Bleach wash » Bleach wash is the process of creating fading effect on the garments by use of bleaching agents. The bleaching agents generally cut the bond of coloring particle with the fabric, thus freeing them, creating a faded outlook. The bleaching agents generally used in garments washing process are: - 1.Bleaching powder » 2.Sodium Hypochlorite. » 3.Hyedrogen peroxide » The bleaching agents are serially put as per as their bleaching strength, we start with bleaching powder for mild bleaching & for better bleaching so forth. » Normally for garments fabric dyed with direct dye or reactive dye we use bleach wash for fading.Objects » 1.To remove size particles. - 2.To create a overall fading effect on garments. : 3.To crate softness for user. - 4.To create a prominent fading effect that is easily detectable.Washing recipe for 100KG Denim pants » Step-1:Desizing: - 1.Add water @1:5=500 L water added in the washing m/c. - 2.Add the garments in the machine & start the m/c to run for 2- 3 mins. + 3.In this time the garments will be properly soaked by water will take the chemicals uniformly. - 4.Raise the temp to 60° C by steady steam supply. - 5.Add the desizing enzyme (cellulase enzyme) @1.5%=1.5 Kg enzyme & run the machine for 20-25 mins. + 6.In this time the enzymes will break down the long starch molecules into smaller ones that can be easily washed away. - 7.The tepm. of the wash bath is raised to 85-90°C. By this process the enzymes in the wash bath will be deactivated. + 8.Liquor is drained off.Continue » Step-2:Rinsing:(Optional + 1.Add water@1:2/3=200L-300L water. » 2.Raise the temperature of the wash bath to 40° & wash for 5-7 minutes. - 3.By this process the loose starch particles & other adjacent impurities will be washed away from the garments. - 4.Drain off the liquor. - The reason rinsing is optional because the next step is Bleaching in which any remaining starch materials will be desolved so they don’t create any more problem.* Step-3:Bleaching: 41.Add water @ 1:5=500L water in the machine, then run the m/c for 2-3 mins then add the following chemicals gradually over 5 mins: #Caustic soda cH OPossxus 2KG #Hydrogen Peroxide --@5 mwL.....2.5L #Stabilizer @2.5mWLssessees: 1:25 | #Soda ash... 0000 ce @2%.....2.0.4 2KG TempXTime inn esses 80°C X 70 mins. Check for desired fading effect after 50 mins & when it is achieved the washing process is stopped & liquor drained off.Washing Mechanism » During the washing process hydrogen peroxide produces per hydroxyl ions, which take part in bleaching action stripping colors of the fabric resulting into fading effect of the garments color. » Presence of the stabilizer in the wash bath ensures the steady production of per hydroxyl ions because over 80°C the Peroxide is exhausted very quickly. » Soda ash is used in the liquor for maintaining the PH level at 10-11.Variables » Depending on the extent of the fading effect the following variables are present: » 1.% of chemicals: for higher range of shade% + 2.Liqour temp: maximum of 95°C . » 3.Washing time: 55-85 mins. » Step-4:Rinsing: - 1.Add water@1:2/3=200L-300L water. » 2.Raise the temperature of the wash bath to 40° & wash for 5-7 minutes. - 3.By this process the loose color particles & other adjacent impurities will be washed away from the garments. » 4.Drain off the liquor.+ Step-5:Neutralization: » 1.Add water@1:5=500L water. - 2.Add Acetic acid @2 ml/L=1L to the liquor » 3.Wash for 5-7 mins at room temp. - 4.By this process the additional bleach present in the garments after wash will be removed & the PH level of the garments will be controlled at 6.8-7.2. - 5.It is an important process because if the extra bleach is present in the garments then after storing it for 15-30 days yellow color stain will be developed in the garments due to chlorinization/oxidation.' Step-6:Softening: » 1.Add water@1:3=300L water. » 2.Add softener(silicon) @0.5%-1% =500 ml-1L softener. » 3.Wash for 5-10 minutes at room temperature. » 4.Drain of the liquor. ' 5.By this process the garments will posses a soft hand- feel. » Step-7:Hydroextruct » Step-8:Drying