Course Title: Applied Statistics for Optometrists

Course Code: ST-327

Instructor: Ms. Rabeea Samad

CHAPTER#6

REGRESSION

Exercise Numerical Problems (Solution)

Q-1: Given the following set of values:

20 11 15 10 17 19
5 15 14 17 8 9

a) Determine the equation of the least squares regression line.

b) Find the predicted values of for .

Solution:

a)

20 5 100 400
11 15 165 121
15 14 210 225
10 17 170 100
17 8 136 289
19 9 171 361
∑ = 92 68 952 1496

∑
̅ ,

∑
̅ ,

∑ (∑ )(∑ )
∑ (∑ )

( ) ( )( )
( ) ( )

,
 ̅ ̅

( )( ) .

Hence the required estimated

regression line of on is

̂ .

Hence the estimated regression coefficient, , indicates that the values of

decrease by -1.06 units for a unit decrease in

b)

The predicted values of for are as follows

̂ ( )

̂ ( )

̂ ( )

̂ ( )

̂ ( )

̂ ( )

Q-2: Given the following set of values:

6.5 5.3 8.6 1.2 4.2 2.9 1.1 3.0

3.2 2.7 4.5 1.0 2.0 1.7 0.6 1.9

Compute the least squares regression equation for values on , that is the equation ̂
.

Solution:

3.2 6.5 20.8 10.24

2.7 5.3 14.31 7.29
4.5 8.6 38.7 20.25
1.0 1.2 1.2 1
2.0 4.2 8.4 4
1.7 2.9 4.93 2.89
 0.6 1.1 0.66 0.36
1.9 3.0 5.7 3.61
∑ = 17.6 32.8 94.7 49.64

∑
̅ ,

∑
̅ ,

∑ (∑ )(∑ )
∑ (∑ )

( ) ( )( )
( ) ( )

̅ ̅

( )( ) .

Hence the required estimated

regression line of on is

̂ .

Hence the estimated regression coefficient, , indicates that the values of

increase by 2.06 units for a unit increase in

Q-3: The following data were collected to determine a suitable regression equation relating the
length of an infant, ( ), to age, (days), and weight at birth, (kg):

57.5 52.8 61.3 67.0 53.5 62.7 56.2 68.5 69.2

78 69 77 88 67 80 74 94 102
2.75 2.15 4.41 5.52 3.21 4.32 2.31 4.30 3.72

a) Fit a least-square regression equation of the form

b) Predict the average length of infants who are 75 days old and weighed 3.15 kg at birth.

Solution:
 78 2.75 57.5 4485 158.125 6084 7.5625 214.5
69 2.15 52.8 3643.2 113.52 4761 4.6225 148.35
77 4.41 61.3 4720.1 270.333 5929 19.4481 339.57
88 5.52 67.0 5896 369.84 7744 30.4704 485.76
67 3.21 53.5 3584.5 171.735 4489 10.3041 215.07
80 4.32 62.7 5016 270.864 6400 18.6624 345.6
74 2.31 56.2 4158.8 129.822 5476 5.3361 170.94
94 4.30 68.5 6439 294.55 8836 18.49 404.2
102 3.72 69.2 7058.4 257.424 10404 13.8384 379.44
∑ =729 32.69 548.7 45001 2036.213 60123 128.7345 2703.43

First we calculate the required sums from the data as

∑ ,∑ ,∑ ,∑ ,∑ ,∑
,∑ ,∑ , .
(∑ ) ( )
∑ ∑

(∑ ) ( )
∑ ∑

(∑ )(∑ ) ( )( )
∑ ∑

(∑ )(∑ ) ( )( )
∑ ∑

(∑ )(∑ ) ( )( )
∑ ∑

Now we compute the regression co-efficient and constant as follows:

(∑ )(∑ ) (∑ )(∑ ) ( )( ) ( )( )
(∑ )(∑ ) (∑ ) ( )( ) ( )

(∑ )(∑ ) (∑ )(∑ ) ( )( ) ( )( )
(∑ )(∑ ) (∑ ) ( )( ) ( )

And

̅ ̅ ̅

( )( ) ( )( )

Hence the desired multiple linear regression equation is

̂
b)

̂ ( ) ( ) kg