Date Performed: February 16, 2023

Date Submitted: February 28, 2023

University of Eastern Philippines

University Town, Northern Samar
web: uep.edu.ph; email: uepnsofficial@gmail.com
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Mechanical Engineering Department

Submitted to:

Engr. Constantine F. Merida

Instructor
 Faculty, ME Department
Laboratory Exercise No. 4

PROPERTIES OF SOLID FUELS

0BJECTIVES:

To determine the proximate analysis and the heating value of the solid fuel.

THEORY AND ANALYSIS:

Engines may be operated using solid fuels. Solid fuels for internal-combustion

engines are converted first into gaseous forms outside the engine in a separate gas

producer and the engine simply works as a gas engine. Before these fuels are used,

they are thoroughly filtered; however, there is still a problem in using these fuels since

they affect the engine parts, due to the abrasive action of the particles.

There are two types of solid fuel analysis—the proximate and the ultimate.

Proximate analysis comprises the four constituents; volatile matter, fixed carbon,

moisture, and ash. The ultimate analysis determines the percentage of carbon,

hydrogen, oxygen and sulfur content of the fuel.

APPARATUS:

1. Weighing balance sensitive to 1/1000 of the amount weighed.

2. Porcelain crucible.

3. No. 5 Meker burner

SET-UP of the EXPERIMENT:

PROCEDURE:

A. Volatile Matter

1. Weigh a gram sample of coal in a crucible with cover.

2. Place this on the No. 5 Meker burner and ignite for 7 minutes (highly volatile

coals should be preheated).

3. Without disturbing the cover, transfer the crucible to a desiccator after it has

cooled below redness, then weigh when cooled. Loss of weight, minus moisture,

results in the degree of volatility of matter.

4. Record all results on the data sheet.

B. Ash

1. Weigh 1 gm of coal in a crucible without cover. If the moisture sample is use for

this determination, it must be subjected to preliminary heating for about 15

minutes to expel the volatile matter.

2. Place the crucible in the burner for ignition up to a certain temperature. Stir coal

continuously until all the carbon particles disappear.

3. Cool in a desiccator, and weigh.

4. Continue alternate heatings and weighings until the weight is constant.

5. Record all the results on the data sheet.

DATA SHEET:
FUEL TYPICAL PERCENT HIGHER
SAMPLE MOISTURE FIXED VOLATILE ASH HEATING
CARBON MATTER VALUE

CONCLUSIONS: