n6i V01 mang Internet.
Ii p l (P .: libre): tha h6, thoa thfch: hom nay bon tre duac choi Up! Cg lip
baga .
lip2 (P .: roue libre) : Ifp xe-dap. Xfch Up.
Iipit (P. : lipide): ch~t beo.
lip sync cv lip synch (A., vi~t t~t cua cum tir Lip synchronization): hat
nhep moi .
lie (A .: list, P. : liste) : danh sach.
lie (P. : litre) : don vi do hrong ch~t long hoac hat, bang mot phan nghin
met khoi.
lito l (P. : liteau): cac thanh g6 nho nam diroi mai ngoi d~ chi u hrc,
[in] lito 2 (P. : lithographie) : in da, inthach ban ,

73
 "-------- - - - -- - - - -- - -c-;:

live (A.: live): true tiep, Cdc ca khuc thinli hanh khong tlu hdp lice tid ((;10
khong khi cho nhiing bu6i diin li-va (Thanh nien cu6i tuan, tr.25, s6
14 nam 2000).
Iiveshow (A.: liveshow): bu6i di~n do mot ca si dam trach .
101 khng Bric cg kilo (P.: kilo): don vi do IUOTIg trong hrong, bang 1.000
gam ; can.
[db] 102 cg locan (P.: local): hang san xuat trong mroc.
[xe] 103 (P.: location) : xe cho khach.
[ghe] 104 (P. : loge): ghe d?t rieng trong nha hat.
105 [hang] (P. : lot): chuyen hang. La ddt: manh dk
I<Y [xe] (P.: controleur): ki~m soar vien, nhan vien soat ve.
[xanh] 1<y1 (P .: bleu) : xanh da troi .
[cue] 10.2 (P. : bleu) : CI,lC phan mau xanh dung d~ xoa vao dfru co bida.
lobby (A. : lobby) : van dong hanh lang.
16c cg bl6c (P .: bloc): kh6i . L6c may, i6c ijch.
16cke (P.: bloquer) : nghen, ket.
loc6t (P .: blockhaus): cong SIJ cua quan d<)i.
logarit (P.: logarithme): logarit tluip ph/in,
logich (P .: logique): 1. Ly luan. 2. Hop IY.
lOgo (P.: logo): bieu nrong.
[gal logo (A.: Leghorn) : mot giong ga cho nhiSu tnrng nhap nr Anh.
Ion' (P.: galon): quan ham.
lon 2 [sua, bo...] (A.: gallon): dung cu dung thuc pham dong hop, co
nhiSu kfch ca khac nhau.
longd~n Nam cg rongden (P. : rondelle): mieng dem thUOTIg bang thep
nam duoi con tan d~ buloong diroc chat.
loongtoong (P .: planton): nhan vien van phong.
16p l [xe] (P .: enveloppe) : vo xe .
18p 2 [bong] (A .: lob): tang bong qua dfru (bong da , quan vot...).
loto (P .: loto): tro chai gorn nhiSu con cii, m6i con th~ hien mot con s6,
va nhieu phieu choi, tren do co ghi nhiSu s6 thanh 3 hang ngang. Nha cai
74
se I&n hrot boc nr con mot cho d~n khi co nguoi t~p hop duoc 5 con s6
hang ngang tren phieu cua minh. Keu 10(0: xuong con s6 ghi tren con ca
dii boc ra cho moi nguoi theo doi: anh ta keu LOta nlur La hat vQy.
loxfchxdng khng xua (P.: saucisson): mot loat, mot chuoi dai cac v~t
giong nhau (nhir xticxfch k~t thanh chum).
loxo (P .: ressort): v~t dung bang thep co tfnh dan h6i cao, thirong co hinh
xoan, nen con duoc goi la ruot ga (khng Nam).
LPG (A., chtr viet tit cua cum tir Liquefied Petroleum Gas) : khf hoa
long.
[xe] lu cg hu 10 Nam (P .: rouleau compresseur): xe nen mat duong,

[dan] lumdum cg dumdum (An: ten lang Dumdum, noi san xuat): loai
d&u dan hinh chfr thap, nham gay thirong tfch nang cho nan nhan .
[sung] IUQc khng Nam (P .: mitrailleuse lourde): sung lien thanh hang
nang, diroc g~n c6 dinh tren xe tang, thi~t giap.
[kfnh] hlp (P.: Ioupe) : kfnh phong dai ,
luych (P .: luxe): sang trong.
[dau] luyn mic (P.: I'huile): d&u nhon dung d~ boi tron cac chi ti~t may
n6; nh6t.

75
 M
M.A. (A., viet t~t cua cum tir Maste r of Arts): bang Thac si' cac nganh
khoa hoc xa ho i.
mac cg m a c khng Nam (P .: marq ue): nhan hieu.
[dong] mac (D .: mark): dan vi tie n t~ cu a Dire.
macabong (P.: vagabond) : ke leu 16ng .
macgarin (P.: margarine): bo th uc v~t.

Mach (tir ten cua nha v~t 1:9 nguoi Ao E rn st Mach 1838 - 1916): van t6c
am tha nh . Mach 2: g~p 2 IAn v~n t6c am thanh.
macma (P .: magma): dung nham mii lira.
maca (P. : maquereau) : ke du dang, b~t luang.
macro (A., P.: macro): vi mo .
mi;icro cg mi;itro (P .: maquereau): ke bao ke dong mai dam, song bac,
macxit cg macxit Nam (P. : marxiste) : thuoc vS chu nghia Mac; ngtroi
thea chu nghia Mac .
made (P .: marie): nhan made:'nhftn cum .
madone cv mazone (P .: mayonnaise): mrcc ch~m ch~ bi~n thea ki~u
Phap, nr long do tnrng va dAu thirc v~t.
madiit (P.: mazout): dAu chay may dieden.
magi (P .: nhan hieu hang h6 a Maggi , l~y ten cua nh a sang lap Julius
Magg i) : mroc cham lam nr darn thirc vat len men .
magle cg man he (P .: magnesium): mot loai kim loai trang nhu bac , k:9
hieu h6a hoc la Mg.
mail cg e-mail, meo khng (A. : e-mail): thir dien nr .
maket (P.: maquette): 1. Sa ban. 2. V~t lam mftu.

76
 makettinh (A. : marketing): ti~p thi .
makide (P.: maquiller): trang diem.
malanh cg male khng Nam (P .: malin): lern linh.
marmit (P.: mammouth): khong nrong.
man khng Nam (P .: mal) : belt binh thirong (v~ tam than).
manager (A.: manager): ngiroi quan IY.
manga (Nh.: manga): truyen tranh Nhat,
mangan (P .: manganese): mQt loai kim loai mau, ky hieu hoa hoc la Mn.
mangcut (Thai: mang-kout): (ten khoa hoc la Garcinia mangostana) mot
. loai trai cay co nguon g6c til' Malaixia va Thai Lan.

mangda (P .: mandat) : dien chuyen ti~n (qua dirong buu dien ).

mangdolln (P .: mandoline): mot loai dan day doi , dung d~ rung day.
manggan (P .: manganese): mot loai kim loai mau, ky hieu hoa ho c la
Mn .
mangset (P .: manchette): 1. Tay ao sorni . 2. Ki~u trinh bay ten cua mot
to bao, co th~ xem nhu la logo.

· a-e
fl' l1t~l on
_c_
r , ., _. _ iii SF f"

Mdngset bdo Le Monde (TId gioi) cua Phap va Pravda (Su' thdt] cua
Lien XO
mangsong (P. : manchon): mot loai tim den hinh tiii, duoc de t til' soi co
tam muoi kim loai d~ tang cirong dQ anh san g : den mdngsong thuong
duac goi La den h da.
mangtd (P .: manteau): ao khoat day, dai d~n g6i .
77
manh [gi~y] (P .: main) : 1. X~p gi~y g6m 25 to. 2. Tay gi~y (nhieu tay
diroc k~t lai thanh mot quyen sach).
manh cg me khng Nam (P.: main): tieng keu cua cau thu b6ng da khi
thay b6ng cham tay d6i phUOTIg.
manhe cg magie (P. : magnesium): mot loai kim loai trang nhu bac, ky
hieu h6a hoc la Mg.
manheto (P .: magneto): may phat dien mot chieu, chay bang nam cham
vinh diu .
manip (P.: manipulateur) : dn go tin hieu mooc .
maniven (P .: manivelle): tay quay d~ khoi dong may n6 .
manrrcanh (P .: mannequin): 1. Nguoi m~u. 2. Hinh nhan rna cac nha
may hoac cira hang thai trang dung d~ trung bay m~u rna.

manto (P.: maltose) : duong tinh ch~ bang each thuy phan tinh bot.
maphia (P .: mafia): t6 chirc tQi pham (c6 nguon g6c til' Y).
maratong (P .: marathon) : chay viet da (tren doan dirong dai 42 km 195).
[tia] maser (A. , P. , viet t~t cua til' Microwave Amplifi-cation by
Stimulated Emission of Radiation): nguon s6ng vi ba van hanh thea
nguyen t~c cua tia lade .
master (A.: master): bang Thac si.
master (A.: master): bang (rna) g6c.
[day] mat (P.: masse): day dien d~u xuong dk
mata (Ma: matarnata'{') : mot loai canh sat a Nam bQ giai doan d~u cua
thai ky Phap thuoc (nhtrng nam cu6i th~ ky 19).
matcara (P.: mascara): mau t6 mi mat.

( I) Thea Vuong H6ng S~n (1968), Sui Gon nam xua, NXB Xuan Thu, Sa i Gon,
tr. 229 .
78
matcdt (A.: mascot, P .: m ascotte): v~t khiroc, bi~u nr ong vui (cua mot
giai th~ thao, mot cau lac bl)...).

V4t khutrc Trix va Flix cua Euro 2008

matxa (P .: massage): xoa bop .
matrac (P .: matraque): dui cui.
mattfc cg matic (P. : mastic) : nhira nhai , dung d~ tram cac khe ho,
mayo (P .: maillot): ao thun la, ao th~ thao.
mayso (P .: maillechort) : day nung bep dien ,
MBA (A., viet t~t cua cum til Master of Business Administration): bang
Thac si Quan tri kinh doanh.
Me (A., viet tAt cua cum til Master of Ceremonies): ngiroi d§.n chuang
trinh.
me Nam e.g manh (P .: main): bong cham tay (bong da),
me [Tay] (P. : mere) : (xau) nguoi phu nir co quan h~ truy lac voi nguoi
phuong Tay. M e Tay, me My.
me khng cg megabai (A. , P .: megabyte): 10 6bai. Th e nha 500 m e.
mec (P. : merde): tieng chili th ~ ph 6 bi ~n cua nguoi Phap (co nghia la
cut).
m~dai cg m~day (P .: medaille) : 1. Huy chuang. 2. Mat day chu yen . 3.
Cac n6t man n6i thanh nrng d~ ngoai da.
mittinh (A .: meeting): cuoc tu t~p cua nhi~u nguoi d~ bay to th ai dl).
medato (P .: mediator): m ong d an , phfm dan (v~t bang yay d6i m6i hoac
nhua to ng hop hinh tam giac, dung d~ gay dan ).

79
megabai cg me khng (A., P .: megabyte): 106 bai.
megahet (A., P.: megahertz): 106 hertz.
megaton (P. : megatonne): 106t~n.
megaoat (A., P.: megawatt): 10 6 oat.
rnelamin (P. : melamine): motchat nhua dmg hop,
melanin (P .: melanine) : s~c t6 den.
melo cg melodram (P .: melodrarne): kich bi luy.
membership (A.: membership): h<)i vien .
meo khng (A .: e-mail): thu dien nr .
message (A., P.: message) : thong diep, tin nhan.
met (P.: metre): thuoc, don vi do chieu dai .
metan (P.: methane): khf b6c len tir cac ch~t hiru co bi phan huy.
meter (A .: meter): d6ng h6 do chieu dai dirong di: khi di taxi nen ad y
coi ted xi co me meter hay khong (TN cuci tuan, s6 30, nam 2000, tr.7) .
metro (P. : metro): xe dien ngam,
me (P.: mi): n6t nhac thir ba trong thang am do.
mi 2 cg rnfc (P. : micro): each goi t~t cua tir micro.
mi 3 (P.: mise): dan trang (trong in ~n): tho mi trang bdo .
MIS (A. , viet t~t cua cum nr Military Intelligence Division 5) : co quan
tinh bao Anh .
MIA (A., vi~t t~t nr cum nr Missing in Action): lfnh My m~t tfch trong
cac cuoc chi~n tranh can thiep van cac di~m nong tren th~ gioi.
mic cg mi (P. : micro): each goi t~t cua tir micro.
mica cg meca khng (P.: mica): met loai da trong suet, co du true tv
nhien dum dang nrng phien mong, d€ tach ra, thirong duoc dung thay
kinh.
micro cg mic cg mi khng (P. : micro): thi~t bi thu am.
micro- (A., P.: ti~p d~u ngtt cua nhi~u nr khoa hoc): vi mo .
microbus (A., P.: microbus) : xe khach nho.
microfilm (P.: microfilm) : vi phim.
microgram (P. : microgramme): phan trieu gam.
80
micromet (P .: micrometre) : phan trieu met.
miligam (P .: milligramme): phan ngan gam.
mililit (P .: millilitre): phan ngan lit .
milimet (P. : millimetre) : phan ngan met, Ii.
mimosa (P.: mimosa): la ten chung cua mot loai cay nho co ten khoa hoc
la Mimosaceae, g6m khoang 400 loai khac nhau, trong do co hoa trinh nil'
hoac con goi la hoa mac cO' (ten khoa hoc la Mimosa pudica ).

min (P. : mine) : dia loi . Ra phd bom min:

minhon cg nhon khng (P.: mignonne) : dS thirong,
mini (A. , P .: mini-): nho. Khdch. san mini. Xe dap mini.
minibus (P. : minibus): xe khach nho.
mini disc (A.: m ini disc) : 1. Dla nho. 2. May nghe nhac su dung dia nho.
mini hotel (A. , P .: mini hotel): khach san nho, khach san gia dlnh.
minijupe (P. : minijupe): yay eire ngan, tren d~u g6i.
minilab (ten hang hoa MiniIab): may rna anh nr dong.
mini size (A. : mini size): cO' nho: mua nutrc hoa mini size 5ml (SVVN,
s6 121, nam 2008 , tr .I8).
misa (lat.: misa): ten goi cua mot bu6i IS nha tho Thien chua.
mittinh (A.: meeting): cuoc t1,1 t~p cua dam dong d~ bi~u IQ quan diem,
thai dQ chfnh trio
mix (A .: mix): tron am.
mixer (A.: mixer): may tron am.
mm (P ., vi~t t~t cua millimetre): Ii, mot phan ngan met.
mo cg boong mo cg bong roo (P. : point mort): s6 khong, s6 dun g (cua
xe g~n may, xe hoi .. .).

81
moa ()' (P.: moyeu): dum xe, 6 bi banh xe.
mobai (A.: mobile [phone)): dien thoai di dong.
mobylette (ten nhan hieu hang hoa Mobylette): xe g~n may khoi dong
bang pedan .
model cv moden (A.: model, P .: modele): 1. M~u rna. 2 . Ngiroi m~u.
modem (A., P ., vi~t t~t cua cum til Modulator-Demodulator): bQ dieu giai .
mfidec (P. : modeme): hien dai . Giuimg mtidec: giirong hop, giuong
dong theo ki~u tan thoi .
modun (A. , P .: module): bQ phan co th~ lien k~t voi cac bQ phan khac d~
tao thanh mot t~p hop. Mon hoc nay co nhiJu modun.
mol~t (P. : de a molette): dung cu dung d~ van 6c buloong, co th~ di~u
ch inh cho phu hop v61 nhieu kich co buloong khac nhau.

rnornang cg rnomen (P .: moment): mot di;ic tnmg cua dai IUQ11g ng~u
nhien . Momen quan tinh.
Mondial (P.: Mondial): Giai VO dich bong da th~ gioi .
mongta cg mongtai (P.: montage): 1. Len trang in . 2. DlJI1g phim.
monitor (A. : monitor): man hinh cua may tfnh.
[am thanh] mono (P.: monophonique): am thanh dan, phat tren cung mot
kenh.
mdnfime (P .: monomere) : hop ch§.t co khci lUQ11g phan til thap,
mfmfiray (P.: monorail) : xe dien chay tren mot thanh ray.

82
monuy (P.: menu): 1. Thirc don. 2. Thanh tieu d~ (may vi tfnh).
[xe] mooc (P.: remorque): x romooc.
[danh] mooc cg mooc (P.: morse): tfn hieu d.i~n bao.
moocche cg moocche Nam (P.: mortier): sung c6i.

moocphin cg moocphin Nam (P.: morphine): chat giam dau, gay nghien.
[giang] moran (P.: morale): bai hoc dao dire.
morat (P .: morasse): ban in thir, ban v6. Sua mordt: sua ban in thir truce
khi in chfnh thirc.
mat (P. : mode): 1. Tho; trang. 2 . (nr thanh ngfr a la mode) Hop thai
trang.
motel (A.: motel): khach san tren xa 1(>.
mota' cg motua khng Nam (P .: moteur): d(>ng co dien ,
mdtfp (P.: motif): hinh anh chu dao trong tac ph 11m nghe thuat.
motO (P.: moto): xe gan may.
MP (A.: viet t~t cua cum nr Military Police): Canh sat quan sir, quan
canh.
MP3 (A., viet t~t cua cum nr MPEG-112 Audio Layer 3): may nghe
nhac ky thuat s6.
mpeg (A ., vi~t t~t cua cum nr Motion Pictures Experts Group): mot
chuan nen hinh va am thanh dS co thS diroc sir dung cho VCD.
M.Sc (A. : Master of Science): bang Thac si' khoa hoc .
mudich (Nga: My)l(HK): nong dan Nga diroi thai Sa hoang,
multimedia (lat. : k~t hop giira multi + media): truyen thong da phuong
tien,
Mundial (Tbn: Mundial): Giai VO dich bong da th~ gioi.
musoa cg musoa cg muisoa (P.: mouchoir): khan tay.

83
[sung] mur' (P. : mousqueton): sung tnrong tho sa.

[nem] mue (P.: mousse): chdt li~u nhan tao co dac tfnh x6p va dan h6i,
lam nr ,nhga caosu, duoc dung d~ ch~ tao nhi~u v~t dung gia dinh nhu
nem, goi ...
mutac (P.: moutarde): d:1u cai (mot 10;;1i mroc cham r~t cay).
rmitxo'lin (P.: mousseline): vai mongo
mW (A., P., vi~t t~t cua megawatt): mot trieu 0<11.

84
 N
NAFTA (A., vi~t t~t cua cum nr Nortlt American Free Trade
Agreement): Hiep iroc TlJ do mau dich B~c My.
nammo (Phan: namah): loi cftu nguyen cua tfn d6 Phat giao.
nano (lat.: nano): 10-9, mot phan ty, ClJC nho. Nanomet: mot phan ty met.
Cting nghf nanii: cong nghe v~ V?t lieu sieu nho.
nanobot cg nanorobot (A., P.: k~t hop gitra nano + robot): nguoi may
ClJC nho.
[born] napan (A., P.: napalm): born chay.
NASA (A., viet t~t cua cum nr National Aeronautics and Space
Administration): Co quan quan tri hang khong va khong gian Hoa Ky.
NASDAQ (A., vi~t t~t cua cum tir National Association for Se curity
Dealers and Automatic Quotation): Chi sa NASDAQ: mot chi sf> cua thi
tnrong chirng khoan New York.
NATO (A. vi~t t~t cua cum nr North Atlantic Treaty Organization): T6
chirc Hi~p iroc B~c D~i Tay Duong.
nazi (viet t~t cua cac nr tieng Dire National-sozialist) : quoc xa,
N.B. (lat. , vi~t t~t cua cum nr Nota Bene): chii thfch .
neo (A.: nail): nghe lam m6ng tay va chan.
neong (P.: neon): 1. Mot loai khf tro khong mau, 2. Den sir dung loai khf
nay.
net (A .: net): x Internet.
NGO (A., vi~t t~t cua cum tir Non Governmental Organization ): t6 chirc
phi chinh phu.
nhan khng Nam cg xinhan (P .: signal): bao hieu : kh i nao g6n din thi
nhan cho toi nhe!

85
 [dao] nhip (P.: canif): dao nho, co chuoi diroc ghep tir hai la thep mong
va dan hoi, dung nhir chiec panh (pince) d~ kep,
nhip [xe] (P.: canif): la thep mong, co dQ dan h6i t6t, dung d~ giam s6c
cho xe hoi, xe tai .
nhom (P .: aluminium): mot loai kim loai nhe, mem, mau trang.
nhon khng Nam cg minhon (P.: mignonne) : d~ thuong.
nhong [xe] (P.: pignon) : banh rang (trong may moe). Sen nluing lip: ba
loai phu tung cua xe gan may dung d~ truyen lire keo cua dong co d~n
banh xe.
nhop (P .: miope) : can thi. Kinh nhap: kfnh tri khuc X? m~t danh cho
nguoi can thi.
nicken cg k~n xua (P.: nickel): mot loai kim loai kho bi an mon o
nick name (A. : nick name): mat danh, bf danh.
nicotin (P.: nicotine) : cha; gay nghien trong thuoc la .
nllong (P .: nylon): chat hfru co nhan tao, co th~ trang thanh to- mong hoac
lam thanh soi nho, co nhieu cong dung.
nito (P.: nitreux): khf khong mau, khong mui, ky hieu hoa hoc la N.
nitrat (P.: nitrate): muoi cua axft darn.
nitrogen (P.: nitrogene): x nitrr.
nivf (P.: niveau): dung cu Illy dirong chuan n~m ngang dua van rmrc
mroc.

[kich] no (Nh. : no) : mot loai kich truyen thcng cua Nhat.
nac ao cv KO (A. : knock out): do van (trong mon quyen Anh).
Noen (P.: Noel): dem Giang sinh .
no' (P.: nceud) : nut that.
non-stop (A .: non-stop): lien tuc , lien khuc.

86
noron (P .: neurone): t~ bao tha n kin h.
n8t (P.: note): 1. Ky hie u duoc dun g d~ ghi cuong dQ va tnrong dQ cua
mot thang am: n6t nh ac vui. 2. G hi c hu.
[cuon] n8t (P .: bloc-notes): s6 ghi ch u.
notrong (P .: ne utron) : hat dien nr trung tfnh .
NPK (A., P. : viet tilt cua Nitreux , Phosphore va Kalium) : ph an h6n hop
g6m nita', photpho va kali, co ba mau (can goi la phan ba mau).
nu ! (P .: a nous !) : nem bien (tieng cau th u bong da keu len khi yeu du
quyen nem bien cho dQi mi nh),
nude (A ., mac du bao chf hien nay thirong vi~t bang tieng Anh, nhung
nguoi ta thirong quen voi each doc cua tieng P hap nu [nuy]) : khoa than.
nuga (P. : nougat) : keo sira co nhan hat dau, hat de ...
nui (P.: nouille) : thuc pharn diroc sa ch~ nr bot mi hay bot gao, co nhieu
hinh dang khac nhau, nhu con so, soi 6ng..., thuong diroc dung d~ nau
xup.
number one (A.: number one): s6 mot, s6 dach .
nuy (P. : nu): khoa than. Anh nuy: anh khoa than.
nylong (P .: nylon) : nhira deo.
NYMEX (A ., viet tilt cua cum nr N ew York M ercantile Exchange):
chimg khoan v~ dau hoa va silt thep.
NYSE (A ., vi~t tilt cua cum tir N ew York Stock Exchange): th i tnrong
chirng khoan New York.
NZD (A ., vi~t tilt cua cum tir N ew Zealand dollar) : dong dol a Niu Dilan.

87
 o
[vai] oat' (A.: washed): vai nhuom mau loang 16 d~ tao ki~u.
0312 (A., P.: watt) : dan vi do cong suat.
obo cg bobo Nam (P.: hors-bord) : tau cao t6c nho, gan dong co ben
ngoai, phfa sau duoi tau.
oboa (P.: hautbois): mot loai ken g6 nguon g6c chau Au.

obuyt cg obich, ubfch khng Nam (P.: obus): dan phao.

°C (viet t~t cua cum tir degre Celcius): dQ bach phan.
OCDE (P., vi~t t~t cua cum nr Organisation de cooperation et de
developpement economiquesy: T6 chirc hop tac va phat trien kinh t~.
oetan (P .: octane): la mot hydrocacbon thuoc nhom ankan co cong thirc
sa
C8H18. Chi octan : chi s6 chong kfch n6 cua xang,
ODA (A., viet t~t cua cum nr Official Development Assistance): Quy h6
tro phat trien chfnh thtrc.
odon (P.: ozone): mot loai khf g6m 3 nguyen til' oxy (03). T{l1lg odon:
t&ng khf quyen cr dQ cao khoang 25 km.
[binh] odoa (P.: arrosoir): binh nroi.
odio (P. : audio): (bang) tieng.
OECD (A., vi~t t~t cua cum nr Organisation for Economic Cooperation
and Development): T6 chirc hop tac va phat trien kinh t~.
oep (A.: web): dia chi tren mang thong tin toan duo

88
eest r oge n (P.: eestrogene) : kfch th fch t6 nil".
of (viet t~t cua cum tit degre Fahrenheit): dQ Fahrenheit, thea do , nuoc
soi a 212°F va dong bang a 32 °F. T it do, ta co cong thirc quy d6i tit dQ
Fahrenheit sang dQ bach phan nhu sau : °C = (OF - 32)/ 1,8.
OfF (p., vi~t tilt cua cum tit Org anisation Internationale de La
Francophoniey: T6 chirc quoc t~ cua khoi Phap ngir, ten goi moi cua ACCT.
OK (A.: OK): d6ng y.
oliu (P .: olive): mot loai trai nho duoc trong nhieu a vung yen Dia Trung
Hai, dung d~ ch~ bi~n diu tlnrc vat,

Olympic (A .: Olympic , P .: Olympique): Giai vo dich th~ thao th~ gioi ,

Th~ van hoi .
om (P., tit ten cua nha bac hoc nguoi Dire Ohm): don vi tfnh cua dien tro.
oml~t cg 6pl~t (P .: omelette): cha tnrng.
ONG (P ., vi~t tilt cua cum tit Organisation Non Gouvernementaley: t6
chirc phi chfnh phu.
online (A.: online): tnrc tuyen,
OND (P.: vi~t t~t cua cum tit Organisation des Nations Uni es ): Lien
Hiep Quoc.
[dan] ooc cg OQC (Nam) (P.: orgue): mot loai dan co phfm nhir dirong
cam, nhung khong day, am thanh diroc tao ra khi co luong khong kh f th6i
qua cac 6ng, nho hai ban dap , Dan OQC diroc cac nha tho ua chuong.

89
Ngay nay, dan OQC thong dung nh<1t la dan OQC dien nr (synthetiseur
electronique).

o6cgan cg oocgan Nam (A.: organ) : dan OQC.

oocgkr cg oocgio' Nam (P .: hors-jeu): viet vi .

6p (Nga, each goi tiit cua nr oriuteacarse): ky tuc xa (cua sinh vien tai
Nga).
op~c1u'a (P.: haut-parleur) : loa ph6ng thanh.
OPEC (A .: vi~t tiit cua cum tir Organization of Petroleum Exporting
Countries) : T6 chirc cac ruroc xu<1t kh&u d.1u hoa.
open (A.: open): rna rong. Giai Australia Open.
open tour (A .: open tour): tua du lich rna.
opera (P. : opera): ca vii nhac kich,
6pla (P .: ceuf au plat): tnrng chien vira chfn toi ,
6pl~t cg oml~t (P.: omelette): cha tnrng.
6pn~p khng Bilc (P .: omelette): tnrng chien virachin toi.
6pxet (A., P.: offset): ky thuat in nhi~u mau.
OSCE (viet tilt cua cum nr tieng Anh Organization for Security and
Cooperation in Europe hoac tieng Phap Organisation pour la securite et
la cooperation en Europe): T6 chirc An ninh va Hop tac chau Au.
os in(tir ten cua nhan V?t Oshin trong b(l phim truyen hinh nhi~u t?P cling
ten cua Nhat): ngiroi a, nguoi giup viec .
OTAN (P ., vi~t tilt cua cum nr Organisation du Traite de l'Atlantique
Nord): T6 chirc Hiep iroc Bilc Dai Tay Duong.
OTC (A ., vi~t tilt cua cum tir over the counter): c6 phieu giao dich ngoai
san chirng khoan. Chuan bi scm cho thi truong OTC (TN, 3/3/2008).
oto (P .: automobile): xe hoi.

90
otobuyt (P.: autobus): xe khach nOi thi .
otomat (P.: automate) : thi~t bi nr dong; ngiroi may.
output (A. : output): 1. San hrong. 2. £)~u ra.
ovan (P.: ovale): hinh b~u due
ovang (P .: auvent) : mai hat, mai che tnroc nha
over (A .: over): thua (trong tro choi dien tir) .
oxy (P.: oxygene) : dirong khf.
oxyt (P. : oxyde): ten goi cua cac hop chfrt cua oxy voi mot ngu yen to
khac ngoai hydro.
oxyt hoa (P.: oxyder): bi oxy tac dong vao.

91
 p
padoxuy (P.: pardessus): ao khoac.
pali (Phan): chtr sanscrit, chtr Phan.
paling (P.: palan): thi~t bi gom nhieu rang roc d~ nang V?t nang.

palet (P .: palette): 1. Bang pha rnau cua hoa S1. 2. Buc bang g6 hoac nhira
dung d~ ke hang hoa len d~ khoi cham mat dftt.

pan [xe] (P.: panne): hong hoc.

panen (P.: panel): tftm mong dung d~ lap ghep. Panen pin mat troi.
[hoa] pingxe (P. : pensee): hoa birorn.
panh (P.: pince): kep.
pand (P.: panneau): bieu ngir, bfch chuang.
pao (A.: pound): dan vi do trong hrong cua cac mroc noi tieng Anh.
paparazzi CY: paparazzi): phong vien san anh.

92
paper toy (A. : paper toy): db choi xe p bang giay: Niu trinh. a9 lam
paper toy cua ban aa pro roi, thdm chi ban con co thi th iit ki nh fmg
mdu ctr dting duoc (HHT, s6 765 , nam 200 8, tr.15) .
parabon (P. : parabole): duong cong hin h pheu, Angten parabon.
paraphin (P .: paraffine): dc1u boi tron,
paralympic (A.) paralympique (P ., ghep tir ha i nr paraplesie (liet chi
duoi) va Olympique): Dai hQi Olympic danh cho nguoi tan t~t.
parkinson (A ., tir ten bac SI Parkinson 1755-1824): benh liet run .
part-time (A .: part-time): lam viec ban thai gian : tham gia a9 i ngii dan
trang part-time cho tap chi (SVVN, s6 121, tr.18).
party (A .: party): btra tiec ,
passport (A. : passport, P .: passeport): hQ chi~u .
password (A.: password) : mat kh<iu.
pasten (P .: pastel): mau phan.
a hai ben thai dirong: bat qua dai r6i! 2. Manh
pat (P .: patte): 1. Toe mai
kim loai diroc g~n nho ra khoi mot v~t d~ tien vie c rap n6i mot vat kh ac
vao .
patang (P .: patente): bang sang che, quyen sir dung sang che.
patanh (P .: patin): 1. Van tnrot (co banh xe hoac khong) . 2. Man th~
thao tnrot van (tren mat phang nhu bang hoac ximang) .
pate (P .: pate): cha th it .
pateso (P .: pate chaud) : banh mroug co nhan thit, tnrng.
patin (P .: patine): lap ri. BJ mat cua cdc hien vdt a Ju aa bi phong ho a co
mau xdm nhat, lop patin phu ben ngoai mem nhu mot lop bui phdn (Tu6i
tre Chu nhat, s6 22 , nam 2000, tr.2 2A ). .
pay -per-view (A. : pay-per-v iew) : tra ti~n theo gio xe m truyen hinh ,
PC (A., vi~t t~t cua cum tir Personal Computer) : may tinh ca nhan.
pdf (A ., vi~t t~t cua cum nr Portabl e Document Format ): mot loai dinh
dang t~p tin .
pecmi (P .: permis de conduire): bang lai xe .
pedalo (P .: pedalo): thuyen du lich nho, co nhi~u hinh dang , di chuyen
duoc nho lire cua doi chan tac dong vao ban dap.

93
pedan (P.: pedale): ban dap (xe dap... ).
pede (P .: each goi uit cua nr pederastey: d<3ng tfnh luyen ai .
pen drive (A.: pen drive): <3 dia di dong (thuong goi la cai USB).
penalty (A.: penalty): phat d~n.
pencak silat (Indo. : peneak silat): mot mon vo thuat cua Indonexia.
penixilin cg pi (P.: penicilline): thu6e khang sinh.
perestroika (Nga: Ilepecrpotnca): tai du true (mot nQi dung trong ehfnh
such d6i moi cua Lien XO diroi thai Gorbatchov).
performance (A., P.: performance): nghe thuat trinh di~n (mot khuynh
huang nghe thuat dirong dai),

M(Jt tdc phdm thea truang phdi performance

petanque (P.: petanque): mon th~ thao bi sftt pho bi~n tai TP. H<3 Chf
Minh, la d~e trung cua mien Nam mroc Phap (mien Bfte mroc Phap goi la
boule).
pha (P. : fa): n6t nhac thir tu trong thang am do.
[den] pha (P .: phare): 1. Den ph6ng ra mot chum tia sang hQi tu v~ phfa
xa (gftn tren xe hoi hoac xe gftn may). 2. Hili dang.
pha (P. : phase): 1. Canh : mot pha gay can. 2. mot d~c di~m ky thuat
dien: dien ba pha.
94
phactuya (P.: facture): hoa don .
phang khng (P o: fantaisie) : ngau hirng.
phanh (P .: frein): thang xe .
pharaoh (A.: pharaoh): hoang d~ Ai Cap c6 dai.
pharaong (P o: pharaon): hoang d~ Ai Cap c6 dai .
pharmacie (P.: pharrnacie): hieu thuoc, phong bao che thuoc .
ph{itlang cg phrang (P .: franc) : d6ng quan (don vi tien t~ tnroc day hoac
hien nay cua mot s6 mroc nhir Phap, ThVY SI. .. ).
phatxit (P o: fasciste) : nguoi thea khuynh huang chinh tri eire do an ra doi
a mroc Y vao nam 1919.
phay (P.: faille) : ranh mrt, khe nirt.
phay (P.: fraise) : may phay, may khoan .

Ph.D. (Lat. : Philosophize Doctor, A.: Doctor of Philosoph y): bang ti ~n S1.
[can] phe (Po : affaire): ngiroi chuyen chay manh .
phe khng Nam (P .: effet): 1. x6u phe thuoc : noi v~ ngiroi nghi en (rna
uiy ...) hie bi say thuoc . 2. Noi v~ nguoi dang trong cam giac khoan khoai
caa dQ: om binh sua, em be pile luon. 3. Noi v~ v~t co th~ mang d~n cho
nguoi ta cam giac khoan khoai cao dQ: ban nhac nay nghe pile qu a !
phecmotuya cg phecmotuya Nam (P .: ferrneture [a glissierej): cai khoa
keo .
phi (Hy: <D) : mot mau nr Hy Lap , duoc dung d~ c hi dirong kfnh cua mot
v~t hinh 6ng: stit ifJ 20.
phibroximang (P .: fibrociment) : t~m lop bang ximang.
phich (P .: fiche): phieu ten sach (trong thir vien) .
phich [dien] (P.: fiche [d 'alimentation]): chui dien .
phide (P .: frise): (toe) xoan, uon .

95
philao (P. : filao) : mot loai cay nhiet doi, c6 ten khoa hoc la casuarina
equisetifolier, trong nhieu 6 cac quan dao thuoc Phap 6 Thai Binh Duong
va Uc (nen con diroc goi la thong Uc), thuong duoc trong ven bi~n d~
ngan cat lc1n chi~m dc1t lien.
phile (P .: filet) : thit thang.
phim (P.: film) : 1. V?t lieu dung d~ chup anh. 2. Tac pham dien anh.
phin (P .: filtre): bQ Ioc (caphe...).
[vail phin (P .: toile fine): vai mong va min.
phlang (P.: flan) : banh lam bang tnrng va sua.
pho khng Nam (P.: fois): lfrn thi dc1u cua mot cfru thu (trong mon da cau),
[vail pho, [giay] pho (P .: fort) : vai day, gic1y day.
pho (P .: faux) : sai, lech chuan .
pho khng (P .: defaut): c6 khuyet tat, tho, vung.
pho khng cg photo (P .: photocopier) : sao chup (tai lieu).
phoi (P .: feuille): 1. Giay to'. 2. Gic1y bien sf> d~ . Nvp phoi: cac dai ly sf>
d~ nQP danh sach nguoi choi cho nha cai.
phomai cg phomat (P.: fromage) : thirc an diroc ch~ bi~n nr darn trong
sua bo, ciru, de..., dac trung cua nguoi chau Au.
phon khng (A.: telephone) : dien thoai ,
phonclo (P. : folklore) : van hoa, nghe thuat va t?P tuc dan gian.
phong [man] (P. : fond): 1. Tc1m vai cang ra d~ lam n~n. 2. N~n (phong
canh, tranh anh...).
phongset (P.: fourchette) : nia.
phongten (P. : fontaine): voi rnroc. mroc may.
phooc khng Nam (P .: forme): hinh dang.
phoocma (P .: format): kho, kfch ca.
phoocmat (A .: format): dinh dang.
pho6cmica (ten nhan hieu hang hoa Formica"): nhira formaldehyde de
melamine, diroc dung d~ che tao cac V?t dung trong gia dlnh.
phoocmon cg phoocmon Nam (P .: formol): mot loai h6a chc1t dung d~
irop xac dong V?t d~ tranh
Sl,T phan huy.

96
phoocxep cg phoocxep Nam (P.: forceps): dung cu h6 tro sinh de trong
nhirng ca sinh kho.
ph&t khng (P.: faute): co khuyet diem, sai pham: anh dy bi plu5t nen dot
nay khong duoc ad bat.
[b~] ph&t (P .: fosse): h6 xi.
ph&t [nh6t] (P .: fosse): chi tiet may dung d~ ngan d~u nh6t trong 16c may
chay ra ngoai theo ke ho giira true xoay va 6 true.
ph6t (P.: feutre): ni, da. Mil phot,
photo (P. : photocopie, A. : photocopy): ban sao, ban chup.
photo cg pho khng Nam (P.: photocopier): sao chup (tai lieu).
photo'i (P.: fauteuil): gh~ banh.
photong (P .: photon): hat anh sang.
ph&tphat (P.: phosphate): mot 10<;1i muoi hoa hoc g6c Ian tinh , dung lam
phan bon.
ph&tpho (P. : phosphore) : chat Ian tinh .
phrang cg ph~tlang xua (P .: franc): d6ng quan (don vi tien t~ truce day
hoac hien nay cua mot s6 mroc nhir Phap, Thuy 51. 00 )'
phiide xua (P .: fourriere): noi d~ cac hien v~t bi canh sat tarn giir .
phula (P .: foulard): khan quang c6 d~ gifr ~m .
phuoc cg phuQc Nam (P.: fourche): cap ki~m (xe dap, xe g~n may) .
phuy (P .: fGt): thung to.
pi (Hy: zr): s6 pi (3,14159 . 00 )' eMit pi: ch6t co hinh con chir n, dung d~
c6 dinh mot lien k~t, nhu chot an toan cua qua hru dan.
pi cg penixilln (P .: penicilline): mot 10<;1i thuoc tru sinh. VI pi: IQ thuy
tinh nho, dung thuoc tru sinh .
pianist (A.: pianist, P .: pianiste): nghe si duong cam.
piano (P.: piano) : dirong cam.
picnic (P .: pique-nique): sinh hoat ngoai troi.
pice-metre (P.: pice-metre): 10- 12 met, mot phan ty ty met.
pil&t (P .: pilote): phi congo
pin (P.: pile): dung cu phat dien mot chi~u bang phan trng ho a hoc.

97
PIN (A ., vi~t tilt cua cum nr Personal Identify number) : rna s6 ca nhan
(cua the ATM . . .).
pinh pong (A., P .: ping-pong): bong ban .
pip (P. : pipe): 6ng v6.
pit (P .: piste): duong chay.
pft tong (P .: piston) : 1. BQ phan chuyen dQng len xuong trong long
xylan h diroc tao ra boi vu n6 h6n hop khf nen nr d6t trong. 2 . Th~ lire
nang da: anli to co pittong manh.
pitxin (P .: piseine) : h6 boi .
pixel CA.: pixel): dan vi tinh OQ phan giai .
pizza CY: pi zza) : mot loai banh d?c trung cua nguoi Y, lam nr bQt mi, co
cho them phomai, thit, dambong . . . tuy thea sa thich 61a m6i nguoi .
plangse (P .: plancher): san nha.
plaphong cg laphong (P. : plafond): tnln nha.
platrna (P. : plasma) : huyet nrong.
plattic' (P.: plastique): nhua deo.
plattic2 (P .: plastique) : thuoc n6 deo.
platin (P .: p latine) : bach kim.
play back (A.: play back): hat thea nhac da thu slln (kh6ng ccln dan nhac
d~m).

playboy (A .: playboy) : ke an choi.

play-off (A .: play-off) : tran d<lu loai true tiep.
plutoni (P .: plutonium) : mot kim loai h i~m dung trong ky thuat hat nha n.
po [anh] (P .: pose): ki eu anh .
po [xe] cg setrnang (P. : pot [dechappem ent]): 6ng xa khf thai cua xe .
N ?t po.
polit (P. : police): canh sat.
pfillme (P .: polymere) : phan nr diroc k~t hop tir nhi~u ph an nr khac . ru«
piilime : ti~n gi<ly lam bang ch<lt lieu p6 lim e.
polyester (P .: polyester): mot loai soi nhan tao.
po'luya (P .: pelure): gi<ly mong dung d~ danh may chir, vi~t thu tir ...

98
pornmat (P.: pommade): thuoc rna xirc ngoai da.
pomu (tir cua cac dan t(>c thi~u sf> a Viet Nam): mot loai g6 quy, co cac
ten thong dung khac la ngoc am, dinlt huang... Ten khoa hoc la Fokicnia
hodginsii A. Henry et Thomas.
pongsf (P.: poncho): tam nhua di mua hoac d~ lam I~u.
pongtdng (P.: ponton): cAu n6i cua ben pha,
pooclang (A., P.: nr ten dao Portland tren bien Manche, thuoc Anh):
ximang nhan tao.
poongtu (P.: pointeau): chi tiet co khf dung d~ khoa tv dong dirong dfrn
mot chat long (trong binh xang con ... ).
pop (A., viet tilt cua nr popular): mot th~ loai nhac dan gian thinh hanh a
cac mroc sir dung tieng Anh.
pop corn (A. : pop com): bap rang theo kieu My: niu ban mua pop com
chi vi an cho vui mieng thi nen tic bo thoi quen nay (SVVN, sf> 121, nam
2008, tLI8).
p&plin (P.: popeline): vai det canh xuoi.
pop-rock (A.: pop-rock): mot th~ loai nhac dan gian co nguon gf>c chau
My .
post (A.: post): giri bai viet, tap tin ... len mang: Blog master dam nhiem
cac hoat dong online nhtr post bai, marketing online, post anh san phdm
(SVVN, sf> 121, nam 2008, tLI8).
[torn] post (A.: post-Iarvar, P.: post-Iarvaire): tom con moi qua giai doan
au trung.
postcard (A.: postcard): biru thiep.
poster (A., P .: poster): bfch chuang, tam quang cao.
potang (P.: potence): 1. CQc yen (xe dap), 2. Thanh silt dirng dung d~ gill'
ghidong xe dap.
poto (P.: poteau): 1. TJ1l g6 (dung lam cot xu ban). 2. Cot doc (khung
thanh).
POW (A., vi~t tilt cua cum nr Prisoners of War): tu binh chien tranh .
PR (A., viet tilt cua cum tir Public Relation): 1. Cong viec giao t~ . 2. Dt:
quang ba (mot cong ty... ).
pressing (A.: pressing): choi ep san (bong da),

99
pro (A., each n6i tilt cua professional): chuyen nghiep : Niu trinh a(J lam
paper toy cua ban ail pro r6i, thdm chi ban con co tlIi thiit ki nhiing
mdu cu dong duac (HHT, s6 765, nam 2008 , tr.15).
profile (A.: profile): anh chan dung: cluing tbi se chuyen profile cua ban
ainllai c6n tuyen (SYYN, s6 121, nam 2008, tr.i8) .
protein (P.: proteine): ch~t darn.
proHt (P. : protide): chat darn.
protong (P .: proton) : dien tfch duong.
P.S. (Lat. , viet tilt cua cum nr Post Scriptum) : tai but.
[ao] pun (A .: pull , pull over): ao thun , ao phong.
pygiama (P .: pyjama): be> qulin ao ngu.
pygmee (P.: pygmee): (giong nguoi hoac vat) lun , tf hon.
pyrit (P .: pyrite): xunphua silt. Quang pyrit. -'

100
 Q
QANTAS (A., vi~t t~t cua cum til' Queensland And Northern Territories
Airline System) : ten mot hang hang khong cua Ottraylia,
que khng Nam cg rove (P .: revers): cu danh nghich tay (bong ban , quan
VQ1 ... ) .

quota cg cota (P .: quota) : han ngach.

[banh] quy cg [banh] bichquy (P .: biscuit): banh tay.
quylat cg culat Nam (P .: culasse): 1. Cai khoa nong sung. 2. N~p d~y
buong d6t cua dong co n6.

101
 R
ra Nam cg ga Bac (P.: drap): vai trai giuong.
dcco (P. : raccord): khop n6i (c ua 2 duong 6ng ...).
dcBing (P.: raglan): ao n6i 6ng tay vao than ao 0 nacho
radar (A., P., viet t~t cua cum tir Radio Detecting And R ang ing ): ky
thuat tham thfnh bang song vo tuyen.
radi (P.: radium): nguyen t6 hoa hoc co tfnh phon g xa.
radiO cg ladd khng Nam (P.: radio): may thu thanh.
[song] radio (P .: radio) : song vo tuyen .
radio-catxet (P.: radio-cassette): may radio k~t hop voi chirc nang thu
am va doc bang catxet.
ragu cg lagu khng Nam (P.: ragout): mot loai mon an c h~ bi~n tir thit
ninh nhir voi caror, khoai tay...
raket (P .: raquette): vot (bong ban, quan vot. . .).
ralangti cg ga angti khng Nam (P .: ralenti) : toe de> nho, chay cham (noi
v~ dong co no),
ram cg gam khng Nam (P. : rame): xap gi~y gom 500 to.
RAM (A ., vi~t t~t cua cum tir Random Access Memory) : be> nho truy xu~t
ng~u nhien, be> nho cua may vi tfnh.
ramadan (Arap: ramadan): thang an kieng cua tin d6 theo dao H6i.
Ramsar (ten mot thanh ph6 cua Iran): Cting utrc Ramsar: la mot thea
uoc quoc t~ nham bao t6n cac vung d~t ~m trot, do tfnh chat bao v~ sinh
thai ciing nhir gia tri kinh t~, van hoa, va khoa hoc, Rung ramsar: rung
n~m trong danh muc bao v~ cua cong iroc Ramsar.
[tieng] ran (P.: rale) : tieng tho kho khe (thuat ngfr y khoa).
[b6] rap (P .: rafle): lung sue .
102
[nhac] rap (A .: rap): m ot loai nhac hat nhu do c ,
raphan cg laphan kh ng Nam (P .: rafale): loat (dan), lien thanh.
[dirong] ray cg r~y khng Nam (P. : rail): duong sk
R&B (A. , viet tilt cua cum nr ryt hm -and-blues): mot dieu 'nhac thinh
hanh (y My.
re (P .: re): not nhac thir hai trong thang am do .
record (A. : record) : ban nhac thu am .
remix (A. : remix) : phoi am lai (mot ba n nhac).
[lam] reo (P .: greve): dinh congo
replay (A.: replay): chieu cham lai (mot pha bong...).
repo (A. : repository) : d ich vu c ho yay, th~ chap chirng khoan co ky han:
Do thi truong suy giam, juju hit cong ty clurng khodn dtu dd dimg
nghiep V?, rep o chung khoan ki tic qu y 1-2008 din nay (TT, 8/812008) .
r~so (P .: rechaud a petrole): bep dfru nho, co th~ di chuyen d~ dang.

resort (A. : resort): nha nghi dirong.

r~vaydong (P .: reveillon): tiec dern Giang sinh .
richter (tir ten cua nha V?t ly nguoi M y Charles F. Richter 1900 - 1985) :
thang do ch::1n dong dia ch :it.
rido (P .: rideau) : 1. Man cira. 2. Man sa n kh ::1u.
rimat (A .: remote): cai di ~u ki ~n nr xa (tivi ... ).
rippe (P. : grippe): (noi v~ pittong) bi ket trong xilanh.
rive (P .: rivet) : dinh tan .
ro (P. : carr ea u): quan bai do co nut hinh thoi.

103
robine (P .: robinet): voi mroc.
robo cg robat (A., P.: robot): ngiroi may, thii may.
[nhac] rac (A. : rock): mot th~ loai nhac dan gian cua My.
rocker (A.): ca si nhac r6c .
racket (A. : rocket, P .: roquette): phi phao, hoa ti~n.
rock'n'roll (A.: rock'n'roll) : nhu r6c.
roda cg rodai (Po: rodage) : chay ra may, chay voi t6c dl) nho d~ lam tron
dong co moi dira van v?n hanh ,
rode (P o: broder) : theu thua.
ro 'le (P o: relais ): cai di ~u khi~n dong rna tv dong. Tu lanlt co role tli tic
dong ngat dien khi nhiet tip dat tlin mire mon g muon.
roller (A. : roller): giay truot, xe tnrot.
rom cg rum (P .: rhum): nrou duoc chung dt nr mat dirong mfa .
ROM (A ., vi~t t~t cua cum tir tieng Anh Read Only Memory): bl) nho c6
dinh , khong th~ thay d6i noi dung da cai d?t tnroc.
romooc cg romooc Nam cg mooc (P .: remorque): 1. Thung moe van sau
xe hoi , xe may cay. 2. nbong Nguoi luon bam thea ai do .
ron khn g Nam cg gioang (P.: joint): mieng dem giira hai bl) phan chong
khft nhau d~ gifr khong cho khf hoac chc1t long tho at ra ngoai.

Ron pittong xe g6n may.

104
[di] ron xua (P .: ronde): di tuan tra.
roneo (P .: ronco): mot ky thuat in thu cong, dung may chir danh len gi§'y
sap (xtangxin) de due thung to' giay, sau do cho mire di qua cac 16 thung
co dang con chfr.
[chfr] rong (P.: ronde): chfr net to vi~t bang ngoi vi~t rang.
.1-: ,f...r
-. Xi / - .: . r»
. r,/t I
I
./

. / ./ / / ~ '):;-, I
1/ j' 1/'-1/ _ i I Ii r :!
~,~ , "'J f:.' t : ,;.J' ;>./"

~ , .. I f .... :l <' , . • •' I I i;"/

I .
!-}'_..J. ,
.. .r,
- - -- - -
rongden cg longd~n Nam (P.: rondelle): mieng dern nam diroi con tan de
buloong duoc chat,
rongdo (P.: rondeau): mot the nhac c6 dien chau Au.
Ronghen (tir ten cua nha v~t 19 ngiroi Dire Wilhem Conrad Rontgen
1845 - 1923): tia X.
r<rsl;lc cg sac (P.: recharge): nap dien.
roti (P. : roti): (thit) khia, quay.
roto (P.: rotor): true quay (may phat dien).
rotua cg dMua khng Nam (P .: retour): 1. Chuyen v~, tro lai . 2. Lirot
chay: m6i ngay xe chay 2 dotua.
rove cg que khng Nam (P.: revers): cu danh bang mat trai ban tay, cu bat
trai (bong ban, quan vot... ).
rowing (A.: rowing): man cheo thuyen.
rtf (A., vi~t t~t cua cum nr Rich Text Format): mot loai dinh dang t~p tin
cua may vi tfnh .
rua (P .: jour): kieu theu tao khe ho.
rubang cg ruybang (P.: ruban): diii bang.
rubi (P .: rubis): hong ngoc.
[kh6i vuong] Rubik (tir ten cua nguoi phat minh Erno Rubik): khoi
vuong ky ao.
ruld (P .: rouleau): v~t hinh tru dung de Ian khi in hoac san.

105
[sung] rulO (P.: rouleau): sung luc (co 6 dan hinh t11,1 chua 6 vien, chuyen
dQng xoay tron khi nap dan),

rum cg rom (P. : rhum): nrou manh duoc chung d.t tit mat dirong mfa.
rumba (Tbn: rumba): dieu nhay cua nguoi Antilles.
nip (Nga: pyfins): don vi ti~n t~ cua Lien XO tnroc day va Nga hien nay.
[dong] rupi (P. : roupie, A.: rupee): don vi ti~n t~ cua mot s6 quoc gia
nhu An DQ va Pakistan . :
ruybang cg rubang (P.: ruban) : dai bang.

106
 s
Sa [hoang] (P.: tsar, nr tieng Nga naps): nr dung d~ chi Hoang d~ Nga nr
1547, nam Ivan IV chfnh thirc tri vi lanh th6 toan Nga.
[vacxin] Sabin (A., ten ngiroi phat minh Albert Sabin): vacxin ngira bai
liet.
sac [pin] (P.: charger): nap dien ,
sac Nam (P.: sacrer): mang mot tran .
saccorn (P.: sarcome) : kh6i u .
[cay] sake (P.: jacquier): mot loai cay co ten khoa hoc la Artocarpus
altilis (ten thong dung bang tieng Phap la arbre a pain, nghia la ctiy bdnb
mi) , co nguon g6c nr Polynezi va Indonexia, duqc , thuyen tnrong tau
Bounty ten la William Bligh (1754 - 1817) mang sang trong a Chau My
d~ lam luang thirc nuoi no I~ (theo W ikipedia). Cung ho vo i mft, la va r~
co th~ dung lam diroc lieu tri duoc nhieu benh. Ten goi cua cay nay ~uiit
phat nr viec khi mang van Viet Nam, ngiroi Phap dung tir jacquier (mit)
d~ go i cay nay vi khong phan biet diroc IQ~i cay nay voi mft.
~ .~

Cay va qua sake

[nrou] sake (Nh .: sake): mot loai nrou truyen thong cua Nhat, duoc ch~
bi~n tir gao len men (khong qua chung cat), co d9 c6n tir 14 % d~n 17%..
sal an (P.: chaland) : loai thuyen day phang, thuong khong co mui , diroc
dung d~ chuyen cho v~t lieu nang.
107
sale (A.: sale): ban hang.
sale-off (A. : sale-off): ban hang ha gia.
saito (P.: saIto): nhay IQn meo.
satang (P .: Satan): ten cua quy dfr theo truyen thuyet cua nhieu dan toe .
sahip (P.: chaloupe): tau hang.
SAM (A.: viet t~t cua cum nr surface-to-air missile): ten rna bao ch f
phirong Tay thuong dung d~ ch i ten lira phong khong C-75 (khoi NATO
goi la SA-2 Guideline) rna Viet Nam da sir dung trong chi~n tranh chong
pha hoai cua khong quan My a mien B~c Viet Nam, rna dinh cao la tran
Dien Bien Phu tren khong vao nam 1972 tren b~u troi Ha NQi.
sam (P .: chambre): 1. Phong ngu. 2. Lang trai (quan dQi).
sam [16p] (P.: chambre a air): ruot xe .
samba (B6: samba): dieu nhay cua nguoi Braxin.
sambanh (P .: champagne): nrou lam nr nho len men , sui bot manh kh i
rna n~p chai, duoc dung trong cac dip I~ IQc, an rmrng.
samourai (Nh.: samourai): vo S1 dao.
samu (tir each goi cua cac dan tQc thieu s6 a Viet Nam): san moe (g6).
sangda (P. : soldat): lfnh Phap.
sangta (P .: chantage): gay ap hrc d~ t6ng tien.
sanscrit (Phan) : tieng Phan .
sanshu (TQ : sanshu): tan thu; giao d<1u d6i khang.
SARS (A., viet t~t cua cum nr Severe acute respiratory syndrome): hQi
chim g viern dirong ho h<1p cap.
satxi (P .: chassis): khung, siren (xe hoi).
saxophon cg xicxo (P.: saxophone): ken xacxo.

saxophonist (P.: saxophoniste): nghe si' ken x~cxo.

scooter cg xicuttrr (A. : scooter): xe g~n may co birng nhu Vespa, Attila...
108
scotch (A.: scotch whisky): nrou uytky Xc6tlen.
scudetto CY: scudetto): giai vo dich quoc gia bQ mon bong da cua Y.
SEAMEO (A ., vi~t t~t cua cum nr Southeast Asian Ministers of
Education Organization): T6 chirc cac BQ tnrong BQ Giao due Dong
Nam A .
search (A.: search): tim ki~m: search thong tin online, search hinh ann
online (SVVN, s6 121, nam 2006, tr.lS).
sec (P.: cheque): ngan phieu.
second-hand (A. : second-hand): hang dil qua sir dung.
sen Nam (P.: chaine): day truyen hJC axe dap va xe g~n may, con goi la
xfch.
sendam (P .: gendarme): hien binh .
seno (P.: cheneau): b~ xirnang xay diroi mai nha, d~ hirng mroc mua.
sensor (A.: sensor): bQ cam bi~n.
s~p (P.: chef): thu tnrong,
s~p tanh (P.: chef de train): tnrong tau .
serie cg xeri (P.: serie): 1. Loat, chuoi. 2. Phim truyen hinh nhi~u tap.
server (A. : server): may chu (noi v~ n6i mang vi tfnh) .
set (A. : set): van d~u (bong ban , quan vot ... ): mot trdn qudn vQ1 g6m ba
hade ndm set, tuy theo giai.
setmang cg po [xe] (P.: pot d'echappement): 6ng xa khf thai cua xe hoi ,
xe gan may.
setti (nr ten dong ho Chetty): nhirng ngiroi g6c An cho vay nang lili a
mien Nam thoi Phap thuoc.
set up (A.: set up): thiet k~.

109
sex (A .: sex ): goi due, tinh due ,
sex shop (A.: sex shop): cira hang phuc V1,1 cac hoat dong tinh du e ,
sex sh ow (A.: sex show): di~n thoat y.
sex tour (A.: sex tour): du lich tinh due.
sexy (A.: sexy): goi tinh, goi due,
shop (A.: shop): cira hie u,
shopping (A.: shopping): mua sam . Nguoi ta win eho rang shopping la
a(Je tinlt thien b6m cua p hu nit... (TT& VR, s6 32, 2008, tr.(0).
showroom (A.: showroom) : phong trung bay san pham.
sic (Lat.: sic): nr diroc dung d~ chu thich rang day la nguyen van loi n6i
cua nguoi nao d6.
SIDA (P., vi~t tllt cua cum tir Syndrome d'Imm unodeficience Aequise)
hQi chimg suy giam h~ mien dich mac ph ai.
[quan ao] sida khng Nam (P.: sida): (quan ao) cfi, da qua sir dung: ao
sida. Clur sida: cho ban quan ao cu.
silicate (P .: silicate): mu6i cua axit silisic, c6 thanh phan khac nhau
(SixO y). Rftt ph6 bi~n trong thien nhien.
silit (P.: silice): a kim, ky hieu h6a hoc la Si.
silicone (A., P.: silicone): ten hoa hoc la dimethylpolysiloxane, la mot
chat d6ng phan cua mot chuoi don vi co ban g6m silic, oxy va mot g6c
hfru co: Chftt nay diroc sir dung trong nhi~u nganh ky nghe . Chi loai d(tc
biet thuan chat moi duoc dung trong y khoa va giai ph~U tham my.
sim [card] (A ., vi~t tllt cua cum tir Subscriber Identity Module) : the hoa
mang dung cho dien thoai di dong,
sin (Lat.: sinus): duong bieu di~n len xuong deu nhau. Duong hinli sin .
single (A.: singles): dia don, dia mot bai hat.
singum eg chewing-gum (A. : chewing-gum): keo cao suo
sitcom (A., vi~t tllt cua cum tir Situation Comedy): hai kich tinh huong.
size (A.: size): kich ca.
skinny jeans (A. : skinny jeans): quan b6 sat van cang chan: Trang phuc
thuong thdy: tui xacli big size , qudn skinny jeans, do thun va mot ly ca
pM take-away (SVVN, s6 121 , nam 2008, tr.16).

110
slide (A.: slide): phim ducmg ban.
slow (A.: slow): mot dieu khieu vil c6 ti~t t§.u cham.
SMS (A., vi~t t~t cua cum tir Short Message Service): tin nhan bang dien
thoai di dong,
[banh] snack (A.: snack): cac loai thirc an nhe, thirc an nhanh, dtroc tre
em ua thfch.
so cg xo (P. : seau): chau, thung,
so [di~n] (A.: show): bu6i di~n. ChflY so thng: lam viec (ca nhac, bieu
di~n ...) a nhieu noi khac nhau voi tho; gian bieu r§.t xft xao.
sBc (P .: choc): chan dong (tam 19).
socola (P .: chocolat): mot loai bot che bien nr hat cay cacao, la nguyen
lieu d~ lam cac loai keo.
somi (P .: chemise): 1. Ao Au phuc ngan tay hoac dai tay. 2. Bia cirng
dung d~ dung h6 sa. 3. Nang may, noi pfttong chuyen dong toi lui.
sooc cg sooc Nam (P.: short): quAn tay bng ngan, dung d~ choi th~ thao
hoac di da ngoai . .
sBpphO' (P .: chauffeur): tai x~ .
soranh cv xoranh (P. : seringue):
. \
bng tiern.
SOS (A.: SOS): tfn hieu mo6c duoc cuoc hQi thao quoc t~ nh6m hop tai
Berlin ngay 3 thang 10 nam 1906 chon lam tfn hieu quoc t~ d~ bao nguy .
va ~in tro giup kh§.n cap (diroc phe chuan c~fnh thirc van nam 1908).
Nhieu ngtroi giai thfch rang d6 la cac nr viet tat cua cau Save Our Souls
(« Hay ciru linh han chung toi ») hoac Save Our Ship (<< hay ciru thuyen
chung toi »), nhung that ra n6 Ia ten cua mot t6ng dai a Dire (ban dAu, tfn
hieu bao nguy la CQD (Come Quickly, Distress), duoc sir dung tir nam
1904).
soul (A. : soul): mot di~u nhac cua nguoi My da den.
sound (A.: sound): am thanh.
soundtrack (A.: soundtrack): nhac phim.
sovanh (P .: nr ten nhan v~t Chauvin trong va kich La cocarde tricolore
cua anh em nha soan kich Phap ten la Cogniard van th~ ky XIX): nguoi
ai quoc CIJC doan.
spa (A.: spa): tham my vien.
spaghetti (Y.: spaghetti): mi ~ng ella Y, mi Y.
III
speaker (A ., P .: speaker) : xuong ngon vien.
start-up (A .: start-up): cong ty moi thanh lap, hoac cong ty ao . Cdc start-
up nhanh chong thu duac loi nhudn (hodc chit ydu) trong vong mot ndm
adu tien (TNCT, s6 15, nam 2000, tr.ll).
stop (A.: stop) : dirng lai.
streptornyxin (P .: streptomycine): mot loai thuoc khang sinh .
stress (A., P.: stress): cang thang than kinh.
strichnin (P.: strychnine): chat gay non, c6 trong hat rna tien.
studio (A., P .: studio): 1. Phong chup anh. 2. Phong thu am. 3. Truong
quay.
stupa (Phan : stupa): mo thap.
style (A.: style): phong each, thai trang.
stylist (A.: stylist): nha thiet k~ san kh~u: sau hai twin tdp luyen rdo riit
cung a<5i ngii stylist cua T9P chi. 30 nguoi mdu duoc chon aa chu6n bi
san sang cho dem diln... (SVVN, s6 12 1, 2008, tr.6).
su (P.: chou): bap cai.
suhao (P .: chou-rave): mot loai cu, cling ho voi cu cai.
sukr cg siiplo' (P. : chou-fleur): cai bong.
sumo (Nh. : sumo): man V?t cb truyen Nhat Ban.
[gh~] sup cg xup (P.: supplement): gh~ duoc ke them (trong rap hat, tren
xe). Khan phong phai ke them ghi sup khi diln va Nguoi V<;Y rna (Thanh
Nien, ngay 6/5/2008, tr .15).
supde (P.: chaudiere): nbi mroc dun soi trong d:1u may hoi nuoc .
supermodel (A .: superrnodel): sieu nguoi m~u.
surround (A. : surround): ky thuat tao am thanh song dong, Phim nhua,
man anli rong, am thanli surround.
sushi (Nh. : sushi): mot m6n an truyen thong cua nguoi Nhat,
susu cg su (P .: chouchoute): mot loai day leo, c6 qua rnau xanh nhat, c6
th~ an duoc ,
siit (A .: shoot) : cu da b6ng.

112
 T
tabu (P. : tabou): di~u (vat, nr ngfr. .. ) cam ky..
tiic [bong] (A.: tac kle , P .: tacIe) : soar chan d~ gianh bong, chui bong
(trong bong da).
tach (P .: tasse): ly nho co quai, dung d~ uong tra hoac c aphe .
tiicke (P .: taquet) : manh g6 hoac nhua chen van nrong d~ d~ dong dinh,
b~t vft.
tiicte (A. , P. : starter) : 1. BQ phan khoi dong dong ca. 2. Con chuot tro ng
bong den tuyp.
tiicxi (P. : taxi) : xe cho khach nho trong thanh ph6 theo yeu du cua
khach .
[vail tafta (P.: ta ffetas): mot loai vai diroc d~t thea ki~u d~t mot mfii bo
mot mfii, co nguon g6c tir xu Ba Tu.
tai chi chuan (TQ): thai ClJC quyen .
take-away (A .: take-away) : thirc an mua mang d i: Trang phuc thuong
thdy: tui xdc h. b ig size , qudn skinny jeans, do thun va mot ly ca ph e take-
a way (SVV N, s6 121 , nam 2008, tr.16).
talong (P. : talon ): 1. Got chan . 2. Vi~n 16p xe: xe b i bung tal on g ,
taluy (P.: talus): tri en doc,
ta m bong (P .: tampon ): c o n dau.
ta m long (P.: trom b lo n): sung phong hru.
tana nh (P .: ta ni n): chAt chat, lAy nr mot s6 loai thuc v~t nhu cau..., dung
trong cong nghe det n huorn.
tang (P.: tangente) : (toan) dirong tiSp tuyen voi hin h tron.
tang l (P .: ta nk): chien xa.
tang 2 [mot, hail (P. · te m ps): hiep dAu.
113
tang 3 (P.: tente): I~u vai ,
tangbo (P.: transborder): sang man (thuyen, tau hoa ...).
tangdo cg tangdira khng (P.: tendeur): thiet bi dung d€ ding day.
tanggo (P.: tango): dieu nhay hai nhip, co nguon gf>c nr Achentina.
tang mo (P.: temps mort): thoi gian chet.
tangphd (P.: transfo): cai bien dien ap (trong bong den tuyp),
tangse cg changxe khng Nam (P.: tranchee) : ham tni ~n.
tangxin cg xtangxin (P .: stencil): gi~y sap, dung d€ in tai lieu thea
phirong phap thu congo
tangxdng (P.: hypertensionj.huyet ap cao.
tanh [xe] (P .: tringle): day thep chang talong If>p xe.
tanhtid8t (P.: teinture d'iode): dung dich sat trung,
taolu (TQ): Di~n quyen, rmia quyen .
tap (P .: tape): trang danh may (bang may danh chir) ,
t~pd~ (P .: tablier): vai che tnroc nguc diroc mang hie lam bep.
tapi (P .: tapis) : t~m tham (d~u vat).
taplo [dien] (P .: tableau): bang gan 6 cam dien.
taro (P .: taraud): dung cu lam rang buloong va con tan .

tavet (P .: traverse): thanh ngang cua dirong ra y.

tilyeundo cg teeundo Nam (HQ: taekwondo): thai C\fC dao.
team (A. : team): dQi: chi cdn team khoang 3 ngutri, choi tren nua san
(HHT , sf> 765, nam 200 8, tr.1 4) .
tee cg xitec, xitec (P .: citeme): b6n chua, xe b6n .
[g6] t~eh (P .: teck, M it thekku) : mot loai cay cho g6 r~t b~n va cirng (cg
gia ty) .

114
techno (A : techno): mot loai nhac hien dai.
tecm6t cg tf(cm6t (P.: thermos): binh mroc nong.
tecundo cg tayc u n d d Nam (HQ: taekwondo): thai eire dao.
[tuoi] teen (A: teenage): tu6i til 13 dSn 19, tu6i thanh thieu nien .
teen boy (A: teen boy) : ban trai tu6i thanh thieu nien : Teen boy dy chinli
la NCR, thi vao khoa Xiiy dung cua Dai hoc Bach khoa (HHT, s6 765,
2008, tr.8).
teen-diva (A : teen-diva): ngoi sao ca nhac thanh thieu nien .
teen-pop (A. : teen-pop) : nhac pop danh cho tu6i thanh thieu nien.
teflon (ten nhan hieu hang h6a) : mot loai vai chiu nhiet.
[o ng kfnh] tele (P. : teleobjectif) : 6ng kfnh chup xa .
tern (P .: timbre): con tern, con co (buu dien).
tennit cv tennis (A, P. : tennis): quan vot.
tenor (P .: tenor): giong nam cao
ter (Lat. : ter) : (thirong chi diroc dung trong each d~t s6 nha, dS phan biet
voi ha i nha co cung s6 ben canh) thir ba: duong Ngo Quydn co ba nha
cling sc : nha 15, 15 bis va 15 ter.
test cg tet (A , P.: test) : 1. Xet nghiem (mau...). 2. sat hach (trinh dO...).
testosteron (P .: testosterone): kfch thfch t6 sinh due nam.
theme (P .: theme) : chu dS: T. T. T. t6 cdo mot blogger nick Tra cy an dip
theme va avatar cua co dua vd blog minli... (TT&VH cuoi tuan, s6 34
nam 2008, tr.61).
ti (P .: tige): mot chi ti~t may hoac V?t dung co hinh dang da i va tron . Ti
19]J mai ton .
TI (A.: viSt t~t cua cum til Transparency Internationals : T6 c hirc M inh
bach the gioi.
TIC (P., viSt t~t cua cum til Technologies de I'information et de la
communication): cong nghe thong tin va giao tiep,
TICE (P ., viSt t~t cua cum til Technologies de l'information et de la
communication pour l'education) : Cong nghe thong tin va giao tiSp irng
dung cho giao due.
tfckf (P .: ticket) : phieu, ve .
tie-br~ak (A : tie-break) : loat gio d~u phu dS phan thang bai trong mot
set quan vot,
115
tigon (P .: antigone) : mot loai day leo co hoa mau hong.
tip (A. : tip): thu thuat, manh loi, meo vat : toi dd thanh cong trong viec
"giii sue khoe'' tui tidn bang nhiing tips don gian (SVVN, s6 121 , narn
2008, tr.1 8)0
tira cg tirai (P o: tirage) : s6 IUQ11g ban in cua mot to- bao hoac sach ,
titan (P o: titane): mot loai kim loai cimg va nhe, duoc dung nhieu trong
nganh hang khong va khong gian .
tit (P .: titre): nra bai bao: hom nay, cdc bao chay tit Ion vd v~ ...
tiu (A .: drive): cu d?p bong manh (bong ban, quan vot).
tivi (A.: T V, each go i Hit cua nr telev ision): truyen hinh.
TNT (P o, viSt Hit cua nr trinitrotoluene): mot loai ch11t n6 manh.
toa let (P o: toilettes) : nh a v~ sinh .
[vail toan (P o: toile): 1. Viti ve tranh. 20 T ranh ve tren viti.
t6c cg t6cke (P o: toqu e): tun g nrng, man m an, gan gan .
TOEFL (A., viSt tiit cua cum nr Test of En glish as a Fo reign Languag e):
ky thi sat hach trinh dQ tieng Anh nhu la ngoai ngir.
t01 (Po : treuil): dung cu d ung d~ nang hoac keo v?t nang ,

Tai quay tay

tornat (P.: tom ate): ca chua.
tom bola (Po: tombola) : x6 s6 rna ngiroi tning nh an bang hien V?t (thirong
la d~ ga y quy nr thi en) .
ton [lop nha] (P.: tole): t11m kim loai thuong duoc tao hinh dQ11 song d~
tang dQ cirng, thuong dung d~ 19p nha.
toner (A.: toner): mire in, mire photo.
tong l (P .: ton): giong noi : anh dy noi chuyen voi tong tram trdm.
116
tong2 [rnau] (P.: ton) : cac s~c thai cua mQt mau,
tfmgdo (P .: tondeuse) : dung CI,l hot t6c.
[thung] tono (P. : tonneau): thung g6 to.
top (A. : top): nh6m dirng d~u. Bai hat dang dung 0- Top 10 trong twin.
top hit (A. : top hit): d~u bang.
top model (A.: top model) : ngiroi m~u hang d~u.
tAp (P .: stop): dirng lai,
totem (P .: totem): lin h v.;it (cua mot bQ tQc).
tour (P .: tour): chuyen (du lich).
tourist guide (A.: tourist guide): hirong d~n vien du lich.
track (A .: track): ban nhac,
[xe] tricxong (P .: traction avant): xe hoi truyen hrc chuyen dong vao hai
banh truce. Hfi1f~ Citroen n6i tiing vai loai xe tracxong.

Xe tracxong hieu Citroen

transistor (P. : transistor) : 1. Ch~t ban d~n. 2. Dai ban d~n.

transit (A., P. : transit): qua canh.
tremolo (P.: tremolo, tit tieng Y tremolo): ky thuat rung day dan .
[am ] trep (A. : treble): am cao.
triathlon (P. : triathlon): th~ thao ba man phf>i hop.
[ken] trompet (P .: trompette): mot loai ken d6ng cua phirong Tay.

117
trumpet (A.: trumpet): x trumpet.
trust (A.: trust): t~p doan kinh t€ tai chfnh.
T-shirt (A., P.: T-shirt): ao phong, ao thun.
tua' (P.: tour): vong quay, lUQ1:.
tua 2 [gac] (P.: tour): choigac, thap canh.
tuavit cg tUQcvit Nam (P.: toumevis): cai v~n dinh vito
tUQcvit bake Nam (P.: toumevis Parker): cai v~n dinh vft 4 canh,
tu6cbin cg tuabin (P .: turbine): dong co v~n hanh bang sire mroc hoac
khf.
tut 1 (P .: cartouche): 1. Cay thu6c lao 2. VO dan .
tut 2 (P.: retouche) : tan trang. T6i vira moi cho tut lai, chide xe moi bong
nhu thi
tuydd (P. : tuyau): 1. Duong 6ng. 2. Nguon °tin.
tuylip (P.: tulipe) : hoa mit kim cuong, loai hoa bi~u trung cua Ha Lan.

[vail tuyn (P. : tulle): vai man thua.

[gach] tuynen (P.: tunnel): 10 (nung gach) dai nhu dirong ham.
tuyp (P.: tube): 6ng hinh tru: 6ng tuyp me bugi. Den tuyp , Tuyp thu6c. .
TV cv tivi (A.: vi~t t~t cua nr television): may truyen hinh.
TVA (P.: taxe a valeur ajoutee): thu€ gia tri gia tang.
typ (P. : type): Ioai , kieu, m~u: chi co viem gan sieu vi thuoc typ A moi
lay qua duong an uong (Thanh nien cuoi tuan, s6 32, nam 2000, tr.40).
[in] typo (P .: typographie) : ky thuat in bang each rap tirng con chfr .

118
 u
ubich cg obuyt, obich khng Nam (P.: obus): dan phao.
UEFA (A. , vi~t H\t cua cum tit Union of European Football
Associations): Lien doan bong da Chau Au.
UHF (A., vi~t t~t cua cum tit Ultra High Frequency): tAn s6 eire cao.
UN (A., vi~t t~t cua cum tit United Nations): Lien Hiep Quoc.
UNCAC (A., vi~t t~t cua cum tit United Nations Convention against
Corruption): Cong iroc chong tham nhfing cua Lien Hiep Quoc.
UNDP (A ., vi~t t~t cua cum tit United Nations . Development
Programme): Chuang trinh phat trien Lien Hiep Q uoc.
UNESCO (viet t~t cua cum tit United Nations Educational, Scientific
and Cultural Organization): T6 chirc Giao due, Khoa hQC va Van hoa
Lien Hiep Quoc .
UNHCR (viSt t~t cua cum tit United Nations High Commissioner for
Refu gees): Cao uy Lien Hiep Quoc v~ ngiroi ty nan .
UNICEF (viet t~t cua cum tit United Nations International Children 's
Emergency Fund): t6 chirc tien than cua Quy Nhi d6ng Lien Hiep Quoc
(United Nations Children 's Fund), mac du dii mang ten moi nhirng v~n
gift each viet t~t thea ten cu.
update (A.: update): cap nhat.
upload cg up khng (A.: upload): dira len mang.
UPS (A., viSt t~t cua cum tit Un interruptible Power Supply): thiSt bi luu
dien.
urani (A., P. : uranium): kim loai quy hiem, dung lam nguyen lieu hat
nhan.
[phan] ure (P .: uree): phan darn.

119
USB (A., vi~t t~t cua cum nr Universal Serial Bus): 1. Mot loai cong giao
tiep cua may vi tfnh. 2. 6 dia di dong (each goi thong dung) ,
USD (A. : vi~t t~t cua cum tir United States Dollar): dong dola My, duoc
bieu thi bing ky hieu $.
usu cg uSU (TQ): vo thuat Trung Quoc (ngay xira ta thuong goi la vo
Tau).
UV (P., vi~t t~t cua cum nr ultra-violet): tia CIJC tim.
uytki (A.: whisky): loai nrou manh dZic tnrng cua Xcotlen.

120
 v
v~cxanh cg v~cxin (P.: vacci n): thuoc chung ng ira .
Valentin (P.: Sain t-V alentin ) cg Valentine (A.: Saint-Valentine 's Day
hoac Valentine ' s D a y): ngay thanh Valentin, nrc ngay 14 tha ng 2, duoc
Ie
chon lam ng ay Tinh yeu.
'1'0.\ \ W:. 'l'O.\\~IC)·. \\1rn\%, \\~m.
van (P .: valve ): chi ti~t IcY thuat cho phep chat kh f di van rna khong tro ra
duoc. Benh hep van tim . Van bdnh xe dap.
van (A .: van) : xe mini bu yt.
van (P .: vanne) : tam kim loai hoac g6 co the nang len ho ac ha xuong d~
di ~u chi nh luu hrong cua mot dong rnroc (d~p thuy 19i...) hoac mot ch§.t
long. cha t khf (o ng d~n dau , kh f. . .).
vang (P.: vin) : nrou cha t, nro u do diroc lam nr nho.

vani (P .: vanille) : huang lieu dung trong thirc ph am .

[dieu] vanxrr cg van (P. : valse ): dieu khieu vii n6i tieng cua chau Au.
faa] varrri (P.: vareuse) : ao vii day mac ngoai d~ lao dong.
vaselin (P .: vaseline) : hop c hat lay tir dftu mo, dung d~ boi tron hoac
chong kho da .
VA T (A., vi~t tiit cua cum nr Value A dde d Tax ): thu e gia tri gia tang.
VCD (A. , viet t~t cua cum tir Video Comp ac t Disc) : rna hinh.
121
vel (P.: verre): 1. Thuy tinh: thu mua ve chai. 2. khng Nam chai: uong
mot ve cho mat.
[xanh] ve 2 (P.: vert): xanh la cay.
[dau] ve 3 cg cove (P .: haricot vert): d~u Hoa Lan.
ve 4 [ao] (P.: revers): c6 ao I~t.
vecni cg vecni Nam (P.: vernis): d~u bong dung d~ quet len gll.
vecto (P.: vecteur): 1. Doan thang co dinh huong (toan hoc). 2. Y~u t6
mang mam benh co th~ lay Ian.
veejay cg VJ (A.: veejay, VJ, vi~t t~t cua Video Jockey): ngiroi d~n
chirong trinh.
ven (P.: veine) : tinh mach: thu6c tiem ven.
vet (P .: veste): ao mac ngoai ki~u chau Au.
vettfmg (P .: veston): be> comle.

vetxi (P .: vessie) : 1. Sam hoi (banh xe, qua bong...). 2. Bang quang.
VHF (A., vi~t tl1t cua cum nr Very High Frequency): t~n s6 cao.
[bang] video (P .: video): bang hinh,
video clip (A.: video clip) : doan bang hinh minh hoa bai hat.
video game (A. : video game): tro choi dien tiro
video tape (A. : video tape): bang hinh.
vila (P. : villa): biet thu.
violet (P .: violette): hoa tim.
violin (A. : violin): VI cam,
violong (P .: violon) : VI earn.

122
viOlongxen cg cello (P.: violoncelle): nhac cu gi6ng nhtr VI cam, nhung
r~t to, phai ty len san nha dS keo,

VIP (A., vi~t t~t cua cum tir Very Important Person): nhan v~t quan
trong.
virut cg viruyt (P.: virus): sieu vi.
visa (P .: visa): chieu khan, thi thirc,
[dinh] vit (P.: vis): dinh 6c .
vit [chat] (P.: visser): dong chat.
vitamin (P. : vitamine): sinh t6.
vitco (P.: viscose): vai tho.
VOA (A., vi~t t~t cua cum tir Voice ofAmerica): dai tieng noi Hoa Ky.
[khan] voan (P .: voile): vai thira.
vrrdet (P.: vedette): ngoi sao (ca nhac, dien anh...).
vol. (A. , P., viet t~t cua nr volume): quyen, t~p (sach), cuon, rna (nhac,
phim...).
voHing (P .: volant): 1. Tay lai xe hoi . 2. Banh tron cua cac dQng ca.

123
voHiy (A.: volley-ball): bong chuyen.
vole (P.: volee): bong dang bay. Blit vole thng: da bong khi bong chua
cham dl1t.
volume (A., P .: volume): am hrong (cua may phat thanh, phat hinh ...).
von (P.: volt): dan vi do dien the.
v6tca (Nga: BO.lJ.Ka): nrou manh d?c tmng cua Nga va Ba Lan, duoc
chung dt nr Ilia mi, Ilia mach, khoai tay hoac cu cai dirong.
VSOP (A ., vi~t Hit cua cum nr Very Superior Old Pale): nrou conhac co
It nhat 4,5 tuoi tnroc khi dong chai.
[ky thuat] VTR (A.: vi~t tiit cua cum nr Video Tape Recorder): ky thuat
thu bang hinh (cua cac ky thuat vien dai truyen hinh) ,

124
 w
walkman (A., ten hang h6a): may nghe nhac bo tiii, sir dung bang catxet.

watabi (Nh .: watabi): mot loai mutat dung d~ an m6n sushi.

WB (A., viet t~t cua cum nr World Bank): Ngan hang Th~ gi6i .
WC (A ., viet t~t cua cum nr Water Closed): nha v~ sinh .
web cg website (A. : website): 1. Trang mang. 2. Dia chi tren mang.
webcam (A. , ghep tir 2 nr web va camera) : may vi tfnh c6 trang bi bng
kfnh thu hinh va truyen hinh anh qua dirong truyen Internet.
WEF (A., vi~t t~t nr cum tir World Economic Forum ): Di ~n dan kin h t~
th ~ gioi , t6 chirc tai Davos (Thuy S1).
WHO (A ., vi ~t t~t cua cum tir World Health Organisation ): T 6 chirc Y t~
th ~ gioi .
wi-fi (A., vi~t t~t cua cum nr Wireless Fidelity ): nbi mang m ay tfnh
khong dn day.
World Cup (A. : World Cup): G iai VO dich b6ng da th~ gi 6i .
w'! A (A. , v i~ t t~t cua cum nr Wom en's Ten nis A ssociation ): H iep hQi
quan vot rnr.
WTO (A ., viet t~t cua cum tir World Tra de Organization): T6 chirc
Thirong mai th~ gioi.
wushu cv uSU (TQ) : vo thuat Trung Quoc (ngay xira ta thuong goi la vo Tau).
www (A., viet t~t cua cum nr World Wide Web) : mang toan duo
125
 x
xa beng (P. : pince-monseigneur): thanh silt dai (xa) dung d~ nh6 dinh,

xabo (P.: sabot): guoc co d~ to, cao.

xabd (P. : sapotillier) : x xaboche,
xaboche cg xacoche, xacuche khng Nam (P. : sapotier, sapotillier): h6ng
xiern, ten khoa hoc la Manilkara zapota hoac Achras sapota, co nguon
g6c nr qu~n dao Caribe va Trung My.

xabong Nam cg xaphong (P.: savon): ch~t dung d~ tarn gi;;it.

xic [tay] (P .: sac): tui xach tay cua phu nfr.
xac{)t cg xicc8t (Pc .sacoche): nii nho deo a vai hoac treo a sau xe dap.

126
[ken] xiicxo (P. : saxophone): mot loai ken Tay.
xalach cg xalach (P .: salade): 1. M Qt loai rau cai. 2. Mon rau tron .
xalim (P. : cellule): nha b iet giam.
xalong (P .: salon) : 1. P hong khach. 2. Gh~ banh . 3. Phong trun g bay:
salon otO.
xalu (P.: salaud): tieng chiri rna (co nghia la a6 aiu).
xamova (Nga: CaMOBap): llm dun mroc pha tra cua mot s6 dan tQc nhu
Nga, Ba Tu (Iran ngay nay) ...

xamxdnai (A. , ten nhan hieu hang hoa Samsonite): mot loai cactap bang
chllt li~u tt>ng hQ'P.

xang cg etxangxua (P. : essence): nhien lieu dung dS chay dong co nt> .
xang (P .: cent): mot tram. GMy xiing khng Nam xua: gia y bac co gia tri
Ian. Xai gMy xiing thng Nam: hay chiri th~ khi no i chuyen ,
xangda (P.: soldat): lfnh: Toy xangda .
xangdan (P .: sandale): dep co quay hau.
xangphu (P. : s'en fout) : bllt cAn, coc cAn !
xangtimet (P .: centimetre ): dan vi do lu ang chieu dai, bang 1/100 met,
con go i la phan.
xanguych (A.: sandwich): 1. Banh mi thit. 2. Dao tao theo dang
x iing uych: dao tao thea tho; gian biSu xen ke, mot tho; gian 6 trong
mroc , mot tho; gian 6 mroc ngoai (thuong ap dung cho bac Ti~n si) .
xa p hi a (P.: saphire): lam ngoc.
127
...

xaphong cg xabong Nam (P.: sa von): chat dung d~ tarn giat,

xatanh cg xateng Nam (P.: satin): lua, vai lanh.
xcangdan cg xicangdan (P.: scandale): vu be b6i, tai tieng.
xe khng Nam (A .: set): van dc1u (bong ban , bong chuyen...). VO xe: b~t
d~u tran dc1u.
xec (P. : sec): ut5ng xec: uong nrou khong co da lanh.
xec (P .: sers) : giao bong (trong cac mon bong ban , bong chuyen , diu
long...).
xecmang (P. : segment): bac (gan van pfttong cua dong CCY no).

xecvia (P.: servir): phuc vu (ban an).

xecv ft (P.: service): giao bong (trong cac mon bong ban , bong chuyen,
cau long...).
xernlna cg xemine (A .: seminar, P. : serninaire) : h(>i thao chuyen d~.
xen (P .: scene): canh , man .
xenlo cv cello (Y : violoncello): x violiingxen.
xe n lu lo (P .: cellulose): chat XCY trong mo thuc vat.
xe ra rnfc (P.: cerami que): g6m sir. Gach x eram ic : gach co ph am ch c1t
nhir gom SU, duoc d ung d~ 1M n~n hoac trang tri .
xe renat (P .: serenade): khuc nhac ban chieu.
xe ri (P .: sene): 1. Hang loat. 2. Phim truyen hin h.
xerum (P. : se ru m) : h uyet than h.

128
XiI eg xia (P .: eire): 1. Ch~t sap dung dS bao v~ da giay. 2. Ch ~t sap dS
niern phong.
[n6t] xe (P.: si): n6t nhac thir bay trong thang am do .
xi khng Biie (P .: as): quan at trong c6 bai Tay.
xicangdan eg xcangdan (P.: scandale): vu be b6i, tai tieng.
[day] xfch (P.: cycle, cfing co thS la rut gon tir xucxicb do day xfc h co
hinh dang giong voi xucxichy; 1. Day sen (xe dap, xe g~n may...). 2. Day
loi toi.
xichlf (P .: cy cl opousse): xe cho khach ba banh , di chuyen diroc nho lire
tac dQng van ban dap nhu xe dap.
xi~c eg xi~c khng Nam (P .: cirque): nghe thuat biSu di~n dira tren su kheo
leo cua ngiroi hoac thii.
[binh] xi~c khng Nam eg xuy~t (P .: survolteur) : 1. Dung cu tang dien ap ,
2. Danh b~t ca bang each dung dung cu tang dien ap: di xuyet ca .
xiga eg xiga (P .: cigare) : thuoc dieu to, duoc van bang la thuoc,
xike (A .: skag): mot loai rna tuy,
xilanh (P .: cylindre) : nang (cua dong co may no). Xoay xilanh.
xilip eg quan xi khng Nam (A. , P .: slip): quan lot.
xilo (P.: silo): kho chua thoc.
ximach (A .: smash): cii d~p bong bong (tennft, du long) .
ximang eg xirnoong, xirnon Nam xua (P.: ciment): chat k~t dfnh dung
tro ng xay dung.
xirnili (P .: simili-cuir): gia da .
xine (P.: cine): rap chi~u phim.
xlnet (P.: [ill s'enerve): n6i nang.
[den] xinhan eg nhan khng Nam (P .: signal): 1. Den bao hieu. 2. Bao
hie u: khi nao gan din thi nhan eho toi nhe!
xinhe (P .: signifier): co y nghia, co hieu qua: noi ly le voi no khong x inhe
gi dtiu !
xlnhong (P.: chignon): biii toe.
xlphong (P. : siphon): 6ng uong cong thirong dung trong phong thf nghiem,

129
xipo (P. : sport): th~ thao.
xiren (P .: sirene): 1. Coi tau. 2. Coi bao dong,
xirf (P .: sirap) : 1. NU<Jc dirong duoc nciu chin. 2. Thu6c mroc co pha
duong cho tre con . .
xitdoca (P.: side-car): mota kern, mota ba banh.

xitec cg xitec Nam, xe tee (P .: citeme): xe bon, b6n chua.

xite (P .: stere): met khoi (g6 ).

[chup] xiti (A. : CT Scan , vi~t tAt cua cum til" Computed Tomography
Scan ): chup cat lap.
xitin (P.: style): phong each .
xitrum (P. : schtroumpf): ten cua mot giong nguoi tf hon trang b9 truyen
tranh 24 t~p cung ten , do Pierre Culliford (Hi) sang tao ra. D?c diem cua
giong ngiroi tf hon nay la trang ngon ngtt cua ho , til" schtroumpf diroc
dung d~ chi rcit nhieu S\I v~t va hanh d9ng khac nhau.
[vail xiu (A. : silk ): lua .
130
xivin (P.: civil): da n SIJ. M!ic xivin: noi v~ quan nhan nhung mac d6 dan
thirong.
XO (A.: vi~t t~t cua cum nr Extra Old): nro u conhac co tu6i it nhat la 6
nam tnroc khi va chai .

xo eg so (P.: seau): chau, thung dWlg mroc.

XO' (P. : seeur) : ten goi cua cac nil' tu dao T hien C hua.
xoa (P.: soie): lua,
xoare (P .: soiree) : yay da hoi, yay cum cua CO dau.
xocua (P .: secours): he> tro, dir phong: banli xe xacua.
xoda (P.: soda): mot loai mroc giai khat.
xollt (P. : soliste): di~n vien dQc t~u, dQc di~n.
xolo (P .: solo): dQc t~u , dQc di~n .
[n6t] xon (P .: sol) : n6t nhac thir nam trong thang am do.
[ban] xon (P.: solde): ban ha gia.
xomit (P. : sonate): mot th~ loai nhac c6 di~n: ban xoruit ann trdng.
xone (P. : sonnet): mot th~ loai tho cua Phap, gorn 14 cau, phan thanh hai
doan b6n cau va hai doan cuoi ba cau, Bai xone cua Arvers.
xonphe (P .: solfege): bai xtr6ng am.
xoong [n6i] (p.: casserole): v~t dung bang nhom hoac gang dung d~ nau an.
[cai] xoong eg [xalach] xoong (P .: cresson): mot loai rau co th~ an song
hoac n~u canh.

131
xopha (P.: sofa): ghS dai, tnrong ky o
xopranf cv soprano (P .: soprano): giong nfr cao
xoranh cv soranh (P .: seringue): 6ng chich.
xort (P .: cerise): mot loai qua nho co hinh dang va kfch co g~n giong voi
qua cerise cua Phap, thuoc ho Malpighiales, giau vitamin, diroc trong r~t
nhieu a Nam b(> .

xBt (P .: sauce): mroc cham,

xovi~t (Nga: cOBeT): dp chfnh quyen co sa a Lien XO.
xtato (P.: stator): b(> phan c6 dinh cua mot t6 may phat dien .
xtangxin cg tangxin (P. : stencil): gi~y sap, dung d~ in roneo.
xte cg xite (P. : stere): met kh6i.
xtereo cg xte (P. : stereophonique): am thanh n6i.
xiI" (P.: monsieur): ong.
xubap cg xucbap khng Nam (P .: soupape): vandiroc dung trong viec hut
h6n hop khf va xang vao buong d6t va d:1y h6n hop dil d6t ra ngoai ,
xuchieng (P .: soutien-gorge): ao ngirc cua phu nfr.
xucxich (P. : saucisse): mot loai thirc pham che biSn g~n giong voi d6i
he<;> hoac lap xirong cua Viet Nam, duoc kSt thanh chu6i dai nhieu doan
ngan.
xu me cg xu men (P. : sous-main): ulm lot tren ban viet d~ di;it gi~y to' len
d~ viSt hoac d~ dong con dau,
xunpha (P.: sulfamide): mot loai tru sinh tong hop.
xunphat (P .: sulfate): muoi cua axft xunphurfch.
xunphua (P .: sulfure): hop chat cua hru huynh.
xtip (P.: soupe): canh, mroc leo, mroc dung.
[ghS] xup cg sup (P.: supplementaire): [ghS] phu, b6 sung them.
132
xupde (P .: chaudiere): nbi dun mroc (trong may hoi mroc).
xuple (P .: souffler): tau rut coi chuan bi khoi han h,
xiit (P.: soude): mot h6a chftt co ban trong nganh h6a hoc,
xuvonia (P .: souvenir) : ky nie m ,
xuya (P.: sur): an toan, chac chan.
[binh] xuyet Nam cg xi~c khng Nam (P .: survolteur): 1. Dung cu tang
dien ap . 2. Danh b~t ca bang each dung dung cu tang dien ap: di xuyet ca .

133
 v
yakusa (Nh.: yakusa): t6 chirc tQi pham bf mat (y Nhat, tuong tv nhu
rnaphia (y Y.
yaourt cv da ua khng Nam (P.): sua chua.
yard (A.: yard): rna (don vi do chi~u dai cua mot s6 quoc gia n6i tieng
Anh, vi~t Hit Ia yd). 1 yd = 3 feet = 36 inch = 0,9144 rn.
[dong] yen (Nh.: yen): don vi ti~n t~ cua Nhat ban.
yoga cg dugia (Phan: yoga): thien, dugia,
yoni (Phan: yoni): sinh thirc khf nir.

134
 z
zero cg dero cg xirf khng Nam (P.: zero): s6 khong.
zichzac cg dichd~c (P .: zigzag) : hinh chfr chi .
zoom (A.: zoom) : 6ng kinh co th~ thay d6i tieu cu d~ phong to hoac thu
nho hinh anh.

135
TU BtEN TU VAY MU(jN TRONG TrENG V$ H¢N D.{\I
Trfut Thanh Ai

... ,,' ?
NHAXUATBAN
D~I HQC ouoc GIA TP HO CHi MINH
KP 6 , P. Linh Trung, Q. Thu Dttc, TPHCM
86 3 Corig truo ng Qu6c te', Q . 3 , TPHCM
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Ch iu tracli nhiem. xtuit ban:

TS HuYNH BA LAN
Bien tap :
NGUYEN HuYNH
Sua ban in:
ouoc AN
T r in h bay bia:
YO TRQNG LUAT
Dan uti Nguai lien k~t
vt: XuAN TRUONG

TK. 01. Tf>(V) 543-2009/CXB/03-49 T f>.T K .42 1 - 09(T)

f> HQ G .HC M- 09

In 10 00 cudn kh6 16 x 24em. So

dang ky ke' hoach xuat ban: 543
- 20 09/CXB/03-4 9ID H QGT P H C M . Quye't dinh xuat ban so: 193/QD-
DHQGTP H CM ca'p ngay 23/5/2008 cua NXB DHQGTPHCM. In ta i
C6ng ty in H ung P h u. I n xong v a ncp hill chieu Qui IV/2009 .
"S7 Gia:30.000 d