MAJOR ASINGNMENT

PROCESS CAPABILITY

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 content

 INTRODUCTION
 WHY STUDY PROCESS CAPABILITY
 ABOUT PROCESS CAPABILITY
 POCESS CAPABILITY BY GRAPH
 PRINCIPLE OF PROCESS CAPABILITY
 METHODS OF PROCESS CAPABILITY
 REFERENCES
 THANKYOU SLIDE
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Introduction

Why study process capability

Process capability studies provide a baseline for us to how to
understand the process is operating relative to the
specifications.

It is the first, thorough look at how variability is affecting the

process, and gives us Metris for quantifying that variability.

Such studies also provide information regarding what the

process could do under best conditions, and thus give a
performance target to shoot for.

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 Process Capability

The main objectives of process management are to prevent the defects and
to minimize the variability in manufacturing process. To reduce the
variability it needs to establish the relationship between process variable
and product results.

Even though product meets the specification limits and the process is in
the state of control, the actions may be initiated to Quantify and further
reducing the process variability to gain marvelous advantages. The
statistical techniques can be used to quantify the variability of the
manufacturing process.

The Process capability analysis helps in quantifying the process variability

and assists Manufacturing by eliminating or greatly reducing the variability.

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 Process Capability by Graph:-

Process is capable:-

Process Capability

Nominal
value

Process distribution
Lower Upper
specification specification

20 25 30

Process is capable

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Process is not capable:-

Process Capability

Nominal
value

Process distribution
Lower Upper
specification specification

20 25 30

Process is not capable

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 Process Capability Ratio, Definition

Process Capability Ratio, Cp

Process capability ratio, Cp, is the tolerance width divided by 6 standard

deviations (process variability).

Upper specification - Lower specification

Cp =
6

Definition=> Process capability is inherent variation of the product turned out

by the process. Process capability provides the quantified prediction of the
process adequacy and refers to the uniformity of the process. It is a
measurement with respect to the precision of a manufacturing process.

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 Principle of Process Capability:-

· Predicting the extent of variability that process will

exhibit.

· Capability information helps designers to set realistic

specifications limits.

· Planning the interrelationship of sequential process.

· Selecting between the competing vendors.

· Reducing the variability of the manufacturing process

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Methods:-

1. Analytical method of measuring process capability:

The capability of a manufacturing process is measured

through process capability ratios. These ratios are evaluated
and tested with respect to the process centering. The
process capability ratios are tested with confidence
intervals. Hypothesis about the process capability ratio is
carried out to demonstrate whether process capability ratio,
Cp meets or exceeds the target value.

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2.Process Capability Ratios (PCR) and Equations:-

The assessment of process capability analysis is done through computations

of various process capability ratios. It is frequently convenient to have a
quantitative way to express process capability. One way to do so is through
the process capability ratio. This measures the ability of process to
manufacture product that meets specification.

Process capability ratio (pcr) = Cp = (USL – LSL)/6M

Where; USL = upper specification limit
LSL= lower specification limit
M = process standard deviation..

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Advantages / Dis-advantages of process capability:-

Advantages:-
1. It is used for big companies how made product.
2. It is used for big scale map of companies.
3.It is used for product is capable or not.
4. It is uses for product service are good or not.

Dis-advantages:-
1.It is used for big companies because of big companies are made product &
by this company check product is capable or not.

2.By, this company checks service & capability.

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 Control Charts
Two types of error are possible with control
charts
• A type I error occurs when a process is
thought to be out of control when in fact
it is not
• A type II error occurs when a process is
thought to be in control when it is
actually out of statistical control
These errors can be controlled by the choice
of control limits

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Conclusion

The results of process capability study of the given manufacturing process

reveal that, graphical values of parameters approaches very nearer to the
magnitude of the analytical values and hence graphical approach could be
treated as equivalent to analytical method.

Graphical approach can be used to study the variability of manufacturing

process. It is one of the tools to convey the results through which it is easy to
make inference on the data. The approach helps a worker in the shop floor
can make the assessment about the process parameters. Thus it also helps to
process management and identifies opportunities for improving quality and
operational performance.

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References

[1] P. D. Chow and K. L. Wang, ―A new AC technique for accurate

determination of channel charge and mobility in very thin gate MOSFETs,‖
IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, vol. ED-33, no. 9, pp. 1299–1304, Sep. 1986

[2] J. Koomen, ―Investigation of the MOST channel conductance in weak

inversion,‖ Solid State Electron., vol. 16, no. 7, pp. 801–810, 1973.

[3] Z. Ji, J. F. Zhang, W. Zhang, G. Groeseneken, L. Pantisano, S. De

Gendt, and M. M. Heyns, ―An assessment of the mobility degradation
induced by remote charge scattering,‖ Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 95, no. 26, pp.
263 502– 263 503, 2009.

[4] R. Chau, S. Datta, M. Doczy, B. Doyle, J. Kavalieros, and M. Metz,

―High-kappa/metal-gate stack and its MOSFET characteristics,‖ IEEE
Electron Device Lett., vol. 25, no. 6, pp. 408–410, Jun. 2004.

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