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    Solucionario de Estatica de Beer 9 Edicion

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    PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. McGraw-Hill’) «J protected by copyright and other state and federal | By opening: and using this Manual the user agrees to the following restrictions, and if the recipient does nol auree to these restrictions, the Manual should be promptly returned unopened to McGraw-Hill: This Manual is being provided only to authorized professors and instructors for use in prepuring for the classes using the ated textbook, No other use or distribution of this Manual is permitted. ‘This Manual may not be sold and may not be distributed to or used by any student or other third party. No part of this M. may be reproduced, displayed or distributed in any form or by any means, electronic or otherwise, without the prior iten peri sion of McGraw- ‘This Manual is the proprietary property of Th Instructor's and Solutions Manual Volume 1, Chapter 2.5 to accompany VECTOR: MECHANICS eee BEER | JOHNSTON | MAZUREK | EISENBERG Ninth Edition Instructor’s and Solutions Manual to accompany Vector Mechanics for Engineers, Statics Ninth Edition Volume |, Chapters 2-5 Ferdinand P. Beer Late of Lehigh University David F, Mazurek United States Coast Guard Academy Elliot Eisenberg The Pennsylvania State University Prepared by Amy Mazurek Williams Memoria Inssinwe PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL ‘Tis Manual isthe proprstory property of The MeCirexr-Hill Companies Ine. (*MeGran Hit?) and protected! by copy other site and federal hws. By opening and using this Manan the user agiees to the folloaring restictions, and iF th doesnot agree to these resritions, tne Manual shoulé be promptly seturied! unopened to MeGran-Hill: This Manual is being provided only to authorized prof ‘ No other use o distrbation of this Manval i pe used by any student or ather third part fr by any means, ele ER Higher Education Boston Bur Ridgo, IL Dubuque, IA Now York San Francisco St Louls Bangkek Bogots Garecas Kusla Lumpur Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City ‘Milan Vonieal New Delhi Santiago Seoul Singapore Sydnoy Taipel Toronto een Higher Education esieto's al Soations Maca, Votive Lo accompany VECTOR MECHANICS FOR ENGINEERS, STATICS, NINTH EDITION Farclinand P. Bese, Russell Johnston, J, David F, Mazur, and Elliot Eisenborg Publis by MC Ul Highr Eeetion, anit of The MeGraw Hill Connpane, ne, 1224 ANenue of the Ameria, Now Vers, NY HOU. Cappeght © 2010, 2002, 209, and 1977 by Hhe Metraw- kl Companies, ne. Al ght esered "te contents, or prt thereof may Re eeprodced punt fm Solely fr slsstoom use wilt VECTOR MECHANICS FOR ENGINEERS, STATICS, RINTH BDIION provid such rprocactions beer ecpytght netic, at my aot be epdace a any ete foam ofc any ther Duspose wth! he prior wren const of The Met Mil Corpor, Ino nsvdng, ba wat ined we, mn ete or eter elect erage o wemsson, or esc fo diene leaning, ‘This book spite on idee paper 12 saserevoccwrccwe ISBN: o7R.0.07-724018-2 Sa O07 72aDIL TABLE OF CONTENTS TO THE INSTRUCTOR ..... DESCRIPTION OF THE MATERIAL CONTAINED IN VECTOR MECHANICS FOR ENGINEERS: STATICS, NINTH EDITION vii TABLE I: LIST OF THE TOPICS COVERED IN VECTOR MECHANICS FOR ENGINE STATICS, TABLE Il: CLASSIFICATION AND DE: "RIPTION OF PROBLEMS. SSIGNMENT SCHEDULE FOR A COURSE IN STATICS sevens XRWALL ‘TABLE IV: SAMPLE ASSIGNMENT SCHEDULE FOR A COURSE IN STATICS (75% of Problems in $1 Units and 25% of Problems in U.S. Customary Units)... XAXIN, ‘TABLE V: SAMPLE: ASSIGNMENT SCHEDULE FOR A COMBINED COURSE IN STATICS AND DYNAMICS (50% of Problems in SI Units and 50% of Problems in U.S. Customary Units) NX PROBLEM SOLUTIONS js. ‘TO THE INSTRUCTOR, As indicated in its preface, Vector Mechanics jor Engineers: Statics is designed for the first ‘eourse in statics offered in the sophomore year of college. New concepts have, therefore, been presented in simple terms and every step has been explained in detail. However, because of the large number of optional sections which have been included and the maturity of approach which has boon achieved, this ext can also be used to teach a course which will challenge the more advanced student The text has been divided into units, cach corresponding to a well-defined topic and consisting of one or several theory sections, one or several Semple Problems, a section entitled Solving Problems on Your Own, anda large number of problems to be assigned. To assist instructors in making up a schedule of assignments that will best fit their classes, the Various topics covered in the text have been listed in Table T and a suggested number of periods to be spent on each topic has been indicated. Hoth a minimum and a maximum umber of periods have been suggested, and the topics which form the standard basic course in statics have been separated fiom those which are optional, The total number of periods req jie material varies from 26 to 39, while covering the entire toxt would require from 41 to 65 periods. If allowance is made for the time spent for review and exams, it is seen that this text is equally suitable for teaching a basic staties course to stodents with Limited preparation (sinee this can be done in 39 periods or less) and for teaching a more complete statics course to advanced students (since 41 periods or more are necessary to cover the entire text) In most instances, of course, the instructor will want to inelude some, but not all, of the additional moteriat presented in the text. in addition, it is noted that the text is suitable for teaching an abriciged course in staties which can be used as an introduetion to the study of dynamics (see Table 1). ‘The problems have been grouped according to the portions of material they iMlusteate and have been amanged in onder of increasing difficulty, with problems requiring special attention indicated by asterisks. We note that, in most cases, problems have been arranged in groups of six or more, all problems of the same group boing closely related. ‘This means thal instructors will easily find additional problems to amplify a particular point which they may have brought up in discussing a problem assigned for homework. A group of problems designed to be solved with computational software can be found at the end of each chapter. Solutions for these problems, including analyses of the problems and problem solutions and ouput for the most widely used computational programs, ate provided at the instructor § edition of the text's website: hitp://www.mbhe.com/beerjohnston, To assist in the preparation of homework assignments, Table I provides a brief description of all groups of problems and 2 classification of the problems in each group according to the units used. Tr should also be hoted that the answers to all problems are given at the end of the text, except for tho: with a number in itulic. Because of the large number of problems available in both systems of units, the instructor has the choice of assigning, problems using SI units andl problems using U.S. customary units in whatever proportion is found fo be most desirable for a given class. To illustrate this point, sample lesson schedules are shown in Tables IIL 1V, and Y, together with various alternative lists of assigned homework problems. Half of the problems in cach of the six lists suggested in Table iM and Table V are stated in St units and half in U.S. customary units, On the other hand, 75% of the problems in the four lists suggested in Table TV are stated in SJ units and 25% in U.S, customary units. Since the approach used in this teat differs in a number of respects from the approach used in other books, instructors will be well advi- sedi to read the preface to Vector Mechanics for Engineers, in which the authors have outlined their general philosophy. In addition, instructors will find in the following pages a description, chapier by chapter, of the more significant features of this text. It is hoped that this msterial will help instructors in organizing their courses to best fit the needs of their students. The authors wish to seknowledge and thank Amy Mazurek of Williams Memorial Institute for her careful preparation of the solutions contained in this ‘manual F, Russell Johnston, J David Muzurek Elliot B Kisenberg DESCRIPTION OF THE MATERIAL CONTAINED IN VECTOR MECHANICS FOR ENGINEERS: STATICS, Ninth Edition Chapter 1 Introduction The material in this chapter can be used as a first assignment or for later reference. The six fandameutal principles lisied in Sec. 1.2 are introduced separately and are discussed at greater length in the following chapters, Section 1,3 deals with the two systems of ‘units used in the text. The SI metric units are discussed first. The base units are defined and the use of multiples and submultiples is explained, The various SI prefixes are presented in Table 1.1, while the principal SI used in statics and dynamics are listed in ‘Table 1.2, In the second part of See, 1.3, the base U.S, customary units used in mechanics are defined, and in Sec. L4, it is shown how numerical data stated in U.S. customary units can be converted into SI units, and vice versa. The ST equivalents of the principal U.S. customary units used in staties and dynamics are listed in Table 1.3. The instructor's attention is called to the fact that the various rules relating to the use of SI units have been observed throughout the text, For instance, multiples and submultiples (such as KN and mm) are used whenever possible to avoid writing more than four digits the left of the decimal point or zeras to the tight of the decimal point. When 5-digit or larger numbers involving SI units are used, spaces rather than commas are utilized to separate digits into groups of three (for example, 20 000 km), Also, prefixes are never used in the denominator of derived units; for example, the constant of 2 spring which stretches 20 mm under a Joad of 100 N is expressed as $ kN/m, not as 5 Nim, in order (o achieve as much uniformity as possible between results expressed respectively in S1 and U.S, customary units, a center point, rather than a hyphen, has been used to combine the symbols representing U.S. customary units (for example, 10 Ib + fs furthermore, the amit of time has been represented by the symbol s, rather than sec, whether SI or U.S. customary units are involved (for example, 5 s, 50 #75, 15 invs), However, the traditional use of commas to separate digits into groups of been maintained for S-digit and numbers involving U.S. customary Chapter 2 Staties of Particles This is the first of two chapters dealing with the fundamental properties of force systems. A simple, intuitive classification of forces has been used: forees acting on a particle (Chap. 2) and forees acting on a rigid body (Chap. 3). Chapter 2 begins with the parallelogram law of addition of forces and with the introduction of the fundamental properties of vectors. In the text, forces and other vector quantities are always shown in bold-face type. Thus, a force F (boldface), which is a vector quantity, is clearly distinguished fiom the magnitude F (italic) of the foree, which is 2 sealar quantity. ‘On the blackboar! and in handwritten work, where bold-face lettering is not practical, vector quantities can be indicated by underlining, Both the magnitude and the direction of a vector quantity must he given to completely define that quantity. Thus, a force F of magnitude J = 280 Ib, directed upward to the right at an angle of 25° with the horizontal, is indicated as F = 280 Ib <<”. 25° when printed or as F = 280 tb 277 25° when handwritten, Unit vectors i and j are introduced in See. 2.7, where the rectangular components of forces sue considered In the carly sections of Chap. 2 the fatlowing basic topics arc presented: the equilibrium ‘of a particle, Newton’s first law, and the concept of the five-body diagram. These first sections provide a review of the methods of plane trigonomety and familiarize the studenis with the proper use of « calculator. ‘A general procedure for the solution of problems involving concurrent forces is given: when a problem involves only three forees, the use of a force triangle and a trigonometric. solution is. prefer problem involves more than three forves, the forces should be resolved into rectangular components and the equations 5 = 0, L= 0 should be used. The second part of Chap. 2 deals with forces in space and with the equilibrium of particles in space, Unit vectors are used and forees are expressed in the form F = Fil-+ Fj + Fak = FA, where i, j, and K are the ‘anit yeetors directed respectively along the x, y, and 2 axes, and ) is the unit vector ditceled along the line of action of F. Note that since this chapter deals only with particles or bodies whieh can be considered as particles, problems involving compression members have been postponed with only a few exceptions until Chap. 4, where students will learn to handle rigid-body problems in a uniform fashion and will not be tempted to erroneously assume that forces are concurrent or that reactions are directed along mem! It should be observed that when ST units are used a body is generally specified by its mass expressed in kilograms. The weight of the body, however, should be expressed in newtons, Therefore, in many equilibrium problems involving SI units, an additional calculation is required before a tiee-body diagram can be drawn (compare the example in Sec. 2.11 and Sample Probs. 2.5 and 2.9). ‘This apparent disadvantage of the SI system of units, when compared to the U.S. customary units, will be offset in dynamics, where the mass of a body expressed in kilograms ean be entered directly into the equation F = ina, whereas with U.S. customary unils the mass of the body must {be determined in Ib + s/t (or slugs) from. its weight in pounds. ‘Chapter 3 Rigid Bodie: Equivalent Systems of Forces The principle of transmissibility is presented 8 the basic assumption of the statics of rigid bodies. However, it is pointed out that this principle ean be derived from Newion s of motion (see Sec, 16.3 of Dynamics). The vector product is then introduced and used to define the moment of a force about a point. ‘The convenience of using the determinant form (Eqs. 3.19 and 3,21) fo express the moment of a force sbout 2 point should be noted. The scalar product and the mixed triple product are introduced and used to define the moment of a force about an axis, Again, the convenience of using the determinant form (Eqs. 3.43 and 3.46) should be noted. The amount of time which should be assigned to this part of the chapter will depend on the extent to which vector algebra has been considered and used in prerequisite mathematics and physics courses. It is felt that, even with no previous Knowledge of vector algebra, a maximum of four periods is adequate (see Table 1. Tn Sees, 3.12 through 3.15 couples are introduced, and it is proved that couples are equivalent if they have the same moment While this fundamental property of couples is often taken for granted, the authors believe that its rigorous and logical proof is necessary if rigor and logic are to be demanded of the students in the solution of their mechanies problems. In Sections 3.16 through 3.20, the coneept of equivalent systems of forces is carcfully presented. This concept is made more intuitive through the extensive use of five-boch-diagram equations (see Figs. 3,39 through 3.46). Note that the moment of a force is either not shown or is represented by a green vector (Figs. 3.12 and 3.27). A red vector with the symbol) is used only to represent @ couple, that is, an actual system consisting of two forces (Figs 3.38 through 3.46). Section 3.21 is optional; it introduces the concept of a yerench and shows how the most general sysfem of forces in spa can be reduced o this combination of a force and a couple with the same Line of action Since one of the purposes of Chap. 3 is to familiarize students. with the fundamentel operations of vector algebra, students should be encouraged to solve all problems in this chapter (oxo-dimensionsl as well as three- dimensional) using the methods of vector algebra. However, many students may be expected to develop solutions of their own, particularly in the case of two-dimensional problems, based on the direct computation of ‘the moment of a force about a given point as the product of the magnitude of the force and the perpendicular distance to the point considered, Such altemative solutions may ovcasionally be indigated by the instructor (as in Sample Prob. 3.9), who may then wish to compare the solutions of the sample problems. of this chapter with the solutions of the sam sample problems given in Chaps. 3 and 4 of the parallel text Mechanics for Engineers. Wt should be pointed out that in later chapters the use of vecior products will generally be reserved for the solution of three-dimensional problems. Chapter 4 Equilibrium of Rigid Bodies In the first part of this chopter, problems involving the equilibrium of rigid bodies in two dimensions are considered and solved using, ordinary algebra, while problems involving three dimensions and requiring the fall use of vector algebra are discussed in the second part of the chapter. Particular emphasis is placed on the correct drawing and use of free-body diagrams and on the types of reactions produced by various supports and connections (see Figs. 4.1 and 4.10). Note that a distinction is made between hinges used in pairs and hinges used alone; in the first case the reactions consist only of force components, while in the second case the reactions may, if necessary, inelude couples. For a itis id body in two dimensions, shown (See. 44) that no more than three independent equations ean be written for a given five body, so that s problem involving the equilibrium of a single rigid body ean be solved for no more than three unknowns, It is also shown that it is possible to choose equilibrium equations containing only one unknown to avoid the necessity of solving simultaneous equations. Section 4.5 introduces the concepts of statieal indeterminacy and partial constraints, Sections 4.6 and 4.7 are devoted to the equilibrium of two- and three~ forve bodies; it is shown how these concepts cari be used to simplify the solution of certain problems. This topic is presented only afer the general case of equilibrium of a rigid body to lessen the possibility of students: misusing this particular method of solution The cquilibrium of a rigid body in three dimensions is considered with full emphasis placed on the frve-body diagram. While the fool of vector algebra is freely used to simplify the computations involved, vector algebra does not, and indeed cannot, replace the fiee-body diagram as the focal point of an equilibrium problem, Therefore, the solution of every sample problem in this section begins with a referenee to the drawing of a free-body diagram. Emphasis is also placed on the fact that the number of unknowns and the number of equations must be equal if a structure is to be statically determinate and completely constrained. Chapter Distributed Forces Centroids and Centers of Gravity Chapter 5 stats by defining the center of gravity of a body as the point of application of the resultant of the weights of the various particles forming the body. This definition is then used to establish the concept of the centroid of an area or fine. ion 54 troduces the concept of the first moment of an area or Hine, 2 concept fundamental to the analysis of shearing stresses in beams in a later study of mechsnics of materials. All problems assigned for the first period involve only areas and lines made of simple geometric shapes: thus, they can be solved without using calculus. Section 5.6 explains the use of differential elements in the determination of centroids by integration. The theorems of Pappus-Guldinus ae given in Sec. 5.7. Sections 5.8 and 5.9 are optional; they show how the resultant of a distributed load can be determined by evalucting an area and by locating iss centroid, Sections $.10 through 5.12 deal with centers of gravity and centroids of yolumes, Here again the determination of the centroids of composite shapes precedes the calculation of centroids by integration. It should be noted that when ST units are used, a given material is generally characterized by its density (mass per unit volume, expressed in kg/m’), rather than by its specific weight (eight per unit volume, expressed in N/m’), The specific weight of the material can then be obtained by multiplying its density by g = 9.81 m/s” (sce footnote, page 222 of the text). Chapter 6 Analysis of Structures In this chapter students learn to determine the internal forces exerted on the members of pin- connected structures. The chapter starts with the statement of Newton s third law (action and reaetion) and is divided into two parts: (q) ttusses, that is, structures consisting of two-force members only, (5) frames and machines, that is, structures involving maltiforee members, After trusses and simple trusses have heen defined in Sees. 6.2 and 6.3, the method of Joints and the method of sections are explained in detail in See. 6.4 and Sec. 6.7, respectively. Since a discussion of Maxwell's diagram is not included in this text, the use of Bow’s notation has been avoided, and a uniform notation has been used in presenting the method of joints and the method of sections. In the method of joints, a free-body diagram should be drawn for each pin. Since all forces are of known direction, their magnitudes, zather than their components, should be used Following the _ general procedure outlined in Chap. 2, joints involving only three forces are solved using @ fore tiangle, while joints involving more than three forees are solved by summing x and » components. Seetions 6.5 and 6.6 are optional. It is shown in See. 6.5 how the analysis of certain trusses can be expedited by recognizing joints uncer special loading conditions, while in Sce. 6.6 the method of joints is applied to the solution of three- dimensional tusses. as unknowns. It is pointed out in Sec. 6.4 that forces in simple truss can be determined by analyzing the truss joint by joint and that joints ean always be found that involve only two unknown forves. The method of sections (Sec. 6.7) should be used (2) if only the forces a few members are desired, or (6) if the truss is not a simple truss and if the solution of simultaneous equations is to be avoided (for example, Fink truss). Students should be urged to draw a separate free-body diagram for each scetion used. The free body obtained should be emphasized by shading and the intersected members should be removed and replaced by the forces they exerted on the free body. It is shown that, through a judicious choice of equilibrium equations, the Loree in any given member can be obtained in most cases by solving a single equation. Section 6.8 is optional; it deals with the trusses obtained by combining several simple trusses and discusses the statical determinacy of such structures as well as the completeness of their constraints. Structures involving multiforce members are separated inio frames and machines. Frames are designed to support foads, while machines are designed (0 transmit and modify forces. It is shown that while some frames remain rigid afler they have been detached from their supports, others will collapse (See. 6.11). In the latter case, the equations obtained by considering the entire frame as a free body provide necessary but not suffieient conditions for the equilibrium of the frame. tt is then necessary to dismember the frame and to consider the equilibrium of its component parts in order to determine the reactions at the external supports. The same procedure is necessary with most machines in order to determine the output foree Q from the input, force P or inversely (See. 6.12). Students should be urged to sesolve a foree of unknown magnitude and direction into two components but to represent a force of known direction by a single unknown, namely its magnitude. While this rule may sometimes result in slightly more complicated arithmetic, it has the advantage of matching the numbers of equations and unknowns and thus makes it possible for students to know at any time during the computations what is known and what is yet to be determined. Chapter 7 Forces in Beams and Cables ‘This chapter_consisis. of five groups of sections, all of which are optional, The first three groups deal with forces in beams and the last two groups with forces in cables Most likely the instructor will not have time to cover the entire chapter and will have to choose between beams and cables. Section 7.2 defines the internal force member. While these foregs are limited to tension or compression in a straight wo-force member, they include a shearing foree and a bending couple in the case of multiforce members or curved two-foree members Problems in this section do not make use of sign conventions for shear and bending ‘moment and answers should specify which part of the member is used as the free body. In Sees. 7.3 through 7.5 the usual sign conventions are introduced and shear and bending-moment ciegrams are drawn, All problems in these sections should be solved by drawing the fiee-body diagrams of the various portions of the beams. ‘The relations among load, shear, and bending moment are introduced in See. 7.6, Problems in this section should be solved by evatuating areas under load and shear curves or by formal integration (asin Probs, 7.87 and 7.88). Some instructors may feel that the special methods used in this section detract from the unity achieved in the rest of the text through the use of the free-body diagram, and they may wish (o omit Sec, 7.6. Others will feel that the study of shear and bending- moment diagrams is incomplete without this section, and they will want te include it, The latter view is particularly justified when the course in statics is immediately followed by a course in mechanics of materials, Sections 7.7 through 7.9 are devoted to cables, first with concentrated loads and then with distributed loads. In both cases, the analysis is based on free-body diagrams. The differential-equation approach is considered in the last problems of this group (Vrobs. 7.124 through 7.126). Section 7.10 is devoted to catenaries and requires the use of hyperbolic functions, Chapter 8 Friction This chapter not only introduces the general topie of friction but also provides an opportunity for students to consolidate their knowledge of the methods of analysis presented in Chaps. 2, 3, 4, and 6. It is recommended that each course in statics include at least a portion of this chapter The first group of sections (Secs. 8.1 through 8.4) is devoted to the presentation of the laws of dry friction and to their application to various problems. ‘The different cases which can be encountered are illustrated — by diagrams in Figs, 8.2, 8.3, and 8.4, Particular phasis is placed on the fact that no relation exists between the fiction force and the normal force except when motion is impending or when motion is actually taking place. Following the general procedure outlined in Chap. 2, problems involving only three forces are solved by a foree triangle, while problems involving more than three forces ate solved by summing x and y components. In the first case the reaction of the surface of contact should be represented by the resultant Ref the friction foree and normal force, while in the second case it should be resolved into its components F and N. Special applications of fiction are considered in Secs. 8.5 through 8.10. They are divided into the following groups: wedges and screws (Secs. 8.5 and 8.6), axle and disk friction, rolling resistance (Sees, 8,7 through 8.9): belt friction (See. 8.10). The sections on axle and disk friction and on rolling resistance are not essential fo the understanding of the sest of the fext and thus may be omitted. Chapter 9 Distributed Forces Moments of Inertia The purpose of See. 9.2 is to give motivation to the study of moments of inertia of arcas. Two examples are considered: one deals with the pure bending ofa beam and the other with the hydrostatie forces exerted on a submerged circular gate, It is shown in each case that the solution of the problem reduces to the computation of the moment of inertia. of fan area. The other sections in the first assignment are devoted to the definition and the computation of rectangular moments of inertia, polar moments of inertia, and the corresponding radii of gyration. It is shown how the saine differential element can be used to determine the moment of inertia of an area about exch of the twe courdinate axes. Sections 9.6 and 9.7 introduce the pasallel- axis theorem and its application to the determination of moments of inertia of composite areas. Particular emphasis is placed ‘on the proper use of the parallel-axis theorem ¢ Sample Prob. 9.5), Sections 9.8 through are optional; they are devoted to products of inertia and to the determination of principal axes of inertia, Sections 9.11 through 9.18 deal with the moments of inertia of masses. Particular emphasis is placed on the momenis of inertia of thin plates (See, 9.13) and on the use of these plates as differential element the computation of moments of inert bodies gh 918 ed whenever the symmetrical three-dimensional (See, 9.14). Sections 9.16 thro are optional but should be ws following dynamics course motion of rigid bodies in three dimensions Sections 9.16 and 9.17 introduce the moment of inertia of a body with respect to an arbitrary axis as well as the concepts of mass products of inertia and principal axes of inertia, Section 9.18 discusses the determination of the principal axes and principal moments of inertia of a body of arbitrary shape. includes the ‘When solving many of the problems of Chap. 5, information on the specific weight of a mate- rial was generally required. This information was readily available in problems stated in U.S. customary units, while it had to be obtained from the density of the material in problems stated in St units (see the last paragraph of our discussion of Chap. 5). In Chap. 9, when SI units are used, the mass and ‘mass moment of inertia of a given body are respectively obtained in kg and kg - m’ directly from the dimensions of the body in meters and fiom its density in kg/m‘, However, if U.S. customary units are used, the density of the body must first be calculated from its specific weight or, alternatively, the weight of the body can be obtained from its dimensions and specific weight and then converted into the corresponding mass expressed in Ib + s7/ft (or slugs). The mass moment of inertia of the body is then obtained in Ib» ft- s°(or slug - f°). Sample Problem 9.12 provides an example of such a computation. Attention is also catled to the footnote on page of the 513 regarding the conversion of mass moments of inertie from ULS. customary units to SI units Chapter 10 Method of Virtual Work While this chapter is optional, the instructor should give serious consideration to its inclu- sion in the basic staties course. Indeed, students: who learn the method of virtual work in their first course in mechanics will remember it as a fundamental and natural principle. ‘They may, on the other hand, consider it as an aificial deview if its presentation is postponed vo a more advanced course. ‘The fisst group of sections (Sees. 10.2 through 10.5) is devoted to the derivation of the prin ple of virtual work and to its direct application to the solution of equilibrium problems. The second group of sections (Sees. 10.6 through 10.9) introduces the concept of potential energy and shows that equilibrium requires that the derivative of the potential energy be zero. Section 10.5 defines the mechanical efficiency of a machine and Sec. 10.9 discusses the stability of equilibrium. The first groups of problems in cach assign iment utilize the principle of virtual work as an alternative method for the computation of unknown forees. Subsequent problems call for the determination of positions of equilibrium, while other problems combine the conventional methods of statics with the method of virtual work to determine displacements (Probs. 10.55 through 10.58). TABLE [, LIST OF THE TOPICS COVERED IN FECTOR MECHAWICS FOR ENGINEERS: STATICS, ‘Suagevtod Nomber of Perege saauconat Abrloged Course tobe Seis 1 Basie Course ‘Tope tesa 8 Inaction todynanes 1. pemoDuCTION V1 This motel way be ase for the fs assignment 2. STATICN OF paRNELES 21-6 Adliton ot Reseaton of Ferses os ost 219 Recengular Comperant os ost 2o-11tapitiion ot Partch . 1 2id-l4 Fayeesin Space t 1 1S Chiu Spece t 1 5. RIGID BODIES: EQUIVALENT SYSTEMS OF FORCES AI-d Vector Peet erent a Porce abouts Paine ie S911 Seal trodank Monet of@ Fors abot aa ASS 42 AIPM Byuislea Systensef Feros 1s is FAIL shntiom a roach os 4. PQUILRIUN OP RIGID BODIES ‘S12 Etiam i Ta Dimsasions La 132 45 ecktenniete Rowton Paid Consents ost 467 Trortnd Thee Foee Boies 1 $9 julian brThns Dimensions 2 > 5. CENTROMS AND CENTERS OF GRAVITY 51-5 Centrids and Fire Moments of Arend 12 30-7 Canonds by ewation rey ~38-9 oun anal Subeyged Surtaess as Silo 12 Contrids of Vlunes 2 6. ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURES ‘ha Trusts by Bltted of Jos was 763 Jolmvueder Special Lading Comdias 2505 +06 Space russ ost 87 Troms by ies wr Seotone “68 Combinc Tsses 025-05 S81 Fanner 12 1. PORCES IN AFAMS AND CABLES. S712 cial orees wn Maver S253 Sheora Mosnen Diagram YF 876 Shearand Memon! Diagrams by 505.9 Cables with Concerted Lode Parbolis Cable Rt Tawsot Friction and Appts ha 1 SSG Wedpesar Sern i 185-0 Acleand Dst Fetus Rolling Resin 1 810 Dekrctisn 1 9, MOMENTS OF INERTIA D415 Memon of hao Areas H 369 Compass Arce ie £389 Palms oF Teen: Prewnul xen ry sole tach Cucle tC 211-15 Moments of hts at Mawes 2 S56 1H Mase Prodactscf tie Pinca! Ans nd Pinca 12 Memertser Inet Tet Pupeipleo Vrwal Back MS Mechanied Ethexney os) Ines Rotel Engg Sty i aesgnment schedule for 2 course ht arcs inclecing hs wainlmum amoure oF notary material n Stas gven table V. 6 reesrmncaded that a oreceanpee sai erase, such as the cae oie in Tables Mara IV of this, casein crcl ih chad the tty of micchonis of marin 1 ass noms of iin une wot ct ined inthe si tates couse since this mate! fle taught dynes. TABLE Il: CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEM Problem Namber® SLUnits US. Units Problem Description CHAPTER 2: STATICS OF PARTICLES BORCES INA PLANE Resultont of concurrent Forces 2a 22,3 sraphical method 228 25.6 law oF ines 29,10 Dae 2B 2d special problems 207,18 25.16 lanes of cosines and snes 219, 20 ‘Rectangular components of oree 222,93 sinple problems 225,30 sore advanced problems 231,38 Resultant by 2/= 0,26 =D 237,38 Danan ‘Select foros so that resultant has 2 given direction [Bquilioium, Feee-Body Diagram Danae ‘equllorium of 3 forces 2.49.50 callosum of 4 forces 2153, 34 2:38, 59 find parameter to setisky specified contivions 263, 64 2.67.68 special probleme FORCES INSPACE Reccangulr componenss ofa vee in space ana 275,76 tgiven 4, & and ¢ Find components and direction angles 73,74 27778 2.29.80 282 relations between components end direction angles 2133, 84 aN, a8 2.85, 86 Uirction of force defined by two paints omits bine of extion 289, 90 291,92 293,98 resulant of favo ote forces 2.95, 06 2.07, 08 Eyallibrian of patch in ypace 2.98, 100 2.108, 104 loud applied to ieee cables, itroluciory problems 2.101, 102 2.107, 108 2.105, 06 intermediate problems 24 12 29, 0 DUS. 116 203, 14 advanced problems 217 118 2.119, 120 + Problems which donot inva ay apocfe system of nits have Deen indicated by undesning their nomic ‘Ansers ie given to poblen vitva nuns in ale bre ABLE Il: CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Prubilem Nin Units 2.121, 122 roblens invelving cable dhrengh ring 223, 2e 2.125, 126 special prubleras 2.131, 132 22 128 Review problems 2135, 135 2120. 30 Danes BBR 14 Computer peablens CHAPTER 3, ICID BODIES, EQUIVALENT SYSTEMS OF FORCES Moment ofa foree shout a point: Two dimensions 35,6 ‘mroduetory problems 18 31213 Aivotion ofa force defined by two points on its ine oF ation “erivaion of Forma applicaticns ofthe weetor product ‘Moment of foe aout a point: Three dimensions computing M~ rx F, introductory problems computing M~ rx P, more inyelsed problems 327,28 329,30 using M te ind the perpendicular distance from a point ine 33139 3a Bas Scaler Product 337,38 Tinding the angle between two lines BAL sas Mixed triple prodact 347,48 Morneni ofa force about the coordinate anes 3.49, 56 355, 56 Moment ofa free about an eblique ais 357,58 3.64, 65 Finding the porpoadkcular digtance between two linge 93.66, °67 3.70,72 311,73 Couples in two dimensions an 376, 305.07 Cones in theee dimensions 379,30 3i8 33 4 381,82 Roplacing.a fixes by an equivslen Foree-couple system: two dimensions Siss.00 BAIS 389,90 Replacing a fores-cuuple system by an equivalent force oe Forces 3.91, 92 398,08 3.95, 95 Replacing a force by en equivalent Foree-couple system: three dimensions 3.97.98 3.99, 190 "Bays which do nt invove wy spec sya af ws have boa Twa wee ng a ‘nana hat given so prblene witha mane be fale Ope TABLE Il: CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Problem Numaber™ st units US. Units Froblem Deseription 3.108, 102 104 x foree-couple systems 3.103 Sor 8.105, 108 the sultan of parallel force: (xe dimensions sna 3.408, 109) ‘Fincing the zesultant andi line of action: Uwe dimensions 3.115, 16 3.110, 113 sus SUI 3.119, 120 3.121, 122, Redusing a three-dimensiona’ aystom of forces toa single lanee-couple system 3124 12s 3.128, 126 4127 128 3129, 130 Finding the resultant of parallel frees: three dimensions 3D Reducing threcslimensinal systems oF Fores or forces sad couples ta a wiench eas ss. 136 tiv of tench is parallel toa coordinate axis cr passes tncugh 2 sit force-couple system parallel 19 the voordiuate ses 93.139, 140 8.38 gener, three-dinensional ease ul ssa fpecial eases whee the wrench zednoes to single force 3.143, "148 3, 16 special, more advanced problems 3.147, 148) 3.149, 151 Review problems 3.150, 154 3.152.133 55s, 137 3.156, 158 scL.c4 3.€2,03 ‘Computer problems sO SJAPTER 4: EQUILIBRIUM OF RIGID BODIES EQUILIBRIUM IN TWO DIMENSIONS Parallel forces Parallel forces, al range of values f las satisfy mile criteria [Rigid bodies with one resetion of unknown direetion and ane of known dinectien ‘Rigid bodies with three rezetions of known direction Rigid bodies with couple i Find postion of righ body in equilfeiun Porch constraints, setieal indoterminasy © Probloms which do not involve any apecifi syste of unite have Dosa Indicated by wks lining heir namber ‘Anowers are not given fo probleme with a number set iw tale type, "TABLE Ik CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Problem Number SI.Units US. Units Problem Deseription ice-free bnkies 461,62 40.64 simple geometry, solution ef aright tangle required 466, 57 Simple geomet, ame includes a hvo-force mesnber 469,70 an14 move involved geometry 412,73 426,77 4.95.81 4.75, 72 4x2 480) 483,89 480,87 Find position of equilibrium: 4.85, 88 459,00 PQUILIBRIUM IN-THREE DIMENSIONS: 492,98 491,94 Rigid bodies with two hinges along a coordinate axis and 495,98 ‘1 adional reaction parallel another cooninate axis 49798 499, 100 Rip bodies supported by three vertical wires or by vertical reactions 4103, 102 4.103, 104 4106. 107 4.108, 108 Dertick and boom problems involving uuknow tension in two cables 4.109, 110 anni anita 17,118 Rigid bodive wien wo hinges along a coordinate exis end an editions Aus 16 reaction a parallel to @ coordinate axis 4119, 123 4.126, 121 Problems involving couples as part of the eaetien ata ange 4.123, 26 4.128, 124 ‘Acivanced problems 4.129, 30 427, 128 us 132 4155, 136, 4.133, 134 Problems involving taking moments about an oblique lin: passing Aide t# 437, ironghe toe sapports 49 4.442, 143 A144, 146 Review problems ANAS 1D 414? 1a 4150, 157 4152, 153 402,05 ees Caryputer prosions Ace act CHAPTER 5. DISTRIBUTED FORCES; CENTROIDS AND CENTERS OF GRAVITY Contoid ofan ara formed by combining 5,2 53.4 ‘wctangles and triangles 55.9 53.7 rectangles, wiengles, and potions octealararcas 5a 5.10, 12 S114 1, pontions of circular or elliptical areas, and ureas of analytical 5u3 is “iwctions sue su Derive expression fur location of cenmoid 519 sig Find ratio of dimensions so that eentoid is st a given point 520,25 321,22 First moment of an ore 52423 526,27 Conter of araty ofa wire Figure 529,30 528.31 Equilibrium of wire Tiguees 5323 Find dimension t0 maximize distance to centroid * Problems which do nor involve any speolfe system of units have been indicate by underlining Wrele nomen [Aneivers ate not given to preblems wi anniv een ali Gye TADLE IE: CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PRORLEMS (CONTINUD) Probom Nember* SLUnits "US. Units roblem Description Use intoayation to fin eeniroid of 534 sample areas 3a7 ‘areas obzained by combining shapes oF Fig 5.64 Sal ppavabotic area areas dsfined by diffecent intions ever the interval of interest Damogsneous wizes areas defined by exponential or cosine fianctions areas defined by alypesbols Find areas or volumes by Pappus - Guldines 552,53 roiae simple geometric Figures 5.56, 57 S3K61 598,60 peaciiea applications 5103, °65 558.64 Distributed load on beams 5.66 resultant of loading 569, 74 reactions supports 572 576,77 special problems oroes om submerge! surfaces 5.81, 84 resetioason danas or vertical gates sss 5.90, 98 reaetions on non-verteal gates 5.02 593 special applications (Centoits and centers of gravity of iree-imensional bodies 5.96, 99 597,98 ‘ampusite bodies fourned fom rwe commncn shapes 5.100, 101 5.103, 108 omposite bodies ferried fran thee or more element 5.002.105 5.100, 107 5.108, 108) composite bodies ferred from a materia of uniform thickness S110, 112 S115 composite bodies fermed from a wire or structural shape of wafer eroas section 5.118, 121 composite bodies made of two different materials nse integration to loente the centroid of | 52a 124 522 ‘sandard shapes: single integration 5.126127 525 bodies of revolution: single integration “4.128, “129 special applications: single integration special applications: double inegration 5.155, *13 bodies formed by curting x stands abape with an oblique plane: single integration © Problema whieh do not involve any spssiic system of units have Hen Indicatod by undedaing thelr mor Answers ate not given to problems witha mmbor set. in italic type. TABLE IE CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) robiom Number S1Units US. Units Problem Deseription 5.437, 139 5.138, 120, Review problems Sas ras Sat 142 5.147, 148 5.45, 146 5c2,c3 5c1,¢4 Computer problems: 55, C6 a Charen LYSIS OF STRUCTURES TRUSSES Method of joinis 64,3 624 simple problons 66,7 65.8 68,10 ene problems of avcrage difficulty 613, 14 615,16 6.19, 20 61718 ‘more advance problems 623,24 21,2 625,26 oar 628 629 ag tesignate simple nases 631,32 nd zero-force members 633 "636,997 76.35, 938 space tise $639, 40 6 42 Method of aesiens 0.49,.46 63.44 ‘wo ofthe members eut are paral] A748 6.49, 50 651, 2 nome of the members cut are parallel 653,54 637.58 635, 56 659, os 661,62 6.83, 64 Ketype trusses 6.05, 66 667, 68 ‘masses with counters 610,71 6.59, 22 ‘Clessity trosses seeotding to consciats 625 14 FRAMES AND MACHINES Analysis of Frames 6.15.76 oT ‘easy problems 68182 6.29, 89 683.84 6.37, 88 problems where intemal foroes are changed by repositioning a couple or by 6.85, 86 6.89) moving. force along is fine of action 630) replacement of pulleys by equivalent loadings 691,82 693,98 analysis of frames sapporting palleysor pipes 6.95, 95 analysis of highway vehicles Their amber > Protaras which do not involve any spell ayscra of units have heen indionid by unde ‘Answer are not piven ta problems with nernbor set in tlle type TABLE Il; CLASSI ICATION AND DESCRIPTION GF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Probiom Number” SLUnits US. Unite Problem Deseription 603,98 6.99, 100 salves of frnos consisting of mulion 6.101, 102, 6.108, 108 G08, 105, 6.107, 108 6.109, 110 problems involving the solution of siemltancous equations oath 12 6S, 16 oa 6a, 120 UZ. 8 unusual Moor systems Ga Anolis of Machines 6.124, 125 6.422, 123 togelertype machines 6.126, 127 6.128 6.128, 130 631, 192 machines involving cranks 6.133, 134 6.137, 138 6.135, 186 machines involving a cank with aeallar 6138, 140 oboe machines 6a, 4 64h 14a songs 6.146, 148 5 147 pliers, bolteutters pring shears 130 Find force to muintas position of toagle 6.151 154 garden shears, force in hyiaulic cylinder 6152, 153 6.155, 156 Jaye mechanical equipment 6.157, 189 6.159, 160 M6612 ss a universal joints set68 Special tongs 6.165, 166 6.169, 168 Review problems 62167, 170, 6.169.171 6.172, 174 6173, 115 6.02, 04 61.03 Compater problems 608 65 * Problems which Go nDEInVaIVS any apacille atoms of una have boon indict by widening thelr Huw ber Answers are aot given to problems wit a number set i italic type. TABLE Il: CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) rotiom Nomiber™ St Units US. Units Problem Deseript CHAPTER 7: FORCES IN BEAMS AND CABLES Tnemal forces in members 33,4 simple frames 736 728 ceurvel members 7314 TAS 15 Araames with pulleys or pipes Tink effect of supports breralng mowsent in circular cous duc to their own weight brAMs Star and banc moment diam using portens of beam as fra hd ies 729,40 probfeas invalving no unmiest values 738,36 ‘beams with concentrated loads 739,40 ‘beams with mixed loads 7344 beams resting on the ground 1408 149,50 beams subjected to forces and couples 75h. 758, 56 8 Find value of paromcter 1 minienize absolute value of beling wom Te 5.00.61 Soar and bonding moment diagram using relations among a) Vand AF 163,64 7.85, 66 problems involving no nuanercal values 163, 65 7469.70 2A problems invelving numerical vals 7 795, 26 17118 779,80 Fine! magnitude and locaton of maximum bending, moment 784 THN 82 TAL AS 7.85, 86 DDeteranine Panel Afby intogeating en wice 739,90 #791, 492 ind valuas of leads for which |f|__ 4s. sonal as possible CABLES Cables with concentrated loa 193,94 1.98, 96 vertical fonds 191,48 799,100 7108, 104 701, 102 horizontal una vertical tone 708, 106 Parabotfe eablex 3.107, 108 1109, 140 ‘upporis a che same elevation TIKI TAT 8 TIS, 16 supports a different elevations * Problems which Ge or involve any spaelfe System of unis have been Ineated by under ‘Anaywers are no given to problems with a number wot in ali type if her nue, TABLE tI: CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Problem Number= St Units US. Units Problem Description 7.19 ovive analogy between a boats and cable 7.120, 121 7.122, 123) tase malogy to solve previous problems onan "7125," 126 Derive oF use «vide! = WE) Ty Carenry 7.127, 129 7128, 130 ive length of cable and say or 7, ind Span of cable Bust 12 2133, 135 7.134, 135, iver span and long of cable, find sa andior weit 72139, 140 1137. 138 iver span, Tq. and vind sag 2.183, 144 7141, 142 sive To, af and s2 0 slope, find span or sug DS, 146 7.147, 148 7151, 4459 7.149, "150 special problems *7153 7.154, 155 1.156, 157 Review proilems 7.159, LoL 7158160 14, 165 102, 108 7E1,.c3 Computer problems CHAPTER &; FRICTION 83.4 812 For given loading, detenine whether block isi equiibinas al find frition Fosce B56 Ba 10 Fin minimum force vuired to stat, mains, prevent neti, Bro wii Analyze motion af several Macks Rune 515,16 Sliding anor tipping: of sid body 19,20 sis Problons involving wheels anc esinders 21,22 rablonss involving rods 526,28 Analguis of mechanisms with Fetion 529.32 820,31 833 836,37 84,35 Analysis of more advanced rot and ears probkans aie n39,40 42,43 Ralas Analysis of ystems with possibilty of lipguge Por varios loadings Rad 848,49 846,47 ‘Wesges, introductory probfoms 830, 31 ns2 853,54 855 857,60 8.56, 5 Weslges, more advanced problems 861 859,62 *R 64, °65 ao 86 867,68 Squsredirened screws 5.69, 70 872,73 81,74 * Problems which do not involve any apecific system of units have been indicated by wnderining their murnber. ‘Answers are net given to penolems with a number set in lic type. TABLE IE CLAS IFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Problem Number SI Units U.S. Units Problem Description 8.76, 77 75.47 Ake frction | O78 BRD ae R0, 93 585,86 sss, 90 387 S90, 2 300,95, [bik tition 8,08, 194 8.96, 9 197,98 Rolling resistance #100 ek fiction 4.102, 103, S101, 104 belt prssing over fixe deorn 105,100 8.107. 108, SGI transmission belts ond band brakes 109, 12 Sail sins 8.116, 07 878,119 snbvancedprblers 8122123, 4.120, 121 8126. 127 8.498, 125 8.130, 13 8.128, 120 erivations, V bolts As 138 Review problears 837, 138 8.140, 141 BCLS 802,65 Camputes problems CE CO 8c CUAPTER 2: DISTRIBUTED FORCES: MOMENTS OF INERTIA MOMENTS OF INERTIA OF AREAS Pind by direct integration ‘moments of inet ofa a 945, Lt 9.15.17 moments of nena and radi of gyration of a aoa 919, 9.20 921,28 polar moments of inertia and polar rai of gyration of an area 924.28 “929, Spal problenss Parallcais theorem applic to carposite teas to He 941,33 932, 44 ‘moment of inertia and rads of gyration 935,36 937,38 9.39, 0 cenisodal moment of inet, given For 941,42 8 aa controidal moments of inertia > Problems which do not involve any spells sien) of uns have be _Anewors are not givan 1 problems with a-numbor sot in tlie type lead by underline chek nue TABLE I: CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Probtem Namber* U.S. Units Problem Description A546 DAR 48 ‘cio polar moment oF ineatia [otoidal momneats of inentia of compessie ances consisting of rolled steel shapes 9.49, 51 950,42 symmetrical compas a oss 954,50 singly-symmetrical composite ares (fit Locate eantroid of ae} Connor of rossive 932 38 9.99, 9.50 for end panel of 8 00h 9.57,9.02 fora eubmnerged vertical gate oF cover 70.61 29.93 Used to ocate centroid ofa volume 9.65 "9.66 special problems Prodcts of inertia of acs found by 9.62.68 9.69, 20 sect integrtion ome 973 74 pralletistheacem 975,78 9.96,.77 ‘Using dhe equations defining the moments and products of inetia with respect te rotated 9x98 to ind 9.29, 80 9.8L, Jy fora given angle of rotation 9182, 84 vss 86 os, principal axes ond principal moments oP inertia 9188, 90 Using Mehr’ circle to find 9.93.95 ys dyo fy Horm given angle of rotation 9.99, 100) Principal aces end prineipal moments of imetia 9st, 102 9.108, 105 9.103, 1065 9.107, 108 9.409, 110 ‘Special problems MOMENTS OF INERTIA OF MASSES ‘Mass momen! oferta 9. Ua ‘oF Thin plates twienensions 9LIZ 18 920, oF sine geomeute pes by diret single imegration toad 4 9.128 and radius of gyration of composite botes 9.132, 138 specia! problems using the paralle-sis theorem 9.157, 138 ‘oF bodies formed of sheet metal or of thin plates: three-dimensions| 9.142, 143 ‘of machine elements and of bates formal of homnogenecs wire 9.146, 187 ‘Mas predlucts of ines 149, 150 9.451, 152 ‘of machi elemenss 358 15a ‘oF bodies formed of set metal or of hit plates >.155, 150 9.157, 159 ff bodies formed! oPhomoxencous wite 962 e161 Derivation and special problem * Problems which'de not involve any specific syste of waits have boen Indicated by undar lining thelr nummer. Answers arent given fo prublems with a numnber ee in Hale ype. TABLE CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Problem Namber= WS. Units Problem Description 9.165, 199, 9.108, 104 ‘Moss moment of inertia ofa body with respect 1 a ewe axis 9.1695 170 9.167, 168 SITAR 9.175, 136 lipid of inertia and special problems Ls. 3.82. “18 Principal mass moments of inertia and principal axes of incstin e981, 184 9188.1 9.187, 188 Review problems 9.136, 190 9.191, 192 9.195, 194 9.193 04 9.€3,.C5 9.c1,¢2 Computer problems 29.7, °08 SLE Co HAPTER 10; METHOD OF VIRIVAL WORK For linkages and simple machines. find 102.4 Force oF conple required for equilisrinm (linea relations emang disglaceanents) 105.6 face required for silibrium (rigancnttic celtions among displacements) a8 1018, ‘soup requived for equlfviwn (eigonemesi relations among dsplacemenis) 10.19, 20 1021, Tree or soup required for equilibrium Find postion of equitiorium 10.24,25 10.23,27 Tor numerical values of loads 1026, 28 10.29. 32 1030.31 linear springs included in mechanism 1033, 28 105,37 1035.38 1038, 40 torsional spring ineloded in recharisna 19434 10.91, 42 Problem rewiring the use ofthe law oF cosines 1043, 46 os, 30 toy, 48 Problems involving the eect of Bition 10si,32 Use mathod of vitual work co nd 10.83, 54 eaetions of beam 13s 10.36 internal forees in a mechanism 1057, 58 pavement ofa trus joint Potential energy msthod used to 1061.63 10.52. 60 solve probleans from See. 104 10.65, 66 10.82, 64 10.47 Tose establish that equilibsiam i neutral Find postion ofeuilibsium snd cterine ts silty for a systern inven: 1031.22 10.69, 70 sgearsand drums 10.73, 74 torsional sorings 10.97,79 10.75, 76 Hines springs = Free ich dnl apse mye fans aes ben ints by de We Niserwancnt echo pb wih a nuda set in italic typ, wi TABLE Ir CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPHION OF PROBLEMS (CONTINUED) Problem Numbor= st unite US. Units Problem Description 10.80, 82 10.78, 81 loan ss 10.85, 86 los, ag ‘avo applied forces determine stability oa known position oF equilibrium fr a eystem with Log2,93 10.89,90 ‘one degree of fieedom 10.94, 99 1091, 95 #1097, 298 =10.08, "100 favo degrees of ficekwn 0.104, 103 0.106, 110 loud 2 10.5, C6 re 10.101, 102 0.103, 107 10-108, 199 Wwor,ca Review problems Computer problems 7 Problems whieh do wor Involve any apesiiesyaiem of nits havo Boon iadiGated by urdedlining thew Humber Ansvers&f© not pivon to problems witha number eet in illic type. su vot oor ere alien ton eetes Biase, | See ae samgae poe om, res SOE J POA 55, on imanas iy aimee “1 V0" ‘amayesnenm coat teu is ens? series snotagusssatu so ayy wos NOOB TINT NSAID SASSY ON 20202 SEGA AY sRTMORE TET JO OL SASNY (12 ROIS S HaK GAN SHINS 380 SIST?OMMONOL HH UO HOWE NI SHON HL JO Moe ‘SOLLVIS NISSUNOD V HOE TTNGSHIS LNAWNOISSY ATES ‘STEVE ftong ame wun omen om Say sae one OBO eae oe song eto, sees ee essa ems we ae farm ace Site een cl sung senos ao 69 eee Mei9 Shree ey "29 ese aE seams rome Se Weer imoc opener em oma NS kelaecige sarong on 2 Soiteg on] anaes song eis meant ey ureeg gap woman eos degre sng jorge ness stag nae Sores eres savegame ssoig3e Tp DP eae eran) eer wsn asm soy [OOH THL 30-9VH FHL NI NSN HY SVETTEOA ASML JO TH OL SXBNSKY SUNT ABYINOLSD "S10 457 GNY SHINS 380 SST ONIMOTIO SHE 40 HOV NI SHETSOUA HHL 40 81 {16 PN 6 EB DLL 98 1ZFEEONNS JO eoKeEEa ln SOTZYS “BRITON HOY STINEHIGHY HOLT 30 (ENE 20 Oe SERUT RBH SOLVES NI ASUNOD V ¥OS TTGSHOS LNGNNDTSSY ENS sav SCAR ONY SOULNIS X1SSNOD GENIAHD ¥ BO STNGRHOS LNGANDISSY TARSAL pore | SOLUTION (a) Pazallelogram law: (Triangle rule: We measure: PROBLEM 2.1 ‘Two forces P and Q are applied as shown at Point 4 of e hook support. Knowing that P=75N and Q=125 N, determine graphically the magnitude and direction of their resultant using (a) the parallelogram law, (6) the triangle rule, RENON, a= 75.19 R=IPDN ISI PROPRIETARY MATERIAL sprue or cstrbuted i ‘Rerision ts teachers end ese Spon are sing whoa perm 6 2010 The McCaw-Hill Compass, he, AI rights wseral No pur of she anne! may be dpayed, For or by any eens, Vethout the pre atten permnvion ef te pusher. cr nel beyond the Ged irs poem Meta Hil for Ukr era ose preston If yom are user us ths Mave, PROBLEM 2.2 Two foroes P and Q are applied 4s shown at Point 4 of a hook support, Knowing that 60 Th and Q=25 Ib, detennine graphically the magnitude and direction of their resultant using (a) the parallelogram law, (b) the triangle rule, SOLUTION (a) Parallelogram law: () Triangle rte: We measure: R=T1Alb, a=85a° R=T1IIb > B54? PROPRIETARY MATERIAL, © 2010 The MeCEAW-HM Compass, ne Al vghtstoervel Ne part of tts Manual may be dipieee Poprcad on tstbuted bn en for ott ane ices ihe te rts: writen pornraiom of the pblisr, or ned beyond dhe Panta bintsoionc teacersond edvechrspormited ny Metis -Hilfor tr nds coe prepenetion. FYOW are snd es hy Mea ow ancora ition pornsion PROBLEM 2.3 The cable stays AB and AD help support pole AC. Knowing, that the tension is 120 Ih in 48 and 40 Ib in AD, deteraine graphically the magnitude and direction of the resultant of the forces exerted by the stays at 4 using (a) the parallelogram law, (0) the triangle rule. SOLUTION We measure: (a) Parallelogram law o We measure: R=139.11b > 67.0" PROPRIETARY SIATERIAL. © 2910 The MoGx3s-Lil Companies, Is. AIL ight sean. No pr of this bheve tay he ssphaye, eprosiced ae cow ud in any for 27 Oy ay daeens, Widout the pty tte povmtcton of he publisher et we! besund the Ped “stein wo tetera and educa peraded by Me Yow avon si poison PROBLEM 2.4 ‘Two forces are applied at Point # of beam AB, Determine graphically the magnitude and direction of their resultant using, (a) the parallelogram law, (B) the triangle rae. SOLUTION (a) Paralietogram law: () Triangle rule: SkN We measur R=33IOKN, @= 66.6" R=330kN SE 666" PROPRIETARY MATERIAL. © 2010 The MeCiy-til Companies, Inc AIL hts reserved. No par of this Mental may be ebiplared, Ipwouucerl or dtatbund edo oy ver acy wot te por eile peor of the pubs, a7 sed bayonet “Ghatbaron tues ankechacers permite by hase fortanwaadivabia course preparation fyvvare nuden wiy His Morte arena ion pov ote > PROBLEM 2.5 / ‘The 8044 force is to be resolved ino componenis along lines af and 6-6 Aw (a) Determine the angle vr by trigoncnetty knowing that the component " along line a-a” is to be 240 Ib. (6) What is the corresponding value of the / component along bt? f il SOLUTION (a) Using the triangle ule and law of'sines: fu /® sin 24015 ee inf =0.69989 ae 2+ 84.60" = 180" oF =180°~ 60° 43.854" = 76.146" a= Fi 300 b) Law of sings: gees a of since sin 76.146" — sin)" 36 Ib PROPRIETARY MATERIAL, © 2019 The McCran-lill Companies, has AID ihe useivel. opt of ts Minne ay be display, ryproicel on cietnted in any fora ot by ap meus, without the tie avers pericsion of the pits toe! hes the aed (Psretanion o teahers ond educa poral hy Metra: for the inde cowrse prepencteas vow are wetedent site this Maral. pom ore sing widen permis, PROBLEM 2.6 The 300-b force is to be retolved into components along Hines anu? and DY. (@) Determine the angle a by trigonometry knowing thot the component along line b-¥’ isto be 120 Jb. (8) What is the corresponding value of the component slong ad? SOLUTION Using the triangle rule and law of sines: @ sines __sin60” i201 30016 since =0.3464 1 = 29.268" a=200" 4 ® 3 B+ 60 =180" B= 180° ~ 60° 20.268" =99.732° aati ules ky a34tih sin99.732° sin 6 PROPRIETARY MATERIAL. © 2010 Ie Meio Companies tne. All hls teserved. No part ofthis Monel nay be esphaved Jeprodiced ov dsirbuied in ay for or by coy moans, wid the pur sien geen of the uber, ove beyond the lite Aisniburon te telat ettons permit by BG Hil fr fas inden course prparain. fou ane sabotage Meal, oe A ithow persion PROBLEM 2.7 Two forces are applied a8 shown (0 2 hook support. Knowing thet the tnagnituds of P is 35 N, dotermine by trigonometty (o) the required angle cif the resullant R of the bve forees applied io the support is to be horizontal, (6) the corresponding magnitude of R. SOLUTION Using the tiangle rule and Jaw of sines: singe _sin25° o SON 35N sin = 0.60374 arn 37138" a=ae 4 & ee B25 18° B= (809 —25°~37.138° =11786° _—R___35N_ eon2N sinl17.86 sin25° ae PROPRIETARY MATERIAL, © 2010 Ts MeGras-(ll Companies Ine. AN ahs eeseved. Mo part ofthis Mansel nia be dished, ymca co skirvned 9s Joon 9” ly a3 cane, win Tao poor sort permurstn of te sicher, on ed bevond dhe line darian we lecelosaad echenens pervtad by MeCinael / fr thew indvhdaa conse pspartion vou ance :redon wg ts Sete, omare nna iaibend pormitson PROBLEM 2.8 For the hook support of Problem 2.1, knowing that the magnitude of P is 75.N, determine by trigonometry (a) the required magnitude of the foree Q if the resultant R of the two foross applied at 4 is to be vertical, (b) the comtesponding, magnitude of R. PROBLEM 2.1 Two forces P and Q are applied as shown at Point 4 of a hook support. Knowing that P=75N and Q=125 N, deterovine graphically the pituike and direction of their resultant using (@) the parallelogram law, (2) the i i triangle rule. SOLUTION | 20° PetSN R 35° 2 Using the triangle rule and law of sines le O-4IN 4 | w -+20°+35° = 180" 180° 20° 35° =128° ISN R=1073N ‘sin35° 4 PROPRIETARY MATERIAL, © 2010 The MeGiow-AKl) Coaypaies, Ine. All ights scsrved. No port ofthis Mamuel may: dispose eprndued ot stb faa fr ot yay sen iat De pit sein pernener f the publissr,o° aed beyond the finned \Usvivaon techs electors permit hy SeCnsyetHl fo tht skal use preparsny yon are aside wing ihe Manta yume tng wham pers PROBLEM 2.9 A rolley that moves along a horizontal beam is acted upon by two forces as shown. (a) Knowing that c= 25°, determine by triganometty the magnitude of the foree P so thal the resultant force exerted on the trolley 1 vertical. (b) What is the corresponding magnitude of the resulta? SOLUTION | 3 Aeon . 1p m= 25° Using the triangle rule and the law of sines 1600N_ © sin25° sin 75° 3600N wo 25° f+ 75% = 180" B= two" —29°~75 =40" 1600N_ : 3BON sin 25° sin 80° PROPRIETARY MATERIAL. ¢ te McCraw Campaice, Ine. All ightsrserved No pur ofthis Mlavad nay be dpdeye, ‘reproduced o7 deaibutad un cnr for o7 by any tacans wlhout the pier sitter pasion of the puliher, or wed bey te ad {Ushio eet and ekeens parsed by HeCiee Hil fo tha ndvadual conovo propa lf ow aresshadt alg ts Sd “vor are sine whibout porns n PROBLEM 2.10 A tolley that moves along a horizontal beam is acted upon by two forces ‘as shawn. Determine by trigonometry the magnitude and direction of the {ovee P so thatthe resultant is a vertical foree of 2500 N. 1s 2500 SOLUTION Using the law of co P? = (1600 NY? + (2500 Ny? ~ 2(1 6610 NY(2500 N)eos 75? | P=2596N Using the law of sines: sing sins 1600 N~ 2596N e365" P is directed 90° ~ 36.5° or 53.5% below the horizontal. P= 2600 NS53.5° PROPRIETARY MATERUAL, © 2010 The MeGr-4il Companies, ie. AI rights reserved. No pot uf tis Monee! nay be dinphe Mependaced on doth in sox Jorn i by oem mete witht the poo seria penn 0 the pablo, op asd beyond the lane Udsetbutonte tector nl vests permite by Mencnet Il for fe obvious preparauion If en area udev Has Mann Doe aga thon persist PROBLEM 2.11 A steel tank is to be positioned in an excavation. Knowing that a= 20°, determine by trigonometry (a) the required magnitude of the force P if the resultant R of the twe faxces applied at A is 10 be vertical, (6) the corresponding magnitude of R, SOLUTION Using the triangle nule and the law of sines: ta) +50? +60" = 180° f= 180" 50° 50° 70° 425 Ib sin 70° P2392 Ib 46 I ao PROPRIBYARY MATERIAL. © 2010 the Mera Il Companies, (ns. I rights seared. Me et of this Mancina be dip hayed ‘reprouced o> denented co vs 08 by assays, wine the prior witonporminesna othe blesher on sed Bayon ee lnvibuton to wees and vdciorspernitte hy linen FH for te trPakdual couepripiraton Yfomanca shebang ht heen, tow are mini tibond permisreay 8 PROBLEM 2.12 A steel to be positioned in an excavation. Knowing that the magnitude of P is 500 1b, determine by trigonometry (c) the requited angle cif the resultant R of the two forces applied at A is to be vertical, 46) the comesponding magnitude of R SOLUTION & Using te triage rte and the law of sino w) (+30) 604 f= 180" (B= 180° (+30) - 60" =90°—e sin(00"— 2 _ sin oo" 225” 500% 90° = 4740" a=ne 4 o en Rasslib € SHOT IO) Hin PROPRIBTARY MATERIAL, © 2010 The MeCiaw-Illl Cosypaniey, Ine, AU rights sand. Ne par af fis Msval my be eoplewet feprdaed or distributed ica fort ot by any sats hoot Mo pr wton pevaneg of ke pbshe, oF set hey! Ye nese (Ghia teachers ant edhe perme hy Ne Cnn: Hil fr hr mer oon pepraon. senare a siden uty ds Manual you annoys wihow perussin, PROBLEM 2.13 For the hook support of Problem 2.7, determine by trigonometry (a) the magnitude and direction of the smallest force P for which the resuliant Rof the bvo forces applied to the support is horizontal, (#) the corresponding, magnitude of R. SOLUTION eon P & ‘The smallest force P (a) P=GON)s P=2L1N| € (8) R=(50 Nycos 25° Ra4S3N € PROPRIBTARY MATERIAL. © 2010 The MeCesw-HM Companics, In. A ight resend. No ea of tie Maal me be digas apneic on dusaed 0 ay fen 0 by any meen, wont the res wr permite of fie publisher. teed bevove he faved

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