A Reading on

PLACENTA PREVIA

A Journal Reading Presented to the Faculty of San Pedro College

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in NCM 207 - RLE

DELIVERY ROOM ROTATION

Submitted to:

Rizza Lei A. Loreto, RN

Clinical Instructor

Submitted by:

Immanuel John G. Jurilla, St. N

BSN 2L – GROUP 4

October 29, 2022

Title: Evaluation of the Risk Factors for Antepartum Hemorrhage in Cases of
Placenta Previa: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Bibliography:
Kuribayashi, M., Tsuda, H., Ito, Y., Ando, T., Tezuka, A., Tamakoshi, K., &
Mizuno, K. (2021, November 11). Evaluation of the risk factors for
antepartum hemorrhage in cases of placenta previa: a retrospective cohort
study. Retrieved October 26, 2022, from SAGE Journals website:
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/03000605211054706

Summary:
The journal is about a retrospective cohort study which aims to examine the
risk factors for antepartum hemorrhage (APH) in women with placenta previa.
Around 4 out of 1000 pregnancies have placenta previa and more than half of
these pregnancies experience APH. A systematic review also revealed that
women with placenta previa are at greater risk of preterm delivery. A
retrospective cohort study is a method in which the researchers study a group of
similar individuals exposed to a common factor based on a past events or
documentations. Medical records of 223 women with singleton pregnancies with
placenta previa present between the dates of January 2009 and July 2018. Out
of the 223 women included in the study, 130 or equivalent to 55.8% had APH. In
the APH group, the neonatal birth weight and gestational age were significantly
lower compared to the no hemorrhage group. The study revealed two important
findings. First, APH affected perinatal outcomes because it led to preterm
delivery. Second, women who were younger than 30 years old with a history of
vaginal delivery had the greatest risk of experiencing APH. In the latter part of the
paper, the authors stated that there were limitations to the present study, namely
retrospective design and the relatively low number of patients with cesarean
deliveries in both groups. Another is that data regarding a history of abortion,
smoking, hypertension, and time interval between pregnancies were not included
in this study. The authors explained that further studies are necessary and hope
that these issues can be made clear in the future.
Reaction:
The authors aimed to evaluate the factors that increase the risk of
antepartum hemmorage for cases of placenta and was able to identify two major
factors, both were important and relevant. There were however, limitations to the
study but despite these, I believe that they still delivered a valuable conclusion so
I personally agree with this journal. Some insights and realizations that I had
while reading the journal was that placenta previa occurs quite more frequently
than I expected, my prior assumption was that it was a pretty rare case only
occuring in about one in ten thousands, but I was proven wrong. I was also
presented a good amount of results which I can definitely use in my future career
of nursing such as the risk factors that increase the chance of antepartum
hemmorage.

I personally have no prior experience or exposure to any case of placenta

previa and have only come to know about it through our lessons and some
personal researching. With my journey through researching this case, I
discovered how dangerous this case can be if not found out about earlier, that is
why prenatal check ups are essential for the health and safety of the mother and
baby. The journal has a positive effect to it’s readers since it gives more
knowledge about placenta previa, its prevalence, and the factors that increase
the risk if it leading to antepartum hemmorage. This giving of knowledge will
provide more awareness about placenta previa and thus making it a bit more
significant as a dangerous case. One negative effect that the journal can give
though is that it doesn’t give the most precise data due to the lack of resources
as stated by the authors but other than this, there is nothing else I can think of.

This journal can have significant implications for nurses since it provides
good researched information about the risk factors for antepartum hemorrhage in
cases of placenta previa and then evaluating these factors. The knowledge
provided about the two important results from the study can be used as a basis
for all nurses dealing with the same cohort which are the pregnant women with
placenta previa at risk for antepartum hemmorage. With this information, nurses
are able to better serve and care for these pregnant women.