BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN COMPUTER SCIENCE

course: BSC 402: MOBILE PROGRAMMING TECHNOLOGIES

 Course Evaluation
Continuous Assessment – 40%
•Assignment – 10%
•Quizes – 10%
•Test 1 and 2 – 20%

Final Exam – 60%

 AIM: Develop Mobile Applications
• We should be able to:

1. Explain Mobile computing and Applications

2. Describe the Intends and Services
3. Explain how to store and Retrieving Data
4. Understand communications Via Network and Web
5. Understand Telephony , Notifications and Alarms
6. Understand the principles of graphics, Multimedia and
Locations
7. Demonstrate the ability to package and Deploy an
application
8. Understand the security and Hacking Issues
9. Understand the Platform and other Issues
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• UNIT 1: MOBILE COMPUTING AND APPLICATIONS

Mobile Computing
Android Development Environment
Factors in developing mobile applications
Mobile Software engineering
Frameworks and Tools
Generics UI Development
Android User
More on UIS
VUIs and Mobile Apps
Text to Speech Techniques
Designing the right UI
Multichannel and Multimodial UIs

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• MOBILE COMPUTING
What is Mobile Computing?
• The term "Mobile computing" is used to describe the use
of computing devices, which usually interact with a
central information system—while not stationed at a
fixed workplace.
• enable people to access network services anyplace,
anytime, and anywhere,
• Gives continuous access to the wireless network services
and the flexible communication between the people.
Examples wireless network technologies :
WLAN, Wi-Fi, GSM, CDMA, Wimax or GPRS.
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• MOBILE COMPUTING devices
• Mobile computing devices refers to a variety of
devices that allow people to access data and
information from where ever they are, whether
they are constantly moving or standing.
– Cell phone
– PDA - Personal digital assistant.
– Smartphone.
– Tablet computer.
– Smartwatch.
– Bluetooth headset

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Components Of Mobile Computing
Mobile computing is accomplished using a
combination of:
(a) Computer hardware;
(b) System and applications software; and
(c) Some form of communications medium.

Powerful mobile solutions have recently become possible

because of the availability of: (a) Extremely powerful and
small computing devices; (b) Specialized software; and (c)
Improved telecommunications.

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 Aspects of Mobile Computing
• We can define a computing environment as mobile if it
supports one or more of the following characteristics:
• User Mobility:
– User should be able to move from one physical location to
another location and use the same service.
– The service could be in the home network or a remote network.
– Example could be a user moves from Livingstone to Lusaka and
uses Internet to access the corporate application the same way
the user uses in the home office.
 Aspects of Mobile Computing Cont.

• Network Mobility:
– User should be able to move from one network to
another network and use the same service.
– Example could be a user moves from Harare to
Lilongwe and uses the same GSM phone to access the
corporate application through WAP (Wireless
Application Protocol). In home network he uses this
service over GPRS (General Packet Radio Service)
whereas in Harare he accesses it over the GSM
network.
 Aspects of Mobile Computing Cont.
• Bearer Mobility:
– User should be able to move from one bearer to
another and use the same service.
– Example could be a user was using a service through
WAP bearer in his home network in Bangalore. He
moves to Coimbatore, where WAP is not supported, he
switch over to voice or SMS(Short Message Service)
bearer to access the same application.
 Aspects of Mobile Computing Cont.
• Device Mobility:
– User should be able to move from one device to
another and use the same service.
– Example could be sales representatives using their
desktop computer in home office. During the day while
they are on the street they would like to use their
Palmtop to access the application.
 Aspects of Mobile Computing Cont.
• Session Mobility:
– A user session should be able to move from one user-agent
environment to another.
– Example could be a user was using his service through a CDMA
(Code Division Multiple Access) IX network. The user entered
into the basement to park the car and got disconnected from
his CDMA network. User goes to home office and starts using
the desktop. The unfinished session in the CDMA device moves
from the mobile device to the desktop computer.
 Aspects of Mobile Computing Cont.
• Service Mobility:
– User should be able to move from one service to
another.
– Example could be a user is writing a mail. To complete
the mail user needs to refer to some other
information. In a desktop PC, user simply opens
another service (browser) and moves between them
using the task bar. User should be able to switch
amongst services in small footprint wireless devices
like in the desktop.
 Logical Functions of Mobile Computing
• The mobile computing functions can be logically
divided into following major segments:
1. User with device:
• The user device, this could be a fixed device like desktop
computer in office or a portable device like mobile phone.
• Example: laptop computers, desktop computers, fixed
telephone, mobile phones, digital TV with set-top box,
palmtop computers, pocket PCs, two way pagers, handheld
terminals, etc.
Logical Functions of Mobile Computing
2. Network:
• Whenever a user is mobile, he will be using different
networks at different places at different time.
• Example: GSM, CDMA, iMode, Ethernet, Wireless
LAN, Bluetooth etc.
 Logical Functions of Mobile Computing

3. Gateway:
• This is required to interface different transport bearers.
• These gateways convert one specific transport bearer to
another transport bearer.
• Example: From a fixed phone (with voice interface) we
access a service by pressing different keys on the telephone.
These keys generate DTMF (Dual Tone Multi Frequency)
signals.
• These analog signals are converted into digital data by the
IVR (Interactive Voice Response) gateway to interface with a
computer application.
• Other examples will be WAP gateway, SMS gateway etc.
 Challenges of Mobile Computing
• Mobility means changes
• Hardware
– Lighter, smaller, energy management, user interface
• Low bandwidth, high bandwidth variability
– Kbit/s to Mbit/s, bandwidth fluctuation
• Security risk
– Devices more vulnerable, endpoint authentication harder
• Heterogeneous network
– Different devices, interfaces and protocols
• Location awareness
– Locality adaptation
• Higher loss-rates, higher delays, more jitter
– Connection setup time, hand-off
• Restrictive regulations of frequencies
– Frequencies have to be coordinated