The Strategy of Ecosystem Development Eugene P. Odum Science, New Series, Vol. 164, No. 3877 (Apr. 18, 1969), 262-270. Stable URL hitp:/flinks.jstor-org/sicisici=0036-8075% 28 196904 18%293%3A 164%3A3877%3C262%3 A TSOED%3E2.0,.CO%3B2-%23, Science is eurrently published by American Association for the Advancement of Science, Your use of the ISTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at hup:/www,jstororglabout/terms.hml. ISTOR’s Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at hutp:/wwwjstor.org/joumals/aaas hum. ch copy of any part of'a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the sereen or printed page of such transmission, ISTOR is an independent not-for-profit organization dedicated to creating and preserving a digital archive of scholarly journals. For more information regarding JSTOR, please contact support @ jstor.org. hupulwww jstor.org/ Wed Nov 2.22:06:20 20056B, L Thorndike, Ania Intetigence (Mac. ‘ills, New York Wl). 2. END, Advan, The! Phical Backeround of Perception (Oxlord ‘Unis. Pres Landen ian DUEL, Rab and H.W. Ades, Amer J Payoh. 99, 59190 St We Ronee i R.A. Baer, LT Diamond, set J. Newronhiek, 3 108 (1989) Rr moninan 23h » Bina Rotel Bis set, 10. Wares, Ane. Rex. Perchol. 16,95 ots 1. KS. Lasher, in Symposte of the Society for Exyerinentl Biotopy (Academie Pes, Now Yorn, 1950), tou 12 RE Loven bide Woh 4 15, G. Bie Sin, The Bvottion of Maw (Ox Tod Unies Press, London, 9202 CaF, Mere Fick, Brain ofthe Tier Salamander (Uni of Galego Pres ‘Clea, 188) 14.6 ™ Soductviy and’ Monat Cycing iy Netra Bcomstems. ThE. 'Youne, Ed. (Uni. of Maine Pres, Ozone, 1967), p. sl Poin ad AtaineEesier ‘York 196i) 9s K. BE Watt, Ecology ed Resource” Management (McGraw, Rew, Wont 6. 35, AC, Reid Amer Sciett 46, 208 (195). 36, R Aries, The ‘TeriorialImperave (Aine eum, Nei York, 1960) 31, G Herdin, Science 16, 128 (196), MLE PAu “Goverina Nan (Qua Jangle Hooks Ccage 1957, that higher intensities are signaled by hiigher frequencies of discharge of uni- form nerve impulses. In 1931, when C, H. Graham and 1 sought to apply to an optic nerve the technique developed by Adrian and Bronk for isolating a single fiber, we made a fortunate choice of experi- mental animal (3). The xiphosuran arachnoid, Limulus polyphemus, com- ‘monly called “Horseshoe crab,” abounds ‘on the eastern coast of North Amer jca (4). These “living fossils” have lateral compound eyes that are coarsely faceted and connected to the brain by Jong optic nerves. The optic nerve in the adults can be frayed into thin bundles which are easy to split ur just one active fiber remains. The rec- ords in Fig. 1 were obtained from such preparation. ‘The sensory structures in the eye of Limulus from which the optic nerve fibers arise are clusters of receptor cells, arranged radially around the den- dritic process of a bipolar neuron (ec- ‘centric cell) (5). Each cluster lies be- hind its corneal facet and crystalline cone, which give it its own, small visual field (Fig. 2). Each such ommatidium, though not as simple as I once thought, seems to act as a functional receptor unit, Restriction of the stimulating Tight to one facet elicits discharge in one file—the axon of the bipolar neuron SCIENCE, VOL. 166