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Smart Irrigation System Based On Internet of Things
Smart Irrigation System Based On Internet of Things
(This report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of
Masters of Business Administration with major in Marketing)
Submitted To
Submitted By
Mohammed Rasel
ID: 230512009
Program: MBA (2 Years)
School of Business
University of Creative Technology Chittagong (UCTC)
This is to certify that a project paper titled “Smart irrigation system based on Internet of
Things” has been completed under my supervision by Mohammed Rasel, a student of MBA
(Major in Marketing) University of Creative Technology Chittagong, bearing ID230512009.
This project paper is an original one. It was not published earlier anywhere and not submitted
to any university. We believe that this project system will be more useful in areas where there
is scarcity of water and will be worth efficient with satisfying its requirements. I therefore
recommend this project paper to accept for the completion of Master of Business
Administration (MBA).
Sakera Begum
Lecturer
School of Business
University of Creative Technology Chittagong (UCTC)
Letter of Submission
May-12, 2021
To
The Coordinator
School of Business
University of Creative Technology Chittagong (UCTC)
Dear Sir:
It is a pleasure for me to submit the report as per the University requirements and guidelines. It
was an excellent experience for me, and it also gives me a taste of practical research experience
on the “Smart irrigation system based on Internet of Things”. I am grateful to you for your
help and guidance.
I hereby certify that I have not adopted any plagiarism while preparing the report as submitted.
The whole report is prepared predominately using the primary data, which was not tempered or
manipulated by any means. All the data and analysis, as presented in the report, are original
work for me. I have tried to provide proper citations for the secondary data I have used for this
report.
I hope and request that you would be kind enough to accept the report. If you need further
information regarding this report, I will always provide the necessary information, sincerely.
Thanking You
Sincerely Yours
Mohammed Rasel
ID: 230512009
Program: MBA (2 Years)
School of Business
University of Creative Technology Chittagong
Student’s Declaration
I do hereby declare that the project paper entitled “Smart irrigation system based on Internet
of Things” has been submitted to University of Creative Technology Chittagong in partial
fulfillment requirement for the Degree of Masters of Business Administration (MBA) Major in
Marketing. This work is original one and has not previously been accepted or submitted for any
Degree, Diploma or Fellowship to any other institution or University.
Mohammed Rasel
ID: 230512009
Program: MBA (2 Years)
School of Business
University of Creative Technology Chittagong
Acknowledgment
At First I would like to convey my sincere gratitude to the almighty God for his blessing in
completing this project report. I am very much grateful to Sakera Begum Lecturer, Faculty of
Business Studies, University of Creative Technology, Chittagong, my respected supervisor of
"this report," who assigned me this challenging work. She always guided me to take and
overcome this challenge. Her direction, critical comments, criticism generous patience greatly
helped me to carry on the project paper and give it a final shape. Without her help in every
step, I could not finish this project properly in time.
This Research paper is an accrual of many people's efforts. I am obliged to a number of people
who helped me organize this report and their kind opinion, valuable suggestions and
instructions, moral support, and appropriate guidelines for this. I have received endless support
and guidance in the preparation of this report from numerous sources. I would like to take this
opportunity to thank them all.
I also express my warm gratitude and cordial thanks to all the faculty members of school of
business of UCTC who gave us necessary information and excellent guidance to prepare this
report.
At every moment, I remember the respondents of my survey questionnaire, who sacrificed their
valuable time for answering all questions of my research topic, which helped me a lot to
prepare this report. Without their cooperation, this report would not be possible.
Finally, I would like to convey my gratitude to all of my family member and friends who
extended their support to prepare the report.
Executive Summary
The Internet of Things (IOT) technology is very useful in agriculture. In Bangladesh,
agriculture plays an important role for development in food production. IOT plays an
important role in many fields, one of that is Agriculture by which it can feed billions of
people on Earth in future. The objective of this project is aiming to overcome this
challenge, the whole system is microcontroller based and can be operated from remote
location through wireless transmission so there is no need to concern about irrigation
timing as per crop or soil condition. Sensor is used to take reading of soil like soil moisture,
temperature, air moisture and decision making is controlled by user (farmer) by using
microcontroller. The data received from sensors are sent to server database using wireless
transmission. The irrigation will be automatically on when the soil moisture level is
reduced. When soil moisture level condition is fulfilled then the irrigation is automatically
off. The farmer is notified with the information regarding field condition through mobile or
LCD display periodically. This system will be more useful in areas where there is scarcity
of water and will be worth efficient with satisfying its requirements.
Table of Content
CHAPTER PARTICULARS PAGE NO.
NO.
Supervisor’s Approval
Letter of Submission
Student’s Declaration
Acknowledgment
Executive summary
Introduction
1.1 Introduction
Literature Review
Methodology
5.2 Recommendations
5.3 Conclusion
References
Appendix
Questionnaire
CHAPTER ONE
1.1) Introduction
In smart agriculture, one of the main sensors is soil moisture sensor. It is used to
measure the volumetric water content (moisture) presents in the soil. The threshold
value is fixed, and the soil moisture value level measured and checks with threshold
as above and below levels. The humidity sensors help to measure the surrounding
air temperature and relative humidity. Relative humidity is the ratio of actual
moisture in the air to the highest amount of moisture that can be held at that air
temperature. Irrigation is the fundamental need of agriculture, there are three classic
irrigation methods: channel irrigation, sprinkler irrigation and Drip Irrigation
According to the need of crops these three methods are being used. Regarding smart
irrigation system, researchers have proven that water usage is minimized when an
automated irrigation system that relies on soil moisture as a parameter is
implemented. Among this Drip Irrigation is the one where farmers can conserve
more water as it will supply the water in the form of droplets directly on to the root
of the plant on to the surface of the soil. But to irrigate the plants human continuous
attention towards the crops is essential and also man power is needed to implement
any irrigation method. To avoid this, sensors automatic method of Drip irrigation
can be implemented and the status of the irrigation can be notified updated to
farmer using IOT. To implement these things RaspberryPi3 model B processor has
been used with ESP32 module in order to avoid damage of RPI. A customized
sensor- based system can be used which reduces the power consumption in the
aspect of water source as well as the cost incurred during the irrigation process.
When we study in this project. we are find many irrigation system such as
Automatic Irrigation System on Sensing Soil Moisture Content, Remote Monitoring
in Agricultural Greenhouse Using Wireless Sensor and Short Message Service
(SMS), a
Arduino based remote irrigation system developed for the agricultural plantation,
Irrigation Control System Using Android and GSM for Efficient Use of Water and
Power, Microcontroller based Controlled Irrigation System for Plantation
, A wireless application of drip irrigation automation supported by soil moisture
sensors etc. By all above this system it is found that no such systems are existed
with all integrated features but proposed system includes these all features such as
displaying temperature, humidity and soil moisture values and also automatic
switching on and off of motor by considering soil moisture values.
Though I have tried to put best effort to fulfill determined objective, still there were
some limitations. Those are given below:
[1] IOT Based Auto Irrigation System Using Soil Moisture Sensor.
Automatic irrigation system is constructed with the support of pump motor. The motor
will turn ON or OFF automatically. The signal received from the microcontroller and the
soil moisture is used to turn ON the water pump. While begin the process, the power is
supplied to the microcontroller. The level of the moisture and the humidity and
temperature is noted. According to the moisture content, the water is supplied. If the
sensed value is less than fixed value, the irrigation motor will turn ON. This can be
controlled over the system using the internet connectivity.
IOT mentioned about using sensor based irrigation in which the irrigation will take place
whenever there is a change in temperature and humidity of the surroundings. The flow of
water is managed by solenoid valve. The opening and closing of valve is done when a
signal is send through microcontroller. The water to the root of plant is done drop by drop
using rain gun and when the moisture level again become normal then sensor senses it and
send a signal to microcontroller and the value is then closed. The two mobile are
connected using GSM. The GSM and microcontroller are connected using
MAX232.When moisture of the soil become low moisture sensor sense it and send signal
to microcontroller, then the microcontroller gives the signal to mobile and it activate the
buzzer. This buzzer indicates that valve needs to be opened by pressing the button in the
called function signals are sent back to microcontroller. Microcontroller used can increase
System Life and lower the power Consumption. There system is just limited to the
automation of irrigation system and lacks in extra ordinary features.
[3] In Automated Irrigation System Using a Wireless Sensor Network and GPRS
Module.
About using automatic irrigation system in which irrigation will take place by wireless
sensor units (WSUs) and a wireless information unit (WIU), linked by radio transceivers
that allowed the transfer of soil moisture and temperature data, implementing a WSN that
uses ZIGBEE technology. It takes a measure of temperature and moisture using sensor
and controlled by microcontroller. The WIU has also a GPRS module to transmit the data
to a web server via the public mobile network. The information can be remotely
monitored online through a graphical application through Internet access devices. This
irrigation system allows cultivation in places with water scarcity thereby improving
sustainability and it is feasible system. But due to ZIGBEE protocol this system becomes
more costly.
[4] In Wireless Sensor Network based Remote Irrigation Control System and
Automation using DTMF code.
About using automated irrigation system for proper yield and handled remotely for farmer
safety. Wireless sensor network and Embedded based technique of DTMF (Dual Tone
Multiple Frequency) signaling to control water flow for sectored, sprinkler or drip section
irrigation. Circuit switching instead of packet switching used by SMS controlled devices
available currently in the market. The farmer can use his cell phone or landline phone for
the purpose of starting and controlling the irrigation and the pesticide spraying, just by
dialing and sending the DTMF commands over the GSM network. This system will be
very economical in terms of the hardware cost, power consumption and call charges.
Farmers have to control (on/off) the valves time to time (even at night) which increases
the running cost because every time we have to make a call to on or off the valves and it is
also very inconvenient. Farmers are unable to know the status of power supply at the field.
[5] In Wireless Sensor Network Based Automated Irrigation and Crop Field Monitoring
System mentioned about using wireless sensor network based automated irrigation system for
optimize water use for agricultural purpose. The system consists of distributed wireless sensor
network of soil moisture, and temperature sensors placed in the crop field. To handle the
sensor information Zig bee protocol used and control the water quantity programming using
an algorithm with threshold values of the sensors to a microcontroller for irrigation system.
The system continuously displays the abnormal condition of the land (soil moisture,
temperature level). Using a GSM modem with GPRS facility feature provides the information
to fanners and interface with PIC 18F77 A microcontroller. The Irrigation system is automatic
and manual mode. This system increase the crop fields, improve the crop quality, increase the
energy and reduce the non-point source pollution. Due to PIC microcontroller the length of
the program will be big because of using RISC (35 instructions).
About using fully automated drip irrigation system which is controlled and monitored by
using ARM9 processor.PH content and the nitrogen content of the soil are frequently
monitored. For the purpose of monitoring and controlling, GSM module is implemented.
The system is used to turn the valves ON or OFF automatically as per the water
requirement of the plants. The system informs user about any abnormal conditions like
less moisture content and temperature rise, even concentration of CO2 via SMS through
the GSM module. The moisture sensor output will help to determine whether to irrigate
the land or not depending upon the moisture content. Along with moisture sensor the
temperature sensor output can also be taken into consideration while irrigating the land. If
the moisture content of soil is very low and the temperature is very high then there is need
of irrigation for plants, but the time for which irrigation will be provided is different for
different temperature range. Small amount of water is lost through deep percolation if the
proper amount is applied. ARM processor is that it is not binary compatible with x86.
This means you not going to be running windows any time soon. There are several Unix
operating systems that can run on ARM however, such as Linux and BSD.
Chapter 3: Proposed system
3.1) Methodology