Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Aula 06 - Discurso Direto e Indireto. Voz Ativa e Voz Passiva.
Aula 06 - Discurso Direto e Indireto. Voz Ativa e Voz Passiva.
Hoje vamos finalizar o nosso curso de Inglês com a Aula 06 sobre Discurso
Direto e Indireto, Voz Ativa, Voz Passiva, Phrasal Verbs e Question Tags.
Como sempre, também resolveremos questões das bancas CETRO, VUNESP,
FCC e CESGRANRIO.
Sempre que surgir uma dúvida, não deixe de postá-la no fórum do curso.
Terei a maior satisfação em respondê-la!
Marina Marcondes.
Email: marinamarcondes@estrategiaconcursos.com.br
Periscope: @marinamarcondes15
Discurso direto:
Discurso indireto:
João disse que ele estava fazendo o trabalho dele naquela hora.
EU " ELE
João said: “I was playing with my João said that he had been playing
son.” with his son.
(João disse: Eu estava brincando com (João disse que ele havia estado
meu filho.) brincando com seu filho.)
Olivia said: “I have done my Olivia said that she had done her
homework.” homework.”
(Olivia disse: “Eu fiz o meu dever de (Olivia disse que ela havia feito o seu
casa.”) dever de casa.)
CAN COULD
Felipe said: “I can help you.” Felipe said that he could help me.
(Felipe disse: “Eu posso ajudar você.”) (Felipe disse que poderia me ajudar.)
MUST HAD TO
They said: “We must go to the They said that they had to go to the
meeting.” meeting.
(Eles disseram: “Nós temos que ir na (Eles disseram que eles tinham que ir
reunião.”) na reunião.)
MAY MIGHT
Laura said: “I may go shopping with Laura said that she might go shopping
you.” with me.
(Laura disse: “Eu posso ir às compras (Laura disse que poderia ir às compras
com você.”) comigo.)
was/were + particípio
was/were being +
particípio
will be + particípio
am/is/are going to be
+ particípio
A book is going to be
written by Maria.
(Um livro vai ser escrito
por Maria.)
Futuro com “be going Maria is going to write
to” a book. A book isn’t going to be
(Future with “be going (Maria vai escrever um written by Maria.
to”) livro.) (Um livro não vai ser
escrito por Maria.)
Is a book going to be
written by Maria?
(Um livro será escrito por
Maria?)
has/have been +
particípio
Presente Perfeito Maria has written a
(Present Perfect) book. A book has been
(Maria escreveu um written by Maria.
livro.) (Um livro tem sido escrito
por Maria.)
PHRASAL VERBS
- BACK UP = apoiar.
- BREAK EVEN = não ter lucro nem prejuízo; empatar (despesas = receitas).
- HANG UP = desligar.
- LOOK UP TO = admirar.
- POINT AT = apontar.
- SHORE UP = sustentar.
QUESTION TAGS
a) Veja, nos exemplos abaixo, que as expressões “have you?” e “wasn’t it?”
são “question tags” (= mini perguntas frequentemente colocadas ao final de
uma frase no inglês falado). Nas “question tags” utiliza-se um verbo auxiliar
(have/was/will etc). Usa-se do/does/did para o present simple e past simple.
Kate will be here soon, won’t she? (Kate estará aqui em breve, não estará?)
There was a lot of traffic, wasn’t there? (Tinha muito trânsito, não tinha?)
Joe should pass the exam, shouldn’t he? (Jou deve passar na prova, não deve?)
Kate won’t be late, will she? (Kate não vai se atrasar, vai?)
They don’t like us, do they? (Eles não gostam da gente, gostam?)
You haven’t eaten yet, have you? (Você ainda não comeu, comeu?)
You’re not going out today, are you? Yes. (= Yes, I am going out.)
Você não vai sair hoje, vai? Sim. (= Sim, eu vou sair.)
You’re not going out today, are you? No. (= No, I am not going out.)
Você não vai sair hoje, vai? Não. (= Não, eu não vou sair.)
Lisa’s very funny. She’s got a great sense of humour, hasn’t she?
(Lisa é muito engraçada. Ela tem um grande senso de humor, não tem?)
Yes, she has.
(Sim, ela tem.)
You haven’t seen Lisa today, have you? (= Have you by chance seen Lisa today?)
Você viu a Lisa hoje? (= Você por acaso viu a Lisa hoje?)
No, I haven’t.
(Não, eu não a vi.)
g) Pode ser empregada uma oração negativa + question tag afirmativa para
solicitar alguma coisa ou alguma informação, ou para pedir para alguém fazer
algo. O tom de voz aumenta no final de questions tags desse tipo:
Banca: CETRO
Ano: 2015
Poverty trap
Armadilha da pobreza
Unstable markets
Mercados instáveis
Food wastage
Desperdício de alimentos
Órgão: SP - URBANISMO
Banca: VUNESP
Ano: 2014
Banca: FCC
Ano: 2010
(Adapted from
http://www.pcworld.com/article/172602/windows_7_review.html)
(A) as.
como.
(B) yet.
contudo.
(C) while.
enquanto.
(D) therefore.
portanto.
(E) although.
embora.
!∀#∃% ∋(∀)∗( ∋(∀+#∗,−. !!!∀#∃%&∋%#()∋∗+,∗−&∃+∃∀∗+.∀/& ∋) #∃ ∀∀%
Inglês p/ Oficial PMDF
Prof a Marina Marcondes – Aula 06
Órgão: PETROBRÁS
Banca: CESGRANRIO
Ano: 2012
Text I
Texto I
by Jaime Kammerzell
From Rigzone Contributor. Tuesday, February 14, 2012
por Jaime Kammerzell
De Rigzone Contributor. Terça-feira, fevereiro 14, 2012
Although far fewer women work in the oil and gas (O&G)
industry compared to men, many women find rewarding careers
in the industry. Five women were asked the same questions
regarding their career choices in the oil and gas industry.
Embora muito menos mulheres trabalhem na indústria de
petróleo e gás (P&G) em comparação com os homens, muitas
mulheres encontram carreiras promissoras na indústria. Cinco
mulheres foram questionadas sobre as mesmas perguntas a
respeito de suas escolhas de carreira na indústria de petróleo e
gás.
Woman 4: I did not really choose the oil and gas industry as
much as it chose me.
Mulher 4: Eu realmente não escolhi a indústria de petróleo e
gás, tanto quanto ela me escolheu.
Question 2: How did you get your start in the oil and gas
industry?
Pergunta 2: Como você conseguiu o seu início na indústria de
petróleo e gás?
11
According to Text I, when asked about their choice of the oil and gas industry,
De acordo com o Texto I, quando perguntadas sobre sua escolha pela indústria
de petróleo e gás,
(A) all the interviewees pointed out the relevance of having a green job.
todas as entrevistadas destacaram a relevância de ter um emprego ecológico.
(B) all the women felt really committed to solving the nation’s energy problems.
todas as mulheres sentiram-se realmente comprometidas em resolver os
problemas de energia do país.
(C) all the interviewees mentioned that the challenges of the field attracted them.
todas as entrevistadas mencionaram que os desafios do setor as atraiu.
(D) just one of the women commented that she was attracted by the
location of the job.
apenas uma das mulheres comentou que foi atraída pela localização do
trabalho.
(E) no interviewee considered the salary an importante factor for accepting the
job.
18
The main purpose of Text II is to
O principal objetivo do Texto II é
(A) teach prospective workers how to prepare cover letters to impress employers.
ensinar os trabalhadores potenciais como preparar cartas de apresentação
para impressionar os empregadores.
(B) advise the readers about the importance of researching for open jobs in
institutional websites.
aconselhar os leitores sobre a importância de pesquisar por vagas abertas em
sites institucionais.
!∀#∃% ∋(∀)∗( ∋(∀+#∗,−. !!!∀#∃%&∋%#()∋∗+,∗−&∃+∃∀∗+.∀/& +( #∃ ∀∀%
Inglês p/ Oficial PMDF
Prof a Marina Marcondes – Aula 06
PROVAS ANTERIORES
Banca: CETRO
Ano: 2015
Poverty trap
Unstable markets
Food wastage
(C) droughts.
16. Choose the alternative that presents what valuable natural resource is
affected by agricultural activities, according to the text.
(A) Droughts.
(B) Water.
(D) Waste.
(E) Prices.
17. Choose the alternative in which the word is from the same category of the
word “consistently”.
(A) Slowly.
(B) Inconsistent.
(C) Frequency.
(D) Incompatible.
(E) Systematic.
18. Choose the alternative that presents a possible correct interrogative form of
the sentence below.
“In recent years, the price of food products has been very
unstable.”
(A) Does the price of food products has been very unstable in recent years?
(B) Is the price of food products has been very unstable in recent years?
(C) In recent years, did the price of food products has been very unstable?
(D) In recent years, has the price of food products been very unstable?
(E) Have the price of food, in recent years, been very unstable?
19. Choose the alternative that presents the phrasal verb that, once conjugated,
can properly replace “on the retreat” in the sentence below.
20. Choose the alternative that presents the present progressive form of the
sentence below.
(A) Deforestation by human hands accelerated the erosion of land which could be
used for growing food.
(B) Deforestation by human hands didn’t accelerate the erosion of land which
could be used for growing food.
(C) Deforestation by human hands is accelerating the erosion of land which could
be used for growing food.
(D) Deforestation by human hands has accelerated the erosion of land which
could be used for growing food.
(E) Deforestation by human hands was accelerated the erosion of land which
could be used for growing food.
Órgão: SP - URBANISMO
Banca: VUNESP
Ano: 2014
O seguinte texto deve ser utilizado para responder à questão de número 58.
(A) falta.
(B) presença.
(C) mudança.
(D) constância.
(E) alternância.
Banca: FCC
Ano: 2010
(A) as.
(B) yet.
(C) while.
(D) therefore.
(E) although.
(A) May.
(B) Will.
(C) Must.
(D) Could.
(E) Should.
(A) to take.
(B) to spend.
(C) to waste.
(D) to pass.
(E) to save.
16. De acordo com o texto, qual das afirmações abaixo NÃO é verdadeira em
relação ao Windows 7?
(B) esperar algumas semanas até a maioria dos problemas serem sanados.
(A) up.
(B) over.
(C) below.
(D) across.
(E) behind.
(B) a demanda por cursos de Sistemas de Informação tem diminuído por não
contemplarem os avanços da telefonia móvel.
(B) boa parte dos cursos de Sistemas de Informação passou por uma reforma
curricular para se adequar aos avanços tecnológicos da informática.
(C) a maioria dos empregadores está satisfeita com a formação tecnológica dos
empregados com diploma em Sistemas de Informação.
Órgão: PETROBRÁS
Banca: CESGRANRIO
Ano: 2012
Text I
by Jaime Kammerzell
From Rigzone Contributor. Tuesday, February 14, 2012
Although far fewer women work in the oil and gas (O&G)
industry compared to men, many women find rewarding careers
in the industry. Five women were asked the same questions
regarding their career choices in the oil and gas industry.
Woman 4: I did not really choose the oil and gas industry as
much as it chose me.
Question 2: How did you get your start in the oil and gas
industry?
11
According to Text I, when asked about their choice of the oil and gas industry,
(A) all the interviewees pointed out the relevance of having a green job.
(B) all the women felt really committed to solving the nation’s energy problems.
(C) all the interviewees mentioned that the challenges of the field attracted them.
(D) just one of the women commented that she was attracted by the location of
the job.
(E) no interviewee considered the salary an importante factor for accepting the
job.
12
In Text I, using the interviewees’ experience, it can be said that getting a job in
the O&G industry can result from all the following situations, EXCEPT
(D) attending a university where major oil companies look for prospective
employees.
13
In Text I, according to the answers to the third question in the interview,
(A) Woman 1 implies that every day is the same for her, since she performs
exactly the same tasks routinely.
(B) Woman 2 complains against her very boring schedule at the office, dealing
with strictly technical issues.
(C) Woman 3 always works off hours and does not get involved with the
operations in the field.
(D) Woman 4 has negotiations with the international branches and gets involved
in commercial and technical issues.
(E) Woman 5 does not need to worry about preparing written materials nor
deciding on last-minute technical issues at nights or on weekends.
14
Based on the meanings of the words in Text I,
15
The sentence, in Text I, in which the boldfaced expression introduces an idea of
addition is
(A) “Although far fewer women work in the oil and gas (O&G) industry compared
to men, many women find rewarding careers in the industry.” (lines 1-3)
(B) “I chose the oil and gas industry because of the challenging projects,” (lines
13-14)
(C) “Even though my Master’s thesis was more geared toward environmental
studies,” (lines 26-27)
(E) “but there are times when I get calls at night or on weekends from a rig or
other geologists for assistance with a technical problem.” (lines 80-82)
16
In Text I, the expression “turn down” in “I couldn’t turn down the great
starting salary and a chance to live in New Orleans” (lines 9-10) could be
replaced, without change in meaning, by
(A) refuse
(B) take
(C) accept
(D) request
(E) understand
17
The only fragment from Text I that presents a series of actions exclusively
performed in the past is
(A) “I chose the oil and gas industry because of the challenging projects, and I
want to be part of our country’s energy solution.” (lines 13-15)
(B) “I held that position for three years. I left that company to join a new startup
company where I hold the position of president.” (lines 40-42)
(C) “My first job in the oil and gas industry was an internship with Mobil Oil Corp.,
in New Orleans. I worked with a lot of smart, focused and talented geoscientists
and engineers.” (lines 43-46)
(D) “At the office, I am involved in the daily business operations and also stay
closely involved in the projects and the sales efforts.” (lines 68-70)
Text II
By Katie Weir
From Talent Acquisition Specialist, Campus
Talisman Energy
18
The main purpose of Text II is to
(A) teach prospective workers how to prepare cover letters to impress employers.
(B) advise the readers about the importance of researching for open jobs in
institutional websites.
(C) criticize job candidates who are excessively confidente and feel that the world
owes them something.
(E) list relevant hints for those interested in entering the job market and building
a successful professional life.
19
The fragment that closes Text II, “be aware that you will need to roll up your
sleeves and work hard for the first couple years, and you will be rewarded in the
end.” (lines 21-23), implies that one must
(A) make an effort to commit totally to one’s job in the initial phase, in order to
reach success in the future.
(B) wear formal clothes to work so that, as years go by, a couple of top-rank
officers can recognize one’s worth.
(C) accept jobs with severe routines only in order to obtain early promotions.
(D) avoid postponing assigned tasks and wearing inappropriate clothes in the
working environment.
(E) show commitment to the working routine and demand the rewards frequently
offered to senior employees.
20
Concerning Texts I and II, it is possible to affirm that
(A) neither text points out ways to get rewarding jobs in the O&G industry.
(B) both texts discuss strategies to ask for promotion in the O&G industry.
(C) both texts present ways of starting successful careers in the O&G industry.
(D) only Text I encourages prospective employees of O&G industries to plan their
careers in advance.
(E) only Text II provides hints on how to give up highly-paid jobs in the O&G
industry.