*Ï`«Hõ <å_ô xkè

"≥Ú^Œ\˜ ÉèÏQÆ=Ú
(ÅQÆfl=Ú, ~åt, ѨÙ\˜ì# ã¨=∞Ü«∞=Ú, ^Œâß Éèí∞‰õΩÎÅ∞ "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞"å\˜`À ã¨O|O^èŒO
ÖˉõΩO_® *Ï`«Hõ K«„HõO q=iOK«∞@) Éèí$QÆ∞ Ѩ^ŒúuÖ’

-1-
 JOH˜`«O

D ѨÙã¨ÎHõ=Ú <å [#h#‰õΩʼnõΩ =∞iÜ«Ú <å „Ñ¨^äŒ=∞ QÆ∞~°∞=ÙʼnõΩ

N=∞u Hõ$+¨‚"Õ}=∞‡ =∞iÜ«Ú "≥∞O\Ï ã¨∞„|Ǩχ}ºOQÍ~°∞ʼnõΩ.

-2-
 `˘e=∂@
<Õ#∞ XHõ ™ê=∂#º =∂#=Ù_çx <å‰õΩ 20 ã¨O=`«û~°=ÚÅ =~°‰õΩ JO^Œ~°∞ =∂#=ÙÅ∞ =ÖË <å QÆ∞iOz
<Õ#∞ `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ"åÅh l*Ï˝ã¨ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ LO_Õk. JO^Œ∞‰õΩ ZO`À =∞Ok q∞„`«∞Å#∞, ѨO_ç`«∞Å#∞, ™êfi=ÚÅ#∞
<å *Ï`«HõO `≥Å∞ã¨∞H˘#∞@‰õΩ ã¨O„ѨkOKÕ"å_çx. "å~°∞ ^•xH˜ `«QÆ∞ q^èŒ=ÚQÍ ã¨=∂^è•#=Ú WKÕÛ"å~°∞. XHõ¯~°∞
K≥Ñ≤Ê# Ѩ^ŒúuH˜ =∞~˘Hõ~°∞ K≥Ñ≤Ê# Ѩ^Œ÷uH˜ <å *Ï`«HõO QÆ∞iOz Ѷ¨e`« x~åú~°}Ö’ H˘O`« ÉèË^ŒO Hõ#Ѩ_Õk. JѨC_»∞
=∂ `«O„_çQÍix ã¨O„ѨkOK«QÍ "å~°∞ K≥Ñ≤Ê# q+¨Ü«∞O Uq∞\˜ JO>Ë =∞#k QÆ`« 7 `«~åÅ∞ #∞Oz *’ºu+¨μºÅ
=Oâ◊=Ú. HÍ=Ù# h=Ù *’ºu+¨OÖ’ „áê^äŒq∞Hõ JOâßÅ∞ <Õ~°∞Û‰õΩO>Ë h=Ù ã¨O„ѨkOz# *’ºu+¨μºÅ∞ ZO`«
=∂„`«O x[O K≥ѨÙÎ<åfl~°∞ Jx K≥Ñ≤Ê h‰õΩ #∞"Õfi „QÆÇ≤ÏOK«=K«∞Û. D q^èŒOQÍ <å *’ºu+¨ºO Ü≥ÚHõ¯ „Ѩ™êÎ=# 20=
ã¨O=`«û~°=ÚÖ’<Õ "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ·#flk. J^Õ ã¨O=`«û~°OÖ’ <å `«O„_çQÍ~°∞ `«#‰õΩ `≥eã≤# „áê^äŒq∞Hõ JOâßÅ#∞ <å‰õΩ
<ÕiÊOKå~°∞. JO`ÕHÍHõ D „áê^äŒq∞Hõ JOâßÅ∞ h=Ù K≥ѨÙÎ#flk x["≥∂ HÍ^À `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ"åÅO>Ë =∂Ô~¯\òÖ’
H˘O`« =∞Ok xëê‚`«∞Öˇ·# "å~°∞ ~åã≤# ѨÙã¨ÎHõO ^˘~°Hõ`åÜ«∂x "å\˜ ^•fi~å =∞i H˘O`« q+¨Ü«∂Å∞
`≥Å∞ã¨∞H˘#|_»∞#∞ Jx K≥Ñ≤Ê<å~°∞. <Õ#∞ <å 20 = ã¨O=`«û~°OÖ’ <≥Å∂¡~°∞ lÖÏ¡Ö’x QÆ∂_»∂~°∞ =∞O_»ÅOÖ’
LO_Õ"å_çx. JO^Œ∞Ö’ 1,2 ѨÙã¨ÎHÍÅ∞ =∂„`«"Õ∞ LO_Õq. P ѨÙã¨ÎHõ=ÚÅ∞ <Õ#∞ K«kq JO^Œ∞Ö’ z=~° ѨÙã¨ÎHõ=Ú
Ü≥ÚHõ¯ „ѨK«∞~°}Hõ~°Î z~°∞<å=∂#∞ K«∂ã≤ "≥o§ Hõe™ê#∞. JO^Œ∞‰õΩ PÜ«∞# K≥Ñ≤Ê# q+¨Ü«∞O Uq∞\˜ JO>Ë h‰õΩ
*’ºu+¨ºO <Õ~°∞ÛHÀ"åÅ<Õ Ñ¨@∞ì^ŒÅ =∞iÜ«Ú l*Ï˝ã¨ L#flk. D ~ÀAÖ’ *’ºu+¨ºO Z=~°∞ <ÕiÊOK«~°∞. HÍh
Ü«¸x=iû\©Ö’ nxH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz Ñ≤.l. q^Œº L#flk. #∞=Ùfi W^Õ l*Ï˝ã¨`À "≥o§ JHõ¯_» P q^Œº P=ÅOaOz
JO^Œ∞Ö’ xëê‚`«∞Å==∞x Jj~°fikOK≥#∞. <Õ#∞ PÜ«∞# K≥Ñ≤Ê# q^èŒOQÍ PO„^茄Ѩ^ÕâòÖ’x `≥Å∞QÆ∞
qâ◊fiq^•ºÅÜ«∞OÖ’ Ü«∞O.Z. (P„™êìÅl) ѨÓiÎ KÕ™ê#∞. JHõ¯_» ѨO_ç`«∞Å ^•fi~å ѨÙã¨ÎHõOÖ’ ÖËx q+¨Ü«∞Å∞
‰õÄ_» H˘xfl `≥Å∞ã¨∞‰õΩ<åfl#∞. <å 23= ã¨O=`«û~°O #∞Oz Ѩ~åâ◊~° =∞ǨÏi¬ „"åã≤# "≥·kHõ *’ºu+¨O =Ú#∞ <å‰õΩ
L#fl q*Ï˝#O`À JO^ŒiH˜ ѨOKÕ"å_çx. HÍh D Ѩ~åâ◊~° *’ºu+¨O =Å# XHõ =∞x+≤ [##O, `Õk, ã¨=∞Ü«∞O
LO>Ë<Õ =∞x+≤ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ *’ºu+¨ºO ѨiѨÓ~°‚OQÍ `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ=K«∞Û.
ÃÑ· K≥ѨÊ|_ç# q=~åÅ∞ Uq ÖË#ѨC_»∞ „ѨâßflÅQÆflO ^•fi~å =∞#O `≥Å∞ã¨∞‰õΩ<Õ J=HÍâ◊O L#flk. HÍh
Ѷe¨ `« x~åú~}° Ö’ D „ѨâßflÅQÆfl=Ú q[Ü«∞O ™êkèOK«Ö^Ë ∞Œ Jx K≥Ñʨ =K«∞Û. „ѨâßflÅQÆflO g∞^Œ Ѩ@∞ìÖHË õ Ѷe¨ `«=ÚÅ∞
~å|@∞ì@ ˆH=ÅO <å Ü≥ÚHõ¯ ֒Ѩ"Õ∞ „QÆO^äŒ Hõ~°ÎÅ∞ HÍ^Œ∞ Jx =∞#q. D q^èŒOQÍ <Õ#∞ Ѩiâ’kèOKÕ@ѨC_»∞
<å‰õΩ P~ü.l. ~å=Ù QÍ~°∞ ~åã≤# Éèí$QÆ∞<å_çH˜ ã¨O|OkOz# qâıëêÅ∞ PÜ«∞# ѨÙã¨ÎHõOÖ’ <Õ#∞ K«∂_»_»O
[iyOk. P~ÀA #∞Oz D ~ÀA ^•HÍ Éèí$QÆ∞<å_çH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# qâıëêÅ∞ `≥Å∞ã¨∞‰õΩO@∂ LO\Ï#∞.
`≥Å∞ã¨∞‰õΩ#flq „Ѩu XHõ¯iH˜ ѨOK«∞`å#∞. D „Ѩܫ∞`åflxH˜ <Õ#∞ x`«ºO P~åkèOKÕ N~å[~å*Ëâ◊fii ^Õq Jxfl
q^èŒ=ÚÅ∞QÍ JO_»QÍ LO_ç <å „Ñ¨Ü«∞`«fl=Ú#∞ ã¨Ñ¶¨bHõ$`«O KÕã¨∞ÎO^Œ<Õ ÉèÏqã¨∞Î<åfl#∞.

~°K«~Ú`« : Ü«∞O.q.Ü«∞ãπ. J[Üü∞‰õΩ=∂~ü

Ü«∞O.Z. J„™êìÅl =∞iÜ«Ú <åºÜ«∞"åk

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âßGq*Ï˝#O H˘~°‰õΩ Pi÷Hõ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞O JO^Œ*Ëã≤# Pf‡Ü«ÚÅ∞

-4-
 q+¨Ü«∞ ã¨∂zHõ
1. Éèí$QÆ∞<å_ç QÆ∞iOz ѨiK«Ü«∞O
2. 27 #HõΔ„`«=ÚÅ∞ ( `å~å|Å=Ú K«∂K«∞H˘#∞@‰õΩ)
3. 27 #HõΔ„`«=ÚÅ∞ (12 ~åâ◊√ʼnõΩ ã¨O|O^èŒ=Ú)
4. ^•fi^Œâ◊ ~åâ◊√Å∞ – JOQÆ=ÚÅ∞
5. K«~°, ã≤÷~°, kfiã¨fiÉèÏ= ~åâ◊√Å∞
6. „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ - ã¨fiˆHΔ„`«=Ú
7. #=„QÆǨÏ=ÚʼnõΩ – LK«Ûù, hK«
8. #=„QÆǨÏ=ÚʼnõΩ – =¸Å„uHÀ}=ÚÅ∞
9. #=„QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ – ^Œ$+¨μìÅ∞
10. #=„QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ – =~°‚=ÚÅ∞
11. #=„QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ – QÆ∞}=ÚÅ∞
12. #=„QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ – ~°OQÆ∞Å∞
13. #=„QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ – k‰õΩ¯Å∞ →
14. „QÆǨÏÜ«Ú^ŒúO
15. „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ – =„Hõ`«fiO
16. ѨOK«=∞ǨѨÙ~°∞+¨Ü≥∂QÆ=ÚÅ∞ , ~°∞zHõ Ü≥∂QÆ=Ú
17. ^•fi^Œâ◊ÉèÏ"åÅ #∞O_ç `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ^ŒQÆæ q+¨Ü«∂Å∞ q∞ye# q=~åÅ∞ ѨijeOK«O_ç.
→ "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ ÉèÏ==Ú ã¨Ñ¨Î=∞ ÉèÏ==Ú
kfifÜ«∞ ÉèÏ==Ú J+¨ì=∞ ÉèÏ==Ú
`«$fÜ«∞ ÉèÏ==Ú #==Ú ÉèÏ==Ú
K«`«∞~°÷ ÉèÏ==Ú ^Œâ◊=Ú ÉèÏ==Ú
ѨOK«=∞=Ú UHÍ^Œâ◊ ÉèÏ==Ú
+¨+Éì¨ Ïè ==Ú ^•fi^Œâ◊ ÉèÏ==Ú
18. „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ – ^Õ=Ù_»∞#∞ ¿Ñ~°∞¡ =K«∞Û q^è•#O
19. ^Õ=`«Å∞ ¿Ñ~°∞¡ =K«∞Û q^è•#O
20. „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ =∞iÜ«Ú "å\˜ HÍ~°Hõ`«fi=ÚÅ∞
21. Ѩi=~°Î# Ü≥∂QÆO

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22. Ǩ~åHÍÅ=Ú
23. QÀKå~°O
24. *Ï`«HõK«„Hõ=ÚÖ’ qq^èŒ „QÆǨÅ g∞^Œ QÀKå~°OÖ’ K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ „Ѩ"ÕtOz#ѨC_»∞ =K«∞Û Ñ¶¨e`åÅ∞
25. QÆ∞~°∞=Ù QÀKå~°OQÍ *Ï`«Hõ K«„HõOÖ’ qq^èŒ „QÆǨÅ g∞^Œ ã¨OK«iOz#ѨC_»∞ U~°Ê_»∞ Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞
26. qq^èŒ ~åâ◊√ÅÖ’ „QÆǨÅ∞ g∞^Œ QÀKå~°OÖ’ â◊x ã¨OK«iOz#ѨC_»∞ U~°Ê_»∞ Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞
27. *Ï`«HõOÖ’ ~åtÖ’x qq^èŒ „QÆǨÅ g∞^Œ QÀKå~°OÖ’ ~åǨï=Ù ã¨OK«iOz#ѨC_»∞ U~°Ê_»∞ Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞
28. ˆH`«∞=Ù „QÆǨÏO ~åt K«„HõOÖ’x qq^èŒ „QÆǨÅ g∞^Œ QÀKå~°OÖ’ ã¨OK«iOz#ѨC_»∞ U~°Ê_»∞ Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞
29. Ѷ¨e`«qÉèÏQÍÅ∞
30. ~°q„QÆǨÏO
31. ~°q„QÆǨÏ=Ú qq^èŒ ~åâ◊√ÅÖ’ ã¨OK«iOz#ѨC_»∞ U~°Ê_»∞ Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞
32. ~°qÖ’ W`«~°„QÆǨÅ U~°Ê_»∞ Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞
33. K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ qq^èŒ ~åâ◊√ÅÖ’ ã¨OK«iOK«#ѨC_»∞ U~°Ê_»∞ Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞
34. ‰õΩA_»∞ qq^èŒ ~åâ◊√ÅÖ’ ã¨OK«iOK«#ѨC_»∞ U~°Ê_»∞ Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞
35. ‰õΩA_»∞ qq^èŒ „QÆǨÅ HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å¡ U~°Ê_»∞ Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞
36. |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ qq^èŒ ~åâ◊√ÅÖ’ L#flѨC_»∞ WK«∞Û Ñ¶¨e`«O
→
37. |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ qq^èŒ „QÆǨÅ Hõe~ÚHõ =Å¡ =K«∞Û Ñ¶¨e`«O
38. QÆ∞~°∞„QÆǨÏO qq^èŒ ~åâ◊√ÅÖ’ ã¨OK«iOK«#ѨC_»∞ U~°Ê_»∞ Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞
39. QÆ∞~°∞„QÆǨÏO qq^èŒ „QÆǨÅ HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å¡ U~°Ê_»∞ Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞
40. â◊x, â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ qq^èŒ~åâ◊√ÅÖ’ ã¨OK«iOK«#ѨC_»∞ U~°Ê_»∞ Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞
L^ÀºQÆO (ÉèÏ~°ºx K«∂K«∞ Ѩ^ŒúuÖ’ nxx „QÆÇ≤ÏOK«=Öˇ#∞)
41. ѨOK« =∞ǨѨÙ~°∞+¨ Ü≥∂QÍÅ∞
~°∞zHõ Ü≥∂QÆ=Ú ã¨∞#á¶êÜ≥∂QÆO
Éè„í ^ŒÜ∂≥ QÆ=Ú J#á¶êÜ≥∂QÆO
ǨÏOã¨Ü≥∂QÆ=Ú ˆHO„^Œ^Œ∂=∞Ü≥∂QÆO
=∂Å=ºÜ≥∂QÆ=Ú "ÕtÜ≥∂QÆO
â◊â◊ Ü≥∂QÆ=Ú "åtÜ≥∂QÆO
42. HÍÅã¨~°ÊÜ≥∂QÆ=Ú / ^À+¨=Ú
43. ‰õΩ[^À+¨=Ú / <åQÆ^À+¨=Ú
44. "≥·^Œº*’ºu+¨O
45. Ñ≤`«Î=Ú‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞
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46. Hõá¶êxH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞
47. "å`«=Ú#‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞
48. [Å∞|∞‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞
49. HõO\˜H˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞
50. K≥qH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞
51. =Ú‰õΩ¯ ã¨=∞㨺Å∞
52. Q˘O`«∞‰õΩ, K«~°‡=Ú#‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞
53. ~°HõÎO, ѨO\˜H˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞
54. PÜ«∂ã¨O
55. ǨÏ$^ŒÜ«∞=Ú#‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞
56. Hõà◊§‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞
57. q^Õj „Ѩܫ∂}=Ú
58. q^•ºÉèϺã¨=Ú
59. ã¨O`å#Ü≥∂QÆO
60. "≥∂HõΔÜ≥∂QÆO
61. J#∞|O^èŒ=Ú
62. L^•Ç¨Ï~°} *Ï`«HÍÅ∞

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 FO QÆ}Ѩ`Õ#=∞ó N ^Œ`å΄`ÕÜ«∞#=∞ó
N~å[~å*Ëâ◊fis#=∞ó

^Œ~°Ê}O =∂#=ÙÅ∞ „ѨuaOÉÏxfl U q^èŒ=ÚQÍ K«∂Ñ≤Oz =∂#=Ùx Pâ◊Û~°ºO á⁄O^Õ@∞¡ KÕã¨∞ÎO^À D

*’u+¨ºâߢã¨ÎO Éèí∂`«, =~°Î=∂#, Éèíq+¨º`«∞Î HÍÖÏxfl `≥Å∞ã¨∞H˘#∞@‰õΩ ZO`À LѨÜ≥∂QÆѨ_»∞#∞. HÍH˜ Ô~@ì
#∞Oz ~åq =$HõΔO Z\Ï¡ ѨÙ@∞ì<À *’ºu+¨ºâߢã¨ÎO ^•fi~å =∂#=ÙxH˜ HõÅ∞QÆ∞ LѨÜ≥∂QÍÅ∞ =∂@ʼnõΩ JO^Œx,
=i‚OK«ÖËx LѨÜ≥∂QÍÅ∞ Z<Àfl LO_»∞#∞. *’u+¨ºâߢã¨ÎO J^茺ܫ∞#O KÕÜ«∞x, ~åÜ«∞x =∞ǨÏi¬ ÖË_»∞.
*’u+¨ºâߢã¨ÎOÖ’ Éèí∞$QÆ∞<å_çH˜ XHõ „Ѩ`ÕºHõ`« L#flk. D<å_»∞ ã¨=∂[OÖ’ =∞#‰õΩ Éèí∞$QÆ∞=Ù, *ˇq∞x, Ѩ~åâß~°
=∞`«=ÚÅ∞ „áêK«∞~°º=ÚÖ’ LO_ç „Ñ¨[Å#∞ D *’u+¨º âߢã¨ÎO ^•fi~å K≥·`«#º=O`«∞Å∞QÍ KÕÜ«ÚK«∞#flq. D
Éèí∞$QÆ∞ =∞`«=Ú J`«ºO`« „áêp#"≥∞ÿ#k. D Éèí∞$QÆ∞ =∞ǨÏi¬ Éèíq+¨º âߢã¨Î=Ú#∞ =∂#=ÙxH˜ q¿Ñ¶∞flâ◊fi~°∞x
Hõ$Ѩ`À "≥Å∞=iOz#@∞¡QÍ =∞#‰õΩ âߢã¨Î=ÚÅ ^•fi~å `≥eÜ«ÚK«∞#flq.

D Éèí∞$QÆ∞ <å_ç Ѩ^ŒúuÖ’ Éèí∞$QÆ∞ =∞ǨÏi¬ ÉèíQÆ=O`«∞_»∞ J~Ú# #OkˆHâ◊fi~°∞_çx „áêi÷¿ãÎ, =∞ǨÏi¬
Éè$í QÆ∞=Ù Éèqí +¨ºâߢã=Î̈ Ú#∞ PÜ«∞#‰õΩ q#flqã¨∂Î LO_»@O D Éè$í QÆ∞ ã¨OÇ≤ÏO`«Ö’#∂ =∞#‰õΩ Z‰õΩ¯= Hõ#Ѩ_∞» #∞.
J^Õ q^èŒOQÍ ã¨Ñ¨Î|∞∞+≤ <å_çÖ’ áê~°fif=∂`«‰õΩ |∞∞+¨μʼnõΩ *’u+¨º âߢã¨ÎOÖ’ K«~°Û =∞#‰õΩ QÀK«iOK«∞#∞.
=∞#‰õΩ J<ÕHõ <å_ç âߢã¨Î=ÚÅ∞ P ã¨=∂[OÖ’ JO^Œ∞ÉÏ@∞Ö’ L<åfl~Ú. JO^Œ∞Ö’ â◊x<å_ç, Éèí∞^Œ <å_ç,
QÆ∞~°∞<å_ç, â◊√„Hõ<å_ç, =∞O„`«<å_ç, Éèí∞$QÆ∞#Ok <å_ç, t=<å_ç, â◊√„Hõ~ü <å_ç, JQÆã¨Îº <å_ç, QÆ}Ë+π <å_ç, ‰õΩ=∂~°
<å_ç, HÍ=∂H˜Δ <å_ç, Dâ◊fi~°<å_ç, D q^èŒOQÍ =∞#‰õΩ KåÖÏ <å_ç âߢã¨Î=ÚÅ∞ „Ѩ[ʼnõΩ JO^Œ∞ÉÏ@∞Ö’ LO_ç
q∞H˜¯e LѨÜ≥∂QÆ Ñ¨_»∞K«∞#flq. „Ѩu <å_ç âߢ™êÎÅÖ’ 16 YO_»=ÚÅ∞ LO\Ï~Ú. JO^Œ∞Ö’ 12 YO_»=ÚÅ∞
~åt K«„HÍÅ∞, 12 Wà◊§#∞, 13= YO_»=Ú ^Œâß|∞H˜Î, 14= YO_»O ѨiǨ~°=ÚÅ∞, 15= YO_»=Ú n~å…Ü«Ú=Ù
=∞iÜ«Ú 16= YO_»=Ú B+¨^Œ=Ú `≥eÜ«∞KÕÜ«Ú#∞.
17= YO_»=Ú#∞ *Ï˝# YO_»=Ú JO\Ï~°∞. „Ѩu YO_»=Ú#‰õΩ ^Õ=`« JkèѨuQÍ LO\Ï~°∞.
L^•:– 1. q"åǨxH˜ áê~°fiu Ѩ~°"Õ∞â◊fi~°∞¡
2. ã¨O`å<åxH˜ Hõ$+¨μ‚_çxH˜QÍx, ‰õΩ=∂~°™êfiq∞ JkèѨuQÍ LO\Ï~°x `≥Å∞ѨÙ`å~Ú.
D<å_»∞ ã¨=∂[OÖ’ Ѩ~åâ◊~° Ѩ^ŒúuÖ’x qO™È`«Îs ^Œâ◊ Ѩ^Œúu q∞H˜¯e „áêK«∞~°ºO á⁄Ok ™ê^è•~°}"≥∞ÿ#
=∂#=ÙxH˜ ÃÑ· K≥Ñ≤Ê# Ѩ^Œúu `«Ñ¨Ê "Õ~˘Hõ Ѩ^Œúu ÖË^Œx JáÈǨÏÖ’ L<åfl~°∞. ^•xH˜ `«QÆæ>Ë¡ ã¨=∂[OÖ’ ÃÑ· K≥Ñ≤Ê#
Ѩ^ŒúuH˜ q∞QÆ`å *’ºu+¨μºÅ∞ ‰õÄ_® ^•xH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# ѨÙã¨ÎHÍÅ∞ =∂„`«"Õ∞ „ѨK«∞iOz áê~î°‰õΩʼnõΩ „Ѩ[ʼnõΩ
ã¨=∂[OÖ’ ^ŒQÆæ~° J=Ù`«∞<åfl~°∞. HÍx x*ÏxH˜ ÃÑ· Ѩ^Œú`«∞Å∞ XHõ¯ *Ï`«HÍxfl ѨijeOKåÅO>Ë ~åtK«„HõO, ÉèÏ=
K«„HõO, ëê_» â◊=~°∞æÅ∞, J+¨ìHõ =~°æÅ∞, ã¨∞^Œ~°≈# K«„HõO, ÅQÆfl |ÖÏxfl, K«O„^Œ|ÖÏxfl, ã¨∂~°º|ÖÏxfl ѨijeOz
*Ï`«‰õΩx Ü≥ÚHõ¯ Hõ~°‡ Ѷ¨ÖÏxfl `«#∞ <Õ~°∞Û‰õΩ#fl q^Œº#∞ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù LѨ^Õâ◊O ^•fi~å *’ºu+¨μº_»∞ ^≥·q[˝Hõ ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ`À

-8-
q=iOK«_»O [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞#flk. HÍx Éèí$QÆ∞<å_ç *’ºu+¨ºOÖ’ *Ï`«Hõ ѨijÅ# „QÆǨÅ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ HÍ~°¯Hõ`«fi=ÚÅ
^•fi~å ѨijeOK«=Öˇ#∞. D Éèí∞$QÆ∞<å_çÖ’ „Ѩ`ÕºHõ`« Uq∞ J#QÍ WHõ¯_» ÅQÆfl=Ú, ~åt, ^Œâ◊, JO`«~ü^Œâ◊
"≥Ú^ŒÖˇ·# q+¨Ü«∂ʼnõΩ QÆ∞iÎOѨ٠W=fi~°∞. Éèí K«„Hõ=Ú xi‡OK«∞H˘x „QÆǨÅ#∞ U #HõΔ„`«OÖ’ LO^À, Zxfl _ç„wÅ∞
QÆuOzO^À `«^•fi~å ÉèíK«„HõOÖ’ P „QÆǨxfl LOz Ѷ¨e`åxfl *’ºu+¨μº_»∞ q=iO_»O [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞#flk. WO^Œ∞Ö’
XHõ „QÆǨxfl J#∞ã¨iOKÕ *Ï`«‰õΩx Ü≥ÚHõ¯ q+¨Ü«∞=ÚÖË HÍHõ J`«#∞ ã¨O|OkèOz# „Ѩu XHõ¯i q+¨Ü«∂Å#∞
Hõ#∞Q˘#=K«∞Û.
L^•: XHõ *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ „â◊=} #HõΔ„`«O ~ÀA ѨÙ\Ïì_»∞. JO>Ë J`«#∞ =∞Hõ~°~åtH˜ K≥Ok#"å_»∞ J~Ú=Ù<åfl_»∞.
HÍ|\˜ì D *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ =$`«∞ÎÅ#∞ `«~°K«∞ =∂~°Û_»O, =$uÎÖ’ hÖÏѨxO^ŒÅ∞ [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. J^Õ =∞Hõ~°~åtÖ’
‰õΩA_»∞ LK«Û Hõ#∞Hõ J#QÍ *Ï`«‰õΩx/_ç `«e¡H˜ áê`« WÅ∞¡QÍx ã¨÷ÅO J^Õ K«O„^Œ∞#∞Oz =∞~°Å „QÆǨÏOÖ’H˜
áÈ~Ú ‰õΩA_»∞ Éèí~°Î HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ ‰õΩA_»∞ HÍ|\˜ì *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ q∞H˜¯e HÀѨ=O`«∞_»∞ J~ÚºLO\Ï_»∞. =∞iÜ«Ú J^Õ
ˆHΔ„`«OÖ’ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù hK«Hõ#∞Hõ Pi÷Hõ ã≤÷~°`«fiOÖ’ X_ç^Œ∞_»∞‰õΩÅ∞ =∞#O QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û.
D q^èŒOQÍ *Ï`«HÍxfl XHõ¯ „QÆǨÏO ^•fi~å ѨijeOK«=K«∞Û.
D <å_»∞ ã¨=∂[OÖ’ â◊x ÉèíQÆ"åx #∞Oz, L^ÀºQÆO, Foreign , PÜ«Ú+¨μº W@∞=O\˜k Z<Àfl =∂#=
„Ѩ™êkOKÕ â◊x ÉèíQÆ"å#∞_çx Ue<åfl\˜ â◊x Jx ¿Ñ~°∞`À D<å_»∞ ã¨=∂[OÖ’ XHõ K≥_»∞ „ѨKå~°O L#flk.
Ue<åfl\˜â◊x J#QÍ K«O„^Œ∞x #∞Oz â◊x ÉèíQÆ"å#∞_»∞ 1,2,12 WO_»¡Ö’ LO_»∞@ Jx J~°÷=Ú. HÍx WHõ¯_»
=∞#O QÆ∞iÎOK«∞H˘#=Åã≤# q+¨Ü«∞O U=∞#QÍ K«O„^Œ∞x #∞Oz =∂„`«O â◊xÉèíQÆ"å#∞x K«∂z##∞ HÍx
=∞#=Ú 7 „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ#∞Oz â◊xÉèíQÆ"å#∞x K«∂z# Z<Àfl=∞Oz q+¨Ü«∂Å∞, =∞iÜ«Ú K≥_»∞ q+¨Ü«∂Å∞
„QÆÇÏ≤ OK«∞H˘#=K«∞Û. =∞#‰õΩ `≥Å∞ã¨∞OÎ k. <Õ#∞ W^Õ q^èOŒ QÍ ‰õΩ[^À+¨O, <åQÆ^À+¨O, "åã¨∞Î "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞ JOâßÅ#∞
D „QÆO^èŒO ^•fi~å ã¨=∂[OÖ’x „Ѩ=∂^•Å#∞ áÈQ˘@∞ì@‰õΩ D <å "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ „Ѩܫ∞`«flO#∞ ÉèíQÆ=O`«∞_»∞
=∞iÜ«Ú áê~î°‰õΩÅ∞ J#∞„QÆÇ≤ÏOK«=Öˇ#x „áê~°÷#.
(D Éèí∞$QÆ∞<å_ç Ѩ^ŒÌuÖ’ *Ï`«Hõ=Ú#∞ ~åt K«„HõOÖ’x ~åâ◊√Å#∞ k‰õΩ¯Å∞QÍ qÉèílOz JO^Œ∞Ö’
„QÆǨÅ#∞ á⁄O^Œ∞Ѩ~°z L^•: `«∂~°∞Ê, ^ŒH˜Δ}O, Ѩ_»=∞~°, L`«Î~°O) *Ï`«Hõ=Ú#∞ xi‡OK«∞@ [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok.
`«∂~°∞Ê ^ŒH˜Δ}O Ѩ_»=∞~°

L`«Î~°O g∞#O "Õ∞+¨O =$+¨ÉèíO q∞^èŒ∞#O

Ѩ_»=∞~° ‰õΩOÉèíO Hõ~å¯@HõO L`«Î~°O

^ŒHΔ̃}O =∞Hõ~°O ã≤OǨÏO `«∂~°∞Ê

`«∂~°∞Ê ^èŒ#∞ã¨∞û =$tÛHõO `«∞Å Hõ#º ^ŒHΔ̃}O

L`«Î~°O Ѩ_»=∞~°
-9-
 "Õ∞+¨O, ã≤OǨÏO, ^èŒ#∞ã¨∞û
`«∂~°∞Ê

=$+¨ÉOíè , Hõ~å¯@HõO,
Hõ#º, L`«Î~°O ^ŒH˜Δ}O =$tÛHõO,
=∞Hõ~°O g∞#O

Ѩ_»=∞~°
q∞^èŒ∞#O, `«∞Å, ‰õΩOÉèíO

27 #HõΔ„`«=ÚÅ∞ `å~å|Å=Ú K«∂K«∞H˘#∞@‰õΩ Ñ¨^Œúu

1. Jâ◊fix 10. =∞Ѷ¨∞ 19. =¸Å ˆH`«∞=Ù 1
2. Éèí~°}˜ 11. ѨÙ|ƒ 20. ѨÓ~°fiëê_è» â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ 2
3 Hõ$uÎHõ 12. L`«~Î ° 21. L`«~Î åëê_» ~°q 3
4. ~ÀÇ≤Ï}˜ 13. ǨÏã¨Î 22. „â◊=}=Ú K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ 4
5 =∞$QÆt~° 14. z`«Î 23.
⎯⎯ →
^èxŒ +ª̈ ‰õΩA_»∞ 5
6. P¢~ú° 15. ™êfiu 24. â◊`a« +è O¨ ~åǨï=Ù 6
7. ѨÙ#~°fiã¨∞ 16. qâßY 25. ѨÙ~åfiÉèí„^Œ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù 7
8. ѨÙ+¨ºq∞ 17. J#∂~å^èŒ 26. L`«~Î åÉè„í ^Œ â◊x 8
9. Pâı¡+¨ 18. *Ëfi+¨ª 27. ~ˆ =u |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ 9

U #HõΔ„`«O J~Ú<å 1,2,4,6,8,9 best (Z=iÔH·<å) 1– (™ê^è•~°}O)

3,5,7 – bad (Z=iÔH·<å)
27 #HõΔ„`«=ÚÅ∞ – 12 ~åâ◊√ʼnõΩ ã¨O|O^èŒ=Ú
Jâ◊fix Éèí~°}˜ Hõ$uÎHÍ áê^Œ=Ú 1 – "Õ∞+¨O
Hõ$uHÍ¢ã¨ÎÜ≥∂ ~ÀÇ≤Ï}˜ =∞$QÆt~å~°úO – =$+¨ÉèíO
=∞$QÆt~å~°úO P¢~°ú ѨÙ#~°fiã¨∞¢ã¨ÎÜ«∞ó – q∞^èŒ∞#O
ѨÙ#~°fiã¨∞áê^À ѨÙ+¨ºq∞ Pâı¡ëêO`«O – Hõ~å¯@HõO
=∞Y ѨÙ|ƒ L`«Î~åëê_» – ã≤OǨÏO
L`«Î~å¢ã¨ÎÜ≥∂ ǨÏã¨Î z`«Î~°úO – Hõ#º
- 10 -
z`åÎ~°úO ™êfiu qâßMÏ¢ã¨ÎÜ«∞ó – `«∞Å
qâßY áê^À J#∂~å^èŒ *˺ëêªO`«Hõ ó – =$tÛHõO
=¸Å ѨÓ~åfiëê_» L`«Î~åëê_è» áê^Œó – ^èŒ#∞ã¨∞û
L`«Î~åëê_订ã¨ÎÜ≥∂ „â◊=}O, ^èŒxëêª~°úO – =∞Hõ~°O
^èŒxëêì~°úO, â◊`«aè+¨O, ѨÓ~åfiÉèí„^Œ¢ã¨ÎÜ«∞ó – ‰õΩOÉèíO
ѨÓ~åfiÉèÏ„^Œ áê^À L`«Î~åÉèÏ„^• ˆ~=`«ºO`«O – g∞#O
^•fi^Œâ◊ ~åâ◊√Å∞ – JOQÆ=ÚÅ∞
1. "Õ∞+¨O – t~°ã¨∞û 7. `«∞Å – á⁄uÎHõ_»∞ѨÙ
2. =$+¨ÉOíè – =ÚY=Ú 8. =$tÛHõ=Ú – ¢ã,Α ѨÙ~°∞+¨ =∞~°‡™ê÷#=ÚÅ∞
3. q∞^èŒ∞#O – |Ǩï=ÙÅ∞ 9. ^èŒ#∞ã¨∞û – Ô~O_»∞ `˘_»Å∞
4. Hõ~å¯@HõO – =Hõ=Δ Ú 10. ‰õΩOÉè=í Ú – Ô~O_»∞"≥∂HÍà◊√§
5. ã≤OǨÏO – ǨÏ$^ŒÜ«∞O 11. =∞Hõ~°O – Ô~O_»∞ Ñ≤Hõ¯Å∞
6. Hõ#º – L^Œ~=° Ú 12. g∞#O – áê^Œ=ÚÅ∞
K«~°, ã≤÷~°, kfiã¨fiÉèÏ= ~åâ◊√Å∞
1. "Õ∞+¨, Hõ~å¯@Hõ, `«∞ÖÏ, =∞Hõ~°=ÚÅ∞ – K«~°~åâ◊√Å∞
2. =$+¨Éèí, ã≤OǨÏ, =$tÛHõ, ‰õΩOÉèí=ÚÅ∞ – ã≤÷~°~åâ◊√Å∞
3. q∞^èŒ∞#O, Hõ#º, ^èŒ#ã¨∞û, g∞#=ÚÅ∞ – kfiã¨fiÉèÏ= ~åâ◊√Å∞
„QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ ã¨fiˆHΔ„`«=ÚÅ∞
ã¨∂~°∞º#‰õΩ – ã≤OǨÏ=Ú
K«O„^Œ∞#‰õΩ – Hõ~å¯@Hõ=Ú
‰õΩA#‰õΩ – "Õ∞+¨, =$tÛHõ=ÚÅ∞
|∞^èŒ∞#‰õΩ – q∞^èŒ∞#, Hõ#ºÅ∞
QÆ∞~°∞#‰õΩ – ^èŒ#∞ã¨∞û, g∞#=Ú
â◊√„‰õΩ#‰õΩ – =$+¨Éèí=Ú, `«∞Å
â◊xH˜ – =∞Hõ~°=Ú, ‰õΩOÉèí=Ú
#=„QÆǨÏ=ÚʼnõΩ – LK«ÛùhK«Å∞
„QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ LK«Ûù hK«
ã¨∂~°∞º#‰õΩ "Õ∞+¨=Ú `«∞Å
K«O„^Œ∞#‰õΩ =$+¨É=íè Ú =$tÛHõ=Ú
‰õΩA#‰õΩ =∞Hõ~°=Ú Hõ~å¯@Hõ=Ú
- 11 -
|∞^èŒ∞#‰õΩ Hõ#º g∞#=Ú
QÆ∞~°∞#‰õΩ Hõ~å¯@Hõ=Ú =∞Hõ~°=Ú
â◊√„‰õΩ#‰õΩ g∞#=Ú Hõ#º
â◊xH˜ `«∞Å "Õ∞+¨=Ú
#=„QÆǨÏ=ÚʼnõΩ – =¸Å „uHÀ}=ÚÅ∞
„QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ =¸Å „uHÀ}=ÚÅ∞
ã¨∂~°∞º#‰õΩ ã≤OǨÏ=Ú
K«O„^Œ∞#‰õΩ =$+¨É=íè Ú
‰õΩA#‰õΩ "Õ∞+¨=Ú
|∞^èŒ∞#‰õΩ Hõ#º
QÆ∞~°∞#‰õΩ ^èŒ#∞ã¨∞û
â◊√„‰õΩ#‰õΩ `«∞Å
â◊xH˜ ‰õΩOÉèí=Ú
#=„QÆǨÏ=ÚʼnõΩ – ¢ã‘Î, ѨÙ~°∞+¨, #OѨÙã¨Hõ x~°∂Ѩ}
~°q, ‰õΩ[, QÆ∞~° – ѨÙ~°∞+¨ „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞
K«O„^Œ â◊√„‰õΩÅ∞ – ¢ã‘Î „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞
|∞^èŒ, â◊#∞Å∞ – #ѨÙOã¨Hõ „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞
~åǨï, ˆH`«∞Å∞ – H˘O^Œ~°∞ ¢ã‘Î „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅx
=∞iH˘O`« =∞Ok ¿Ñ¡K«º „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ Jx JO\Ï~°∞.
„QÆǨÏO ~åt #HõΔ„`«O =¸Å„uHõ} LK«Ûù ѨIIÉèí hK« Ѩ~°=∞hK«
~°q ã≤OǨÏO 1–20 21–30 "Õ∞+¨O 10 `«∞Å 10
K«O„^Œ =$+¨ÉOíè 1–3 4–30 =$+¨ÉOíè 3 =$tÛHõO 3
‰õΩ[ "Õ∞+¨O 1–18 19–30 =∞Hõ~°O 28 Hõ~å¯@HõO 28
|∞^èŒ Hõ#º 1–15 16–30 Hõ#º 15 g∞#O 15
QÆ∞~°∞ ^èŒ#ã¨∞û 1–10 11–30 Hõ~å¯@HõO 5 =∞Hõ~°O 5
â◊√„Hõ `«∞Å 1–15 16–30 g∞#O 26 Hõ#º 36
â◊x ‰õΩOÉèOí 1–20 21–30 `«∞Å 20 "Õ∞+¨O 20
|∞^èŒ∞#‰õΩ, ã¨fiˆHΔ„`«O, LK«Ûù, =¸Å „uHÀ}=Ú ‰õÄ_» Hõ#º"Õ∞, ~åǨï, ˆH`«∞=ÙÅ∞ KåÜ«∂„QÆǨÅ∞

- 12 -
 #=„QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ – ^Œ∞$+≤ìÅ∞
Éèí$QÆ∞<å_ç Ѩ^ŒúuÖ’ ~°q #∞O_ç ã¨Ñ¨Î„QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ 1,5,7,9 ^Œ$+≤ìÖ’ „Ѩu „QÆǨÏ=Ú =∞~˘Hõ „QÆǨÏ=Ú#∞ K«∂K«∞,
~åǨï, ˆH`«∞=ÙʼnõΩ 1,5,9 ^Œ$+≤ì =∂„`«O LO_»∞#∞.
#=„QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ q∞„`«∞Å∞ – â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ∞ – ã¨=ÚÅ∞
„QÆÇ¨Ï q∞„`«∞Å∞ ã¨=Ú_»∞ â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ∞
~°q K«O„^Œ, QÆ∞~°∞, ‰õΩA_»∞ |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ â◊x, â◊√„‰õΩ, ~å, ˆH
K«O„^Œ JO^ŒiH˜ q∞„â◊=∞=ÚQÍ Hõ#Ѩ_Õ â◊„`«∞=Ù
‰õΩ[ ~°q, QÆ∞~°∞ ‰õΩA â◊x, |∞^èŒ, â◊√„Hõ, K«O„^Œ, ~åǨï
|∞^èŒ∞_»∞ ~°q, â◊√„Hõ, â◊x ~åǨï, QÆ∞~°∞ K«O„^Œ, ˆH`«∞, ‰õΩ[
QÆ∞~°∞ ~°q, K«O„^Œ,‰õΩ[ â◊x, ‰õΩ[,ˆH`«∞ â◊√„Hõ, ~°q
â◊√„Hõ â◊x, |∞^èŒ, ~åǨï QÆ∞~°∞ ‰õΩA, ~°q, K«O„^Œ, ˆH`«∞
â◊x â◊√„Hõ, |∞^èŒ,~åǨï QÆ∞~°∞ ~°q, K«O„^Œ, ‰õΩ[, ˆH`«∞
~åǨï â◊x, |∞^èŒ, â◊√„Hõ ‰õΩ[, ~°q, K«O„^Œ, ‰õΩ[ QÆ∞~°∞
ˆH`«∞=Ù â◊x, QÆ∞~°∞, ‰õΩ[ K«O„^Œ, |∞^èŒ, â◊√„Hõ, â◊x, ~åǨï
#=„QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ – =~°‚=ÚÅ∞
QÆ∞~°∞=Ù, â◊√„Hõ – „ÉÏǨχ}∞Å∞
~°q, ‰õΩAÅ∞ – HõΔ„uÜ«ÚÅ∞
K«O„^Œ, |∞^èŒ – "≥·â◊√ºÅ∞
â◊x – â◊¥„^Œ∞Å∞
~åǨï, ‰õΩ[ – "Õ∞¡K«∞ÛÅ∞
#=„QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ – QÆ∞}=ÚÅ∞
â◊√„Hõ, K«O„^Œ, QÆ∞~°∞ – ã¨`«fiQÆ∞}O
~°q, |∞^èŒ – ~°*’QÆ∞}O
â◊x, ‰õΩ[, ~åÇ¨ï – `«"≥∂QÆ∞}O
ˆH`«∞ – ã¨`«fiQÆ∞}O
#=„QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ – ~°OQÆ∞Å∞
â◊x – #Å∞ѨÙ
K«O„^Œ – `≥Å∞ѨÙ
‰õΩ[ – Z~°∞ѨÙ
- 13 -
|∞^èŒ – ѨK«Û
QÆ∞~°∞=Ù – Ѩã¨∞ѨÙ
â◊√„Hõ – `≥Å∞ѨÙ
â◊x – hÅO, #Å∞ѨÙ
~åǨï=Ù – QÀ"Õ∞kèHõO
ˆH`«∞=Ù – Ѩã¨∞ѨÙ
#=„QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ – k‰õΩ¯Å∞
~°q – `«∂~°∞Ê
K«O„^Œ – "åÜ«Ú=ºO
‰õΩ[ – ^ŒH˜Δ}O
|∞^èŒ – L`«Î~°O QÆ∞~°∞=Ù
ˆH`«∞=Ù – Dâß#ºO
â◊√„Hõ – PˆQflÜ«∞O
â◊x – Ѩ_=» ∞~°
~åǨï=Ù – <≥·~°∞u
 
„QÆǨÏÜ«Ú^ŒúO
XˆH~åtÖ’ ‰õΩAx`À HõÅã≤ QÆ∞~°∞, â◊√„Hõ, |∞^èŒ, â◊#∞Å∞ Z=~°∞#fl#∞ „QÆÇ¨Ï Ü«Ú^ŒúOQÍ J#|_»∞#∞. ‰õΩA#∞
^•\˜# „QÆǨÏO ‰õΩAÃÑ· ÔQÅ∞ѨÙá⁄Ok# „QÆǨÏO. ‰õΩAx „QÆǨÏÅ∞^•@xq Ѩ~å[Ü«∞O „QÆǨÏO K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û.
„QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ - =„Hõ`«fiO
U^≥·<å „QÆǨÏ=Ú ã¨OKå~°=Ú# =ÚO^Œ∞‰õΩ áÈ=Åã≤# „QÆǨÏO =ÚO^Œ∞#‰õΩ áȉõΩO_® "≥#∞Hõ‰õΩ =K«∞Û#∞. J\˜ì
ã≤÷ux =„Hõã≤÷u J#|_»∞#∞. ~°q, K«O„^Œ∞ʼnõΩ, =„HõO ÖË^Œ∞. ~åǨï, ˆH`«∞=ÙÅ∞ ZѨC_»∞ =„HõOQÍ ã¨OK«iOz,
=„Hõ`«fiO á⁄Ok# „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ J#QÍ, â◊x, |∞^èŒ,‰õΩ[, QÆ∞~°∞ â◊√„‰õΩʼnõΩ =„Hõ`«fiO =iÎOK«∞#∞.
ѨOK« =∞Ǩ ѨÙ~°∞+¨ Ü≥∂QÆ=ÚÅ∞
~°∞zHõ Ü≥∂QÆ=Ú
‰õΩA_»∞ [#‡ÅQÆfl=Ú ÅQÍ~Ú`«∞ Hˆ O„^Œ=ÚÖ’ LO_ç, P ™êú#=Ú ‰õΩA#‰õΩ ã¨fiHˆ „Δ `«=ÚQÍx, LK«ÛQÍx, J~Ú#KÀ,
Jk ~°∞zHõÜ≥∂QÆ=∞x K≥ѨÊ|_ç#k. D Ü≥∂QÆ=Ú# [x‡Oz#"å~°∞ L#fl`« Ѩ^Œ=ÙÅÖ’ LO_ç, JkèHÍ~°∞Å∞QÆ
LO^Œ∞~°∞. ^èŒ#=Ú, H©iÎ ã¨OѶ¨∞rq`«=ÚÖ’ Q“~°==Ú, „Ѩ*ÏkèHÍ~°=Ú QÆÅ"å_»∞QÆ#∞ LO^Œ∞~°∞. g~°∞ `«~°K«∞QÆ
Ãã#· º=Ú, áÈbã¨∞âßYÅÖ’QÍx, WO[hiOQÆ∞ âßYÅÖ’QÍx LO^Œ∞~°∞. H˘O^Œ~∞° "≥^· ºŒ =$uÎ J=ÅOaèOz â◊¢ãzΨ H˜`û«
KÕÜ«Ú@Ö’ <Õ~°Ê~°∞Å∞QÆ LO^Œ∞~°∞.

- 14 -
H˘xfl *’ºu+¨âߢã¨Î „QÆO^èŒ=ÚÅÖ’ ^Œâ◊"Õ∞ JOQÍ~°HÀ<åã≤Î*Ï`«HõO „ѨÜ≥∂[#ó Jx K≥ѨÊ|_ç L#flk.
23 ^•fi^Œâ◊ ÉèÏ"åÅ #∞O_ç `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ^ŒQÆæ q+¨Ü«∂Å∞ q∞ye# q=~åÅ∞ ѨijeOK«O_ç.
"≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ÉèÏ==Ú :–
nx<Õ `«#∂ÉèÏ==Ú JO\Ï~°∞. â◊s~°O, J=Ü«∞=ÚÅ∞,ã¨∞MÏã¨∞Y=ÚÅ∞, =$^•úѺ¨ =Ú, *Ï˝#=Ú, [#‡™ê÷#=Ú,
H©iÎ, HõÅÅ∞, |Å=Ú, sîq, ~å[hu, PÜ«Ú=Ù, =∞#âß≈Ou =Ü«∞ã¨∞û, "å~°ã¨∞Å∞, áÈeHõÅ∞, r=<ÀáêÜ«∞=Ú,
JѨH©iÎ, Q“~°==Ú, K«~°‡=Ú, x„^Œ, xѨÙ}`«fi=Ú, W`«~°∞Å#∞ `«‰õΩ¯= KÕÜ«Ú ã¨fiÉèÏ==Ú, ~ÀQÆq=ÚH˜Î, Jã¨O`«$Ñ≤Î,
Ѩâ◊√ã¨O~°HõΔ}, =Oâ◊^èŒ∂+¨}, P~ÀQƺ=Ú Wq `«#∂ÖË^• "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ ÉèÏ=ã¨O[˝Å∞.
kfifÜ«∞ ÉèÏ==Ú :–
LѨ<åºã¨=Ú, Sâ◊fi~°º=Ú, ѨÓ~åfiKå~°=Ú, Ѩ~ÀѨHÍ~°=Ú, QÀà◊√§, Éè’QÆ=Ú, ã¨`åºã¨`«º=ÚÅ∞, "å‰õΩ¯,
<åÅ∞Hõ, <Õ„`«=ÚÅ∞, ^Œ∞ã¨∞ÎÅ∞, =„[=Ú, ~åy =∞}∞Å∞, ã≤÷~° ã¨fiÉèÏ==Ú, ã¨∞QÆO^èŒ „^Œ=º=ÚÅ∞, ‰õΩ@∞O|=Ú,
"åºáê~°=Ú, B^•~°º=Ú, P~°˚#, ¿ãflǨÏ=Ú, HÀ=∞Å`«fi=Ú, ¿ãflÇ≤Ï`«∞Å∞, "åQÍú\ ˜, áêO_ç`«º=Ú, |OQÍ~°=Ú,
^èŒ#^è•#º=Ú, q#Ü«∞=Ú, <åã≤Hõ, =∂#ã≤Hõ ã≤÷~°`«fi=Ú, ^•`«$`«fi=Ú, r=<ÀáêÜ«∞=Ú, ^ŒH˜Δ}<Õ„`«=Ú, =ÚY=Ú,
=∂~°Hõ=Ú Éè’[#=Ú, q^Œº.
`«$fÜ«∞ÉèÏ==Ú :–
Ѩ~å„Hõ=∞=Ú, Hõx+¨ì™È^ŒsÅ∞, Ü«Ú^Œú=Ú, K≥=ÙÅ∞, HÍà◊√§, z`«Î KåOK«Åº=Ú, ™ê=∞~°÷=Ú, ã¨~°fi™œYº=Ú,
qKå~°=Ú, HõÅÅ∞, ~“„^Œ=Ú, ã¨fi|O^èŒ∞=ÙÅ∞, q∞„`«∞Å∞, ã¨fiÅÊ „Ѩܫ∂}=ÚÅ∞ =∞$ëêì#fl Éè’[#=Ú, Pã≤Î qÉèí[#,
PÉè~í }° =ÚÅ∞ 㨄`«Ê=~°#Î , áêO_ç`º« =Ú, QÆ`=« Ú, âßs~°H|õ Å=Ú, ÖÏÉè=í Ú, âßs~°Hõ ѨÙ+≤,ª ã¨OѨ#fl[#‡ ^•ã¨^•ã‘Å∞,
"åǨÏ# ™œYº=Ú, HÍ~°º ÉèÏ~°=Ú =Ç≤ÏOK«∞@, =~å‚„â◊=∞ ^èŒ~°‡=Ú, QÆ∞~°∞=ÙÅ∞ ÃÑ^ŒÌÅ∞, HÀѨ=Ú, âßO`«=Ú,
LáêÜ«∞=Ú, HÍ~°ºã¨O^è•#=Ú.
K«`«∞~°úÉèÏ==Ú :–
q^Œº, ~å[º=Ú, „QÆǨÏ=Ú, „Ѩܫ∂}=Ú, ѨšH˜, iHΔÍ, z#flÑ‘_»Å∞, JÉèíºOQÆ™êfl#=Ú, `«e¡|O^èŒ∞=ÙÅ∞
¿ãflÇ≤Ï`«∞Å∞, HõÅ=Ú, ^Œ∞ã¨∞ÅÎ ∞, K≥~∞° =ÙÅ∞, #∂`«∞Å∞, h~°∞, áêÅ∞, ã¨∞QÆO^è=Œ Ú, ã¨∞Yr=#=Ú, ã¨f¯iÎ, k"Òº+¨^=Œè Ú,
qâßfiã¨=Ú, J|^Œú=ÚÅ∞, =∞O@Ѩ=Ú, q[Ü«∞=Ú, Hõëêìi˚`«=Ú, Éèí∂q∞, „Ѩu+≤ìOK«∞@, =∂`«$=~°æ=Ú,
`«O„_çB#fl`«º=Ú, ™êfi~°ú P^•Ü«∞=Ú, QÆ$ǨÏ=ÚÅ∞, QÆ$ǨτѨ"Õâ◊=Ú, jÅ=Ú, ™ê^èŒ#, „ÉèíOâ◊=Ú, Ñ≤„`åi˚`«=Ú,
^Õ=`å „Ñ¨™ê^Œ=Ú, QÆ∞ѨΙê÷# Ѩiâ’^èŒ#, "Õ^Œâߢã¨Î Jaè=$kú, QÀ=ÙÅ∞, ã¨ã¨º=$kú, xkè xˆHΔѨ=ÚÅ∞, „QÆO^èŒ=Ú,
#∞~Úº.
ѨOK«=∞=Ú :–
ã¨O`å#=Ú, `«O„_çKãÕ #≤ ѨÙ}º=Ú, tÅÊq^Œº, =∞#ã¨∞û q^Œº, QÆ~ƒ° =ù Ú, q"ÕH=õ Ú, Kè„« `«=Ú, ã¨`º« ^è•Ñ¨~#°î =Ú,
â◊√ÉèíÖËYÅ∞, ^Œ∞ã¨∞ÎÅ∞, HÀiHõÅ∞ ã≤kúOѨ KÕã¨∞H˘#∞@, Ñ≤`«$^èŒ#=Ú, ^Œ∂~°^Œ$+≤ì ¢ã‘Î =¸ÅHõ ÉèÏQƺ=Ú, "Õâߺ¢ã‘Î
ã¨OÉè’QÆ=Ú, Q“~°==Ú, ~°Ç¨Ï㨺 xkè, q#Ü«∞=Ú, "å~åÎÖËY#=Ú, ˆHΔ=∞=Ú, „QÆO^èŒ~°K«# HÍ~åºK«~°}=Ú,

- 15 -
=∞O„`Àáêã¨#, "≥·Éèí==Ú, J#fl „Ѩ^•#=Ú, áêѨѨÙ}º=ÚÅ∞, `å~°`«=∞º=ÚÅ∞, =∞O„`«[Ѩ=Ú, „ѨuÉèí, ã¨i
J~Ú# PÖ’K«# =∞$O^ŒOQÍk ã¨Ow`« "å^Œº=ÚÅ∞, ã¨O`«$Ñ≤,Î áêO_ç`º« =Ú =Oâ◊áê~°OѨ~º° JkèHÍ~°=Ú "≥Ú.#q.
+¨+¨ìÉèÏ==Ú :–
~ÀQÆ=Ú, qѶ¨∞fl=Ú, Ü«Ú^Œú„áêÑ≤Î, "Õ∞#=∂=ÚÅ∞, HõO`«∞Å∞, „‰õÄ~°HÍ~åºK«~°}, L<å‡^Œ=Ú, ™ÈÊ@Hõ=Ú,
â◊„`«∞`«fi=Ú, "≥~· =° Ú, Ö’Éè`í fi« =Ú, z`«HˆÎ â¡ =◊ Ú, |ǨïqKå~°=Ú, |Ǩï[#^è~·≥ º° =Ú, Ü«∂K«H`õ fi« =Ú, JHÍÅÉè’[#=Ú,
Ѩ`#« =Ú, ÖÏÉè=í Ú JkèH„õ â◊=∞, q+¨=∞, Juâ◊¥Å, =}∞‰õΩ, ã¨fiH©i,Î ã¨O~°H}Δõ , Ju™ê~°=Ú, =¸„`«"åºkè, +¨„_»ã=¨ ÚÅ∞,
xO^Œ, ¿ã=, KÒ~°º=Ú, qѨ`«∞Î, HÍ~åQÆ$ǨÏ=Ú, ™È^Œ~°∞ÅÖ’ HõÅǨÏ=Ú.
ã¨Ñ¨Î=∞ ÉèÏ==Ú :–
q"åǨÏ=Ú, =ºaèKå~°=Ú, „¿Ñq∞OK«|_»∞@, *Ï~°¢ã‘ÎHõÅǨÏ=Ú, „Hõ=∞=Ú`«Ñ¨C@, ã¨∞QÆO^èŒ ‰õΩã¨∞=∞=ÚÅ∞,
áêhÜ«∞=Ú, =∞$ëêì#fl=Ú, `åO|∂Å=Ú, „Ѩܫ∂}ÉèíOQÆ=Ú, ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞, |∞kú=∂O^茺=Ú, =¢™êÎÖOHÍ~° „áêÑ≤Î,
`Õ[ã¨∞û, kfiHõà◊„`«=Ú, =∞~°‡™ê÷#=Ú, =¸„`«=Ú, QÆ∞^Œ„Ѩ^Õâ◊=Ú, "åºáê~°=Ú, =∞^èŒ∞~°áêxÜ«∞=Ú, `Õ<≥, ѨÙÅã¨∞,
P[º=Ú, Éè’[#=Ú, ^•`«$`«fi=Ú, â◊H˜Îáê_»QÆ∞@, â◊`«$=ÙÅ#∞ [~ÚOK«∞@, ™ê^èŒ<åO`«~° ^èŒ#=Ú á⁄O^Œ∞@, "å^Œ
„Ѩu"å^Œ#, ã¨OÉè’QÆ=Ú, ^Œ`ÑΫ Ù¨ „`«∞_»∞, <Õu Ѩ^•~°=ú ÚÅ∞ u#∞@, q^Õâ◊ „ѨÜ∂« }O, ÉèÏ~°º, ¢ãΑ ™œYº=Ú, KÀ~°`fi« =Ú.
J+¨ì=∞ÉèÏ==Ú :–
PÜ«Ú=Ù, ã¨∞Y=Ú, Ѩ~åÉè=í =Ú, =∞$`«^#Œè =Ú, ÉèÏ^ŒÅ`À ‰õÄ_ç# =ÚY=Ú =∞~°}=Ú, PѨ^,Œ HõÅǨÏ=Ú,
™È^Œ~° â◊`«$=Ù, q~Àkè JxÜ«∞=Ú, ^Œ∞óY=Ú, ™È=∞i`«#=Ú ~å[^ŒO_»# ÉèÏ==Ú, _»|∞ƒÅ∞ áÈ=Ù@, |∞∞}=Ú
`≥eÜ«∞‰õΩO_® Ѩ~°∞Å ^èŒ#=Ú á⁄O^Œ∞@, ^Œ∞~å‡~°æ=Ú, áêѨ=Ú, r=Ç≤ÏOã¨, JOQÆÇ‘Ï#=Ú, t~°KÕÛù^Œ=Ú, qѨs`«
^Œ∞óY=Ú, |∞kúx áê_»∞KÕÜ«Ú Hõ^èŒÅ∞ q#∞@, ^Œ∞~°^Œ$+¨ì=Ú, áê_»∞Ѩ#∞Å∞ KÕÜ«Ú@Ö’ JkèHõ „â◊^Œú, Ü«Ú^Œú=Ú,
=∂#ã≤Hõ KåOK«Åº=Ú.
#==ÚÉèÏ==Ú :–
^•#=Ú, ^èŒ~°‡=Ú, f~°úÜ«∂„`«Ü«ÚÅ∞ ¿ãqOK«∞@, QÆ∞~°∞=ÙÅ∞, ǨÏiÜ«∞O^Œ∞ ÉèíH˜Î, B+¨^èŒ=Ú PKå~°=Ú
z`«âÎ √◊ kú, ^Õ=`å~å^è#Œ , q^Œº <Õ~∞° ÛH˘#∞@Ö’ „â◊^,úŒ "≥É· =íè =Ú, „ѨÜ∂« }=Ú ÖËHõ "åǨÏ#=Ú, ÉèÏQƺ=Ú, „ѨÖÏѨ=Ú,
PK«~}° Ѩ^`úŒ ∞« Å∞, h`«∞Å∞, ã¨`¯« ^äÅŒ ∞, Ü«∂„`«, Jaè¿+Hõ=Ú, ã¨[#˚ ™êOQÆ`º« =Ú, ã¨~fi° ™œHõº=Ú, Ñ≤„`å~°#˚ , Ѩل`«∞Å∞,
ѨلuHõÅ∞ JÃ+âì fi◊ ~°º=ÚÅ∞, Jâ◊fi"åǨÏ#=Ú, QÆ["åǨÏ#=Ú, Ѩ\Ïìa¿è +Hõ=∞Ok~°=Ú, „ÉÏǨχ}ѨÓ[, "≥k· Hõ „Hõ`∞« =ÙÅ∞,
^èŒ# "åºáê~°=Ú, "≥ÚII#q.
^Œâ◊=∞ ÉèÏ==Ú :–
=~°HÎ =õ Ú, ~å[ ã¨<å‡#=Ú, Jâ◊fiQÆ=∞#=Ú, â◊s~° "åºÜ«∂=∞=Ú, ~åK«HÍ~°º=Ú, "åºáê~°=Ú, Éè∂í `«^Ü Œ ∞«
„âı+`ª¨ fi« =Ú, QÆ∞~°∞=Ù, Ü«∞O„`«=Ú, Ü«∂O„uHõ=Ú, =∂`«$^Õ=`«, ѨÙ}º=Ú, ™ê÷#=Ú, ^Õ=`«Å∞, =∞O„`«ãk≤ ,ú "≥É· =íè =Ú,
=∞Oz=∞O^Œ∞Å∞, ^Œ`«ÎѨل`«∞_»∞, ~åA, =∂~°æ=Ú, =∂#=Ú, ã¨∞Yr=#=Ú, „ѨMϺu, H©iÎ, qK«HõΔ}Ïkè HÍ~°=Ú,
É’^èŒ#=Ú, ~å[=Ú„^Œ, „áêÉèí==Ú, x„QÆǨÏ=Ú, JѨHÍ~°=Ú, J[˝Å∞ ~ÚK«∞Û@, Hõ~°‡.

- 16 -
UHÍ^Œâ◊ ÉèÏ==Ú :
ã¨~°fi q^èŒÖÏÉèí=Ú, ^Œ∞~åâ◊, qѨs`«"≥∞ÿ# HÀiHõ, qq^èŒ P^•Ü«∞=ÚÅ∞, Ѩ~ånè#O, *˺+ª̈ ™È^Œ~°™È^ŒsÅ∞,
q„QÆǨ~å^èŒ# Ñ≤#`«O„_»∞Å∞, ÃÑ^Œ`«O„_»∞Å∞, Láêã¨#, q^Œº, ã¨∞=~°‚ ã¨O„QÆǨÏ=Ú, Ѩ@∞`«fi=Ú, "≥ÚHÍà◊√§,
MϺu=O`«"∞≥ #ÿ ã¨Å÷ =Ú, Éè∂í +¨}=ÚÅ Ü«∞O^Œ∞ „Ñ‘u, ~å[^è#Œ =Ú, #+¨ì „^Œ=º=Ú, „ã‘ÅÎ ∞ HÀ~°∞ =ã¨∞=Î ÙÅ∞ KÕ~ÚOK«∞@,
=∞O„u Ѩ^Œq, ÉÏ==∞ik, Åaú, ÉèÏQÀº^ŒÜ«∞=Ú, W+¨ì HÍ~°º=Ú, 㨄Hõ=∞ ÖÏÉèí=Ú, Pâ◊, `«e¡, PÜ«Ú~åúÜ«∞=Ú,
K≥e Ñ≤Hõ¯Å∞, z„`« ÖËY#=Ú, ÉÁ=∞‡Å∞ "ÕÜ«Ú@, HõàÏ<≥·Ñ¨Ù}º=Ú.
^•fi^Œâ◊ ÉèÏ==Ú :–
x„^•ÉèíOQÆ=Ú, =∞<À=º^èŒ, Ô~O_»∞HÍà◊√§, â◊„`«∞ÉèíÜ«∞=Ú, |O^èŒ#=Ú, K≥~°, ÉÏ^è•q=ÚH˜Î, |∞}q=ÚH˜Î,
|∞∞} q"≥∂K«#, U#∞QÆ∞Å∞, QÆ∞é]=ÚÅ∞, â◊„`«∞=Ù.
ã¨fi~åæ~ÀǨÏ}=Ú, Z_»=∞Hõ#∞fl, „Ѩ*Ïq~À^èŒ=Ú, JOQÆ"≥·Hõź=Ú, „ã‘ÎÖ’Å`«fi=Ú, q"åǨÏ=Ú KÕÜ«Ú@,
â◊Ü«∂º`åºQÆ=Ú, JkèHÍ~°=Ú `«QÆ∞æ@, â◊`«$HÍ~åQÍ~°=Ú, =∞<ÀqHõÅ`«fi=Ú, ^≥·#ºã¨fiÉèÏ==Ú Pã¨H˜Î,
"å^Œ„Ѩu"å^Œ=ÚÅ∞, ~À+¨=Ú, ^ÕǨÏÑ‘_», =∂~°Hõ=Ú, q^Õâ◊QÆ=∞#=Ú, ^èŒ#=ºÜ«∞=Ú, Hõà◊„`«Ç¨x "≥ÚII#q.
â◊x : Dâ◊fi~°∞_»∞ , QÆ_»¤=Ú, =Úx, x^•#=Ú, ™È=∞i, J#fl, #=∞‡Hõ"≥∞ÿ# ¿ã=‰õΩ_»∞, "≥∂HÍà◊√§, HÍ~°‡HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞,
™È=∞i, #~åÅ|ÅÇ‘Ï#`«, *Ï~ÚO@∞¡, "≥∂HÍà◊√§ <˘Ñ¨CÅ∞, HõÑ=¨¶ Ú =∞iÜ«Ú "å`«=Ú, Éè’[<åÅQÆk, Ǩϟ=∞=Ú,
hÅ=Ú, J~°∞QÆ∞^ŒÅ, ã¨O™ê~°=Ú, ѨOK«=∞=Ú.
~åǨï=Ù : WO\˜ÃÑ^ŒÌ, <À~°∞, K«„HõO, ~åHõΔã¨∞ʼnõΩ „ѨfHõ, Ñ≤`å=∞Ǩï_»∞, ~åHõΔã¨∞Å=∂=∞, =Úã≤¡O, "≥∂ǨÏO,
MÏm, q^Õj, ã¨sfiã¨∞ "å`«=Ú,^•fi~°=Ú, =ã¨∞Î=ÙÅ∞ ^•z LOK«∞ „Ѩ^Õâ◊O, QÀ"Õ∞kèHõO, HõOѨӺ@~°∞¡, K«„Hõ=Ú
ˆH`«∞ : z#fl "≥O„@Hõ, Ü≥∂y , Ѩq„`«`«, „H˜+¨ì=∞ãπ, q"å^ŒO, ¿ãfiK«Ûù, "≥∂HõΔO, q+¨O, =∞Ǩ`«‡, ^•~°O, "≥·_è»∂~°ºO
HÍÅ=, W~°∞‰õΩ^≥·# „Ѩ^Õâ◊O, „|Ǩχ, QÍÜ«∞=ÚÅ∞, "≥·^ŒºO, =$uÎÖ’ P@OHõ=ÚÅ∞.
Ѩi=~°Î# Ü≥∂QÆO : Éèí K«„HõOÖ’x „QÆǨÏO `«=∞^≥·# ˆHΔ„`«OÖ’ HÍHõ "Õ~˘Hõ „QÆǨÏO Ü≥ÚHõ¯ ˆHΔ„`«OÖ’ LO_ç,
J^Õq^èŒOQÍ =∞~˘Hõ „QÆǨÏO `«# ã¨fiˆHΔ„`«O H͉õΩO_® "Õ~˘Hõ „QÆǨÏO ã¨fiˆHΔ„`«OÖ’ LO_»∞@ =Å# Ô~O_»∞ „QÆǨÅ∞
Ü≥ÚHõ¯ Ѩiã≤÷u XHõi WO\˜H˜ "å~°∞ `å=Ú#fl ˆHΔ„`«OÖ’H˜ ~å=_»O [~°∞QÆ∞#∞. nxx Ѩi=~°Î# Ü≥∂QÆO JO^Œ∞~°∞.

â◊x
K«O„^Œ

WO^Œ∞Ö’ Ô~O_»∞ „QÆǨÅ∞ J#QÍ â◊x, K«O„^Œ∞x WO\˜x, K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ â◊x WO\˜x LO_»∞@ =Å# D
Ô~O_»∞ „QÆǨÅ∞ Ѩi=~°Î#Ü≥∂QÆO HÍqOz â◊x `«# ã¨fiˆHΔ„`«O‰õΩ, K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ `«# ˆHΔ„`«O‰õΩ =∂~°∞Ê K≥O^Œ∞#∞.
- 17 -
 Ǩϟ~å HÍÅ=Ú
Ѩ~åâ◊~° Ѩ^ŒúuÖ’ =$tÛ‰õΩ_»∞ J#QÍ „ѨtflOK«∞ =ºH˜Î ã¨=∞Ü«∞=Ú#∞ P^è•~°=ÚQÍ KÕã¨∞H˘#fl ÅQÆfl=Ú#∞
ÉèíK«„Hõ=ÚÖ’ xi‡Oz *Ï`«Hõ=Ú#∞ q=iOK«∞@ [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok.
W^Õ q^èŒ=ÚQÍ Éèí$QÆ∞<å_ç Ѩ^ŒúuÖ’ „ѨtflOK«∞ =ºH˜Î P ~ÀA Ü≥ÚHõ¯„QÆǨkѨu ã¨=∞Ü«∞=Ú#‰õΩ JkèѨu
W`«~° „QÆǨÅ gHõΔ} "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ·#QÆ∞ q+¨Ü«∂Å ^•fi~å *Ï`«HÍxfl q=iOK«∞@ [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞#flk. J^Õ ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’
=ÚQÆ∞~æ ∞° =º‰õΩÅÎ ∞ „Ѩâfl◊ "Õã#≤ flѨC_»∞ "≥Ú^Œ@ =ºH˜HÎ ˜ P~ÀA U ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’ „ѨtflOKå_À P ã¨=∞Ü«∂xH˜ JkèÑu¨ xfl
P JkèѨu J~Ú# „QÆǨÏO #∞Oz 5= „QÆǨxH˜ ÅQÍflxfl xi‡Oz Ô~O_»= =ºH˜Î Ü≥ÚHõ¯ „Ѩâ◊fl‰õΩ ["å|∞x,
=¸_»==ºH˜ÎH˜ 9= „QÆǨxfl ÅQÆflOQÍ #i‡Oz =¸_»= =ºH˜Î Ü≥ÚHõ¯ „Ѩâ◊fl‰õΩ ã¨=∂^è•#=Ú K≥ѨÊ|_»∞`«∞Ok.
L^• : XHõ =ºH˜Î QÆ∞~°∞"å~°O ™êÜ«∞O„`«O 7QÆOII 30x ʼnõΩ „Ѩâ◊fl"Õ¿ãÎ JѨC_»∞ =∞#O Éèí K«„HõOÖ’QÆ∞~°∞=Ù#∞
ÅQÆflOQÍ ÉèÏqOz Ѷ¨e`«=Ú K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û. J^Õ~ÀA ™êÜ«∞O„`«O 7QÆOII 31x ʼnõΩ =∞~˘Hõ „Ѩâ◊fl "Õã≤#ѨC_»∞
=∞#O QÆ∞~°∞ „QÆǨxfl HÍHõ, QÆ∞~°∞=Ù #∞Oz 5= „QÆǨxfl J~Ú<å |∞^èŒ∞_çH˜ ÅQÆflOQÍ ÉèÏqOz K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û.
=¸_»= =ºH˜Î J^Õ~ÀA ™êÜ«∞O„`«O 7 QÆO@Å 35 xʼnõΩ ã¨OkèOz#ѨC_»∞ =∞#O QÆ∞~°∞=Ù #∞Oz 9=
„QÆǨxfl â◊√„‰õΩx ÅQÆflOQÍ ÉèÏqOz Ѷ¨e`åxfl K≥ѨÊ_»O [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok.
XHõ =ºH˜ÎH˜ [##O, ã¨=∞Ü«∞O „Ѩ^Õâ◊O "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ·# "å\˜QÆ∞iOz `≥eÜ«∞#ѨC_»∞ ^≥·=A˝_≥·# *’ºu+¨μº_»∞
^ŒQÆæ~°‰õΩ =zÛ QÆ∞~°∞=ÙQÍ ÉèÏqOz =zÛ# =$â◊Û‰õΩ#‰õΩ *’ºu+¨μº_»∞ „|Ǩχq^Œº J~Ú<å *’ºu+¨ºO ^•fi~å
(ѨOK«=∞ "Õ^ŒO) *Ï`«HÍxfl q=iOK«_»O [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞flk.
Ǩϟ~åã¨∂„`«=ÚÅ∞ :
1. XHõ =ºH˜Î =zÛ# HÍÅ=Ú#∞ ã¨∂zOK«∞ Ǩϟ~° JkèÑu¨ x ÅQÆflOQÍ ÉèÏqOKåe. Ǩϟ~å JkèÑu¨ H˜ W~°∞"≥Ñ· Ù¨ Å
J#QÍ 2,12 ÅÖ’ â◊√Éèí, Jâ◊√Éèí „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ#∞ K«∂z Ѷ¨e`«O x~å÷iOKåe. Ǩϟ~å JkèѨu `«~°∞"å`«
ˆHΔ„`«O `«#‰õΩ q∞„`« „QÆǨÏO J~Ú# „Ѩâ◊fl#∞ J_çy# =ºH˜Î Ѩx `˘O^Œ~°QÍ <≥~°"Õ~°∞#∞.
2. *Ï`«Hõ=ÚÖ’ /Ǩϟ~åHÍÅ=ÚÖ’ ~åǨï, ˆH`«∞=ÙʼnõΩ ¢ã‘Î „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ J~Ú# |∞^èŒ, â◊√„‰õΩ#‰õΩ, K«O„^Œ∞#‰õΩ
q∞H˜¯e „áê^è•#º`« HõÅ^Œ∞.
3. „Ѩâ◊fl#∞ ã¨∂zOK«∞ Ǩϟ~åkèѨu 2,5,7,9 Ǩϟ~åkèѨ`«∞ʼnõΩ q∞„`«∞_»∞ ÖË^• â◊„`«∞"å J#∞ q+¨Ü«∞O
‰õÄ_® ѨiQÆ}˜OKåe.
4. Ǩϟ~åkèѨu Jã¨ÎOQÆ`«fiO K≥Ok<å_® ÖË^• q∞ye# „QÆǨÅ`À Hõeã≤ L<åfl_»∞ "å\˜ |ÅO#∞ ‰õÄ_®
ѨiQÆ}Ö’H˜ fã¨∞HÀ"åe.
5. Ǩϟ~åkèѨu `«#‰õΩ â◊„`«∞=Ù J~Ú#@∞=O\˜ „QÆǨÅ∞ HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å# |ÅO#∞ H˘O`« HÀÖ’Ê=Ù#∞.
6. Ǩϟ~åkèѨu LK«ÛÖ’ LO_ç `«#‰õΩ â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ∞ J~Ú# „QÆǨÅ`À HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å# `å#∞ `«ÅÃÑ\˜ì# Ѩxx
Jq∞`« Hõ+¨ì=Ú`À <≥~°"Õ~°∞Û#∞.
- 18 -
7. Ǩϟ~åkèѨu `«#‰õΩ q∞„`«∞_»∞, =∞iÜ«Ú â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ`À HõÅã≤#ѨÙ_»∞ *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ Ѩxx ѨÓiÎKÕã≤ JѨxO^ŒÅ∞
áêÅ∞ JQÆ∞#∞.
8. K«O„^Œ∞xH˜ ѨiQÆ}˜OKÕ @ѨÙ_»∞ J=∂"å㨺 K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ (Hõ$+¨‚ѨHõΔO), áœ~°‚q∞K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ (â◊√Hõ¡Ñ¨HõΔO) Jx
ѨijeOKåe. J=∂"å㨺 K«O„^Œ∞_»∞, |ÅÇ‘Ï#OQÍ#∞, áœ~°‚q∞ K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ |ÅOQÍ LO_»∞#∞.
9. XˆH ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’ =ÚQÆ∞æ~°∞ „Ѩâ◊fl"Õã≤#ѨÙ_»∞ "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜"åx „Ѩâ◊fl#∞ Pã¨=∞Ü«∞O Ǩϟ~åkèѨuQÍ#∞, Ô~O_»=
"åx ã¨=∞Ü«∞=∞O^Œ∞ Ǩϟ~åkèѨu #∞Oz 5= Ǩϟ~åkèѨu Ô~O_»= =ºH˜Î „ѨâßflkèѨuQÍ#∞, =¸_»==ºH˜Î
„Ѩâ◊fl‰õΩ "≥Ú^Œ@ Ǩϟ~åkèѨu Ü≥ÚHõ¯ 9= Ǩϟ~åkèѨu =¸_»==ºH˜Î „Ѩâ◊fl‰õΩ JkèѨuQÍ x~°‚~ÚOKåe.
10. Ǩϟ~å JkèѨu LO@∞#fl ~åtÜ≥ÚHõ¯ HÍ~°Hõ`«fi=ÚÅ∞ ‰õÄ_® =∞#O ѨijeOK«=Öˇ#∞.
11. 2,11 JkèѨ`«∞Å#∞ ‰õÄ_® =∞#O ѨiQÆ}#Ö’H˜ fã¨∞H˘#=Öˇ#∞.
12. =∞#O „Ѩâ◊fl ÅQÆflO #∞ "ÕÜ«Ú#ѨÙ_»∞ „Ѩâ◊fl J_çy# =ºH˜Î J_çy# ã¨=∞Ü«∞O, JO^Œ∞Ö’ ~åǨïHÍÅO HÍx
QÆ∞oHõ HÍÅO L#flKÀ „Ѩâ◊fl Ǩϟ~åkèѨuH˜ ~åǨï=Ù‰õΩ QÆÅ q∞„`« / â◊„`«∞ ã¨O|O^èŒO KåÖÏ =ÚYº"≥∞ÿ#k.
13. Ǩϟ~å ÅQÍflkèÑu¨ Ѩi=~°#Î Ü≥∂QÆOÖ’ L#fl^•, =„HõOÖ’ L#fl^•, „QÆÇϨ Ü«Ú^ŒOú Ö’ L#fl^• J#∞ q+¨Ü∞« O#∞
ѨiQÆ}#Ö’H˜ fã¨∞H˘#=Öˇ#∞.
14. Ǩϟ~å JkèѨu KåÖÏ „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ`À HõÅã≤#ѨÙ_»∞ Ǩϟ~å JkèѨuH˜, q∞ye# „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ _ç„wÅ#∞ =∞#O
ѨiQÆ}#Ö’H˜ fã¨∞H˘#=Öˇ#∞.

L^•Ç¨Ï~°} *Ï`«HõO
ˆH

â◊x 17-Sep-1950
K«O„^Œ
~°q, â◊√„Hõ
|∞^èŒ
QÆ∞ ~å ‰õΩA

ÃÑ· *Ï`«HOõ Ö’ XHõ =ºH˜Î QÆ∞~°∞=٠Ǩϟ~åÅÖ’ „Ѩâfl◊ "Õã#≤ ѨÙ_»∞ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù #∞Oz =∞#O, 2,7,5,9 ~åâ◊√ÅÖ’
K«∂z# 2,5,7 ~åâ◊√Å∞ „QÆǨÅ∞ ÖË=Ù. 9= ~åtÖ’ K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ L<åfl_»∞. J#QÍ K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ „Ѩ=∂^•Å‰õΩ
ã¨O|OkèOz#"å_»∞. HÍ=Ù# =zÛ# =ºH˜Î „Ѩ=∂^•Å‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# „Ѩâ◊fl "Õã≤<å_»∞ Jx K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û.

D „H˜Ok Ѩ\ ˜ìHõ ^•fi~å Ǩ~åHÍÖÏxfl qâ◊nHõ~°} K«∂_»=K«∞Û.

- 19 -
 A.M Pk ™È=∞ =∞OQÆà◊ |∞^èŒ QÆ∞~°∞ â◊√„Hõ â◊x P.M Pk ™È=∞ =∞OQÆà◊ |∞^èŒ QÆ∞~°∞ â◊√„Hõ â◊x
6–7 ~°q K«O„^Œ ‰õΩA |∞^èŒ QÆ∞~°∞ â◊√„Hõ â◊x 6–7 QÆ∞~°∞ â◊√„Hõ â◊x ~°q K«O„^Œ ‰õΩA |∞^èŒ
7–8 â◊√„Hõ â◊x ~°q K«O„^Œ ‰õΩA_»∞ |∞^èŒ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù 7–8 ‰õΩ[ |∞^èŒ QÆ∞~°∞ â◊√„Hõ â◊x ~°q K«O„^Œ
8–9 |∞^èŒ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù â◊√„Hõ â◊x ~°q K«O„^Œ ‰õΩA_»∞ 8–9 ~°q K«O„^Œ ‰õΩ[ |∞^èŒ QÆ∞~°∞ â◊√„Hõ â◊x
9–10 K«O„^Œ ‰õΩA_»∞ |∞^èŒ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù â◊√„Hõ â◊x ~°q 9–10 â◊√„Hõ â◊x ~°q K«O„^Œ ‰õΩ[ |∞^èŒ QÆ∞~°∞
10–11 â◊x ~°q K«O„^Œ ‰õΩA_»∞ |∞^èŒ QÆ∞~°∞ â◊√„Hõ 10–11 |∞^èŒ QÆ∞~°∞ â◊√„Hõ â◊x ~°q K«O„^Œ ‰õΩ[
11–12 QÆ∞~°∞ â◊√„Hõ â◊x ~°q K«O„^Œ ‰õΩ[ |∞^èŒ 11–12 K«O„^Œ ‰õΩ[ |∞^èŒ QÆ∞~°∞ â◊√„Hõ â◊x ~°q

- 20 -
12–1 ‰õΩ[ |∞^èŒ QÆ∞~°∞ â◊√„Hõ â◊x ~°q K«O„^Œ 12–1 â◊x ~°q K«O„^Œ ‰õΩ[ |∞^èŒ QÆ∞~°∞ â◊√„Hõ
1–2 ~°q K«O„^Œ ‰õΩ[ |∞^èŒ QÆ∞~°∞ â◊√„Hõ â◊x 1–2 QÆ∞~°∞ â◊√„Hõ â◊x ~°q K«O„^Œ ‰õΩ[ |∞^èŒ
2–3 â◊√„Hõ â◊x ~°q K«O„^Œ ‰õΩ[ |∞^èŒ QÆ∞~°∞ 2–3 ‰õΩ[ |∞^èŒ QÆ∞~°∞ â◊√„Hõ â◊x ~°q K«O„^Œ
3–4 |∞^èŒ QÆ∞~°∞ â◊√„Hõ â◊x ~°q K«O„^Œ ‰õΩ[ 3–4 ~°q K«O„^Œ ‰õΩ[ |∞^èŒ QÆ∞~°∞ â◊√„Hõ â◊x
4–5 K«O„^Œ ‰õΩ[ |∞^èŒ QÆ∞~°∞ â◊√„Hõ â◊x ~°q 4–5 â◊√„Hõ â◊x ~°q K«O„^Œ ‰õΩ[ |∞^èŒ QÆ∞~°∞
5–6 â◊x ~°q K«O„^Œ ‰õΩ[ |∞^èŒ QÆ∞~°∞ â◊√„Hõ 5–6 |∞^èŒ QÆ∞~° â◊√„Hõ â◊x ~°q K«O„^Œ ‰õΩA
 QÀKå~°O
QÀKå~°O J#QÍ QÀ JO>Ë „QÆǨÏ=Ú, Kå~°=Ú J#QÍ K«eOK«∞@ Jx J~°÷=Ú. „Ѩu „QÆǨÏ=Ú#‰õΩ
HõHõΔÅ∞ LO_»∞#∞. Jq „H˜O^Œ q=iOK«|_»∞#∞.
~°q – 1<≥Å ‰õΩA_»∞ – 43 ~ÀAÅ∞
|∞^èŒ∞_»∞ – 1 <≥Å QÆ∞~°∞=Ù – 1 ã¨OII
â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ – 1 <≥Å ~åǨï=Ù – 1½ ã¨OII
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ – 2 ½ ~ÀA ˆH`«∞=Ù – 1½ ã¨OII
â◊x – 2½ ã¨OII
~°q „QÆǨÏO QÀKå~°OÖ’ *Ï`«HõOÖ’ J#QÍ Éèí K«„HõOÖ’ Jk W`«~° „QÆǨÅ g∞^Œ ã¨OK«iOz#ѨÙ_»∞
~°q : q[Ü«∞O, H©iÎ „Ѩu+¨ìÅ∞, JkèHÍ~°∞ÅÖ’ ã¨`üã¨O|O^è•Å∞.
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ : `«O„_çH˜ =∞iÜ«Ú ‰õΩ=∂~°∞xH˜ Z‰õΩ¯= „ѨÜ∂« }ÏÅ∞, K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ hÖÏѨxO^ŒÅ∞ á⁄Ok# "å_»∞ HÍ=Ù#
J^Õ Ñ¶¨e`«=ÚÅ∞ =iÎOK«∞#∞.
‰õΩA_»∞ : ~°H=Îõ Ú#‰õΩ ã¨OÉèOí kèOz# ^ÀëêÅ∞, ™È^Œ~∞° ʼnõΩ J_»O¤ ‰õΩÅ∞, ã¨=∞㨺Å#∞ ™ê=∞~°ãº¨ O`À Ѩi+¨¯iOK«‰Ωõ <Õ
J=HÍâ◊O.
|∞^èŒ∞_»∞ : Éèí∂q∞ ^•fi~å `«O„_ç ã¨Oáê^Œ#, "åºáê~°OÖ’ q[Ü«∞O, q∞„`«∞Å HõÅ~ÚHõ, #∂`«# PÖ’K«#Å∞,
Ѩ~°∞=Ù „Ѩu+¨ª, ã¨=∂[OÖ’x ¿Ñ~°∞QÆÅ =º‰õΩÎÅ`À HõÅ~ÚHõ.
â◊x : #=∞‡HõO HÀÖ’Ê=Ù@, Ѩx *ÏѨºO, XuÎ_ç, Pi÷Hõ W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞, hÖÏѨxO^ŒÅ∞.
~åǨï=Ù : ¿+~°¡Ö’ ÖÏÉèíO, `«O„_çH˜ ™È=∞i`«#O JÅ"å@QÆ∞@
ˆH`«∞=Ù: Ñ≤Å¡Å =Å¡ W|ƒOk, `«O„_ç ^≥·=ã¨OÉèíO^èŒO J~Ú# PÖ’K«#Å∞
1.‰õΩA_»∞ : ‰õΩ[„QÆǨÏO *Ï`«Hõ K«„HõOÖ’ „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ g∞^Œ ã¨OK«iOK«∞#ѨÙ_»∞ =K«∞Û Ñ¶¨e`«O.
~°q : QÆ~fi° O, =¸~°¯`«#O, =∂#ã≤HXõ uÎ_,ç â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ =ÅѨxÖ’ XuÎ_,ç a_»‰¤ Ωõ W|ƒOk, `«O„_çH˜ â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ =Å#
P@OHõO.
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ : xO^Œáê@∞, `«e¡H˜ J<å~ÀQƺ ã¨∂K«#Å∞, ã≤÷~°"≥∞ÿ# PÖ’K«#Å∞ ÖËHõáÈ=Ù@, ™È^Œ~°∞xH˜ Z‰õΩ¯=
„Ѩ=∂^•Å∞.
‰õΩA_»∞ : „Ѩ=∂^•Å∞, Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ â◊s~°OÖ’ â◊H˜Î HõÅ∞QÆ∞@
|∞^èŒ∞_»∞ : â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ =Å# W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞, q„âßOu ÖËHõáÈ=Ù@, =∞#âß≈Ou ÖËHõáÈ=Ù@, Éèí~°Î, |O^èŒ∞=ÙÅÖ’
=∞iÜ«Ú "≥∞ÿ„`«∞Å`À HõÅǨÅ∞.
QÆ∞~°∞=Ù : ~°HõÎ=ÚÖ’ =∂~°∞ÊÅ∞ ÉèÏi XuÎ_ç, Jyfl #∞Oz „Ѩ=∂^ŒO, =¸~°Ûù~ÀQÆO, `˘O^Œ~°áê@∞, =$uÎÖ’
W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞, â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ`À W|ƒOk, Éèí~°Î‰õΩ =∂~°∞ÊÅ∞, =∞Oz ã≤÷u Q“~°=O.

- 21 -
â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ : Éèí~°Î‰õΩ Jxfl q^èŒ=ÚÅ P^•Ü«∞O, |Ü«∞@ #∞Oz =K«∞Û@, |O^èŒ∞=ÙÅ∞, q∞„`«∞Å∞, P_»"åiÖ’
HõÅ~ÚHõÅ∞.
â◊x : =$uÎÖ’ W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞, „Ѩ=∂^•Å∞ =∞iÜ«Ú L#flq áÈQ˘@∞ìH˘#∞@.
~åǨï=Ù : JuHÍ=∞O, ™È^Œ~°∞xH˜ „"å`«Ñ¨x
ˆH`«∞ : JkèHÍ~°O HÀã¨O „áê‰õΩÖÏ_»∞@.
|∞^èŒ∞_»∞ : *Ï`«Hõ K«„HõOÖ’ |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ QÀKå~°OÖ’ ã¨OK«iOK«∞@ =Å# W`«~° „QÆǨÅ ÃÑ· U~°Ê_»∞ „ѨÉèÏ=O.
~°q : `«O„_çH˜ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞OKÕ‰õÄ~°∞@, `«O„_çH˜ Éèí∂=ÚÅ ^•fi~å P^•Ü«∞O á⁄O^Œ∞@.
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞: HõàÏ`«‡HõO QÍ ÖÏÉèíO, xO^ŒÅ∞, x~åHõ~°}, „Ѩܫ∂}O.
‰õΩA_»∞ : q∞„`«∞Å∞ =∞iÜ«Ú ™È^Œ~°∞Å =∞^茺 q"å^ŒO,|O^èŒ∞=ÙÅ∞ =∞iÜ«Ú ™È^Œ~°∞Å Éèí∂=ÚÅÖ’ q"å^•Å∞,
Éèí~°Î, `«# Ü≥ÚHõ¯ ¿ãflÇ≤Ï`«∞Åx HõÅ∞ã¨∞H˘#∞@.
|∞^èŒ∞_»∞ : JxflO\Ï ã¨O|O^•Å∞ J#∞‰õÄÅOQÆ LO_»∞@, ã¨=∞㨺Å#∞ K«Hõ¯QÍ Ñ¨i+¨¯iOK«∞H˘#∞@.
QÆ∞~°∞=Ù : QÆ∞~°∞=Ù ^•fi~å P^•Ü«∞O, q"ÕHõO, q*Ï˝#O, ¿Ñ~°∞QÆÅ =º‰õΩÎÅ HõÅ~ÚHõ, P_»"å~°∞ `«=∞ Éèí~°ÎHõ#fl
Z‰õΩ¯= "Õˆ~ =º‰õΩÎÅ#∞ Jaè=∂xOK«∞@, z#fl"åiH˜ |Ü«∞@ =º‰õΩÎÅ #∞Oz ã¨Ç¨ÏHÍ~°O.
â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ : Éèí∂=ÚÅ ^•fi~å ^èŒ<å^•Ü«∞O, WO\˜ ^•fi~å ^èŒ<å^•Ü«∞O, ã¨∞YO, ã¨O`À+¨O, =∞Oz "å~°ÎÅ∞.
â◊x : "åºáê~° Ѩ~O° QÍ P^•Ü«∞=Ú, =∞Oz Ѷe¨ `åÅ∞, Éè∂í =ÚÅ ^•fi~å q∞„`«∞Å ^•fi~å P^•Ü«∂Å∞, ™È=∞i`«#O.
~åǨï=Ù : =∞Oz K«`«∞~°`«, ǨωõΩ¯, ™È^Œ~° ã¨=∂#∞ʼnõΩ J<å~ÀQƺO.
ˆH`«∞=Ù : q^ŒºÖ’ P@HõO, Éèí∂=ÚÅ q=~åÅ∞, =∞Oz ã¨=∞Ü«∞O HÍ^Œ∞.
2. *Ï`«Hõ K«„Hõ=ÚÖ’ qq^èŒ „QÆǨÅ g∞^Œ QÀKå~°OÖ’ K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ „Ѩ"ÕtOz#flѨC_»∞ =K«∞Û Ñ¶¨e`åÅ∞ :
~°q : `«O„_çH˜ J==∂<åÅ∞ =∞iÜ«Ú P^•Ü«∞O `«~°K«∞ „Ѩܫ∂}ÏÅ∞, `«e¡H˜ P`«‡Ãã·÷~°ºO KÕ‰õÄ~°∞@ =∞iÜ«Ú
ã¨iJ~Ú# x~°‚Ü«∞O fã¨∞H˘#ÖËHõáÈ=Ù@.
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ : „Ѩܫ∂}ÏÅ∞ JkèHõO, ¢ã‘ÎÅ`À HõÅ~ÚHõ, `«e¡H˜ JѨ"å^ŒO.
‰õΩA_»∞ : ™È^Œ~°∞#‰õΩ `«~°K«∞ „Ѩܫ∂}ÏÅ∞ =∞iÜ«Ú *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ ~°HõÎ=Ú#‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞,
=∂#ã≤Hõ XuÎ_ç `˘O^Œ~°áê@∞, x~°‚Ü«∞O fã¨∞H˘#ÖËHõáÈ=Ù@, `«e¡H˜ J<å~ÀQƺO, K≥_»∞ =º‰õΩÎÅ`À ѨiK«Ü«∂Å∞.
|∞^èŒ∞_»∞ : q∞„`«∞Å =Å#, |O^èŒ∞=ÙÅ =Å#, Hõx+¨ì ™È^Œ~°∞Å∞ =Å#, =∂=∞QÍi =Å#, ÉÏ==∞ik =Å#,
Éè∂í q∞H˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# "å\˜H˜ JѨxO^ŒÅ∞ ~å=Ù@ ¿ãflÇ≤Ï`«∞~åÖˇ#· ¢ãÅΑ =Å¡ zH͉õΩÅ∞ HõàÏ`«‡Hõ"∞≥ #ÿ PÖ’K«#Å∞
=∞#ã¨∞ûÖ’ ~å=Ù@.
QÆ∞~°∞=Ù: WÅ∞¡ =ke "Õˆ~ „Ѩ^Õâ◊=Ú#‰õΩ áÈ=Ù@, HõxÑ≤OK«x â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ`À áÈ~å_»∞@, `«e¡H˜ ^≥·=ÉèíH˜Î. [Å∞|∞,
^ŒQÆ∞æ =Å¡ J<å~ÀQƺ=Ú.
â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ : ÉèÏ~°º‰õΩ J<å~ÀQƺ=Ú, =∂#ã≤Hõ JâßOu, J#=ã¨~°Ñ¨Ù Y~°∞ÛÅ∞ xÜ«∞O„uOK«∞HÀÖËHõáÈ@O W^Õ
ã¨OѶ¨∞@#Å∞, *Ï`«‰õΩx JHõ¯‰õΩ, ‰õΩ=∂Ô~Î, HÀ_»Å∞ "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ·# "åiH˜ ÃÑ· ã¨OѶ¨∞@Å#∞ `«~°K«∂ K«∂_»=K«∞Û#∞.
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â◊x : =$uÎÖ’ |kbÅ∞ =∞iÜ«Ú J==∂#Hõ~°"≥∞ÿ# Ѩiã≤÷`«∞Å∞ J#flQÍiH˜ `«~°K«∞ „Ѩܫ∂}ÏÅ∞. `«e¡QÍiH˜
HÍà◊§‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞.
~åǨï=Ù : `«e¡QÍ~°∞ =∂#ã≤Hõ ã≤÷u W|ƒOkH˜ QÆ∞i HÍ=_»O, *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ „Ѩܫ∂}ÏÅ∞ =Å¡ H˘`«Î =º‰õΩÎÅ`À
ѨiK«Ü«∂Å∞ U~°Ê_ç `«^•fi~å ÖÏaèOK«_»O [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok.
C: (|∞^èŒ „QÆǨÏO QÆ∞iOz áê~î°‰õΩÅ∞ q^Œº‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# qÉèÏQÆOÖ’ K«iÛOz L<åfl#∞).
ˆH`«∞=Ù : ^≥·= zO`«#, Ѩq„`« #n ™êfl<åÅ∞, `«e¡QÍiH˜ P~ÀQƺO ^≥|ƒu#fl_»O.
3. QÆ∞~°∞=Ù „QÆǨÏO QÀKå~°OQÍ *Ï`«Hõ K«„HõOÖ’ qq^èŒ „QÆǨÅ g∞^Œ ã¨OK«iOz#ѨC_»∞ U~°Ê_»∞ Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞:–
~°q : ¿Ñ~°∞ „ѨMϺ`«Å∞ L#fl`« =º‰õΩÎÅ`À ѨiK«Ü«∂Å∞, =∞Oz h_» L#fl =º‰õΩÎÅ ^•fi~å ã¨Ç¨ÏHÍ~°O, *Ï`«‰õΩx
H©iÎ „Ѩu+¨ìÅ∞ ã¨=∂[OÖ’ "åºÑ≤OK«∞@.
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ : ¢ã‘ÎÅ`À ѨiK«Ü«∂Å∞, ǨÏ~îå`«∞Î „Ѩܫ∂}ÏÅ∞, `«`ü^•fi~å P^•Ü«∞O =K«∞Û J=HÍâ◊O.
‰õΩA_»∞ : ~°HõÎ ã¨O|Onè‰õΩÅ`À HõÅ~ÚHõ "˘uÎ_ç =Å¡# a.Ñ≤. Z‰õΩ¯= J=_»O. "≥ÚO_ç`«#O, `˘O^Œ~åáê@∞, z#fl
z#fl `«ÑÊ≤ ^•Å∞ =Å¡ =$uÎÖ’ ÃÑ^ŒÌ z‰õΩ¯Å‰õΩ ^•i fÜ«Ú@. *Ï`«‰Ωõ x â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ∞, `«# ¿ãflÇ≤Ï`«∞Å#∞ P^ŒiOK«∞@Ü«∞
L+¨‚=Ú, "Õ_ç =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞, ã¨÷Å =∂~°∞Ê =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ P^•Ü«∞O.
|∞^èŒ∞_»∞ : ^≥·=ã¨O|Okè`« HÍ~åºÜ«∂Å∞ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ q*Ï˝#O "Õ^•ÅÖ’x =∞Oz q+¨Ü«∂Å∞ *Ï`«‰õΩx <À@ q#_»O.
P_»"å~°∞ Hõ#∞Hõ J~Ú`Õ KÕã≤# `«Ñ¨CʼnõΩ Ñ¨âßÛ`åÎѨ Ѩ_»_»O. P"≥∞ `«# ã¨=∞Ü«∞=Ú#∞ "Õ∞Å∞ HÀ~°∞ =º‰õΩÎʼnõΩ
ˆH\Ï~ÚOK«∞#∞. ‰õΩ@∞O|OÖ’ z#fl"å~°∞H˜ Jxfl q^èŒ=ÚÅ∞QÍ P#O^•Ü«∞‰õΩxQÍ LO_»∞#∞.
â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ : ã≤i ã¨OѨ^ŒÅ∞ ÃÇÏK«∞Û HÍ=Ù@, ÉèÏ~°º`À z#fl z#fl JѨ~åú=ÚÅ∞. JO^Œ"≥∞ÿ<å =ã¨∞Î=ÙÅ#∞ H˘#∞@
*Ï`«‰õΩx ÉèÏ~°º Ǩϟ=∞=ÚÅ#∞ ^•x xifiÇ≤ÏOK«∞ =º‰õΩÎÅ#∞ HõÅ∞ѨÙ@.
â◊x : =$uÎÖ’ =∂~°∞Ê =∞iÜ«Ú P^•Ü«∞=Ú L#fl`« Ѩ^=Œ ÙÅ∞. "å`åxH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# W|ƒO^Œ∞Å#∞ ã¨=∂[OÖ’
ÃÑ^ŒÌ =º‰õΩÎÅ`À ѨiK«Ü«∂Å∞.
~åǨï=Ù : *Ï`«‰õΩ#‰õΩ =∂#ã≤Hõ PO^Àà◊#, "≥ÚO_ç`«#O „áê}Ǩx, â◊s~åxH˜ Z‰õΩ¯= <˘Ñ¨CÅ∞ ÉÏkèOK«∞@
q^Õj „Ѩܫ∂}ÏÅ∞, zHõ¯\˜ „ѨѨOK«OÖ’ LO_çáÈÜ«∂=Ú Jx ÉèÏ=#.
ˆH`«∞=Ù : ^≥·=zO`«# =∞iÜ«Ú â◊√ÉèíHÍ~°º=ÚÅ∞ x~°fiÇ≤ÏOK«∞ ‰õΩ`«∂ǨÏÅ=Ú, "≥∂HõΔ™ê^èŒ# HÀã¨O Ѩi`«Ñ≤ÊOK«_»O
#O`å ã¨O|OkèOz# |ÅÇ‘Ï#`«. Ѩq„`«"≥∞ÿ# =º‰õΩÎÅÖ’ HõÅ~ÚHõ.
4. â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ : *Ï`«Hõ K«„HõOÖ’ L#fl „QÆǨÅ g∞^Œ QÀKå~°OÖ’ L#fl â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ ã¨OK«iOKÕ@ѨC_»∞ Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞.
~°q : *Ï`«‰Ωõ _»∞ Pi÷Hõ W|ƒO^Œ∞ʼnõΩ QÆ∞iHÍ=_»O, *Ï`«‰Ωõ x ÉèÏ~°º J<å~ÀQƺO QÆ∞iHÍ=_»O. HõO\˜H˜ ã¨O|OkèOz#
ã¨=∞㨺Å∞, ǨÏ$^ŒÜ«∂xH˜.
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ : *Ï`«‰Ωõ _»∞ ^è#Œ ÖËq∞ =Å¡# Pi÷Hõ W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞ QÆ∞iHÍ=Ù@. Pi÷Hõ "˘uÎ_ç =Å# *Ï`«‰Ωõ _»∞ q"å^•ÅÖ’H˜
"≥à◊√§@. *Ï`«‰õΩx ÉèÏ~°º‰õΩ |∞∞`«∞ã¨O|O^èŒ"≥∞ÿ# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ ã¨OÉèíqOK«∞@ "≥∂ã¨Ñ¨Ó~°Hõ"≥∞ÿ# =º‰õΩÎÅ`À ѨiK«Ü«∞O
KÕã¨∞H˘#∞@.
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‰õΩA_»∞: *Ï`«‰õΩx Éèí~°Î=Å# Pi÷HõOQÍ Z^Œ∞QÆ∞^ŒÅ ~°HõÎã¨O|Okè`«O, Pi÷HÍaè=$kú ǨÏ~îå`«∞Î x~°‚Ü«∂Å =Å¡
„Ѩ=∂^•Å∞.
|∞^èŒ∞_»∞ : Éèí∂q∞ J=∞‡Hõ=Ú =Å# xkè ^˘iˆH J=HÍâ◊O "å~°ã¨`«fiѨ٠Pã≤ÎQÍ WÅ∞¡ =K«∞Û J=HÍâ◊O. q*Ï˝#O
J~Ú# =º‰õΩÎÅÖ’ ѨiK«Ü«∂Å∞ ã¨O`À+¨O, ã¨O|~åÅ∞ [~°∞QÆ∞@.
QÆ∞~°∞=Ù : ÉèÏ~°º‰õΩ Jxfl q^è•ÖÏ J#∞‰õÄÅ ã¨=∞Ü«∞O. *Ï`«‰Ωõ xH˜ Pi÷Hõ ã≤~÷ `° fi« O, =$uÎÖ’ ã¨O`À+¨O. `«O„_çQÍiH˜
J<å~ÀQƺO, `«e¡H˜ Hõá¶êxfl ã¨O|OkèOz W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞. `«e¡^ŒO„_»∞ʼnõΩ Pi÷Hõ W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞. P_»"åi *Ï`«HõOÖ’
Éèí~°Î‰õΩ, ™È^Œ~°∞#‰õΩ, Ñ≤xfl `«O„_çH˜ P^•Ü«∞O =∞iÜ«Ú ÃÑ· K≥Ñ≤Ê# =º‰õΩÎÅ∞ HÀáêxfl xÜ«∞O„uOK« ÖËHõáÈ=Ù@.
â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ : ¢ã‘ÎÅ`À ѨiK«Ü«∂Å∞ ‰õÄ`«∞~°∞#‰õΩ HÀ_»Å‰õΩ, JHõ¯QÍiH˜ â◊√ÉèíHõ~°"≥∞ÿ# ã¨OQÆ`«∞Å∞ QÀK«iOK«∞@
q∞„`«∞Å#∞Oz ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞ ã¨Ç¨HÍ~åºÅ∞ JO^Œ∞@ Éèí~°Î`À, ™È^Œix`À zH͉õΩÅ∞, J`«ÎQÍi`À =∞#ã¨Ê~°÷Å∞, Jr~°‚O.
â◊x : ÉèÏ~°º ^•fi~å ¿ãflÇ≤Ï`«∞~åÅ ^•fi~å ^èŒ#O P^•Ü«∞O. ‰õΩ@∞O|O H˘~°‰õΩ ã¨=∞Ü«∞O ˆH\Ï~ÚOK«∞@.
=∂=∞QÍi Ü≥ÚHõ¯ ‰õΩ@∞O|OÖ’ ѨO_»∞QÆÅ∞, ã¨O|~åÅ∞, =$uÎÖ’ Pi÷Hõ "˘_ç^Œ∞_»∞‰õΩÅ∞, ÉèÏ~°º ™È=∞iQÍ
„Ѩ=iÎOK«∞@, H©à◊§‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞.
ˆH`«∞=Ù : Pi÷Hõ W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞, WO\˜H˜ ã¨O|OkèOz q"å^Œ=ÚÅ∞, QÆ~°ƒù=uQÍ L#fl P_»"åiH˜ QÆ~°ƒù„™ê==Ú
ã¨O™ê~° ™œYº=Ú ^Œ∂~°=Ú, ‰õΩ@∞O|OÖ’ P_»"å~°∞ ÅHõΔ º™ê^èŒ# HÀã¨O „Ѩܫ∞uflOzOk.
~åǨï=Ù : ã¨=∂[OÖ’ _»|∞ƒQÆÅ =ºH˜ÎÅÖ’ ã¨xflÇ≤Ï`« ã¨O|O^è•Å∞, <åÅ∞QÆ∞ K«„Hõ=ÚÅ "åǨÏ#=Ú H˘#∞QÀÅ∞
KÕÜ«Ú J=HÍâ◊=Ú. "Õˆ~ ¢ã‘ÎÅÖ’ J„Hõ=∞ ã¨O|O^è•Å U~°ÊK«∞H˘#∞@.
5. qq^èŒ ~åâ◊√ÅÖ’ „QÆǨÅ g∞^Œ QÀKå~°O â◊x ã¨OK«iOz#ѨC_»∞ U~°Ê_»∞ Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞:–
~°q : =$uÎÖ’ J#∞‰õÄÅ`« `«QÆ∞æ@, =$uÎH˜ <åºÜ«∞O KÕÜ«∞ÖËHõáÈ=Ù@ JkèHÍ~åÅÖ’ `«O„_ç ã¨=∂#∞ÅÖ’ Ѩ~°ã¨Ê~°
qÉèË^è•Å∞ HõO\˜H˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞. J#flQÍiH˜ =$uÎÖ’ ™ê#∞‰õÄÅ`«.
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ : =$uÎÖ’ |ke =∞iÜ«Ú xO^ŒÅ∞ J#=ã¨~°Ñ¨Ù Y~°∞ÛÅ∞. =∂#ã≤Hõ XuÎ_ç `«e¡QÍi ~°HõÎÇ‘Ï#`«
‰õΩA_»∞ : =$uÎÖ’ Jxfl ~°HÍÅ J==∂<åÅ∞, qÉèË^è•Å∞, ã¨O™ê~°OÖ’ z‰õΩ¯Å∞, Jxfl ~°HÍÅ Y~°∞ÛÅ∞, HÍà◊§‰õΩ
ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞. "å~°ã¨`«fiѨ٠Pã≤ÎH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# ^•Ü«∂^Œ∞Å`À qÉèË^•Å∞.
|∞^èŒ∞_»∞ : "åºáê~° Ѩ~°OQÍ Jxfl q^è•ÖÏ J#∞‰õÄÅO Éèí∂q∞ ^•fi~å P^•Ü«∞O, q∞„`«∞Å =Å#, Hõx+¨μªÅ =Å#
Jxfl ~°HÍÅ „áÈ`åûǨÏO, ™È=∞i`«#O, ~°u x~°fiǨÏ} ã¨=∂[O `«QÆ∞æ@.
QÆ∞~°∞=Ù : =$uÎÖ’ L#flu Ǩϟ^• ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞@ `«^•fi~å ¿Ñ~°∞ „Ѩu+¨ìÅ∞ ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞@, ‰õΩA_»∞ QÆ#∞Hõ â◊xH˜ 7=
WO\˜Ö’ L#fl@∞¡ J~Ú`Õ P L#fl`« Ǩϟ^•#∞ â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ∞ J_»∞¤H˘#∞@ [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ L#fl@∞¡ J~Ú`Õ
=$uÎÖ’ |kb [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞#flk.

â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ : WO\˜Ö’ Pi÷Hõ W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞ `˘ÅQÆ∞@, â◊√ÉèíHÍ~åºÅ∞ x~°fiÇ≤ÏOK«∞@ q∞„`«∞Å ^•fi~å Pi÷Hõ ã¨Ç¨ÏHÍ~°O
á⁄O^Œ∞@.
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ˆH`«∞=Ù : JkèHÍ~°∞Å "ÕkèOѨÙÅ∞, =$uÎÖ’ z‰õΩ¯Å∞, pH͉õΩÅ∞, =$uÎx =ke"ÕÜ«∂Å<Õ ÉèÏ"å"Õâ◊# QÆ∞~°∞=ÙHÍx,
â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ QÍx K«∂ѨÙÖËHõ áÈ`Õ L#fl =$uÎ áÈ`«∞Ok. ˆH`«∞=Ù g∞^Œ ‰õΩA_»∞QÍx, K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ ^Œ$+≤ì L#fl =$uÎÖ’
|kb J~Ú JHõ¯_» =º‰õΩÎÅ ^•fi~å =$uÎx =ke"ÕÜ«∞_»O [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞#flk. Éèí∂q∞H˜ ã¨O|OkèOz q"å^•Å∞.
~åǨï=Ù : =$uÎH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz ^Œ∂~°"≥∞ÿ# „Ѩ^ÕâßʼnõΩ "≥o§áÈ=Ù@. q^Õj =º‰õΩÎÅ`À ѨiK«Ü«∂Å∞. =Úã≤¡=ÚÅ`À
ã¨O|O^è•Å∞ K«^Œ∞=Ù‰õΩ ã¨O|O^èŒO ÖËx =$uÎx KÕѨ@∞ì@.
6. *Ï`«HõOÖ’ ~åtÖ’x qq^èŒ „QÆǨÅ g∞^Œ QÀKå~°OÖ’ ~åǨï=Ù ã¨OK«iOz#ѨC_»∞ U~°Ê_»∞ Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞ :–
~°q : `«O„_çH˜ x~å^Œ~}° , Ñ≤ÅÅ¡ ‰õΩ W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞, J<å~ÀQƺO, ǨÏ$^ŒÜ∂« xH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞, Ñ≤`å=∞ǨïxH˜
JkèHÍ~°∞Å`À qÉèË^è•Å∞.
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ : =∂#ã≤Hõ, â◊s~°Hõ, PO^Àà◊Å#∞, J=∞‡QÍiH˜ J<å~ÀQƺO, KÕ`«|_»∞Å „ѨÉèÏ=O K«∂_»=K«∞Û#∞.
‰õΩAÅ∞ : „Ѩ=∂^•Å∞, QÆO_»=ÚÅ∞, ~°HõÎÇ‘Ï#`«, ™È^ŒixH˜ *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ =∞^茺 qÉèË^è•Å∞.
|∞^è∞Œ _»∞ : `≥eqQÆÅ J=∂‡~Ú, =∂@HÍix ÃÑo§KÕã∞¨ HÀ=_»O, ¿ãflÇ≤Ï`«∞ʼnõΩ W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞, ™È^ŒiH˜‰Äõ _® W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞,
K«~°‡ ã¨O|OkèOz# "åº^èŒ∞Å∞ =ã¨∞Î=ÙÅ∞ =Å¡ P^•Ü«∞O.
QÆ∞~°∞=Ù : *Ï`«‰õΩx =ÚY=ÚÖ’ ÉèíÜ«∞Hõ=eHõÅ∞, Hõ~°‡ „Hõ`«∞=ÙÅ x~°fiÇ≤ÏOK«∞@, Ǩϟ=∞O, =Ú‰õΩ¯ g∞^Œ QÆ∞~°∞ÎÅ∞.
â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ : =K«∞Û P^•Ü«∞OÖ’ QÆO_ç J#fl ~°HÍÅ ™œYº=ÚÅ∞ ã¨=∞‰õÄ~°∞@, Pã¨∞ÎÅ qÅ∞=Å∞ ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞@, J„Hõ=∞
ã¨O|O^èŒO, ÉèÏ~°ºH˜, JHõ¯H˜ =ÚY=Ú#‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞.
â◊x : hK« HÍ~åºÅ∞ `«`ü^•fi~å ^èŒ# ã¨Oáê^Œ#, ‰õÄ$~° =∞#ã¨÷`«fiO =º‰õΩÎÅÖ’ ã¨Ç¨Ï"åã¨O, =ã¨∞Î=ÙÅ∞ H˘#∞@,
™È=∞i`«#O.
~åǨï=Ù : J^èŒ=∞ Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞, Hõ_»∞ѨىõΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞, =Úã≤¡=ÚÅ`À ѨiK«Ü«∂Å∞
ˆH`«∞=Ù : =∞`« ã¨O|O^èŒ"≥∞ÿ# Ѩ#∞ʼnõΩ J_»¤O‰õΩÅ∞, QÆO_»=ÚÅ∞.
7. ˆH`«∞=Ù „QÆǨÏO ~åtK«„HõOÖ’x qq^èŒ „QÍǨÏÅ g∞^Œ QÀKå~°OÖ’ ã¨OK«iOz#ѨC_»∞ U~°Ê_»∞ Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞:–
~°q : `«O„_çH˜ f~°÷Ü«∂„`« ã¨O^Œ~°≈#O, „ѨÉèí∞`«fi ™ê#∞‰õÄÅ`«, a_»¤ ^≥·= Hõ$Ѩ‰õΩ áê„`«∞_»QÆ∞@.
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ : `«`«fi"Õ`«Î‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# PÖ’K«#Å∞, Ѩq„`« #n[ÖÏÅ∞ ã¨O^Œ~°≈#O, ^•"åÅ∞, `«e¡QÍiH˜ Ѩq„`«
HÍ~åºÅ∞ =∞iÜ«Ú J<å~ÀQƺO. *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ =∂#ã≤Hõ PO^Àà◊#Å∞ `«`ü^•fi~å W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞.
‰õΩA_»∞ : ™È^Œ~°∞x`À q"å^•Å∞, ¢ã‘Î *Ï`«HõOÖ’ Éèí~°Î‰õΩ q"å^•Å∞. ¢ã‘Î *Ï`«HõOÖ’ ‰õΩA_»∞ ÉÏQÍÖËHõáÈ`Õ
H“â◊=ÚOk#Ü≥∂QÆO (J#QÍ "≥·^èŒ=º=Ú) WO\˜Ö’ =O@‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz HÍ~°ºHõÖÏáêÅ∞ x~°fiiÎOK«ÖËHõáÈ=_»O.
JkèHõ L+¨‚=Ú.
|∞^èŒ∞_»∞ : K«~°‡~ÀQÍÅ∞, =∂=∞QÍi`À q"å^•Å∞, H˘`«Î q+¨Ü«∂Å∞ <Õ~°∞ÛHÀQÆÅ JaèÖÏ+¨ *Ï˝Ñ¨Hõâ◊H˜Î ã¨#‡yÅ∞¡@.
á⁄ÖÏxH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# q+¨Ü«∂ÅÖ’ Pã¨H˜Î. ˆH`«∞=Ù‰õΩ ‰õΩA_»∞ ã¨O|O^èŒO LO>Ë =º=™êÜ«∞ ã¨O|O^èŒ"≥∞ÿ#
q"å^•Å∞. „¿Ñ=∞ =º=Ǩ~°OÖ’ z‰õΩ¯Å∞. ˆH`«∞=ÙH˜ ~°q ã¨OÉèíO^èŒO LO>Ë *ˇO_® Ü≥∂QÆO.

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QÆ∞~°∞=Ù : `«`«fi"Õ`«Î‰õΩ ã¨OÉèíOkèOz# ÅHõΔ}ÏÅÖ’ X_ç^Œ∞_»∞‰õΩÅ∞. â◊s~°Hõ „â◊^Œú #tOK«∞@, „áêѨOzHõ q+¨Ü«∂Å
g∞^Œ „â◊^Œú `«QÆæ_»O, #~åÅ |ÅÇ‘Ï#`«, J<å~ÀQƺO.
â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ : ÉèÏ~°º‰õΩ, JHõ¯‰õΩ, Pi÷Hõ =∂#ã≤Hõ W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞ P_»"åi =ÚO^Œ∞ =Ú^•Ì~ÚQÍ xÅ|_»_»O, ã¨O™ê~°OÖ’
XuÎ_ç. WO\˜ q+¨Ü«∂ÅÖ’ q"å^•Å∞.
â◊x : =$uΠѨ@¡ J<åâ◊H,Î̃ Z‰õΩ¯= ÃãÅ=Ù HÀ~°∞H˘#∞@, ѨiǨ~°O H˘~°‰Ωõ ѨÙ}ºˆH„Δ `«O ã¨O^Œ~≈° # Jxfl ã¨=∂#∞Å`À
hÖÏѨxO^ŒÅ∞. L^ÕÌâ◊O, HÀiHõ ÖËHõ áÈ=Ù@
~åǨï=Ù : „áêѨOzHõ q+¨Ü«∂ÅÖ’ J<åâ◊H˜Î, W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞
ˆH`«∞=Ù : ‰õΩ@∞O|OÖ’ Jáê~å÷Å∞ `«`ü^•fi~å z‰õΩ¯Å∞, W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞.
Ѷ¨e`« qÉèÏQÍ=Ú :–
*Ï`«Hõ=Ú P^è•~°=ÚQÍ Ñ¶¨e`«=Ú x~°‚~ÚOK« =Å##fl D „H˜Ok q+¨Ü«∂Å∞ QÆ∞iÎOK«∞HÀ"åe.
„QÆÇ¨ Å∞ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ |Å=Ú, ã¨fiK«ÛHù̂ „Δ `«O, q∞„`«Hˆ „Δ `«O `«~∞° "å`« LK«Ûù Hˆ „Δ `«O ^•fi~å |ÖÏxfl `≥Å∞ã¨∞H˘#=K«∞Û.
„QÆǨÅ∞ ÃÑ· `≥ÅѨ|_ç#q L#flѨÊ\˜H˜ „QÆǨÏ=Ú#‰õΩ =ÚO^Œ∞, "≥#∞Hõ, â◊„`«∞=Ù „QÆǨÅ∞ LO>Ë Ñ¶¨e`åxfl
W=fi*ÏÅ=Ù.
áêѨ „QÆǨÏ=Ú Ô~O_»∞ â◊√Éèí„QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ =∞^茺 |Okè J~Ú#ѨC_»∞ áêѨ Ѷ¨e`«=Ú =∞iÜ«Ú â◊√Éèí Ѷ¨e`«=Ú
W=fiÖËx Ѩiã≤÷uÖ’ LO_»∞#∞.
r
â◊√Éèí „QÆǨÏ=Ú Ô~O_»∞ áêѨ „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ =∞^茺֒ |Okè J~Ú#ѨC_»∞ â◊√Éèí Ѷ¨e`«=Ú W=Ùfi@‰õΩ H˘O`«
z‰õΩ¯Å∞ U~°Ê_»∞#∞.
áêѨ „QÆÇϨ =Ú =„H˜Oz# „QÆÇϨ =Ú#‰õΩ ~Ô O_»∞= WO\˜Ö’ L#flѨC_»∞ "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ WO@ ~åtÖ’<Õ Ñ¶e¨ `«=ÚÅ∞
â◊√ÉèíHõ~°OQÍ LO_»=Ù.
XHõ „QÆǨÏ=Ú#‰õΩ =ÚO^Œ∞ "≥#∞Hõ Wà◊§Ö’ „QÆǨÖË HÍHõ P „QÆǨÏO #∞Oz 7= ~åtÖ’x „QÆǨÏO`À =∞Oz
ã¨O|O^è•Å∞O>Ë =∞Oz Ѷ¨e`«O K≥_»¤ ã¨O|O^è•Å∞O>Ë K≥_»¤ Ѷ¨e`«O WK«∞Û#∞.
XHõ „QÆǨÏO LK«Ûù á⁄Ok#flѨÊ\˜H˜ ^•xx 2,12,5,7 Wà◊§Ö’ U „QÆǨÅ∞ ÖË#ѨC_»∞, P „QÆǨÅ∞ WK«∞Û
Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞ `«‰õΩ¯=ÙQÍ LO_»∞#∞.
XHõ „QÆǨÏO hK« á⁄Ok#ѨC_»∞ ^•xH˜ 2,12,5,7 Wà◊§Ö’ U „QÆǨÅ∞ ÖËxѨC_»∞ P „QÆǨÅ∞ WK«∞Û
Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞ `«‰õΩ¯=ÙQÍ LO_»∞#∞.
ÃÑ· K≥ѨÊ|_ç# „QÆǨʼnõΩ 2,12,5,7 Wà◊§Ö’ „QÆǨÅ∞ ÖËxѨÊ\˜H˜ Ѩi=iÎ# Ü≥∂QÆO =Å¡# P „QÆǨÏO
=∞Oz Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞ WK«∞Û#∞.
Ѩi=iÎ# K≥Ok# „QÆÇϨ O ~°q =Å¡ Jã¨OÎ QÆ`fi« O á⁄Ok`Õ Ñ¶e¨ `åÅÖ’ KåÖÏ Éè^Ë =Œè Ú LO@∞Ok. Jã¨OÎ QÆ`fi« O
=Å# â◊√Éèí„QÆǨÅ∞, áêѨ „QÆǨÅ∞ `«=∞ ѨÓiΠѶ¨e`åÅ#∞ ~Ú=fi*ÏÅ=Ù.

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=„Hõ`«fi=O =Å# LK«Ûùá⁄Ok# „QÆǨÏO Ѷ¨e`«OÖ’ LK«Ûùá⁄Ok# „QÆǨÏO Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞ WK«∞Û#∞.
=„Hõ`«Î fiO =Å# „QÆǨÏO LK«Ûùá⁄Ok ^•xH˜ 2,7,5,12 Wà◊§Ö’ „QÆǨÅ∞ ÖË#ѨC_»∞, P „QÆǨÏO ѨÓiÎ
Ѷ¨e`«O W=fi*ÏÅ^Œ∞.
XHõ „QÆǨxH˜ 12= WO@ áêѨ„QÆǨÏO LO_ç, P áêѨ„QÆǨÏO =„Hõ`«fiO á⁄Ok#ѨC_»∞, PáêѨ „QÆǨÏO
Ü≥ÚHõ¯ „ѨÉèÏ=O ÃÑ· K≥ѨÊ|_ç# â◊√Éèí „QÆǨÏOg∞^Œ LO_»^Œ∞.
Ô~O_»∞ „QÆǨÅÖ’ XHõ¯\˜ Z‰õΩ¯= _ç„wÅ∞ LO_ç, =∞~˘Hõ¯\˜ `«‰õΩ¯= _ç„wÅ∞ QÆuOz XˆH~åtÖ’ Hõe~ÚHõ
L#flѨC_»∞, Z‰õΩ¯= _ç„wÅ L#fl „QÆǨÏO =„Hõ`«fiO JO^Œ∞Ö’ LO_Õ JO^Œ∞Ö’ ‰õÄ_® =∞#O =„Hõ`«fi=Ú<Õ
K«∂_®Å<Õ HÍh, „QÆǨÏO Z‰õΩ¯= _ç„wÅ∞ QÆuOz#^Œx Ѷ¨e`«O K«∂_»‰õÄ_»^Œ∞.
Ô~O_»∞ „QÆǨÅ∞ Ѩi=~°Î# Ü≥∂QÆOÖ’ XHõ „QÆǨÏO hK« á⁄Ok#ѨC_»∞, P „QÆǨxH˜ 2,12,5,7 WO\˜Ö’
P „QÆǨxH˜ q∞„`« „QÆǨÏO L#flѨC_»∞ hK«`«fiO ѨiǨ~°O J=Ù#∞.
Éèí$QÆ∞<å_ç Ѩ^ŒÌu ÅQÆflQÍxH˜ „áê^è•#º`« LO_»^Œ∞. JO`ÕH͉õΩO_» "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ WÅ∞¡, Ô~O_»= WÅ∞¡ J#∞
=∂@Å∞ qxÑ≤OK«=Ù.
WHõ¯_» „Ѩu „QÆǨxflH˜, 1,5,7,9 ^Œ$+¨μìÅ∞ LO_»∞#∞. HÍh KåÜ«∂ „QÆǨÅ∞ J~Ú<å ~åǨïˆH`«∞=Ù
„QÆǨÅ∞‰õΩ, 1,5,9 ^Œ$+¨μìÅ∞ LO_»∞#∞.
XHõ¯ „QÆǨÏO L#fl ™ê÷#O #∞Oz 5,9= ™ê÷#OÖ’ L#fl@∞ìQÍ ÉèÏqOKåe.
L^•: â◊x"Õ∞+¨ ~åtÖ’ LO_ç ~°q Hõ#º~åtÖ’r L#flѨC_»∞ *Ï`«‰õΩ#fl‰õΩ QÆ=~°fl"≥∞O\ò ã¨O|OkèOz#
P^•Ü«∞=Ú Jx K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û. J^Õq^èŒ=ÚQÍ J#QÍ ÃÑ· K≥Ñ≤Ê# ã¨∂„`« „ѨHÍ~°O =$uÎ HÍ~°‰õΩ_≥· â◊x 5=
WO\˜H˜ ~å=Ù@ â◊x #∞Oz Ô~O_»= WO\˜Ö’ J#QÍ P^•Ü«∞O ã¨O|OkèOz# „Ѩ^Õâ◊=Ú#∞ „ѨÉèí∞`«fi
HÍ~°‰õΩ_≥·# ~°q LO_»∞@ =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ#fl‰õΩ „ѨÉèí∞`«fi #∞Oz P^•Ü«∞O =K«∞Û#∞.
7= ÉèÏ==Ú#‰õΩ XHõ „QÆǨxH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# J~Ú`Õ J^Õ „QÆǨxH˜, 3, 11 ÉèÏ"åÅ∞ ‰õÄ_®
ã¨OÉèOí kOz#fl^Õ.
Éèí∞$QÆ∞<å_ç QÆ∞~°∞=Ù#∞ =∞QÆ"åiH˜ r=HÍ~°‰õΩxQÍ P_»"åiH˜ â◊√„‰õΩx r=HÍ~°‰õΩxQÍ#∞ ÉèÏqOz
*Ï`«Hõ=Ú#∞ q=iOK«∞@ [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞#flk.
*Ï`«HõOÖ’ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù‰õΩ =ÚO^Œ∞, "≥#∞Hõ L#fl „QÆǨÅ „ѨHÍ~°O *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ ѨÙ@∞ì „Ñ¨^Õâßxfl *Ï`«HõOÖ’
~åǨï=Ù L#fl^•x „ѨHÍ~°O *Ï`«‰õΩx WO\˜ =ÚY^•fi~°O U "≥·Ñ¨Ù L#fl^À `≥Å∞ã¨∞H˘#=K«∞Û.
QÆ∞~°∞=Ù „QÆÇ¨ xfl K«∂z „QÆÇ¨ Å∞ Ѩ\ì˜ *Ï`«‰Ωõ xH˜ Z@∞=O\˜ ¿Ñ~°∞ =K«∞Û<À Jx =ÚO^Œ∞QÍ `≥Å∞ã¨∞H˘#=K«∞Û.
#HõΔ„`åÅ∞ Ѩi=~°Î# =Å# ‰õÄ_® „QÆǨÅ∞ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ =∂~°∞Ê K≥O^Œ∞#∞.

XHõ „QÆǨÏO LK«Ûù, ã¨fiKÕÛù„`«O, q∞„`«ˆHΔ„`«O J~Ú<å ~åâ◊√ÅÖ’ L#flѨÊ\˜H˜ `«#∞ `«~°∞"å`« „Ѩ"ÕtOK«∞
~åt P„QÆǨÏO q∞„`«ˆHΔ„`«O J~ÚLO_»=Öˇ#∞ JѨC_Õ P„QÆǨÏO q∞H˜¯e Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞ W=fi|_»∞#∞.
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 L^•: Hõ~å¯@Hõ~åtÖ’ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù LK«Ûù#á⁄Ok `«~°∞"å`« `«# q∞„`«ˆHΔ„`«=Ú#‰õΩ JkèѨu J~Ú<å ~°q
WO\˜H˜ J#QÍ ã≤OǨÏ~åtÖ’ ã¨OK«iOK«∞ J=HÍâßÅ∞ L<åfl~Ú. HÍ=Ù# q∞„`«∞_≥·# ~°qÜ≥ÚHõ¯ Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞
QÆ∞~°∞ „QÆǨÏ"Õ∞ á⁄Ok `å#∞ WK«∞Û K«∞<åfl_»∞.
Éèí K«„HõOÖ’ „uHÀ}O Hõ#∞Hõ U „QÆǨÅ∞ ÖË#ѨC_»∞ *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ ѨÙ@∞ì „Ñ¨^Õâ◊=Ú HÍeLO_»∞#∞.
Éèí K«„HõOÖ’ ~°q „QÆǨÏO #∞Oz `«~°K«∞QÍ ~°qH˜ q∞„`«„QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ ~°q#∞Oz 1,2,3 Wà◊§Ö’ L#fl
*Ï`«‰õΩx, `«O„_ç, H˘_»∞‰õΩÅ∞ ã¨OÉèíO^èŒO J`«∞º#fl`«« ™ê÷~ÚH˜ KÕ~°∞#∞.
Éèí K«„HõOÖ’ K«O„^Œ „QÆǨÏO #∞Oz 1,2,3 Wà◊§Ö’ K«O„^Œ∞#‰õΩ q∞„`« „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ L#fl K«O„^Œ HÍ~°Hõ`åfiÅ∞
Jaè=$kú K≥O^Œ∞#∞. J^Õ q^èŒOQÍ =∞#O *Ï`«‰õΩ=ÚÖ’ |∞^Œ∞x #∞O_ç q^Œº#∞, QÆ∞~°∞=Ù #∞O_ç ã¨OѨ^Œ,
â◊√„‰õΩx #∞O_ç, WÅ∞¡, "åǨÏ#O, ‰õΩAx #∞O_ç ^è≥·~°º Ѩ~å„Hõ=ÚÅ∞, ~åǨï=Ù #∞O_ç =∂i≈Hõ Hõà◊Å∞,
ˆH`«∞=Ù #∞O_ç H©iÎ „Ѩu+¨ìÅ∞ =∞#O W^Õq^èŒOQÍ QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û. J#QÍ Éèí K«„HõOÖ’ XHõ „QÆǨÏ=Ú#‰õΩ
=ÚO^Œ∞, "≥#∞Hõ q∞„`«QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞, `«~°∞"å`« ˆHΔ„`«=ÚÖ’ ‰õÄ_® P „QÆǨÏ=Ú#‰õΩ q∞„`« „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ Hõey#
*Ï`«HõOÖ’ P „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ HÍ~°Hõ=ÚÅ∞ Jaè=$kú JQÆ∞#∞.
*Ï`«Hõ K«„HõOÖ’ QÀKå~°O =Å¡ ‰õÄ_® ~åtx „QÆǨÅ#∞ Ѩi=~°Î# KÕÜ«Ú#∞.
*Ï`«Hõ K«„HõOÖ’ q∞„`«„QÆǨÅ∞ P^è•~°OQÍ K«Hõ¯x ѨiK«Ü«∂Å∞ `≥Åã¨∞H˘#∞@‰õΩ LѨÜ≥∂QÆѨ_»∞#∞.
~åǨï, ˆH`«∞=ÙÅ∞ U ~åtÖ’ LO_»∞<À P~åtH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# JkèѨu U „QÆǨÏ=ÚÖ’ J~Ú<å Hõe~ÚHõ,
K«∂Ѩ٠LO@∞Ok. P „QÆǨÏ=Ú Ü≥ÚHõ¯ HÍ~°º„Hõr=∞=ÚÅ∞ #tOK«∞#∞.
Hõ<åº~åtÖ’ U „QÆǨÏ=Ú J~Ú`Õ LO@∞O^À P„QÆǨÏO Ü≥ÚHõ¯ |O^èŒ∞`«fiO *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ ѨiѨÓ~°‚OQÍ
ÅaèOK«^Œ∞.
QÆ∞~°∞=Ù r=HÍ~°‰õΩxQÍ `«~°∞"å`«k, z#fl"åiQÍ#∞, "≥#∞Hõk ÃÑ^ŒÌ"åiQÍ#∞ ÉèÏqOKåe.
1,5,9 „QÆǨÅ∞ Uq^èŒOQÍ J#∞Éèí=OÖ’H˜ =K«∞Û#∞.
7,10 U ~°Hõ=ÚÅ H˘~°‰õΩ, *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ Hõ+¨ìѨ_»=Öˇ#∞.
6,8,12 Ѩx`«#=ÚÅ H˘~°‰õΩ ^≥·=Hõ$Ѩ HÍ=Öˇ#∞.
~°q„QÆǨÏO :
D „QÆǨxfl „QÆǨʼnõΩ ~åAQÍ =i‚OKå~°∞. XHõ¯ =ºH˜Î ÅHõΔ}O `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ"åÅO>Ë *Ï`«HõOÖ’ ~°q KåÖÏ
H©ÅHõ áê„`« =Ç≤Ï™êÎ~∞° . ~°q ‰õΩ_ç HõO\˜x, ǨÏ$^ŒÜ∂« xfl `«∂~°∞Êk‰õΩ¯‰õΩ, LOQÆ~O° „"Õà§◊ ‰õΩ JkèÑu¨ QÍ ¿Ñ~˘¯#=K«∞Û.
~°q J#∞„QÆǨÏO =Å# =∂#=Ù_»∞ XHõ "≥·^Œ∞ºxQÍ#∞, L#fl`« „ѨÉèí∞`«fi JkèHÍiQÍ LO@∂ ã¨=∂[OÖ’ XHõ¯
~åA‰õΩ Z@∞=O\˜ Éè’QÆ=Ú LO_»∞#∞ H©iÎ „Ѩu+¨ìÅ∞ LO_»∞#∞ =∞#O ~°q „QÆǨÏ=Ú |\˜ì `≥Å∞ã¨∞H˘#=K«∞Û.
*Ï`«HõOÖ’ ~°qx ÃÑo§HÍ#O`« =~°‰õΩ `«O„_çQÍ#∞ `«~°∞"å`« ‰õΩ=∂~°∞xQÍ#∞ ¿Ñ~˘¯#|_»∞`«∞Ok.
~°q „QÆǨÏ=Ú qq^èŒ ~åâ◊√ÅÖ’ ã¨OK«iOz#ѨC_»∞ U~°Ê_»∞ Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞ :–
~°q „QÆǨÏ=Ú XHõ ~åt #∞Oz =∞~˘Hõ ~åtH˜ ã¨OK«iOz#ѨC_»∞ Ѩ@∞ìHÍÅ=Ú 30 ~ÀAÅ∞.
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"Õ∞+¨~åtÖ’ ~°q :–
"Õ∞+¨~åtÖ’ ~°qx LK«Û„ù QÆÇϨ OQÍ ¿Ñ~˘¯O\Ï~°∞. D ~°qõ "Õ∞+¨~åtÖ’ L#fl *Ï`«‰Ωõ #fl‰õΩ `«O„_ç QÆ=~°fl"≥∞O\ò
^•fi~å HÍh, aÜ«∞ºÑ¨Ù "åºáê~°O ^•fi~å HÍh ~å[H©Ü«∞OÖ’ HÍh, P^•Ü«∞O á⁄O^Œ∞ J=HÍâ◊O LO@∞Ok.
"Õ∞+¨~åt ~°qH˜ q∞„`«ˆHΔ„`«O J~Ú<å ‰õΩ[ˆHΔ„`«O HÍ=_»O =Å# `«O„_çH˜ `«Ñ¨Êx ã¨iQÍ XHõ ã¨÷ÅOQÍh, áê_»∞Ѩ_ç#
ÖËHõ áê`« WÅ∞¡ HÍh á⁄O^Œ∞#∞. D ˆHΔ„`«OÖ’ K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ hK« á⁄O^ŒHõ áÈ~Ú#ѨÊ\˜H˜ =∞~˘Hõ ‰õΩ[ ˆHΔ„`«O J~Ú<å
=$tÛHõ~åtÖ’ K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ hK« á⁄O^Œ∞@ =Å# `«O„_çH˜ K«O„^ŒHÍ~°Hõ¯#`«fiO Ö’Ñ≤Oz Z‰õΩ¯= „Ѩܫ∂}=Ú
=∂#ã≤HOõ QÍ PO^Àà◊#Å#∞ *Ï`«‰Ωõ xH˜, `«O„_çH˜ HõO\˜H˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ "≥Ú^ŒÖ#·ˇ q =∞#O K«∂_»=K«∞Û.
W^Õ ˆHΔ„`«OÖ’ ‰õΩA_çH˜ â◊„`«∞=Ù HÍ~°‰õΩ_≥·# |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ ~°qg∞^Œ *Ï`«HõOÖ’ ^Œ$+≤ì ÖË#ѨC_»∞ Éèí∞^èŒ∞_çx
"Õ∞+¨OÖ’ L#fl@∞¡QÍ<Õ ÉèÏqOz Ѷe¨ `åÅ∞ K≥Ñʨ _»O ^•fi~å `«O„_çH˜ `«# Hõx+ì̈ ™È^ŒiH˜, =∞iÜ«Ú Éè∂í ã¨OÉèOí ^è"Œ ∞≥ #ÿ
q"å^•Å∞ #~åÅ |ÅÇ‘Ï#`«, K«~°‡ ã¨O|O^èŒ"≥∞ÿ# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ D q^èŒOQÍ |∞^èŒ∞HÍ~°Hõ`åfiÅ∞ =i‚OK«∞HÀ=K«∞Û.
W^Õ "Õ∞+¨~åtÖ’ q∞„`«∞_≥·<å QÆ∞~°∞=Ù „QÆǨÏO =Å¡ K«Hõ¯x Pi÷Hõ ã≤÷u, "Õ^Œq*Ï˝#O, ™êufiHõ ã¨fiÉèÏ=O,
`«O„_çQÍi =Ú‰õΩ¯ á⁄_»=ÙQÍ LO_»∞@, LOQÆ~°O "Õà◊√§Hõ<åfl, K«∂ѨÙ_»∞"Õà◊√§ á⁄_»=ÙQÍ L#fl ã¨∂K«#Å∞ =∞#O
QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û. ‰õΩ[ˆHΔ„`«OÖ’ "Õ∞+¨~åt `«#‰õΩ â◊„`«∞ HÍ~°‰õΩ_≥·# â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ =Å¡ P_»"åi`À W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞ P_»"åi
=Å# ^èŒ#O, ã¨÷ÅO, ¿Ñ~°∞„Ѩu+¨ìÅ∞ Hõeã≤~å=Ù@, =∂@q#x ÉèÏ~°º LO_»∞@, HÀ_»Å∞, ‰õÄ`«∞~°∞ "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ·#q
=∞#O `«O„_çH˜ K«∂_»=K«∞Û#∞.
W^Õ Hˆ „Δ `«OÖ’ Hˆ „Δ `åxH˜ â◊„`«∞=Ù =∞iÜ«Ú hK« HÍ~°‰Ωõ _≥#· â◊xÉèQí "Æ å_»∞x =Å# `«O„_çH˜ Ü«∞O„`« ã¨O|O^è"Œ ∞≥ #ÿ
=$uÎÖ’ ã¨Ç¨ Ü«∞ã¨ÇϨ HÍ~°O Ö’Ñ≤OK«∞@ `«O„_ç J#flQÍ~°∞ q∞H˜¯e W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞ rq`«OÖ’ Z^Œ∞~˘¯#∞@ [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok.
W@∞=O\˜ â◊x HÍ~°Hõ`«fi=ÚÅ∞ Ö’Ñ≤OK«∞@ =∞#O K«∂_»=K«∞Û#∞.
W^Õ ˆHΔ„`«OÖ’ ~°qH˜ â◊„`«∞=Ù „QÆǨÏO J~Ú# ~åǨï=Ù#∞ TÇ≤ÏOz#ѨC_»∞ `«O„_ç q^ÕâßʼnõΩ "≥à◊§_»O,
Z‰õΩ¯= ¿ã= KÕÜ«∞_»O K«„HÍxH˜ HÍ~°‰õΩ_≥·# ~åǨï=Ù =Å# `«O„_çQÍiH˜ "åǨÏ# Ü≥∂QÆO.
W^Õ ˆHΔ„`«OÖ’ ˆH`«∞=Ù TÇ≤ÏOz#ѨC_»∞ ˆH`«∞=Ù HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å# <åQÆ^À+¨O U~°Ê_ç `«O„_ç W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞
Z^Œ∞~À¯=_»O HÍHõ ˆH`«∞=Ù *ˇO_® Ü≥∂QÆO `«O„_çH˜ =iÎOz H©iÎ „Ѩu+¨ìÅ∞ "åºÑ≤OK«∞#∞.

=$+¨Éèí~åtÖ’ ~°q :–
=$+¨Éèí~åt â◊√„‰õ„QÆǨÏ=Ú#‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# ~åt D â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞#‰õΩ JkèѨu ÅH©Δ ‡^Õq. P"≥∞ ã≤i
ã¨OѨ^ŒÅ‰õΩ „ѨfHõ `«O„_çH˜, ‰õΩ=∂~°∞#‰õΩ ÅH©Δ ‡^Õq J#∞„QÆǨÏO LO_»∞#∞. =$+¨Éèí~åt "≥#∞Hõ ~åt J~Ú#
"Õ∞+¨~åtÖ’ â◊√Éèí„QÆǨÏO L#flKÀ `«O„_ç =∞Oz Pi÷Hõã≤÷u #∞Oz ÃÑ·H˜ =KåÛ_»x K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û.

=$+¨Éèí~åt „ѨHõ¯ˆHΔ„`«O J~Ú<å q∞^èŒ∞# ~åtH˜ |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ JkèѨu J~Ú# =Å# `«O„_çH˜ K«Hõ¯x
"åH±Kå`«∞~°ºO. "åºáê~° ^ŒHõΔ`« [#‡`«Ç¨Ï: ã≤kúOK«∞#∞. `«O„_ç #∞^Œ∞~°∞ "≥_»Å∞ÊQÍ LO_»∞@, z\˜H˜# "Õà◊√§,
- 29 -
LOQÆ~°O "Õà◊√§ "≥Ú^Œ@ Hõ#∞ѨÙ#∞ ^•@_»O, =∞#O QÆ=∞xOK« =K«∞Û.

q∞^èŒ∞#~åtÖ’ ~°q :–
D ~åtÖ’ ~°q, |∞^Œ∞_»∞ WO\˜Ö’ LO_»∞@ =Å# ~°q |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞ J~Ú# K«Hõ¯x =∂@ f~°∞
PÖ’K«<å â◊H˜Î, *Ï`«‰õΩx H˘_»∞‰õΩ, Hõà◊ʼnõΩ "åºáê~°=Ú#‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# =$uÎx QÆ=∞xOK«K«∞Û#∞.

Hõ~å¯@Hõ ~åtÖ’ ~°q :–

D ~åtH˜ JkèѨu K«O„^Œ∞_»∞. ~°q, K«O„^•^Œ∞Å HõÅ~ÚHõ J=∂"å㨺. HÍ=Ù# ~°q K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ WO\˜Ö’
LO_ç#ѨC_»∞ D Ѷ¨e`åÅ#∞ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ K«∂_»=K«∞Û. K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞ ~°q WK«∞Û#∞.
L^•: K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ Y~°∞Û#‰õΩ, J#∞=∂<åxH˜ [#OÖ’ ѨxKÕÜ«Ú =$uÎH˜ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞. HÍ=Ù# =∞#O ~°q,
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ ã¨O|OkèOz# Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞ Wã¨∂Î, K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ ѨHõ¯ ˆHΔ„`«O `«# ~åt J=Ù@ =Å# Z‰õΩ¯= =∞Ok
*Ï`«‰õΩʼnõΩ ~°q Hõ~å¯@HõOÖ’ LO>Ë `«O„_çH˜ „ѨÉèí∞`«fi L^ÀºQÆO WK«∞Û#∞. „Ѩu *Ï`«HõOÖ’ „QÆǨÏO K«∂ã≤ Ѷ¨e`«O
K≥ѨC#ѨC_»∞ P „QÆǨÏO g∞^Œ q∞QÆ`å „QÆǨÅ gHõΔ}Å∞ ‰õÄÅOHõ+¨OQÍ Ñ¨ijeOz f~°∞Ê K≥ѨÊ=Öˇ#∞.

ã≤OǨÏ~åtÖ’ ~°q :–
ã≤OǨÏ~åtÖ’ ~°q L#flѨC_»∞ `«O„_ç ÖÏ=ÙQÍ LO_»_»O. `«O„_ç ^Œ=_»Å∞ "≥_»Å∞ÊQÍ LO_»_»O. =∂@Ö’
QÍOcè~°ºO. ã¨=∂*OÖ’x JkèHÍ~°∞Å =∞#flÅ#∞ á⁄O^Œ∞`«∂ JkèHÍ~°∞Å∞ `«O„_ç x~°‚Ü«∞O H˘~°‰õΩ "Õz LO_»∞
Ѩiã≤÷`«∞Å∞. ^èŒ<åxH˜ Ö’@∞ ÖˉõΩO_® LO_»_»O =∞#O QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û. ÉèÏ~°º ^•fi~å ã¨∞YâßO`«∞Å∞ Ö’Ñ≤OK«∞@.
L^• : ã≤OǨÏ~åt ѨHõ¯ˆHΔ„`«O Hõ#º~åt JQÆ∞@ =Å# JO^Œ∞Ö’ â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ hK« á⁄O^Œ∞@ =Å# =∞#O
ÃÑ· K≥ѨÊ|_ç# ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞ K«∂_»=K«∞Û.

Hõ<åº~åtÖ’ ~°q :–
q∞^èŒ∞#~åtH˜ Hõ<åº~åtH˜ JkѨu Éèí∞^èŒ∞_»∞. HÍ=Ù# Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ q∞^èŒ∞#~åtÖ’ ~°q Uq^èŒOQÍ LO>Ë
J@∞=O\˜ Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞ Wã¨∂Î Hõ<åº~åt =º=™êÜ«∂xH˜ Ѩi„â◊=∞ʼnõΩ JkèѨu QÆ#∞Hõ `«O„_çH˜ ã¨fi`«O„`« PÖ’K«#Å∞
Z‰õΩ¯= LO_»∞#∞. Hõ<åº~åt `«^Œ∞Ѩi ˆHΔ„`«O `«∞ÖÏ~åt JQÆ∞@ =Å# JO^Œ∞Ö’ ~°q hK« á⁄O^Œ∞@ =Å# `«O„_çH˜
â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ =Å# ã≤iã¨OѨ^ŒÅ∞ hK« á⁄O^Œ∞@ =Å# J<å~ÀQƺO á⁄O^Œ∞#∞.

`«∞ÖÏ~åtÖ’ ~°q :–
=$+¨ÉÏè xH˜, `«∞ʼnõΩ JkèÑu¨ â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ JO^Œ∞=Å# Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ `«O„_ç =$+¨É~íè åtÖ’ L#fl ÅHõ}
Δ ÏÅ`Àáê@∞

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`«O„_ç kfifÜ«∂~°úOÖ’ =∞Oz ã≤úuH˜ KÕ~°∞#∞. `«∞ÖÏ~åtH˜ ѨHõ¯ ˆHΔ„`«O =$tÛHõO. nxH˜ JkèѨu ‰õΩA_»∞. ~°qH˜
q∞„`«∞_»∞. HÍ=Ù# JkèHÍ~°∞ÅÖ’ `«O„_çH˜ ã¨=∂[OÖ’ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞ã¨Ç¨ÏHÍ~åÅ∞ LO\Ï~Ú.

=$tÛHõ~åtÖ’ ~°q :–
`«O„_çH˜ =$uÎs`«º Ü«∞O„`«=Ú#‰õΩ, QÆ∞_è®Kå~°=ÚÅ qÉèÏQÍxH˜, =∞~°}ÏxH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# =$`«∞ÎÅ∞.
`«O„_ç Hõ+¨ìѨ_ç Pi÷Hõ X_ç^Œ∞_»∞‰õΩÅ∞ Z^Œ∞~˘¯x rq`«OÖ’ ÃÑ·H˜ =zÛ# =ºH˜ÎQÍ K«∂_»=K«∞Û. H˘_»∞‰õΩ ‰õÄ_®
`«O„_ç Ü≥ÚHõ¯ =$uÎx ã‘fiHõiOKÕ J=HÍâßÅ∞<åfl~Ú.

^èŒ#ã¨∞ûÖ’ ~°q :–
`«O„_çH˜ "Õ^⌠ߢãOΨ Ö’ K«H¯õ x J=QÍǨÏ# QÆ∞~°∞=Ù Hˆ „Δ `«OÖ’ â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ LK«ÛHõ#∞Hõ â◊√„‰õΩxÜ≥ÚHõ¯ ã≤iã¨O^ŒÅ∞
`«O„_çH˜, H˘_»∞‰õΩ#‰õΩ ã¨O„Hõq∞OK«∞#∞. `«O„_çH˜ H˘_»∞‰õΩÅ∞ „QÍ=∂ÅÖ’ x=ã≤OKÕ Ñ¨iã≤÷u U~°Ê_»∞#∞. =$uÎÖ’
P@OHõ=Ú#∞ Z^Œ∞~˘¯#∞@, |ÅÇ‘Ï#`« ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ HõeyÜ«ÚO_»∞#∞.
=∞Hõ~°O~åtÖ’ ~°q :–
=∞Hõ~°~åtÖ’ ~°q L#flѨC_»∞ `«O„_çH˜ Z‰õΩ¯=ÙQÍ „Ѩܫ∂}ÏÅ∞ KÕÜ«Ú =$uÎ Ü«∞O„`« ã¨O|OkèOK«∞#‰õΩ
=$uÎ. =$uÎÖ’ hÖÏѨxO^ŒÅ∞ á⁄O^Œ∞@, J<å~ÀQƺO ã¨∂K«# áê`«Wà◊√§ Hõey LO_»∞@, Pi÷Hõ X_ç^Œ∞_»∞‰õΩÅ∞
=∞#O QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û#∞.

‰õΩOÉèíè~åtÖ’ ~°q :–
‰õΩOÉèí~åtÖ’ Ѩiâ’^èŒ<å ™êú#O, J~Ú<åfl_»∞ =Å#, `«O„_çH˜ XHõ q+¨Ü«∞O g∞^Œ ѨiѨÓ~°‚ *Ï˝#O
=∞iÜ«Ú Ñ¨iâ’^èŒ<åâ◊H˜Î ‰õΩOÉèí~åtH˜ ã¨Ñ¨Î=∞O ã≤OǨÏ~åt J~Ú# =Å# QÆ=~°fl"≥∞O\ò JkèHÍ~åÅÖ’ ã¨O|O^è•Å∞
ѨH¯õ Hˆ „Δ `«O QÆ∞~°∞=Ù ã¨O|OkèOz ~åt J~Ú# =Å# `«O„_ç `«# kfifÜ«∂~°O÷ Ö’ Pi÷Hõ X_ç^∞Œ _»∞‰õΩÅ∞ JkèQqÆ ∞OK«∞#∞.

g∞#~åtÖ’ ~°q :–
g∞#~åtH˜, ^è#Œ ã¨∞û‰õΩ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù JkèÑu¨ ^è#Œ ã¨∞û~åt `«~∞° "å`« Hˆ „Δ `«O =∞Hõ~~° åtÖ’ ~°q â◊HxΘ á⁄O^Œ∞`å_»∞.
HÍx g∞#~åtÖ’ `«# `«~°∞"å`« ˆHΔ„`«O"≥∞ÿ<å "Õ∞+¨~åtÖ’ LK«Ûù#∞ á⁄O^Œ∞@ =Å# ~°qH˜ q∞H˜¯e ™ê#∞‰õÄÅ
JOâßÅ∞O_»∞#∞.
L^•: g∞#~åtÖ’ ˆH`«∞=Ù =¸Å „uHÀ}O Hõ#∞Hõ `«O„_çH˜ "≥∂HõΔ™ê^èŒ# ã¨O|OkèOz, <åºÜ«∞¿ã=‰õΩ
ã¨O|OkèOz# *Ï˝#O. WHõ¯_» â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ LK«Ûù Hõ#∞Hõ g∞#~åt ã¨ÇϨ [OQÍ =∞OK«∞H˘O_»Å ã¨O|OkèOz# „Ѩ^âÕ =◊ Ú
=Å# `«O„_ç, JHõ¯QÍ~°∞ ^Œ∂~°^Õâ◊=ÚQÍ "≥à◊§=Åã≤ =ã¨∞ÎOk. W^Õ ˆHΔ„`«OÖ’ |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ hK« J=_»O =Å# |∞^Œ∞_»∞
Ü≥ÚHõ¯ â◊H˜Î `«O„_çH˜ Ö’Ñ≤Oz `«O„_çH˜, H˘_»∞‰õΩ Éèí∞*ÏʼnõΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞ K«~å‡xH˜, #~åʼnõΩ
- 31 -
W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞. "åH±^À+¨O W@∞=O\˜ q+¨Ü«∂Å∞ =∞#O QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û.

~°q`À W`«~° „QÆǨÅ U~°Ê_»∞ Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞ :–

~°q, K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ :
=∞#‰õΩ Ñ¨Ù~å}ÏÅÖ’ ~°q, K«O„^Œ∞ʼnõΩ XHõ¯ „Ѩ`ÕºHõ"≥∞ÿ# ™ê÷#O L#flk. ~°q, K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ ã¨=∞ã¨Ñ¨ÎHÍÅÖ’
LO>Ë áœ~°‚q∞ Jx, ~°q, K«O„^Œ∞Å∞ Hõeã≤O>Ë J=∂"å㨺Jx, D J=∂"å㨺, áœ~°‚q∞ =Å# ã¨=Ú„^ŒOÖ’
P@∞áÈ@∞¡ ZO`« f„=OQÍ LO_»∞<À, *Ï`«‰õΩx Ü≥ÚHõ¯ =∞#ã¨∞û JO`« f„=OQÍ LO_»∞#∞. K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ =∞#ã¨∞
HÍ~°‰Ωõ _»∞. Y~°∞Û‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz#"å_»∞, hÖÏѨxO^ŒÅ∞ ã¨O|OkèOz#"å_»∞, „ѨÜ∂« }ÏʼnõΩ ã¨O|OkèOz#"å_»∞,
[# PHõ~°¬}, HõàχHõ^Œ$+≤ì, Láê^蕺ܫ∞=$uÎ, K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ Hõá¶êxfl ã¨O|OkèOz#"å_»∞ Hõ#∞Hõ `«O„_çH˜ Hõá¶êxfl,
~°HÇÎõ Ï‘ #`«#∞ =∞#O QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û. K«O„^Œ∞#‰õΩ 2,12,5,7 ~åâ◊√ÅÖ’ U „QÆÇϨ OÖ’HõáÈ`Õ `«O„_çH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz#
ÅHõΔ}ÏÖË `«e¡QÍi q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’ K«∂_»=K«∞Û.

~°q, ‰õΩA_»∞ :
~°qx, ~åAQÍ#∞, ‰õΩA_»∞ Ãã·<åºkèѨuQÍ#∞ =∞#O ѨÙ~å}ÏÅÖ’ „QÆǨÅ#∞ D q^èŒOQÍ =i‚™êÎ~°∞. nx
Y_»æÜ≥∂QÆO Jx J#=K«∞Û#∞. D *Ï`«‰õΩʼnõΩ HÍ~°ºnHõΔ, Ѩ@∞ì^ŒÅ XHõ¯iH˜ `«Å=OK«x ã¨fiÉèÏ=O, "≥ÚO_ç`«#O
ÃÑ· ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞ =∞#O QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û. ~°q, ‰õΩAÅ∞ U ~åtÖ’ L<åfl~À P ~åt Ü≥ÚHõ¯ JkèѨu ^•xÖ’x LK«Ûù,
ã¨fiˆHΔ„`«O, =¸Å„uHÀ}O, „QÆǨÅ#∞ ѨijeOz =∞#O Jaè„áêÜ«∂Å#∞ "≥Å¡=_çOKåe. ~°q, ‰õΩA_»∞ W^ŒÌ~°∞
L+¨‚O ã¨O|OkèOz# „QÆǨÅ∞, L+¨‚O ã¨OÉèíOkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ ÉÏkèOK≥#∞. Ѷ¨e`« x~å÷~°}Ö’ ~°q,
‰õΩA_»∞ L#fl ~åt JkèѨu `«`ü ™êú<åxH˜ 6= WÅ∞¡,12Ö’ LO_»~å^Œ∞. â◊„`«∞=Ù ˆHΔ„`«O, hK« ˆHΔ„`«OÖ’ LO_»~å^Œ∞.
^•xH˜ ã¨Ñ¨Î=∂kèѨu =∞Oz ˆHΔ„`«O L#fl ~°q, ‰õΩAʼnõΩ JkèHõ|ÅO Z‰õΩ¯=. =∞Oz Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞ WK«∞Û#∞. D
*Ï`«‰õΩÅ∞ =∞O„`«∞Å∞, „Ѩ^è•# =∞O„`«∞Å∞ "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞ "åiH˜ JO`«~°Oy‰õΩÅ∞QÍ "åi ѨHõΔ=ÚQÍ KÕi gi rq`«
HÍ~åºHõÖÏáêÅ∞ H˘#™êy™êÎ~°∞.

~°q, Éèí∞^èŒ∞_»∞ :
~°q J#QÍ HõΔ„uÜ«Ú_»∞. |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ J#QÍ "≥·â◊√º_»∞. gi HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å# ~°q ˆHΔ„`«=Ú =ke "åºáê~°
^ŒHõΔ`«‰õΩ áê^茺=Ú WK«∞Û =ºH˜ÎQÍ =∞#O K«∂_»=K«∞Û. ~°q, |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ =Å# `«O„_çH˜ ™È^Œi LO_»@O. P ™È^Œi
`«# a_»¤ ^•fi~å q∞H˜¯e ã¨∞Y=ÚÅ∞ á⁄O^Œ_»O =∞#O QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û. `«O„_çH˜ "Õ∞^èÀã¨O|O^èŒO HÍ~°‰õΩ_≥·#
|∞^èŒ∞_»∞ HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å# `«O„_çH˜ "åºáê~° ^ŒHõΔ`«, JH“O\˜OQ∑ qÉèÏQÆ=Ú, HÍ=∞~üû, =º=™êÜ«∞O "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ·#
~°OQÍÅÖ’ `«#^≥#· =Ú„^Œ#∞ `«O„_ç Hõx+¨ì ™È^Œ~∞° #∞‰õΩ, QÆ=~°fl"≥∞O\ò‰Ωõ ã¨O|OkèOz# J=HÍâ◊=ÚÅ∞ ¢ãΑ ã¨O`å#O
JkèHõO. ¢ã‘ÎÅ =Å# Ѩ#∞Å∞ KÕ‰õÄ~°∞@ =∞#O QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û.
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~°q, QÆ∞~°∞=Ù :
~å[iHõO J~Ú# ~°q „ÉÏǨ‡} „QÆǨÏ"≥∞ÿ# QÆ∞~°∞ HõÅÜ«ÚHõ =Å# ~°q QÆ∞~°∞=Ù Ü≥ÚHõ¯ ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ#∞
WK«∞Û"å_»∞ J=Ù`å_»∞. *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞x =∞#O QÆ∞~°∞=ÙQÍ ÉèÏqOKåe. ~°qH˜ `«O„_çQÍ ÉèÏqOKåe. QÆ∞~°∞=Ù { ~°q
*Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ HÀѨã¨fiÉèÏ==Ú. ~°q { QÆ∞~°∞=Ù *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ âßOu ã¨fiÉèÏ==Ú. nxx ~å[ „Ѩ`åѨÜ≥∂QÆ=∞x, r"å`«‡
ã¨OÜ≥∂QÆ=∞x JO\Ï~°∞.
D *Ï`«‰Ωõ xH˜ z#fl=Ü«∞ã¨∞ûÖ’<Õ `«O„_ç =$uÎ KÕÜÚ« Ѩiã≤`÷ ∞« Å∞ U~°Ê_»∞#∞. g~°∞ ~å[iHõ ÅHõ}
Δ =ÚÅ`À
30 ã¨O=`«û~°=ÚÅ `«~°∞"å`« J`«x QÆ`«O Z@∞=O\˜k J~Ú<å ¿Ñ~°∞ „Ѩu+¨ìÅ∞ ã¨=∂[OÖ’ á⁄O^Œ∞#∞. g~°∞
"Õ^Œ âߢãÎ̈=Ú, ™êO„Ѩ^•Ü«∞=Ú#∞ áê\˜OK≥#∞. giH˜ ~°HõÎ=Ú ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞, #~åʼnõΩ ã¨O|OkèOz#
ã¨=∞㨺Å∞. giH˜ [#‡`«Ç¨Ï LO_»∞#∞.

~°q, â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ :
*Ï`«HõOÖ’ ~°q, â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ∞ HÍ=Ù# gi HõÅ~ÚHõ H˘O`« J=Ü≥∂QÆ=∞x K≥áêÊe.
L^• : ÉèÏ~°º HÍ~°º‰õΩ_≥·<å â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞‰õΩ JkèHÍ~°‰õΩ_≥·<å ~°q Hõeã≤<å =Å¡ ÉèÏ~°º‰õΩ JkèHÍ~° Ü≥∂QÆO =∞iÜ«Ú
ѨÙ~°∞+¨μÅ ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞ Z‰õΩ¯=ÙQÍ LO_»∞#∞.
â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ _ç„wÅ∞ Hõ<åfl, ~°q _ç„wÅ∞ Z‰õΩ¯=Ù L#flKÀ =∞QÆ"åiH˜ ~°q Ü≥ÚHõ¯ â◊H˜Î =Å# g~°ºHõ}=ÚʼnõΩ
HÍ~°‰õΩ_≥·# â◊√„‰õΩx KÕ~°∞@ `«`ü^•fi~å ã¨O`å#Ç‘Ï#∞_»∞. QÆ∞~°∞=Ù K«∂ѨÙ|\˜ì „QÆǨÅ∞ ѨijeOz Ѷ¨e`«=Ú x~°ú#
K͆Ƕe.
~°q, â◊x :
~°q, â◊x `«O„_çH˘_»∞‰õΩÅ∞. [#‡`«Ç¨Ï Ѩ~°ã¨Ê~° â◊„`«∞`«fiO L#fl"å~°∞. W"Õ ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞ *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜, `«O„_ç
QÀK«iOK«_»O K«∂_»=K«∞Û. =$uÎ HÍ~°‰õΩ_≥·# â◊xH˜ JkèHÍ~° HÍ~°‰õΩ_≥·# ~°q`À_≥·`Õ =$uÎÖ’ W|ƒOk L#flѨÊ\˜H˜
JkèHÍ~°O QÆÅ =$uÎ LO@∞Ok.
L^• : „ѨÉèí∞`«fi L^ÀºQÆO
~°q, â◊x HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å¡ `«O„_çH˜ HÍà◊§<˘Ñ¨CÅ∞ `«~°K«∞, P<å~ÀQƺO =∞#O QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û.
~°q, ~åǨï=Ù :
~åǨï=Ù „QÆǨxfl Ñ≤`å=∞ǨïxQÍ ¿Ñ~˘¯Ok. ~°q, â◊xʼnõΩ Z@∞=O\˜ ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞ L<åflÜ≥∂, ~°q,
~åǨï=ÙH˜ ‰õÄ_® JÖÏO\˜ ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞ LO\Ï~Ú. ~åǨï=Ù K«„HÍxH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# "å_»∞ HÍ=Ù# `«O„_çH˜
"åǨÏ#Ü≥∂QÍxfl HõOѨӺ@~ü q^Œº#O^Œ∞ Ѩi*Ï˝<åxfl, ~å[H©Ü«∂xfl L#flk, Öˡ#@∞ì, ÖËxk L#fl@∞¡ K≥¿ÑÊk.
D ~åǨï=Ù =Å¡# `«O„_çH˜, "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜H˘_»∞‰õΩH˜ W|ƒOk [~°∞QÆ∞#∞.

- 33 -
~°q, ˆH`«∞=Ù :
nx <åQÆ^À+¨O QÍ#∞, `«O„_çH˜ Ü≥∂QÆO QÍ#∞ K≥Ñʨ |_»∞#∞. nx=Å# `«O„_çH˜ ¿Ñ~°∞„Ѩu+¨Åì ∞ #Å∞=¸ÅÅ
"åºÑ≤OK«_»O =∞iÜ«Ú HÀ~°∞ì‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ `«O„_ç Z^Œ∞~˘¯#∞@ [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. D Ü≥∂QÆO =Å#
`«O„_çH˜ ã¨O™ê~°ÉèíO^èŒO ^Œ∂~°=∞QÆ∞@, "≥∂HõΔO H˘~°‰õΩ Ñ¨i`«Ñ≤OK«_»O [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok.

"Õ∞+¨~åtÖ’ K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ :
"Õ∞+¨~åtÖ’ ~°q LK«Ûùá⁄O^Œ∞@ =Å# `«e¡ =ÚYº"≥∞ÿ# Ѩ@ì}ÏÅÖ’<Õ [x‡OK«∞#∞. "Õ∞+¨O `«~°∞"å`«
~åt J~Ú# =$+¨ÉèíOÖ’ K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ LK«Ûù á⁄O^Œ∞@ =Å# `«e¡H˜ ã¨Ç¨Ï[ã≤^Œú JkèHÍ~° ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞. L#fl =$uÎÖ’
LK«Ûùã≤÷uH˜ KÕ~°∞@.
"Õ∞+¨O =∞iÜ«Ú =$tÛHõO ´ ‰õΩAx ˆHΔ„`åÅ∞. WHõ¯_» =∞#O K«O„^Œ∞x hK«QÍ LO_»=K«∞Û. HÍ=Ù# `«e¡H˜
"≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ JHõ¯‰õΩ, J`«ÎQÍiH˜ ~°HõÎÇ‘Ï#`«, #~åÅ|ÅÇ‘Ï#`« ã¨O™ê~°OÖ’ X_ç^Œ∞_»∞‰õΩÅ∞, ¿Ñ~°∞ „Ѩu+¨ìÅ∞ `«e¡QÍi
Éèí~°ÎÜ«∞O^Œ∞ ã≤÷u LO_»∞@.
L^• : K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ áêʼnõΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞.HÍ=Ù# =$tÛHõOÖ’QÍx "Õ∞+¨OÖ’QÍx K«O„^Œ∞x LO>Ë
*Ï`«‰õΩ#∞_»∞ z#fl`«#OÖ’ `«e¡ áêÅ∞ H˘~°‰õΩ W|ƒOk Ѩ_»∞#∞.
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞
=∞#O K«O„^Œ∞_çx áœ~°‚q∞QÍ Éèí∞$QÆ∞<å_çÖ’ =i‚™êÎ=Ú. K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ =O@ ™ê=∂#∞¡, =∞#ã¨∞, h~°∞, =∞Oz`«#O,
Hõà◊, ¿ãflÇ≤Ï`«∞~åÅ∞, ã¨=Ú„^ŒO, K«eQÍ =i‚™êÎ=Ú. K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ ÉÏQÆÖËHõáÈ`Õ Y~°∞ÛÃÑ>Ëìk ã≤÷u, =∞uã≤÷q∞`«O
"≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞#q. U~°Ê_»∞#∞. K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ `«e¡QÍix, J`«ÎQÍix, "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ JHõ¯QÍiH˜ ã¨O|O^èŒ=ÚÖ’ ã¨∂zOK«∞#∞.

=$+¨ÉèíOÖ’ K«O„^Œ∞_»∞
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ =$+¨Éèí~åtÖ’ LK«Û ã≤÷u LO_»∞@=Å# ã¨=∂[OÖ’ ¿Ñ~°∞„Ѩu+¨ìÅ∞, Q“~°= =∞~åº^ŒÅ∞ Hõeã≤
LO_»∞#∞. =$+¨ÉèíO, ã¨Ñ¨Î=∞O =$tÛHõO, nxH˜ JkèѨu ‰õΩA_»∞ kfifÜ«∞O q∞^èŒ∞#O nxH˜ JkèѨu Éèí∞^èŒ∞_»∞.
Hõ#∞Hõ D Ô~O_»∞ „QÆǨÅ∞ ÉÏQÆÖËHõáÈ~Ú# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ J<ÕHõ ~°Hõ=ÚÅ W|ƒOk Ѩ_»∞#∞. W^Õ =$+¨ÉèíOÖ’
LK«ÛùHÍ=Ù# `«e¡ ÉèíÜ«∞=Ú#‰õΩ Ö’#∞HÍ=Ù@ `«~åfi`« J<å~ÀQƺO "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞#q =∞#O QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û.

K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ q∞^èŒ∞#OÖ’ :
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ q∞^èŒ∞# ~åtÖ’ LO_»QÆ *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞, `«e¡ `≥eqQÆÅ"å~°∞ Jx K≥áêÊe. K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ `«~åfi`«
=K«∞Û `«~°∞"å`« ˆHΔ„`«O HÍ=Ù# q∞^èŒ∞#O ã¨Ç¨Ï[ Ѩ~å„Hõ=∞ HÍ=Ù# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ K«O„^Œ ã¨Ç¨ÏHÍ~°O J~Ú# Hõà◊Å`À

- 34 -
*Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ ã¨=∂[=Ú#∞ PHõi¬OK«∞#∞. |∞^èŒ∞x ˆHΔ„`«OÖ’ â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ hK« Hõ#∞Hõ K«O„^Œ∞#‰õΩ J#QÍ `«e¡QÍiH˜
=Å# W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞ HõÅ∞QÆ∞#∞.

K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ Hõ~å¯@HõOÖ’ :
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ Hõ~å¯@HõOÖ’ ã¨fiˆHΔ„`«OÖ’ L#flѨÊ\˜H˜ J^Õ ˆHΔ„`«OÖ’ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù LK«Ûù J=_»O KÕ`« ZšѨC_»∞
^èŒ# zO`«#, ‰õΩA_»∞ hK« JQÆ∞@ KÕ`« ~°HõÎÇ‘Ï#`« ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ U~°Ê_»@O [~°∞QÆ∞#∞. Hõ~å¯@OÖ’ ‰õΩA_»∞ hK«
Hõ#∞Hõ `«e¡, Éèí~°ÎQÍ~°∞ J<å~ÀQƺ ã¨=∞㨺ÅÖ’ ÉÏQÍ W|ƒOk Ѩ_»∞#∞. ã¨iJ~Ú# x~°‚Ü«∞O *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ KÕã¨∞H˘#ÖËHõ
W|ƒOkѨ_»∞#∞.

K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ ã≤OǨÏOÖ’ :
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ ã≤OǨÏ~åtÖ’ LO_»QÍ ~°q ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞ K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ Ѩ~åHÍÜ«∞ „Ѩ"Õâ◊O KÕÜ«Ú#∞. HÍ=Ù# ~åA
HÍ=Öˇ#x HÀiHõ ^•x H˘~°‰õΩ rq`«O Z‰õΩ¯= W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞ Ѩ_»∞#∞. ã≤OǨÏO HõΔ„uÜ«∞ ˆHΔ„`«O Hõ#∞Hõ *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞
KÕã¨∞H˘#∞ x~°‚Ü«∂Å∞ KåÖÏ YzÛù`«OQÍ, `≥eqQÍ LO_»∞#∞. `«e¡QÍi ‰õΩ@∞O|OÖ’ ÉÏ^茺`«Å#∞ `«O„_ç#∞Oz
fã¨∞H˘x `å<Õ x~°fiÇ≤ÏOK«∞#∞.

K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ Hõ#ºÖ’ :
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ Hõ#º~åtÖ’ LO_»∞@ =Å# LK«ÛùJ~Ú# |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ =∞iÜ«Ú hK« J~Ú# â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ L#fl`«
™ê÷~ÚÖ’ LO_»∞#∞. HÍ=Ù# WHõ¯_» *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ `≥eqQÆÅ"å_»∞. ¢ã‘Î=¸ÅHõOQÍ W|ƒOk Ѩ_»∞"å_»∞ =∞iÜ«Ú JkèHõ
Y~°∞ÛÅ∞ HõÅ"å_»∞. JѨCÅ∞ KÕÜÚ« "å_»∞ HÍ=Ù# *Ï`«‰Ωõ _»∞ ã¨fi`«O„`«OQÍ Ñ¨xKÕã∞¨ H˘#=Öˇ#x q∞H˜¯e Jaè„áêÜ«∞O
Hõey LO_»∞#∞.

K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ `«∞Å~åtÖ’ :
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ `«∞Å~åtÖ’ LO_»∞@ =∞# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ ZѨC_»∞#∞ ã¨OáêkOK«=Öˇ#x JaèÖÏ+¨ =∞iÜ«Ú D
ˆHΔ„`«OÖ’ ~°q hK«Hõ#∞Hõ `«e¡H˜ J=∂"å㨺 ѨÙ\˜ì#~ÀA =Öˇ *Ï`«‰õΩx x~°‚Ü«∞O LO_»∞@ QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û. D
Hˆ „Δ `«O â◊x LK«ÛHù Í=Ù# *Ï`«‰Ωõ x =$uÎH˜ „Ѩ=∂^•Å∞, |kbÅ∞, J==∂<åÅ∞ "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞#q =∞#O QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û.
*Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ ~°Ç¨Ï㨺 Ѩ#∞Å ^•fi~° Z‰õΩ¯= ^èŒ#O ã¨OáêkOK«∞ J=HÍâ◊O L#flk. =∞iÜ«Ú `«e¡ QÍiH˜ rq`«
kfiuÜ«∂~°÷O *Ï`«‰õΩx `«e¡ P~ÀQƺO ^≥|ƒu#∞#∞.

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K«O„^Œ∞_»∞=$tÛHõOÖ’ :
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ =$tÛHõOÖ’ LO_»∞@ Wk ã¨Ç¨Ï[ =∂i‡Hõ ™ê÷#O HÍ=Ù# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ =∂i‡Hõ Hõà◊ŠѨ@¡ Pã¨H˜Î
Hõey LO_»∞#∞. *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ z#fl`«#=ÚÖ’ `«e¡áêʼnõΩ ^Œ∂~°O HÍ=@O =∞#O QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û. ˆHΔ„`«OÖ’ ˆH`«∞=Ù
LK«Ûù Hõ#∞Hõ *Ï`«‰õΩx "≥∂HõΔ™ê^èŒ# =∞iÜ«Ú, É’^茉õΩx `«`«fiO, =∞#O *Ï`«‰õΩxÖ’ QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û. *Ï`«‰õΩx
‰õΩ@∞O|OÖ’ ¢ã‘ÎʼnõΩ XHõ ã¨O`å#O ^≥|ƒu#∞ J=HÍâ◊O ˆH`«∞=Ù =Å# =∞#O QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û.
^èŒ#ã¨∞ûÖ’ K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ :
*Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ ^èŒ#ã¨∞û Ö’ K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ KåÖÏ =∞Oz =ºH˜Î, Ѩq„`«`« QÆÅ"å_»∞ =∞iÜ«Ú L^•~°ã¨fiÉèÏ=O
QÆÅ"å_»∞. *Ï`«‰õΩx `«e¡ Hõ+¨ì=ÚÅ #∞Oz KåÖÏ ÃÑ·H˜ =zÛ# "åÔ~· LO_»∞#∞. P"≥∞ rq`«OÖ’ Z‰õΩ¯= H˜¡+¨ì
ã¨=∞㨺Å`À áÈ~å_»∞#∞. *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ „HÀ^èŒ ã¨fiÉèÏ=O Hõey LO_»∞@ `«~åfi`« Pi÷Hõ X_ç^Œ∞_»∞‰õΩÅ ã¨=∞㨺Å∞
‰õÅ∞QÆ∞@ [~°∞QÆ∞#∞.
=∞Hõ~°OÖ’ K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ :
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ =∞Hõ~° ~åtÖ’ L#fl "åiH˜ Z‰õΩ¯= HÀѨ=Ú ~å=Ù@, Q“~°==Ú ÖËx Ѩ#∞Å∞ KÕÜ«Ú@, K«ÔH¯~°
"åºkèH˜ ã¨OÉèíOkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞, HÍÖËÜ«∞O, Jr~°‚O ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ =∞#O QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û.‰õΩA_»∞ LK«Û Hõ#∞Hõ
`«e¡QÍi WÅ∞¡QÍx, ã¨÷ÅOÖ’QÍx LO_»∞#∞ =∞iÜ«Ú `«O„_ç ã¨=∂[O LK«Ûùã≤÷uH˜, Pi÷Hõ W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞ Z^Œ∞~˘¯#_»O
[~°∞QÆ∞#∞.

K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ ‰õΩOÉèíO :
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ ‰õΩOÉèíO ~åtÖ’ LO_»∞@ =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞, ѨijÅ#ÅѨ@¡ Z‰õΩ¯= JaèÖÏ+¨, ‰õΩOÉèíO‰õΩ,
ã¨Ñ¨Î=∞O ã≤OǨÏO Hõ#∞Hõ ã¨=∂[OÖ’ „Ѩ=ÚY =º‰õΩÎÅ`À ѨiK«Ü«∂Å∞ K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ `«~åfi`« „Ѩ"ÕtOK«∞ ~åt g∞#O
Hõ#∞Hõ *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ g∞#OÖ’ |∞^èŒ∞#‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞, Z^Œ∞~˘¯#@O [~°∞QÆ∞#∞.
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ g∞#O :
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ g∞#O ~åtÖ’ LO_»QÆ *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ ^èŒ#ã¨∞û L#fl Z‰õΩ¯= ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞ =∞#O QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û.
HÍx ^èŒ#ã¨∞û `«~åfi`« ~åtÖ’ ‰õΩA_»∞ LK«Ûù g∞#O Ü≥ÚHõ¯ `«~åfiu ‰õΩAx ˆHΔ„`«O J~Ú#ѨÊ\˜H˜ "Õ∞+¨OÖ’ â◊x
hK«∞_»∞ Hõ#∞Hõ *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ =$uÎ =Å# Z‰õΩ¯= W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞, JkèHõ L+¨‚=Ú =Å# [Å∞|∞, <≥=Ú‡ =Å# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞
HõeyLO_»∞#∞. =∞#‰õΩ ã¨Ñ¨Î=∞O Hõ#º HÍ=Ù# ^•xH˜ QÆ∞~°∞_»∞ JkèѨu HÍ=Ù# *Ï`«‰õΩx Z‰õΩ¯= PÖ’zOK«∞@
=∞iÜ«Ú, K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ hK« ˆHΔ„`«OÖ’ LO_»∞@ =Å#, #~åÅ |ÅÇ‘Ï#`«, Éèí∞*ÏÅ ã¨=∞㨺Å∞, K«~°‡ ã¨=∞㨺Å∞, Hõx+¨ì
™È^Œi ÖËHõ ™È^Œ~°∞Å rq`«OÖ’ ã¨=∞㨺Å`À ÉÏ^èŒÑ¨_»@O =∞#O K«∂_»=K«∞Û.
qq^èŒ „QÆǨÅÖ’ K«O„^Œ∞x HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å# Z@∞=O\˜ ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞ LO_»∞<À =∞#O „H˜Ok q^èŒOQÍ
K«∂_»=K«∞Û.
- 36 -
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞, ~°q`À :
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞, ~°q`À LO_»∞@=Å# *Ï`«‰õΩx =∞#ã¨∞û#‰õΩ `«e¡H˜ ~°q HõΔ„uÜ«Ú_»∞ Hõ#∞Hõ HõΔ„uÜ«ÚxH˜
ã¨O|OkèOz# ÉèÏ=#Å∞ U~°Ê_»∞#∞. *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ Y~°∞Û#∞ xÜ«∞O„uOK«ÖËHõáÈ=Ù#∞. *Ï`«‰õΩx J=∂"å㨺 Ü≥∂QÆO
*Ï`«‰õΩx =iOK«∞#∞. `«O„_ç JkèHõ „Ѩ=∂}=ÚÅ∞ KÕÜ«Ú#∞.

K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ ‰õΩAx`À :
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ ‰õΩA_»∞ HõÅ~ÚHõ Z‰õΩ¯=. *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ Z‰õΩ¯= „Ѩܫ∂}=ÚÅ∞ KÕÜ«Ú@, J=∞‡QÍ~°∞ Z‰õΩ¯=
„Ѩ=∂^ŒHõ~° Ѩiã≤÷`«∞Å∞ Z^Œ∞iOK«∞@ [~°∞QÆ∞#∞ =∞iÜ«Ú ã¨iÜ≥ÿ∞# x~°‚Ü«∞O ÖËHõáÈ=Ù@ =∞iÜ«Ú "≥ÚO_ç`«#=Ú
=Å# J#∞=∂#O QÆ∂_» ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞#∞. =∞iÜ«Ú "≥ÚO_ç`«#O *Ï`«‰õΩx z=i=~°‰õΩ "≥O\Ï_»∞#∞. ^Œ∞+¨μìÅ`À#∞,
=∞Oz =∞#ã¨∞ÖËx =º‰õΩÎÅ`À ѨiK«Ü«∂Å∞ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ HõÅ∞QÆ∞#∞.

K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ |∞^èŒ∞x`À :
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ J#QÍ "≥∂ã¨QÍ_»∞. |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ J#QÍ `≥eqQÆÅ"å_»∞. Hõ#∞Hõ D W^ŒÌ~°∞ Hõeã≤# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ D
QÆ∞}=ÚÅÖ’ `˘O^Œ~°QÆ Uq+¨Ü«∞=Ú<≥·<å <Õ~°∞ÛH˘#∞@, P_»"åix PHõi¬OK«∞@, Wk hK«"≥∞ÿ# HÍ=∞O‰õΩ ^•i
fÜ«Ú#∞. ^•xH˜ HÍ~°}O |∞^èŒ∞x ѨÙ@∞ìHõ K«O„^Œ∞x =Å# [iyOk. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ K≥ѨCÅ∞ Hõ~°∞K«∞@. D
HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å# `«O„_ç QÍi Pã≤Î "≥∂ã¨Ñ¨Ói`«OQÍ *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ JѨǨÏiOK«|_»∞#∞. *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ =∂=∞QÍi ^ŒQÆæ~°,
¿ãflÇ≤Ï`«∞Å ^•fi~å "≥∂ã¨áÈ=Ù@, hÖÏѨxO^ŒÅ∞ á⁄O^Œ∞@ [~°∞QÆ∞#∞.

K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ QÆ∞~°∞=ÙÖ’ :
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ QÆ∞~°∞=ÙÖ’ LO_»∞@ =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ =$uÎ s`åº „Ѩܫ∂}ÏÅ∞ Z‰õΩ¯= ^èŒ# ã¨Oáê^Œ#, =∞Oz
PÖ’K«# =∞#ã¨∞, `«e¡QÍiH˜ ^≥·=Og∞^Œ Z‰õΩ¯= #=∞‡HõO Hõeæ# ã¨fiÉÏ=O Hõey LO_»∞#∞. ^•xx =∞#O QÆ[ˆHã¨i
Ü≥∂QÆO`À =i‚™êÎ=Ú. J#QÍ K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ J#QÍ áê~°fiu`À Jx QÆ∞~°∞=Ù J#QÍ QÆ[=Ú Jx JO>Ë Z‰õΩ¯= â◊H˜Î
QÆÅ"å_»∞. HÍ=Ù# â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ g∞^Œ q[Ü«∞O QÆÅ"å_»∞. *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ q^ÕâßÅ Ö’ ã≤÷~°Ñ¨_»∞ J=HÍâ◊O, ѨÙ\˜ì#
ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ J<å~ÀQƺO`À =∞#O QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û.
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ â◊√„‰õΩx`À :
*Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ J#∞=∂#O J<Õ "åºkè Hõey LO_»∞#∞. *Ï`«‰õΩx `«e¡ `«# *Ï`«HõO Ö’ ã≤iã¨OѨ^ŒÅ∞ Hõey
LO_»∞#∞. ÉèÏ~°º ^Œ∂~°Ñ¨Ù ã¨OÉèíO^èŒO Hõey#k. =∞iÜ«Ú JHõ¯, HÀ_»Å∞ ÉèÏ~°º Z‰õΩ¯= J<å~ÀQƺ=Ú, `«‰õΩ¯=
ã¨∞Y=ÚÅ∞ hÖÏѨxO^ŒÅ∞. =∞iÜ«Ú *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ ÉèÏ~°º Hõ#fl *Ï`«‰õΩx ÉèÏ~°º, ™È^Œi *Ï`«‰õΩx Ѩ@¡ Z‰õΩ¯=
Jaè=∂#=Ú Hõey#k J~ÚLO_»∞#∞. *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ Z‰õΩ¯= JѨÙCÅ∞ KÕÜ«∞_»O Jq f~°ÛÖËHõáÈ=_»O =∞#O
K«∂_»=K«∞Û.
- 37 -
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ â◊x`À :
*Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ =$uÎ, s`åº „Ѩܫ∂}ÏÅ∞, J==∂<åÅ∞ Ѩ_»∞#∞. *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ â◊x „ѨÉèÏ=OKÕ =∞#ã¨∞#∞
ã≤~÷ Ñ° ~¨ K° ∞« H˘#ÖËHõ W|ƒOkѨ_∞» #∞. *Ï`«‰Ωõ _»∞ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ u#_»O =∞iÜ«Ú Ñ¨_∞» H˘#∞@ Ü«∞O^Œ∞ Pã¨HΘ Hõ#|~°∞K«∞#∞.
*Ï`«‰õΩx rq`«=Ú#‰õΩ ã¨O|OkOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ =∞#O K«∂_»=K«∞Û.

K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ ~åǨï=Ù`À:
*Ï`«‰Ωõ x `«e¡ `«# z#fl`«#OÖ’ KåÖÏ W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞ Z^Œ∞~˘¯x ÃÑH· ˜ =K«∞Û#∞. *Ï`«‰Ωõ x <å#fl KåÖÏ^Œ∂~°O
„ѨѨOK«O #∞Oz =Å㨠=zÛ LO_»∞#∞. *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ ÉèíÜ«∞O, „ÉèÏOuʼnõΩ Ö’#∞ J=@O =∞#O K«∂_»=K«∞Û.
*Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ ѨÙ\˜ì# „Ѩ^Õâ◊OÖ’ XHõ ÉÏqQÍx, =∞iÜ«Ú =ÚiH˜ HÍÅ∞=#∞ =∞#O QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û. D „QÆǨÅ
HõÅ~ÚHõ‰õΩ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù K«∂ѨÙÖËxKÀ *Ï`«‰õΩx =∞u„|q∞OK«∞ J=HÍâ◊=Ú Z‰õΩ¯= L#flk.
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ ˆH`«∞=Ù`À :
*Ï`«‰õΩx J=∞‡=∞‡ QÍ~°∞ Z‰õΩ¯= ^≥·= ÉèíH˜Î QÆey LO_»∞@, *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ ѨÙ\˜ì# „Ѩ^Õâ◊OÖ’ J=∞‡"åi
Ü≥ÚHõ¯ QÆ∞_ç LO_»@O *Ï`«‰õΩx `«e¡QÍ~°∞ =∂#ã≤Hõ ã¨O|O^èŒ"≥∞ÿ# K«^Œ∞=ÙÅ∞ |Ü«∞@ JÉèíºã≤Oz#ѨÊ\˜H˜
JO^Œ∞Ö’ xëê‚`∞« ~åÅ∞ JQÆ∞K«∞ *Ï`«‰Ωõ x =∞#ã¨∞ ZÅ¡"àÕ Å◊ rq`«O H˘~°‰Ωõ Jxfl ÉO^è=Œ ÚÅ#∞ =^Œe "ÕÜ∞« =ÅÖˇ#<Õ
"åOKè« HõeyLO_»∞#∞.

‰õΩA_»∞ :
‰õΩA_»∞ *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ D~°¬, â∫~°ºÑ¨~å„Hõ=∞=Ú#∞, HÍ=∞ â◊H˜Îx, Ö’Éèí=Ú#∞, "≥O@<Õ Ñ¨Ù\˜ì# ™È^Œ~°∞#‰õΩ,
JyflH˜, "Õ_çH˜, Ѩà◊§#∞, Hõ+¨ì=Ú#∞, Hõ+¨ì=ÚÅ#∞ Z^Œ∞~˘¯#∞@‰õΩ â◊H˜Îx, ~°HõÎ=Ú#∞, P_»"åi *Ï`«Hõ=ÚÖ’ ÉèíiÎ#∞
Ñ≤# `«O„_çH˜ =∞#‰õΩ *Ï`«Hõ=ÚÖ’ `≥eÜ«∞*ËÜ«Ú#∞. ‰õΩA_»∞ â◊H˜Î "å_»∞ HÍ=Ù# |∞^èŒ∞xH˜ â◊„`«∞=Ù, HÀѨ
ã¨fiÉèÏ=O HÍ=Ù# J~Ú# â◊xH˜ â◊„`«∞=Ù L#flk L#fl@∞¡ K≥ѨÙC ã¨fiÉèÏ=O =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ â◊„`«∞=Ù, P_»"åi`À
ã¨iÜ≥ÿ∞# „Ѩ=iÎ# ÖËx QÆ∞}O `«# Ü≥ÚHõ¯ ^ÕǨÏO ‰õΩ =∂„`«O „â◊^Œú=Ç≤ÏOK«∞@ â◊√„‰õΩxH˜ ‰õΩAxH˜ "≥·~°O =∞#O
K«∂_»=K«∞Û.

"Õ∞+¨OÖ’ ‰õΩA_»∞ :
‰õΩA_»∞ "Õ∞+¨~åtÖ’ ã¨fiˆHΔ„`«=Ú =∞iÜ«Ú =¸Å„uHÀ}O, ˆHO„^ŒOÖ’ ~°qH˜ J#QÍ ~åA LK«Ûùã≤÷u
=Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ ~å[Ü≥∂y ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞, =∞Oz ã≤÷ux á⁄O^Œ∞@, ã¨=∂[OÖ’ Q˘Ñ¨Ê ã≤÷u LO_»∞ "åiÖ’
¿ãfiǨÏã¨O|O^è•Å∞ Hõey LO_»∞@. Wk Ü«∞O„`«=ÚʼnõΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# WÅ∞¡ HÍ=Ù# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ Ü«∞O„`«=ÚʼnõΩ
ã¨O|OkèOz# "å\˜`À P^•Ü«∞O á⁄O^Œ∞J=HÍâ◊O, D „Ѩ^Õâ◊OÖ’ â◊x hK« HÍ=Ù# `«# Hõ#fl `«‰õΩ¯= ™ê÷~Ú
"åi`À ¿ã=‰õΩÅ`À#∞ qÉèË^ŒO, W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞ =∞#O K«∂_»=K«∞Û.
- 38 -
‰õΩA_»∞ =$+¨Éèí~åtÖ’ :
‰õΩA_»∞ D ~åtÖ’ LO_»QÍ *Ï`«‰õΩ#‰õΩ =∞^茺~°HõO J~Ú# á⁄_»=Ù â◊s~°=Ú HõÅ"å_»∞, ¢ã‘Î *Ï`«HõOÖ’
K«H¯õ <≥#· #_»=_çHõ Hõeã≤# Éè~í .ΰ D Hˆ „Δ `«OÖ’ K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ LK«Ûù J#QÍ TǨâ◊H,Θ ~åǨï LK«Ûù HÍ=Ù# "≥∂ã¨ÑÓ¨ i`«"∞≥ #ÿ
PÖ’K«#Å∞, „ѨHõ¯# q∞^èŒ∞#~åtÖ’H˜ |∞^èŒ∞x #ѨHÍ~°O =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ `«# PÖ’K«##∞ HÍ~°º~°∂ѨO ÃÑ\˜ì
Ѩiã≤÷`«∞Å∞ =∞#O K«∂_»=K«∞Û. Wk â◊√„‰õΩx ~åt =∞iÜ«Ú ã¨Ç¨Ï[ ‰õΩ@∞O|O ™ê÷#O HÍ=Ù# *Ï`«‰õΩx
‰õΩ@∞O|OÖ’ HõÅǨÅ∞ WO\˜ =Å# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ U~°Ê_»∞#∞.

‰õΩA_»∞ q∞^èŒ∞#OÖ’ :
q∞^èŒ∞#OÖ’ ‰õΩA_»∞ H˘O`« Ñ≤iH˜"å_»x K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û. ZO^Œ∞Hõ#QÍ "≥#∞Hõ~åtÖ’ K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ LK«Ûù `«~åfi`«
~åt K«O„^Œ∞_ç ã¨fiˆHΔ„`«O =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞, x~°‚Ü«∂Å∞ fã¨∞H˘#∞@Ö’ W|ƒOk Ѩ_»∞@ K«∂_»=K«∞Û. ¢ã‘Î *Ï`«HõOÖ’
Éèí~°Î KåÖÏ `≥eqQÆÅ =ºHÎ̃, Jx =∞#O K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û. Éèí~°Î‰õΩ Hõ~å¯@ ~åtx QÆ∞~°∞=Ù LK«Ûù =Å# P^•Ü«∞=Ú ã¨OѨ^Œ
ã¨=∞‰õÄ~°∞#x =∞#=Ú K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û.

‰õΩA_»∞ Hõ~å¯@HõOÖ’ :
‰õΩA_»∞ Hõ~å¯@~åtÖ’ á⁄QÆ_»i, "Õ∞HõáÈ`«∞ QÍOcè~°ºO „Ѩ^Œi≈OK«∞"å_»∞, #Å¡x ~°OQÆ∞ QÆÅ"å_»∞,
P_»"åi *Ï`«HõOÖ’ QÆ∞O„_»x =ÚYO HõÅ"å~°∞ J~Ú LO_»∞#∞. W`«x *Ï`«HõOÖ’ Éèí~°Î‰õΩ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ ÉèíÜ«∞Ѩ_»∞
ã¨fiÉÏ=O Hõey#"å~°∞ J~Ú LO_»∞#∞. ã¨iÜ≥ÿ∞# x~°‚Ü«∞O fã¨∞HÀÖËx =ºH˜ÎQÍ Jxfl Ѩ#∞ÅÖ’ J==∂#=ÚÅ∞
Z^Œ∞~°QÆ∞ ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞ LO_»∞#∞.

‰õΩA_»∞ ã≤OǨÏOÖ’ :
‰õΩA_»∞ ã≤OǨÏ~åtÖ’ JO^Œ"∞≥ #ÿ â◊s~°O Hõey#"å~°∞, á⁄QÆ~∞° QÆÅ =ºH˜,Î =∞iÜ«Ú "åǨÏ# „Ѩ=∂^Œ=ÚÅ∞
Z^Œ∞~˘¯#∞ =ºHÎ̃QÍ=Ú hK« QÆ∞}=ÚÅ∞ Hõey# K«~º° á⁄O^Œ∞"åxQÆ, „ѨÉ∞íè `«fi ã¨OÉèOí kè`« =º‰õΩÅÎ ∞ ã¨O|O^è=Œ ÚÅ∞
Hõey LO_»∞@,JkèHõ L+¨‚=Ú ã¨OÉèíOkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ Z^Œ∞~˘¯#=K«∞Û.

‰õΩA_»∞ Hõ#ºÖ’ :
‰õΩA_»∞ Hõ<åº~åtÖ’ LO_»∞@ =Å# *Ï`«‰Ωõ _»∞ K«~‡° ã¨OÉèOí ^è"Œ ∞≥ #ÿ ã¨=∞㨺Å∞, Hõ_∞» ѨÙ#‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz#
ã¨=∞㨺Å∞, #~åÅ |ÅÇ‘Ï#`«, *Ï`«‰õΩx `«=Ú‡_»∞ `«# Ü≥ÚHõ¯ `≥eq `Õ@Å^•fi~å ^èŒ#O#∞ ã¨OáêkOK«∞@
[~°∞QÆ∞#∞. *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ Éèí∞^èŒ∞x Ü≥ÚHõ¯ ~åt LO_»∞@ =Å# |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ ^Œ$_è»"≥∞ÿ# â◊s~°O HõÅ"å_»∞ HÍ=Ù#
*Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ ÖÏ=ÙQÆ LO_»∞ â◊s~°O U~°Ê_»∞#∞. =∞iÜ«Ú =$uÎÖ’ Z‰õΩ¯= ™ê÷~ÚH˜ KÕ~°∞ J=HÍâßÅ∞ *Ï`«‰õΩ#‰õΩ
U~°Ê_»∞#∞.
- 39 -
‰õΩA_»∞ `«∞ÅÖ’ :
‰õΩA_»∞ `«∞ÖÏ~åtÖ’ LO_»∞@ =Å# `«∞Å~åt â◊√„‰õΩx ã¨O|OkèOz#~åt =∞iÜ«Ú ã≤i ã¨OѨ^ŒÅ‰õΩ
JkèѨu J~Ú# ÅH©Δ ‡^Õq â◊√„‰õΩxH˜ JkèѨu HÍ=Ù# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ ZÅ¡"Õà◊Å ^èŒ#O Ѩ@¡ "åº"≥∂ǨÏO LO_»∞#∞.
*Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞H˜ Pi÷Hõ ã¨OÉèíO^èŒ ÖÏ"å^ÕgÅ`À Z‰õΩ¯= „áêg}ºO LO_»∞@, `«∞Å~åt Éèí K«„HõOÖ’ q"åÇ¨Ï ™ê÷#O
HÍ=Ù# ã¨O™ê~°OÖ’ Z‰õΩ¯= P@∞áÈ@∞¡ =∞#O QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û. =∞iÜ«Ú J`åÎ, HÀ_»Å∞ *Ï`«‰õΩx =∞^茺 ã¨Yº`«
Ö’Ñ≤OK«∞#∞.

‰õΩA_»∞ =$tÛHõOÖ’ :
‰õΩA_»∞ =$tÛHõOÖ’ LO_»∞@ =Å# *Ï`«‰Ωõ _»∞ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍHÀѨO K≥O^Œ∞ ã¨fiÉèÏ=O, "≥ÚO_ç`#« O, =∞iÜ«Ú
x^èŒ∞ʼnõΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# =$`«∞ÎÅ∞, Ѩ#∞Å#∞ KÕÜ«∞=Öˇ#<Õ JaèÖÏ+¨. *Ï`«‰õΩx ã¨÷Å=ÚÖˇ· q"å^•Å∞, *Ï`«‰õΩx
ѨO\˜ ã¨=∞㨺Å∞, ™È^Œ~°∞Å "≥·~°O #∞ Z‰õΩ¯= ã≤÷~°O KÕÜ«Ú@ =∞#O K«∂_»=K«∞Û. P_»"åi ã¨∞YO H˘~°‰õΩ Z‰õΩ¯=
q"åǨÅ∞ [~°∞QÆ∞@ W|ƒOk Ѩ_»∞@ =∞#O K«∂_»=K«∞Û.

‰õΩA_»∞ ^èŒ#ã¨∞ûÖ’ :
‰õΩA_»∞ ^èŒ#ã¨∞û~åtÖ’ K«Hõ¯xâ◊s~° â∫+¨ì=O, H˘O`«ÖÏ=Ù, ^≥·=ÉèíH˜Î, Éèí∞^Œ∞x ã¨O|OkèOz# "åº^èŒ∞Å∞,
Jxfl~°HÍÅ É’QÆ=ÚÅ#∞ J#∞ÉèíqOK«∞"å_»∞ JQÆ∞#∞. P_»"åi *Ï`«Hõ=ÚÖ’ ‰õΩA_»∞ J#QÍ Éèí~°Î‰õΩ, `«~åfi`«
ѨÙ\˜ì# ™È^Œ~°∞#‰õΩ ÃÑ· ÅHõΔ}=Ú#∞ `«~åfiu ˆHΔ„`«O, =∞#‰õΩ WHõ¯_» ‰õΩA_»∞ LK«Ûù Hõ#∞Hõ =∞#O *Ï`«‰õΩ_çH˜
ã¨OÉèíOkèOK«# Ѩ~å„Hõ=∂Å∞ áÈ~å@Ѩ\ ˜=∞Å∞, HÍ=∞â◊H˜Î "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞#q *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ ѨiѨÓ~°‚OQÍ ÅaèOK«∞#∞.

‰õΩA_»∞ =∞Hõ~°~åtÖ’ :
D Hˆ „Δ `«OÖ’ ‰õΩA_»∞ LK«Û#∞ á⁄Ok# Hˆ „Δ `«=Ú HÍ=Ù# =∞Hõ~O° Ö’ ‰õΩA_»∞#fl *Ï`«‰Ωõ Å∞ „H©_®HÍ~°∞Å∞QÍ#∞,
=∞Å¡Ü≥∂^èŒ∞Å∞QÍ#∞, =∞Hõ~°O #∞Oz ã¨ÎѨ=∞=Ú Hõ~å¯@Hõ=Ú J~Ú##O^Œ∞ =Å# giH˜ „Ѩܫ∂}=ÚŠѨ@¡
=∞‰õΩ¯= Z‰õΩ¯=. P_»"åi *Ï`«HõOÖ’ ‰õΩA_»∞ Éèí~°ÎHÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ Hõ#∞Hõ Éèí~°Î LK«Ûùã≤÷uÖ’ LO_»∞#∞.
L^•: *Ï`«‰õΩ~åÅ∞ Ü«∂K«Hõ =$uÎÖ’ LO_ç##∞ `«#`À L#fl Ѩk ÅHõΔÅ=∞Ok Ü«∂K«‰õΩÅ#‰õΩ JkèѨu
J~ÚLO_»∞#∞. Éèí~°Î‰õΩ J#∞=∂#=Ú Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ LO_»∞#∞. DÜ≥ÚHõ¯ J#∞=∂#O =Å¡ ‰õÄ`«∞i rq`«OÖ’
Z‰õΩ¯= HõÅ`«Å∞ U~°Ê_ç "Õˆ~ q"åǨÏO U~°Ê_»∞@‰õΩ `À_»Ê_»∞#∞. D *Ï`«HõOÖ’ Ñ≤`«Î=Ú#‰õΩ ã¨=∞㨺Å∞O_»∞#∞.

‰õΩA_»∞ ‰õΩOÉèí~åt :
D *Ï`«HõOÖ’ ‰õΩA_»∞ ‰õΩOÉèí~åtÖ’ LO_»∞@ =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ "≥∞`«ÎQÍ, J=∂Ü«∞‰õΩ_çQÍ HõxÑ≤Oz
Ѩiã≤÷`«∞Å =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ „HÀ^èŒ=Ú, P"Õâ◊=Ú#‰õΩ Ö’#∞ J=Ù#∞. ‰õΩOÉèÏxH˜ ã¨Ñ¨Î=∞=Ú ã≤OǨÏ=Ú JQÆ∞@
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=Å# *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ L^•~°QÆ∞}O Z‰õΩ¯= LO_»∞#∞. P_»"åi *Ï`«HõOÖ’ ‰õΩA_»∞ Éèí~°ÎHÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ Hõ#∞Hõ Éèí~°Î‰õΩ
QÆOcè~°=Ú, JO^Œ=Ú, ~å[iHõ ÅHõΔ}=ÚÅ∞ L#fl =ºH˜Î ÅaèOK«∞#∞. ‰õΩOÉèí=Ú `«~°∞"å`« ˆHΔ„`«O g∞#O QÆ#∞Hõ ¢ã‘ÎÅ
=Å# Z‰õΩ¯= P^•Ü«∞O =∞iÜ«Ú HÀ~°∞ì q"å^•Å∞ U~°Ê_»@O =∞#O QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û.
‰õΩA_»∞ g∞#O :
D ˆHΔ„`«O QÆ∞~°∞=Ù‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# ˆHΔ„`«O QÆ#∞Hõ *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ Ѩq„`«∞_»∞. *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ Ѩ~°∞ʼnõΩ LѨHÍ~°O
KÕÜ«∞Hõ áÈ~Ú<å JѨHÍ~°O KÕÜ«∞_»∞. P_»"åi *Ï`«HõOÖ’ J~Ú`Õ Éèí~°Î L`«Î~° k‰õΩ¯#∞Oz, "Õ^Œ=∞O„`åÅ∞
ѨiîOK«∞QÍ#∞ =∞#‰õΩ QÀK«iOK«∞#∞. W`«xH˜ L=∞‡_ç ‰õΩ@∞O|O LO_»∞#∞. D ˆHΔ„`«O |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ hK« á⁄O^Œ∞@
=Å# =$uÎÖ’#∞ q^•ºÉèϺã¨OÖ’#∞ P@OHõ=ÚÅ∞ =∞#O K«∂_»=K«∞Û.

‰õΩA_»∞ qq^èŒ „QÆǨÅ HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å¡ U~°Ê_»∞ Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞ :

‰õΩA_»∞, ~°q :
~°q, ‰õΩAʼnõΩ Z@∞=O\˜ Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞_»∞<À ‰õΩ[, ~°qʼnõΩ J@∞=O\˜ Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞O_»∞#∞.
‰õΩ[, K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ :
K«O„^Œ, ‰õΩAʼnõΩ Z@∞=O\˜ Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞O_»∞<À ‰õΩ[, K«O„^Œ∞ʼnõΩ J@∞=O\˜ Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞O_»∞#∞.
‰õΩ[, |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ :
‰õΩ[, |∞^èŒ HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å# q^•ºÉèϺã¨OÖ’ Éèí∂q∞ =º=Ǩ~°OÖ’#∞, Hõx+¨ìÅÜ«∞O^Œ∞ q"å^Œ=ÚÅ∞
U~°Ê_»∞#∞. giH˜ Ü«∞O„`« ã¨O|O^èŒO J~Ú# q^Œº U~°Ê_»∞#∞. giH˜ XHõ „¿Ñ=∞ =º=Ǩ~°O ^≥|ƒu#∞#∞.
‰õΩ[, QÆ∞~°∞=Ù :
‰õΩ[, QÆ∞~°∞=Ù W^ŒÌ~°∞ q∞„`«∞Å∞, HÍ=Ù# giH˜ ã¨OѨ^Œ, JkèHÍ~°O, XѨCÖËx`«#O, <åÜ«∞‰õΩx ÅHõΔ}O,
JkèHõ HÀѨ=Ú, "≥ÚO_ç`«#O LO_»∞#∞.
L^• : *Ï`«‰õΩx KÕuÖ’ _»|∞ƒ LO>Ë Y~°∞Û ÃÑ>Ëì=~°‰õΩ x„^ŒÑ¨@ì^Œ∞. W`«#∞ =∞#ã¨∞û =∂~°∞ÛHÀ"åÖx
Zxfl ѨÓ[Å∞ KÕã≤# =º~°÷"Õ∞.
‰õΩ[, â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ :
‰õΩ[, â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞Å =Å# ÉèÏ~°º *Ï`«HõOÖ’ XHõ¯ ™È^Œ~°∞_»∞ `«Ñ¨Êxã¨iQÍ LO_»_»O =∞#O K«∂_»=K«∞Û.
ÉèÏ~°º "≥ÚO_ç ^•xQÍ, Hõiî#=∞#ã¨∞û#fl^•xQÍ =∞#O K«∂_»=K«∞Û. ÉèÏ~°º `«=Ú‡_»∞ hK«"≥∞ÿ# P_»"åi`À ã¨OѨ~°¯O
KÕã≤ `«`ü^•fi~å ã¨∞MÏxfl á⁄O^Œ∞`å_»∞. D *Ï`«‰õΩ~åe Éèí~°Î ~°Ç¨Ïºã¨"≥∞ÿ# Hõà◊Å#∞ á⁄Ok LO_»∞#∞.
L^• : *’ºu+¨O
D *Ï`«‰õΩ_çH˜ áêHõâߢã¨ÎO „áêg}ºO, Pi÷Hõ W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞ HõÅ∞QÆ∞#∞, D Ô~O_»∞ „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ L#fl ™ê÷#O
#∞Oz QÆ∞~°∞=Ù ^Œ$+≤ì 1,2, ‰õΩ ÖËHõáÈ~Ú<å ã¨O™ê~°O |O^èŒ=Ú W|ƒOkH˜ QÆ∞iKÕÜ«Ú#∞.

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‰õΩ[, â◊x :
‰õΩA_»∞ =∞# *Ï`«HõOÖ’ HÍ=∞â◊H˜Îx, â◊x =Å# ã¨O™ê~åxfl "å~°ã¨`åfixfl =∞#‰õΩ `≥eÜ«∞*Ë™êÎ~Ú.
‰õΩ[, â◊xÅ∞ Ѩ~°ã¨Ê~° â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ∞. HÍ=Ù# gi HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å# *Ï`«HõOÖ’ ã¨O™ê~° ã¨OÉèíOkèOz# W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞
HõÅ∞QÆ∞#∞. D Ô~O_»∞ „QÆǨÅ HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å# Éèí∂ ã¨O|O^èŒ"≥∞ÿ# q"å^•Å∞, =$uÎÖ’ q"å^•Å∞, HÍà◊§‰õΩ
ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞, "åǨÏ# „Ѩܫ∂}ÏÅ∞, ѨO\˜H˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ ‰õΩA_»∞ Éèí~°Î, ™È^Œ~°∞_»∞
HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ Hõ#∞Hõ ÃÑ· ã¨OÉèíOkèOz# ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞ giÜ≥ÚHõ¯ *Ï`«HõOÖ’ =∞#‰õΩ QÀK«iOK«∞#∞.

‰õΩA_»∞ ~åǨï=Ù :
‰õΩ[, ~åǨï=Ù =Å# *Ï`«HOõ Ö’ |O^è#Œ Ü≥∂QÆO U~°Ê_»∞#∞. "åǨÏ# „Ѩ=∂^•Å∞, ~°HÍÎxH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz#
ã¨=∞㨺Å∞. ‰õΩ[, ~åǨÏ=Ù { QÆ∞~°∞=Ù J~Ú`Õ K«Hõ¯x áÈbãπ JkèHÍi J=fi_»O. ‰õΩ[, ~åǨï=Ù { â◊x J~Ú`Õ
Hͺ#û~ü ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ ÉèÏ~°º ã¨O™ê~°ãO¨ |O^è"Œ ∞≥ #ÿ ã¨=∞㨺Å∞. ÉèÏ~°º =$uÎH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# P@OHÍÅ∞
=∂=∞QÍiH˜ J<å~ÀQƺO. ‰õΩA_»∞ Éèí~°Î, ™È^Œ~° HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ Hõ#∞Hõ ÃÑ· ã¨O|OkèOz# ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞ gi W~°∞=Ùi
*Ï`«HõOÖ’ K«∂_»=K«∞Û.
‰õΩA_»∞, ˆH`«∞=Ù :
=∞#‰õΩ *Ï`«HOõ Ö’ â◊x =`ü ~åǨï=Ù, ‰õΩ[ =`ü Hˆ `«∞=Ù Jx K≥¿ÑÊ"å~°∞.J~Ú#ѨÊ\˜H© Hˆ `«∞=Ù #=„QÆÇϨ O
J~Ú<å Ѷ¨e`« x~åú~°} =∂~°∞ÊLO_»∞#∞. ‰õΩA Éèí∂q∞ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ ˆH`«∞=Ù qǨ~åxH˜ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ HÍ=Ù# Éèí∂q∞Hõ
ã¨O|OkèOz# q"å^•Å∞ U~°Ê_»_»O, ¢ã‘Î *Ï`«HõOÖ’ Éèí~°Î ™È^Œ~°∞xH˜ ¿Ñ~°∞ „ѨMϺ`«∞Å∞ HõÅ"å~°∞ `«=∞ "≥#∞=O\˜
LO_ç, "åi Éèí=OuÖ’ x=ã≤OK«_»O, "åǨÏ#=ÚÅ∞ Hõey Ü«ÚO_»∞@, JkèHõ Y~°∞Û, P`«‡Ãã·÷~°ºO Ö’Ñ≤OK«∞@,
HõO\˜ K«∂Ѩ٠W|ƒOk "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞ ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ U~°Ê_»∞#∞.

|∞^èŒ∞_»∞ qq^èŒ ~åâ◊√ÅÖ’ L#flѨC_»∞ WK«∞Û Ñ¶¨e`«O :–

|∞^èŒ∞_»∞ qq^èŒ ~åâ◊√ÅÖ’ L#flѨC_»∞ U~°Ê_»∞ Ѷ¨e`«O :–
|∞^èŒ∞_»∞ "Õ∞+¨~åt :
|∞^è∞Œ _»∞ "Õ∞+¨~åtÖ’ `«# â◊„`«∞=Ù J~Ú# ‰õΩA_»∞ WO\˜Ö’ L#fl "Õ∞+¨~åt J#QÍ g∞#~åtH˜ ~Ô O_»=~åt
JO>Ë |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ `«# hK«"≥∞ÿ# „Ѩ^Õâ◊O #∞Oz â◊„`«∞=Ù „Ѩ^Õâ◊=Ú#‰õΩ =zÛÜ«Ú<åfl_»∞. HÍ=Ù# q^Œº‰õΩ P@OHÍÅ∞,
|∞^è∞Œ _»∞‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz HÍ~°H`õ fi« =ÚÅ∞ J~Ú# #~°=ÚÅ∞, K«~‡° =Ú, ÉèÏQÆ™êfi=∞º=Ú, Éè∂í q∞, Hõx+¨Åì ∞"≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞#q
*Ï`«HOõ Ö’ H˘OK≥O W|ƒOk KÕÜÚ« #∞. J~Ú##∞ ‰õΩA_»∞ Ü«∞O„`« ã¨OÉèOí ^è"Œ ∞≥ #ÿ HÍ~°‰Ωõ _»∞ Hõ#∞Hõ Ü«∞O„`«ãO¨ ÉèOí ^èOŒ
#∞Oz U ~°Ê_»∞#∞. "Õ∞+¨=Ú#‰õΩ Ô~O_»∞, U_»∞ Wà◊√§ â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞H˜ ã¨O|OkèOzO^≥·<å Wà◊√§ Hõ#∞Hõ P_»"åi #∞Oz,
ã¨=∂[O #∞Oz ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞ ã¨Ç¨ÏHÍ~åÅ∞ *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ ÅaèOK«∞#∞.

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=$+¨ÉèíOÖ’ |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ :
=$+¨ÉèíOÖ’ |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ `«# q∞„`«∞_≥·# â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ WO\˜Ö’ LO_»∞#∞. D ~åtÖ’ |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ q^•ºÉèϺã¨OÖ’
`≥eq`Õ@Å∞ K«∂Ñ≤OK«HõáÈ~Ú#ѨÊ\˜H˜ „|`«∞‰õΩ r=#OÖ’ W`«x `≥eq`Õ@Å∞ |Ü«∞@Ѩ_»∞#∞, q^Œº =¸ÅHõOQÍ
ã¨Å÷ =∂~°∞Ê,Physics, Chemistry, English Ö’`≥#· q+¨Ü∂« Å∞`≥Å∞ã¨∞H˘#∞@, JuHÍ=∞O, ÃÑ· ÅHõ}Δ ÏÅ∞ K«∂_»=K«∞Û.

q∞^èŒ∞#OÖ’ |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ :
q∞^èŒ∞#O Ѩ~å„Hõ=∞O‰õΩ ã¨O|O^èŒOz#k. WO^Œ∞Ö’ |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ ã¨fiˆHΔ„`«O HÍ=Ù# q^•ºÉèϺã¨O K«Hõ¯x ѨÙ~À
Jaè=$kú ¢ãÅΑ =¸ÅHõOQÍ W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞ QÆ∞ÑÎ̈~ÀQÆ=ÚÅ∞ `«# `≥eq`Õ@Å ^•fi~å ã¨=∂[OÖ’ QÆ∞iÎOѨÙ, JO^ŒiKÕ`«
„Ѩâ◊Oã¨Å∞ á⁄O^Œ∞@, =∂@HÍiQÍ LO_»∞#∞. Hõ~å¯@HõO `«^Œ∞Ѩi~åt HÍ=Ù# `«# q^ŒºKÕ`« *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ [#∞Å#∞
PHõi¬OK«∞#∞. ã¨Ñ¨Î=∞O QÆ∞~°∞=Ù‰õΩ ã¨O|OkOz# WÅ∞¡ HÍ=Ù# *Ï`«‰õΩx q^Œº QÆ∞~°∞=ÙÜ≥ÚHõ¯ Hõ$ѨLO_»_»O
^•xx =∞#O |∞kú"Õâı+≤`«õ Ü≥∂QÆOQÍ K≥ѨÊ|_»∞`«∞Ok.

|∞^èŒ∞_»∞ Hõ~å¯@Hõ=Ú:
|∞^èŒ∞_»∞ Hõ~å¯@Hõ ~åtÖ’ LO_»∞"åiH˜ q^Œº =¸ÅHõ=ÚQÍ "Õ~˘Hõ „Ѩ^Õâ◊OH˜ "≥à◊√§@, Hõx+¨ª ™È^Œ~°∞ʼnõΩ
^Œ∂~°OHÍ=Ù@, ™È^Œ~∞° _»∞ „ѨÉ∞íè `«fi L^ÀºQÆO ã¨OáêkOK«∞@, JHõ¯_» ¿ã=‰õΩÅ`À W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞, HÍà◊§‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz#
ã¨=∞㨺Å∞, |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ *Ï`«‰õΩÅ∞ JO^ŒOQÍ L#fl "åi`À „¿Ñ=∞ q"åǨÏO U~°Ê_»∞#∞. |∞^èŒ, K«O„^Œ∞Å#∞ =∞#O
*Ï`«HõOÖ’ JuHÍ=∞O ÖË^• `å~°`«=∞º=ÚÅ∞ ÖËx HÍ=∞O K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û.

|∞^èŒ∞_»∞ ã≤OǨÏOÖ’ :
|∞^èŒ∞_»∞ ã≤OǨÏ~åtÖ’ LO_»QÆ *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ ~å[iHõ, q^Œº, "Õ^Œq^Œº g∞^Œ K«Hõ¯x „áêg}ºO, ã¨Ñ¨Î=∞O
‰õΩOÉèíO HÍ=Ù# q^ŒºÖ’ J`«∞º#fl`«, W`«~°∞Å∞ "≥∞K«∞ÛHÀ^ŒQÆæѨiã≤÷u `«~°∞"åu ˆHO„^ŒO |∞^èŒ∞x LK«ÛˆHO„^ŒO HÍ=Ù#
q^ŒºÅ∞ J`«∞º#fl`« ™ê÷~Ú, ¢ã=Α ¸ÅHõOQÍ W|ƒOk, ã¨à÷ O◊ Hõeã≤ LO_»∞@, K«Å#z„`«Ñi¨ „â◊=∞Ö’ K«H¯õ x ѨÙ~Àaè=$kú,
™È^Œ~°∞_»∞, J==∂#=Ú, xO^ŒÅ∞, ^•\˜=zÛ# =ºH˜Î Jx =∞#O K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û.

|∞^èŒ∞_»∞ Hõ#ºÖ’ :
|∞^èŒ∞_»∞ Hõ<åº~åt LK«Ûùã≤÷uÖ’ LO_»∞#∞. nxx Éèí„^Œ ѨÙ~°∞+¨ =∞ǨÜ≥∂QÆO Jx JO\Ï~°∞. #∞^Œ∞~°∞
"≥_»Å∞Ê#∞, z=i "ÕÅ∞á⁄_»=ÙQÍ LOQÆ~°O"ÕÅ∞ "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ Hõ}∞Ѩ٠^•@∞@, ™È^Œ~°∞xH˜ ¢ã‘Îã¨O`å#O, HõàÏ~°OQÆOÖ’,
HõOѨӺ@~ü ã¨O|OkèOz# q^Œº, kfiuÜ«∂~°O÷ Ö’ "≥#∞fl<˘Ñ≤Ê, K«~‡° ~ÀQÍÅ∞, |∞[=ÚʼnõΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞,
¢ã‘ÎʼnõΩ |∞∞`«∞ ã¨O|O^èŒO =Å# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ =∞#O QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û.

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|∞^èŒ∞_»∞ `«∞Å~åt :
|∞^èŒ∞_»∞ `«∞ÖÏ~åt q∞„`«ˆHΔ„`«OÖ’ LO_»∞@=Å#, â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ =∞x+≤Ü≥ÚHõ¯ `Õ[ã¨∞û‰õΩ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ HÍ=_»O
=Å# q^Œº =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩx `≥eq`Õ@Å∞ ^•x^•fi~å HÍ~°ºx~°fiǨÏ}, =∞Oz L^ÀºQÆO HõÅ∞QÆ∞#∞. HÍx D ~åtÖ’
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ LK«Ûù HÍ=Ù# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ q^Œº H˘~°‰õΩ JkèHõ ^èŒ#O Y~°∞ÛÃÑ@ì_»O, *Ï`«‰õΩx ™È^Œ~°∞_»∞^Œ∂~° „Ѩܫ∂}ÏÅ∞
KÕÜ«Ú@, ™È^Œ~°∞_»∞ `«e¡H˜ ¿ã=KÕÜ«Ú@, `«~°∞"åu ™ê÷#O =$tÛHõO Hõ#∞Hõ ~°Ç¨Ï㨺 q+¨Ü«∂ʼnõΩ ã¨O|OkèOz#
ã¨=∂Kå~°O `«fii`«QÆu# ¿ãHõiOK«∞@ =∞#O K«∂_»=K«∞Û.

|∞^èŒ∞_»∞ =$tÛHõ~åtÖ’ :
q^Œº‰õΩ P@OHõ=ÚÅ∞, Ü«∞O„`« ѨiHõ~°=ÚʼnõΩ ã¨O|OkèOz#k, ™È^Œ~°∞_»∞ L#flKÀ Ü«∞O„`« q^Œº Hõey
LO_»∞#∞. *Ï`«‰Ωõ _»∞#‰õΩ q^•ºÉèºí ã¨=ÚÖ’ H˘O`« =∂#ã≤HOõ QÍ W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞, q^Œº#∞ Éè’kèOK«∞_»OÖ’ D *Ï`«‰Ωõ ʼnõΩ
K«Hõ¯x „áêq}ºO, ã¨÷ÅO‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# q"å^•Å∞, *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ K«~°‡ã¨OÉèíO^èŒO J~Ú# ~ÀQÍÅ∞, K«kq#
q^Œº‰õΩ =$uÎ =Å# ã¨iJ~Ú# P#O^ŒO ÖËHõáÈ=Ù@ QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û.

|∞^èŒ∞_»∞ ^èŒ#ã¨∞û~åtÖ’ :
*Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ "Õ^•O`«O ã¨OÉèíOkèOz# q^ŒºÖ’ K«Hõ¯x „áêg}ºO, Hõx+¨μªÅ‰õΩ ã≤iã¨OѨ^ŒÅ∞, #~°=ÚÅ∞
ã¨O|O^è#Œ Oz# |ÅÇ‘Ï#`«, Éè∂í q∞H˜ ã¨O|OkèOz q"å^•Å∞, *Ï`«‰Ωõ x ÉèÏ~°º ^•fi~å K«H¯õ x WO\˜x QÆ$ǨτѨ"âÕ =◊ Ú,
"åǨÏ<åÅ∞, q^ŒºÖ’ P@OHÍÅ∞, "å‰õΩ¯ ã¨Ê+¨ì`«.

|∞^èŒ∞_»∞ =∞Hõ~°~åtÖ’ :
D ~åtÖ’ |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ LO_»QÍ *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ Ü«∞O„`« ã¨O|O^èŒ"≥∞ÿ# q^Œº, q^•ºÉèϺã¨O H˘~°‰õΩ Ñ¨Ù\˜ì#
„Ѩ^Õâ◊O =^Œ∞Å∞@ JHõ¯_» J==∂<åÅ∞ =∞iÜ«Ú HÍ~°ºO ã¨Ñ¶¨ÅO HÍHõáÈ=_»O. ™È^Œ~°∞_»∞ ‰õΩ@∞O|O =ke
^Œ∂~°O „Ѩ^Õâ◊O "≥à◊√§@. Hõx+¨ª ™È^Œ~°∞ʼnõΩ Pi÷Hõ W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞, J==∂#=ÚÅ∞, `«e¡QÍiH˜ áê`« Éèí=Ou, ã¨÷ÅO
Hõey LO_»∞@ `«O„_çQÍ~°∞ \©K«~üQÍx, [#∞Å∞ `«#∞ K«∞@∂ì u~°∞QÆ∞ =$uÎ KÕÜ«∞_»O =∞#O K«∂_»=K«∞Û.

|∞^èŒ∞_»∞ ‰õΩOÉèí~åtÖ’ :
D ~åtÖ’ |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ Ѩiâ’^èŒ# ™ê÷#OÖ’ L<åfl_»x ÉèÏqOKåe. WHõ¯_» *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ Ѩk=∞Ok =º‰õΩÎʼnõΩ
XHõ¯=∂@ ^•fi~å ã¨=∂^è•#O WK«∞Û â◊H˜ÎQÆÅ"å_»∞. giH˜, gi ™È^Œ~°∞ʼnõΩ (Hõx+¨ª) „ѨÉèí∞`«fi =¸ÅHõOQÍ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞
ã¨Ç¨ÏHÍ~åÅ∞ ¢ã‘Î =¸ÅHõOQÍ ã≤iã¨OѨ^ŒÅ∞, ™È=∞i`«#O Hõey#∞O_»∞@, `«O„_ç`À qÉèË^è•Å∞, K«Hõ¯x "å‰õΩ¯
"≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞#q =∞#O QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û.

- 44 -
|∞^èŒ∞_»∞ g∞#~åt :
|∞^èŒ∞_»∞ g∞#~åtÖ’ hK« „QÆǨÏ=ÚQÍ =∞#O =i‚™êÎ=Ú. HÍ=Ù# *Ï`«‰õΩx q^ŒºÖ’ ™ê^è•~°} ã≤÷u
QÆ∞iOz J`«∞º#fl`«"∞≥ #ÿ q^Œº‰õΩ ^•ifÜ«Ú Ñ¨iã≤`÷ ∞« Å∞, *Ï`«‰Ωõ xH˜ q^Œº^•fi~å ã¨=∂[OÖ’ Q˘Ñ¨Ê ™ê÷~Ú =º‰õΩÅÎ `À
ѨiK«Ü«∞O =∞iÜ«Ú ™È^ŒiH˜ ã¨O™ê~°O W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞ ÉèÏ~°º JkèHõ Y~°∞Û KÕÜ«Ú LO_»∞@. *Ï`«‰õΩ#‰õΩ Ü«∞O„`«
ã¨OÉèíOkèOz# q^Œº „áêg}ºO ÃÑ^ŒÌÅ ã¨Ç¨ÏHÍ~°O "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞#flq =∞#O K«∂_»=K«∞Û.

|∞^èŒ∞_»∞ qq^èŒ „QÆǨÅ Hõe~ÚHõ =Å¡ =K«∞Û Ñ¶¨e`åÅ∞ :

„H˜O^Œ\ ˜ J^蕺ܫ∂Ö’ |∞^èŒ∞x HÍ~°Hõ`«º=ÚÅ∞ J~Ú# q^Œº#∞ qq^èŒ „QÆǨÅ ^•fi~å qâı¡+¨} [iyOk.
|∞^èŒ∞_»∞ q∞QÆ`« „QÆǨÅ Hõ~åHõ`«fi=ÚÅ∞ PÜ«∂ „QÆǨÏO HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å# =K«∞Û Ñ¶¨e`åÅ∞ =∞#O „H˜Ok\˜ J^蕺ܫ∞O
^•fi~å `≥Å∞ã¨∞H˘#=K«∞Û.

QÆ∞~°∞„QÆǨÏO :
*Ï`«HõOÖ’ QÆ∞~°∞„QÆǨÏO Éèí K«„HõOÖ’x qq^èŒ~åâ◊√Ö’ ã¨OK«iOz#ѨC_»∞ QÆ∞~°∞„QÆǨÏO P^è•~°OQÍ
*Ï`«‰õΩx â◊s~°O, =Ú‰õΩ¯, J~°KÕuÖ’x ǨÏ$^ŒÜ«∞ˆ~Y ÖËHõ QÆ∞~°∞ˆ~Y =∞iÜ«Ú Pi÷Hõ ã≤÷u, =∞`«ã¨O|O^èŒ"≥∞ÿ#
q+¨Ü∞« O ã¨=∂*OÖ’x ¿Ñ~°∞, H©iÎ „Ѩu+¨Åª ∞, Q“~°=O , ~Ô O_»=ã¨O`å#O, `«O„_ç =¸_»=™È^Œ~∞° _»∞ `≥Å∞ã¨∞H˘#=K«∞Û.

QÆ∞~°∞=Ù "Õ∞+¨~åtÖ’ :
D ~åtÖ’ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù `«# q∞„`«∞_≥·# ‰õΩA_»∞ WO\’¡ LO_»∞@ =Å# |e+¨ì"≥∞ÿ# â◊s~°=Ú W^Õ ~åtÖ’ â◊x
hK«∞_»∞ HÍ=_»OÖ’ ã¨#fl\˜ á⁄_»=~Ú# â◊s~°O, L+¨‚=Ú ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ "Õ∞+¨=Ú#‰õΩ 2,7 â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞
ã¨O|OkèOz# ~åâ◊√Å∞ HÍ=Ù# P_»"åix PHõi¬OK«∞#∞.

QÆ∞~°∞=Ù =$+¨Éèí~åtÖ’ :
Wk â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ ã¨O|OkèOz ~åt HÍ=Ù# =∞^茺~°Hõ=Ú H˘O`« ã¨∂÷ÅHÍÜ«∞=Ú, QÆ∞O„_»x=ÚY=Ú, "å‰õΩ¯
Kå`«∞~°º=Ú, JkèHÍ~°∞Å#∞ PHõi¬OK«∞ â◊H˜Î, ^èŒ#HÍ~°‰õΩÖˇ·# QÆ∞~°∞=Ù ÅH©Δ ‡HÍ~°‰õΩ_≥·# â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ WO\’¡ LO_»∞@
=Å# ^èŒ#Ü≥∂QÍÅ∞Ö’ XHõ Ü≥∂QÆ=ÚQÍ K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û. D ~åtÖ’ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù `«# ã¨<£"≥∂ǨÏ#â◊H˜Î =∂@ÅÖ’
~å[H©Ü«∞ <åÜ«∞‰õΩÅ∞, JkèHÍ~°∞Å#∞ K«Å# z„`«=ÚʼnõΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# "å~°x PHõ@∞ì_»OÖ’ ã≤^ŒúǨÏã¨∞Î_»∞.
"å`«=Ú#‰õΩ HÍ~°‰õΩ_≥·# â◊x LK«Ûù L#fl~åtÖ’ LO_»∞@ =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩx Qͺãπ„\˜H± „@|∞Öò =K«∞Û#∞. âßfiã¨HÀâ◊
ã¨O|OkèOz# "åº^èŒ∞Å∞ =K«∞Û#∞.

- 45 -
QÆ∞~°∞=Ù q∞^èŒ∞#OÖ’ :
q∞^èŒ∞#O `≥eq`Õ@ʼnõΩ JkèѨu J~Ú# |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ ã¨O|OkèOz# ~åt HÍ=_»O =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ `«#
|∞kú |Å=Ú g∞^Œ P^è•~°Ñ¨_»∞#∞. |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ "≥·â◊º_»∞ HÍ=Ù# *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ á⁄@ì~å=_»O, J~°KÕuÖ’ QÆ∞~°∞ˆ~Y
#∞Oz =∞~˘Hõ¯ˆ~Y |∞^茙ê÷#fl=Ú#∞‰õΩ J#flQÍ z=i „"ÕÅ∞‰õΩ ~å=_»O Hõ~å¯@HõO 2= ~åt Hõ#∞Hõ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù
LK«Ûùá⁄O^Œ_»O =Å# Pi÷HõOQÍ K«Hõ¯x ѨÙ~Àaè=$kú [#∞ʼnõΩ „Ñ‘u áê„`«∞_»∞, W`«~° ¢ã‘ÎÅ`À ã¨O|O^èŒO "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ·#
ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞ K«∂_»=K«∞Û.

QÆ∞~°∞=Ù Hõ~å¯@HõO :
D ~åtÖ’ L#fl"åiH˜ ѨH˜ΔH˜ L#fl =Ú‰õΩ¯, K«∂K«∞@‰õΩ K«Hõ¯x â◊s~°™œ+¨ìO, *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ QÆ∞~°∞ˆ~Y,
|∞^茙ê÷#O #∞Oz |Ü«∞Å∞^Õi QÆ∞~°∞™ê÷#=Ú#‰õΩ JO`«O J=_»O.x~°O`«~° q^•ºÑ¨~î°#O, [#∞ʼnõΩ ã¨O|O^èŒO
QÆÅ q^ŒºÅ∞ JÉèíºã≤OK«∞"å~°∞. HõѶ¨=Ú#‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞, ÉÏźOÖ’ K«∂K«∞@‰õΩ J<åQÆiHõOQÍ
HõxÑ≤Oz#ѨÊ\˜H,© ã¨=∂[OÖ’ J`«∞º#fl`«"∞≥ #ÿ ™ê÷~ÚH˜ "≥o§ `«=∞ q^ŒºÖ’ ã¨=∂*Ïxfl ã¨xflÇ≤Ï`«∞Å∞KÕÜ∞« QÆÅ`«~∞° .

QÆ∞~°∞=Ù ã≤OǨÏ~åt:
ã≤OǨÏO JO>Ë ã≤OǨÏO =O\˜ =Ú‰õΩ¯ QÆÅ"å_»∞, ~å[iHõ ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞ QÆOcè~°OQÍ LO_»∞"å_»∞. `«O„_ç
z#fl`«#OÖ’ `«# Ü≥ÚHõ¯ ¿ã=Å#∞ ã¨=∂[O‰õΩ JOkOK«∞@. *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ XHõ ѨÙ~°∞+¨ ã¨O`å#O Hõey LO_»∞@,
JkèHõ L+¨‚ã¨=∞㨺Å∞, #~åÅ |ÅÇ‘Ï#`«, ã¨=∂[OÖ’ Q“~°= =º‰õΩÎÅ HõÅ~ÚHõ =∞iÜ«Ú ã¨Ç¨ÏHÍ~°OÖ’ QÆ∞~°∞ˆ~Y
#∞Oz XHõ ˆ~Y ~°q ™ê÷#OÖ’H˜ "≥à◊√§@, *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ ~åA J~Ú##∞, *Ï`«‰õΩx `«O„_ç „ÉÏǨχ}∞x =Öˇ
™êufi‰õΩ_»∞JQÆ∞#∞.
QÆ∞~°∞_»∞ Hõ#º ~åtÖ’ :
QÆ∞~°∞=Ù |∞^Œ∞_»∞ LK«Û L#fl ~åã≤Ö’ LO_»∞@ =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ J`«∞º#fl`«"≥∞ÿ# `≥eqQÆÅ"å_»∞. HõѶ¨
ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ HõÅ"å_»∞, "≥ÚO_ç"å_»∞, ¢ã‘Î =Å# ÉèÏkèOѨѨ_»∞"å_»∞, `«O„_ç ã¨Ç¨ÏHÍ~°O, JkèHÍ~°∞Å ã¨Ç¨ÏHÍ~°O,
ÅaèOz# "å_»∞. Pi÷Hõ ã¨O|O^èŒ"≥∞ÿ# =º‰õΩÎÅ∞ HõÅ"å_»∞, K«Ñ≤q∞_ç =Ú‰õΩ¯, ÖÏ=Ù, =∞^茺~°Hõ"≥∞ÿ# á⁄_»=Ù, <À~°∞
ÃÑ^ŒÌk HõÅ"å_»∞, ѨO_»¡ W|ƒOk HõÅ"å_»∞, "åǨÏ# „Ѩ=∂^ŒO á⁄Oz LO_»∞@, *Ï`«‰õΩx ™È^Œ~°∞Å`À Z_»ÉÏ@∞
HõeyLO_»∞@ ‰õΩ@∞O|=Ú#‰õΩ ¿ã= KÕÜ«Ú"å_»∞ JQÆ∞#∞.
QÆ∞~°∞_»∞ `«∞ÖÏ~åtÖ’ :
`«∞ÖÏ~åtÖ’ =∞^茺"≥∞ÿ# á⁄_»=Ù, uO_çѨ@¡, ¢ã‘ÎÅѨ@¡, ^Œ∞ã¨∞ÎÅѨ@¡ "åº"≥∂ǨÏO, Z‰õΩ¯=, „Ѩܫ∂}O
KÕÜ«Ú"å_»∞, Y~°∞ÛÃÑ@∞ì"å_»∞, ã≤÷~°=∞#ã¨∞ûÖËx"å_»∞, "≥ÚO_ç"å_»∞, J<å~ÀQƺ"≥∞ÿ# `«O„_ç, H˘_»∞‰õΩ Hõey#"å_»∞,
HõѶ¨~ÀyQÍ#∞, Hõà◊§‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# ~ÀQÆ=Ú HõÅ"å_»∞, JkèHÍ~°∞Å∞ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞O á⁄O^Œ∞"å_»∞ JQÆ∞#∞.

- 46 -
QÆ∞~°∞=Ù =$tÛHõOÖ’ :
Wk ‰õΩA#‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# „Ѩ^Õâ◊O ‰õΩA_»∞ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù. WHõ¯_» L+¨‚O‰õΩ ã¨OÉOkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞,
=$uÎÖ’ ™ê#∞‰õÄÅ`« ÖËHõáÈ=_»O, J`«∞º#fl =º‰õΩΊѨiK«Ü«∂Å∞, ã¨÷Å q"å^•Å∞, "≥∂HõΔO H˘~°‰õΩ `«Ñ≤OK«_»O,
Pi÷Hõ q"å^•Å∞, Y~°∞ÛÃÑ@ì@‰õΩ W+¨ìѨ_»q#"å_»∞. `«e¡`À qÉèËkèOK«∞"å_»∞, ~°HõÎ =~°‚ â◊s~°O HõÅ"å_»∞, ™È^Œ~°∞Å∞
K«Hõ¯x Pi÷Hõ ã≤÷u á⁄O^Œ∞@, a.Ñ≤ JkèHõO J=Ù@, "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞ ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ =∞#O QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û.ÉèÏ~°º `≥eq HõÅk
J~ÚLO_»∞#∞.

QÆ∞~°∞=Ù ^èŒ#ã¨∞ûÖ’ :
á⁄_»=Ù J~Ú# =ÚHõ¯ HõÅ"å_»∞, `Õ[ã¨∞û HõÅ"å_»∞, ‰õΩAx HÍ~°Hõ`«fiÅ∞ J~Ú# ã¨÷Å=ÚÅ∞, Ѩà◊√§,
Z=ÚHõÅ∞, q"å^•Å∞ "≥Ú^ŒÅ~Ú# "å\˜ ^•fi~å ^èŒ# ã¨Oáê^Œ#. ÉèÏ~°º „HÀ^èŒO HõÅ^•xQÍ#∞, K«Hõ¯x HÍ~°º
ã¨=∞~°÷`«, q"å^•Å∞, Pi÷Hõ Jaè=$kú `«O„_çH˜ ã¨=∂[OÖ’ ¿Ñ~°∞ „Ѩu+¨ìÅ∞, ™êufiHõ`« "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ·#q =∞#O
QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û.

QÆ∞~°∞=Ù =∞Hõ~°OÖ’ :
q∞^èŒ∞#~åt JkèѨu â◊x Hõ#∞Hõ *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ â◊xH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# "å`«=Ú, 7= ~åt K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ HÍ=Ù#
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ ã¨O|OkèOz# HõѶ¨=Ú ã¨=∞㨺Å∞, D ~åtÖ’ ‰õΩA_»∞ LK«ÛùHõ#∞Hõ, „HÀ^èŒ=Ú, HõO_»Å∞ uiy#
â◊s~°=Ú, J„QÆAxH˜ Pi÷HÍaè=$kú, =$uÎ hu xÜ«∞=∂Å∞`À ѨxKÕÜ«Ú@, *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ ‰õΩAx =Å# xO^ŒÅ∞
J#QÍ |O^èŒ∞=ÙÅ∞ ¿ãflÇ≤Ï`«∞Å∞, Jáê~°÷O KÕã¨∞H˘#∞@ QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û.

QÆ∞~°∞=Ù ‰õΩOÉèíOÖ’ :
‰õΩOÉèíO Ѩiâ’^èŒ#‰õΩ ã¨O|OkOz# ~åt HÍ=Ù# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ D ~åtÖ’ Ѩiâ’^èŒ# g∞^Œ Pã¨H˜Î, â◊x
ã¨O|OkèOz# W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞, „ѨÉèí∞`«fi, ~å[H©Ü«∞<åÜ«∞‰õΩÅ ã¨Ç¨ÏHÍ~°O Pi÷HõOQÍ =ÚO^Œ∞ JO["ÕÜ«Ú@, ã¨#flx
á⁄_»"≥·# â◊s~°O, Hõx+¨μªÅ∞, ÉO^èŒ∞=ÙÅ∞, ¿ãflÇ≤Ï`«∞Å∞ ^èŒ#^•Ç¨ÏO Hõeã≤# =º‰õΩÎÅ∞QÍ =∞#O QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û.

QÆ∞~°∞=Ù g∞#OÖ’ :
g∞#~åt *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ ã¨fiˆHΔ„`«O. HÍ=Ù# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ WHõ¯_» "Õ^Œ âߢã¨Î=ÚʼnõΩ, =∞`«=Ú#‰õΩ ã¨OÉèíOkèOz#
K«^Œ∞=ÙÅ g∞^Œ Pã¨H˜Î, "≥∂HõΔO H˘~°‰õΩ „áê‰õΩÖÏ_»∞@, K≥qH˜, K«~°‡O‰õΩ, Éèí∞[O‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ =∞#O
QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û.

- 47 -
 QÆ∞~°∞ „QÆǨÏO qq^èŒ „QÆǨÅ Hõe~ÚHõ =Å# WK«∞Û q=~åÅ∞ :
QÆ∞~°∞=Ù – ~°q :
QÆ∞~°∞=Ù ~°q HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ H˘O`« L„^ÕHõO HõÅ"å_»∞, ~åA=O\˜ ÅHõΔ}=ÚÅ∞ HõÅ"å_»∞,
L^•~°ã¨fiÉèÏ=O HõÅ"å_»∞, `«O„_ç ™êufiHõ ã¨fiÉèÏ=OQÍ#∞, ™È^Œ~°∞Å∞ ™È=∞~°∞Å∞QÍ#∞, ÉèÏ~°º J<å~ÀQƺOQÍ#∞
x~°‚Ü«∞O `«fii`«QÆu# fã¨∞HÀÖËHõáÈ=Ù@ "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞#q =∞#O K«∂_»=K«∞Û.

QÆ∞~°∞=Ù – K«O„^Œ :
(K«O„^Œ – QÆ∞~°∞=٠Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞ K«∂_»O_ç)
QÆ∞~°∞=Ù – ‰õΩ[ :
(‰õΩ[ – QÆ∞~°∞=٠Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞ K«∂_»O_ç)
QÆ∞~°∞=Ù – |∞^èŒ :
(|∞^èŒ – QÆ∞~°∞=٠Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞ K«∂_»O_ç)
QÆ∞~°∞=Ù – â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ :
(^èŒ# Ü≥∂QÆO‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# J^蕺ܫ∂Å∞ K«∂_»O_ç)
QÆ∞~°∞=Ù – â◊x :
(=$uÎH˜ ã¨OÉèíOkèOz# P^蕺ܫ∞OÖ’ Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞ K«∂_»O_ç)
QÆ∞~°∞=Ù – ~åǨï=Ù:
(q^ÕjÜ≥∂QÆO ã¨O|OkèOz# J^蕺ܫ∂Å∞ K«∂_»O_ç)
QÆ∞~°∞=Ù – ˆH`«∞=Ù :
("≥∂HõΔO Ü≥∂QÆOÖ’x J^蕺ܫ∞O K«∂_»O_ç)
â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ qq^èŒ ~åâ◊√ÅÖ’ LO_»QÍ U~°Ê_»∞ ѨiK«Ü«∂Å∞ :
â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ ¢ã‘ÎʼnõΩ [#HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞, JHõ¯#∞, ÉèÏ~°º, HÀ_»ex ã¨∂zOK«∞"å_»∞, ã¨∞Yã¨OѨ^ŒÅ‰õΩ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞.
ã¨∞Y=Ú#‰õΩ , ã≤i ã¨OѨ^ŒÅ‰õΩ "åǨÏ#=ÚÅ∞, QÆ$ǨÏ=Ú#‰õΩ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞, â∫~°º=Ú#‰õΩ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞, K«ÔH¯~°"åºkèH˜,
=¸„`«Ñ≤O_»=ÚÅÖ’ „Ѩ=Ç≤ÏOK«∞ ~°HõÎ=Ú#‰õΩ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞.
â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ "Õ∞+¨~åtÖ’ :
"Õ∞+¨~åt J#QÍ K«„Hõ=iÎ ™ê÷#=Ú. D ~åtÖ’ â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ LO>Ë P_»"åi *Ï`«HõOÖ’ HõàÏHÍ~°∞Å
=O\˜=ÚMO, K«∂K«∞@‰õΩ PHõi¬OK«∞ ~°∂Ѩ=Ú, `«‰õΩ¯=„â◊=∞ Z‰õΩ¯= ^èŒ#ã¨Oáê^Œ#, =∞Oz ‰õΩ@∞O|O, Pi÷Hõ
ã≤÷u #∞Oz =K«∞Û@, L+¨‚ ã¨O|O^èŒO J~Ú# "åº^èŒ∞Å∞, HÍà◊§‰õΩ ã¨OÉèíOkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞, =∂#ã≤HõOQÍ
XuÎ_»∞Å#∞ Z^Œ∞~˘¯#ÖËHõáÈ=Ù@ ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞ K«∂_»=K«∞Û.

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â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ =$+¨Éèí~åtÖ’ :
â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ =$+¨Éèí~åtÖ’ ã¨fi™ê÷#OÖ’ LO\Ï_»∞. ~å[iHõO, K«Hõ¯x Pi÷Hõ ã≤÷u, "åǨÏ#O, WÅ∞¡, ™È^Œi,
¢ã‘Î *Ï`«HõOÖ’ QÆ∞O„_»x =ÚYO PHõ@∞ìHÀQÆÅ ~°∂ѨO, Y~°∞Û Z‰õΩ¯= ÃÑ@∞ì@, `«O„_çH˜ H˘OK≥O W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞,
Éèí=O`«∞ÅÖ’ x=ã≤OK«∞@, "åǨÏ#=ÚÅÖ’ ã¨OK«iOK«∞@, "åH±Kå`«∞~°ºO Hõà◊ÅÖ’ „áêg}ºO. gi WO\˜Ö’
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ LK«ÛùQÍ =Ù#fl `«e¡, LK«ÛQÍ#∞, WO\˜ ÃÑ·# "åi Ü≥ÚHõ¯ „ѨÉèÏ=O LO_»∞#∞.
â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ q∞^èŒ∞#O :
H˘O`«ÖÏ=ÙQÆÅ *Ï`«‰õΩ~åÅ∞, Y~°∞Û ÃÑ@∞ì@, *Ï`«‰õΩx Ü≥ÚHõ¯ `≥eq`Õ@Å∞ ã¨=∂[OÖ’ „Ѩ"ÕtOz
`«^•fi~å "åi =∞#fl#Å∞ á⁄O^Œ∞#∞. ‰õÄ`«∞~°∞¡ KåÖÏ ã¨∞xfl`« ã¨fiÉèÏ=O HõÖ"å~°∞, "åºáê~°O KÕÜ∞« _»OÖ’ ã≤^ÇúŒ Ϩ ã¨_Î ∞» ,
K«Hõ¯x ^èŒ# ã¨Oáê^Œ#, =∞QÆ"åiH˜ =K«∞ÛÉèÏ~°º H˘O`« Jxfl <å‰õΩ =∂„`«"Õ∞ K≥O^•e J#∞ ã¨fiÉèÏ=O LO_»∞#∞.

â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ Hõ~å¯@HõO :
â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ Hõ~å¯@HõOÖ’ =ÙO_»∞@ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ â◊H˜Î HõÅ∞QÆ∞@, ÉèÏ~°º K«Hõ¯x ^èŒ#ã¨Oáê^Œ#, J<å~ÀQƺO,
Ô~O_»= Hõ~å¯@HõO J#QÍ ã≤OǨÏO ^•x ã¨OÉèíOkèOz#k HÍ=Ù#, ^•x „ѨÉèÏ=O ^•fi~å ^èŒ# ã¨Oáê^Œ#, ã¨Ñ¨Î=∞O
=∞Hõ~°O ã¨O|OkèOz#k HÍ=Ù# ¿ã=‰õΩÅ g∞^Œ JkèѨu J=fi_»O, K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ WÅ∞¡ HÍ=Ù# J`«ÎQÍi`À "åiH˜
ã¨iS# ã¨O|O^è•Å∞ ÖËHõáÈ=Ù@ "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞#q [~°QÆ=K«∞Û. K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ ~åt HÍ=Ù# „Ѩu ѨxÖ’
J#∞=∂#O, J|„^Œ`«, ~åtÖ’ ‰õΩA_»∞ |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ â◊„`«∞=Ù HÍ=Ù#, ‰õΩAxH˜ |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞
=∞#O K«∂_»=K«∞Û.

â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ ã≤OǨÏOÖ’ :
â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ ~å[ºOÖ’ LO_»∞@ =Å#, „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO =Å#, ¿ãflÇ≤Ï`«∞Å =Å# ã¨Ç¨ÏHÍ~°O, Hõiî# Ѩ^Œú`«∞Å∞,
‰õΩ=∂~°∞_»∞ KåÖÏ ¿Ñ~°∞„Ѩu+¨ªÅ∞ QÆÅ ‰õΩ@∞O|OÖ’H˜ "≥à◊√§@, J^Õq^èŒOQÍ K≥Öˇ¡Å∞#∞ =∞#O K«∂_»=K«∞Û.
Ô~O_»=k Hõ#º HÍ=Ù# D ~åtÖ’ |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ ã¨fiˆHΔ„`«O, LK«Ûù ˆHΔ„`«O HÍ=Ù# *Ï`«‰õΩʼnõΩ W`«~°∞Å#∞ PHõi¬OK«∞
`≥eq`Õ@Å∞, "åǨÏ#O, ¿ã= KÕÜ«Ú ã¨fiÉèÏ=O =∞#O K«∂_»=K«∞Û.

â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ – Hõ#ºÖ’ :
â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ D ™ê÷#OÖ’ hK« á⁄Ok#"å_»∞. HÍ=Ù# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ QÆ∞~°∞K«∂ѨÙHÍHõáÈ~Ú# *Ï`«HõOÖ’ ÉèÏ~°º
=Å# ã¨∞Y=O`«OQÍ#∞, ^Œ∂~°O JQÆ∞@, J<å~ÀQƺO, "åH±^À+¨=Ú, ÖÏ=ÙHÍ=_»O, =∂Ü«∂ "≥∂ǨÏ=ÚÖ’ LO_»∞@,
=∂#ã≤Hõ |ÅO ÖËHõáÈ=Ù@, `«~°∞"åu ~åt `«∞Å HÍ=Ù# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ kfifÜ«∂~°÷OÖ’ D ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞ =∂ã≤áÈ~Ú
ã¨∞YOQÍ LO_»∞@ [~°∞QÆ∞#∞.

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â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ `«∞ÅÖ’ :
â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ `«Å~åtÖ’ ã¨fiˆHΔ„`«O LO_»∞ HÍ=Ù# *Ï~°=O`«∞_»∞, H˘O`«HÀѨO, K«Hõ¯x L`åûǨÏO, "åǨÏ<åÅ∞,
WÅ∞¡ J=ã¨~°O‰õΩ q∞Oz Y~°∞ÛÃÑ@∞ì@, K«Hõ¯x Pi÷Hõã≤÷ux =∞#O K«∂_»=K«∞Û. HÍx K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ WO\˜Ö’
LK«ÛùHÍ=Ù# `«fi~°Ñ¨_ç =∂\Ï¡_»∞ ã¨fiÉèÏ=O, HÍx `«#"å~°∞ ÉÏQÆ∞O_»∞@‰õΩ Z‰õΩ¯= Hõ$+≤ KÕÜ«∞_»O K«∂_»=K«∞Û.
â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ =$tÛHõOÖ’:
"åx *Ï`«HõO „ѨHÍ~°O Ñ≤`å=∞Ǩïx a_»¤ K«xáÈ=ÙJ=HÍâßÅ∞, áêÅ∞ ÖËHõáÈ=Ù@, L+¨‚=Ú#‰õΩ ã¨O|O^èŒ
ã¨=∞㨺Å∞, ã¨Å÷ q"å^•Å∞, WO\˜ q"å^•Å∞, ‰õΩA_»∞ WO\˜Ö’ â◊x hK«∞_»∞ HÍ=Ù# ÉèÏ~°º‰õΩ Hõà§◊ ‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz#
ã¨=∞㨺Å∞, ã¨#flx â◊s~°O, Ô~O_»=™ê÷#O QÆ∞~°∞=Ù HÍ=Ù# ^•xÖ’ â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ LKèåÛk rq`«O ÃÑ· „ѨÉèÏ"åÅ∞ KåÖÏ
kfifÜ«∂~°÷OÖ’ =∞#O „QÆÇ≤ÏOK«=K«∞Û.
â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ ^èŒ#ã¨∞ûÖ’ :
â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ ^èŒ#ã¨∞ûÖ’ L#fl *Ï`«‰õΩÅ∞ KåÖÏ JO^ŒO J~Ú#"å~°∞, Ô~O_»= WÅ∞¡ =∞Hõ~°O HÍ=Ù# "å‰õΩ¯Ö’
ã¨Ê+¨ì`«, *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ `«# ÉèÏ~°º‰õΩ HõѶ¨=Ú#‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# J<å~ÀQƺO, QÆ~°ƒù„âß==ÚÅ∞, q^•ºÉèϺã¨OÖ’
P@OHÍÅ∞. giH˜ J~°KÕuÖ’ â◊√„Hõ ˆ~Y =ÅÜ«∞O #∞Oz QÆ∞~°∞ ˆ~Y‰õΩ =∞~˘Hõ ˆ~Y Ѩܫ∞xOK«∞@. =∞x+≤
K«∂K«∞@‰õΩ (K«OѨÅ∞) |∞QÆæÅ∞ =Ú‰õΩ¯‰õΩ ^ŒQÆæ~°QÍ LO_»∞@ QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û.¢ã‘Î ã¨O`å#O JkèHõO JQÆ∞@ JK«@
QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û.
â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ – =∞Hõ~°O:
â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ =∞Hõ~°O LO_»∞@ =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ~åÅ∞ JO^ŒOQÍ LO_»∞@, ‰õΩA_»∞ LK«Ûù Hõ#∞Hõ Z„~°x =~°‚=Ú
Hõ~å¯@HõO, ã¨Ñ¨Î=∞~åt Hõ#∞Hõ HõѶ¨=Ú, "å`«=ÚÅ`À W|ƒOkѨ_»∞@. g~°∞ ^èŒ#=Ú#∞ Y~°∞ÛÃÑ>Ëì"å~°∞. g~°∞ XHõ
q+¨Ü«∞=Ú#∞ KåÖÏ ã¨∞n~°…OQÍ Ñ¨ijeOz x~°‚Ü«∞O fã¨∞H˘O\Ï~°∞. "å~°∞ ZѨÙ_»~Ú# ã¨iÜ≥ÿ∞# x~°‚Ü«∞O
fã¨∞H˘#Hõ, J#∞=∂#O`À ÖËxáÈx ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ `≥zÛÃÑ@∞ì‰õΩO\Ï~°∞.
â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ – ‰õΩOÉèíOÖ’ :
*Ï`«‰õΩÅ∞ =∞^茺~°Hõ=Ú J~Ú# Z`«∞Î, ~å[iHõ ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞, *Ï`«‰õΩ~åÅ∞ J~Ú`Õ ÃÑO_ç¡ J~Ú# 2=
ã¨OIIÖ’<Õ K«Hõ¯x Pi÷HõOQÍ Z^Œ∞QÆ_®xH˜ gÅ∞O@∞Ok."å~°∞ „Ѩ^èŒ=∂~°÷OÖ’ Pi÷HõOQÍ H˘O`« ã≤÷~°`«fiO Ö’Ñ≤Oz
LO_»∞#∞. ‰õΩOÉèíO ѨijÅ# ™ê÷#O Hõ#∞Hõ, ã≤OǨÏO ~å[º™ê÷#O Hõ#∞Hõ "å~°∞ `«fi~°Ñ¨_ç =∂\Ï¡_»~°∞ =∞iÜ«Ú
HÍ~°ºx~°fiǨÏ}Ö’ ã≤^ŒúǨÏã¨∞ÎÅ∞.
â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ g∞#OÖ’ :
g∞#~åt â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ LK«Ûù Hõ#∞Hõ ^•xx =∂Å=º ѨÙ~°∞+¨Ü∂≥ QÆO U~°Ê_ç Ü≥∂QÆO ѨiѨÓ~°O‚ J#∞Éèqí O`«∞~°∞.
ã¨=∞ã¨ÎO |∞^èŒ ˆHΔ„`«O Hõ#∞Hõ H˘OK≥O ÖÏ=ÙQÍ LO_»∞@, Ô~O_»=k ‰õΩ[ˆHΔ„`«O Hõ#∞Hõ H˘O`« `˘O^Œ~°áê@∞ =∂@,
ã¨=∂[OÖ’ Q“~°= =º‰õΩÎÅ`À ã¨O|O^è•Å∞, ˆH`«∞=Ù „ѨÉèÏ=O =Å# Z‰õΩ¯= ^≥·= ÉèíH˜Î, |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ hK« HÍ=Ù# Hõiî#
=∞#ã¨∞ Hõey LO_»∞@ W`«~°∞Å#∞ `«=∞"åiQÍ ÉèÏqOz `«=∞"å~°Å#∞ W`«~°∞Å∞QÍ ÉèÏq™êÎ~°∞.
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 ѨOK«=∞ =∞ǨѨÙ~°∞+¨ Ü≥∂QÍÅ∞
‰õΩ[, |∞^è,Œ QÆ∞~°∞, â◊√„Hõ =∞iÜ«Ú â◊x „QÆÇϨ O LK«Ûù ã≤`÷ ∞« Å HÍ~°}=ÚQÍ D ѨOK« =∞ǨѨÙ~°∞+¨Ü∂≥ QÍÅ#∞
K«∂_®e.
~°∞zHõ Ü≥∂QÆ=Ú : ‰õΩAx LK«Ûã≤÷uQÍ D Ü≥∂QÆ=Ú U~°Ê_»∞#∞. *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ áÈ\©ÅÖ’ <≥QÆ∞æ‰õΩ ~å=Åã≤#
ÅHõΔ}=ÚÅ∞, ^è≥·~°º=Ú, Sâ◊fi~°º=Ú, ã¨fiÜ«∞O Hõ$+≤Ö’ Jxfl á⁄O^≥^Œ~°∞. ‰õΩA_»∞, "Õ∞+¨, =$â◊ÛHõ, =∞Hõ~°=ÚÅÖ’
LO_ç# D Ü≥∂QÆ=Ú U~°Ê_»∞#∞.

Éèí„^ŒÜ≥∂QÆ=Ú : |∞^èŒ∞x LK«Ûùã≤÷uQÍ D Ü≥∂QÆ=Ú U~°Ê_»∞#∞. *Ï`«‰õΩx "åHõÊ@∞`«fi=Ú, "Õ^Œ q*Ï˝#=ÚÅ∞,

n~å…Ü«ÚѶ¨∞#∞ LO_»∞#∞. |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ LK«Ûù ã¨fiˆHΔ„`«=ÚÖˇ·# Hõ#º q∞^èŒ∞#=ÚÅÖ’ á⁄Ok# D Ü≥∂QÆ=Ú U~°Ê_»∞#∞.

Ç≤ÏOã¨Ü≥∂QÆ=Ú : QÆ∞~°∞x LK«Ûùã≤÷uQÍ D Ü≥∂QÆ=Ú U~°Ê_»∞#∞. =∞^èŒ∞~° HõO~î°^èŒfix, ^èŒ~°‡=∂~°æ=ÚÖ’ L^•~°

ã¨fiÉèÏ==ÚÖ’ Ü≥∂QÆ∞Å`À, *Ï˝#∞Å`À =∞Oz ã¨OÉèíO^èŒ ÉÏO^èŒ=º=ÚÅ∞ LO_»∞#∞. ~å[H©Ü«∞=ÚQÍ ‰õÄ_® =∞Oz
¿Ñ~°∞ LO_»∞#∞. QÆ∞~°∞=Ù ^èŒ#ã¨∞û, g∞#, Hõ~å¯@Hõ ~åâ◊√ÅÖ’ =Ù#flKÀ D Ü≥∂QÆ=Ú U~°Ê_»∞#∞.

=∂Å=º Ü≥∂QÆ=Ú : â◊√„‰õΩx LK«Ûùã≤÷uQÍ D Ü≥∂QÆ=Ú U~°Ê_»∞#∞. ã¨Ow`« ™êÇ≤Ï`«º=ÚÅ Ü«∞O^Œ∞ qѨs`«"≥∞ÿ#
Jaè~∞° z PHõ~¬° }Ü
© ∞« "≥∞#ÿ PHÍ~°=Ú ~°H~õ H° ÍÅ PÉè~í }° ÏÅ∞ ^èiŒ Oz =∞O^•~°O, â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞, =$+¨É,íè `«∞Å g∞#=ÚÅÖ’
á⁄Ok# D Ü≥∂QÆ=Ú U~°Ê_»∞#∞.

â◊tÜ≥∂QÆ=Ú : â◊x LK«Ûùã≤÷uQÍ D Ü≥∂QÆ=Ú U~°Ê_»∞#∞. â◊s~° ~°OQÆ∞ `«yæ ã¨#flQÍ LO_ç ã¨fiÜ«∞O Hõ$+≤Ö’ =$kú
K≥O^Œ XHõ „QÍ=∞=Ú#‰õΩ JkèHÍiQÍ ÖË^• TiÃÑ^ŒÌQÍ (JkèѨu, J^茺‰õΔΩ_»∞) LO_ç â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ#∞ =ÚѨCuѨÊÅ∞
ÃÑ>ˇì^Œ~°∞. â◊x„QÆǨÏ=Ú =∞Hõ~°, ‰õΩOÉèí, `«∞Ö~åâ◊√ÅÖ’ L#flKÀ â◊tÜ≥∂QÆ=Ú U~°Ê_»∞#∞.

ã¨∞#á¶êÜ≥∂QÆ=Ú : K«O„^Œ∞#∞Oz Ô~O_»∞ WO\˜Ö’ â◊x„QÆǨÏO H͉õΩO_® "Õ~˘Hõ „QÆǨÏO L#fl^•xx ã¨∞#á¶êÜ≥∂QÆO
JO\Ï~°∞. ^•x=Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ `≥eqQÆÅ"å_»∞, ~å[iHõ =∂~°æ=ÚÅ ^•fi~å ã¨OáêkOK«∞"å_»∞, ~°q L#fl
J<åºÜ«∞=∂~°æO ^•fi~å ã¨OáêkOK«∞"å_»∞.

J#™ê Ü≥∂QÆO : K«O„^Œ∞x #∞Oz ~°q„QÆǨÏO H͉õΩO_® U^≥·<å „QÆǨÏO L#fl ^•xx J#™ê Ü≥∂QÆO JO^Œ∞~°∞.
^•x *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ Pi÷HõOQÍ, ¿Ñ~°∞ `≥K«∞ÛH˘#∞@, ~ÀQÆO #∞Oz `«fi~°QÍ HÀÅ∞H˘#∞@, ~°q „QÆǨÏO L#fl ã¨Oáê^Œ#
^•fi~å =K«∞Û ^Œ#O#∞ J<åºÜ«∞"≥∞ÿ# Ѩ#∞ʼnõΩ Y~°∞ÛÃÑ@∞ì@.

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ˆHO„^Œ^Œ∂=∞ Ü≥∂QÆ=Ú : K«O„^Œ∞xH˜ W~°∞"≥·Ñ¨ÙÖÏ U „QÆǨÏO ÖËHõáÈ\O #∞ =∞#O ˆHO„^Œ^Œ∂Ѩ Ü≥∂QÆO =e¡™êÎ~°∞.
^•x =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ Jxfl Ü≥∂QÆ=ÚʼnõΩ Ç¨ÏiOz"ÕÜ«Ú#∞.

"ÕtÜ≥∂QÆ=Ú : ~°q Ô~O_»= WO\˜ #∞O_ç K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ HÍHõ "Õ~˘Hõ „QÆǨÏO LO_»∞@. ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞: K«Hõ¯x K«^Œ∞=Ù,
L#fl`«ã≤÷u, =∞Oz ã≤÷u ÖËHõáÈ~Ú##∞, "Õ~˘HõiH˜ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞Ѩ_»=Öˇ#<Õ PÖ’K«# Hõey LO_»∞@.

"åt Ü≥∂QÆ=Ú : ~°q„QÆǨÏO K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ H͉õΩO_® =∞~˘Hõ„QÆǨÏO 12= WO@ LO_»∞@. ã¨O`å#O Pi÷HõOQÍ
=ÚO^Œ∞‰õΩ Z^Œ∞QÆ∞@, ã¨`üã¨OÉèíO^è•Å∞, Ñ≤„`åi˚`«O g∞^Œ P^è•~°Ñ¨_»‰õΩO_» LO_»∞@, K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ L#fl Ñ≤„`åi˚`«O
PtOK«∞@.

HÍÅã¨~°ÊÜ≥∂QÆ=Ú / ^À+¨=Ú :
=∞#O ѨÙ~å}ÏÅÖ’ D ~åǨïˆH`«∞=ÙÅ QÆ∞iOz XHõ Hõ^äŒ HõÅ^Œ∞. J=∞$`«=Ú H˘~°‰õΩ ~åHõΔã¨∞Å∞,
^Õ=`«Å∞ áêÅã¨=Ú„^Œ=Ú#∞ zÅ∞‰õΩK«∞O_»QÍ, J=∞$`«=Ú ÅaèOK≥#∞. ^•x H˘~°‰õΩ ^Õ=`«Å∞,~åHõΔã¨∞Å∞
HõÅÇ≤ÏOK«™êyi. JѨC_»∞ q+¨μ‚=Ù "≥∂Ç≤Ïx J=`å~°=Ú ^èŒiOz ^Õ=`«Å#∞, ~åHõΔã¨∞Å#∞ "Õ~°∞"Õ~°∞ =~°∞ã¨ÅÖ’
‰õÄ~°∞ÛO_»Éˇ\ ˜ì, J=∞$Ï`«=Ú ã¨=∂#=ÚQÆ JO^ŒiH˜ ѨOz ÃÑ>ˇì^Œ#x K≥ÃÑÊ#∞. HÍx =ÚO^Œ∞ ^Õ=`«Å∞ ‰õÄ~°∞Û#fl
=~°∞ã¨Ö’ J=∞$`«=Ú Ñ¨Oz ÃÑ@∞ì@ "≥Ú^ŒÅ∞ ÃÑ>ˇì#∞. Jk ã¨fi~åƒù#∞ J#∞ ~åHõΔã¨∞_»∞ K«∂z ^Õ=`«Å =~°∞ã¨Ö’ H˜
=zÛ ‰õÄ~°∞ÛO_ç J=∞$`«=Ú#∞ ¿ãqOK≥#∞. Pq+¨Ü«∞=Ú ã¨∂~°º K«O„^Œ∞Å∞ QÆ∞iÎOz, q+¨μ‚=Ù#‰õΩ ~°Ç¨Ï㨺=ÚQÍ
`≥eÜ«∞*Ëã≤i. JѨC_»∞ NǨÏi `«# ã¨∞^Œ~°≈# K«„Hõ=Ú`À ~åHõΔã¨∞x t~°ã¨∞ûYO_çOK≥#∞. HÍx JѨÊ\˜ˆH P
~åHõΔã¨∞_»∞ J=∞$`«=Ú ¿ãqOK≥#∞. P ~åHõΔã¨∞x `«Å ã¨∞^Œ~°≈# K«„Hõ=ÚKÕ YO_çOѨ|_ç##∞ J=∞$`«=Ú =Å# `«Å,
"≥ÚO_≥=ÚÅ∞ Ô~O_»∞ K«xáÈHõ J=∞~°=ÚÖˇ· ~åǨï, ˆH`«∞=ÙÅÖ’ ¿Ñ~°∞¡`À xezáÈ~Úi. Jk ÅQÍ~Ú`«∞ P ~åǨï
ˆH`«∞=ÙÅ∞, ã¨∂~°º, K«O„^Œ∞ÅÃÑ· ѨQÆ|\˜ì ã¨∂~°º, K«O„^Œ∞Å#∞ „q∞OQÆ∞@‰õΩ „Ѩܫ∞`«fl=Ú KÕÜ«ÚK«∞O_çi. „QÆǨÏ}=Ú
~ÀA# ~åǨï, ˆH`«∞=ÙÅ#∞ "ÕkèOK«∞K«∞<åfl~°∞.

~åǨïˆH`«∞=ÙÅ =∞^茺 Jxfl „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ |OkèOK«|_»∞@, ÖË^• ˆH`«∞ ~åǨïÅ =∞^茺 Jxfl „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞
|OkèOK«|_»∞@#∞ HÍÅ ã¨~°Ê^À+¨OQÍ =i‚™ê÷~°∞. HÍx <Õ_»∞ „Ѩ=ÚY ~å[H©Ü«∞ <åÜ«∞‰õΩÅ *Ï`«Hõ=ÚÅ∞ K«∂z#
Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ W@∞=O\˜ HÀ=‰õΩ ã¨O|Okèxz#qQÍ =∞#O ¿Ñ~˘¯#=K«∞Û. ~åǨï, ˆH`«∞=ÙÅ∞ Uq^èŒOQÍ =∞#O
„QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ#∞ |OkèOz, W|ƒO^Œ∞ʼnõΩ QÆ∞iKÕÜ«Ú<À D „H˜Ok q^èŒOQÍ K«∂_»=K«∞Û.

- 52 -
L^•. 1:
K«O ‰õΩ â◊√
ˆH QÆ∞,|∞, ~°

~å

ÃÑ· *Ï`«Hõ=Ú ~åǨï, ˆH`«∞=Ù =∞^茺, „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ |Okè J~Ú#q Jx K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û.

L^•. 2 :
‰õΩ â◊√
ˆH QÆ∞,|∞, ~°

K«O ~å

ÃÑ· *Ï`«HõOÖ’ K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ ~åǨï, ˆH`«∞=ÙÅ #∞O_ç |Ü«∞@H˜ =zÛ#@∞ Hõ#∞Hõ D *Ï`«Hõ=Ú HÍÅã¨~°Ê^À+¨=Ú
ÖË^Œ∞ Jx K≥ѨC@‰õΩ gÅ∞ÖË^Œ∞. ZO^Œ∞‰õΩ J#QÍ K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ ~åǨï, ˆH`«∞Å#∞Oz |Ü«∞@‰õΩ =zÛ<å_»∞. HÍ=Ù#
*Ï`«HõOÖ’ *Ï`«‰õΩx `«e¡, `«#"åi#∞Oz |Ü«∞@H˜ =zÛ x=ã≤OK«=Åã≤# Ѩiã≤÷u U~°Ê_»∞#∞.
ZO^Œ∞Hõ#QÍ XHõ „QÆǨÏO *Ï`«Hõ=ÚÖ’ q∞QÆ`å „QÆǨÏ=ÚÖ’ HõÅ=Hõ |Ü«∞@‰õΩ =zÛ#k JO>Ë ^•xH˜
XHõ J~°÷O LO@∞Ok.
L^•. 3 :
‰õΩ â◊√| QÆ∞
Hˆ â◊

K«O ~å

ÃÑ· *Ï`«Hõ=Ú K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ |Ü«∞@‰õΩ HõxÑ≤OK«∞#∞. Ѩi=~°Î#Ü≥∂QÆO =Å¡ â◊x `«# ã¨fiˆHΔ„`«O‰õΩ, K«O„^Œ∞_»∞
`«# ã¨fiˆHΔ„`«O‰õΩ =K«∞Û#∞. JO^Œ∞=Å# â◊x `«# ã¨fiˆHΔ„`«O‰õΩ =zÛ XO@i"å_»∞ J~Ú<å_»∞ HÍ|\˜ì *Ï`«‰õΩx
J#fl HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# â◊x XO@iQÍ =K«∞Û@ =Å# J#flQÍ~°∞ XO@i Jx K≥ѨC@ „âıÜ«∞㨯~°O.
- 53 -
 ‰õΩ ~å
K«O„^Œ
QÆ∞
ˆH |∞,â◊√,â◊

~åt K«„Hõ=Ú HÍÅã¨~°Ê^À+¨O #∞Oz q∞#Ǩ~ÚOѨ٠L#fl^• Jx ã¨O^ÕǨÏO áê~î°‰õΩʼnõΩ HõÅ∞QÆ∞#∞. ÃÑ·
*Ï`«Hõ=Ú Uq^èŒOQÍ Ñ¨ijeOK«=Öˇ<À D „H˜O^Œ q=iOK«∞ K«∞<åfl#∞.

L`«~Î O° `«∂~°∞Ê ^ŒH˜Δ}O Ѩ_»=∞~°

Ѩ_»=∞~° L`«~Î O°

^ŒHΔ̃}O `«∂~°∞Ê

`«∂~°∞Ê L`«Î~°O Ѩ_»=∞~° ^ŒHΔ̃}O

ÃÑ· *Ï`«HõOÖ’ ~åǨï, ˆH`«∞=ÙÅ∞ Uq^èŒOQÍ W`«~° „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ |OkèOK«∞@ K«∂_»=K«∞Û. ÃÑ· *Ï`«HõOÖ’
QÆ∞~°∞=Ù ^ŒH˜Δ}OÖ’ L<åfl_»∞. ~åǨï=Ù ^ŒH˜Δ}O# L<åfl_»∞ Hõ#∞Hõ *Ï`«HõOÖ’ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù ~åǨï=Ù ˆH`«∞=Ù #∞Oz
|O^Œ q=Ú‰õΩÎ_»∞ JÜ«∂º_»∞.

‰õΩA_»∞ `«∂~°∞Ê# L<åfl_»∞. ~åǨï=Ù ^ŒH˜Δ}O L<åfl_»∞ JO>Ë ˆH`«∞=Ù, L`«Î~°OÖ’ L<åfl_»∞ JO>Ë ˆH`«∞=Ù
g∞#~åtH˜ =K«∞Û#∞. ZO^Œ∞‰õΩJ#QÍ =∞#O, Hõ~å¯@HõO, =$tÛHõO, ˆH`«∞ ˆHΔ„`«=ÚÅ∞ HÍ=Ù# =∞#O D *Ï`«HõOÖ’
‰õΩA_»∞ |OkèJ~Ú<å_»∞ Jx =∞#O K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û. |∞^èŒ, â◊x, â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ *Ï`«HõOÖ’ Ѩ_»=∞~° L<åfl_»∞. ~åǨï=Ù
^ŒH˜Δ}OÖ’ L<åfl_»∞, ˆH`«∞=Ù L`«Î~°OÖ’ L<åfl_»∞. HÍ=Ù# D *Ï`«HõOÖ’~åǨï=Ù ^ŒH˜Δ}O „Ѩ^Õâ◊O J~Ú# Hõ#º‰õΩ
~åǨï=Ù =zÛ#@∞¡ QÍ ÉèÏqOz, *Ï`«Hõ=ÚÅ∞ â◊x, |∞^èŒ, â◊√„‰õΩÅ∞ ˆH`«∞, ~åǨï=ÙÅ =∞^茺 |Ok J~Ú<å_»∞
Jx K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û.

D q^èŒ=ÚQÍ „Ѩu *Ï`«Hõ=ÚÅ∞ „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ q_çÑ≤Oz Ѩe`«x~å÷~°} KÕÜ«∞=Öˇ#∞. Ѷ¨e`« x~åú~°}

„QÆǨxH˜ 2,12 L#fl „QÆǨÏ=Ú, =„Hõ „QÆǨÅ∞, Ѩi=~°ÎÜ≥∂QÆ „QÆǨÅ∞, "åx #HõΔ„`«=ÚÅ∞ ѨijeOz *Ï`«HõO ÃÑ·#
Ѷ¨e`« x~å÷~°} KÕÜ«∞=Åã≤ LO@∞Ok.

- 54 -
‰õΩ[^Õ+¨=Ú / <åQÆ^À+¨=Ú :
‰õΩA_»∞ J#QÍ =∞OQÆà◊√_»∞. Dâ◊fi~°∞x H˘eKÕ Éèí‰õΩÎ_»∞. ‰õΩA_»∞x ‰õΩ=∂~° ™êfiq∞QÍ#∞, q+¨μ‚=¸iÎx
H˘eKÕ Éèí‰õΩÎÅ∞ qâ◊fi=`ü¿ã#∞_çQÍ Ñ¨Ól™êÎ~°∞. ÃÑ· Jaè„áêÜ«∞ ÉèË^èŒ=ÚÅ∞ L#flѨÊ\˜H˜ Ѷ¨e`«=Ú WK«∞Û q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’
ÉË^èŒ=Ú ÖË^Œ∞.
D q"åÇ¨Ï q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’ ‰õΩAx áê„`« KåÖÏ =ÚYº"≥∞ÿ#kQÍ ¿Ñ~˘¯#=K«∞Û#∞. ¢ã‘Î *Ï`«HõOÖ’ ‰õΩA_»∞
Éèí~°ÎQÍ#∞, ѨÙ~°∞+¨ *Ï`«HõOÖ’ ‰õΩAx HÍ=∞â◊H˜ÎQÍ =i‚OK«=K«∞Û. <Õ_»∞ ã¨=∂[OÖ’ ‰õΩ[^À+¨=Ú / <åQÆ^À+¨=Ú
Jx KåÖÏ ~°Hõ=ÚÖˇ·# ѨÙHÍ~°∞Å∞ *Ï`«‰õΩÅ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ rq`åÅ#∞ Jã¨Î=ºã¨ÎO KÕã¨∂Î<åfl~Ú. <Õ_»∞ ã¨=∂[OÖ’ ‰õΩ[
^À+¨=ÚJ#QÍ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù #∞Oz (nx ѨÙ~°∞+¨ *Ï`«HõOÖ’ ÅQÆflOQÍ ÉèÏqOKåe) QÆ∞~°∞=Ù #∞Oz, â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ #∞Oz
K«O„^Œ∞x #∞Oz ‰õΩA_»∞ 1,2,4,7,8,12 WÅ¡Ö’ ‰õΩA_»∞ LO>Ë ^•x ‰õΩ[^À+¨OQÍ =i‚™êÎ~°∞. ÅQÆfl=Ú J#QÍ
`«#∞=Ù, nfifÜ«∞=Ú J#QÍ "å‰õΩ¯, ‰õΩ@∞O|O K«`«∞~°úO J#QÍ =∂#ã≤Hõ ™ê÷#O, WÅ∞¡, QÆ$ǨÏã¨÷ P„â◊=∞O.

ã¨Ñ¨Î=∞™ê÷#O J#QÍ ã¨=∂[ ã¨O|O^è•Å∞ ÉèÏ~°º™ê÷#O. J+¨ì=∞=Ú J#QÍ PÜ«Ú+¨μ, =∂OQÆź ™ê÷#O.
ÉèÏ~°º *Ï`«HõOÖ’ Éèí~°Î Ü≥ÚHõ¯ nfifÜ«∞O J#QÍ ‰õΩ@∞O| ™ê÷#O. =ºÜ«∞=Ú J#QÍ Y~°∞ÛÅ∞ â◊Ü«∞<å ™ê÷#O.
(^ŒOѨ`«∞Å∞ â◊Ü«∞<å™ê÷#O) QÆ∞~°∞=Ù J#QÍ *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞. JO^Œ∞=Å# QÆ∞~°∞=Ù #∞Oz 1,2,4,7,12 ™ê÷<åÖ’¡
‰õΩA_»∞ LO>Ë â◊s~°O ã¨O|OkèOz *Ï`«‰õΩx PÜ«∂™ê÷<åÖ’¡ W|ƒOk Ѩ_»∞#∞.
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ J#QÍ =∞<ÀHÍ~°‰Ωõ _»∞ JO^Œ∞=Å# K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ #∞Oz 1,2,4,7,8,12 ‰õΩA_»∞ LO>Ë =∞#ã¨∞û‰õΩ
ã¨O|OkèOKÕ ÃÑ· K≥ѨÊ|_ç# HÍ~°Hõ`åfiÅ∞.
â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ J#QÍ ÉèÏ~°º HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞. â◊√„‰õΩx #∞Oz 1,2,4,7,8,12 WÅ¡Ö’ ‰õΩA_»∞ LO>Ë x"åã¨O
ã¨OÉèíOkèOz ÃÑ· HÍ~°Hõ¯`åfiÅ∞ ѨxKÕÜ«Ú#∞. HÍh D<å_»∞ ÃÑ·# =¸_»∞ „QÆǨÅ∞ #∞Oz K≥¿ÑÊ~°∞QÍx q∞QÆ`å
„QÆǨÅ #∞Oz ‰õΩA_»∞ =Å# „Ѩ"Õâßxfl K≥ѨÊHõ áÈ=_»O ‰õΩ[^À+¨=Ú QÆ∞iOz q∞H˜¯e ÉèíÜ«∞PO^Àà◊#Å∞
HõÅ∞QÆ∞#∞.
L^•: ‰õΩAxH˜ â◊„`«∞=Ù HÍ~°‰õΩ_≥·# ~åǨï=Ù, â◊x |∞^èŒ∞_»∞, „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ #∞Oz ‰õΩA_ç 1,2,4,7,8,12 Wà◊§Ö’
L#flѨC_»∞ ‰õΩA_»∞ ÃÑ· ã¨∂„`«O „ѨHÍ~°O |ÅÇ‘Ï#∞_»∞ J=Ù#∞.
‰õΩA#∞‰õΩ 2,12 WÅ¡Ö’ áêѨ „QÆǨÏ=Ú LO>Ë, ‰õΩA_»∞ =„H˜Oz áêѨ ˆHΔ„`«OÖ’xH˜ "≥o§#ѨÙ_»∞,
Ѩi=~°#Î Ü≥∂QÆOÖ’ ‰õΩA_»∞ `«# â◊„`«∞=Ù hK« Hˆ „Δ `åÅ∞ "≥o§#ѨC_»∞ #Hõ„Δ `«OÖ’ =Å¡ Ѩi=~°#Î Ü≥∂QÆO Hõey#ѨC_»∞
‰õΩA_»∞ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ ^•+¨=Ú Ç¨ÏiOK«∞#∞. ‰õΩA_»∞#∞, â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ ^•\˜#ѨC_»∞ „QÆÇϨ Ü«Ú^ŒOú Ö’ â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ QÔ ez#@∞ìQÍ
‰õΩAx Ü≥ÚHõ¯ â◊H˜Î Ç‘Ï#Ѩ_ç#@∞¡QÍ =∞#O K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û.

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 QÆ∞~°∞
‰õΩA_»∞

K«O„^Œ

ÃÑ· K≥ÑÊ≤ # q^è•#O „ѨHÍ~°O QÆ∞~°∞=Ù #∞Oz, â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ #∞Oz 2= WO\˜Ö’ ‰õΩA_»∞ L<åfl_»∞. HÍ|\˜ì ‰õΩ[^À+¨=∞x
K≥ѨÙ`å~°∞ Jk ÃÑ^ŒÌ á⁄~°áê@∞. HÍh =∞#O D *Ï`«HÍxfl ã¨∂HõΔ ‡OQÍ Ñ¨ije¿ãÎ ‰õΩ[, K«O„^Œ∞ŠѨi=~°Î#
Ü≥∂QÆOÖ’ ‰õΩA_»∞ `«# ã¨fiK«ÛùˆHΔ„`«"≥∞ÿ# =$tÛHÍxH˜, K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ `«# ã¨fiK«ÛùˆHΔ„`«"≥∞ÿ# Hõ~å¯@HÍxH˜ Ѩi=~°Î#
K≥O^Œ∞`å~°∞. D q^èŒ"≥∞ÿ# Ѩi=~°Î# Ü≥∂QÆO =Å# ‰õΩA_»∞, QÆ∞~°∞=Ù, â◊√„‰õΩÅ #∞Oz 6= WO\˜H˜ K«O„^Œ∞x
#∞Oz 5= WO\˜H˜ =∞#O ‰õΩAx QÆ=∞xOKåe J#QÍ D *Ï`«HõO ‰õΩA^À+¨=Ú Ç¨ÏiOK«∞#@∞¡ J=Ù`«∞Ok. D
q^èŒ=ÚQÍ *Ï`«HõOÖ’ XHõ „QÆǨxfl ѨijeOKÕ@ѨC_»∞, „QÆǨÏ=ÚÜ≥ÚHõ¯ |Å=Ú, ^Œ$+≤ì Ѩi=~°Î#, =„Hõ`«fiO,
ã¨=∂QÆ=∞=Ú, q∞„`«, ã¨fiˆHΔ„`«, LK«ÛùˆHΔ„`« hK«ÛùˆH„`«, hK«ÉèíOQÆ ~å[Ü≥∂QÆ=ÚÅ∞, „QÆǨÏ=Ú#‰õΩ =ÚO^Œ∞ "≥#∞Hõ
L#fl „QÆǨÅ∞ #HõΔ„`«OÖ’ „QÆǨŠѨi=~°Î<å "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞#flq. =∞#O ѨijeOz Ѷ¨e`« x~åú~°} KÕÜ«∂e.

<åQÆ^À+¨=Ú :
Hˆ `«∞=Ù ‰õΩA_»∞`ÀQÍh, ~°q`ÀQÍh W`«~° „QÆÇ¨ Å`À HõeÜ«Ú@ =K«∞Û J=Ü≥∂QÍÅ∞ <åQÆ^À+¨O JO\Ï~°∞.
H˘xfl <å_ô „QÆO^è•ÅÖ’ ~åǨï=Ù, ‰õΩA_»∞ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ Ѩ~°ã¨Ê~° ^Œ$+≤ì HÀ}OÖ’ ˆHO„^ŒOÖ’ ^Œ$+≤ì ‰õΩA ^À+¨=∞x K≥Ñ≤Ê
~åã≤ L<åfl~°∞. UnU"≥∞ÿ##∞ ˆH`«∞=Ù, ~åǨï=٠Ѩ~°ã¨Ê~°O XHõ¯iH˜ XHõ¯~°∞ 7= WO\˜Ö’ LO\Ï~°∞. HÍ|\˜ì ÃÑ·
~Ô O_»∞ "å^Œ=ÚÅ∞ ã¨=∞O[ã¨=ÚQÍ LO\Ï~Ú. D <åQÆ^À+¨=Ú =Å# *Ï`«‰Ωõ xH˜ J<ÕHõ J=~À^è•Å∞, W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞,
q"å^•Å∞, Ü«∞^•~°÷O fã¨∞HÀÖËx Ѩiã≤÷u, HÀ~°∞ìˆHã¨∞Å∞, ã¨O™ê~° |O^è•Å∞ ^Œ∂~°=ÚJ=Ù@. D q^èŒ=ÚQÍ D
~åǨïˆH`«∞=Ù Hõe¿ãÎ P „QÆǨÏ=Ú Ü≥ÚHõ¯ HÍ~°Hõ`«fi=ÚÅ∞ W|ƒO^Œ∞ʼnõΩ QÆ∞iKÕã≤ *Ï`«‰õΩÅ∞ q∞H˜¯e ÉÏkèOK«∞#∞.
L^• : QÆ∞~°∞=Ù, ~åǨï=ÙÅ∞ *Ï`«‰õΩÅÖ’ Hõeã≤ *Ï`«‰õΩÅÖ’ "≥ÚO_ç"å_»∞QÍ#∞, Hõiî# =∞#ã¨∞¯x QÍ<À
^Œ∂~°„áêO`åÖ’ ã¨OK«iOK«∞ =ºH˜ÎQÍ=Ú, ã¨^•Kå~åÅ∞ áê\˜OK«x =ºH˜ÎQÍ#∞ =i‚™êÎ=Ú. Éèí K«„HõOÖ’ ã¨Ç¨Ï[OQÍ
7= ™ê÷#O ÉèÏ~°º ™ê÷#=Ú, "åºáê~°=Ú ™ê=∂lHõ ã¨O|O^è•Å∞, ÉèÏ~°º ã¨O|O^è•Å∞, `≥eÜ«∞*ËÜ«Ú#∞. ~åǨï=Ù
ZHõ¯_» LO_ç##∂ ~åǨï=Ù‰õΩ ã¨Ñ¨Î=∞OÖ’ˆH`«∞=Ù LO_»∞#∞. ˆH`«∞=Ù J#QÍ ÉèÏ~°º HÍ~°‰õΩ_≥·# â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞‰õΩ â◊„`«∞=Ù
=∞iÜ«Ú "≥∂HõΔ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞, q"åǨʼnõΩ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞. HÍ=Ù# *Ï`«HõOÖ’ â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ ÉÏQÆ∞#flѨC_»∞ (ã¨fiK«ÛùˆHΔ„`«O,
q∞„`«ˆHΔ„`«O, LK«ÛùˆHΔ„`«O) q"å^•Å∞ H˘O`« =~°‰õΩ =∂„`«"Õ∞ [~°∞QÆ∞`åÜ«∞x K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û. *Ï`«HõOÖ’ â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞
ÉÏQÆÖËHõáÈ`Õ ÃÑ· q^èŒ"≥∞ÿ<å <åQÆ^À+¨=Ú L#flѨC_»∞ *Ï`«‰õΩx ã¨O™ê~°|O^èŒ<åÅ∞ ^Œ∂~°=Ú KÕÜ«Ú#∞. P_»"åi
*Ï`«HõO ѨijeOKÕ@ѨC_»∞ Éèí~°Î ™ê÷#O Z_»=∞ WÅ∞¡ ^•xH˜ JkèѨu ‰õΩA_»∞. ‰õΩAxH˜ Ѩ~°=∞â◊„`«∞=Ù J~Ú<å
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~åǨï`À ã¨O|O^èŒO HõeÑ≤<å ‰õΩA_çH˜ Jxfl WO\Ï |O^èŒ<åÅ∞ U~°Ê_ç. ѨÙ~°∞+¨μ *Ï`«HõOÖ’ ˆH`«∞=Ù. â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞
Z@∞=O\˜ J=Ü«∞=~ÀQÍÅ∞ =zÛ<å ¢ã‘Î *Ï`«HõOÖ’ ‰õΩA_»∞, ~åǨï=Ù JO`«Hõ<åfl J=~À^è•Å∞ WK«∞Û#∞. D
q^è=Œ ÚQÍ „Ѩu „QÆÇ¨ xH˜ ~åǨï, Hˆ `«∞=ÙÅ Ü«Úu Hõey#ѨC_»∞ PÜ«∂„QÆÇ¨ Å HÍ~°H`õ fi« =ÚÅ∞ (HõÅ~ÚHõ)W|ƒO^Œ∞ʼnõΩ
QÆ∞iKÕÜ«Ú#∞.
Ue<å\˜â◊x : K«O„^Œ∞_»∞
QÆ∞~°∞=Ù

â◊x

â◊x QÀKå~°=Ú<å XHõ¯~åt #∞Oz =∞~˘Hõ ã¨OK«iOK«∞@‰õΩ Ñ¨@ì ã¨=∞Ü«∞O 2½ ã¨O=`«û~°O. JO^Œ∞ˆH
â◊x =∞O^Œ„QÆǨÏ#=Ú JO\Ï~°∞. (â◊x Hõ~å¯@Hõ=ÚÖ’ ¿ÑrÅ∞ q=iOK«|_ç#k).
*Ï`«Hõ K«„HõOÖ’ K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ #∞Oz QÀKå~°=ÚQÍ â◊x 12,1,2 Wà◊§Ö’ ã¨OK«iOz#ѨC_»∞ ^•x Ue<å\˜
â◊xQÍ#∞, 4,8 Wà◊§Ö’ ã¨OK«iOz#ѨC_»∞ J~°÷J+¨ì=∞â◊x, J+¨ì=∞ â◊xQÍ#∞ 5= WO\˜Ö’ ã¨OK«iOz#ѨC_»∞
ѨOK«=∞ â◊xQÍ#∞, K≥|∞`å~°∞. KåÖÏ =∞Ok Ue<å\˜â◊x QÆ∞iOz KåÖÏ JáÈǨÏÅ∞ L<åfl~Ú. P JáÈǨÏÅ∞
=Å¡ "å~°∞ „ѨâßO`«OQÍ LO_»‰õΩO_® `«# K«∞@∂ì L#fl "åix ‰õÄ_® W|ƒO^Œ∞ʼnõΩ QÆ∞iKÕÜ«ÚK«∞<åfl~°∞.
r
L^•: â◊x ‰õΩO\˜"å_»x, QÆ∞_ç¤"å_»x, HÍ~°º=ÚÅ∞ <åâ◊#=Ú KÕÜ«Ú =ºH˜Î Jx, L^ÀºQÆO `˘ÅyOK«∞
=ºH˜Î Jx KåÖÏ JáÈǨÏÖ’ LO\Ï~°∞. Z‰õΩ¯= =∞Ok *’ºu+¨μºÅ∞ ѨOKåOQÆHõ~°ÎÅ∞ QÀKå~°=ÚQÍ K«O„^Œ∞_»∞
#∞Oz â◊xx WKÕÛ K≥_»∞Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞ =∂„`«"Õ∞ q=iOKå~°∞. J^Õ Uq∞ J#QÍ K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ #∞Ozâ◊x 2= WO\’¡
LO>Ë ‰õΩ@∞O|OÖ’ zH͉õΩÅ∞, ^èŒ#O #+¨ìO, "å‰õΩ¯^À+¨O "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ·#q K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ =Å# W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞ HõÅQÆ∞`å~Ú
Jx K≥|∞`å~°∞. K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ *Ï`«HõOÖ’<Õ `«e¡H˜, J`«ÎQÍiH˜, "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ JHõ¯‰õΩ, J==∂<åxH˜, „Ѩܫ∂}ÏxH˜ ,
Y~°∞Û‰õΩ, áêʼnõΩ, HõÜ«∂ºxH˜, =∞#ã¨∞û‰õΩ JkèѨuQÍ LO\Ï_»∞. HÍ=Ù# Ue<å\˜ â◊x=Å¡ ÃÑ· HÍ~°ºHõ~°ÎÅ∞ =∂„`«"Õ∞
W|ƒO^Œ∞ʼnõΩ QÆ∞iQÍÅ=Ù JO^Œ∞Ö’#∞ QÀKå~°OÖ’ q∞QÆ`å „QÆǨÅ~Ú<å ѨijeOz Ѷ¨e`«O K≥áêÊe QÍx
`«fi~°Ñ¨_ç QÀKå~°OÖ’ â◊x, K«O„^Œ∞_»∞‰õΩ LO_Õ „Ѩ^Õâ◊=Ú =∂„`«"Õ∞ K«∂ã≤ K≥¿ÑΠѶ¨e`«=Ú „Ѩ=∂^•Å‰õΩ ^•i
fÜ«Ú#∞. K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ #∞Oz 12,1,2,4,5,8 â◊x L#fl`«OQÍ =K«∞Û Ñ¶¨e`åÅ∞.
12= WÅ∞¡ J#QÍ =ºÜ«∞O, "≥·^Œº=Ú, â◊Ü«∞<噜YºO ÉèÏ~°º #∞Oz |∞∞} ~ÀQÆâ◊„`«∞=Ù ™ê÷#O. `«e¡
#∞Oz 9= ™ê÷#O. JHõ¯QÍi #∞Oz 2= ™ê÷#O. `«O„_ç #∞Oz 4= ™ê÷#O. ™È^Œi#∞Oz ^Œâ◊=∞™ê÷#O.
HÍ=Ù# ÃÑ· ã¨O|OkèOz# q+¨Ü«∂ÅÖ’ =∂#ã≤Hõ ™œYºO (K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ =∞<ÀHÍ~°∞_»∞ QÆ#∞Hõ) Ö’Ñ≤OK«∞#∞.
1= WÅ∞¡ J#QÍ `«#∞=Ù, â◊s~°O ~°HõÎO, Z_»=∞Hõ#∞fl, „Ѩܫ∂}ÏÅ∞, L^ÀºQÍÅÖ’ |ke ã≤÷~°`«fiO
ÖËHõáÈ=Ù@ =$uÎÖ’ hÖÏѨxO^ŒÅ∞, P_»"åiH˜ |∞∞`«∞ã¨OÉèíO^èŒ"≥∞ÿ# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞#q nx\’¡
K«∂_»=K«∞Û.
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 2= WÅ∞¡ J#QÍ ‰õΩ@∞O|O, "å‰õΩ¯, ¢ã‘Î *Ï`«HõOÖ’ Éèí~°Î, ^èŒ#™ê÷#O. `«O„_ç *Ï`«HõOÖ’ 6= ™ê÷#O
(|∞∞}O, ~ÀQÆ=Ú, â◊„`«∞=Ù) JHõ¯QÍi *Ï`«HõOÖ’ 4= ™ê÷#O, Hõx+¨μì_»∞ *Ï`«‰õΩxÖ’ =ºÜ«∞™ê÷#O
ã¨O|OkèOz# HÍ~°Hõ`åfiÅ∞ Ue#<å\˜â◊x =Å¡ H˘O`« W|ƒOk HõÅ∞QÆ∞#∞.
4= WÅ∞¡ J#QÍ K«^Œ∞=Ù, QÆ$ǨÏã¨÷P„â◊=∞O, Kèåu ÉèÏQÆ=Ú "åǨÏ#=Ú, QÆ$ǨÏ=Ú, `«O„_çQÍiH˜ J+¨ì=∞
™ê÷#=Ú, `«e¡QÍiH˜ [#‡™ê÷#=Ú, Hõx+¨μªÅ‰õΩ kfifÜ«∞O, J„QÆ*ÏʼnõΩ +¨+¨ªO, ÉèÏ~°º‰õΩ ^Œâ◊Ü«∞O ÃÑ·
ã¨OÉèíOkèOz# Hõ~åHõ`åfiÅ∞ W|ƒOk QÆ∞i HÍ=Ù#∞.
5= WÅ∞¡ J#QÍ ã¨O`å#O, q^ŒºÖ’ L#flu, Ü«∞O„`« ™ê÷#=Ú ~å*ÏQÆ$ǨÏ=Ú, `«O„_çQÍi Ü≥ÚHõ¯
ã¨fi™ê÷#O ÉèÏ~°º‰õΩ 11=™ê÷#O. `«e¡QÍiH˜ kfifÜ«∞O J„QÆAxH˜ ã¨ÎѨ=∞O. HÍ~°Hõ`«fiOÖ’ â◊x =Å¡H˘O`«
W|ƒOk U~°Ê_»∞#∞.
8= WÅ∞¡ J#QÍ =∂OQÆź=Ú, ÉèÏ~°º ^èŒ# ™ê÷#O, ™È^Œ~°∞ʼnõΩ Ñ¨OK«=∞=Ú, Éèí K«„HõOÖ’ `«O„_çH˜
=ºÜ«∞=Ú, `«e¡H˜ `«$fÜ«∞O. ~°Ç¨Ï㨺 „Ѩ^Õâ◊=Ú#∞ "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞ HÍ~°Hõ`«fi=ÚÅ∞ â◊x =Å# ^≥|ƒu<≥#∞.
QÆ=∞xHõ: ÃÑ· ã¨O|OkèOz# HÍ~°Hõ`«fi=ÚÅxfl\˜x =∂#ã≤HõOQÍ *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ W|ƒOk KÕÜ«Ú#∞.
ÃÑ· K≥Ñʨ |_ç# L^•~°ÇϨ } *Ï`«Hõ K«„Hõ=ÚÖ’ K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ q∞^è∞Œ #OÖ’ L<åfl_»∞ HÍ~å¯@HõOÖ’x â◊xQÀKå~°O
„ѨHÍ~°O =zÛ#ѨC_»∞, K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ #∞Oz 2= WO\’¡ L<åfl_»∞ HÍ|\˜ì Ue#<å\˜â◊x Jx =∞#O ÉèíÜ«∞Ѩ_»`å=Ú.
HÍh Hõ~å¯@HõOÖ’ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù „QÆǨÏO L#flk. QÆ∞~°∞=Ù Pi÷Hõ âßY HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ â◊x=$uÎ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞. Hõ~å¯@HõO
r
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ ã¨O|OkèOz# WÅ∞¡. HÍ=Ù# =$uÎ s`åº L#flu Ѩ^Œq Hõey JO^Œ∞Ö’ P^•Ü«∞O ÃÑiy "Õ~˘Hõ
„Ѩ^âÕ =◊ Ú |ke KÕÜ∞« |_»∞#∞. D q^èOŒ QÍ K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ #∞Oz =∂„`«"∞Õ HÍHõ q∞QÆ`å „QÆÇ¨ Å∞Oz â◊xx K«∂z#ѨC_»∞
â◊√Éèí, Jâ◊√Éèí Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞ =∞#‰õΩ U~°Ê_»∞`å~Ú. HÍ=Ù# Ue<å\˜â◊x JO>Ë K«O„^Œ∞x ã¨O|OkèOz<å Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞
H˘O`« W|ƒOkQÍ#∞ U~°Ê_»∞#∞. D q^Œ=ÚQÍ „Ѩu „QÆÇ¨ xH˜ ~åt K«„Hõ=ÚÖ’ (QÀKå~°OÖ’ â◊x ã¨OK«iOz#ѨC_»∞)
â◊√Éèí, Jâ◊√Éèí Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞ =∞#O K«∂_»=K«∞Û.

"≥·^Œº*’ºu+¨ºO :
=∞# *’ºu+¨ºâߢã¨Î=Ú =∞#‰õΩ, PÜ«Úˆ~fi^ŒO#‰õΩ Jq<åÉèÏ= ã¨O|O^èŒ=Ú#flk. =∂#=Ùx ã¨=∞㨺ʼnõΩ
PÜ«Úˆ~fi^ŒOÖ’ "å`«=Ú, Ñ≤`«Î=Ú, HõѶ¨=ÚQÍ =i‚OKå~°∞. =∞#‰õΩ ~åt K«„Hõ=ÚÖ’x „QÆǨÏÅ#∞ "å`«, Ñ≤`«Î,
HõѶ¨=ÚÅ∞QÍ D „H˜Ok ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞ K«∂_»=K«∞Û.

Ñ≤`«Î=Ú#‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ :

~°q, ‰õΩ[, ˆH`«∞=ÙÅ∞

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Hõá¶êxH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ :
~åǨï=Ù, â◊√„Hõ, K«O„^Œ∞_»∞
"å`«=Ú#‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ :
â◊x, |∞^èŒ∞_»∞
("å`å=~°}=ÚÖ’x =~å¬Å∞, K«e QÍe, ZO_»Å∞, Wq Jxfl ‰õÄ_® ~°qx P^è•~°=ÚQÍ ~°qÃÑ· K«∂_»∞
„QÆǨÅ Ü«∞u ^Œ$+≤ì ^•fi~å "å`«=~°}=ÚÖ’x q+¨Ü«∂Å#∞ Hõ#∞QÀ#_»"Õ∞ H͉õΩO_® =∞#O Éèí∂HõOѨ=ÚÖ’
"≥Ú^ŒÖˇ·# "å\˜x Hõ#∞Q˘#=K«∞Û#∞)

1. [Å∞|∞‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ :

=∞QÆ"åiH˜ r=HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù. P_»"åiH˜ r=HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞. giH˜ HõѶ¨=Ú#‰õΩ HÍ~°‰õΩÖˇ·#
HõѶ¨=Ú#‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# „QÆǨÅ∞ Ü«Úu, ^Œ$+≤ì =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ HõѶ¨=Ú#‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞. nxÖ’
áê\˜ "å`«=Ú#‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# „QÆǨÖˇ·# â◊xQÍx, |∞^èŒ∞xQÍh KÕi<å *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ HõѶ¨=Ú { âßfiã¨HÀâ◊
"åº^èŒ∞Å∞ "åºÑ≤OK«∞#∞.
L^• :
1. QÆ∞~°∞=Ù { ~åǨï=Ù
2. QÆ∞~°∞=Ù { â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞
3. QÆ∞~°∞=Ù { ~åǨï=Ù { â◊x (r=HÍ~°‰õΩ_≥·# QÆ∞~°∞=Ù`À áê\˜ Hõ~°‡ HÍ~°‰õΩ_≥·# â◊xH˜ „QÆǨÅ∞
HõÅ~ÚHõ ÖË^• K«∂Ѩ٠=Å# =∞#‰õΩ "å`«, Ñ≤`« ã¨=∞㨺Å#∞ U~°Ê_»∞#∞.

2. HõO\˜H˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ :

*Ï`«HOõ Ö’ ‰õΩ_ç HõO\˜x ~°qQÍ#∞, Z_»=∞HõO\˜x K«O„^Œ∞xQÍ#∞ ¿Ñ~˘¯O\˜i. HÍ=Ù# ~°qH˜ { K«O„^Œ∞xH˜
QÆÅ â◊„`«∞ „QÆǨ=ÚÅ∞ HõÅ~ÚHõ ÖË^• ^Œ$+≤ì =Å# HõO\˜H˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ U~°Ê_»∞#∞.
3. K≥qH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ :
K≥qH˜ HÍ~°Hõ`«fiO J~Ú# |∞^èŒ∞#‰õΩ, ~åǨï=Ù#‰õΩ "å\˜ â◊„`«∞ „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ J~Ú# ‰õΩA_»∞, ˆH`«∞=Ù
=Å# K≥qH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ U~°Ê_»∞#∞.

4. =Ú‰õΩ¯ ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ :
*Ï`«HõOÖ’ =Ú‰õΩ¯#∞ QÆ∞~°∞„QÆǨÏOQÍ K«∂ѨÙ_»∞ "ÕÅ∞#∞ QÆ∞~°∞„QÆǨÏOQÍ =i‚™êÎ~°∞. D QÆ∞~°∞ „QÆǨÏO#‰õΩ
â◊√Éèí„QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å# =Ú‰õΩ¯ JO^ŒOQÍ,QÆ∞~°∞=Ù#‰õΩ áêѨ „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅHõÅ~ÚHõ, K«∂Ѩ٠=„Hõ=ÚQÍ =Å#
=Ú‰õΩ¯ JO^ŒOQÍ ÖËHõáÈ=_»O, <åã≤Hõ‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞, Pi÷Hõ Jã≤÷~°`«fiO HõÅ∞QÆ∞#∞.

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5. Q˘O`«∞‰õΩ, K«~°‡=Ú#‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ :
*Ï`«Hõ K«„HõOÖ’ <åÅ∞Hõ, |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ „QÆǨÏOQÍ =i‚™êÎ~°∞. HÍ=Ù# |∞^茄QÆǨÏO KåÖÏ â◊„`«∞ „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞
HõÅ~ÚHõ, K«∂Ѩ٠=Å# Q˘O`«∞‰õΩ ã¨O|OkOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ HõÅ∞QÆ∞#∞.

6. ~°HõÎO, ѨO\˜H˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ :

*Ï`«H=õ ÚÖ’ ‰õΩA_»∞x ѨO\˜H˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# ~°HOÎõ ‰õΩ, Z=ÚHõŠѨ@∞`«fiO,"≥#∞flZ=ÚHõ =O\˜ ã¨=∞㨺Å#∞,
^≥·~°º Ѩ~å„Hõ=∞=ÚÅ∞, P_»"åi *Ï`«HõOÖ’ Éèí~°Î#∞, Hõ#∞ÉÁ=∞‡Å#∞ ‰õΩA#‰õΩ =i‚™êÎ~°∞. ‰õΩAx â◊„`«∞„QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ
HõÅ~ÚHõ, K«∂ѨÙ=Å# ѨO\˜H˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ =∞iÜ«Ú ~°H=Îõ Ú#‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ U~°Ê_»∞#∞.

7. PÜ«∂ã¨O :
Hõ~°‡ HÍ~°‰õΩx J~Ú# â◊xH˜QÍx, ^èŒ~°‡HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ =∞iÜ«Ú [#‡ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# QÆ∞~°∞=Ù‰õΩ Z‰õΩ¯=
HõѶ¨„QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ J~Ú# â◊√„Hõ, K«O„^Œ, ~åǨï=ÙÅ ã¨O|O^èŒOHõey# ÃÑ· "åºkèH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ =∞#O
QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û.

8. ǨÏ$^ŒÜ«∞O‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ :

ǨÏ$^ŒÜ«∞O ‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞, P`«‡HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ ~°q, D ~°q„QÆǨÏO#‰õΩ JkèHõ Ñ≤`«ÎHÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞
J~Ú# ‰õΩA_»∞QÍx, ˆH`«∞=Ù ã¨O|O^èŒO Hõey `«^•fi~å r=HÍ~°‰õΩx QÆ∞~°∞=Ù#‰õΩ QÍx, Hõ~°‡HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú#
â◊xH˜ ã¨O|O^èŒO Hõey# ǨÏ$^ŒÜ«∞O ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ U~°Ê_»∞#∞.
L^•: QÆ∞~°∞=Ù { ~°q { ‰õΩA
QÆ∞~°∞=Ù { ~°q { ˆH`«∞

9. H©à◊§‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ :

r=HÍ~°‰õΩ_≥·# QÆ∞~°∞=Ù#‰õΩ Hõ~°‡HÍ~°‰õΩ_≥·# â◊xH˜ KèåÜ«∞„QÆǨÏ=ÚÖˇ·# ~åǨï, ˆH`«∞=ÙÅ∞ ã¨O|O^èŒ=Ú
Hõey<å, K«∂_»|_ç<å ÃÑ· W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞ U~°Ê_»∞#∞.

10. K«ÔH¯~° "åºkè :

QÆ∞~°∞=Ù, â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ K«HÔ ¯~°"åºkè HÍ~°‰Ωõ Å∞, *Ï`«H=õ ÚÖ’ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù, â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞‰õΩ áêѨ „QÆÇϨ =ÚÅ ã¨O|O^è=Œ Ú
Hõey<å ÃÑ· ÅHõΔ}=Ú U~°Ê_»∞#∞. HÍh Ѷ¨e`« x~åÌ~°}Ö’ ~°HõÎ=Ú#‰õΩ HÍ~°‰õΩ_≥·<å K«O„^Œ∞_»∞, =∞[˚, HõO_»,
"åºkèx~À^èŒHõ â◊H˜Î HÍ~°‰õΩ_≥· ‰õΩA_»∞x ѨijeOz Ѷ¨e`«x~åú~°} KÕÜ«∂e.

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11. ~åK«Ñ¨ÙO_»∞ :
r=HÍ~°∞‰õΩ_»∞‰õΩ JkèHõ L+¨‚ HÍ~°‰Ωõ Öˇ#· ‰õΩ[, Hˆ `«∞=ÙÅ ^Œ$+≤ª ÖËHõ HõÅ~ÚHõ U~°Ê_çÃÑ· K≥Ñʨ |_ç# „QÆÇϨ =ÚÅ∞
"åi â◊„`«∞=Ù „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅÖ’ ÉèÏkèOK«|_»∞`«∞O>Ë ÃÑ· K≥ѨÊ|_ç# ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞ U~°Ê_»∞`å~Ú.

12. "≥#∞fl"≥ÚHõ¯ <˘Ñ≤Ê :

Z=ÚHõʼnõΩ HÍ~°‰õΩ_≥·# ‰õΩAxH˜ â◊„`«∞=Ù „QÆǨÏ=ÚÖˇ·<å #~åÅ HÍ~°‰õΩ_≥·# |∞^èŒ∞_»∞, L^Œ~°=Ú#‰õΩ
HÍ~°‰õΩ_≥·# ~åǨï=Ù, Ü«∞u HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å# "≥#∞fl Z=ÚHõ <˘Ñ≤Ê =K«∞Û#∞.

13. "åǨÏ# „Ѩ=∂^•Å∞ :

K«„HÍxH˜ HÍ~°‰Ωõ _≥#· ~åǨï=Ù, Ü«∞O„`«=Ú#‰õΩ HÍ~°‰Ωõ _≥#· ‰õΩA_»∞ ã¨O|O^èOŒ Hõey D ~Ô O_»∞ „QÆÇϨ =ÚÅ∞
Hõ~°‡HÍ~°‰õΩ_≥·# â◊xH˜ QÍh, r=HÍ~°‰õΩ_≥·# QÆ∞~°∞=ÙQÍh, Ѩ~°ã¨Ê~° ^Œ$+≤ì ÖË^• Ü«∞u Hõey<å "åǨÏ# „Ѩ=∂^•Å∞
U~°Ê_»∞#∞.

14. `«Å<˘Ñ≤Ê :
#~åÅHÍ~°‰õΩ_≥·# |∞^èŒ∞_»∞#H˜ `«# â◊„`«∞=Ù „QÆǨÏ=ÚÖˇ·<å ‰õΩAˆH`«∞=ÙÅ Ü«∞uQÍh, ^Œ$+≤ìHõey<å
P`«‡HÍ~°‰õΩ_≥·<å ~°q =∂#ã≤Hõ HÍ~°‰õΩ_≥·# K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ *Ï`«HõOÖ’ â◊„`«∞=Ù „QÆǨÅÖ’ ÉèÏkèOK«|_»∞`«∞#flѨC_»∞ ÃÑ·
K≥ѨÊ|_ç# ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞ LO\Ï~Ú.

15. P`«‡Ç¨Ï`åº „Ѩܫ∞`åflÅ∞ :

=∞#ã¨∞ûH˜ HÍ~°‰Ωõ _≥#· K«O„^Œ∞_»∞#‰õΩ `«# Pk q∞„`«∞_≥#· QÆ∞~°∞=Ù‰õΩ ã¨O|O^èHŒ ~õ "° ∞≥ #ÿ *Ï`«‰Ωõ _»∞ =∞#ã¨∞ûx
„ѨâßO`«`« U~°Ê_»∞#∞ HÍh Pq^èŒ=ÚQÍ HÍHõ K«O„^Œ∞#‰õΩ JkèHõ â◊„`«∞=Ù „QÆǨÏ=ÚÖˇ·<å â◊x, ~åǨï=Ù ã¨O|O^èŒO
Hõey`Õ P`«‡Ç¨Ï`«º „Ѩܫ∞`åflÅ∞ *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ KÕÜ«Ú#∞.

q^Õj „Ѩܫ∂}=Ú :
*Ï`«HõOÖ’ QÆ∞~°∞=Ùx r=HÍ~°‰õΩ_çQÍ#∞ (=∞QÆ"å~°∞) â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ r=HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ (¢ã‘ÎÅ∞) Hõ~°‡HÍ~°‰õΩ_≥·#
â◊xH˜ „Ѩܫ∂}Ï# HÍ~°‰õΩ_≥·# K«O„^Œ∞_»∞, q^ÕjHÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ ~åǨï=Ù ^Œ$+≤ì Hõey# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ q^ÕjÜ«∂#O
KÕÜ«Ú#∞. D „QÆǨÏO HõÅ~ÚHõ *Ï`«Hõ=ÚÖ’ K«~°~åtÖ’ [iy# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ ѨÅ∞^Õâ◊=ÚÅÖ’ LO_»∞@, ã≤÷~°~åtÖ’
[iy# [#‡™ê÷#O =^Œe U^≥·# q^Õâ◊=ÚÅÖ’ ã≤÷~°Ñ¨_»∞@, kfiã¨fiÉèÏ=™ê÷#OÖ’ [iy# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ `«# =$uÎ s`åº
„Ѩܫ∂}=Ú KÕÜ«∞@ =∞#=Ú QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û. (*Ï`«Hõ=Ú#∞ ѨijeOz#ѨÙ_»∞ *Ï`«Hõ=ÚÖ’ 1,5,9 ^Œ$+≤ìÖ’
áê@∞ „Ѩu „QÆǨÏ=Ú#‰õΩ 2,12 „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ ^Œ$+≤ì q∞H˜¯e J=ã¨~°=Ú)

- 61 -
q^•ºÉèϺã¨O :
*Ï`«‰õΩx q^Œº#∞ =∞#O |∞^èŒ∞xQÍ =i‚OK« =K«∞Û. |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ *Ï`«Hõ=ÚÖ’ q^Œº#∞, "åH±Kå`«∞~°ºO
WK«∞Û@Ö’ ã≤^ŒúǨÏã¨∞Î_»∞. Ѩ~åâ◊~° =∞ǨÏi¬ q^Œº#∞ *Ï`«HõOÖ’ K«∂_»=Öˇ##fl |∞^èŒ∞x #∞Oz 4= WÅ∞¡ L#fl`«
q^Œº, K«∂_»=Öˇ##fl |∞^è∞Œ x #∞Oz 7= WO@ K«∂_»=Öˇ#x K≥ÑÊ≤ <å_»∞. Wk ZO`À ѨijeOK«=Åã≤# J=ã¨~=° Ú.
|∞^èŒ∞xH˜ 1,5,9 „QÆǨÏ=ÚʼnõΩ HõÅ~ÚHõ =∞iÜ«Ú 2,12 „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ ^Œ$+≤ì q∞H˜¯e P=â◊ºHõ=Ú |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ qq^èŒ
„QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å# HõÅ∞QÆ∞ =$`«∞ÎÅ∞.

|∞^èŒ∞x`À ~°q :
~°q ™êOѶ≤∞Hõâߢã¨ÎOÖ’, "Õ^Œ q^Œº‰õΩ, Jâ◊fih‰õΩ=∂~°∞Å∞ ~°q Ü≥ÚHõ¯ Ѩل`«∞Å∞ Hõ#∞Hõ "≥·^Œº x~°fiHÍ~°‰õΩÅ∞
HÍ=Ù# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ ÃÑ· q^ŒºÅ#∞ J=ÅOaèOK«∞#∞. HÍx ~°q ^Œ$+≤ì =Å# |∞^èŒ∞#‰õΩ Jã¨ÎOQÆ`«fiO U~°Ê_ç q^ŒºÖ’
Ѩ@∞`«fiO, JkèHÍ~°O, Ѩiâ’^èŒ# Ö’Ñ≤OK«∞#∞.
|∞^èŒ∞x`À K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ :
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ Hõà◊ʼnõΩ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞, Éè’[# „Ñ≤Ü«Ú_»∞, H©Δ~° HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞, #kHÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞, HÍ=Ù# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ J#QÍ
|∞^èŒ∞_»∞ K«O„^Œ∞x ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞ Hõey ÃÑ· ã¨O|OkèOz# q^Œº#∞ J#∞„QÆÇ≤ÏOK«∞#∞.

|∞^èŒ∞x`À ‰õΩA_»∞ :
|∞^èŒ∞xH˜ ‰õΩA_»∞ Ѩ~°=∞ â◊„`«∞=Ù. XHõ~°∞ ^ŒH˜Δ}O‰õΩ JkèѨu J~Ú# =∞~˘Hõ~°∞ L`«Î~°O‰õΩ JkèѨu. gi
HõÅ~ÚHõ =¸ÖÏ# q^ŒºÖ’ P@OHõ=ÚÅ∞, q"å^Œ=∞Å∞, ‰õΩA_»∞ Ü«∞O„`«=ÚʼnõΩ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ Hõ#∞Hõ *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜
Ü«∞O„`« ã¨OÉèíOkèOz# q^Œº U~°Ê_»∞#∞.

|∞^èŒ∞x`À QÆ∞~°∞=Ù :
nxH˜ |∞kú qâı+≤`« Ü≥∂QÆO JO^Œ∞~°∞. HÍx QÆ∞~°∞=Ù WO\˜Ö’ |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ hK« Hõey##∞ *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞
â◊√Éèí„QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ ^Œ$+≤ì=Å# q^Œº#∞ ѨiѨÓ~°‚OKÕÜ«Ú#∞. "å\˜ HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å# É’^èŒ# =$uÎ, ÖˇHõ¯Å∞, P_ç\ ˜OQ∑,
HÍ=∞~üû, *’ºu+¨ºO "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞#q *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞#‰õΩ U~°Ê_»∞#∞.

|∞^èŒ∞x`À â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ :
|∞^èŒ∞#‰õΩ â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ Pk q∞„`«∞_»∞. *Ï`«‰õΩx `≥eq `Õ@Å∞ HÍOu=Öˇ „ѨHÍtOK«∞#∞. "åi `≥eq`Õ@Å∞
Z@∞=O\˜ q^Œº J~Ú<å KåÖÏ ã¨∞ÅÉèíOQÍ <Õ~°∞ÛH˘#∞#∞. D „QÆǨÏ=ÚʼnõΩ QÆ∞~°∞ ã¨O|O^èŒOQÍ Hõey "å~°∞
q^ŒºÖ’ L#fl`« ™ê÷~ÚH˜ KÕ~°∞H˘O^Œ∞~°∞. â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ ã¨Or=x q^Œº‰õΩ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ HÍ=Ù# *Ï`«‰õΩ#‰õΩ "≥·^Œº q^Œº‰õΩ
Z#ÖËx H©iÎ, „Ѩu+¨ìÅ∞, ~ÀQÆ∞Å#∞ J`«º=ã¨~°Ñ¨iã≤÷ÅÖ’ ‰õÄ_® "åi "≥·^ŒºO "åiH˜ Ü«∞=∞áêâ◊O #∞O_ç ^Œ∂~°O
KÕÜ«Ú#∞.
- 62 -
|∞^èŒ∞x`À â◊x :
D Ô~O_»∞ „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ ™È=∞~°∞Å∞. â◊x *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ "≥∞ÿxOQ∑ ã¨O|OkèOz# K«^Œ∞=Ù, ‰õÄ~°∞ÛxKÕÜ«Ú
#∂<≥"åºáê~°O, W#∞=Ú "åºáê~°O "åiHõÅ~ÚHõ Z‰õΩ¯= *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ KÕÜ«Ú#∞
|∞^èŒ∞x`À ~åǨï=Ù :
~åǨï=Ù J#QÍ L#flk ÖË#@∞¡, ÖËxk L#fl@∞¡ „Éèíq∞OѨKÕÜ«Ú „QÆǨÏO HÍ=Ù# "åi HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å#
z„`«=ÚÅ∞, HõOѨÓ@~°∞¡, ÔHq∞HõÖòû Ѷ≤lH±û (Ãã·<£û) ‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# =$`«∞ÎÅ∞ U~°Ê_»∞#∞.

|∞^èŒ∞x`À ˆH`«∞=Ù:
|∞^èŒ∞xH˜ ˆH`«∞=Ù â◊„`«∞=Ù HÍ=Ù# q^Œº#∞ P@OHõ Ѩ~°K«∞#∞. J~Ú#ѨÊ\˜H© ˆH`«∞=Ù "≥∂HõΔHÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞.
<åºÜ«∞"åk, J=∞$`«O `åy# "å_»∞ HÍ=Ù# "≥·^Œº =$uÎH˜ K≥Ok#"å_»∞, *’ºu+¨μº_»∞ HÍ=Ù# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ ÃÑ·
ã¨O|OkèOz# K«^Œ∞=ÙÅ∞ *Ï`«‰õΩ#‰õΩ U~°Ê_»∞#∞.
|∞^èŒ∞xH˜ J<ÕHõ „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ HõÅ~ÚHõ Hõey# *Ï`«Hõ=ÚÖ’ Jxfl „QÆǨÅ „ѨÉèÏ=O U~°Ê_ç |∞^èŒ∞xH˜ U~°Ê_ç
`«QÆ∞ ã¨O|OkèOz# q^ŒºÅ∞ U~°Ê_»∞#∞.
D<å_»∞ ã¨=∂[OÖ’ q^Œº#∞ q"ÕHõO H˘~°‰õΩ HÍHõ =$uÎ H˘~°‰õΩ =∞#O <Õ~°∞Û‰õΩO@∞<åfl=Ú. HÍ=Ù#
=∞#=Ú q^Œº`Àáê@∞ =$uÎ, HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# â◊x Ü≥ÚHõ¯ Ô~O_»= WÅ∞¡ J#QÍ =$uÎ ^•fi~å ^èŒ#O, HÍ=Ù# â◊x
#∞Oz Ô~O_»= WÅ∞¡ PÖ’zOz# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ q^Œº#∞ J=ÅOaèOz# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ K«Hõ¯x ã¨=∞~°÷=O`«"≥∞ÿ# Jaè=$kú
U~°Ê~°K«∞H˘#∞#∞. ÃÑ· "åxÖ’áê@∞ ã¨Ç¨Ï[ ã≤^Œ∞úÅ∞ J~Ú# ~åt ÅHõΔ}=ÚÅ∞ =∞#O ѨiQÆ}ÏxH˜ fã¨∞H˘#=Öˇ#∞.
L^• : "Õ∞+¨O – Ü«∞O„`«=ÚÅ∞
=$+¨ÉèíO – Pi÷HõO
q∞^èŒ∞#O – Hõ=¸ºxˆH+¨<£
Hõ~å¯@HõO – [# r=#O‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz#
ã≤OǨÏO – ~å[QÆ$ǨÏO
Hõ#º – Ѩi„â◊=∞ ™ê÷#=Ú
`«∞Å – "åºáê~°=Ú
=$tÛHõO – =∂i≈Hõ ã¨OÉèíO^èŒO
^èŒ#ã¨∞û – „QÍg∞}„áêO`«=Ú
=∞Hõ~°O – ÔHq∞HõÖò =∞iÜ«Ú "≥∞ÿxOQ∑
‰õΩOÉèíO – Ѩiâ’^èŒ#
g∞#O – "Õ^Œ q^ŒºÅ∞, "≥·^Œºq^Œº, <åºÜ«∞=$uÎ
- 63 -
QÆ∞~°∞=Ù, â◊√„‰õΩx ^•fi~å HõÅ∞QÆ∞ LѨÜ≥∂QÍÅ∞ ^èŒ# Ü≥∂QÆ=ÚÅ∞ :
r=HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# QÆ∞~°∞=Ù (ѨÙ~°∞+¨μʼnõΩ) r=HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ (¢ã‘ÎʼnõΩ) ã¨O|O^èŒOHõey#
*Ï`«‰õΩ#‰õΩ ^èŒ#=Ú, ^è•#º=Ú, ã≤i ã¨OѨ^ŒÅ`À *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ `«∞Å`«∂QÆ∞#∞. QÆ∞~°∞=Ù#‰õΩ â◊√„‰õΩxÖ’ 1,5,9
ã¨OKå~°O Hõey# QÆ∞~°∞=Ù WO\˜Ö’ â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞, â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ WO\˜Ö’ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù, QÆ∞~°∞=Ù q∞„`«, ã¨fiˆHΔ„`«O, LK«ÛˆHΔ„`«O
L#fl#∂, â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ `«# q∞„`«, ã¨fiˆHΔ„`«O, LK«ÛùˆHΔ„`«OÖ’ L#flѨÙ_»∞ *Ï`«‰õΩ#‰õΩ ^èŒ#=Ú U^À ~°∂Ѩ=Ú# KÕuH˜
JO^Œ∞#∞.

ÃÑ· Ô~O_»∞ „QÆǨÏ=ÚʼnõΩ *Ï`«‰õ=ÚÖ’ â◊„`«∞, hK«, Ѩ~°ã¨Ê~° ^Œ$+≤ìÖËHõáÈ=Ù@ *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ ^èŒ# Ü≥∂QÆ=Ú#‰õΩ
Z‰õΩ¯= W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞ Ѩ_»∞#∞. ^èŒ# Ü≥∂QÆ=ÚÖ’ K«O„^Œ∞x =∞#‰õΩ Ñ¨ijeOK«=Öˇ#∞. ZO^Œ∞Hõ#QÍ Y~°∞ÛʼnõΩ
HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ HÍ=Ù# K«O„^Œ∞_»∞, q∞„`«, â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞, LK«Ûù ˆHΔ„`«=ÚÅ∞ |\˜ì *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ Y~°∞Û ÃÑ@∞ì Ѩiã≤÷u
U~°Ê_»∞#∞. *Ï`«HõOÖ’ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù, â◊√„‰õΩÅ∞ ÉÏQÍÖË#ѨÙ_»∞ K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ LK«ÛùÖ’ L#fl *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ J<ÕHõ J<ÕHõ
JѨCÅ∞ KÕã≤ `«^•fi~å ^èŒ#O#∞ Y~°∞Û KÕÜ«Ú#∞.

*Ï`«Hõ=ÚÖ’ =$uÎx K«∂_»_»O :

Éèí K«„HõOÖ’ 10 =™ê÷#=Ú =∞Hõ~°=Ú ^•xH˜ JkèѨu â◊x, â◊xH˜ Ô~O_»= ™ê÷#O J#QÍ 11= ™ê÷#O
^•xH˜ JkèѨu â◊x ^•xx =∞#O ÖÏÉèí ™ê÷#O Jx, J„QÆ[ ™ê÷#O Jx ‰õÄ_® JO\Ï~°∞. HÍ=Ù# =∞#O =$uÎx
â◊xx K«∂ã≤ =$uÎ ^•fi~å P^•Ü«∞O#∞ â◊x #∞Oz Ô~O_»= WÅ∞¡ K«∂_»=Öˇ#∞.

â◊x – ~°q – ~°q J#QÍ Ñ≤„`«∞HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞, â◊x J#QÍ =$uÎ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞. HÍ=Ù# *Ï`«‰õΩx `«O„_ç Ü≥ÚHõ¯ =$uÎ,
„ѨÉèí∞`«fiO ã¨O|O^èŒO, "≥·^ŒºO, aÜ«∞ºO, ÉOQÍ~°O, "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞ ~°q HÍ~°HÍÅ∞ ã¨O|OkèOz# "åºáê~°O.

â◊x–K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ – =$uÎ, HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# â◊xH˜, „Ѩܫ∂} HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# K«O„^Œ∞_»∞, HõÅã≤# „Ѩܫ∂}ÏʼnõΩ
ã¨OÉèíOkOz# =$uÎ, áêÅ∞, h\˜ "åºáê~°O, Ǩϟ@Öò "åºáê~°O.

â◊x–‰õΩA_»∞ – â◊xH˜ ‰õΩA#‰õΩ â◊„`«∞ ÉèË^ŒO L#fl U<å\˜H˜ ‰õΩA#‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# =$uÎ J#QÍ Technical
<åÜ«∞Hõ`«fiO, áÈbã¨∞, Ü«∞O„`«=ÚÅ#‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# =$uÎ

â◊x–|∞^è∞Œ _»∞ – â◊xH˜ "åºáê~° HÍ~°‰Ωõ _»∞ J~Ú# |∞^è∞Œ xH˜ ã¨O|O^èOŒ Hõey# JH“O\˜OQ∑ qÉèÏQÆO, "åºáê~åÅÖ’
#∂<≥H˜ ã¨O|OkèOz#k, "≥∞ÿxOQ∑ "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞#q =∞#O K«∂_»=K«∞Û.

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â◊x QÆ∞~°∞=ÙÅ∞ – â◊x, QÆ∞~°∞=ÙÅ∞ J#QÍ ^èŒ~°‡, Hõ~°‡ HÍ~°‰õΩÅ∞. HÍ=Ù# â◊x#∞Oz Ô~O_»= WO\˜Ö’x „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ
^•fi~å =$uÎx x~°‚~ÚOz JO^Œ∞Ö’ L#flux *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ á⁄O^Œ∞#∞.

â◊x-â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ – â◊xH˜ Hõà◊ʼnõΩ =∞iÜ«Ú ã≤iã¨OѨ^ŒÅ‰õΩ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# â◊xH˜ U~°Ê_ç# =∞#O *Ï`«‰õΩx
Hõ^äŒÅ‰õΩ =∞iÜ«Ú ÃѶ·<å<£û "åºáê~°OQÍ K«∂_»=K«∞Û.

â◊x–~åǨï=Ù – ~åǨï=Ù J#QÍ =∂Ü«∞, "≥∂ã¨QÍ_»∞, K«Å#z„`«Ñ¨i„â◊=∞, KÕÜ«Ú =$uÎ =∞iÜ«Ú K«^Œ∞=Ù#‰õΩ
á⁄O`«# LO_»^Œ∞.
â◊x–ˆH`«∞=Ù – =∞`«ã¨Oã¨÷Å∞, "≥·^ŒºO, <åºÜ«∞„Ѩ=$uÎ. â◊xH˜ hK« HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú, ‰õΩ[, ˆH`«∞=ÙÅ =Å# Z‰õΩ¯=
=$uÎ P@OHõ=ÚÅ∞, K«O„^Œ∞x =Å# xO^ŒÅ∞, ~°q =Å# JkèHÍ~°∞Å`À W|ƒOk HõÅ∞QÆ∞#∞. =$uÎx =∞#O
ã¨∂zOz#ѨÙ_»∞ ÃÑ· q+¨Ü«∞=ÚÅÖ’ *Ï`«Hõ=ÚÖ’ â◊xH˜ W~°∞"≥·Ñ¨ÙÅ „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ L#flq ÖËHõ XO@iQÍ L#fl^•
J<Õ q+¨Ü«∞O „QÆÇ≤ÏOKåe. XO@iQÍ L#fl *Ï`«HõOÖ’ *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ =$uÎx KÕѨ\ ˜ì JO^Œ∞Ö’ ã≤÷~°`«fiO á⁄O^Œ∞@‰õΩ
*Ï`«‰õΩx QÆ∞~°∞, â◊√„‰õΩÅ „ѨÉèÏ==ÚÅ#∞ =∞#O KåÖÏ ã¨∂HõΔ ‡ ^Œ$+≤ì`À „QÆÇ≤ÏOKåe.

*Ï`«Hõ=ÚÖ’ ÉèÏ~°º#∞ QÆ∞iOz `≥Å∞ã¨∞H˘#∞@ :

â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ J#QÍ ÉèÏ~°º#∞ ã¨∂zOK«∞ „QÆǨÏ=Ú. Éèí K«„HõOÖ’ U_»=™ê÷#O K«∂¿Ñ~åt. ^•xH˜ Jk 7=
~åt â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ QÍ=Ù# ÉèÏ~°º HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ â◊√„‰õΩxQÍ =i‚™êÎ~°∞. â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ hK« á⁄O^Œ∞ ~åt J#QÍ Hõ#º ^•xH˜
JkèѨu |∞^èŒ∞_»∞. *Ï`«‰õΩx Ô~O_»= ÉèÏ~°º â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ J#QÍ „j^Õq =∞iÜ«Ú |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ J#QÍ Éèí∂^Õq. â◊√„‰õΩx
qq^èŒ „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å# =∞#O *Ï`«HõOÖ’ ÉèÏ~°º ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞ =∞#O „QÆÇ≤ÏOK«=K«∞Û.

â◊√„Hõ_»∞ – ~°q : ~°q J#QÍ HõΔ„uÜ«Ú_»∞ â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ J#QÍ ÉèÏ~°º. *Ï`«HõOÖ’ ~°q â◊√„HõO HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å#
*Ï`«‰Ωõ ~åÅ∞ ÉèÏ~°º, ~å[iHõ ÅHõ}Δ ÏÅ∞, =∞Oz ‰õΩ@∞O|O, "å`å=~°} <åÜ«∞Hõ`fi« Ѩ٠ÅHõ}Δ ÏÅ∞, HõàÖ◊ ’ W|ƒO^Œ∞ʼnõΩ
ÉÏ^ŒÑ¨_»∞#k. =∂Ü«∞ "≥∂ǨÏ=ÚÅÖ’ ÉOk J~Ú#k. ã¨O`å#O =Å# Hõ+¨ì=ÚÅ∞ "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞#q =∞#=Ú ÉèÏ~°º
*Ï`«HõOÖ’ K«∂_»=K«∞Û.

â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ – K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ : *Ï`«‰õΩ~åe ÉèÏ~°º „Ѩܫ∂}=ÚÅ∞, Hõà◊Å∞, Jaè~°∞z HõÅk, ^Œ∂~°„áêO`«O #∞Oz, `«e¡
QÍiH˜ ã¨O|O^èŒO HõÅk. =∞#ã¨∞ xÅHõ_» ÖËxk. J#∞=∂#O HõÅk, HõѶ¨=Ú ã¨O|OkèOz# W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞ HõÅk.
J`«ÎQÍi`À, =∂=∞QÍi`À ã¨Yº`«ÖËx QÆÅ ÉèÏ~°º ÅaèOK«∞#∞.

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â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ – ‰õΩA_»∞ : â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ J#QÍ ÉèÏ~°º ‰õΩA_»∞ J#QÍ Ãã·<åº^茺‰õΔΩ_»∞x *Ï`«‰õΩx ÉèÏ~°º Fiq∞, HõΔ=∞ÖËx,
Z‰õΩ¯= Pi÷Hõ W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞, ™È^Œ~°∞_»∞ Pã≤Î Hõey#"å_»∞, Éèí~°Î Hõà◊ÅÖ’ „áêg}ºO, =O@‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz K«Hõ¯x
J=QÍǨÏ#, ™œ+¨ì=O, H˘O`« á⁄\˜ìQÆÅ ~°∂ѨO LO_»∞@, `«QÆ=ÙÅ∞ J#QÍ W+¨ìO HõÅk =∞#O K«∂_»=K«∞Û.

â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ – |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ : â◊„‰õΩ_»∞ |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ q∞„`«∞Å∞ HÍ=Ù# *Ï`«‰õΩ~åe ÉèÏ~°º KåÖÏ `≥eqQÆÅ =ºH˜Î, =∞Oz
"å‰õΩ¯, q∞H˜¯e `≥eq`Õ@Å`À W|ƒO^Œ∞Å#∞ JkèQÆq∞OK«_»O, HÍx q^Œº~°∂ѨOÖ’x `≥eq`Õ@Å∞ H͉õΩO_®
„|`«∞‰õΩ@‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# `≥eq`Õ@Å∞ HõÅk. K«~‡° ã¨O|O^èOŒ J~Ú# ~ÀQÆ=ÚÅ∞, *Ï`«‰Ωõ _çx ÉèÏ~°º‰õΩ W|ƒOkH˜
QÆ∞iKÕÜ«Ú#∞. |∞^èŒ, â◊√„‰õΩ#‰õΩ â◊√Éèí „QÆÇ¨Ï ã¨O|O^èŒO ÖËxKÀ J#QÍ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù *Ï`«‰õΩx ÉèÏ~°º‰õΩ K«ÔH¯~°"åºkè
=K«∞Û J=HÍâ◊O HõÅQÆ∞#∞.

â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ – QÆ∞~°∞=Ù : Ѩq„`«∞~åÅ∞, ^≥·=zO`«#, ™êufiHõ`«, ã¨=∂[OÖ’ K«Hõ¯x Q“~°= „Ѩu+¨ìÅ∞, ã≤iã¨OѨ^ŒÅ∞,
=∞iÜ«Ú JkèHõ ÖÏ=Ù HõÅ∞QÆ∞ ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ Hõey LO_»∞#∞. *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ |∞^èŒHÍ~° Hõ`«fi=ÚÅ∞ Ö’Ñ≤Oz |∞^èŒ∞xH˜
ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ K«∂_»=K«∞Û.

â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ – â◊x : â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ J#QÍ ÉèÏ~°º, â◊x J#QÍ =$kú. Éèí K«„HõOÖ’ 7= ™ê÷#O `«∞Å~åt JkèѨu â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞,
=$uÎ ™êú#O‰õΩ JkèѨu â◊x. HÍ=Ù# "åi HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ~åe ÉèÏ~°º =$uÎx x~°fiÇ≤ÏOK«∞#∞ =∞iÜ«Ú
™È=∞iQÍ LO_»∞#∞.

â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ – ~åǨï=Ù : â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ , ~åǨï=٠Ѩ~°=∞ q∞„`«∞Å∞. "åi HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ~åe ÉèÏ~°º PHõ~°¬}QÍ
LO_»∞#∞. *Ï`«‰Ωõ ~åeH˜ Éè=í #=ÚÅ∞ ,"åǨÏ#=ÚÅ∞ LO_»∞Ü≥∂QÆO H˘O`« QÆ∂_»Kå~°=Ú, J|^Œ=Ì ÚÅ∞ K≥ÑÙ¨ Ê@,`«e,¡
^ŒO„_»∞ʼnõΩ q~À^è=Œ ÚÅ∞ HõÅ∞QÆ∞@, HõO\˜H˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ Hõey LO_»∞@, Éè~í ‰Î° Ωõ H˘O`« <åQÆ^À+¨=Ú,
™È^Œ~°∞xH˜, ã¨úÅ=Ú‰õΩ ã¨O|OkOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞#q =∞#O *Ï`«‰õΩxÖ’ QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û.

â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ – Hˆ `«∞=Ù : â◊√„Hõ, Hˆ `«∞=ÙÅ =Å# *Ï`«H=õ ÚÖ’*Ï`«‰Ωõ ~åe ÉèÏ~°º qâߊǨÏ$^ŒÜ∞« O, Éè~í #ΰ ∞ W|ƒO^Œ∞ʼnõΩ
QÆiKÕÜÚ« @, J`«,Î =∂=∞Å#∞ ÉÏkèOK«∞@, Ѩ~∞° Å#∞, ¿ãflÇ≤Ï`«∞Å#∞, `«#"åiQÍ , `«#"åix Ѩ~∞° Å∞QÍ ÉèÏqOK«∞@
>ˇH˜flHõÖòZ_»∞ºˆH+¨<£ HõÅk. =∞#O QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û. â◊√„Hõ ˆH`«∞=ÙÅ HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å#*Ï`«‰õΩ~åe Éèí~°Î ‰õΩ@∞O|O,
ǨÏ~îå`«∞Î =∞~°}O, "åǨÏ# „Ѩ=∂^•Å∞, ~åK«Ñ¨ÙO_»∞, ѨO\˜H˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ =∞#O QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û.

â◊√„‰õΩx J<ÕHõ „QÆǨÏã¨OÉèíO^èŒO =Å# qq^èŒ „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ HÍ~°º„Hõ=∞=ÚʼnõΩ ã¨OÉèíOkèOz ÅHõΔ}=ÚÅ∞

*Ï`«‰õΩ~åe ÉèÏ~°º =∞#O „QÆÇ≤ÏOK«=K«∞Û.
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ã¨O`å#Ü≥∂QÆO :
*Ï`«Hõ=ÚÖ’ QÆ∞~°∞=ÙH˜ r=HÍ~°‰õΩxQÍ ¿Ñ~˘¯O\Ï~°∞. r=HÍ~°‰õΩxH˜ Ѩل`«HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# ~°q =Å#
*Ï`«‰õΩ#‰õΩ Ñ¨Ù„`«Ü≥∂QÆO LO_»∞#∞. â◊√„‰õΩx Ü≥ÚHõ¯HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å# ѨلuHõÜ≥∂QÆO LO_»∞#∞. *Ï`«‰õΩx Ѩل`«∞x
K«∂K«∞#ѨÙ_»∞ ~°q „Ѩ^è•#"≥∞ÿ# „QÆǨÏ=Ú. ZO^Œ∞Hõ#QÍ Éèí K«„HõOÖ’ 5= WÅ∞¡ ã¨O`å#O, ^•xH˜ JkèѨu ~°q.
HÍ=Ù# ~°q â◊„`«∞ „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ J~Ú# ~åǨï, ˆH`«∞=ÙÅ`À Uk |O^èŒO Hõey#ѨÙ_»∞ *Ï`«‰õΩx Ѩل`«ã¨O`å#O
ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ U~°Ê_»∞#∞. ~°qH˜, ~åǨï, ˆH`«∞=Ù ã¨O|O^èŒO „Ѩ=∂^Œ=Ú. QÆ∞~°∞=Ù K«∂Ѩ٠=Å# QÍx, ~°qH˜ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù
HõÅ~ÚHõ, ~°q Ô~O_»= WO\˜H˜ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù LO_ç##∞, ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ =zÛ##∞ Jq z=~° JO`«=∞QÆ∞#∞.

*Ï`«Hõ=ÚÖ’ â◊x, â◊√„‰õΩÅ∞ HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å# Ñ≤Å¡Å∞ ѨÙ@∞ì@Ö’ *ÏѨº=Ú, ~°q, â◊√„‰õΩÅ∞ XˆH ~åt
J~Ú# *Ï`«‰õΩx Ñ≤Å¡Å∞ HõÅ∞QÆ∞ J=HÍâßÅ∞ ã¨#flyÅ∞¡#∞. (~°q J#QÍ Ñ¨Ù„`«HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ J#QÍ *Ï`«‰õΩx
g~°ºO nx HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å# g~°ºOÖ’ r=Hõ}=ÚÅ∞ Jq JyflH˜ =∞~°}O˜ K«∞@, ã¨O`å#Ç‘Ï#`« K«∂ѨÙ@) "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞#q
=∞#O QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û.

~°q, â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ *Ï`«HõOÖ’ U™ê÷#OÖ’ U ~åtÖ’L#fl^À=∞#O QÆ=∞xOz ^•xH˜ W`«~° „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ ^Œ$+≤ì,
Ѩi=~°Î#, =∞x #HõΔ„`«=ÚÅ∞ =∞#O „QÆÇ≤ÏOK« =Öˇ#∞.

"≥∂HõΔ Ü≥∂QÆO :
Éèí K«„HõOÖ’ =∞QÆ"åiH˜ r=HÍ~°‰Ωõ _»∞, QÆ∞~°∞=Ù, P_»"åiH˜ r=HÍ~°‰Ωõ _»∞ â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞, W~°∞=ÙiH˜ Hõ~‡° HÍ~°‰Ωõ _»∞
â◊xQÍ#∞, "≥∂HõΔHÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ ˆH`«∞=Ù#∞ K≥ѨÊ|_ç#k. HÍ=Ù# *Ï`«HõOÖ’ r=HÍ~°‰õΩxH˜ QÍx Hõ~°‡HÍ~°‰õΩxH˜
"≥∂HõΔHÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# ˆH`«∞=Ù ã¨O|O^èŒO L#fl *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ "≥∂HõΔ Ü≥∂QÆO QÍ =i‚OK«|_»∞#∞.

D„QÆǨÅ∞ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù LK«Ûù á⁄O^Œ∞ Hõ~å¯@HõO, ã¨fiˆHΔ„`«O J~Ú# ^èŒ#ã¨∞û, g∞#=ÚÅ∞, ˆH`«∞=Ù‰õΩ LK«Ûù
J~Ú =$tÛHõO =¸Å „uHÀ}O J~Ú# g∞#O D Ü≥∂QÆO „Ѩ|Å=Ú. Hõ~°‡HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ â◊x =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜
<åºÜ«∞ Ѩ~"° ∞≥ #ÿ =$kú „áêg}ºO, Pi÷Hõ W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞ X_ç^∞Œ _»∞‰õΩÅ∞, "≥∂Hõ=Δ ∞#‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# *Ï˝#O "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞#q
=∞#O QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û. "≥∂HõΔ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# ˆH`«∞=Ù U^À XHõ Ü≥∂QÆO#∞ U~°ÊiÛ *Ï`«‰õΩx Ü≥ÚHõ¯ H©iÎx
#Å∞=¸ÅÅ "åºÑ≤ÎOѨ KÕÜ«Ú#∞. ^•x=Å# Hõx+¨μªÅ∞ *Ï`«‰õΩx #∞Oz ^Œ∂~°O JQÆ∞@, K«Hõ¯x "å‰õΩ¯ Hõey
LO_»∞@ ^Œ∂~°„áêO`åʼnõΩ „Ѩܫ∂}˜OK«∞@, JkèHÍ~°∞Å J#∞„QÆǨÏO =O\˜ ÅHõΔ}=ÚÅ∞ =∞#O QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û.

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 ѨiǨ~åÅ∞
#=„QÆÇ¨Ï ^蕺# â’¡Hõ=ÚÅ∞ :
~°q : [áê‰õΩã¨∞=∞ ã¨OHÍâ◊O, HÍâ◊º¿ÑÜ«∞O =∞Ǩ^Œ∞ºuO
`«"≥∂iO ã¨~°fiáêѨѶ¨∞flO, „Ѩ}`åã≤‡k"åHõ~°O
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞: ^Œkèâ◊OY `«∞ëê~åÉèíO, H©Δ~À^•~°‚= ã¨OÉèí=O
#=∂q∞ â◊t#O™È=∞O â◊OÉè’~°≈‰õΩ@ Éèí∂+¨}O
‰õΩ[ : ^èŒ~°}© QÆ~°ƒù ã¨OÉèí∂`«O q^Œ∞º`å¯Ou ã¨=∞„ѨÉèí"£∞
‰õΩ=∂~°O â◊H˜ÎǨÏã¨ÎO `«O =∞OQÆà◊"£∞ „Ѩ}Ü«∂=∞ºÇ¨Ï"£∞
|∞^èŒ : „Ñ≤Ü«∞OQÆ∞ HõoHÍâߺ=∞O ~°∂¿Ñ} „Ѩu=∞O |O^èŒO
™œ=∞ºO ™œ=∞ºQÆ∞}À¿Ñ`«O `«O |∞^èŒO „Ѩ}=∂=∞ºÇ¨Ï"£∞
QÆ∞~°∞ : ^Õ"å<åO K« |∞∞+‘}ÏO K« QÆ∞~°∞O HÍOK«#ã¨OxÉèí"£∞
|∞kúÉèí∂`«O „uÖ’ˆHâ◊O `«O #=∂q∞ |$ǨÏã¨Êu"£∞
â◊√„Hõ : Ç≤Ï=∞‰õΩO^Œ=∞$}ÏÖÏÉèíO ^≥·`åº<åO Ѩ~°=∞O QÆ∞~°∞"£∞
ã¨~°fi"åG„Ѩ=HÍÎ~°O ÉèÏ~°æ=O „Ѩ}=∂=∞ºÇ¨Ï"£∞
â◊x : hÖÏO[#ã¨=∂ÉèÏã¨O ~°qѨل`«O Ü«∞=∂„QÆ["£∞
KèåÜ«∂=∂~°ÎO_»ã¨OÉèí∂`«O `«O #=∂q∞ â◊<≥·â◊Û~°"£∞
~åǨï=Ù: J~°÷HÍÜ«∞O =∞Ǩg~°ºO K«O„^•k`«ºq=∞~°Ì#"£∞
ã≤OÇ≤ÏHÍQÆ~°ƒùã¨OÉèí∂`«O `«O ~åǨïO „Ѩ}=∂=∞ºÇ¨Ï"£∞
ˆH`«∞=Ù : ѨÖÏâ◊ѨÙ+¨Ê ã¨OHÍâ◊O `å~°HÍ„QÆǨÏ=∞ã¨ÎHõ"£∞
~“„^ŒO ~“„^•`«‡HõO Ѷ¨∞’~°O `«O ˆH`«∞O „Ѩ}=∂=∞ºÇ¨Ï"£∞
L^• : XHõ =ºH˜Î *Ï`«HõOÖ’ Jyfl`«`«fiÎѨ٠„QÆǨÏ=ÚÖˇ·<å ~°q, ‰õΩA_»∞, ˆH`«∞=ÙÅ∞ g~°∞ Z=Ô~·<å Hõ#º~åtÖ’
LO>Ë (Hõ#º~åt HÍÅѨ~°∞+¨μ h JOQÆ=ÚÖÖ’ Hõ_»∞Ѩ٠ã¨O|OkèOz ™ê÷#O HÍ=Ù<å *Ï`«HõO K«∂_»QÍ<Õ Hõ_»∞ѨÙ
ã¨O|OkèOz# W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞ J#QÍ Ñ≤`«Î=Ú, "å`«=Ú) W^Õ Hõ#º~åtÖ’ â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ hK« á⁄O^Œ∞@ =Å# ~°q, ‰õΩ[,
Hˆ `«∞=Ù, â◊√„‰õΩ_çxH˜ â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ∞ HÍ=Ù@ =Å# â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ ‰õÄ_» KåÖÏ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ W|ƒOk Ѩ_ç â◊√„‰õΩx HÍ~°H`õ fi« =Ú#∞
Z‰õΩ¯=ÙQÍ ÉÏkèOK«Ñ¨_»∞#∞. HÍ=Ù<å *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ Hõ_»∞ѨÙ#∞ W|ƒOk ÃÑ@∞ì ~°q, ‰õΩ[, ˆH`«∞=ÙňH HÍHõ â◊„‰õΩ#‰õΩ
ѨiǨ~°=ÚÅ∞ KÕÜ«∞=Öˇ#∞. WHõ¯_» áê~î°‰õΩʼnõΩ XHõ¯ ã¨O^ÕǨÏO =ã¨∞ÎOk. â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ *Ï`«HõOÖ’ Hõ#º~åtÖ’
ÖË_»∞? ^•xH˜ ѨiǨ~°=ÚÅ∞ ZO^Œ∞‰õΩ KÕÜ«∂e? XHõ „QÆǨÏO XHõ ~åtÖ’H˜ =¿ãÎ JO^Œ∞Ö’ Hõ#|_»∞
9 „QÆǨÅ∞O\Ï~Ú. Jq U q^èŒ=ÚQÍ Ñ¶¨e`«O WK«∞Û#O>Ë P ~åt <å^äŒ∞#‰õΩ â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ∞, q∞„`«∞Å∞ U q^èŒ=ÚQÍ
Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞ W™êÎÜ≥∂ J^Õ Ñ¶¨e`«=Ú#∞ P ~åt WO\’¡H˜ =zÛ# „QÆǨÏ=Ú#‰õΩ J<Õ Ñ¶¨e`«=Ú#∞ W™êÎ~Ú. g\˜
QÆ∞iOz <å Ü≥ÚHõ¯ `«^Œ∞Ѩi ѨÙã¨ÎHõOÖ’ á⁄O^Œ∞Ѩ~°∞K«∞‰õΩ<åfl=Ú. JO^Œ∞Ö’ TǨÏ[x`«"≥∞ÿ# „QÆǨÏ=Ú =Å#
‰õÄ_® =K«∞Û Ñ¶¨e`«=ÚÅ∞ K«∂_»=K«∞Û#∞.
- 68 -
 =∞#‰õΩ *Ï`«Hõ qÉèÏQÆOÖ’ 9 „QÆǨÅ∞, 27 #HõΔ„`åÅ∞, 12 ~åâ◊√Å∞ g\˜ ^•fi~å<Õ =∞#‰õΩ `Õe¿ã
q+¨Ü«∂xfl, `≥eã≤# q+¨Ü«∂xfl =∞iÜ«Ú `≥eÜ«∞É’ÜÕ∞ q+¨Ü«∂xfl „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ HÍ~°Hõ`«fi=Ú ^•fi~å =∞#O
<Õ~°∞ÛH˘#fl =K«∞Û#∞. =∞#=Ú *’ºu+¨=Ú#∞ Ѩ‰õΔΩÅ ^•fi~å, [O`«∞=ÙÅ∞ ^•fi~å, "≥ÚHõ¯Å ^•fi~å, ^Œ∞ã¨∞ÎÅ ^•fi~å
â◊s~° JOQÆ=ÚÅ ^•fi~å, x`«º=ã¨~° ã¨~∞° ‰õΩÅ∞ ^•fi~å, ÉO^è∞Œ `«fiO ^•fi~å =∞iÜ«Ú J<ÕHõ Ѩ^`úŒ ∞« Å ^•fi~å =∞#=Ú
„QÆǨÏ=Ú Ü≥ÚHõ¯ HÍ~°Hõ`«fi=Ú#∞ „QÆÇ≤ÏOz =∞#‰õΩ =∞#"Õ∞ ѨiǨ~°=Ú#∞ ã¨$+≤ìOz `«`ü^•fi~å ã¨`üѶ¨e`«=Ú#∞
á⁄O^Œ=K«∞Û#∞.
~°q: Z^Œ∞Ì, lOHõ, ÉÏ`«∞, ã≤OǨÏ=Ú, P_»"Õ∞Hõ, ѨÙe, lÖË¡_»∞ K≥@∞ì, =∞O^•~°K≥@∞ì, aÅfiK≥@∞ì, ~°∞„^•HõΔK≥@∞ì,
QÆO^èŒÑ¨ÙK≥@∞ì, QÀ^èŒ∞=∞ѨO@, `«∂~°∞Ê k‰õΩ¯, *’ºu‰õ, side H˜\ ˜H©, `«O„_ç, H˘_»∞‰õΩ, ÔHOѨÙ, pepper, JÅ¡O,
Ü«∂ʼnõΩÅ∞, ѨÙ~°∞+¨μ_»∞ Jk`«ºÇ¨Ï$^ŒÜ«∞O, QÀ^èŒ=ÚÅ∞, ã¨∂~°º<å~åÜ«∞}∞_»∞, ‰õΩ_çHõ#∞fl, "≥·^Œ∞º_»∞,
HõΔ„uÜ«Ú_»∞,~å[H©Ü«∞<åÜ«∞‰õΩ_»∞, QÆ=~°fl"≥∞O\ò JkèHÍi, QÆ∞O_≥ "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ·#q,

K«O„^Œ: `«e¡, J`«Î, "Õ∞#`«Î, Ñ≤xfl, =O@"å~°∞, HõàÏHÍ~°∞Å∞, *’ºu+¨μÅ∞, Z_»=∞Hõ#∞fl, QÆ~°ƒùã¨Oz, Kåu, „áêˆH
[O`«∞=ÙÅ∞, #Hõ¯, =Ú#QÆHÍÜ«∞Å∞, B+¨^•Å∞, aÜ«∞ºÑ¨ÙѨO@, J~°\ ˜=$HõΔO, K≥~°∞‰õΩ, ™êfl<åÅQÆk, H©~°áê<åÅ∞,
Z_»=∞"≥·Ñ¨Ù H˜\ ˜H©, =O@™ê=∂#∞Å∞, ã¨|∞ƒÅ∞, "≥O_ç, ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞J#flO, „Ѩܫ∂}ÏÅ∞, Y~°∞ÛÅ∞, =Ú`«º=ÚÅ∞,
Åe`å „uѨÙ~° ã¨∞O^Œi, ÅH©Δ ‡^Õq =∞iÜ«Ú áê~°fiu.

‰õΩ[: áÈ~å@Ü≥∂^èŒ∞_»∞, `«=Ú‡_»∞, Éèí~°Î, Z=ÚHõ, Ѩà◊√§, Hõ#∞ÉÁ=∞‡Å∞, "≥#∞fl Z=ÚHõ, testicals, HÀ_ç,‰õΩHõ¯,
áê=Ú, H˘=Ú‡Å∞ L#fl [O`«∞=ÙÅ∞, HÀu,ǨÏO㨠~å|O^èŒ∞, x=∞‡K≥@∞ì, =Úà◊§K≥@∞ì, ã≤O^Œ∂~°O, =O@QÆk,
^Œ∞"≥fi#, ѨQÆ_»O, ‰õΩ=∂~°™êfiq∞, HõO^Œ∞Å∞, ~åy, JÅ¡O, Z„~°QÆ_»¤, q∞~°Ñ¨HÍÜ«∞, P@Å∞, technical
education,Ü«∞O„`«=ÚÅ∞.

|∞^è∞Œ _»∞: "≥â· √◊ º_»∞, "Õ∞#=∂=∞, PYi™È^Œi, ™È^Œ~∞° _»∞, |O^è∞Œ =ÙÅ∞, q∞„`«∞Å∞, <åºÜ«∞"åk, QÆ∞~°∞=Ù, *’ºu+¨μº_»∞,
#∞^Œ∞~°∞, Éèí∞[=ÚÅ∞, Ü≥∞^Œ, KÕ`«∞Å∞, <åÅ∞Hõ, Ñ≤Å¡, QÍ~°=Ú, „QÆ^ŒÌ, P‰õΩ‰õÄ~°Å∞,Tulsi ,L`«Î~°K≥@∞ì ѨK«Û~å~Ú,
q+¨μ‚=¸iÎ, =∞^茺=ºH˜Î, ÖˇHõ¯Å∞ K«∂K«∞"å_»∞.

QÆ∞~°∞=Ù:„ÉÏǨχ}∞_»∞, r=HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞, HõѶ¨=Ú, =Ú‰õΩ¯, áê^Œ=ÚÅ∞, `˘_»Å∞, uÜ«∞ºxѨ^•~å÷Å∞, JѨCWK«∞Û"å_»∞,

<åºÜ«∞"åk, ѨÓ*Ïi, ѨÓ[„QÆ$ǨÏ=Ú, P=Ù, U#∞QÆ∞, ǨÏOã¨, K≥~Úº, HÍ~åQÍ~°=Ú, H˘|ƒi ÉÁO_»=Ú, Hõ#Hõ
ѨÙ+¨º~åQÆO, QÆ∞~°∞„™È΄`«O, ^ŒHõΔ}Ï=¸iÎ =∞iÜ«Ú PÅÜ«∂Å∞.

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â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞: ¢ã‘Î HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞, ÉèÏ~°º, JHõ¯, ‰õÄ`«∞~°∞,HÀ_»Å∞, „ÉÏǨ‡}∞_»∞, HõѶ¨=Ú, =∞^茺=Ú, WÅ∞¡, "åǨÏ#O,
JO^ŒQÍ_»∞, |@ìÅ "åºáêi, ‰õΩ^Œ∞= JOQÆ_ç, K«ÔH¯~°"åºkè, â◊√Hõ"åºkè, g~°ºO, Hõ_»∞Ѩ٠=$uÎ, P=Ù, zÅHõ, <≥=∞e,
ÉÁ|ƒ~°∞,¡ =∂q∞_çK@ ≥ ∞ì, zO`«ÑO¨ _»∞, x=∞‡K≥@∞ì, Ѩ_H» Qõ kÆ , J^Œ=Ì Ú, ѨÙK«ÛHÍÜ«∞, Ѩã∞¨ ѨÙ, |OQÍ~°=Ú, ÅH©Δ ‡^Õq
=∞iÜ«Ú =„[O.

â◊x: ¿ã=‰õΩ_»∞, J#fl, HÍà◊√§, Ñ≤~∞° ^Œ∞Å∞, PÜ«∂ã¨O, QÆ_O¤» , "å`«=Ú, =∂@ã¨iQÍ ~å‰õΩO_» LO_»∞@, "å~°ã`¨ fi« ѨÙ
Pã≤Î, ¿ã=Hõ=$`«∞ÎÅ∞, #∞=ÙfiÅ∞, K≥`«Î|∞@ì,Dining table, WO„^ŒhÅO, HÍH˜, HÀ~ÚÅ, ZÅ∞QÆ∞|O\˜, |„Ô~, QÍ_ç^Œ,
ѨOk, HÍHõ~°HÍÜ«∞, á⁄Q͉õΩ, #∂<≥, W#∞=Ú, ~°∞„^•aè¿+HõO, ǨÏ#∞=∞O`«∞_»∞, Dâ◊fi~°∞_»∞.

~åǨï=Ù: `«‰õΩ¯= ‰õΩÅ=Ú"å_»∞, ã¨#flQÍ, á⁄_»=Ù Hõey# =ºH˜Î, ^˘OQÆ, K«qx `«@∞ìHÀÖËx"å_»∞, Ñ≤`å=∞Ǩï_»∞,
h~°∞, q^Õt, PHõ~°¬}©Ü«∞"≥∞ÿ# =$`«∞ÎÅ∞, K≥ѨC"å_»∞, QÆ∞_»¡QÆ∂|, áê=Ú, `À_ÕÅ∞, ã¨~°ÊQÆO^èŒ=$HõΔO, ||∞ƒÅ∞=$HõΔO,
QÀ"Õ∞kèHõO, <À~°∞, =Úã≤¡O, ^Œ∞~åææ^Õq, q∞#∞=ÚÅ∞

ˆH`«∞=Ù: `å`«Ü∞« º, "≥∂HõHΔ Í~°‰Ωõ _»∞, *’ºu+¨ºO, "≥^· ºŒ O, <åºÜ«∞"åk, Ñ‘`OΫ , ‰õΩ+≤"ì åºkè, "≥O„@∞HõÅ∞, K«~‡° ã¨O|O^è#Œ
~ÀQÍÅ∞, ѨÙ~°∞+¨μh JOQÆ=Ú, QÆ_»¤O, L_»∞`«, #Å∞ѨÙ~°OQÆ∞Å∞, `åà◊√§, "≥·^Œ∞ºO, q<åÜ«∞‰õΩ_»∞, ǨÏ#∞=∞O`«∞_»∞,
LÅ=Å∞.
ÃÑ· K≥ѨÊ|_ç# „QÆǨÏHÍ~åHõ`«fiO P^è•~°OQÍ =∞#‰õΩ =∞#OQÍ Ñ¨iëê¯~° =∂~°æ=Ú#∞ U~°Ê~°∞K«∞H˘x
`«`ü^•fi~å Ѷ¨e`«O á⁄O^Œ∞@‰õΩ q∞H˜¯e ^ÀǨÏ^Œ Ѩ_»∞#∞.
([#‡`«Ç¨Ï =zÛ# *Ï`«Hõ=Ú Ñ¨iëê¯~° =∂~°æO ^•fi~å =zÛ# W|ƒOkx H˘OK≥O `«‰õΩ¯= KÕÜ«Ú<ÕQÍx
ѨÓiÎQÍ`˘ÅyOK≥^Œ∞)
=∞#‰õΩ Éè$í QÆ∞ã¨OÜ«∞O`«Ö’ Jyfl`«`Îü fi~åâ◊√ÅÖ’ „QÆÇϨ =ÚÅ∞ âßOuOѨ KÕÜÚ« @‰õΩ Ü«∞[˝=ÚÅ∞, Ǩϟ=∞=ÚÅ∞,
"åÜ«Ú`«`«fi ~åâ◊√ÅÖ’ „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ âßOuOѨKÕÜ«Ú@‰õΩ „áê~°÷#Å∞, Éèí∂`«`«fi ~åâ◊√Ö’ „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞
âßOuOѨKÜ Õ Ú« @‰õΩ Ñ¨Ó*Å∞, [Å`«`fi« ~åâ◊√Ö’ „QÆÇϨ =ÚÅ∞ âßOuOѨKÜ Õ Ú« @‰õΩ Jaè¿+Hõ=ÚÅ∞ ã¨∂zOK«∞K«∞#flk.

ѨOK«=∞ǨѨÙ~°∞+¨Ü≥∂QÆ=ÚÅ∞:
1. S^Œ∞ Ü≥∂QÆ=ÚÅÖ’ XHõ¯\˜ =Ù#fl#∞ J^Œ$+¨ªâße
2. S^Œ∞ Ü≥∂QÆ=ÚÅÖ’ Ô~O_»∞ =Ù#fl#∞ ~å[ã¨=∂#∞_»∞
3. S^Œ∞ Ü≥∂QÆ=ÚÅÖ’ =¸_»∞ =Ù#fl#∞ ~åA
4. S^Œ∞ Ü≥∂QÆ=ÚÅÖ’ <åÅ∞QÆ∞ =Ù#fl#∞ K«„Hõ=iÎ
5. S^Œ∞ Ü≥∂QÆ=ÚÅÖ’ S^Œ∞ =Ù#fl#∞ K«„Hõ=iÎ q∞Oz#"å_»∞
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6. HÍx S^Œ∞ Ü≥∂QÆ=ÚÅ XHõ¯iH© =ÙO_»=Ù. J#QÍ |∞^èŒ, â◊√„Hõ LK«Ûã≤÷u XˆH ã¨=∞Ü«∞=Ú# [~°QÆ=Ù. WHõ
ã¨fiˆHΔ„`«=∞# LO_»∞@ [~°∞QÆ∞#∞. XHõ ~°q„QÆǨÏ=Ú`À HõÅ~ÚHõ Jã¨ÎOQÆ`«fi ^À+¨=Ú HõÅ∞QÆ∞#∞.
7. K«O„^Œ =∞OQÆà◊ Ü≥∂QÆ=Ú: K«O„^Œ ‰õΩA_»∞ HõÅã≤ =Ù#flKÀ K«O„^Œ =∞OQÆà◊Ü≥∂QÆ=Ú JO^Œ∞~°∞. D
Ü≥∂QÆ=Ú# [x‡Oz# "å~°∞ J<ÕHõ q^èŒ=ÚQÍ ^èŒ# ã¨Oáê^Œ# HõÅ"å~°∞ JQÆ∞#∞.
Éèí„^ŒÜ≥∂QÆ=Ú :
|∞^è∞Œ x LK«Ûãù u÷≤ QÍ D Ü≥∂QÆ=Ú U~°Ê_»∞#∞. *Ï`«‰Ωõ x "åHõÊ@∞`«fi=Ú, "Õ^Œ q*Ï˝#=ÚÅ∞, n~å…ÜÚ« +¨μº#∞
LO_»∞#∞. |∞^è∞Œ _»∞ LK«Ûù ã¨fiHˆ „Δ `«=ÚÖˇ#· Hõ#º q∞^è∞Œ #=ÚÅÖ’ Hˆ „^Œãu÷≤ á⁄Ok# D Ü≥∂QÆ=Ú U~°Ê_»∞#∞.
ǨÏOã¨Ü≥∂QÆ=Ú:
QÆ∞~°∞x LK«Ûã≤u÷ QÍ D Ü≥∂QÆ=Ú U~°Ê_»∞#∞. =∞^è∞Œ ~° HõO~î^° fiŒè x, ^è~Œ ‡° =∂~°Oæ Ö’ L^•~° ã¨fiÉèÏ==ÚÖ’ Ü≥∂QÆ∞Å`À,
*Ï˝#∞Å`À =∞Oz ã¨O|O^èŒ ÉÏO^èŒ=º=ÚÅ∞ LO_»∞#∞. ~å[H©Ü«∞=ÚQÍ ‰õÄ_® =∞Oz ¿Ñ~°∞ LO_»∞#∞. QÆ∞~°∞=Ù,
^èŒ#∞ã¨∞û, g∞#, Hõ~å¯@Hõ ~åâ◊√ÅÖ’ ˆHO„^Œ=ÚÖ’ =Ù#flKÀ D Ü≥∂QÆ=Ú U~°Ê_»∞#∞.
=∂Å=º Ü≥∂QÆ=Ú:
â◊√„‰õΩx LK«Ûùã≤÷uQÍ D Ü≥∂QÆ=Ú U~°Ê_»∞#∞. ã¨Ow`« ™êÇ≤Ï`«º=ÚÅ Ü«∞O^Œ∞ qѨs`«"≥∞ÿ# Jaè~°∞z
PHõ~°¬}©Ü«∞"≥∞ÿ# PHÍ~°=Ú ~°Hõ~°HÍÅ PÉèí~°}ÏÅ∞ ^èŒiOz Ü«ÚO^Œ∞~°∞. â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ =$+¨Éèí, `«∞Å, g∞#=ÚÅÖ’
ˆHO„^Œã≤÷u á⁄Ok# DÜ≥∂QÆ=Ú U~°Ê_»∞#∞. →

L^•Ç¨Ï~°} *Ï`«Hõ=ÚÅ∞:
ǨÏOã¨, â◊t, ~°∞K«Hõ, =∂Å=º Ü≥∂QÆ=ÚÅ∞ HõÅ"å~°∞ N~å=∞K«O„^Œ∞_»∞.
1. QÆ∞~°∞=Ù LK«Ûã≤÷u ǨÏOã¨Ü≥∂QÆ=Ú
2. â◊x LK«Ûã≤÷u â◊âßÜ≥∂QÆ=Ú
3. ‰õΩ[ LK«Ûã≤÷u ~°∞K«Hõ Ü≥∂QÆ=Ú
4. â◊√„Hõ LK«Ûã≤÷u =∂Å=ºÜ≥∂QÆ=Ú
5. QÆ∞~°∞ K«O„^Œ∞Å HõÅ~ÚHõ ÅQÆflOÖ’ QÆ[ˆHâ◊sÜ≥∂QÆ=Ú
6. ~°q |∞^èŒ∞Å HõÅ~ÚHõ ^Œâ◊=∞OÖ’ |∞^è•x`«ºÜ≥∂QÆ=Ú
*Ï`«HõO ѨijeOK«∞ q^è•#O ~°q
ˆH`«∞ QÆ∞~°∞
ѨÙ\˜#ì `Õk 14–7–1978
|∞^èŒ
ѨÙ\˜ì#ã¨=∞Ü«∞O 8.30 pm ~åt
â◊√„Hõ, ‰õΩ[
„Ѩ^Õâ◊O Nlr ÅQÆflO â◊x
K«O„^Œ ~åǨï
- 71 -
 D L^•Ç¨Ï~°} *Ï`«HõOÖ’ áê~î°‰õΩʼnõΩ J~°÷"≥∞ÿ# q^èŒOQÍ q=iOK«|_ç#k (Ѩ~åâ◊~°=∞`«O,
Éèí$QÆ∞=∞`«Ñ¨^ŒúuÖ’ *Ï`«HõѨijÅ#).
1. Ѩ~åâ◊~=° ∞`«O: D *Ï`«H=õ ÚÖ’ ÅQÆfl=Ú#‰õΩ JkèÑu¨ J~Ú# â◊x J+¨=ì ÚÖ’ LO_»∞@ =Å# ѨOK«=Ú#‰õΩ
^Œâ◊=Ú#‰õΩ JkèѨu J~Ú# â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞`À =∞iÜ«Ú K«`«∞~°÷=Ú#‰õΩ ÖÏÉèíHÍ~°‰õΩ#‰õΩ JkèѨu J~Ú# ‰õΩAx`À
HõÅ~ÚHõ ÃÑ· ÅHõΔ}=ÚÅ =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ~åÅ∞ J^Œ$+¨ìO á⁄Ok##∞ (ˆHO„^Œ, HÀâßkѨuÜ≥∂QÆO) J+¨ì=∞O HÍ=Ù#
*Ï`«‰õΩ~åÅ∞ ZѨC_»∞#∞ ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ Hõey `«^•fi~å |∞^èŒ∞ ã¨O|Okè# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ HõÅ∞QÆ∞#∞.
1. Éèí$QÆ∞<å_ç: P_»"åiH˜ r=HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞, =$uÎHÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# â◊x, Ѩ~å„Hõ=∞O, Éèí~°Î
HÍ~°‰Ωõ _»∞ J~Ú# ‰õΩAx `À LO_»∞@ =∞iÜ«Ú ~°qHˆ O„^ŒOÖ’ LO_»∞@ =Å# *Ï`«‰Ωõ ~åÅ∞ L+¨O‚ #‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz,
|∞^èŒ∞xH˜ ã¨OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞, ã≤OǨÏOÖ’ LO_»∞@ =Å# ~å[iHõ ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞ =∞#O QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û.
2. Ѩ~åâ◊~°=∞`«O: ^èŒ#™ê÷#kѨk J~Ú# â◊x =∞Hõ~° ÅQÆflO‰õΩ J+¨ª=∞OÖ’ LO_»∞@, ÖÏÉèÏkèѨu =∞iÜ«Ú
L^ÀºQÆ ™ê÷#O K≥Ok# „QÆǨÏO`À HõeÜ«Ú@ =Å# L^ÀºQÆO ^•fi~å ^èŒ# ã¨Oáê^Œ# Hõey LO_»∞#∞.
2. Éèí$QÆ∞<å_ç: r=HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ L^ÀºQÆHÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞, J~Ú# â◊x, P^•Ü«∞O‰õΩ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞
J~Ú# ‰õΩAx`À HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ~åÅ∞ ^èŒ#O#∞ L^ÀºQÆO ^•fi~å, Éèí~°Î ^•fi~å =K«∞Û#x `≥eÜ«∞K«∞#flk.
3. Ѩ~åâ◊~°=∞`«O: Ѩ~å„Hõ=∞ ™ê÷<åkѨk =∞iÜ«Ú Hõx+¨μìʼnõΩ JkèѨu J~Ú# QÆ∞~°∞=Ù ÅQÆflO‰õΩ 6=
™ê÷#OÖ’ LO_»∞@, 8= WO\˜ JkèÑu¨ Ö’ HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å# (LѨKÜ« ∞« =ÚÅ∞ J~Ú# 3,6,10,11Ö’ áêѨ „QÆÇϨ =ÚÅ∞)
r=HÍ~°‰õΩÅ∞ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ Ѩ~å„Hõ=∞=Ú, q^è•#=ÚÅÖ’ Q˘Ñ¨Ê<Õ~°∞ÊLO_»∞#∞.
3. Éèí$QÆ∞<å_ç: HõΔ„uÜ«∞HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# ~°q q∞^èŒ∞#OÖ’ LO_»∞@, „ÉÏǨχ}∞x ǨÏiOKÕ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù`À
HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å# ^•xx ~å[, „ѨÜ≥∂QÆÜ≥∂QÆOQÍ =∞#O ¿Ñ~˘¯#=K«∞Û. ^•x=Å# ~åAÜ≥ÚHõ¯ ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞ D
*Ï`«‰õΩ~åeÖ’ ѨxKÕã≤ K«Hõ¯QÍ [#∞Å#∞ PHõ@∞ìH˘#∞#∞.
4. Ѩ~åâ◊~°=∞`«O : K«`«∞~°÷™ê÷#O‰õΩ JkèѨu =∞iÜ«Ú K«^Œ∞=Ù#‰õΩ JkèѨu J~Ú# ‰õΩA_»∞, `«#™ê÷#O‰õΩ
ѨOK«=∞O J#QÍ 8Ö’ Ѩ_»∞@ =Å#, 8 „uHõ=Ú J~Ú#O^Œ∞=Å# q^•ºi÷ r=#OÖ’ *Ï`«‰õΩ~åÅ∞ Z‰õΩ¯=
XuÎ_»∞ʼnõΩ Ö’#∞HÍ=Ù@, Jk ~°q K≥Ok# ™ê÷#O HÍ=Ù@ =Å# z=~°Ö’ q[Ü«∞O ™êkèOK«∞@ K«∂_»=K«∞Û.
4. Éèí$QÆ∞<å_ç : K«^Œ∞=Ù‰õΩ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# |∞^èŒ∞_»∞, Hõ~å¯@HõOÖ’ XO@iQÍ LO_ç, `«#‰õΩ q∞„`«∞Å∞
J~Ú# â◊x, â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ Ô~O_»= WO\˜Ö’ LO_»∞@ =Å# q^Œº ^•fi~å QÆ∞iÎOѨ٠=∞iÜ«Ú Ô~O_»=ˆHΔ„`«OÖ’ |∞^èŒ∞xH˜
â◊√„‰õΩ=Ù J~Ú# ‰õΩA_»∞ LO_»∞@ =Å# q^•ºÉèϺã¨OÖ’ J=~À^è•Å∞, ^•x JkèѨu Jx, QÆ∞~°∞x`À HõÅ~ÚHõ
=Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ~åÅ∞ Jxfl J=~À^è•Å∞ JkèHõq∞OK«∞#∞.

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5. Ѩ~åâ◊~=° ∞`«O: ã¨O`å#=Ú#‰õΩ JkèÑu¨ J~Ú# â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ ÅQÆflO #∞O_ç J+¨Oì Ö’, `«# ™ê÷#O‰õΩ K«`∞« ~°O÷ Ö’
LO_»∞@ =Å# ã¨O`å#O =Å# ã¨∞Yã¨O`ÀëêÅ∞ =∞iÜ«Ú ã¨O`å#O =zÛ# `«~åfi`« , WÅ∞¡, ã¨÷ÖO, ~åǨï=Ù
ÅQÆflO #∞Oz J+¨ì=∞ ™ê÷#O Hõ#∞Hõ Ñ≤Å¡Å#∞ ÃÑOK«∞@Ö’ H˘O`« W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞ U~°Ê_»∞#∞. 8= ™ê÷#O ~°q L#fl
„Ѩ^Õâ◊O HÍ=Ù# P z‰õΩ¯Å#∞ `«# P`«‡Ãã·÷~°ºO`À Ѩi+¨¯iOK«∞H˘#∞#∞.
5. Éèí$QÆ∞<å_ç : ѨÙ~°∞+¨ ã¨O`å# HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# ~°q, QÆ∞~°∞=Ù`À#∞, ¢ã‘Î ã¨O`å# HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú#
â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ WO\˜Ö’ LO_»∞@ =∞iÜ«Ú ‰õΩAx`À W^Õ ˆHΔ„`«OÖ’ LO_»∞@=Å# ѨلuHõ "≥ÚO_çQÍ#∞, kfiuÜ«∂~°÷OÖ’
J#QÍ `«~åfi`« ˆHΔ„`«O Hõ#º Hõ#∞Hõ "≥ÚO_ç`«#O áÈ=Ù#∞Ü«∞ ~°qˆHΔ„`«OÖ’ â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ LO_ç#O^Œ∞=Å¡ *Ï`«‰õΩ~åe
‰õÄ`«∞~°∞, JÅ∞¡_»∞ KåÖÏ LK«Ûùã≤÷uÖ’#∞, ѨÙ~°∞+¨ ã¨O`å# HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# ~°q, QÆ∞~°∞=Ùx `À HõÅ~ÚHõ K«O„^Œ∞x
K«∂Ѩ٠LO_»∞@ =Å# Ѩل`«∞#‰õΩ QÆ[ˆHã¨iÜ≥∂QÆO U~°Ê_»∞#∞.
6. Ѩ~åâ◊~=° ∞`«O: *Ï`«HOõ Ö’ |∞∞},~ÀQÆ, â◊„`«∞ ™ê÷#=ÚʼnõΩ JkèÑu¨ J~Ú# |∞^è∞Œ _»∞ ã¨Ñ=Î̈ ∞OÖ’ LO_»∞@
=Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ~åÅ∞‰õΩ Éèí~°Î ã¨OÉèíOkèOz H˘O`« q"å^Œ=ÚÅ∞ U~°Ê_»∞#∞. HÍx `«# ™ê÷<åkѨk J~Ú# K«O„^Œ∞_»∞
~å[º™ê÷#OÖ’ LO_»∞@ =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ~åÅ∞ ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ `˘ÅyOK«∞H˘# HõÅ^Œ∞.
6. Éèí$QÆ∞<å_ç : D *Ï`«HõOÖ’ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù#∞Oz 5= WO\˜Ö’ K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ LO_»∞@=Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ~åÅ∞ QÆ[,
ˆHã¨i Ü≥∂QÆO Ѩ~°∞x â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ#∞ YO_çOK«∞#∞.
7. Ѩ~åâ◊~°=∞`«O: *Ï`«HõOÖ’ 7= WO\˜ JkèѨu Ѩ^Œ=™ê÷#OÖ’ LO_»∞@=Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ~åʼnõΩ L^ÀºQÆO
KÕ~Ú Éèí~°Î =K«∞Û#∞. `«`ü™ê÷#=Ú#‰õΩ JkèѨu J~Ú# â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞, `«`ü™ê÷#=Ú#‰õΩ ÖÏÉèíOÖ’ LO_»∞@ =Å# Éèí~°Î
^•fi~å Z‰õΩ¯= ÖÏÉèí=Ú á⁄O^Œ∞#∞.
7. Éèí$QÆ∞<å_ç : =$uÎ, HÍ~°‰õΩx HõÅ~ÚHõ, ^èŒ#HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# â◊√„‰õΩx`À HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ~åÅ∞
L^ÀºQÆO KÕÜ«ÚÉèí~°Î, ^•x ^•fi~å Éèí~°ÎÜ≥ÚHõ¯ P^•Ü«∞O J#∞ÉèíqOK«∞#∞.
8. Ѩ~åâ◊~°=∞`«O: =∂OQÆźO, PÜ«Ú+¨μº, ¿ã<åkèѨu J~Ú# ~°q, =ºÜ«∞HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# QÆ∞~°∞=Ù`À
HõÅã≤, ÅQÆfl=Ú#‰õΩ 6= ™ê÷#OÖ’ LO_»∞@ =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ~åÅ∞ =∂OQÆźÜ≥∂QÆO HõÅ^Œk Jx =∞iÜ«Ú =∞^茺=∞
PÜ«Ú=Ù (65) HõÅk Jx =∞iÜ«Ú H˘O`« n~°…HÍÅ "åº^èŒ∞Å∞ *Ï`«‰õΩ~åÅx W|ƒOkH˜ QÆ∞iKÕÜ«Ú#∞.
8. Éèí$QÆ∞<å_ç : r= HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ ã≤OǨÏ~åtÖ’ LO_»∞@, Jk `«#‰õΩ â◊„`«∞ˆHΔ„`«O JQÆ∞@
JO^Œ∞Ö’ `«#∞‰õΩ â◊„`«∞=Ù J~Ú# ‰õΩAxÖ’ LO_»∞@, K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ 3= WO\˜Ö’ LO_»∞@ =Å#, ‰õΩA_»∞, ~°qH˜
q∞„`«ˆHΔ„`«O JQÆ∞@ *Ï`«‰õΩ~åÅ∞ =∂OQÆà◊ºO QÆ\ ˜ìk Jx =∞iÜ«Ú, *Ï`«‰õΩ~åÅ∞ =∞^茺=∞ JÜ«Ú+¨μº Jx (55)
~°q™ê÷#O Hõ#∞Hõ J^Œ$+¨ì=O`«∞~åÅ∞ Jx K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û.
9. Ѩ~åâ◊~°=∞`«O : ÅQÆflO‰õΩ 9= WO\˜"å_»∞ J~Ú# |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ ã¨ÑÎ̈=∞OÖ’ LO_»∞@ =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ `«O„_ç,
=∞iÜ«Ú ÃÇ·Ï Z_»∞ºˆH+¨<£, q^ÕjÜ«∂#O Jxfl *Ï`«‰õΩ~åÅ∞ á⁄O^Œ∞#∞.
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9. Éèí∞$QÆ∞<å_ç: *Ï`«‰õΩ~åÅ∞ *Ï`«HõOÖ’ |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ K«^Œ∞=Ùx ã¨∂zOK«∞ „QÆǨÏO HÍ=Ù# |∞^èŒ∞x #∞Oz 9=
™ê÷#O‰õΩ JkèѨu J~Ú# QÆ∞~°∞=Ù, |∞^èŒ∞#‰õΩ =ºÜ«∞™ê÷#O LO_»∞@ =Å# |∞^èŒ∞_»∞, Ѩa¡H± ã¨O|OkèOz
Hõ~å¯@HõOÖ’ LO_»∞@=Å#, QÆ∞~°∞=ÙÖ’ `«O„_çHÍ~°‰Ωõ _»∞ J~Ú# ~°q HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å# *Ï`«‰Ωõ ~åʼnõΩ ÃÇÏ· Z_»∞ºˆH+¨<£
q^Õj Ü«∂#O, ~°qH˜ QÆ∞~°∞ HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ~åe `«O„_çH˜ *Ï`«‰õΩ~åÅ∞ =Å# KåÖÏÉÏQÍ Hõeã≤ =zÛOk
Jx K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û.
10. Ѩ~åâ◊~°=∞`«O: *Ï`«‰õΩ~åÅ∞ 10= WO\˜ JkèѨu J~Ú# â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ ÅQÆflO‰õΩ J+¨ì=∞OÖ’ LO_»∞@,
`«`ü™ê÷#O‰õΩ ÖÏÉèíO`À LO_»∞@=Å# L^ÀºQÆ ™ê÷#=Ú#‰õΩ JkèѨu J~Ú# â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞. ÖÏÉèíO =∞iÜ«Ú 4= WÅ∞¡
ã¨∂zOK«∞ ‰õΩAx`À 2 =∞iÜ«Ú 3 WÅ∞¡ ã¨∂zOKÕ â◊x`À HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å# 8‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# 11= WÅ∞¡
J„QÆ™ê÷#O J#QÍ L^ÀºQÆOÖ’ ÃÑ`«Î#O KÕÜ«Ú JkèHÍ~°O, >ˇH˜flHõÖò Z_»ºˆH+¨<£Ö’ LO_»∞#x K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û.
10. Éèí$QÆ∞<å_ç : *Ï`«‰õΩ~åÅ∞ ã¨Ç¨Ï[ L^ÀºQÆHÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# â◊x`À, *Ï`«‰õΩ~åÅ∞ J~Ú# â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ HõÅ~ÚHõ,
>ˇH˜flHõÖò HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ ‰õΩAx HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ~åÅ∞ =∞iÜ«Ú Éèí~°Î, L^ÀºQÆ=Ú HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ â◊x #∞Oz
=∞iÜ«Ú ‰õΩAx #∞Oz Ô~O_»= WO\˜Ö’ ~åǨï=Ù LO_»∞@=Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ~åÅ∞ ~åǨï=Ù ã¨O|OkèOz# =$`«∞ÎÅ∞
KÕѨ@ì_»O [~°∞QÆ∞#∞. ~°q™ê÷#O Hõ#∞Hõ L^ÀºQÆ ~°OQÆ ã¨Oã¨÷Å∞ J#∞‰õÄÅOQÍ LO_»∞#∞.
11. Ѩ~åâ◊~=° ∞`«O: ÖÏÉè™í ê÷#O‰õΩ JkèÑu¨ J~Ú# ‰õΩA_»∞, ÅQÆflO‰õΩ J+¨=ì ∞OÖ’ LO_»∞@ =Å# *Ï`«‰Ωõ ~åʼnõΩ
friends, relations, ....... Ö’#∞ J#∞‰õÄÅ`« LO_»^∞Œ .

11. Éèí∞$QÆ∞<å_ç: *Ï`«HõOÖ’ Education, friends, relations, patnerships ‰õΩ JkèѨu J~Ú# |∞^èŒ∞_»∞
`«#‰õΩ â◊„`«∞=Ù J~Ú# K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ =∞iÜ«Ú hÖÏѨxO^ŒÅ∞ á⁄Ok# =ºH˜Î Ü≥ÚHõ¯ ˆHΔ„`«OÖ’ LO_»∞@=Å#
*Ï`«‰õΩ~åeH˜ ÃÑ·ã¨O|OkèOz# =$uÎÅÖ’ ã¨`üѶ¨e`åÅ∞ LO_»=Ù.
12. Ѩ~åâ◊~°=∞`«O: =ºÜ«∞O‰õΩ JkèѨu J~Ú# QÆ∞~°∞=Ù ÅQÆflO‰õΩ 6 WO\˜Ö’ LO_»∞@=Å# â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ
=¸ÅHõOQÍ JkèHõ Y~°∞ÛÅ∞, x„^ŒÖËq∞ K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û.
12. Éèí∞$QÆ∞<å_ç: Y~°∞ÛʼnõΩ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ WO\˜Ö’ LO_»∞@, â◊√„‰õΩxH˜ =ºÜ«∞O
K«O„^Œ∞x WÅ∞¡ JQÆ∞@ =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ~åeH˜ JkèHõ Y~°∞Û, x„^ŒÖËq∞ LO_»∞#∞.
D q^èŒOQÍ „ѨuÜ≥ÚHõ¯ q+¨Ü«∞O#∞ *Ï`«HõOÖ’ J<ÕHõ q^èŒ=ÚÅ∞QÍ K«iÛOz Ѷ¨e`«O ~å|@∞ìH˘#=K«∞Û.
Ѩ^Œú`«∞Å∞ "Õ~°∞ J~Ú# Ѷ¨e`«=Ú XHõ¯>Ë HÍx Éèí∞$QÆ∞<å_çÖ’ ÅQÆflO, ~åt, ^Œâ◊, ã¨=∞Ü«∞O J=ã¨~°O ÖˉõΩO_®
Ѷ¨e`«O Hõ#∞Q˘#=K«∞Û. HÍx Ѩ~åâ◊~° Ѩ^ŒúuÖ’ ã¨=∞Ü«∞O YzÛ`«OQÍ LO_®e. Ѷ¨e`« x~å÷~°}Ö’ QÀKå~°OÖ’
Ѩi„Éèíq∞OK«∞ 9 „QÆǨÅ∞, ~åt â◊x 9 „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅÖ’ ѨijeOz Ѷ¨e`« x~å÷~°} KÕÜ«∞=Öˇ#∞. WHõ¯_» „Ѩu
„QÆǨÏ=Ú#‰õΩ 1,5,9,7 Éèí$QÆ∞=ÙÖ’ LO_»∞#∞. ~åǨï, ˆH`«∞=ÙʼnõΩ 7= ^Œ$+≤ì =∂„`«O LO_»^Œ∞. ÃÑ· *Ï`«Hõ K«„HõOÖ’
|∞^èŒ∞x ^•fi~å, *Ï`«‰õΩ~åe "Õ∞#=∂=∞, Hõx+¨μª_»∞ J~Ú# ™È^Œ~°∞x *Ï`«HõO K«∂_»=^Œ∞Ì. D *Ï`«HõOÖ’
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|∞^èŒ∞_»∞, QÆ∞~°∞=Ù LK«Ûùá⁄O^Œ∞ Hõ~å¯@Hõ ~åtÖ’ LO_»∞@ =Å#, |∞^èŒ∞xH˜ Ô~O_»= WO\˜Ö’ ‰õΩA_»∞, â◊x,
â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ LO_»∞=Å#, |∞^èŒ∞xx, ˆH`«∞=Ù `«# 5= ^Œ$+≤ìK«∂_»∞@ =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ~åe ™È^Œ~°∞_»∞ <åºÜ«∞"åkQÍ#∞,
*’ºu+¨μºxQÍ Ñ¨xKÕÜ«Ú@, ‰õΩA_»∞,â◊x`À HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å# =$uÎ W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞ L^ÀºQÆO =ke"ÕÜ«∞_»O [~°∞QÆ∞#∞.
`«O„_çx ã¨∂zOK«∞#k, QÆ∞~°∞=Ù`À HõÅ~ÚHõ, ~°qH˜ Ô~O_»=~åt Hõ~å¯@HõOÖ’ |∞^èŒ∞_»∞, HÍÔ~ÊO@~°
HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ ˆH`«∞=٠ѨOK«=∞ ^Œ$+≤ìÖ’ Ô~O_»= WÅ∞¡ K«∂_»@O =Å# `«O„_ç <åºÜ«∞"åkQÍ#∞, |∞^èŒ∞x =Å#
Hõ¡~ü¯QÍ#∞ LO_»@O [~°∞QÆ∞#∞.
Éèí~°ÎHÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# ‰õΩAxH˜ Ô~O_»= WO\˜H˜ ~åǨï=Ù LO_»∞@ =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ~åe Éèí~°Î ~åǨï=Ù ‰õΩ
ã¨O|OkèOz# =~°∞¯ KÕÜ«Ú#∞. =∂=∞QÍi HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ Ô~O_»= WO\˜Ö’ ‰õΩA_»∞, =∞iÜ«Ú Jk
ã≤OǨÏ~åt J=Ù@ =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩx =∂=∞QÍ~°∞ Ü«∞O„`«=ÚʼnõΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# =$uÎ, QÆ=~°fl"≥∞O\ò qÉèÏQÆOÖ’
KÕÜ«Ú#∞. `«e¡x ã¨∂zOK«∞ K«O„^Œ∞xH˜ Ô~O_»= WO\˜Ö’ |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ 5= K«∂ѨÙ,ˆH`«∞=Ù Ü≥ÚHõ¯ 7= K«∂ѨÙ
=Å# *Ï`«‰õΩx `«e¡ \©K«~üQÍ#∞, J`«ÎQÍ~°∞ =∞Oz á⁄l+¨<£Ö’ L#fl L^ÀºQÆ=ÚÅ∞ KÕÜ«Ú#∞. K«O„^Œ∞_»∞
J`«ÎQÍ~°∞, `«e¡x ã¨∂zOK«∞ „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ HÍ=Ù# ^≥·=ÉèíH˜Î W^ŒÌiH˜ Z‰õΩ¯= Jx K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û. ‰õΩA_»∞ ã≤OǨÏ~åt
LO_»∞@=Å¡ *Ï`«‰õΩ~åÅ∞ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ ÉèíiÎ ~åÜ«∞Öòá¶êºq∞e #∞Oz =™êÎ_»∞ Jx K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û.
â◊√„‰õΩxH˜ "≥#∞Hõ „QÆǨÏO |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ L#flO^Œ∞#, *Ï`«‰õΩ~åeH˜ ™È^Œ~°∞_»∞ L<åfl_»x, â◊√„‰õΩxH˜ Ô~O_»=
WO\˜Ö’ ~åǨï=Ù HÍ=Ù# *Ï`«‰õΩ~åÅ∞ ѨÙ\˜ì# „Ѩ^Õâ◊OÖ’ á⁄QÆ, =ºã¨#O LO_»∞@, ѨÓ[, QÆ∞_çx =∞#O
QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û. P_»"åiH˜ ÃÑO_ç¡ `«~°∞"å`« ~°qx Ѩل`«∞xQÍ =e¡™êÎ=Ú. D Ѩل`«∞_»∞ K«^Œ∞=Ù‰õΩ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú
|∞^èŒ∞x WO\˜Ö’ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù`À HõÅ~ÚHõ, K«O„^Œ∞x #∞Oz 9= ^Œ$+¨ì K«∂_»∞@=Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ~åe Ѩل`«∞_»∞ K«^Œ∞=ÙÖ’
XHõ X~°=_ç ã¨$+≤Oì K«∞@, Éè∞í ^è{Œ Hˆ `«∞ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ K«∂ѨÙÅ∞ ~°qH˜ ~Ô O_»∞ WO\˜H˜ LO_»∞@ =Å# Ѩل`«∞_»∞ <åºÜ«∞"åkQÍ#∞,
â◊√„‰õΩxH˜ Ô~O_»= WO\˜Ö’ ~åǨï=Ù LO_»∞@ =Å# ѨلuHõ ~åǨï=Ù ã¨O|OkèOz# =$`«∞ÎÅ∞ KÕѨ@∞ì#∞. D
q^èŒOQÍ *Ï`«Hõ=Ú#∞ =∞#O =sæHõiOK«=K«∞Û.

ѨOK« ѨÙ~°∞+¨ =∞ǨÜ≥∂QÍÅ∞

â◊√„Hõ ~°q ˆH`«∞

|∞^èŒ
ÅQÆflO
K«O„^Œ
N~å=∞ K«O„^Œ∞_ç QÆ∞~°∞
‰õΩ[ *Ï`«HõK«„HõO

~åǨï â◊x

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1. ÉèíÜ«∞O : ÉèíÜ«∞O J<Õk =∂#=ÙxH˜ [#‡`«Ç¨Ï J`«x â◊s~°OÖ’ L#fl ÉèÏQÆO. D ÉèíÜ«∞O HÍ~°}OQÍ<Õ
=∂#=Ù_»∞ ^Õ=Ùxx #=Ú‡`å_»∞. *’ºu+¨ºO ^•fi~å =∞#O P ÉèÜ í ∂« xfl Hõ#∞Q˘#=K«∞Û. *Ï`«HÍxfl ѨijeOK≥@ѨC_»∞
K«O„^Œ∞x ^•fi~å P *Ï`«‰õΩx =∞#ã¨∞û, ~°q ^•fi~å P`«‡Ãã÷Â~°º=Ú, ‰õΩA_»∞ ^•fi~å â◊s~° ™œ+¨ì=O =∞iÜ«Ú ^è≥·~°º
™êǨϙêÅ∞ |∞^èŒ∞x ^•fi~å *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ U~°Ê_»∞ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞O =∞#O =ÚYºOQÍ K«∂_»=K«∞Û. *Ï`«Hõ K«„HõOÖ’ ÃÑ·
<åÅ∞QÆ∞ „QÆǨÏÅÖ’ Ô~O_»∞ Hõ<åfl Z‰õΩ¯= „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ ^≥|ƒu#fl *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ ÉèíÜ«∞O J<Õ ÉèíÜ«∞O`À „Ѩu ã¨=∞㨺#∞
Jq∞`« Hõ+¨ìO`À áÈ~å_»∞`«∞O_»∞#∞.

2. P`«‡Ç¨Ï`«º : *Ï`«Hõ K«„HõOÖ’ K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ =∞#ã¨∞ûx ã¨∂zOK«_»O. K«O„^Œ∞xH˜ 12,1,2,5,7,9 Wà◊§Ö’

K«O„^Œ∞_»∞‰õΩ â◊„`«∞=ÙÖˇ·# ~åǨï=Ù, â◊x, |∞^èŒ∞_»∞, ˆH`«∞=Ù "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞ „QÆǨÅ∞ =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩx =∞#ã¨∞ z`«Î
KåOK«ÅºO =Å#, ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ Z^Œ∞~°∞ Ѩ_ç#ѨÙ_»∞ áÈ~å_»ÖË=Ú J<Õ ÉèÏ=# =∞iÜ«Ú ~åǨï =Å# =∂Ü«∞, â◊x
=Å# ѨxÖ’ hÖÏѨxO^ŒÅ∞, |∞^èŒ∞x =Å# ã¨=∂[OÖ’ *Ï`«‰õΩxÃÑ·# =ºuˆ~Hõ ÉèÏ=O, ˆH`«∞=Ù =Å# "≥·~åQƺO.
ÃÑ· ÅHõΔ}=ÚÅ =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ P`«‡Ç¨Ï`«º KÕã¨∞H˘#=Öˇ#∞ J<Õ ÉèÏ=#Ö’ LO\Ï_»∞. Ѷ¨e`« x~å÷~°}Ö’ QÀKå~°O
KåÖÏ =ÚYº áê„`« =Ç≤Ïã¨∞ÎOk.

3. ‰õΔΩ„^ŒO : ^≥·==Ú L#flKÀ@ ‰õΔΩ„^ŒO ‰õÄ_® LO@∞Ok. nx<Õ H˘O`« =∞Ok Ñ≤âßzÜ≥∂QÆO JO\Ï~°∞.
*Ï`«Hõ=ÚÖ’ ~åǨï=Ù =∂Ü«∞#∞, â◊x h_»#∞, K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ K«Å<åxfl ã¨∂z™êÎ_»∞. r=HÍ~°‰õΩ_≥·# QÆ∞~°∞=Ù #∞O_ç
~åǨï=Ù 1,5,9 Wà◊§Ö’ LO>Ë K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ `«# â◊„`«∞=Ù ˆHΔ„`«OÖ’ L#flѨC_»∞ QÀKå~°OÖ’x ‰õΩ[, ~åǨï=Ù,
â◊xÅ∞ ÃÑ· „QÆǨÅ#∞ 1,5,9 ^Œ$+≤ì`À K«∂ã≤#ѨC_»∞ ^•x Ñ≤âßz Ü≥∂QÆO JO\Ï~°∞.

4. =∞$`«∞ºÉèíÜ«∞O : ѨÙ~°∞+¨μx *Ï`«HOõ Ö’ r=HÍ~°‰Ωõ _≥#· QÆ∞~°∞=ÙH˜, ¢ãΑ *Ï`«HOõ Ö’ r=HÍ~°‰Ωõ _≥<· å â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞H˜
~åǨï=Ù, ˆH`«∞=ÙÅ∞ |OkèOK«_»O, Hõ~°‡HÍ~°‰õΩ_≥·<å â◊x r=HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ #∞Oz 2,6,12 Wà◊§Ö’ LO>Ë ^•xx
=∞$`«∞ºÉèíÜ«∞O L#flk Jx =∞iÜ«Ú =∞$`«∞º=Ù#∞ K≥¿ÑÊ@ѨC_»∞ P *Ï`«‰õΩx ‰õΩ=∂~°∞_çH˜ Hõ~°‡KÕ¿ã Ü≥∂QÆO
L#fl^• J#∞ JOâ◊O ѨijeOz Ѷ¨e`«O K≥áêÊeQÍh `«fi~°Ñ¨_ç *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ U q+¨Ü«∞=Ú `≥eÜ«∞Ѩ~°K«~å^Œ∞.

5. *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ ã¨∞Y"≥∞ÿ# Kå=Ù =∞~°}˜OK«∞<å, HÍ^•! : *Ï`«‰õΩxÖ’ 12 = ™ê÷#OÖ’ J#QÍ g∞#O

=ºÜ«∞™ê÷#O. D =ºÜ«∞™ê÷#O *Ï`«‰õΩx â◊Ü«∞<å ™œMϺxfl U q^èŒOQÍ =∞x+≤ `«=∞ JOu=∞HÍÅOÖ’
=∞~°}O˜ K«∞`å_»x `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ=K«∞Û. ѨÙ~°∞+¨μx *Ï`«HOõ Ö’ r=HÍ~°‰Ωõ _≥#· QÆ∞~°∞=Ù #∞Oz, ¢ãΑ *Ï`«HOõ Ö’ r=HÍ~°‰Ωõ _≥#·
â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ #∞Oz 12 WO\’¡ áêѨ„QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ QÆ#∞Hõ LO>Ë *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ J<åÜ«∂ã¨"≥∞ÿ# Kå=Ù#∞ á⁄O^Œ∞`å_»∞.
(W|ƒO^Œ∞Å`À ‰õÄ_ç# Kå=Ù Jx J~°÷O)

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 K«O„^Œ∞_»∞
QÆ∞~°∞=Ù

‰õΩ[

ÃÑ·# `≥Å∞Ѩ|_ç# *Ï`«HõOÖ’ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù L`«Î~°OÖ’ L<åfl_»∞. ‰õΩA_»∞ ѨtÛ=∞OÖ’ L<åfl_»∞. WHõ¯_»
QÆ∞~°∞=Ù #∞Oz 12 =™ê÷#OÖ’ áêѨ „QÆÇϨ =Ú J~Ú<å ‰õΩA_»∞ L<åfl_»∞. JO^Œ∞=Å# D *Ï`«‰Ωõ _»∞ J<åÜ«∂ã¨"∞≥ #ÿ
Kå=Ù Jx J~°÷O. HÍh J^Õ Ñ¨tÛ=∞OÖ’ K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ L<åfl_»∞. JO^Œ∞=Å# *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ `«# JOu=∞HÍÅOÖ’
H˘kÌáê\˜ ã¨=∞Ü«∞=Ú#∞ =∂„`«"Õ∞ Hõ+¨ì`«~°=ÚQÍ J#∞ÉèíqOz K«xáÈ=Åã≤ =K«∞Û#∞.

6. P~ÀQƺ=Ú– Éè’[#O : ~°q P`«‡Ãã÷Â~åºxfl, QÆ∞O_≥#∞ ã¨∂zOK«∞ „QÆǨÏ=Ú. ‰õΩA_»∞ "åºkèx~À^èŒHõ

â◊H˜Îx, HõO_»~°=ÚʼnõΩ â◊H˜Îx WK«∞Û"å_»∞, K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ ~°HÍÎx ã¨∂zOKÕ „QÆǨÏ=Ú. Éèí K«„HõOÖ’ 2= WÅ∞¡ Éè’[#
™ê÷<åxfl, 6= WÅ∞¡ Hõ_»∞ѨÙ#∞ ã¨∂zOK≥ HÍÅѨÙ~°∞+¨μx JOQÆ=ÚÅ∞. 6= WO\’¡ ~°q, ‰õΩ[, ˆH`«∞=Ù =O\˜
L+¨‚„QÆ=ÚÅ∞ 6= WO\’¡ LO>Ë *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ =∞Oz Éè’[<åxfl ^Œ∂~°O KÕÜ«Ú#∞. Ѷ¨e`« x~åú~°}Ö’ ~°q, ‰õΩ[,
K«O„^Œ∞Å Ü≥ÚHõ¯ ™ê÷<åefl ѨijeOz K≥áêÊe.

7. *Ï`«‰õΩx ã¨fiÉèÏ=O : ѨÙ~°∞+¨μx *Ï`«HõOÖ’ r=HÍ~°‰õΩ_≥·# QÆ∞~°∞=Ù, ¢ã‘Î *Ï`«HõOÖ’ r=HÍ~°‰õΩ_≥·#

â◊√„‰õΩ_ç`À 1,5,7,9 „QÆǨÅ#∞ J#∞ã¨iOz "åi ã¨fiÉèÏ==Ú K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û.

~°q

QÆ∞~°∞
ÃÑ· *Ï`«HõOÖ’ „ѨHÍ~°O r=HÍ~°‰õΩ_≥·# QÆ∞~°∞=Ù #∞Oz ~°q Ü≥ÚHõ¯ ^Œ$+≤ì =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞, HõΔ„uÜ«Ú_»x,
HÀѨO K≥O^Œ∞"å_»x ã¨∞ÅÉèíOQÍ K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û. W^Õ *Ï`«HõOÖ’ ~°q `«O„_ç HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞. ~°q L#fl ™ê÷#O QÆ∞~°∞=Ù
K«∂Ѩ٠=Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ `«O„_ç ™œ=Úº_»x, ѨO_ç`«∞_»x K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û.

8. *Ë+¨ª, =∞Y, =¸Å, Pâı¡+¨ #HõΔ„`«=ÚÅ∞ : D #HõΔ„`åÅ#∞ ^À+¨ #HõΔ„`åÅ∞QÍ ¿Ñ~˘¯O\Ï~°∞. *Ë+¨ª =Å#
J#flQÍiH˜, =¸Å =Å# =∂=∞QÍiH˜, Pâı¡+¨ =Å# J`«ÎQÍiH˜ QÆO_»=ÚÅx ã¨=∂[OÖ’ JáÈǨÏÅ∞ L<åfl~Ú.
<å Jaè„áêÜ«∞OÖ’ Jk ˆH=ÅO XHõ J|^ŒÌO. x*ÏxH˜ ^À+¨ #HõΔ„`«=ÚÅ∞ J~Ú#ѨÊ\˜H˜ "å\˜ #HõΔ„`«=ÚÅ

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JkèѨ`«∞Å∞ (=¸Å, =∞Y, ˆH`«∞, ÖË^• |∞^èŒ, ˆH`«∞=ÙÅ∞ =∞Oz ˆHΔ„`«=ÚÅÖ’ Pâı¡+¨, *Ë+¨ª, |∞^èŒ∞_»∞) |Å=ÚQÍ
L#flKÀ "å\˜ ^À+¨O ѨiǨ~°O J~Ú#@∞¡QÍ K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û.

9. W^ŒÌ~°∞ *Ï`«Hõ=ÚÅÖ’ 7½ â◊x LO>Ë ÃÑo§KÕã¨∞HÀ=KåÛ ?

*. 7½ â◊xJ<Õk *Ï`«H=õ ÚÖ’ K«O„^Œ∞_»∞, QÀKå~°=ÚÖ’ â◊xH˜ [iˆQ Ü«Ú^Œ=ú ÚQÍ ÉèÏqOK«=K«∞Û. JO`ÕHÍx
*Ï`«HõOÖ’x 8 „QÆǨÅ∞, QÀKå~°OÖ’ 8 „QÆǨÏÅ∞ ѨijeOK«‰õΩO_® q"åǨÏO‰õΩ J#∞=ÙHÍx ã¨=∞Ü«∞O Jx
K≥ѨÊ~å^Œ∞.

10. XHõi=Å# =∞~˘HõiH˜ HõÅã≤=K«∞Û<å ?

*. *Ï`«HõO „ѨHÍ~°O XHõiH˜ *Ï`«HõO „ѨHÍ~°O, =∞~˘HõiH˜ =∞~˘Hõi *Ï`«HõO „ѨHÍ~°O XHõiH˜ Hõeã≤
~å=_»O, ~åHõáÈ=_»O J<Õk LO_»^∞Œ . Hˆ =ÅO [#∞Å#∞ "≥∂ã¨O KÕÜ∞« _®xH˜ H˘O`« =∞Ok âߢãOΨ #∞ J=¿ÇÏà◊#
KÕÜ«Ú@‰õΩ D q^èŒO J~Ú# „ѨKå~°O KÕ™êÎ~°∞ Jx <˘H˜¯"åHͯ}˜ã¨∞Î<åfl#∞.

11. *Ï~°Ü≥∂QÆO
*. ¢ã‘Î „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ J~Ú# |∞^èŒ∞_»∞, K«O„^Œ∞_»∞, â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ HõÅã≤ L#fl =~°∞ã¨QÍ QÆ∞~°∞, ‰õΩ[
WO_»¡ #∞Oz U~°Ê_ç# â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ =∞iÜ«Ú ~åǨï=ÙÅ∞ 1,5,9 ^Œ$+≤ìÅÖ’ L#fl ÃÑ· „QÆǨÏ=ÚʼnõΩ QÆ∞~°∞ ^Œ$+≤ì
ÖËHõáÈ~Ú# *Ï~°Ü≥∂QÆO U~°Ê_»∞#∞. JO`ÕHÍHõ Ô~O_»∞ ¢ã‘Î „QÆǨÅ∞ HõÅã≤# *Ï`«‰õΩxÖ’ HÍ=∞ "åOKè« ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞#∞.

12. #ѨÙOã¨Hõ`«fiO
*. *Ï`«Hõ K«„HõOÖ’ â◊x, |∞^èŒ∞_»∞, #ѨÙOã¨Hõ`«fi „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞. *Ï`«Hõ K«„HõOÖ’ â◊x, |∞^èŒ∞Å∞ HõÅã≤ LO_»∞@,
HÍ=∞O#∞ „¿Ñˆ~Ñ≤OKÕ ‰õΩA_»∞, HÍ=∞HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ |ÅOQÍ ÖËHõáÈ~Ú# ÃÑ· q^èŒ=Ú J~Ú# ÅHõΔ}ÏÅ∞
U~°Ê_»∞#∞.

13. ѨÓ[Å∞ ^ÀëêÅ#∞ ǨÏi™êÎÜ«∂ ?

*. „Ѩu `åà◊O‰õΩ XHõ K≥q LO@∞Ok J<Õ=∂@ ZO`« x["≥∂ ѨÓ[Å =Å¡ ^ÀëêÅ∞ ǨÏiOK«|_»=Ù.
ZO^Œ∞Hõ#QÍ *Ï`«HKõ „« HõOÖ’ „QÆÇ¨ Å∞ K«eOK«=Ù. QÀKå~°OÖ’ =∂„`«O K«e™êÎ~Ú. HÍx QÀKå~° HÍÅOÖ’ ã¨=∞㨺Å∞
JkèHõOQÍ L#flѨÙ_»∞ ѨÓ[ =Å# ã¨=∞㨺Å#∞ JkèHõq∞OK«∞@‰õΩ P`«‡Ãã÷Â~°ºO#∞ U~°Ê~°∞™êÎ~Ú. JO`ÕHÍHõ „Ѩu
XHõ¯~°∞ `≥Å∞ã¨∞H˘#=Åã≤#k Uq∞@O>Ë *Ï`«HõOÖ’ „QÆǨÅ#∞ =∞#O ѨÓ[Å ^•fi~å "å\˜ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ K«~°ºÅ#∞
PѨÖË=Ú. HÍx QÀKå~°OÖ’ "å\˜Ü≥ÚHõ¯ K≥_»∞ Ѷ¨e`«=ÚÅÖ’ H˘O`« =∂~°∞Ê `Õ=K«∞Û.

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14. ÉèÏ~°º *Ï`«HõOÖ’ Éèí~°Î =Å# HõÅã≤=ã¨∞ÎO^• ?
*. ÉèÏ~°º *Ï`«HõOÖ’ ‰õΩAx Éèí~°ÎQÍ#∞, â◊√„‰õΩxx r=HÍ~°‰õΩxQÍ =i‚™êÎ=Ú. â◊√„‰õΩx #∞Oz ‰õΩA_»∞
11,2 Ö’ L#flѨC_»∞ ‰õΩAxH˜ `«# q∞„`« „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ 2,12Ö’ L#flѨC_»∞ ‰õΩA_»∞ L#fl ™ê÷#=Ú#‰õΩ JkèѨu
‰õΩAxH˜ 6,8,12Ö’ HÍHõ ˆHO„^Œ=ÚÅÖ’ QÍx HÀ}=ÚÅÖ’ QÍx L#fl ÉèÏ~°º*Ï`«Hõ=Ú „ѨHÍ~°O Éèí~°Î =Å# HõÅã≤
=K«∞Û#∞.

15. Éèí~°Î *Ï`«HõOÖ’ ÉèÏ~°º =Å# HõÅã≤ =ã¨∞ÎO^• ?

*. QÆ∞~°∞=Ù r=HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ ѨÙ~°∞+¨μÅ *Ï`«Hõ „ѨHÍ~°O, â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ ÉèÏ~°º#∞ ã¨∂zOK«∞ „QÆǨÏO. HÍ=Ù# Éèí~°Î
*Ï`«HOõ Ö’ ÉèÏ~°º QÆ∞~°∞=Ù #∞Oz 2,11Ö’ L#flѨC_»∞ â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ `«~∞° "å`« ™ê÷#=ÚÖ’ â◊√„‰õΩx q∞„`«∞Å∞ L#flѨC_»∞,
â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ L#fl ™ê÷#=Ú#‰õΩ JkèѨu â◊√„‰õΩxH˜ ˆHO„^Œ HÀ}=ÚÅÖ’ L#flѨC_»∞ ÉèÏ~°º =Å# Éèí~°Î‰õΩ HõÅã≤
=K«∞Û#∞.

16. =∂OQÆà◊ºÜ≥∂QÆO : *Ï`«Hõ K«„HõOÖ’ ¢ã‘ÎH˜ =∂OQÆà◊º=Ú KåÖÏ „Ѩ^è•#O J~Ú#k. =∂OQÆà◊º ™ê÷#O
K«∂z#ѨÙ_»∞ Éèí~°Î HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# ‰õΩA_»∞ |ÅOQÍ L<åfl_À ÖË^• ѨijeOKåe. ‰õΩA_»∞ #∞O_ç 8= ™ê÷#O
Uk |ÅOQÍ L<åfl_À ÖË^À ѨijeOKåe. ‰õΩA_»∞ K«~°, ã≤÷~°, kfiã¨fiÉèÏ=OÖ’ L<åfl~å ÖË^• ѨijeOz K≥áêÊe.
Hõ~°‡HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ =∞iÜ«Ú PÜ«Ú+π HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# â◊xH˜ ‰õÄ_® =ÚYºOQÍ Ñ¨ijeOKÕ â◊xH˜ 8= WÅ∞¡‰õÄ_®
K«∂_»Å=Öˇ#∞.

17. =∞$`«∞ºÜ≥∂QÆO :ѨÙ~°∞+¨μx *Ï`«HõOÖ’ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù r=HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ ¢ã‘Î *Ï`«HõOÖ’ â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ r=HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞
W~°∞=ÙiH˜ Hõ~°‡ =∞iÜ«Ú PÜ«Ú+¨μº HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ â◊x, *Ï`«Hõ K«„HõOÖ’x QÆ∞~°∞ / â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞x ~åǨï, ˆH`«∞=ÙÅ∞
|OkèOK«∞@ =∞iÜ«Ú â◊x QÆ∞~°∞=Ù / â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ #∞Oz 12, 2, 6, 8 ÅÖ’ L#flѨC_»∞ Ñ≤Å¡Å *Ï`«HõOÖ’
`«`üHÍ~°HõO P^è•~°O ^•fi~å =∞$`«∞º=Ù#∞ QÆ∞iOz `≥Å∞Ѩ=K«∞Û. J#QÍ Hõ~°‡ Ü≥∂QÆO K«∂_®e.

18. ™È=∞i : â◊x, |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ #ѨÙOâ◊Hõ „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ =∞iÜ«Ú ™È=∞i „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞. â◊x |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ HõÅã≤QÍx
ÖË^• |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ QÍx â◊x HÍx q∞„`« ˆHΔ„`«=ÚÅÖ’ L#fl *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ ™È=∞i Jx K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û.

19. "≥O„@∞HõÅ∞ : =∞# ÃÑ^ŒÌ"å~°∞ ‰õΩ~°∞Å∞, ‰õΩ~°∂Ñ≤}˜ ‰õÄ_® JO^ŒOQÍ KÕÜ«Ú#∞ Jx K≥¿ÑÊ"å~°∞. D
‰õΩ~°∞ʼnõΩ |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ JkèѨu. *Ï`«Hõ K«„HõOÖ’ |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ ÉÏQÆÖË#ѨC_»∞ *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ |∞^èŒ∞x HÍ~°Hõ`«fi=ÚÅ∞
HÀÖ’Ê~Ú Jxfl ~°Hõ=ÚÅ∞QÍ W|ƒOkѨ_ç ^•x =Å# =º^èŒ`À Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ "≥O„@∞HõÅ∞ HÀÖ’Ê=Ù@
[~°∞QÆ∞#∞.

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20. =ӺǨÏHõ~ΰ : |∞^è„Œ QÆÇϨ O KåÖÏ `≥eqQÆÅ „QÆÇϨ O. K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ KåÖÏ j„Ѷ∞¨ OQÍ K«eOK«∞ „QÆÇϨ O ѨÙ~å}=ÚÅ
„ѨHÍ~°O K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ =Å# |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ Pq~°ƒùqOKå_»∞. HÍ=Ù# `«O„_ç, H˘_»∞‰õΩÅ HõÅ~ÚHõ WO\˜H˜ â◊√Éèí=Ú.
W^Õq^èŒOQÍ *Ï`«Hõ K«„HõOÖ’ |∞^èŒ∞_»∞, K«O„^Œ∞x HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ =∞Oz =ӺǨÏHõ~°Î Jx K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û.
nxx =∞#O NHõ$+¨μ‚x, h~À, JÖˇQÍ˚O_»~ü "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞ L^•Ç¨Ï~°} *Ï`«Hõ=ÚÅÖ’ K«∂ã≤#ѨÙ_»∞ "å~°∞ `«=∞
=ӺǨÏ=ÚÅ ^•fi~å U q^èŒOQÍ â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ#∞ Z^Œ∞~˘¯x<å~°∞ Jx K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û.

21. ѨÓ~°fi[#‡ : =∂#=Ùx *Ï`«Hõ=Úx J#∞ã¨iOz „Ѩã¨∞Î`«O =∂„`«"Õ∞ HÍHõ ѨÓ~°fi [#‡x =∞#O
`≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ=K«∞Û. Ѩ~åâ◊~° ã≤^•úO`«O „ѨHÍ~°O ÅQÆflO‰õΩ =ºÜ«∞O, Éèí∞$QÆ∞<å_ç „Ñ¨HÍ~°O r=HÍ~°‰õΩx =ºÜ«∞~åt
ÅQÆflOQÍ ÉèÏqOz Ѷ¨e`«O K≥Ñ≤Ê# =∞#O *Ï`«‰õΩx ѨÓ~°fi[#‡#∞ Hõ#∞Q˘#=K«∞Û.
L^•: „Ѩã¨∞Î`«O Hõ~å¯@HõOÖ’ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù L<åfl_»∞ Jx J#∞H˘O^•=Ú. Hõ~å¯@HõO‰õΩ "≥#∞Hõ ~åt q∞^èŒ∞#O HÍ=Ù#
q∞^èŒ∞#O#∞ ÅQÆflOQÍ ÉèÏqOz Ѷ¨e`«O K≥Ñ≤Ê# =∞#‰õΩ *Ï`«‰õΩx ѨÓ~°fi[#‡ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞ Hõ#∞Q˘#=K«∞Û.

22. Éèí∞$QÆ∞aO^Œ∞=Ù : <å_ô „QÆO^è=Œ ÚÅÖ’ ã¨∂zOKÕ ã¨∞ÅÉè`í ~« "° ∞≥ #ÿ Ѩ^`úŒ ∞« Å∞ q∞ye# „QÆO^è•ÅÖ’ Hõ#|_»=Ù
JO^Œ∞Ö’ XHõ Ѩ^Œúu. ~åǨï–K«O„^Œ∞=ÙÅ =∞^茺 aO^Œ∞=Ù#∞ HõeÊ`«aO^Œ∞=Ù ÖË^• Éèí∞$QÆ∞ aO^Œ∞=ÙQÍ K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û.
JO^Œ∞=Å# ~åǨï–K«O„^Œ =∞^躌 aO^Œ∞=Ù
K«O„^Œ ã¨∞Ê@O – 6 − 12 − 13
S 0
115 −−−29
39−12 −29−
SS S S
29
17 0−−39½
6−190
000 0 0
19
39.5 0
â◊
0
{ ~åǨï ã¨∞Ê@O – 20 –42
0
QÆ∞ ~å8 –53
0
29 –29 Hˆ 170–6
~å 19–6 ‰õΩ
â◊130–14 0
7 –9
|∞2300–13 K«0 O
nxx Ô~O_»∞KÕ ÉèÏyOK«QÍ ~°16 –10 12 –13
L^•Ç¨Ï~°} *Ï`«HõOÖ’ =$+¨ÉèíO 29-39.5 #k (Éèí∞$QÆ∞ aO^Œ∞=Ù) ^•x=Å# QÀKå~°OÖ’ ÃÑ· _ç„wʼnõΩ =$+¨ÉèíO
â◊√ÉèÏÅ∞ J~Ú# QÆ∞~°∞=Ù, â◊√„Hõ, K«O„^Œ, |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ ÃÑ· _ç„wʼnõΩ ~å=_»O =Å# â◊√Éèí Ѷ¨e`åÅ#∞, áêѨ „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞
J~Ú# â◊x, ˆH`«∞, ~åǨï, ~°q, ‰õΩA_»∞ =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ =ºuˆ~Y"≥∞ÿ# Ѷ¨e`åÅ#∞ WK«∞Û#∞.

23. JO^ŒO, `Õ[ã¨∞û: r=Hõ~å~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# QÆ∞~°∞=Ùx, `Õ[=Ú#‰õΩ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ ~°q K«∂ã≤# `Õ[ã¨∞û,
JO^Œ=Ú#‰õΩ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞, =ÚY=Ú#‰õΩ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ "åi =ÚQÆ∞æi HõÅ~ÚHõ
r=‰õΩxH˜ `Õ[ã¨∞û, JO^Œ=Ú#‰õΩ ^ÀǨÏ^Œ Ѩ_»∞`å~Ú. Ѷ¨e`« qÉèÏQÆOÖ’ #HõΔ„`«=ÚÅ∞, q∞ye# „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ ^Œ$+≤ì
~åt =ÚYºáê„`« =Ç≤Ï™êÎ~Ú.

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24. Éèí$QÆ∞ K«„Hõ=Ú : *Ï`«Hõ K«„HõOÖ’ 12 ~åâ◊√Å#∞, 12 ã¨OII=ÚÅ∞QÍ ÉèÏqOz =∞~°ÖÏ 1= ~åtx 13=
ã¨OIIÉèÏqOz Dq^èOŒ QÍ *Ï`«H=õ Ú#∞ K«∂_»=K«∞Û. J#QÍ 38 ã¨OII J#QÍ ~Ô O_»=~åt J=Ù`«∞Ok. W^Õq^èOŒ QÍ
=∞#O <≥ÅÅ#∞, ~ÀAÅ#∞, QÆO@Å∞QÍ =∞#O qÉèlí Oz Ѷe¨ `« x~åÌ~}° KÕÜ∞« =K«∞Û. XHõ *Ï`«HOõ Ö’ â◊√Éè„í QÆÇϨ =ÚÅ∞
L#fl ~åâ◊√Å#∞ ã¨O=`«û~°=ÚÅÖ’H˜ =∂iÛ "å\˜ ^•fi~å ‰õÄ_® Ѷ¨e`«=ÚÅ∞ x~°‚~ÚOK«=K«∞Û.
~° QÆ∞

ÃÑ· L^•Ç¨Ï~°}Å *Ï`«HõOÅ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù r=HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ HÍ=Ù# *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ ~°q ã¨O|Ok`« HÍ~°Hõ`«fi=ÚÅ∞
J#QÍ JkèHÍ~°O, ~å[H©Ü«∞O "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞#q *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ 11 ã¨OIIÅ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ Ü≥∂yOK«∞#∞. J^Õ q^èŒOQÍ
HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# ~°qH˜ ÅQÆflOQÍ ÉèÏqOz# ~°q #∞Oz QÆ∞~°∞=Ù 3= WO\˜Ö’ L<åfl_»∞ HÍ=Ù# *Ï`«‰õΩx
`«O„_çH˜ *Ï`«‰õΩx ^•fi~å 3= ã¨O=`«û~°=ÚÖ’ QÆ∞~°∞HÍ~°Hõ`«fi=ÚÅ∞ Jaè=$kú K≥Ok Jk Pi÷HõO, Q“~°=O
"≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞#q ÅaèOK«∞#∞.

25. "å‰õΩ¯ : =∂#=Ùx *Ï`«H=õ ÚÖ’ "å‰õΩ¯#∞ |\˜ì J`«x Ü≥ÚHõ¯ Q“~°==Ú ã¨=∂[OÖ’ LO@∞Ok. Ѩ~åâ◊~°
ã≤^•úO`«OÖ’ "å‰õΩ¯ Éèí K«„HõOÖ’ Ô~O_»= WÅ∞¡, Éèí∞$QÆ∞=∞`«O „ѨHÍ~°O |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ "å‰õΩ¯ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞. =∞#O Éèí
K«„HõOÖ’x „QÆÇϨ #∞Oz |∞^è∞Œ x #∞Oz ~Ô O_»= WO\˜x P^è•~°OQÍ *Ï`«H=õ ÚÖ’ *Ï`«‰Ωõ x "å‰õΩ¯x Hõ#∞Q˘#=K«∞Û.
L^•: |∞^èŒ∞x #∞Oz Ô~O_»= WO\˜Ö’ ^è≥·~°º™êǨÏã¨=ÚʼnõΩ JkèѨu J~Ú# ‰õΩAx ^•fi~å Z‰õΩ¯= â◊H˜Îx, ~åǨï
^•fi~å <Õ~°Êi`«#O, K«O„^Œ, â◊√„Hõ, QÆ∞~°∞ ^•fi~å „âß=º"≥∞ÿ# "å‰õΩ¯#∞ ѨijeOK«=K«∞Û.

26. Hõà◊Å∞ : "å‰õΩ¯#∞ ã¨∂zOKÕ |∞^èŒ∞xH˜ Ô~O_»= WO\˜Ö’ Hõà◊Å∞#∞ ã¨∂zOKÕ K«O„^Œ, â◊√„‰õΩÅ∞ L#fl
*Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ Hõà◊Å∞ ^•fi~å |∞^èŒ∞x #∞Oz `«y# QÆ∞iÎOѨ٠*Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ =K«∞Û#∞. â◊√Éèí„QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ =Å# 2=
WO\˜Ö’ =∞#O *Ï`«‰õΩx KÕu „"åÅ∞#∞ ‰õÄ_® „QÆÇ≤ÏOK«=K«∞Û.

27. "≥∂HõΔÜ≥∂QÆ=Ú : *Ï`«Hõ=ÚÖ’ "≥∂HõΔ=Ú#∞ ã¨∂zOK«∞ „QÆǨÏ=Ú ˆH`«∞=Ù. r=HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù. HÍ=Ù#
r=HÍ~°‰õΩxH˜ "≥∂HõΔHÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ 1,5,9 (HÀ}=ÚÅÖ’) L#fl *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ "≥∂HõΔ=Ú#∞ á⁄O^Œ∞`å_»∞ Jx K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û.
28. H©iÎ, „Ѩu+¨ªÅ∞ : ˆH`«∞=Ù *Ï`«Hõ K«„HõOÖ’ *ˇO_®Ü≥∂QÆO, H©iÎ, „Ѩu+¨ªÅ∞ WK«∞Û „QÆǨÏ=Ú. HÍ=Ù# =∞#O
ˆH`«∞=Ù #∞Oz 12= Wà◊§Ö’ ѨÙ~°∞+¨„QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ J~Ú# QÆ∞~°∞=Ù, ~°q, ‰õΩA_»∞ L#fl *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ H©iÎ, „Ѩu+¨ªÅ∞
U~°Ê_»∞#x ÖË^• ѨÙ~°∞+¨ „QÆÇ¨Ï ~åâ◊√ÅÖ’ ˆH`«∞=Ù L#flѨC_»∞ PÜ«∂ ÉèÏ"åÅ∞ H˘O`« W|ƒOk Ѩ_ç#ѨÊ\˜H˜
`«~°∞"å`« J#QÍ rq`«O kfifÜ«∂~°÷OÖ’ *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ H©iÎ, „Ѩu+¨ªÅ∞ U~°Ê_»∞#∞.
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29. Z‰õΩ¯= q"åǨÅ∞ : QÆ∞~°∞=Ù r=HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞, r=HÍ~°‰õΩx #∞Oz =~°∞㨠Wà◊§ Ö’ „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ L#flѨÙ_»∞
=∞iÜ«Ú, J^Õ *Ï`«Hõ=ÚÖ’ â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ #∞Oz =~°∞ã¨QÍ Ñ¨Ù~°∞+¨„QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ L#flѨC_»∞, "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ ÉèÏ~°º, â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞,
Ô~O_»= ÉèÏ~°º |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ J#QÍ N^Õq, Éèí∂^Õq HÍ=Ù# ѨijÅ#Ö’ â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞, |∞^èŒ∞xx J#∞ã¨iOz Ѷ¨e`«O
K≥áêÊe.

30. PÅ㨺q"åǨÅ∞ : *Ï`«Hõ K«„HõOÖ’ q"åǨÏHÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# â◊√„‰õΩxH˜ â◊x 1,5,7,9 ^Œ∞$+≤ì`À K«∂ã≤#,
=∞iÜ«Ú â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ â◊„`«∞ˆHΔ„`«OÖ’ LO_ç#, â◊√„‰õΩxH˜ 2,12 WO_»¡Ö’ â◊√„‰õΩxH˜ â◊„`«∞ „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ LO_ç#, â◊√„‰õΩx
`«~°∞"å`« =~°∞㨠~åâ◊√ÅÖ’ U „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ ÖËHõáÈ~Ú#, â◊√„‰õΩxH˜ "≥∂HõΔHÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# ˆH`«∞=Ù ^Œ$+≤ì `«ye#
*Ï`«‰õΩ#‰õΩ q"åǨÏO PÅ㨺O Jx K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û.

31. ^Œi„^ŒÜ∂≥ QÆ=ÚÅ∞ : *Ï`«Hõ K«„HõOÖ’ ÃÑ<·¶ å<£û#∞ ã¨∂zOKÕ HÍ~°‰Ωõ Å∞ â◊√„Hõ, QÆ∞~°∞=ÙÅ∞. â◊√„Hõ, QÆ∞~°∞=ÙÅ∞
ã¨fiˆHΔ„`«OÖ’ ÖËHõáÈ~Ú#, q∞„`«ˆHΔ„`«OÖ’ ÖËHõáÈ~Ú#, XHõi ˆHO„^ŒOÖ’ =∞~˘Hõ~°∞ ÖËHõáÈ~Ú#, 1,5,7,9ÅÖ’
W~°∞=Ùi K«∂Ѩ٠=∞~˘HõiÃÑ· ÖËHõáÈ~Ú#, LK«ÛÖ’ ÖËHõáÈ~Ú# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ ^èŒ#ÖËq∞ Z‰õΩ¯= ÉèÏ^èŒÑ¨_»∞K«∞O_»∞#∞.
Ѷ¨e`åÅ ÉèÏQÆOÖ’ Y~°∞ÛʼnõΩ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# K«O„^Œ∞x ‰õÄ_® ѨiQÆ}Ö’H˜ fã¨∞HÀ"åe.

32. "å~°ã¨`«fiO : "å~°ã¨`«fi Pã≤ÎH˜ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ â◊x„QÆǨÏO. *Ï`«Hõ K«„HõOÖ’ â◊xÜ≥ÚHõ¯ ˆHΔ„`«O áê_»∞Ü≥ÿ∞<å, â◊x
â◊„`«∞=ÙÅÖ’ HõÅã≤#, K«∂_»|_ç#, â◊„`«∞ Hˆ „Δ `«=ÚÅÖ’ LO_ç##∞, â◊x ™ê÷<åkèÑu¨ â◊x #∞Oz 6,8,12 ™ê÷#=ÚÅÖ’
LO_ç##∞, â◊xH˜ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù K«∂Ѩ٠ÖËHõáÈ~Ú##∞ "å~°ã¨`«fi Pã≤ÎH˜ Z‰õΩ¯= P@OHõ=ÚÅ∞ U~°Ê_»∞#∞.

33. ÉèÏQÆ™êfi=∞ºO : ÉèÏQÆ™êfi=∞º=Ú#‰õΩ HÍ~°‰Ωõ _»∞ |∞^è∞Œ _»∞. D |∞^è∞Œ _»∞ ÃÑ#· K≥Ñʨ |_ç# â◊x=Öˇ â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ`À
HõÅã≤#, =„H˜Oz#, K«∂_»|_ç#, â◊„`«∞ˆHΔ„`«OÖ’ LO_ç#, |∞^茙ê÷<åkѨu, |∞^èŒ∞x #∞Oz 6,8,12Ö’ L#fl#∞
*Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ ÉèÏQÆ™êfi=∞ºO HõÅã≤ ~å^Œ∞ Jx K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û.

34. Éèí~°Î / ÉèÏ~°º Uk‰õΩ¯ #∞O_ç =K«∞Û#∞ : Éèí~°Î#∞ ã¨∂zOK«∞ „QÆǨÏO ‰õΩA_»∞, ÉèÏ~°º#∞ ã¨∂zOK«∞ „QÆǨÏO
â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞.
"Õ∞+¨, ã≤OǨÏO, ^èŒ#ã¨∞û – `«∂~°∞Ê
=$+¨ÉèíO, Hõ#º, =∞Hõ~°O – ^ŒH˜Δ}O
q∞^èŒ∞#O, `«∞Å, ‰õΩOÉèíO – ѨtÛ=∞O
Hõ~å¯@HõO, =$tÛHõO, g∞#O – L`«Î~°O
ÃÑ· ~åâ◊√ÅÖ’ â◊√„‰õ, ‰õΩAÅ#∞ |\˜ì U k‰õΩ¯#∞Oz =K«∞Û<À „QÆÇ≤ÏOK«=K«∞Û.

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35. ~°[ã¨fiÅ *Ï`«Hõ=Ú : <Õ_»∞ „QÆO^èŒHõ~°ÎÅÖ’ XHõ JáÈÇ¨Ï L#flk. P_»"åi *Ï`«HõOÖ’ *Ï`«‰õΩ~åe
~°[ã¨fiÅ J=_»O, "åiÜ≥ÚHõ¯ „Ѩ=~°Î#, *Ï`«HõO LO@∞Ok J<Õ Jaè„áêÜ«∞O <Õ\ ˜H˜ L#flk. ‰õΩA_»∞, ~°HõÎOÖ’x
HõO_»~åÅ#∞, K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ ~°HõÎO#∞ ã¨∂zOK«∞„QÆǨÏO. Wq ~°[ã¨fiʼnõΩ =ÚYº"≥∞ÿ#q. HÍx ÃÑ· =~°‰õΩ <Õ#∞K≥Ñ≤Ê#@∞¡
~°[ã¨fiÅ *Ï`«Hõ=Ú ‰õÄ_® =∞#O ѨÙ\˜ì#@∞=O\˜ *Ï`«HõO J#∞ã¨iOKÕ U~°Ê_»∞`«∞Ok. HÍ=Ù# JO`«Ü«Ú =∞#
*Ï`«HõOÖ’ q=iOK«|_çLO_»∞#∞.

36. q"åǨÏ, ^Õâ◊QÀKå~°=Ú : XHõ ^Õâ=◊ Ú#∞ QÍx ~å[º=Ú#∞QÍx, ã¨Oã¨#÷ ∞ QÍx *Ï`«H=õ Ú K«∂_»=Öˇ##fl
P^Õâ◊=ÚÜ≥ÚHõ¯ ™êfi`«O„`«ºk<À`«û==Ú‰õΩ *Ï`«Hõ=Ú #∞ xi‡Oz, ^•xÖ’ „QÆǨÅ#∞ QÀKå~° „QÆǨŠѶ¨e`«OQÍ
*Ï`«Hõ=Ú#∞ ѨijeOK«=K«∞Û. J^Õ q^èŒOQÍ HõOÃÑxÖ’ J~Ú`Õ "≥∞"≥Ú~åO_»"£∞ J™Èã≤ÜÕ∞+¨<£ U~°Ê_ç# `Õn
^•fi~å *Ï`«HOõ xi‡Oz Ѷe¨ `«=ÚÅ∞, q"åǨÏO J~Ú#~ÀA *Ï`«HOõ xi‡Oz QÀKå~°=ÚÖ’x „QÆÇϨ =ÚÅ ^•fi~å
=∞#O q"åǨÏO Ü≥ÚHõ¯ Ѷ¨e`åÅ∞ á⁄O^Œ=K«∞Û.

37. „Ѩ=∂^ŒO, PѨˆ~+¨#∞¡ : *Ï`«Hõ K«„HõOÖ’ „Ѩ=∂^•Å#∞ ã¨∞zOKÕ „QÆǨÏO ‰õΩA_»∞, ˆH`«∞=Ù. *Ï`«Hõ
K«„HõOÖ’ ‰õΩA_»∞, ˆH`«∞=Ù LO_»∞ ™ê÷#O g∞^Œ ‰õΩ[, ˆH`«∞=ÙʼnõΩ â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ∞ J~Ú# |∞^èŒ∞, â◊x, ~åǨï=ÙÅ∞
QÀKå~°OÖ’ ‰õΩ[, ˆH`«∞=ÙÅ#∞Oz 1,5,7,9 ~åâ◊√ÅÖ’ LO_ç#ѨÙ_»∞ „Ѩ=∂^•Å∞, PѨˆ~+¨#∞¡ U~°Ê_»∞#∞.

38. q^ÕjÜ«∂#O : ~åǨï=Ù q^ÕjÜ«∂# HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞. *Ï`«Hõ K«„HõOÖ’ ~åǨï=Ù, r=HÍ~°‰õΩx QÆ∞~°∞=ÙH˜
1,5,7,9 K«∂z#ѨÙ_»∞, QÀKå~°OÖ’x K«O„^Œ, ~åǨï, QÆ∞~°∞=Ù Ü≥ÚHõ¯ =∂~°∞Ê =Å# =∞#O q^ÕjÜ«∂#O
x~°‚~ÚOK«=K«∞Û.

39. áÈbã¨∞Å∞, HÀ~°∞ì ˆHã¨∞ÅÖ’ W|ƒOk : *Ï`«HõOÖ’ áÈbã¨∞#∞ ã¨∂zOK«∞ „QÆǨÏO ‰õΩA_»∞, HÀ~°∞ì ˆHã¨∞Å∞
ã¨∂zOK«∞ „QÆǨÏO, ˆH`«∞=Ù. ^˘OQÆ – ~åǨï=Ù, â◊x – Ѩx"å_»∞. HÍ=Ù# *Ï`«K«Hõ K«„HõOÖ’x ‰õΩ[, ˆH`«∞=ÙÅ#∞,
QÀKå~°OÖ’ 1,5,7,9 ~åǨï, â◊x, Ѩi„Éèíq∞Oz#ѨÙ_»∞ áÈbã¨∞Å`À, HÀ~°∞ìˆHã¨∞Å`À W|ƒOkQÍ QÀK«iOK«∞#∞.

40. ã¨O`å#Ç‘Ï# Ü≥∂QÍÅ∞ : *Ï`«Hõ K«„HõOÖ’ Ѩل`«HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ ~°q, ѨلuHõ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ *Ï`«Hõ
K«„HõOÖ’ ~°q, â◊√„‰õΩÅ∞ áê_»~Ú#ѨÙ_»∞ J#QÍ ~°q, â◊√„‰õΩÅ∞ |ÅOQÍ ÖË#ѨÙ_»∞ ã¨O`å#Ü≥∂QÍÅ#∞ =∞#O
K«∂_»=K«∞Û.

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 „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ - ^Õ=Ùx ¿Ñ~°∞¡ =K«∞Û q^è•#O
„|Ǩχ : ˆH`«∞=Ù (QÆ∞~°∞=Ù =∞iÜ«Ú ˆH`«∞=Ù)
L^ŒÜ«∞=Ú Ñ¨Ù\˜ì# *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ ~°q, |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ =∞iÜ«Ú ˆH`«∞=Ù.
q+¨μ‚ : |∞∞^èŒ∞_»∞
~å„u ѨÙ\˜ì# *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ ~°q â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞
t=Ù_»∞ : â◊x, ‰õΩA_»∞, ˆH`«∞=Ù, K«O„^Œ∞_»∞, QÆ∞~°∞=Ù =∞iÜ«Ú â◊x, ~åǨï=Ù

â◊x

~åt

K«O

ÃÑ· *Ï`«HõOÖ’ K«O„^Œ∞x #∞O_ç â◊x S^Œ= WO\˜Ö’ LO_ç K«O„^Œ∞x KÕ`« K«∂_» |_»∞K«∞#flO^Œ∞=Å¡
K«O„^Œ∞x ^èŒiOz# "å_»∞ Dâ◊fi~°∞x Hõ#∞Hõ *Ï`«‰õΩ#‰õΩ K«O„^Œ=∞øo HÍx, Dâ◊fi~°∞_»∞, t= J#∞ Dâ◊fi~°∞xH˜
<å=∞ ^ÕÜ«∞=ÚÅ∞ ~å=_»O [~°∞QÆ∞#∞.
„QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ - ^Õ=`«Å ¿Ñ~°∞¡ =K«∞Û q^è•#O
ã¨~°ã¨fiu : |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ ˆH`«∞=Ù
ÅH˜; : |∞^èŒ, â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞
áê~°fiu : K«O„^Œ∞_»∞, â◊x, K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ (K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ J#QÍ áê~°fiu Jx J~°÷O)
‰õΩA_»∞ : ã¨∞„|Ǩχ=∞}ºO ™êfiq∞.

ÃÑ· *Ï`«HõOÖ’ â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ =∞iÜ«Ú |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ HõÅ~ÚHõ Hõ~å¯@Hõ ~åtÖ’ [~°∞QÆ∞@. â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ J#QÍ N^Õq
=∞iÜ«Ú |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ J#QÍ Éèí∂^Õq. D Ô~O_»∞ „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ ÃÑ· ‰õΩ@∞O|OÖ’x ^Õ=`«Å#∞ J#QÍ ÅH˜; ^Õ=x
ã¨∂zOK«∞#∞. J#QÍ D *Ï`«‰õΩ~åʼnõΩ ÅH˜;^Õq ã¨O|OkèOz# <å=∞^èÕÜ«∞O =K«∞Û#∞.

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 „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ =∞iÜ«Ú "å\˜ HÍ~°ºHõ`«fi=ÚÅ∞
~°q :
`«O„_ç, "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ H˘_»∞‰õΩ, „ѨÉ∞íè `«fiO, P`«‡, ‰õΩ_çH#õ ∞fl, ~åA, =∞O„u, "≥∞~°∞ѨÙ, „Ѩu+¨,ª ~å[iHõ ÅHõ}Δ =ÚÅ∞
Hõey# =ºHÎ̃ LQÆ~°O „"ÕÅ∞#∞ ã¨∂zOK«∞#∞. "≥·^ŒºO, Ǩϟ^•, QÆ∞O_≥, "≥Å∞QÆ∞, „QÍ=∞ „u=¸~°∞ÎÅ∞, QÀ^èŒ∞=∞, ÔHOѨÙ.

K«O„^Œ :
=∂#ã≤Hõ â◊H˜Î, `«e¡, J`«Î, [Å∞|∞, ^ŒQÆ∞æ, h~°∞, "≥∂ã¨QÍ_»∞, =∂~°∞ÊÅ∞, J=∂‡~Ú, Hõ#º Z_»=∞ Hõ#∞fl,
áê~°fiu ^Õq, „^Œ= Ѩ^•~°÷O, „Ѩ=∂}O, JfO„kÜ«∞O, Hõ^äŒ, ™êfl#[ÅO, =∞^ŒºO, =¸„`« Ñ≤O_®Å∞, HÍÖËÜ«∞O,
„â◊^ŒHõO, ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞ J#flO.

‰õΩ[ :
JkèHÍ~°O, Jã¨∂Ü«∞, â◊„`«∞=ÙÅ∞, Hõ~Ô O\ò, Yx[O, ~Ô O_»= ™È^Œ~∞° _»∞, Jyfl, "Õ_,ç QÆ\ ^ì˜ #Œ O, Ѩà√◊ §, ~°HOÎõ
P_»"åi *Ï`«HOõ Ö’ Éè~í #ΰ ∞ ã¨∂zOK«∞#∞. ^Œ=_»#∞, Hõ#∞ÉÁ=∞‡Å#∞, g∞ã¨=ÚÅ#∞, P@Å∞, "≥#∞fl=ÚHõ, QÆO_»=∂Å,
~°HõÎO, p=Ú, =O@Hõ=Ú, ѨQÆ_»O, Ѩ_»Hõ QÆk QÀ_».

|∞^èŒ∞_»∞ :
`≥eq `Õ@Å∞, K«^Œ∞=Ù, q∞„`«∞Å∞, "åºáê~°O, =¸_»= ™È^Œ~°∞_»∞, H˘xfl™ê~°∞¡ =∞#O z=i ™È^ŒiQÍ#∞,
„áêˆH [O`«∞=ÙÅ∞ QÍ#∞, #∞^Œ∞~°∞, z\˜ÔH# „"ÕÅ∞, "Õ∞#=∂=∞, K«~°‡O, ã¨O^Œ~°≈ѨÅQÆÅk, Éèí[=ÚÅ∞, K≥q.

QÆ∞~°∞=Ù :
[#∞Å Ü≥ÚHõ¯ „áê}O J#QÍ =∞QÆ"åx *Ï`«HõOÖ’ r=Ùx Ü≥ÚHõ¯ „áê}O#∞, =Ú‰õΩ¯QÍ#∞, K«∂ѨÙ_»∞
"ÕÅ∞, =∂~°æxˆ~útQÍ#∞, =∞# q^Œº <ÕiÊOK«_»O QÆ∞~°∞=ÙQÍ#∞, <åºÜ«∞"åk QÍ#∞, *’u+¨μº_çQÍ#∞, P^•Ü«∞O#∞,
"≥∞@∞¡, ѨÙ}ºˆHΔ„`åÅ∞, Hõ#Hõ ѨÙ+¨º~åQÆO, Q“~°=O QÆ∞_ç, QÀѨÙ~°=Ú.

â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ :
ÅH˜;^Õq, H˜s@O, ã¨OѨ^Œ, WÅ∞¡¡, JHõ¯, ÉèÏ~°º, P_»"åi *Ï`«‰õΩxQÍ#∞, ã¨∞YO WK«∞Û"åxQÍ, ~åHõΔã¨
QÆ∞~°∞=Ù "≥·~°∞º_çQÍ#∞ K«∂_»=K«∞Û. „¿Ñ=∞, ã¨∞Y HõÅ~ÚHõ, HõѨ=Ú, K«ÔH¯~° "åºkè, ã¨∞Y"åº^èŒ∞Å∞, ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞, =„[O.

~åǨï=Ù :
`«‰õΩ¯= ‰õΩÅ=Ú"å_»∞, ã¨#flQÍ, á⁄_»= Hõey# =ºH˜Î, ^˘OQÆ, K«ex `«@∞ìHÀÖËx "å_»∞, Ñ≤`å=∞Ǩï_»∞,
h~°∞, q^Õt, PHõ~°¬}©Ü«∞"≥∞ÿ# =$`«∞ÎÅ∞ K≥ѨC@"å_»∞, QÆ∞_»¡QÆ∂|, áê=Ú, `À_ÕÅ∞, ã¨~°ÊQÆO^èŒ=$HõΔO, [|∞ƒÅ∞
=$HõΔO, QÀ"Õ∞^äŒHõO, <À~°∞, =Úã‘¡O, ^Œ∞~åæ^Õq, q∞#∞=ÚÅ∞.
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ˆH`«∞=Ù :
`å`«Ü«∞º, "≥∂HõΔHÍ~°∞‰õΩ_»∞, *’ºu+¨O, "≥·^ŒºO, <åºÜ«∞"åk, Ñ‘`«ÎO, ‰õΩ+¨μì"åºkè, "≥O„@∞HõÅ∞, K«~°‡
ã¨O|O^èŒ ~ÀQÍÅ∞, ѨÙ~°∞+¨μx JOQÆ=Ú, QÆ_»¤O, L_»∞`«, #∞Å∞ѨÙ~°∞QÆ∞Å∞, `åà◊√§, "≥·_»∞~°ºO, q<åÜ«∞‰õΩ_»∞,
ǨÏ#∞=∞O`«∞_»∞, LÅ=Å∞.

ÃÑ· K≥Ñʨ |_ç# „QÆÇϨ HÍ~åHõ`fi« O P^è•~°OQÍ =∞#‰õΩ =∞#OQÍ Ñ¨iëê¯~° =∂~°=æ Ú#∞ U~°Ê~°K∞« H˘x `«^•fi~å
Ѷ¨e`«O á⁄O^Œ∞@‰õΩ q∞H˜¯e ^ÀǨÏ^ŒÑ¨_»∞@.

([#‡`«Ç¨Ï =zÛ# *Ï`«Hõ=Ú Ñ¨iëê¯~° =∂~°æO ^•fi~å =zÛ# W|ƒOkx H˘OK≥O `«‰õΩ¯= KÕÜ«Ú<Õ QÍh
ѨÓiÎQÍ `˘ÅyOK«^Œ∞).

=∞#‰õΩ Éèí$QÆ∞ ã¨OÇ≤Ï`«OÖ’ Jyfl`«`«Î fi ~åâ◊√ÅÖ’ „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ âßOuOѨ KÕÜ«Ú@‰õΩ Ü«∞[˝=ÚÅ∞,

Ǩϟ=∞=ÚÅ∞, "åÜ«Ú`«`fi« "å ~åâ◊√ÅÖ’ „QÆÇϨ =ÚÅ∞ âßOuOѨKÜ Õ Ú« @‰õΩ „áê~°#÷ Å∞, Éè∂í `ü`Î fi« ~åâ◊√Ö’ „QÆÇϨ =ÚÅ∞
âßOuOѨ KÕÜÚ« @‰õΩ Ñ¨Ó*Å∞, [Å`«`Îü fi ~åâ◊√Ö’ „QÆÇϨ =ÚÅ∞ âßOuOѨ KÕÜÚ« @‰õΩ Jaè¿+Hõ=Ú ã¨∂zOK«∞K«∞#flk.

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 OBAMA (XÉÏ=∂ )
K«O„^Œ â◊√„Hõ
ˆH 4–8–1961 |∞^èŒ(=„Hõ)
7.24P M ~°q
QÆ∞~°∞ ‰õΩ[
â◊x

D *Ï`«HõOÖ’ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù#∞Oz, â◊x #∞Oz Ô~O_»= WO\˜Ö’ ˆH`«∞=Ù J#QÍ „H˜ã≤ìÜ«∞<£. „H˜ã≤ìÜ«∞<£ ^Õâ◊O #∞Oz
^èŒ#O, ~°q, QÆ∞~°∞=ÙŠѨ~°ã¨Ê~° K«∂Ѩ٠HÍ=Ù# ~åA=O\˜ ÅHõΔ}=ÚÅ∞, K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ LK«ÛˆHΔ„`«O HÍ=Ù# Z‰õΩ¯=
Y~°∞Û ã¨fiÉèÏ=O, |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ =„H˜ HÍ=Ù# z#fl`«#OÖ’ WÅ∞¡ ã¨÷ÅO =ke ~å=_»O, QÆ∞~°∞, â◊x HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å# ^èŒ~°‡,
Hõ~°‡ JkèѨ`«∞ÅÜ≥∂QÆO =Å# ¿Ñ~°∞ „Ѩu+¨ìÅ∞, â◊x, ~°q Ѩ~°ã¨Ê~° K«∂Ѩ٠=Å# „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO g∞^Œ JkѨ`«ºO â◊xH˜
ã¨Ñ¨Î=∞O K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ HÍ=Ù# Z‰õΩ¯= =$uÎ s`åº „Ѩ=∂}ÏÅ∞ K«∂_»=K«∞Û.

aÖò ˆQ\òû ("åºáê~°"Õ`«Î)

K«O„^Œ ˆH
28–10–1955
10.58P M
QÆ∞
~åǨï â◊√„Hõ |∞^èŒ
â◊x ‰õΩ[

|∞^èŒ∞_»∞ LK«Û Éèí„^ŒÑ¨Ù~°∞+¨ =∞ǨϟÜ≥∂QÆO K«O„^Œ, |∞^èŒ∞ŠѨ~°ã¨Ê~° K«∂Ѩ٠=Å# K«Hõ¯x =ӺǨÏHõ~°Î, â◊x
LK«Û J~Ú#O^Œ∞=Å¡ ~°q hK«`«fiO áÈ~Ú kfifÜ«∂~°÷OÖ’ ¿Ñ~°∞ „Ѩu+¨ªÅ∞ ã¨OáêkOK«∞@ â◊x Ô~O_»= WO\˜Ö’
~åǨï=Ù LO_»∞@ =Å# ~åǨï=Ù HõOѨӺ@~°¡‰õΩ JkèѨu HÍ=Ù# HõOѨӺ@~ü ^•fi~å JkèHõ ^èŒ#^•Ü«∞O =∞#O
QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û.
„Ѩã¨∞Î`« ÉèÏ~°`« „Ѩ^è•#=∞O„u
~åǨï
QÆ∞~°∞ #ˆ~O„^Œ"≥∂_ô
17-Sep-1950
â◊x, â◊√„Hõ
K«O„^Œ, ‰õΩ[ ~°q, |∞^èŒ∞
ˆH`«∞

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 D *Ï`«HõOÖ’ ‰õΩ[{K«O„^Œ – K«O„^Œ =∞OQÆà◊ Ü≥∂QÆO, ‰õΩ[ {~åǨï (1{5)´ "≥ÚO_ç"å_»∞QÍ#∞,
~°q, ˆH`«∞=ÙÅ∞, Hõ#ºÖ’ H©iÎ „Ѩu+¨ìÅ∞, |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ LK«Û J#QÍ Éèí„^Œ, ѨÙ~°∞+¨=∞ǨÜ≥∂QÆO QÍ#∞, â◊x {â◊√„Hõ_»∞
ã≤OǨÏOÖ’ J#QÍ L^ÀºQÆã¨∞Î~åÅ∞, "≥ÚO_çk JQÆ∞ÉèÏ~°º, =$uÎHÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ ã≤OǨÏOÖ’, ã≤OǨÏO#∞Oz Ô~O_»=
WO\˜Ö’ H©iÎ „Ѩu+¨ªÅ∞ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# ˆH`«∞=Ù, Govt. HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ ~°q Jx, "å‰õΩ¯#∞ ã¨∂zOKÕ |∞^èŒ∞_»∞,
QÆ∞~°∞=Ù K«∂Ѩ٠â◊xg∞^Œ |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ =Å# ^èŒ~°‡, Hõ~å‡kѨuÜ≥∂QÆO, QÆ∞~°∞=Ù K«∂Ѩ٠â◊√„‰õΩxg∞^Œ ÅH©Δ ‡Ü≥∂QÆO QÍ
ѨxKÕÜ«∞_»O. D =ºH˜Î „Ѩ^è•#=∞O„u JQÆ∞@‰õΩ ^ÀǨÏ^ŒO KÕâß~Ú Jx K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û. ‰õΩOÉèíO Ѩiâ’^èŒ<å ™ê÷#O.
HÍ=Ù# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ Ö’`≥·# =ºH˜Î Jx ã¨Ñ¨Î=∞O ã≤OǨÏO HÍ=Ù# Govt. ã¨Ç¨ÏHÍ~°O ÅaèOz#k Jx K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û.
QÆ∞~°∞=Ù "≥#Hõ U „QÆǨÏ=Ú ÖË^Œ∞, =∞iÜ«Ú QÆ∞~°∞=Ù `«~°∞"åu ˆHΔ„`«O KèåÜ«∂„QÆǨÏO J~Ú# ~åǨï=Ù `«Ñ¨Ê "Õ~˘Hõ
„QÆǨÏO ÖË^Œ∞ HÍ=Ù# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ XO@i"å_»∞ Jx K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û.
=ÚY™ê=Ú„kHõO :
*’ºu+¨ºOÖ’ 52 âßYÅ∞ HõÅ=Ù Jx =∞#‰õΩ "Õ^•ÅÖ’ K≥ѨÊ|_»∞K«∞#flk. =∞#‰õΩ nx QÆ∞iOz
~å=∂Ü«∞} ã¨∞O^Œ~°HÍO_»Ö’ ǨÏ#∞=∞O`«∞Å "å~°∞ ã‘`å^ÕqH˜ `«# Éèí~°Î J~Ú# ~å=Ú_ç QÆ∞iOz =i‚OK«_»O,
ã‘`å^Õq „u[@‰õΩ Ü«Ú^Œú ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’ ~å=}Ïã¨∞~°∞_»∞ =ÚY Hõ=eHõÅ∞ ^•fi~å `«# Ѩ`«#=Ú U q^èŒOQÍ
[iyOk K≥ѨC@ ~å=∂Ü«∞}OÖ’<Õ "åb‡H˜ =∞ǨÏi¬ `«=∞ t+¨º|$O^•xH˜ ~å=∂Ü«∞}OÖ’<Õ „Ѩu áê„`«#∞
JOQÆ™ê=Ú„kHõ ^•fi~å q=iOK«∞@. =∞#‰õΩ ÉèÏQÆ=`«OÖ’ „ѨǨ¡^Œ∞_»∞ q+¨μ‚=¸iÎx Uq^èŒOQÍ LO\Ï_À `«O„_ç
J_çy#ѨC_»∞ ^•xx JOQÆ™ê=Ú„kHõ ^•fi~å K«Hõ¯QÍ q=~°}^•fi~å W=Ùfi@ =∞# QÆ~°∞_» ѨÙ~å}OÖ’ ‰õÄ_® nx
„Ѩ™êÎ=# q∞H˜¯e Z‰õΩ¯= Hõ#|_»∞`«∞Ok. *Ï`«Hõ ѨijÅ# HõO\˜H˜ Hõ#Ѩ_»xfl „QÆǨÅ∞ QÆ∞iOz q=iã¨∞ÎO>Ë
JOQÆ™ê=Ú„kHõO (=ÚY ™ê=Ú„kHõO{ǨÏã¨Î™ê=Ú„kHõO "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ·#q) =ÚY™ê=Ú„kHõOÖ’ #∞^Œ∞~°∞ ÉèÏQÍxfl
|∞^èŒ∞_»∞ JkèѨuQÍ#∞ #∞kuH˘#Å∞ "≥O„@∞‰õΩÅ#∞ ˆH`«∞=ÙQÍ#∞, Hõ#∞flÉÁ=∞‡Å#∞, ^Œ=_», Ѩà◊√§ ‰õΩAxQÍ#∞
‰õΩ_ç HõO\˜x ~°qxQÍ#∞, Z_»=∞ HõO\˜x K«O„^Œ∞xQÍ#∞ <åtHõ#∞ (=Ú‰õΩ¯) QÆ∞~°∞=ÙQÍ#∞, K≥H¯˜ à◊§#∞ â◊√„‰õΩxQÍ#∞,
K≥=ÙÅ#∞, ÃÑ^Œ=ÙÅ#∞ ~åǨï=ÙQÍ#∞, <åÅ∞Hõ#∞ |∞^èŒ∞_»∞QÍ#∞ QÆ_»¤=Ú#∞ â◊xQÍ =i‚OK«_»O [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞#flk.
XHõ =ºH˜ÎH˜ *Ï`«Hõ K«„HõOÖ’ â◊x, ‰õΩA_»∞ HõeÜ«Ú@ HÍh, K«∂_»Ñ¨_»_»O HÍh,ѨHõ¯ ѨHõ¯ Wà◊√§Ö’
LO_»_»O QÍh XHõ¯iO\˜Ö’ =∞s XHõ¯~°∞ LO_»∞O_»∞@ QÍh "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞#q =∞# Ü≥ÚHõ¯ =ÚY ™ê=Ú„kOÖ’
K≥ѨC@‰õΩ Hõ#∞flÉÁ=∞‡Å∞ D *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ q∞H˜¯e #Å¡QÍ LO_»∞#∞. ‰õΩ[, ˆH`«∞=ÙÅ∞ Hõeã≤# Hõ#∞flÉÁ=∞‡Å∞
Z~°∞ѨÙQÍ Hõ#|_»∞#∞. ‰õΩA#∞ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ |Å=Ú |\˜ì *Ï`«HõOÖ’ =ºH˜ÎH˜ Hõ#∞ÉÁ=∞‡Å∞ U~°Ê_»∞#∞. ‰õΩ[,
K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ HõÅã≤<å Hõ#∞ ÉÁ=∞‡Å∞ WO„^Œ^èŒ#∞ã¨∞û =O\˜ PHÍ~°OQÍh, K«O„^Œ∞x Ü≥ÚHõ¯ PHÍ~°OQÍx (Arched
Eye brows) ‰õΩ[, ~°q, Hõeã≤<å Straight eye brows ‰õΩ[ ~åǨï=ÙÅ∞ HõÅã≤<å Hõ#∞ÉÁ=∞‡Å∞ X`«∞ÎQÍ,
#Å¡QÍ, QÆrarQÍ LO_»∞#∞. =∞#O ‰õΩA_»∞x =ÚY ™ê=Ú„kHõOÖ’ ÃÑ· K≥Ñ≤Ê# q^èŒOQÍ ^Œ=_», Ѩà◊√§QÍ
=i‚O™êÎ=Ú.

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L^•: ¢ã‘ÎʼnõΩ ‰õΩA_»∞ Éèí~°ÎHÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ JO^Œ∞=Å# P_»"åiH˜ ^Œ=_» ÉèÏQÆO K«∂_»K«Hõ¯x q^èŒOQÍ "≥_»Å∞ÊQÍ L#fl
=∞Ozã≤÷uÖ’ LO_ç Éèí~°Î#∞ á⁄O^Œ_»O [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞#flk.
QÆ=∞xHõ : ÖÏ=ÙQÍ =Ù#fl P_»"åiÖ’ "åiÖ’ Double Chin LO@∞Ok. Double Chin J<Õk P_»"åiH˜
LO_»∞@ =Å# g~°∞ Hõ+¨ì|_»∞@ `«yæOz ã¨∞Y=Ú#∞ HÀ~°∞H˘x J<å~ÀQƺ=ÚáêÅ∞HÍ=Ù@ Éèí~°ÎÅ q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’
J<ÕHõ W|ƒO^Œ∞Å∞ H˘x`≥K«∞ÛH˘#∞@ [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞#flk. W^Õ QÆ_»¤O g∞^Œ ѨÙ@∞ì=∞K«ÛQÍh, w`«Å∞QÍh L#flKÀ
‰õΩA_»∞ *Ï`«HõOÖ’ `«# â◊`«$=Ù „QÆǨÏ=ÚÅÖ’ HõeÜ«Ú@ `«# H˜O^Œ "åih Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ W|ƒOk QÆ∞iKÕÜ«Ú@
"≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞#q =∞#O K«∂_»=K«∞Û. JO`ÕH͉õΩO_® ‰õΩA_»∞ Ѩà◊√§‰õΩ Z=Ú‰õΩʼnõΩ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞, HÍ=Ù# Hõ#∞ÉÁ=∞‡Å
ÃÑ· HÍh, „H˜O^ŒQÍh =~°∞Åg∞^ŒQÍh, ѨÙ@∞ì=∞K«ÛÅ∞, w`«Å∞QÍh U~°Ê_ç<å *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ ™È^Œ~°∞ʼnõΩ ã¨O|OkèOz#,
Éèí∂=ÚʼnõΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞, ÉÏ^èŒÅ‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz, Ѩà◊√§‰õΩ, Z=Ú‰õΩʼnõΩ, HÍ=∂xH˜, ã¨O™ê~åxH˜
¿ã=‰õΩʼnõΩ, â◊H˜Î™ê=∞~°÷ºOʼnõΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ ‰õΩA_»∞ =Å# =∞#O K«∂_»_»O [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞#flk.
D =ÚY™ê=Ú„kHõO QÆ∞iOz <åÜ≥ÚHõ¯ Ô~O_»= ѨÙã¨ÎHõOÖ’ qѨÙÅOQÍ q=i™êÎ#∞.
M.S. DHONI

‰õΩ |∞,~°
7–7–81 ~å, â◊√
ˆH
11:15 ~åOz

â◊x,QÆ∞~°∞
K«O„^Œ

D *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ ^ŒH˜Δ}=Ú# ‰õΩA{â◊x{QÆ∞~°∞{K«O„^Œ{ˆH`«∞ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ HõÅ~ÚHõ KåÖÏ L`«Î=∞"≥∞ÿ# Ü≥∂QÆO

QÍ K≥Ñʨ =K«∞Û. ‰õΩ[{ˆH`«∞´Y_»æ Ü≥∂QÆO, QÆ∞~°∞{K«O„^Œ ´ QÆ[Hˆ ã¨iÜ≥∂QÆO. â◊x {QÆ∞~°∞ ´ ^è~Œ ‡° , Hõ~å‡kèÑu¨ Ü≥∂QÆO.
~åǨï {â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞ ´ ÅH©Δ ‡Ü≥∂QÆO (Hõ~å¯@HõOÖ’) ÃÑ· Ü≥∂QÆ=ÚÅ∞ *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ Q˘Ñ¨Ê™ê÷~ÚH˜KÕiÛ<å~Ú. =$uÎ
HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# â◊xH˜ Ô~O_»= WO\˜Ö’ ~°q, |∞^èŒ∞Å∞ K«∂K«∞@ =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ Govt. `«~°Ñ¨Ù# ѨxKÕÜ«Ú
J=HÍâ◊=Ú. ‰õΩ[{K«O„^Œ´ K«O„^Œ=∞OQÆàÜ ◊ ∂≥ QÆO. P@ʼnõΩ ã¨OÉèOí kèOz# ‰õΩA#‰õΩ, QÆ∞~°∞=Ù 5=™ê÷#O =∞iÜ«Ú
Ѩ~åâ◊~° ã≤^•úO`«O „ѨHÍ~°O 5 P@Å∞ HÍ=Ù# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ Govt. `«~°Ñ¨Ù# P@ʼnõΩ ã¨O|OkèOz Q˘Ñ¨Ê¿Ñ~°∞,
„ѨMϺ`«∞Å∞, |∞[=ÚʼnõΩ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# |∞^èŒ∞_»∞, â◊x Ô~O_»= WO\˜Ö’ LO_»∞@ J#QÍ |∞^èŒ∞, ~°q
ѨtÛ=∞OÖ’ LO_»∞@, â◊xH˜ Ô~O_»= WÅ∞¡ ѨtÛ=∞OÖ’ LO_»∞@ "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ·#q r=‰õΩ_»∞ |∞^èŒHÍ~°Hõ`«fi=ÚÅ∞
J~Ú# Éèí∞[=ÚÅ∞, ~°q HÍ~°Hõ`«fi=ÚÅ∞ J~Ú# „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO ^•fi~å ^èŒ# ã¨O™ê~°O Hõey LO_»∞@ [iyOk.

- 89 -
 A.R Ô~ǨÏ=∂<£

QÆ∞~°∞ ~å
â◊x 1–6–1965
12:45A.M

K«O„^Œ =∞„^•ã¨∞

~°q â◊√,ˆH,|∞ ‰õΩ

D *Ï`«HõOÖ’ ~°q, QÆ∞~°∞Å∞ `«∂~°∞Ê# LO_»∞@ =Å# ~å[, „Ѩ`åѨÜ≥∂QÆO, `≥eq`Õ@Å∞ =∞iÜ«Ú
`Õ[ã¨∞û HÍ~°‰õΩÅ∞ J~Ú# |∞^èŒ, â◊√„‰õΩÅ∞ HõeÜ«Ú@, "å‰õΩ¯#‰õΩ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# |∞^èŒ∞#‰õΩ Ô~O_»= WO\˜Ö’
~°q, QÆ∞~°∞=ÙÅ =Å# J`«x YO~î°OÖ’ =∂^èŒ∞~°ºO, Q“~°=O, â◊xH˜ Ô~O_»= WO\˜x, Hõà◊ʼnõΩ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú#
â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞, "å‰õΩ¯ ã¨fi~°=Ú#‰õΩ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# |∞^èŒ∞_»∞, q^ŒºÖ’ L#fl`« ™ê÷~Úx, ¿Ñ~°∞ „ѨMϺ`«∞Å∞, H©iÎ
„Ѩu+¨ªÅ‰õΩ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# ˆH`«∞=Ù#∞ â◊x #∞Oz Ô~O_»= WÅ∞¡ J~Ú# ‰õΩOÉèíO#∞ 5= ^Œ$+≤ìÖ’ K«∂K«∞@ =Å#
*Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ J`«∞º#fl`«"≥∞ÿ# Ü≥∂QÆ=ÚÅ∞ U~°Ê_ç K«Hõ¯\˜ ã¨Ow`«, HõàÏHÍ~°∞xQÍ ¿Ñ~°∞á⁄O^Œ∞#∞.
X™ê=∂ aÖòÖÏ_≥<£
|∞^èŒ, ˆH`«∞,
~°q â◊√ ‰õΩ
13-5-1957
7.30P.M
iÜ«∂^£ QÆ∞

â◊x ~å, K«O

ÃÑ· *Ï`«Hõ=ÚÅ∞ =∞#ã¨∞ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# K«O„^Œ∞_»∞ ~åǨï=Ù`À HõeÜ«Ú@, ‰õΩAx`À K«∂K«∞@ =Å#
*Ï`«‰õΩx =∞#ã¨∞û „‰õÄ~°=Ú =∞iÜ«Ú ‰õΩ[, K«O„^Œ∞Å =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ ZѨC_»∞ K≥_»∞ „Ѩ=~°Î# QÆÅ J#∞K«~°∞Å`À
ã¨OK«iOK«_»O, ~°q, K«O„^Œ∞Å∞ Z^Œ∞~°∞QÍ LO_»∞@ =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ áœ~°‚q∞<å_»∞ [x‡Oz<å_»∞ Jx HÍ=Ù#
*Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ P"Õâ◊ ѨÓi`« x~°‚Ü«∂Å∞ fã¨∞H˘O\Ï_»∞ Jx K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û.

~°q, ˆH`«∞=ÙÅ =Å# H©iÎ „Ѩu+¨ªÅ∞ (J#QÍ =Úã≤¡OʼnõΩ P~å^èŒ∞º_»∞ HÍ=Ù@) ~°q LK«Û ˆHΔ„`«OÖ’ LO_»∞@
=Å# *Ï`«‰õΩx P`«‡Ãã÷Â~°ºO `å~å™ê÷~ÚÖ’ LO_»∞@. QÆ∞~°∞=Ù#‰õΩ `«~åfiu ˆHΔ„`«=ÚÅÖ’ U „QÆǨÏ=Ú ÖËHõáÈ=Ù@,
q∞„`«„QÆǨÏ=ÚÅ∞ K«∂_»ÖËHõáÈ=_»O =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩx „Ѩ=~°Î# „‰õÄ~°OQÍ =∂i ZO`À =∞Ok =∞~°}=Ú#‰õΩ
HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú<å_»∞ Jx K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û. =$uÎ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# â◊x, L#fl~åt Ô~O_»= ˆHΔ„`«O #∞ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù `«# 5=
^Œ$+≤ìÖ’ K«∂K«∞@ =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ =∞`«=Ú#‰õΩ ã¨OÉèíOkOz =$uÎx KÕѨ>ˇì#∞ Jx K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û.

- 90 -
 =∞¿ÇÏ+πÉÏ|∞
QÆ∞~°∞ Hˆ `«∞
‰õΩ[
09-08-1975 â◊x
7.00 ~°q
=∞„^•ã¨∞ |∞^è,Œ â◊√„Hõ
K«O„^Œ
~å

D *Ï`«HõOÖ’ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù "Õ∞+¨OÖ’ LO_»∞@ =Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ á⁄_»=ÙQÍ#∞, â◊√„Hõ, K«O„^Œ∞Å =Å#
JO^ŒOQÍ#∞, â◊x, ~°q HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å# `«O„_ç Ü≥ÚHõ¯ =$uÎx KÕѨ@∞ì@, ‰õΩ[, ˆH`«∞=ÙÅ HõÅ~ÚHõ =Å#
*Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ "≥ÚO_ç"å_»∞QÍ#∞, =$uÎ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# â◊x #∞Oz Ô~O_»= WÅ∞¡ J#QÍ ã≤OǨÏOÖ’ "å‰õΩ¯#∞
ã¨∂zOK«∞ |∞^èŒ∞_»∞, Hõà◊Å∞ ã¨∂zOK«∞ â◊√„‰õΩ_»∞, P~üì û ã¨∂zOK«∞ K«O„^Œ∞_»∞, QÆ∞~°∞=Ù 5= ^Œ$+≤ì`À K«∂K«∞@
=Å# *Ï`«‰õΩ_»∞ u~°∞QÆ∞ÖËx ã¨∂Ѩ~ü™êì~üQÍ \Ïb=Ù_£Ö’ Z^Œ∞QÆ∞`«∞<åfl_»∞ Jx K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û. JO`ÕHÍHõ QÆ∞~°∞,
â◊√„‰õΩÅ K«∂ѨÙÅ =Å# ÅH©Δ ‡Ü≥∂QÆO, QÆ∞~°∞, |∞^èŒ∞Å K«∂ѨÙ=Å# |∞kú qâı+≤`«Ü≥∂QÆO, QÆ∞~°∞, K«O„^Œ∞Å K«∂ѨÙ
=Å#QÆ[ˆHã¨iÜ≥∂QÆO =∞#O K«∂_»=K«∞Û.

A.P.J. J|∞ÌÖòHõÖÏ"£∞
~åǨï
15-10-1931
QÆ∞
1.15

â◊x K«O â◊√„Hõ,‰õΩ[ |∞, ˆH,~°

D *Ï`«HõOÖ’ K«^Œ∞=Ù‰õΩ HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ LK«ÛÖ’ LO_»∞@ =∞iÜ«Ú |∞^èŒ∞_»∞ ~°q Ü≥ÚHõ¯
_ç„wÅ∞ ^•\˜ Jã¨ÎOQÆ`«ºÜ≥∂QÆO #∞Oz q=ÚH˜Î Ãã·<£û HÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# ˆH`«∞=Ù |∞^èŒ∞x`À HõÅ∞=Ù@,|∞^èŒ∞x
#∞Oz Ô~O_»= WO\˜Ö’ "å‰õΩ¯#∞ ã¨∂zOK«∞@ JO^Œ∞ â◊√„Hõ, ‰õΩAÅ =Å# „ѨÜ≥∂QÆO KÕÜ«Úâ◊H˜Î, Ѩiâ’^èŒ#
™ê÷#O 11= WÅ∞¡ K«∂_» =Öˇ#∞. K«^Œ∞=Ù #∞Oz 11= ™ê÷#OÖ’ QÆ∞~°∞=Ù LO_»∞@ JkÜ«¸ LK«Û ˆHO„^ŒOÖ’
LO_»∞@ *Ï`«‰Ωõ x Ü≥ÚHõ¯ `≥eq`Õ@Å∞ J`«∞º#fl`« ™ê÷~Ú U~°Ê_ç#k. â◊√„‰õΩxH˜ 2,12,5,7,9 â◊√Éè∞í Å∞ ÖËHáõ È=Ù@
=Å# *Ï`«‰õΩxH˜ ã¨O™ê~°Ü≥∂QÆO HõÅQÆÖË^Œ∞. =$uÎHÍ~°‰õΩ_»∞ J~Ú# â◊x #∞Oz Ô~O_»= WÅ∞¡#∞ |∞^èŒ, ˆH`«∞,
~°q HÍ~°}OQÍ „ѨÉèí∞`«fi J^蕺Ѩ‰õΩxQÍ Ñ¨xKÕÜ«∞_»O [iyOk. ~°q, ˆH`«∞=ÙÅ HÍ~°}OQÍ *Ï`«‰õΩx H©iÎ
„Ѩu+¨ªÅ∞ ã¨=∂[OÖ’ qã¨ÎiOKå~Ú.

- 91 -
 â◊x
ã¨O=`«û~°O <≥Å ~ÀA ~åt
1940 [#=i 1 "Õ∞+¨O
1941 E<£ 19 =$+¨ÉOíè
1941 _çÃãO|~ü 15 "Õ∞+¨O
1942 =∂iÛ 4 =$+¨ÉOíè
1943 PQÆ+μ¨ ì 6 q∞^äŒ∞#O
1943 _çÃãO|~ü 17 =$+¨ÉèíO
1944 U„Ñ≤Ü∞« Öò 24 q∞^èŒ∞#O
1945 ÃãÃÑOì |~ü 23 Hõ~å¯@HõO
1945 _çÃãO|~ü 23 q∞^èŒ∞#O
1946 E<£ 9 Hõ~å¯@HõO
1948 EÖˇ· 27 ã≤OǨÏO
1950 ÃãÃÑOì |~ü 21 Hõ#º
1952 #=O|~ü 26 `«∞Å
1953 U„Ñ≤Ü∞« Öò 25 Hõ#º
1953 PQÆ+μ¨ ì 22 `«∞Å
1955 #=O|~ü 13 =$tÛHõO
1958 Ѷ„≤ |=i 9 ^èŒ#ã¨∞û
1958 E<£ 3 =$tÛHõO
1958 #=O|~ü 8 ^èŒ#ã¨∞û
1961 Ѷ„≤ |=i 2 =∞Hõ~°O
1961 ÃãÃÑOì |~ü 18 ^èŒ#ã¨∞û
1961 JHÀì|~ü 8 =∞Hõ~°O
1964 [#=i 28 ‰õΩOÉèíO
1966 U„Ñ≤Ü∞« Öò 9 g∞#O
1966 #=O|~ü 4 ‰õΩOÉèíO
1966 _çÃãO|~ü 20 g∞#O
1968 E<£ 18 "Õ∞+¨O
- 92 -
1968 ÃãÃÑOì |~ü 29 g∞#O
1969 =∂iÛ 8 "Õ∞+¨O
1971 U„Ñ≤Ü∞« Öò 29 =$+¨ÉOíè
1973 E<£ 11 q∞^èŒ∞#O
1975 EÖˇ· 24 Hõ~å¯@HõO
1977 ÃãÃÑOì |~ü 8 ã≤OǨÏO
1979 #=O|~ü 4 Hõ#º
1980 =∂iÛ 16 ã≤OǨÏO
1980 EÖˇ· 28 Hõ#º
1982 JHÀì|~ü 7 `«∞Å
1984 _çÃãO|~ü 22 =$tÛHõO
1985 E<£ 1 `«∞Å
1985 ÃãÃÑOì |~ü 17 =$tÛHõO
1987 _çÃãO|~ü 17 ^èŒ#ã¨∞û
1990 =∂iÛ 21 =∞Hõ~°O
1990 E<£ 21 ^èŒ#ã¨∞û
1990 _çÃãO|~ü 15 =∞Hõ~°O
1993 =∂iÛ 6 ‰õΩOÉèíO
1993 JHÀì|~ü 16 =∞Hõ~°O
1993 #=O|~ü 10 ‰õΩOÉèíO
1995 E<£ 3 g∞#O
1995 PQÆ+μ¨ ì 11 ‰õΩOÉèíO
1996 Ѷ„≤ |=i 17 g∞#O
1998 U„ÃÑÖò 18 "Õ∞+¨O
2000 E<£ 7 =$+¨ÉOíè
2002 EÖˇ· 24 q∞^äŒ∞#O
2003 [#=i 9 =$+¨ÉOíè
2003 U„ÃÑÖò 7 q∞^äŒ∞#O
2004 ÃãÃÑOì |~ü 6 Hõ~å¯@HõO
2005 [#=i 14 q∞^èŒ∞#O
- 93 -
2005 "Õ∞ 27 Hõ~å¯@HõO
2006 #=O|~ü 1 ã≤OǨÏO
2007 [#=i 11 Hõ~å¯@HõO
2007 EÖˇ· 16 ã≤OǨÏO
2009 ÃãÃÑOì |~ü 10 Hõ#º
2011 #=O|~ü 16 `«∞Å
2012 "Õ∞ 16 Hõ#º
2012 PQÆ+μ¨ ì 7 `«∞Å
2014 #=O|~ü 3 =$tÛHõO
2017 [#=i 27 ^èŒ#ã¨∞û
2017 E<£ 22 =$tÛHõO
2017 JHÀì|~ü 27 ^èŒ#ã¨∞û
2020 [#=i 25 =∞Hõ~°O
2022 U„ÃÑÖò 30 ‰õΩOÉèíO
2022 EÖˇ· 13 =∞Hõ~°O
2023 [#=i 18 ‰õΩOÉèíO
2025 =∂iÛ 30 g∞#O
2027 E<£ 21 g∞#O
2027 JHÀì|~ü 24 "Õ∞+¨O
2028 Ѷ„≤ |=i 9 =$+¨ÉOíè
2029 JHÀì|~ü 6 "Õ∞+¨O
2030 U„ÃÑÖò 18 =$+¨ÉOíè
QÆ∞~°∞=Ù
1940 [#=i 1 g∞#O
1940 U„Ñ≤Öò 17 "Õ∞+¨O
1941 U„Ñ≤Öò 27 =$+¨ÉOíè
1942 "Õ∞ 10 q∞^èŒ∞#O
1942 JHÀì|~ü 7 Hõ~å¯@HõO
1942 _çÃãO|~ü 20 q∞^èŒ∞#O

- 94 -
1943 "Õ∞ 28 Hõ~å¯@HõO
1943 JHÀì|~ü 24 ã≤OǨÏO
1944 Ѷ„≤ |=i 5 q∞^èŒ∞#O
1944 E<£ 19 ã≤OǨÏO
1944 #=O|~ü 19 Hõ#º
1945 =∂iÛ 10 ã≤OǨÏO
1945 EÖˇ· 19 Hõ#º
1945 _çÃãO|~ü 20 `«∞Å
1946 U„Ñ≤Öò 9 Hõ#º
1946 PQÆ+μ¨ ì 19 `«∞Å
1947 [#=i 18 =$tÛHõO
1947 "Õ∞ 12 `«∞Å
1947 #=O|~ü 18 =$tÛHõO
1948 Ѷ„≤ |=i 12 ^èŒ#ã¨∞û
1948 E<£ 23 =$tÛHõO
1948 JHÀì|~ü 8 ^èŒ#ã¨∞û
1949 =∂iÛ 1 =∞Hõ~°O
1949 PQÆ+μ¨ ì 28 ^èŒ#ã¨∞û
1949 JHÀì|~ü 12 =∞Hõ~°O
1950 =∂iÛ 14 ‰õΩOÉèíO
1951 =∂iÛ 24 g∞#O
1952 U„Ñ≤Ü∞« Öò 1 "Õ∞+¨O
1953 U„Ñ≤Ü∞« Öò 10 =$+¨ÉOíè
1953 PQÆ+μ¨ ì 31 q∞^èŒ∞#O
1953 _çÃãO|~ü 1 =$+¨ÉèíO
1954 U„Ñ≤Ü∞« Öò 20 q∞^èŒ∞#O
1954 PQÆ+μ¨ ì 10 Hõ~å¯@HõO
1955 [#=i 29 q∞^èŒ∞#O
1955 "Õ∞ 4 Hõ~å¯@HõO
1955 JHÀì|~ü 2 ã≤OǨÏO
- 95 -
1956 =∂iÛ 15 Hõ~å¯@HõO
1956 "Õ∞ 23 ã≤OǨÏO
1956 JHÀì|~ü 29 Hõ#º
1957 U„Ñ≤Ü∞« Öò 19 ã≤OǨÏO
1957 E<£ 20 Hõ#º
1957 #=O|~ü 29 `«∞Å
1958 "Õ∞ 18 Hõ#º
1958 EÖˇ· 22 `«∞Å
1958 _çÃãO|~ü 29 =$tÛHõO
1959 E<£ 23 `«∞Å
1959 PQÆ+μ¨ ì 18 =$tÛHõO
1960 [#=i 23 ^èŒ#ã¨∞û
1961 Ѷ„≤ |=i 11 =∞Hõ~°O
1962 Ѷ„≤ |=i 25 ‰õΩOÉèíO
1963 =∂iÛ 8 g∞#O
1964 =∂iÛ 15 "Õ∞+¨O
1964 PQÆ+μ¨ ì 4 =$+¨ÉOíè
1964 JHÀì|~ü 27 "Õ∞+¨O
1965 =∂iÛ 22 =$+¨ÉOíè
1965 PQÆ+μ¨ ì 6 q∞^èŒ∞#O
1966 [#=i 10 =$+¨ÉOíè
1966 =∂iÛ 24 q∞^èŒ∞#O
1966 PQÆ+μ¨ ì 22 Hõ~å¯@HõO
1967 ÃãÃÑOì |~ü 15 ã≤OǨÏO
1968 JHÀì|~ü 13 Hõ#º
1969 #=O|~ü 12 `«∞Å
1970 _çÃãO|~ü 12 =$tÛHõO
1972 [#=i 7 ^èŒ#ã¨∞û
1973 [#=i 26 =∞Hõ~°O

- 96 -
1974 Ѷ„≤ |=i 10 ‰õΩOÉèíO
1975 Ѷ„≤ |=i 20 g∞#O
1975 EÖˇ· 19 "Õ∞+¨O
1975 ÃãÃÑOì |~ü 11 g∞#O
1976 Ѷ„≤ |=i 26 "Õ∞+¨O
1976 EÖˇ· 9 =$+¨ÉOíè
1976 _çÃãO|~ü 9 "Õ∞+¨O
1977 Ѷ„≤ |=i 23 =$+¨ÉOíè
1977 EÖˇ· 19 q∞^èŒ∞#O
1978 PQÆ+μ¨ ì 6 Hõ~å¯@HõO
1979 PQÆ+μ¨ ì 30 ã≤OǨÏO
1980 ÃãÃÑOì |~ü 27 Hõ#º
1981 JHÀì|~ü 28 `«∞Å
1982 #=O|~ü 27 =$tÛHõO
1983 _çÃãO|~ü 22 ^èŒ#ã¨∞û
1985 [#=i 11 =∞Hõ~°O
1986 [#=i 26 ‰õΩOÉèíO
1987 Ѷ„≤ |=i 3 g∞#O
1987 E<£ 17 "Õ∞+¨O
1987 JHÀì|~ü 26 g∞#O
1988 Ѷ„≤ |=i 3 "Õ∞+¨O
1988 E<£ 20 =$+¨ÉOíè
1989 EÖˇ· 2 q∞^èŒ∞#O
1990 EÖˇ· 21 Hõ~å¯@HõO
1991 PQÆ+μ¨ ì 15 ã≤OǨÏO
1992 ÃãÃÑOì |~ü 12 Hõ#º
1993 JHÀì|~ü 13 `«∞Å
1994 #=O|~ü 12 =$tÛHõO
1995 _çÃãO|~ü 8 ^èŒ#ã¨∞û

- 97 -
1996 _çÃãO|~ü 27 =∞Hõ~°O
1998 [#=i 9 ‰õΩOÉèíO
1998 "Õ∞ 26 g∞#O
1998 ÃãÃÑOì |~ü 11 ‰õΩOÉèOí
1999 [#=i 13 g∞#O
1999 "Õ∞ 27 "Õ∞+¨O
2000 E<£ 3 =$+¨ÉOíè
2001 E<£ 17 q∞^èŒ∞#O
2002 EÖˇ· 6 Hõ~å¯@HõO
2003 EÖˇ· 31 ã≤OǨÏO
2004 PQÆ+μ¨ ì 28 Hõ#º
2005 ÃãÃÑOì |~ü 28 `«∞Å
2006 JHÀì|~ü 28 =$tÛHõO
2007 #=O|~ü 22 ^èŒ#ã¨∞û
2008 _çÃãO|~ü 10 =∞Hõ~°O
2009 "Õ∞ 2 ‰õΩOÉèOí
2009 EÖˇ· 31 =∞Hõ~°O
2009 _çÃãO|~ü 20 ‰õΩOÉèíO
2010 "Õ∞ 3 g∞#O
2010 #=O|~ü 2 ‰õΩOÉèíO
2010 _çÃãO|~ü 6 g∞#O
2011 "Õ∞ 9 "Õ∞+¨O
2012 "Õ∞ 18 =$+¨ÉOíè
2013 E<£ 1 q∞^èŒ∞#O
2014 E<£ 20 Hõ~å¯@HõO
2015 EÖˇ· 14 ã≤OǨÏO
2016 PQÆ+μ¨ ì 12 Hõ#º
2017 ÃãÃÑOì |~ü 13 `«∞Å
2018 JHÀì|~ü 12 =$tÛHõO

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2019 =∂iÛ 30 ^èŒ#ã¨∞û
2019 U„Ñ≤Ü∞« Öò 23 =$tÛHõO
2019 #=O|~ü 5 ^èŒ#ã¨∞û
2020 =∂iÛ 30 =∞Hõ~°O
2020 EÖˇ· 1 ^èŒ#ã¨∞û
2020 #=O|~ü 21 =∞Hõ~°O
2021 U„Ñ≤Ü∞« Öò 6 ‰õΩOÉèOí
2022 U„Ñ≤Ü∞« Öò 4 g∞#O
2023 U„Ñ≤Ü∞« Öò 22 "Õ∞+¨O
2024 "Õ∞ 2 =$+¨ÉOíè
2025 "Õ∞ 15 q∞^èŒ∞#O
2025 JHÀì|~ü 19 Hõ~å¯@HõO
2025 #=O|~ü 6 q∞^èŒ∞#O`«
2026 E<£ 2 Hõ~å¯@HõO
2026 #=O|~ü 1 ã≤OǨÏO
2027 [#=i 25 Hõ~å¯@HõO
2027 E<£ 26 ã≤OǨÏO
2027 #=O|~ü 27 Hõ#º
2028 Ѷ„≤ |=i 29 ã≤OǨÏO
2028 EÖˇ· 25 Hõ#º
2028 _çÃãO|~ü 27 `«∞Å
2029 =∂iÛ 30 Hõ#º
2029 PQÆ+μ¨ ì 25 `«∞Å
2030 [#=i 25 =$tÛHõO
2030 "Õ∞ 2 `«∞Å

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90 ã¨O=`«û~åÅ ~åǨï=Ù, ˆH`«∞=ÙÅ∞ ѨOKåOQÆO „ѨHÍ~°O ã¨OK«iOK«∞ q^è•#=Ú
ã¨O=`«û~°O <≥Å ~ÀA ~åǨï=Ù ˆH`«∞=Ù
1940 [#=i 1 `«∞Å "Õ∞+¨O
1940 [#=i 31 Hõ#º g∞#O
1941 PQÆ+μ¨ ì 13 ã≤OǨÏO ‰õΩOÉèíO
1943 U„Ñ≤Ü∞« Öò 17 Hõ~å¯@HõO =∞Hõ~°O
1944 JHÀì|~ü 17 q∞^èŒ∞#O ^èŒ#ã¨∞û
1946 U„Ñ≤Ü∞« Öò 8 =$+¨ÉOíè =$tÛHõO
1947 _çÃãO|~ü 20 "Õ∞+¨O `«∞Å
1949 E<£ 25 g∞#O Hõ#º
1950 _çÃãO|~ü 22 ‰õΩOÉèíO ã≤OǨÏO
1952 E<£ 16 =∞Hõ~O° Hõ~å¯@HõO
1954 Ѷ„≤ |=i 27 ^èŒ#ã¨∞û q∞^èŒ∞#O
1955 ÃãÃÑOì |~ü 4 =$tÛHõO =$+¨ÉOíè
1957 Ѷ„≤ |=i 24 `«∞Å "Õ∞+¨O
1958 PQÆ+μ¨ ì 28 Hõ#º g∞#O
1960 "Õ∞ 8 ã≤OǨÏO ‰õΩOÉèíO
1961 #=O|~ü 10 Hõ~å¯@HõO =∞Hõ~°O
1963 "Õ∞ 2 q∞^èŒ∞#O ^èŒ#ã¨∞û
1964 #=O|~ü 9 =$+¨ÉOíè =$tÛHõO
1966 EÖˇ· 20 "Õ∞+¨O `«∞Å
1968 [#=i 14 g∞#O Hõ#º
1969 EÖˇ· 10 ‰õΩOÉèíO `«∞Å
1971 =∂iÛ 15 =∞Hõ~°O Hõ~å¯@HõO
1972 ÃãÃÑOì |~ü 27 ^èŒ#ã¨∞û q∞^èŒ∞#O
1974 =∂iÛ 20 =$tÛHõO =$+¨ÉOíè
1975 ÃãÃÑOì |~ü 18 `«∞Å "Õ∞+¨O
1977 "Õ∞ 30 Hõ#º g∞#O
1978 _çÃãO|~ü 3 ã≤OǨÏO ‰õΩOÉèíO
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ã¨O=`«û~°O <≥Å ~ÀA ~åǨï=Ù ˆH`«∞=Ù
1980 "Õ∞ 27 Hõ~å¯@HõO =∞Hõ~°O
1981 #=O|~ü 25 q∞^èŒ∞#O ^èŒ#ã¨∞û
1983 PQÆ+μ¨ ì 14 =$+¨ÉOíè =$tÛHõO
1985 Ѷ„≤ |=i 5 "Õ∞+¨O `«∞Å
1986 PQÆ+μ¨ ì 5 g∞#O Hõ#º
1988 Ѷ„≤ |=i 2 ‰õΩOÉèíO ã≤OǨÏO
1989 JHÀì|~ü 23 =∞Hõ~°O Hõ~å¯@HõO
1991 U„Ñ≤Ü∞« Öò 12 ^èŒ#ã¨∞û q∞^èŒ∞#O
1992 JHÀì|~ü 11 =$tÛHõO =$+¨ÉOíè
1994 E<£ 9 `«∞Å "Õ∞+¨O
1995 _çÃãO|~ü 28 Hõ#º g∞#O
1997 E<£ 20 ã≤OǨÏO ‰õΩOÉèíO
1998 JHÀì|~ü 17 Hõ~å¯@HõO =∞Hõ~°O
2000 ÃãÃÑOì |~ü 2 q∞^èŒ∞#O ^èŒ#ã¨∞û
2002 =∂iÛ 2 =$+¨ÉOíè =$tÛHõO
2003 PQÆ+μ¨ ì 29 "Õ∞+¨O ã≤OǨÏO
2005 Ѷ„≤ |=i 22 g∞#O Hõ#º
2006 #=O|~ü 13 ‰õΩOÉèíO ã≤OǨÏO
2008 "Õ∞ 6 =∞Hõ~O° Hõ~å¯@HõO
2009 #=O|~ü 4 ^èŒ#ã¨∞û q∞^èŒ∞#O
2011 "Õ∞ 4 =$tÛHõO =$+¨ÉOíè
2013 [#=i 15 `«∞Å g∞+¨O
2014 EÖˇ· 15 Hõ#º g∞#O
2016 [#=i 9 ã≤OǨÏO ‰õΩOÉèíO
2017 ÃãÃÑOì |~ü 15 Hõ~å¯@HõO =∞Hõ~°O
2019 =∂iÛ 26 q∞^èŒ∞#O ^èŒ#ã¨∞û
2020 ÃãÃÑOì |~ü 22 =$+¨ÉOíè =$tÛHõO
2023 _çÃãO|~ü 1 g∞#O Hõ#º
2025 E<£ 2 ‰õΩOÉèíO ã≤OǨÏO
2026 _çÃãO|~ü 27 =∞Hõ~°O Hõ~å¯@HõO
2028 "Õ∞ 25 ^èŒ#ã¨∞û q∞^èŒ∞#O
2030 Ѷ„≤ |=i 7 =$tÛHõO =$+¨ÉOíè

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 ѨijeOz# „QÆO^ä•Å∞
1. Brugunandi Nadi

2. Essence of Nadi Astrology

3. Bruhat Nadi

4. Kasyapa Hora

5. Brugunadi Articles - Written by R.G. Rao, Bangalore.

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