we SU ST) oy @ Listen and repeat. Then act out. They say, an apple a day keeps the \ doctor away. Ie that true, Phil? ‘And, what does \ain ontion do, Philgy rain —— ail Affirmative Negative Inte i | | | | Long form Short form Hak do not tak I don't talk Do talk? You talk Youdonottak | Youdon'ttak | Do you talk? He talks He does not talk He doesn't talk Does he talk? She talks | Stedoes nottak | She doesnt ik | Does she tak? ittalks Itdoes not ak | doesnt ik Does i talk? We tak We donot tak | We don't tak | Do we talk? You talk You do nottak — | You don't talk Do you talk? They tak They do nottalk | They don'ttalk | Do they talk? We use the present simple for permanent states or habitual actions. Spelling verbs ending in -ss, -sh, -ch, -x,-o —> -es | watch — he watches | verbs ending in consonant + y —> + -ies | study — he studies BUT I buy- he buys Ij Time expressions used with the present simple: | neers a every day every morning —_| every year at night inthe afternoon | in the evening always usually often never rarely sometimes, etc. Questions and short answers ~ Questions Short answers Do lwe/youlthey ike cherries? | Yes, welyouthey do. 7 No, ime\oulthey dont Doo he/shert tke cheries? | Yes, hejhelt does. 7 No elste/t doesnt 4hPresent Simple @ @ Write the verbs in the third person singular. 1 Ifly-it. lee, 4 Iplay-she . 7 Ido-he ...... 2 yourun—he......... 5 wehury-he . 8 yousee-he . 3 wecatch—she ........ 6 youstay-she .. 9 they take ~ he Pronunciation @ ©) Put the verbs in the correct column in the third person singular. Listen and check. Listen and repeat. work play come walk swim visit ride speak watch talk laugh fish wash close. == open sit. go dance drive sleep stay know teach buy e Circle the correct form of the verb. 1 Chice watch /(watches)TV every evening. : 7 Weilive /lives in a big house 2 Our teacher read / reads lots of books. 8 The boys hate / hates fish 3 Dad. go/goes to work by bus every morning. . 9 My mum wear / wears a uniform to work 4 | drink / drinks lots of water. 10 Heride /rides his bike to school every morning, 5 Paul fly/ flies his kite on windy days. 11 usually fish / fishes in the river near my house. 6 The children play / plays in the park on 12. They are from Italy. They speak / speaks Saturdays. italian. 4 Complete the sentences. | Long Form Short Form 1 She ..... 4062... not like apples. = ADGEN Ecce like apples. 2 We ........... not work on Sundays. work on Sundays. 3 He .. - Not help me. -- help me. 4 They not drive fast « drive fast. +++ Not fly.DD Present Simple & Put the verbs in brackets into the present simple. My friend Cathy 1) .. 4 ---» (have) a horse. It 2). sss++ (be) a beautiful animal with big eyes anda long tall Its name 3)..... . (be) Bella and ia eenee...-- ~ (ove) people 165) -.c+se-o tliat (notice) or bite 16) - (be) very friendly Beau: gust - .« (e20 applesand hay butlly EZ aa cess seccs. (notfeat) meat. Horses 9). Sa «is, (notllike) meat. Since it 10) « «++ (fain) a lot in England, Bella Miss. srdilees.-a.+ac60-~...adGleeplin astable Cathy 12) e002 2e. - (ride) her horse every day after school. She 13) ... (not/ride) into the town because there 14) ........ ssceesses (be) a lot of traffic on the roads. There 15) ..........--+ <<... (notibe) many cars in the country, so any 16) (take) Bella there. | It17).. - (not/be) easy looking after a horse but Cathy 18) .. (enjoy) it very much! 8 Look at Ex. 5 again. Then mark the sentences as true (T) or false (F). Correct the false sentences. 1 Cathy has a dog ae eet t. have A dod. 4 Bella doesn't eat meat A 5 Cathy takes Bella to the country. 2 Bella loves people. 6 Horses sleep in a house 3 Bella eats carrots. @ Ask and answer questions with your partner as in the example: ' 1 getup early 4 like sweets 7 watch TV | 2 like pop music 5 gotobed late 8 drink milk 3 tidy your room 6 ike fruit 2k you like - aClock B: Ni rt. | Ith Kk mugic. etcll ; AnhPresent Simple @ ® Complete the text with the correct form of the verbs in the list. like (x2) live be travel += make ~— sing read. go This is Michael Johnson. He 1). ../.... a famous rock star. He 2)......... in America, He 3) all around the world and 4) «in rock concerts. He 5) -....-+.. his songs and 6) ......... his own video clips. In his free time, he 7) staying at home listening to his CDs. At weekends, he usually 8) ......... to expensive restaurants with his friends. He also9)-........ alot of books about strange things. | can’t wait to see him perform live. 110)... him so much. go Put the verbs in brackets into the present simple. A day in the life of a farmer John Fields 1) .../2... (be) a farmer. He 2) (get up) at 5 o'clock in the morning. He 3 (wash), 4) (get) dressed and 5) (have) breakfast. He 6 (put on) his coat and 7) (go) outside. He 8) (milk) the cows early in the morning. His wife and children 9) (not/get up) so eariy. They 10) (get up) at 7 o'clock. His wife 11) (feed) the chickens and then she 12) (make) some tea for herself. The children 13) (not/like) tea. They 1a). (drink) milk. At 7:30 am, John 15) (take) the children to school. His wife 16) . . (help) John on the farm and then she 17) (do) the housework. At 4 o'clock. the children 18) (come) home from school. Mrs Fields 19) (cook) dinner. John 20) (not/help) his wife with the cooking because he can't cook. In the evening, John and his wife 21) (wateh) TV or 2 {listen} to the radio. The children 23) (not/watch) TV. They 24) (do) their homework, They all 5) (go) to bed at 9:00 pm.@ Present Simple Adverbs of Frequency Adverbs of frequency go after the verbs ‘to be’ and ‘can,’ but before the main verbs. sometimes always She | often | reads books. He is | rarely late, usually never 10) Tick (/) the right box. 1. She [_Jis(ZJ late [for work, (never) 5 Wel_]spend[]the summer [Jin France. 2 Diego[Jeats[_]meat(_]. (usually) (always) 3. You[_}can [see [_]foxes in this forest. 6 Tom and James|_]are [] very busy on (sometimes) Mondays |]. (often) 4, Does [Tim] go [to schoo! by bus? 7 My dog{_Jis{_jangry (1). (rarely) (usually) 8 Alice{_}doesn't[] go] swimming, (often) @® Write sentences using the adverbs in brackets as in the example: 1 Tony / be / rude (never) 5 Aya/ help / her mum (often) any, (.never. rude. iets ageinees 3 ere 2 The children / play / tennis (Sometimes) 6 You / do / your homework (always) 3. 1/go/ to the beach (often) 7 The boys / watch / films (sometimes) 4 We /eat / breakfast / before school (always) 8 Josh and1I/ tidy / our rooms (always) 12) Use the words and adverbs of frequency to make true sentences about yourself. 1 wake up at 7:30 am 4 go jogging Jalwaye. wake, up ab. ZO0 at... RE ATES 2 be late for schoo! 5 go to bed at 10 o'clock 3 play computer games 6 tidy my room a-hPresent Simple @ ® Look at the table, This is what the people do on Sundays. Write the questions and answers. Then ask your partner questions to fill in the table about him/her. Pete md pore er bys aiag usually sometimes never cffen never often sometimes usually often never usually sometimes 1 Luigi / watch TV 6 Nadia / swim Does Luigi wat aperiterg 2 he does. He usually watches Mar ee siete « ° 2 Oliver and Sara / go to the cinema 7 Oliver and Sara / watch TV we) 3. Oliver and Sara / listen to music 8 Luigi / swim ot wv 4 Nadia / go to the cinema 9 Nadia / watch TV Oliver and Sara / swim MEMORY GAME Look at the table in Ex. 13 for 2 minutes. Then close your books. In teams, answer your teacher's questions. Each correct answer gets a point. Teacher: Does Luigi watch TV on Sundays? Team A, Student A: Yes, he usually watches TV on Sundays. Teacher: Correct. Team A you get a point. A«h@ Present Simple 4 Read and complete the text. Then put the pictures in the correct order. watch leave catch do read = meet return have get ‘start be James 1) ...i5... astudent. He 2) ........ up early every morning and 3) ........ breakfast with his family. Then he 4) <<... for school. James 5) .........-. the bus to school because his school is far from his home. He 6) his friends at schoo! before he 7) ... lessons. After school, he 8) home and 9) his homework. in the evening, he usually 10) ........ TVor 11) a book Look at Ex. 14. In pairs, ask each other questions and fill in the table below about James. Then ask each other questions to fill in the table about yourselves. eGR get up, have breakfast, AFTERNOON acy James You Student A; What does James do in the moming? Student B: He gets up and has breakfast. Writing Activity Use your answers from the Speaking Activity above to write a short paragraph about your daily routine. Use Ex. 14 as a model.8 ( Listen and repeat. Then act out. Waiter! This meat ie too mae eae vale . Why I r hard. Why Is that? cutting the platel Affirmative : Long form ‘Short form Short form Jam talking / Fmtalking “Jampnotiaiking im not talking You are talking You're talking You are not talking You aren't talking | He is talking He's talking “Hels notiaking He isn’t talking She is taking | She's talking | She is not talking She isnt taking itis talking it's talking itis not talking Ieisn't talking We are talking We're talking We are not talking | We aren't talking You are talking | You're talking You are not talking | You aren't talking They are talking | They're talking They are not talking | They aren't talking We use the present continuous for temporary actions or for actions happening at the time of speaking. Time expressions used with the present continuous: ‘row | at the moment | at present Spelling ‘When verbs end in one stressed vowel swim — swimming walk ~ walking between two consonants, we double the it - sitting BUT wait- waiting consonant and add -ing. Look at the spelling of these verbs: -+ _lie ~ lying, etc write — writing, ete Questions and short answers Questions | Short answers 1 Am | listening? | Yes,!am. / No, | 'm not. Are welyoulthey listering? Yes, welyoulthey are. / No, welyou/they aren't. Is he/shejit listening? Yes, he/she/it is. / No, he/she/tt isn't.® Present Continuous (aN @ (2s) Add -ing to the verbs and put them in the correct column. Listen and repeat. drink make sit begin fly cut bake take drop He hit shave play die sleep meet — type. =—water TT ete making, @ Complete the sentences. Long Form Short Form 1 He.. feeding the dog. ... feeding the dog 2 They .....e..+-.+-+ reading, They reading, 3 It flying Te cua ee. flying 4 We.... not cleaning the floor. We .......... cleaning the floor. -- crying casas not crying @« Write the questions and answers. 1 (laugh?) I.¢he. laughir Na. she. isn't She's crying. (eat?) . [s.the.dog eating?.. Ld YES. 161. Ite eating.Present Continuous 8 4’ Look at the picture and correct the sentences. The man. on the. rock ig 1 The man on the rock is eating a sandwich. . 't.eating a gandwich, He’ fishing. 2 The two boys on the beach are pire 3 The woman under the umbrella is playing with the sand, Bre ren créer the uricela ts varia) some juice. 6 The two gis are fishing 3 Look at the picture and the list of verbs. Then complete the text using the present continuous. cook play look = snow = stay drink = sit’— listen sleep _sing id the week. |) .2r.eGting. in Dear Diary, i's Sunday, my favourite day of te living room and 12) -...s05-+* . at my big happy family. Mur) <<+---. +++» tea, Mydad 4) .».+..2---+-» dinner. At The boys 6) ---.s-2002 5 with the karaoke machine. 4 Grandmother 6) ...++-~-»++++ tothe boys singing but grandfather 7) The girls 8) ..-..--.00+258 ee itis very cold, to) -- . outside, so we 10). - at home tonight. It's OK, though, because we heave lots oftun together. love my big noisy family S0 much ——_ 49® Present Continuous 6 Read the email. Then choose the right words and write them on the lines. Here is 1) 4. picture of my family. | hope you like it. My brother, my sister and | cigs: - a snowman. My brother, Ben, is wearing a red hat and a yellow scart. Ben is putting a black hat on the snowman. We are laughing 3) . -.. the snowman 4) /teees funny, My mu, fi, e standing by the door end sh ie wetcing al of Us. She is drinking a5) .............. of coffee. My dad, John, is cleaning the snow off the car. We also6) - two dogs. As you can see, they are playing in the snow. Please send 7) ... photo of your family soon. Take care, Gina i Aa B an C the 5 A jug B cup © carton 2A make B making C aremaking | 6 A having B has C have 3A and —B because © but 7 Ame B my © mine 4 A looks B look C is looking In groups, put the cards your teacher gives you in the right order to form sentences.Present Simple vs Present Continuous ism seem ‘My sister usually watches TV in the evening and | play computer games. m4 — It’s my sloter’s birthday today. Were having a party. Present Simple vs Present Continuous We use the present simple for permanent states and repeated or habitual actions. Time expressions used with the present simple: every day / week / month / year, usually, often, always, rarely, never, sometimes, in the moming / evening | afternoon, at night, etc We use the present continuous for temporary states or actions, or for actions happening at the moment of _ speaking. Time expressions used with the present continuous: now, at present, at the moment, today, tonight Some verbs are usually only used in the simple tenses. understand, want, etc. is used in the continuous tenses as well. (D circle the correct form of the verb. { Mum eleans /(is cleaning}the kitchen at the moment. 2 We always do / are doing our homework 3 My fiends play / are playing football now 4 Julie usually walks / is walking to school. 5 | wear / am wearing my new T-shirt today. 6 don't know /*m not knowing his name. 7 Ethan loves / is loving rock music. believe, belong, decide, forget, hate, hear, know, live, ike, love, need, remember, smell, see, think, The verb have is only used in the simple tenses when it means possess. Otherwise, it {have two cars at present. BUT Sheis having a bath now. 8 | sometimes meet / are meeting my friends after school. 9. Sara works / is working hard these days. 10 Ivan doesn't want / isn't wanting to do his homework. 11. This bag is mine. tis belonging / belongs to me. 4° bh® Present Simple vs Present Continuous 8 Write sentences as in the example: Usually @® Choose the correct item. 1 Look at him! He .....« a horse. 5 He ...... comic books every day. A rides B riding is riding A read — B isreading C reads 2 Heusually ...... tennis in the afternoon. | 6 Be quiet! The baby .. A plays B play C is playing Asleep B sleeps _—C is sleeping 3. What ...... inthe kitchen, Mum? 7 ..20+. he like exercising? A doyou B areyoudoing © youdo A Do B Does Cis 4 She ...... dinner now. 8 Look! The dog ...... with the ball A isn't having B doesn't have A plays B isplaying Care playing © don't have soPresent Simple vs Present Continuous B@ 0) Put the verbs in brackets into the present simple or the present continuous. Explain why. 1 He often G2¢2.... (go) tothe cinema. , 4 Dad ... sees habitual action (lie) on the sofa now. eras 2 They {notiwatch) 5 Ciaire .. (notlike) pizza TV atthe moment. .... . 6 eee eeeeeeee see 3 John is outside. He ........... 3 (you/steep) early on weekdays? (wash) the car. 2... ®@ Underline the correct time expression. 1 Igo to school every morning / at the 5 |.am having an English lesson now / every moment. day. 2 My parents never / now go to work on 6 My parents are working on Saturdays / at Sundays, the moment 3 Igo skiing today / every winter waich TV tonight / in the evenings 4 Jat present / always domy homework.|'m 8 |usually /at present go out with my a very good student, friends on Sundays. oe ® Put the verbs in brackets into the present simple or the present continuous. a ey | Dear Katy, - Here 11) . (be) in Mykonos, Greece. The weather Se }2. . (be) fantastic. We 3) .......0...0e (have) a wonderful time. Aithe moment, 14) . pool with my brother, James. | 6) A (sunbathe) and James 6) . (drink) lemonade. We7) « (sunbathe) and 8) ......... . (swim) every day. At night, we usually 9) . (eat) at a restaurant and then we 10) - (dance) at one of the fantastic discos on the island, «+ (love) it here and | (notiwant) to \eave! (lie) by the swimming] __ Miss S. Jones, ..., | 38 Dean Park, Peebles Border Region EH45 8DD Scotland UK.3B Present Simple vs Present Continuous 13 Put the verbs in brackets into the present simple or the present continuous. IE)». cose ae (be) very cold today and it 2) (snow). It always 3) (snow) here in December Peter 4) -+-+ (Swim) in the sea now. He 5) cisae (like) fish and he 6) (love) cold weather Peter's friend 7) .....200..5 (watch) him. Peter always 8) se cceeee (bring) his friend a fish. His friend 9) (wait) for his fish. Peter 10) . (not/cook) his fish, he 11) (eat) it in the sea This 12) . (not/be) strange because Peter is a penguin! Speaking Activity Close your eyes. Imagine that you are on your dream holiday. Your partner is trying to find out what you and your family are doing right now. Student A: Im on an exotic istand, Student A: I'm sunbathing right now Student B: What are you doing? Student B: Whats your mather doing? eto.) Parts Write an email to your friend about your dream holiday. Say where you are and what you and your family are doing right now. Use Ex. 12 as a model. Im on holiday ..........eee eee frie f -- fight now.ira a & os cay co, || eee Ht ‘(eemeen) (aeuna “along | | across from ..t0 towards /to/ in, “the direction of 1 Where are Layla’s and Olivia's bikes? 2 Where's the garage? 3 Where are they walking? 4 Where are they holding the bouquets of flowers? 5 Where's their mother standing? 4-m2 Prepositions of Place - Movement - Time @® Look and read. Write yes or no. Then describe the picture. police officer is walking across the street. He is walking around the bank. Two women are coming out of the bank. ‘Aman is going into the café. A boy is standing in front of the toy shop A toy aeroplane is flying over the boy's head, Two gitis are running across the street Abus is going around the comer. @vonnhona Fill in the gaps with at, beside, in, behind, on, opposite, from ... to, above or in front of. Rania is 1) ....2%... the airport. She's waiting for | herfight 2)... Athens «+... London. There's a man sitting 3) her. He's got a| CAP 4) oc eeesee his head. There are some suitcases §) . -. them. An old woman is sleeping 6) .......... the seat 7) .. oes Rania there's a security guard. He's got a mobile phone 9) his hand, The information board is 10) .......... him.Prepositions of Place - Movement - Time @ @ Fill in the gaps with opposite, on, inside, along or under. 1 A: It's cold outside! 4 A: Can you tell me how to get to the B: I know. Let's go. .iNgiAe.. the house. supermarket? B: Just walk .. Main Street and 2 A: Hey Jane! What are you doing? take the first tuning on the right B: I'm sitting .. .. my bed and I'm listening to music. 5 A: Where is the park? 3A: Why's Rocky hiding .......... yourbed? B:it's.......... my house. B: Because he is scared of loud noises @ Circle the correct item. Then describe your bedroom to your partner. Hi Nikos, | am writing to tell you about my bedroom 1) new house. I's just perfect! Everything is the way | want it. There is a small rug 2) on / over the floor. My desk is 3) at / between the bookcase and the wardrobe and there is a computer 4) on / ‘over my desk. I've got lots of books 5) in / on my bookcase because | love reading, Well, that’s all for now. Come over soon and see our new house. Your friend, Anmed Guess Where Look at the picture. In teams, hide your favourite CD somewhere in the room. The other team asks questions to find out where it is. Team A: Is it under the table? Team B: No, it isn’t. Team A: Is it ..? etc.e@ Prepositions of Place - Movement - Time Study these prepositional phrases: by car (BUT: in my car) by air {90 to work (BUT: go on holiday) by helicopter (BUT: in ahelicopter) —byship -—_in Athens (BUT: at Athens airport) by train (BUT: on a train) by boat on achair (BUT: in an armchair) by plane (BUT: on a plane) bysea _at the bus stop by taxi (BUT: in a tax) on foot by bus (BUT: on / ina bus) in danger © Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition. ft... holiday in the north of Scotland when she Katie is 1) essage from her fiend, Victoria. "Please, return t0 mi ; eae and wait 2) - the lobby for my next i | message. Your life is 3) danger.” Katie is very scared, so she decides to return to the hotel 4) taxi instead of going 6) «--c-ss-+ foot Sheis 6)--vevose- the _- achair when she gets Victoria's hotel lobby siting 7) ; ext message. “Goto your room immediately!” Kate walks uP the stars to her room, When she opens the door, she sees that an armohair laughing. “Surprise! train,” she says. “Happy Birthday!” Victorias sitting 8) .- | just arrived 9) @ Look at the picture and - — complete the email with | ‘Kim! > , eside, in, on, behing, | HO #e You? Heres a picture from my sisters bithday patty, | promised. This is our living room. There is a long table 1) ..eai¢/@.. the wall with lots of food and drinks 2) . it.) .......... ft there isa sign which says "Happy Birthday! next to or above. A BAIAT The two boys standing 4).......... the table wih glassed = PN 5). « their hands are my sisters friends. The girls who) Tae re are dancing 6).......... the middle of the room are our cousins, Jessie and Betty. My sister is wearing her new skirt anda party hat 7).......... her head. Can you see her? My dad is also in the picture. He is standing right 8) ...... and he is holding a present) .......... his hands. What abou you? What do you do on your birthday? Write soon! ElishaPrepositions of Place - Movement - Time @ e Listen and repeat. Then act out. Ihave to be in London at 30 in the evening. How long does it take to fiy there? at 8 o'clock (on Fridays at the moment | on Wednesdays at present on Thursday (days), etc at noon on January 27th (dates) in summer (seasons) | at night ‘on Monday morning in 1992 (years) | at midnight on a cold day in the twentieth century | at the weekend on a summer night a Fill in the gaps with at, on or in. 1 We usually go on holiday ...(7... July. 7 Its hot....... ‘summer. 2 IWscold ........ winter. 8 Heneverwakes up late ........ the morning. 3 lalways haveanap ........ the afternoon. 9 Ihave computer class ........ noon, 4 Mybirthday is ........ October 2nd. 10 We usually don't go out ........ Mondays. 5 She usually sleeps late ........ night 41 It's windy ........ autumn 6 Youssef's party is ..... 4 oclock ...... | 12 Herbirthday is ........ August 2nd. Friday. ® Write at, on or in. Peter likes spending time with his family 1) ....2¢:... the weekend. 2) ......+... Saturday mornings, Peter and his sister go far a walk with their dog. 3) .......... the attemoons, the family usually go to the cinema. Then 4) . about 8 o'clock they go to a restaurant for dinner. §).. ‘Sundays, they get up late. They sometimes go for a drive in the countryside or visit their Grandparents. 6) .......... the evenings, they all watch TV and then they go to bed Weekends are really special for Peter and his family, Aok@ Preposi 10, Fill in the gaps with at, on or in. ns of Place - Movement - Time ns e My e My favourite season is summer because the weather is warm and there's Favourite /somuchyou cando. Seas®n School finishes 1) ..(7.. June, sol can go to bed late 2) ...... rights By Danie! Jones and wake up 3) . . around ten o'clock 4) ........ the mornings. B)lart a0. weekdays, | usually play video games with my brother and 6) ...... the afternoons, | meet my friends at the park near my house. We play football there and we enjoy the beautiful weather, 7) ...... the everings, I take my dog out for a walk and then my family and | watch DVDs. Weekends are always fun 8) ...... summer, 100.9) ...... Salurdays, | always go to the beach with my family and 10) ...... ‘Sundays, | visit my grandparents and spend the day with them. ‘Summers are just perfect! —————_—s«—s =: Speaking Activity In pairs, ask and answer questions to find out about each other's favourite season. Make sure to use the prepositions at, in or on. What / be / your / favourite season? Student A: What is your favourite season? What time / go / to bed / night? ‘Student B: My favourite season is winter. What time / get up / morning? ‘Student A: What time do you usually go to What / do / morning / afternoon / evening? bed at night? What / do / Saturday / Sunday? Student B: I usually go to bed...., etc. Now, write an article about your favourite season. Use Ex. 10 as a model. Make sure to use the prepositions of time. My Favourite Season by...........Progress Check 3 (Units 7-9) / @ Look at the table. First, write about what Ann does on Saturdays. Then write about yourself. v | v | v v v@ Put the verbs in brackets into the present simple or the present continuous. 1 A: Hey Stacey! Where . A@ YOU. gaing.. | 3. A: What ...........--. (you/eook), Mum? (youlgo)? BoD eccccccececsceeeee (ry) anew recipe. PRION ST PET. (go) to its an Italian dish, the supermerket, Mum cant go today A: Well.t. because she .. (work) © | can't wait to taste it! Sea 4B bec - (go) to the shops now. A: That's a good idea. The fridge .......... canialypin ae (Beyielmost empty. Belavea cesses (Want) to come but | 2 A What..........-.. (you/do) right now? lean't.1. ba ae (need) to | Bid ..seceeeees (Study) for the History test. study for my exams. Aes (you/want) to take A: No problem | ... ~ (smell) delicious break? We can have some tea and then (understand) you can continue. B: OK! That oo... ecco (sound) good ® Look at the picture and fill in the gaps with on, opposite, beside, under, above, in or at. me Ye achair....at.... his desk. . the wall. 1 Dimitris is sitting . ...2% 2 There is a poster . 3 There are some bookshelves . 4 The table is . the door. 5 There is aug . the table. 6 Dimitris is holding a piece of paper . 7 Dimitris’s schoolbag is on the floor . . the small table. his hand. ® Fill in the gaps with on, at or in. 4)... 119... November, my family and | often travel to London for two days to celebrate Bonfire Night, 2) ........ the Sth of November, we usually fly to London Gatwick airport early 3) .... the morning. 4) ......- the afternoon, we have a traditional meal of baked potatoes and toffee apples and) ....... the evening, we gather around the bonfire and watch the fireworks display 6) ..--.-.. midnight, we go to bed. The next day, 7) ........ around 12 o'clock, we visit my aunt and uncle and have a big lunch with them. | love spending Bonfire Night with my family!Progress Check 3 , ® What do these people do on Thursday evenings? Write the questions and answers. eo wa ae hthe | play computer library Mbeladha lt) Cees Wo ‘sometimes never often often sometimes usually 4 Ethan and Jamie / wash the dishes library.on Thureday.evenings?, Yes, they.dk Pascoe sa casaunnaean They. uaually, ao.te.the likrary.en. | 5 Lly/ read comics Thursday. eveninge, 2 Lily / go to the library ES BE nce 6 Ethan and Jamie / play computer games 3 Ethan and Jamie / read comics 7. Lily /wash the dishes @ 28) What does Peter do every week? Listen and draw a line from the day to the correct picture.Oh, yesl It was delicious! They were the beet fried eqgs and chips | have tastedl No, they weren't Brat was Past simple of the verb ‘to be’ Affirmative Negative Interrogative | Long form ——Shortform was | was not “wasn't Was |? You were Youwere not You weren't Were you? He was He was not | He wasn't | Was he? She was ‘She was not | She wasn't | Was she? itwas it was not itwasn't ‘Was it? We were We were not We weren't ‘Were we? You were Youwerenot You weren't Were you? They were They were not They weren't | Were they? @ Fill in the gaps with am, is, are, was or were. Dear Diary, ¥ ( My family and!) ..... 4 just back from an amazing holiday in the | Bahamas. We had a great time! The weather 2) .............. fantastic; | ane... . really hot and sunny. My family and | 4) so happy there. I know it 5) -. «+. not that long ago but | : 6. .... already missing the sun and the sea, especially toy) because the weather 7)... ++. cold here. On the other hand, ofcourse, it) ........... nice to be back home with all my friends.Past Simple 40) © Listen and repeat. Then act out. Repeat after me, please. | walked, You walked, He walked .. f | did not stay | You did not stay He did not stay He didn't stay She did not stay She didn't stay | Itdid not stay it didn't stay We did not stay | We didn't stay You did not stay | You didn't stay They did not stay | They didn't stay Spelling etd one stressed vowel + consonant | consonant + y —> double consonant + -ed ASEM rea? || NMEA YR ed like — liked prefer - preferred carry — caniied play - played hate — hated stop - stopped study — studied enjoy ~ enjoyed Questions and short answers Questions I Short answers | Did l/you/he/shefitiwelyoulthey Yes, liyoulhe/she/itiweiyourthey did. | go to the party? No, liyoulhe/she/it)we/you'they didn’t. @ Write the past simple of the following verbs. 4 open ..operied.. | 5 regret po mar cty 13. stay 2 love . 6 quarrel ......... $10 fy see 14 travel 3 plan 7 lop ..eseceevee / 11 arrive . 15 close 4 empty ......... | 8 die wee /12 play .. 116 tidy .. 65Pronunciation ® LS : | Add -ed to the verbs and put them in the correct column. Listen and check. Listen and repeat. } count arrive close regret push wait laugh kiss hurry watch tob start travel post open look cook add end tidy change ) Boma GQUNEA,. 2... ceeeeeee. | KIBSEA Ppened,. Irregular verbs have a special past form. ® Look at the list of irregular verbs at the back of the book and complete the table. Infinitive | Past 1 ss did 2 leave 3 shine betes became ery] 94-5We use the Past Simple: | © for actions which finished at a stated time in the past. | ‘She went to school by bus yesterday. (When? Yesterday) | * for actions that happened one after the other. First he had breakfast and then he left for work. Time expressions used with the past simple: yesterday, then, last night / week / month / year, a week / month / year ago, two days ago, 0 | 2003, when, etc. @ Ask and answer questions about what these people did/didn’t do yesterday. Then ask your partner questions to fill in the table about him/her. go for awalk | _ play golf Scr maenla v eke a v v eee cats 1 Peter / go for a walk? Did. Fete 2 Peter / play golf? 3 Peter / write a letter? 4 Mr and Mrs Page / play golt? 5 Mrand Mrs Page / wash the car? 6 Look at what Maria did and didn’t do last Sunday. Then write sentences. wake up late (x) have lunch with her grandparents (x) do her homework (V) take her dog, Fluffy, out for a walk (Vv) speak to her friend, Mary (x) help her mother make dinner (V) fl 4 5 2 6 @ Use the time expressions below to write true sentences about yourself. three months ago yesterday last weekend in 2008 last Tuesday 1 J.went.to.a. ps monthe ago, 4ct Present Simple vs Past Simple In pairs, complete the sentences and answer the quiz. Compare your answers with the rest of the class. 1 Ohe..... (star) in the Harry Potter films. @ Queen Elizabeth | 2 CiHe (discover) penicilin, Ruth Handler 3 [) Leonardo Da Vinci (paint) this famous painting, © Italy 4 (1 They (design) the Parthenon. 4 Shakespeare 5 Live -. (write) Romeo & Juliet, € The Mona Lisa 6 C)She (be) the daughter of King Henry Vill. Iktinos and Kallikrates 7 [1 This country (win) the World Cup in 2006. Alexander Fleming 8 [|She .. (invent) the Barbie doll. Daniel Radcliffe Present Simple vs Past Simple We use the present simple for permanent | We use the past simple for actions which J states and repeated or habitual actions. | finished at a stated time in the past. Tom is a student. He goes to school every day. | He bought a new car last week. He usually goes to school by bus. Time expressions used with the present | Time expressions used with the past simple: simple: every day / week / month / year, usually, often, | yesterday, then, when, last night / week / month / always, rarely, never, sometimes, in the morning / | year, a week / month / year ago, two days ago, in evening / afternoon, at night, etc. 2003, etc. 7) Circle the correct item. 1 Dad doesn't buy /(didn't buy)a new car 5. Do you brush / brushed your teeth every last week. night? 2 Mum always cooks / cooked chicken on 6 The boys don't play / dicin’t play football Mondays. last Sunday, 3 Do you like / liked chips? 7 Did Emily come / came to the party? 4 Mary leaves / left for Italy last month. 8 | don't watch / didn't watch TV last night 4=-bkPresent Simple vs Past Simple 10 oO Write what Edward usually does and what he did yesterday. G © go/ bed / early * go/bed / late eat / dinner / home eat / dinner / restaurant, 0 Put the verbs in brackets into the present simple or the past simple. 1 We ......WANt. (go) to the beach last weekend Bipteroee.-ssosace (your mum/make) a chocolate cake yesterday? 3 Dad - (notiwork) ‘on Sundays. ot ee ae (noticome) tothe pat lst Saturday. 5 My cousins us every weekend. 6 (Julia/wear) jeans to school yesterday? The children always (do) their homework in their rooms. 81 (send) Ciaire an email yesterday afternoon. (novvisit) th Complete the sentences with the time expressions from the list. atthe moment always 1 We watched a really good film at the cinema 2 Iwent to a beautiful exotic island 3 My mother does the shopping 4 lam working . § She . yesterday lastnight every week last summer last. night The weather was very hot, I can't come with you. brushes her teeth before she goes to bed at night. 6 He is upset because he failed his driving test Aoh40) Present Simple vs Past Simple Ling: Amy: Ling: Ling Amy: Ling: Amy Ling: Ling: Put the verbs in brackets into the present simple or the past simple. Did you enjoy... (you / enjoy) the film last night? No,|..... did't It...... We (be) @ horror film. A : (you/go) to work yesterday? No, | oh | epoca = .... (never/work) on Saturdays. FRE ceva ces ge (yousee) Charles yesterday? Yes. We eeveeeeeeeeeceseesseeeeeses (Rave) lunch together. | Fey od (Colin\work) at a bank? No, he ...... He «<<» (Work) ata post office. What time eave s+... (you start) school every day? Eight o'clock. Br eeTiEy yo co veeeeeeeeeeeeses (Start) at eight thirty. What .. cose vseesseseeeeseesess (you/do) at weekends? We usually +» (g0) to the beach ~. (yout) anything exciting last Saturday? No, not really. | (wateh) TV and ei esse» (Fad) a book Itwas a boring weekend. Read the conversation between Ling and Amy. Then put the verbs in brackets into the present simple or the past simple. Hi Amy. 1) Were. you. (you/be) at home last = weekend? ROTI 2) lan. 0 ON {not/be). My family and | 8) <.ecseecssseeeeeeesse+ (Qo) to the beach. We often 4) oceecescses-s++e+ (QO) to the beach at weekends. You're lucky. 5) ..........----+ (you/have) a nice time? Oh, yes! 16) (have) a great time! Where 7) A (you/stay)? We8).... . (stay) at my grandparents house. Oh. 9)... . ses eeeeeeeesessess (they/live) near the beach? Yes, they do. Their house 10) Bree (be) right by the beach. Wow! That's cool. And what did you do there? : We 11) =. (walk) along the beach and 12) (swim) in the sea That sounds like a lot of fun. A>kPresent Simple vs Past Simple 4 4 Put the verbs in brackets into the present simple or the past simple. Tommy Brown 1) ... ik¢2... (like) making up stories. No one 2) . .. .. (believe) what he (say) because he always 4) ........... (tell) ies. He'5) ........... (live) ina small village and 6) . (work) on a farm just outside the village. One night last week, Tommy 7). (finish) work late. It) -. (be) dark and cold, Suddenly, he 9.- (hear) a strange noise, so he 10) .. (look) up. It 11) 2.0 (be) UFO with bright esting lights. The UFO 12) ........ -----.. (come down) towards him and he 18)... (see) two green men looking at him from inside. He 14)... --+.+. (Scream), 15) . (drop) his bag and 16)... - (run away). When he 17) vilage, he 18) . - (Fun) into some vilagers and 19) ...........2.. | (sat teing them about the aliens but they all 20) (laugh) at tim \ Noone 21) . - (believe) Tommy, Speaking Activity Look at the pictures and the list of verbs. In pairs, tell the story. take arrive. = pack» = run be start tell begin can go Bem et Siudent A: Last Sunday the Smiths decided to go ona picnic 5 Student B: They all got into the car and drove to the country. You are the young girl from the Speaking Activity above. Write an email to your English speaking friend telling him/her what happened to you yesterday. Dear wee : Guess what happened to me yesterday! My family and | decided to go on a picnic Everything was great in the beginning. 4A hbcot lect ay Listen and repeat. Then act out. We just washed the dishes, fed the dog and cooked dinner. What about you, George? Ive just painted that bench. have/has + past parti Regular Verbs Affirmative Fae e Long form } Short form Ihave walked Ive walked I have not walked I haven't walked Youhavewaled Youve walked You have not walked You haven't walked He has walked He'swalked | He has not waked = He hasn'twalked “Shehas walked She's walked She has not walked She hasn't walked Ithas walked it's walked Ithas not walked | Ithasn'twalked We have walked We've walked We have not walked We haven't walked \ Youhave walked | You've walked | You have not walked | You haven't walked They have walked | They've walked | They have not walked | They haven't walked Spelling one stressed vowel between two consonant+y gy, g consonants ~+ double final consonant + -ed — K+ -ied stop - stopped study ~ studied type - typed prefer - preferred carry - carried move - moved Irregular Verbs | Affirmative | Negative | Longform | Shortform Long form Short form | have eaten "I've eaten | have not eaten haven't eaten You have eaten | You've eaten You have not eaten _ You haven't eaten He has eaten He's eaten He has not eaten He hasn't eaten ‘She has eaten ‘She's eaten ‘She has not eaten ‘She hasn't eaten ithas eaten it’s eaten ithas not eaten | Ithasn't eaten We have eaten We've eaten We have not eaten | We haven't eaten You have eaten You've eaten You have not eaten | You haven't eaten They have eaten | They've eaten | They have not eaten | They haven't eatenPresent Perfect a) We use the present perfect: ‘© for recent actions or states, or for actions which happened at an unstated time in the past. ‘The Smiths have bought a new house. (When did they buy it? We don't know.) for actions or states which began in the past and continue up to the present. She has been a student at this schoo! for two years. (She came to this school two years ago and she is stil here.) @ Write the past participles of the following verbs. AEN... 14 WOM. ...eseees DECRG) resss7020 16 take 10 break ..... 11. make 42 run @ Complete the sentences as in the example: Long Form 1 She ...1@2.. cleaned the house. 2 We s+sees Not worked hard. 3 1 ......... visited them several times. 4 She ... not finished yet. 5 They .. talked to him. Short Form cleaned the house. worked hard. visited them several times. «. finished yet. talked to him. ® Put the verbs in brackets into the present perfect. 4 Jenny ... hag. ga (go) to bed. 2 The boys . - (not/eat) their breakfast. BI. - (buy) a new bag, 4 Eric - (not/brush) his hair yet. § lisa -. (send) an email to her cousin. 6 7 © o Ie. (not/see) this film The dog . -. (be) in the garden all day. Chloe - (visit) her grandparents twice this week. Mum and Dad . -» (do) the shopping Nikos {not/have) a shower.e@ Present Perfect Questions and short answers Questions I Short answers Have iweiyoulthey finished? Yes, liwelyoulthey have z ___| No, telyouthey havent. Has he/she finished? | Yes, he/sheit has. No, he/shejt hasn't ® Write questions and answers as in the example: zy F a) seea or visit Brazil | try sushi | mountain | crocodile Cue) REE) v v v into Z v v v v v 4 Has. Janice.ever. visited, Brazil? No, she. hasn't. Has Janice ever tried... sushi? Yea she. bag. Time expressions used with the present perfect: already is used in statements and questions. recently is used mainly in statements Ihave already cooked dinner. | before the main verb. Have you already eaten? | He has recently bought a new car. yet is used in questions and negations _so far is used mainly in statements at the at the end of the sentence. “end of the sentence. Have you spoken to rim yet? Ive typed ten letters so far. haven't spoken to him yet "never is used in statements but it has. just is Used in statements before the main a negative meaning. verb. | have never seen a lion. have just finished my homework. | since Is used to express a starting point how long is used in questions. in the past. How long rave you known Jim? She's been ill since Monday. ever is used in statements and questions. Have you ever visited Paris? it's the most beautiful city | have ever visited, for is used to express a period of time. She's been ill for two days. 4hPresent Perfect a e ‘Write what Mrs Wood has already done or hasn't done yet. >» Now say what you have already done or not done yet. o Write for or since. + ANGE... 2002 5 .. yesterday | 6 .. six days 7 et 1 2. 3. 4 -. amonth 8 «.twoweeks | 9... three hours eeslastmonth }10 «s+. Monday . twoyears 111 my birthday awhole day 12 .........-.. lastweekend > Use five phrases and make true sentences about yourself. @ Fill in the gaps with how long, ever, never, just, already, for and yet. 1 A: Have you ....V@C-... been to London? B: No, Ihave. . been there 2 A: Have you seen the Parthenon .....-+.-? B: Yes, Ihave ....... seen it. It's amazing! 3 A: Has Damien .........-.- gone skiing? ; B: No, he hasn't. He doesn't lke it 4 A Is Akimathome, ........--.-. please? B: No, I'm afraid he's... gone out a = hh 5 A: I'mafraid |have visited the Melbourne Museum and I've been in Melbourne for a whole year. B: Really?1........... have. it's fantastic! 6 A: ......... have you and Ben been friends? B: We've been friends . . twelve years. 7 A: Ihave .. cooked dinner. B: That's good because | haven't eaten and I'm really hungry.oo Present Perfect vs Past Simple Present Perfect vs Past Simple We use the present perfect: © for recent actions or states, or for actions which happened at an unstated time in the past. Ihave bought 2 new bicycle (When cic he buy it? We don't know) unstated time for actions or states which began in the past and continue up to the present. | have been a teacher for two years. (He is stil a teacher) Time expressions used with the present perfect: We use the past simple: © for actions or states which at a stated time in the past. | bought this bicycle five years ago. (When did he buy it? Five years ago.) stated time * for actions or states which finished in the past. | was a student fourteen years ago. (He isn'ta student now. He is a teacher.) Time expressions used with the past simpl just, ever, never, already, yet, ways, how long, | yesterday. last night / week / month / year, ago, 50 far, for, since, recently, etc. @ circte the correct item. 1 [haven't tidied my room just /(yet.) 2 Wewent to the cinema already / yesterday 3 Helen has already / yet had her breakfast, 4 The children have never / ever been to Italy. 5 I didn't play football yet / last weekend 6 |Isent you an email two days already / ago but you haven't replied. then, when, in 2004, etc. 7 Billy took a test already / three days ago 8 Tonia has sent twenly invitations yesterday so far. 9 She hasn't watched any new fims yesterday | recently. 10 Has Ben gone to school then / yet? @ Fill in the gaps with yet, ago, ever, last night, for or since. 1. My father went to Spain two days ..249.... 2 Hehas known her ......... « 2001 3 She hasn't finished her work ... . 4 Have you . seen an elephant? 5 We went to bed at 10 o'clock 6 He has lived in Madrid. ten years 4bPresent Perfect vs Past Simple a” @® Choose the correct item. eee: anew dress yesterday 6 She ...... married in 2008. A buy (B) bought A has got B got € have bought C have got 2 She ...... anything since 9 o'clock this 7 Jane ...... painting. morning A always like B always has liked A hasn't eaten B ate € has always liked C didn't eat 8 I...... TV last night 1 to school last week. He was ill A didn't watch B haven't watched A hasn't gone B went © hasn't watched C didn't go 9 They ...... their homework yet. ules such a delicious cake. A have finished B haven't finished ‘A have never eaten B have ever eaten € finished C never ate 10 Last year, the Smiths ...... to Australia Be. ..2 you... me last night? A have gone B went A Have, called B Do, call have never gone C Did, call ® Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the present perfect. 1 Kevin .. hae, let: .. (lose) his keys. He ..... Jeft...... (leave) them on the bus yesterday. 2h csceeeeeessssses (notiplay) tennis since | was at school but | .... good at it back then 3. Mr and Mrs Little ............-..+. (Visit) Egypt. They ................. (go) there on holiday in 2007. 4h = you -. (choose) a dress for the party yet? a che este Cey + you... : (see) any new films lately? Feet eer taes Beara eet ee .. (forget) about the test! He... 2... (notisay) 5A B: Yes, 1... 6 Ithink our teacher . anything about it in the last lesson! 7 Sarah... In pairs, say what you were doing yesterday at these times. AebPast Continuous 42 @ Write sentences using the prompts below and the past continuous. Then identify the use of the past continuous. « simultaneous actions * action in progress interrupted by another « action in progtess at a stated time in the past (John/listen music/his parents/watch TV) while, his, par ng 1 (Rosalie/cook/cutfinger) @ Form questions using the past continuous as in the example. Then answer the questions about yourself. 1 you / play football / at 3 o'clock yesterday? | 3 you/talk / on phone / at € o'clock yesterday vou, playing fagtball.at.3. evening? A sees Ka eases reeaeee B: 2 you/ have lunch / at 2 o'clock yesterday 4 you / watch / DVD / last Saturday morning? afternoon? A. Wi weeee B: B. In pairs, think of one thing you were doing yesterday afternoon at 5 o'clock ‘and one lie about what you were doing yesterday afternoon at 5 o'clock. Tell your partner. Your partner has to guess which one is the lie. Student A: Yesterday aftemoon at 5 o'clock, | was writing a book. Yesterday afternoon at 5 o'clock, Iwas doing my homewok. Student B: You weren't writing a book! Student A: That's right! It's your turn now. 4A-b@ Past Continuous vs Past Simple Past Continuous vs Past Simple We use the past continuous: We use the past simple: © for an action which was in progress for an action that took place at a at a stated time in the past. specific time in the past. ‘The girls were playing volleyball at five ‘Simon went to camp last month O'clock in the afternoon, (When did he goo camp? Last month) (When did they start? We don't know.) for two or more actions happening at the same time in the past. The children were studying while their actions which happened immediately mother was cooking. ‘one after the other in the past. First she made the pizza, then she put it in for an action which was in progress foe when another action interrupted it. The action that interrupted it is in the past simple. Mary was cooking when he burnt her hand. Time expressions used with the past Time expressions used with the past continuous: simple: while, when, as, all day / night /moming, all day | ago, yesterday, last month / week / year, in yesterday, etc 2006, then, etc. @® Unaertine the correct item. | watched / was watching a DVD when my cat jumped / was jumping on me. She was buying / bought a new dress last month, Greg was sleeping / slept while Joanne listened / was listening to her MP3 player Mum cooked / was cooking dinner when someone knocked / was knocking on the door. Sue was watering / watered the flowers when it started / start to rain They were walking / walked to schoo! last Monday because there was no bus. 7 late / was eating a sandwich while my parents drank / were drinking coffee. oareons 6 Put the verbs in brackets into the past continuous or the past simple. 1 Jack ..Wa2 playing. . (play) a video game when his brother, Tom, ....et%ered,... (enter) the room 2 Voces..s2.+ (study) for my English test when my mother... (come) home from work BAe csnewacns.-- (read) a book when my sister .............. (leave) for the cinema - +» (wash) the dishes when the telephone .........+...+ (ring) 51 (write) an email when the lights... - (go) out A-b&Past Continuous vs Past Simple e 2) Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the past continuous. 1 A What 1) .. were the. children doing .. (the childrenido) when you 2) ..... retuned. (return) home last night? B: Kate 3) . . (watch) a DVD and Andrew ee - (do) his homework. 2 A How 1) .. (Anne/break) her leg? B: She 2)... = (Fide) her horse when she Be.. (fall) and 4) . (land) on her leg. AGE) -awtes | es ioc ee .« (She/go) to hospital? B: Yes, she did 3. A: When 1) «+++ (you/see) Peter? B: While 12)... Aon my shopping at the supermarket. 4&1 1) (call) you last night but you - (not/answer). Where were you? ((09) in the park (you/hear) what happened to George? B: No! Is he OK? A: Well, he 2) .. « (tide) his bike to school when a cat 3) . Gump) out in front of him. He 4) . fi « (try) to stop but he 5) - (fall) against a wall. Luckily, he Gjeess: (notibe) hurt. ® Read the letter and write the missing words. Write one word on each line. Dear Georgia, 1'm writing to you from my hotel room 1) .....l7...... Berlin. You can’t imagine what happened to me yesterday! | was walking in Mitte at around noon 2) ..... eit started raining. 3) ........-.. Twas running Beebe Fa soy famous ctor ee oti gel eeeanere Iiehinied es -- hello and he gave me two tickets to see his new film. Isn't that great? That's all for now. See you 5) ... =.» get back! Rachel F : PG eo 642) Past Continuous vs Past Simple Speaking Activity What did Angelica and Susan do yesterday? Look at the pictures. Take roles and tell the story. Use the past continuous or the past simple. ¢ be / beautiful / Sunday / morning © Angelica and Susan / decide / to take / dog / for walk / in park © Angelica / sit / bench / read book / while / Susan / take / the dog / walk ¢ half an hour / Susan / come back / alone « they / look / for dog / everywhere / but / not find / him * when / get / dark / they / decide / return home © when / they / arrive / home / dog / lie in front of the door * look at each other / laugh Student A: It was a beautiful Sunday morning Student B: Angelica and Susan decided to take their dog for a walk in the park. Writing Activity Imagine you are either Angelica or Susan. Write in your diary about what happened to you yesterday. Dear Diary, You can't imagine what happened to us yesterday! Susan and | decided to take our dog for | walkin the park. |. :Progress Check 4 (Units 10-12) _ @ Read the conversation between Ellie and Ben. Then put the verbs in brackets into the past simple. Ellie: What 1) ..4i¢ vou. de .. (you/do) yesterday, Ben? Ben: 12)...... (have) a very busy day yesterday. 13) : (get) up at seven o'clock. 14) . (have) | breakfast and then | 5) Pease (go) | to my grandparents’ house. Bie: 6) ~~ (you/walk) to your grandparents’ house? Ben: No, Ididn't.17) ......--+ voces (tide) my | bike there. | 8) seceeesses (help) my grandfather in the garden, ) Elie: Oh, and what9) .+-..0e0 F F (youldo) in the afternoon? Ben: My grandparents 10) ..... s+see+ (take) me to the zoo. It was great! ® Put the verbs in brackets into the present simple or the past simple. by Ann Smitiers This 1) .../2... (be) my cat, Snow. He 2) . (be) a small white cat with a bushy tail reraydey. | Binal baer <<. (take) him for a walk in the park. He aS <<» (Walk) everywhere and 5) .. at (play) with is ball on the grass. When we 6) (return) home, he 7) ...-.-- (eat) his food and then he) ......-.....+ (lie) on the carpet. At night, he 9) ---ese.-+++--- (Sleep) on a rug near my bed. A year ago, 110) ......+2+++. (take) him for awalk and! 11) .. = (lose) him. | couldn't find him anywhere. 112). (go) home and 13) . (tell) my parents. They 14) ....-20.200 “(earch fo for him in the park and then they 16) ......-....+.+ (go) to the police station. A few days later, a (come) to our house. Snow 17) . (be) with him. | (be) so happy to see him again! policeman 16) ....@ Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the present perfect. a Jenny: Julie, 1) . ave you ever driven. (youleveridrive) a car? Julie: No, but 2) (dive) a tractor, denny: Where3) . ----.. (you/drive) it? duis 14)... (drive) it once last summer on my uncle's farm. b Wan: Bobby, 6) . Bobby: No, but | 6) van: When 7) ... Bobby: 18) .. «. (youlever/visit) Germany? {already/visit) Portugal. (you/visit) Portugal? <2... (Visit) Portugal three years ago. @ Put the verbs in brackets into the past continuous. 1 1..Wwa2 @00KiNA . (cook) when | heard a knock on the door. 2 The Wilsons - (travel) to their summer house when the thunderstorm hit. 3. While Ahmed . (work), the telephone rang, 4 She... (paint) the living room while the children... 2... (play) in the garden. 5 Simon (watch) TV all day yesterday. the Simpsons ................ (do) yesterday afternoon? (not/study) when his mother came into the room. } @ Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense. --- (go) shopping yesterday. (have) lunch while my mum .......... -.- (wash) the dishes. - (youffinish) your homework yet? -- (neveritravel) abroad (watch) a documentary on TV at 7 o'clock yesterday evening - «+ (buy) a new computer two months ago =» (tidy) my room when the lights suddenly (go) off - (already/cook) dinner. - (she/walk) to school yesterday? - Gust/come) home from work 10 Mike .Progress Check 4 ST ® choose the correct item. 1 Lalways breakfast in the morning. | 6 ...... YOU ...... Jamie, yet? A have had B had (C)have : A Have,seen B Did, see 2 ceeees Maly seeeee inner last night? Cn A Has, cooked B Did, cook 7 While Paul .», Mary was reading a © Does, cook magazine. 3 He ...... his car when it started to rain ae van Ebel | A cleaned B cleans C was swimming | © was cleaning 8 They ...... football on Saturdays. 4 The Striths ...... to go to Spain for their A don't play B haven't played | summer holiday this year. © weren't playing | A don't want B wants 98 you ever...... a Ferrari? | | © haven't wanted A Did, drive B Have, driven | | 5 Peter has ...... been good at Maths, Ce } A ever B never C since 10 Josh was playing tennis ...... Mary was reading a book. A already —B while for Eee oN @ (asp What did Peter do last week? Listen and draw a line from the day to the correct picture. friday saturday Sunday Aa-b13, The Future (‘Be going to’ / ‘Shall aN 35) Listen and repeat. Then act out. No, eirl In ‘Are you going to travel golng to fiy to the to the moon in thie rocket?, z sun in ith But you are No, I'm not. I'm going to go up in going to fly there at night. |.am going to | 'm going to | am not going to / 'm not going to You are going to / You're going to You are not going to / You aren't going to He is going to / He’s going to | He is not going to / He isn't going to She is going to/ She's goingto She is not going to / She isn't going to It is going to / It's going to It is not going to / It isn't going to | We are going to We're going to. | We are not going to / We aren't going to You are going to / You're going to | You are not going to / You aren't going to They are going to / They're going to | They are not going to / They aren't going to _ Questions ____ Short answers Am | going to” Yes, | am. / No, |'m not. Are you going to? ‘Yes, you are. / No, you aren't. Is he/she/it going to? Yes, he/shejit is. / No, he/she/it isn’t. Are welyoulthey going to? | Yes, we/you/they are. / No, we/you'they aren't. ‘We use be going to to talk about plans and intentions or when there is evidence that something is going to happen in the future. He's going to be a pilot when he grows up. (tis his planjintention ) ‘Look at the dark clouds in the sky. Its going to rain. (There is evidence that it will happen.) Time expressions used with be going to: tomorrow, tonight, next week / month, etc @ Fill in the gaps with the short forms of be going to. 1. lam going to travel to Paris next month. 4. She is not going to become an actress |. @aing G2... travel to Paris next month. She ’ become an actress, 2 They are going to have a party next week 5 We are going to eat out tonight. They ........--. have a party next week We ... r eat out tonight. 3 We are not going to clean the house. 6 He is not going to cook. Wales vasa clean the house. He ... cook. 4>h/ ‘Shalr) 43) @ Look at Amy's diary for next week. Then ask and answer questions as in the example: The Future (‘Be going to’ / ‘Wi 1 clean her room / Wednesday Je Amy. going to.clean her naom.. + 90. Wednesday? 1 her raem.on. Monda 2 play volleyball / Saturday B: Ye (Na. tin.net. > Now, tell the class about your partner.13 The Future (‘Be going to’ / ‘Will’ / ‘Sha! a Listen and repeat. Then act out. 'd like the vegetarian pizza, please. And I'm ina ; No, sil It will be hurry. Wil it be long s ce ee round as usuall We use the future tense for actions which will happen in the future. A | Negative " Interrogative Long form Short form Long form | Short form se Iwill not piay —|won'tplay | Shall/ Will | play’? | Youll play You will not play | You won't play | Will you play? He'll play He will net play | He won't play Will he play? She will play | She'll play She will not play She won't play Will she play? {tl play | Itwill not play itwon't play —_| Will it play? | | Well play We will not play We won't play | Shall/Will we play? You will play | You'll play You will not piay You won't play | Will you play’? They will play | They’ play | They will not play They won't play | Will they play? Short answers Yes, |yourhe/shefte/youlthey No, Wyourhe/she/it)we/youlthey won't Will is used to express predictions, warnings, offers, promises, threats, requests, on- the-spot decisions, opinions, hopes and fears (especially with words such as: think, expect, suppose, hope, believe, know and probably). ln 2100, people will travel in fying cars. (prediction) | Stop talking or I'l send you out. (threat) Be quiet or the teacher will be angry. (warning) Will you help me, please? (request) IM wash the dishes tonight. (offer) It's cold. IM close the window. (on-the-spot decision) PM write to you every day. (promise) hope he'll win the race. (hope) Shall can be used with | or We in questions, suggestions and offers. ‘Shall we go to the cinema tonight? (suggestion) Shall I get you a cup of tea? (offer)The Future (‘Be going to’ / ‘Will’ / ‘Shall’) @ Complete the sentences as in the example: Long Form 1 It....Will.... rain tomorrow. 2 I'm sure she . not be late. aptie’-.-; pass the test. 4 We .. - Not have @ party. Bil. « call you tonight. I'm sure she . Hers som @ Fill in the gaps with will, won't or shall. 4. A: 'm so hungry, Mum. B: |... .will.. make you some sandwiches. 2 A: Jimmy, be carefull The cooker is still very hot. You = burn your hand B: OK, Mum! BAL c..ccessee+ Call you every day while |1am on holiday. B: That's very nice of you. 4A Imvery thirsty! BI . bring you a glass of water. 5 A | want to tell you a secret. B: OKI promise |... 20.2.5 tell anyone. GA ® Fill in the gaps with will, won't or shall. Short Form rain tomorrow. ceeees be late pass the test. .. have a party, call you tonight. Srassaie ine | get you another glass of lemonade? Yes, please. Chatlie .........- come to practice today. He broke his leg Oh, that’s terrible! go out tonight. | don't feel well Then you should go to bed early Fenn you help me? | think I'm lost. Of course! Jim: 1)... 2hall... we go to Snacks Restaurant for lunch? like the new café in York Street . Iphone John and ask him ithe wants «want to come but we 7) ........ have time to wait for him here lucia: No, you 2) - lke the food there. I think you 3) . Jim: OK We4) take the bus there. 5) to. come? lucia: I'm sure he 6) ..... BT 8) cae nss00s I tell him to meet us there? Lucia: That's a good idea. Tell him we 9) . Jim: 10)..... Lucia: Yes, | think so. 4~-- « meet him outside the café. +++ [ell him to be there in half an hour? 11) that give us enough time?@ The Future (‘Be going to’ / ‘Will’ / ‘Shall’) @ Label the speech situations with the uses of the future tense as in the example: offer warning (x 2) promise request —_ on-the-spot decision /] rt Don't worry. Il buy you a new one. 7 Il close the window. \__ It’s very windy. Don't touch the iron! You will burn your hand, It ( Shall Ido the washing up? ) Don't touch these wireel You'll get hurt! Will you help me? @ Work in groups of four. Take the role of a fortune teller and tell your group about their future. You can use the ideas below. One student will. Two students will. 1 be adentist 1 be singers 2 have 3 children 2 live in the USA 3. win a lot of money 3. win a competition 4. marry a millionaire 4 fly tothe moon Fortune teller: | think that Jim and Lucy will be singers. 4-hThe Future (‘Be going to’ / ‘Will’ / ‘Shall’) ay Listen and repeat. Then act out. What are you doing? Tm learving abour mind reading. mm really good. Il probably be rich and Sure. | know what you're going to do tonight. Lemel You're going to sleep, of course. ) Will vs Be going to Will is used | * to express on-the-spot decisions. Its cold, PM close the window. to express hopes, threats, predictions, etc. I think it will rain tomorrow to express a prediction or a future event that is or is not certain to happen. He will probably win the race. (prediction) She will be twelve next month. (future event) | exchanges. 1A: What do you want to do when you finish school? B:1n1.g9ing. tO... be a dancer. 2 A’ I think that house over there is on fire! B:Ohnoll........ phone the fre brigade. 3 A: My tea is not sweet enough, BI get you some sugar. 4 A Have you finished your homework yet? B: No, but | .. stay up late and finish it , ~ Por om Be going to is used * to express things already decided in the near future. He is going to fly to Rome tomorrow. to express intentions and plans. He likes acting. He Is going to be an actor. when there is evidence that something will definitely happen. Watch out! You're going to fall in the gaps with the correct form of will or be going to. Then act out the 5 A: ....... youhave another piece of cake? No, thank you, Ive already had two pieces. Do you want to go to the park this afternoon? can't | 2 - «++ visit my grandparents, This box is very heavy! Neer eens = carry it for you. ee you open the window, please? No, it's too cold in here 9 &43) The Future (‘Be going to’ / ‘Will’ / ‘Shall’) j 10 Match the sentences to the pictures. Then label the situations as in the example: ' © Pre gotatocthache trngoiigte-eoeriy-denties It's very hot. I'll open the window. | © She's going to have a bath. © | think it will rain all night. © Get up or you will be late for school. © | like aeroplanes. I'm going to be a pilot evidence prediction omethin decided... BRAIN GYM What will your life be like in twenty years? How old will you be? Where will you live? In 3 minutes write in your notebook as many predictions as you can. Then tell the class. a «bh/ ‘Shall’) 43, @ Complete the sentences by using the verbs in brackets and shall/will or the correct form of be going to. The Future (‘Be going to’ / ‘Wil Graig: Hey Mark! What 1) ...2r2 you. going. te do... (youldo) during hall-term? Mark: You 2) . | (not believe) it but 3) - (visit) Switzerland! Craig: Really? That's so exciting! Switzerland is great. 'm sure you 4) .. - (love) it! think 0, foo. My family and 5) (stay) at a hotel near the Swiss Alps. Craig: Wow! Mark: Yeah, it’s great. 16) ............2...+5 (play) in the snow every day. My brother and | Tiga. BRO «sc «ost - (try) to leam how to ski Graig: You're so lucky. | wish I could go with you. Mark: Maybe you can. 8) ........ (Wask) my patents? Craig: Definitely! Mark: OK, then. 19) ........... (talk) to them tonight. Craig: Great! Mark: | think we should go to class now or we 10) cescccsesssseseese (Be) late Graig: You'e right. Let's go. Mark: Re aa Write a dialogue between you and your friend in which you make plans for your summer holidays. Use Ex. 11 as a model.14 Modal Verb: (> Listen and repeat. Then act out. Good afternoon, Mrs Brown. Can Frankie come out to play with me? DS = No, !m afraid not. He ien't feeling wel, 60 he should stay in bed. py Oh, eee. Wel, can hie bike come out to play? = The modal verbs are: can, could, must, will, would, shall, may, should, etc. They have the same form in all persons. They come before the subject in questions and take ‘not’ after them in negations. They take the infinitive without ‘to’ after them. (Can she sing? No, she can't sing but she ean dance. Can - Could Canis used to express ability in the | Could is used to express ability in the past present (= 1am able to) or toask | (= I was able to), polite requests or to ask for for permission (= Is it OK if... 2). __ permission politely (= Would it be alright if... 2). ‘She can type. (ability in the present) He could run fast when he was 17. (ability in the past) Can | use your pen? (asking for Could | have some tea? (polite request) permission) Could | leave early, please? (asking for permission polite) @ Circle the correct word. 1 Can)/ Can't | use your pencil, please? 6 She could / can speak Spanish when she 2 You can / can't borrow my book. | need it. was fifteen 3 Maria can't / can sing well. She's got a 7. John and Phil could / can play the piano. beautiful voice. They're quite good at it, too. 4 Could / Couldn't | have a glass of water? 8 Could / Couldn't | go to the cinema with 5 Dan couldn't / could write at the age of one. Aya?Modal Verbs 44 @ Label the speech situations. ability in the present asking for permission asking for permission politely ability in the past polite request (x 2) 1 .aaking.for........ 2 3 _penmniggian politely. They can ewim 60 well. | could walk before Can | sit here? the accident. ‘ Could you help me, please? @ Fill in the gaps with can, can't, could or couldn't. 1 Katherine is three years old. She .... 2207’... write yet. Pr... .. luse your computer, please? 3 Diane go to the cinema with her friends yesterday. She had too much homework. 4 He. read from a very young age 5 Alexa ... drive now that she is eighteen 6 I'm afraid you . - use the printer right now. It's broken. D . Emma speak alan when she was twelve? . - 00k very well. Everything she makes is delicious! «+ Heave early today, Miss Julie? 10 The weather was terrible yesterday, So We .....-.++..++++++.+++. goto the beach, 4-baa Modal Verbs Must - Mustn't We use must to express necessity It's raining. | must take my umbrella. (necessity) (cit is necessary to) or obligation must tidy my room. (obligation) (=I'm obliged to) We use must not/mustn't to show that You mustn't eat in class. something is forbidden or that someone is not allowed to do something. BICYCLES . AND MOTORCYCLE PROHIBITED 1 You...1H2t...reoycle | 2 You tide | 3 You park glass here your bike here here SPEED LIMIT ul 4 You dive | 5 You stop. | 6 You throw slow. your rubbish here. Have to - Don't have to We use have toto express necessity Nurses have to wear a uniform al work (=it is necessary to). We can not choose to do something else. It is obligatory. We use don't / doesn't have to to You don't have to do the ironing. | cid it express lack of necessity (=it is not yesterday, necessary to). = ; | 100 |Modal Verbs C ® Fill in the gaps with the correct form of have to or don’t/doesn't have to. 1 You ....40Nt. have.te.... dust the furniture today. | did it yesterday. 2 Maik... wear a uniform at work. He's a doctor. 3 We've got plenty of time before the film starts. We . hurry. PWAdgls.tere-s-.- =a r . get up early on Saturdays because she doesn't work. 5 Ken broke his leg. He go to the doctors. BNOnischoal nights) Vs. ......c0..ceowen eee go to bed early. 7 We are going to a restaurant tonight, so Mum =» COOK. 8 Myroomisamess.1....... TE 9 Joey... water the plants because it rained yesterday. 10 Samantha type letters at work. She's a secretary. @ Look at the table. Then write sentences about what a teacher has to or doesn't have to. Teacher PTO nh) 1 Cee 2 care about students vi 3 Cored i ioc fas eA @ Fill in the gaps with must, mustn't or don’t have to. 1a9.bo. ghudy. very, hata, vv SAVOUpe Red NL ans... tell anyone. I's a secret. S 1 They . Att. go out 2 He. ee today. do his homework. They ...21U26-. stay in bed 4 We buyany | 5 You Perit) 6 Vous ditewtsscs-s.-% ‘eggs. We've got iots the dog sleep in your bed. do the washing-up. Aob4 Modal Verbs 8 Fill in the gaps with mustn't or don't have to. Ateacher is speaking to her students before a test: “You are going to have a test today. Your test papers are | J oy de on your desks. You 1) ...!UStH'E. .. begin until | say ro L hae) 50. You 2) ...........-..... humy; there is plenty of yy fp Ly gf ) Sd time. You 3) . speak during the test You 4) copy your friends’ work and lll | you 5) open any of your books. You 6) re write in pen; you can write in pencil. YOU 7) ....-.-» «s+» Stay when you've finished; you can leave but you 8) ......-.. ss. be noisy. When you leave, you 9) we ea eae ene eatee tne lessen fet exia Welaetre Favs nepotler cece luck, You can begin now!” ‘Must is used only in the present tense. It borrows the rest of its tenses from the verb have to. Have to changes into has to in the third person singular in the present affirmative and into had to in all persons in the past affirmative. Have to takes do/does/did to form its questions or negations and it is followed by a bare He had to leave early. Did she have to leave early, too? She doesn't have to finish it now. She has to finish it by Monday. Tilwater the plents tonight, so you won't have to do it tomorrow. 9 Fill in the gaps with has to, don't/doesn't have to, had to or won't have to. 1 It's Sunday tomorrow, sol ....wor't have.to.... get up early. 2 You've got lots of time. You soos hurry, 3 I broke my tooth, sol...... . - go to the dentist's yesterday. 4 Let's clean up now so we ... cecseeeeeee Clean up tomorrow. 5 Lucy feels better now, so she take the medicine. 6 He...................... shoutor else she can't hear him, 10 Using modal verbs, complete the sentences about yourself. 1. Atthe weekend, ./.don’t, have.to.go to bed early. 2 Atschool, ......0.200 3. When | was five, 4 On weeknights, AhModal Verbs 44 wn What must/mustn’t people do and what don’t they have to do to be safe on the road? Complete the rules. ‘* wear a racing helmet ‘turn off the music in the car * always wear a seatbelt * follow the speed limit * use your mobile phone while driving # go through a red light Aon’t.have te.wear a.racing, helmet N O Py Toe tiem at In pairs, talk about what you must/mustn't/don'’t have to do to be safe at home. play / matches Student A: We mustn't play with lock windows / doors / at night matches leave / all lights on Student B: Yes, and we must lock all ‘open /door / to strangers windows and doors at call / parents or another adult / night, ete. when / need help Writing Activity ‘Home-Safety’ leaflet to give to all your schoolmates. When you are at home alone: BE 1 You mustn't play with matches. 2 You must lock all the doors and windows at night. NOT : SORRY ‘@ Modal Verbs Shall - Will - Would Shall is used with ‘’ or ‘We! in questions, suggestions or offers. Shall we go to the cinema tonight? Will is used to express predictions, warnings, offers, promises, threats, requests, suggestions, on-the-spot decisions, opinions, hopes and fears. Try harder or you'l fail your exams Would is used to express polite or formal requests. Would you carry my suitcase? Would like is used to express polite or formal offers and suggestions. Would you like some more tea? ®@ Match the sentences to the pictures. Then label the speech situations. Hhope-she-will-eome-ontime: Would you like to drink some milk? Would you type these letters, please? You will get sick if you eat so much. Shall I close the window? Will you post this letter, please? hope polite request warning suggestion —offer_-~—request 104in TA cs sees play the guitar when I was five. Acan — B cant ©) couldn't 2 You ...... shout in the library. A must B mustn't C have to ae 0 you carry this bag for me, please? A Would B Shall Must BRYON cg wash the dishes. I do it A haveto B donthaveto C must ® Circle the correct item. 4 (Shall)/ Would | help you cook dinner? 2 We don't have to / have to buy bread. We've already got some 3 You mustn't / won't talk in the classroom. 4 Paul can / could ride a bike when he was six Modal Verbs . Igo to the supermarket for you? A Would B will C Shall 6 We ...... remember to buy some milk. A could B mustn't C must 7.2... you help me, please? A will B Shall C Must 8 You ...... slay up late. You have school tomorrow. A could B couldn't ~C can't oa | can't go out tonight. | have to / could do my homework. Will / Shall you help me fix my bike, please? You can / shall go to the party but don't come home late. 8 Would / Could you like a cup of tea? yo ‘6 Read the conversation and choose the best answer. Write a letter (A-F) for each answer. There are two extra answers you do not need to use. Simone Carlisle: B. Simone: Carlisle: ‘Simone Cariisle: Simone: Carlisle: had a great time yesterday. No, | couldn't go to the party. I had to stay at home and do my homework. Yes please! Thanks, Simone! No, we can't use my computer. It doesn't work. o> 0° Were you at Ben's party last night? E Yes, | had to leave early. F Yes, it was. | stil haven't finished it. | must finish it today or my teacher will be angry I'm going to the libary now. I hope I can find some useful books there 4-hk14 Modal Verbs _— ‘Should (=it is a good idea)/Shouldn't (= it isn’t a good idea) are used to offer advice. A: My tooth hurts, B: You should see a dentist. You shouldn't eat sweets, (6) Give advice to the people in the pictures. Then match the pictures to the sentences. have / toothache /see /dentist. a> a J.bave.a toothache, B; You should gee a dentist. . 2 have / temperature / visit / doctor 5 A SRS on “ 4 have / headache / take / aspirin Bet ee al. @_) @ Circle the correct item. 1 YouShouldn't) can eat so much fast food. 4 Doctors say we should could eat alot of fut 2 Jane shouldn't / should go out tonight. She 5 James can't / shouldn't drive so fast. He has a test tomorrow. may have an accident 3. | should / shouldn't exercise more. It's good 6 He has a cold. He shouldn't / should stay at for me. home. oh Listen to the problem your teacher has. In teams, give him/her as much advice as you can. Each correct sentence gets a point. Teacher: | have a sore throat. Team A, Student A: You should see a doctor. Teacher: You get 1 point. ‘Team B, Student A: You shouldn't eat ice cream, Teacher: Excellent! You get 1 point, etc. AvoModal Verbs @ Could/May are used to show that something is possible. There are clouds in the sky. It could/may rain. (t's possible) Could/May are also used to ask for permission politely. Could | use your dictionary? May I use your computer? 1 A: You ...!MUSI:.. be careful when you 4 A: Can! go to John's party, Dad? i in the gaps with must or may. Then act out the exchanges. cross the street. B: You can but you ........ be home early. Br know, Mum, 5 A: Are you coming with us to the beach? 2 A: What are you doing this evening? B:1........... come but I don't know yet. B:Imnotsue.|........ gotothecinema. | gp. we, leveu babe Tee 3A: Ave you busy? B: Oh, that’s great! Call me when you know B: Yes. | finish this project tonight. for sure. ® Underline the correct word. 1 Good morning. How ean / must! help you? © 4 Could / Must | sit here, please? 2 Frank may / must be late this evening. May / Must | borrow your pen, please? 3. 'm sorry. You can't / couldn't park here. 6 | must / can’t go to the hospital. | fee! il a ao Replace the words in bold with the correct modal, as in the example. 1 Kate is able to use the computer. > Kate Hee. the compute 2. You are forbidden to eat or drink in class. You 3 You are obliged to tidy your room at the weekend. = You 4 It's a good idea to eat a lot of vegetables. You 5 There's a possibility it wll snow tonight It Se Cacia Write four things you may do next weekend. 1 I may go to the cinema with my friends.GN Geop Listen and repeat. Then act out. If | was on the top, | would wait until the building of a building ard it fell down? Conditional clauses consist of two parts: the if-clause (hypothesis) and the mai clause (result). When the if-clause comes before the main clause the two sentences are separated by a comma. We don't use a comma when the if-clause follows the Ititdoesn't rain, we will go to the park. We will go to the park if t doesn't rain If-clause (hypothesis) DY, CaN feta. | Conditionals ic if + present simple present simple | something which is abways t ue TyPeO ifyou heat ice, t melts Conditionals | “+ present simple ] | future, imperative | something that is tue or likely f, Type 1 _ happen inthe present or future “If he doesn't wear his coat, he will be cold. | Ityou have a headache, take an aspitin Conditionals + past simple would + bare imaginary situation in the present Type 2 infinitive or the future; also used to give “If she fhad a computer, she would send him an email. | (But she doesn't have one so she won't send the email — imaginary situation in the present) If were you, Lwould eat lots of vegetables. (advice) We can use either were or was with the first and third person singular in the if-clause of type 2 conditionals. the were/was older, he would travel around Europe.