Earthing

1. Generally earthing is provided for

a. only for the safety of b. only for the safety of the c. both (A) and (B) d none of the above
the equipment operating personnel .
2. What is the main reason for connecting electrical equipment to the earth?
a. To prevent power b. To improve equipment c. To provide a path for d To reduce energy
outages efficiency electric current . consumption

3. Which type of earthing is commonly used for residential buildings?

a. Plate Earthing b. Rod Earthing c. Pipe Earthing d Strip Earthing
.
4. Which material is commonly used for making earth electrodes?
a. Aluminium b. Copper c. Steel d Iron
.
5. Which of the following is an advantage of using a mesh grounding system?
a. Decreased surface area b. Increased risk of c. Improved safety for d Reduced ground fault
for better conductivity corrosion maintenance . protection
personnel
6. What is the primary purpose of a low voltage earthing system?
a. To protect against b. To protect against c. To minimize d To reduce energy
lightning strikes electrical shocks electromagnetic . consumption
interference
7. What is the purpose of equipotential bonding?
a. To minimize the risk b. To protect against c. To measure soil d To minimize
of electric shock lightning strikes resistivity . electromagnetic
interference
8. What is the purpose of a surge protection device?
a. To minimize the risk b. To protect against c. To measure soil d
To minimize
of electric shock lightning strikes resistivity .
electromagnetic
interference
9. What is the purpose of connecting the neutral point of a transformer to earth in a TN earthing system?
a. To protect against b. To provide a low c. To reduce energy d To minimize
electrical shocks resistance path for consumption . electromagnetic
fault currents interference
10. In ……the connection to the supply source is connected directly to the earth
a. TN-C b. TN-S c. IT d TT
.
11. Which type of earthing system is commonly used in rural areas where the soil resistivity is high?
a. TN system b. TT system c. IT system d None of the above
.
12. What is the purpose of a fault current limiter?
a. To protect against b. To limit the amount of c. To measure soil d To protect against
electrical shocks fault current in the resistivity . lightning strikes
earthing system
13. What is the measure of how well the soil conducts electricity?
a. Earth resistance b. Soil resistivity c. Earth leakage d Ground fault
current .
14. Which type of earthing system is commonly used in ships and marine applications?
a. TN system b. TT system c. IT system d None of the above
.
15. Which method can be used to measure soil resistivity?
a. Ohmmeter method b. Kelvin bridge method c. Wenner method d All of the above
.
16. What is the primary reason for using earthing grids in substations?
a. To improve aesthetic b. To increase the risk of c. To enhance voltage d To achieve low earth
appeal electric shock fluctuations . resistance

17. What is the term used to describe the voltage difference between the earth's surface and an electrical system's
grounding point?
a. Earth voltage b. Residual voltage c. Ground potential d Static potential
difference .
18. What is the purpose of a step potential test?
a. To measure soil b. To test the c. To detect and d To protect against
resistivity performance of the locate faults in the . lightning strikes
earth electrode system
19. In………...system, the LV side of the transformer is either left unearthed or earthed with large impedance.
a. TT b. IT c. TN-C d TN-S
.
20. In………...system, there is one cable acts as neutral and earth.
a. TT b. IT c. TN-C d TN-S
.
21. In………...system, there are two separate cables for neutral and earth
a. TT b. IT c. TN-C d TN-S
.
22. It is preferable to use………...system for systems which need continuous supply such as: hospitals and
banks.
a. TT b. IT c. TN-C d TN-S
.
23. The best earthing system considering the safety of human and equipment is:
a. TT b. IT c. TN-C d TN-S
.
24. The best earthing system considering the availability of electric power is:
a. TT b. IT c. TN-C d TN-S
.
25. The worst earthing system considering protection against fire is:
a. TT b. IT c. TN-C d TN-S
.
26. When a fault occurs but the system can continue to operate without interruption. Such a fault is referred
to as a ……….
a. First fault b. Current leakage c. Second fault d Normal fault
.
27. What are the advantages of an IT earthing system compared to a TN earthing system?
a. Enhanced safety b. Simplified installation c. Lower installation d Higher level of fault
against electric process cost . tolerance
shock
28. What are the disadvantages of an IT earthing system compared to a TN earthing system?
a. Increased b. Limited protection c. Reduced reliability d Limited availability in
complexity and cost against electric shock and increased risk . remote areas
of electric shock
29. What does "soil resistivity" refer to in the context of an earthing system?
a. The resistance of the b. The resistance of the c. The resistance of the d The resistance of the
grounding electrode conductor soil to electric current . earth's crust

30. Which unit is commonly used to express soil resistivity?

a. Ohm b. Volt c. Ohm-meter d Ampere
.
31. What property of soil affects its resistivity?
a. Density b. Color c. Moisture content d Thickness
.
32. In general, how does an increase in soil resistivity affect the overall performance of an earthing system?
a. Improves system b. Decreases system c. Has no impact d Increases the risk of
efficiency efficiency . electrical hazards

33. What type of soil generally has the lowest resistivity?

a. Sandy soil b. Clay soil c. Rocky soil d Dry soil
.
34. Why is it important to measure soil resistivity for earthing system design?
a. To determine the cost b. To calculate the current c. To ensure compliance d To optimize the
of the earthing system capacity of the conductors with environmental . performance of the
regulations earthing system
35. Which test method is commonly used to measure soil resistivity?
a. Voltage measurement b. Current measurement c. Earth resistance d Wenner four-pin
measurement . method
36. How does the resistivity of soil change with increasing moisture content?
a. Increases b. Decreases c. Stays constant d Varies randomly
.
37. Which of the following is NOT a factor that can influence soil resistivity?
a. Temperature b. Soil type c. Depth of the d Soil color
groundwater table .
38. How does the resistivity of rocky soil typically compare to that of moist clay soil?
a. Rocky soil has higher b. Rocky soil has lower c. Both have similar d Resistivity depends
resistivity resistivity resistivity . only on soil type

39. What is the primary purpose of using backfill material around grounding electrodes in an earthing system?
a. To increase the b. To improve the c. To reduce the risk of d To lower the resistance
resistivity of the soil appearance of the corrosion . of the electrode-soil
electrode interface
40. How does the presence of salt or moisture in soil affect its resistivity?
a. Decreases resistivity b. Increases resistivity c. Has no effect on d Causes resistivity to
resistivity . fluctuate
41. Which material is often used as a low-resistivity backfill around grounding electrodes?
a. Sand b. Gravel c. Bentonite d Concrete
.
42. What should be checked during a visual inspection of an earthing system?
a. Soil pH b. Soil color c. Corrosion, physical d Soil resistivity
damage, and loose .
connections
43. What are the disadvantages of chemical rods :
a. Chemicals b. Scheduled replacement c. May contaminate d All of the above
concentrated may be. the water table. .
around electrodes
will cause corrosion
required.
44. Which type of earthing is suitable for rocky areas?
a. Plate Earthing b. Rod Earthing c. Pipe Earthing d Strip Earthing
.
45. What is the standard color code for identifying an earth wire in electrical installations?
a. Red b. Blue c. Green d Yellow
.

46. What is the primary reason for using earthing grids in substations?
a. To improve aesthetic b. To increase the risk of c. To enhance voltage d To achieve low earth
appeal electric shock fluctuations . resistance

47. The most common earthing system in Egypt is:

a. TT b. IT c. TN-C d TN-S
.
48. What is the primary function of an earth fault relay?
a. To protect against b. To reduce energy c.To detect and d To protect against
electrical shocks consumption isolate earth faults . lightning strikes
in the system
49. According to fig (1) below: The following system is a……… system
a. TT b. IT c. TN-C d TN-S
.
50. According to fig (2) below: The following system is a……… system
a. TT b. IT c. TN-C d TN-S
.

Fig (1) Fig (2)