Name: ulpa dewi

Nim: 1920300102

Answer:

1. The Audio-lingual Method ( ALM ) is a method of foreign language teaching which emphasizes the
teaching of listening and speaking before reading and writing. It uses dialogues as the main form of
language presentation and drills as the main training techniques. Mother tongue is discouraged in the
classroom.Example :

a.Technique repetition drill : This drill is often used to teach the lines of the dialogue. Students are asked
to repeat the teacher’s model as accurately and as quickly as possible.

b.Substitution drill : The students repeat the line from the dialogue which the teacher has given them,
substituting the cue into the line in its proper place.

c.QnA drill : The drill gives students practice with answering questions. The students should answer the
teacher’s question very quickly. It is also possible for the teacher to cue the students to ask questions as
well.

2. Cooperative Language Learning is founded on some basic premises about the interactive/cooperative
nature of language and language learning.

3. The Communicative Approach is based on the idea that learning a language successfully comes
through having to communicate real meaning. In the Communicative Approach, the main objective is to
present a topic in context as natural as possible.

4. This approach follows the following stages: “develop rhetorical awareness by looking at model texts;
practice specific genre features, especially moves and writer stance; carry out writing tasks showing
awareness of the needs of individual readers and the discourse community and the purpose of the
writing; evaluatemany experts state that genre as an approach to teaching and learning writing shows
its typical process, procedures, and steps. states that genre writing as a process of teaching and learning
can be developed and conducted through a number of phases to follow in. He proposes three main
phases of genre writing process consisting of a) modeling, b) deconstruction, and c) language
understanding.

5. (1) Self-efficacy in Reading (SER) (Prat-Sala & Redford, 2010), (2) a Multiple Intelligence Scale
(Armstrong, 1993), and (3) Oxford’s (1990) Language Learning Strategies.