E “toh” SES SNS ARERR Ses oe Ee ae Athi smesanep, eS ‘4oF" SESS TP thx Fit RAPRER GAODENG SHUXUE ERAS MBERAES ARRAS BS GRE) BER, MRE LR SBS REBAR, ARR RS TARAANEER RRS RE RK", CPHSRRL ARS SWE eA. ARETE “BERR. BUTEA. TB” BER, BAIR PRS HIE NL, aE. RAED R ERIN ES ee HL; NSRNXFRA, ISM RAUT FIR: THANE RTE, AMA TSR. EM. ORAM ETS th, ATARI T A TO see, WOE Mba a Bae ARS. FURR, PCLT BS RAL. STC SOTERA, EAU HAR SH, ATRMGAS, B AENAADEE SRA. FAS ERR ACC TP) ae BPE. PUR AE RCE RMA. 7 Hl. -- AGRE SEBO th Wit 2014.7 ISBN 978 -7 -04 -039662 -1 LO 0.Ob- MOR Fae - EE - #0 =W.@013 Bac Ac Ly CIP HE KF (2014) 58 099714 ui Ew Eat AISI Ener Ree Mt WRIT HO BE AP REM RAL LMA Aba ACH FA it http://www, hep, edu. en th th eat ea S http://www. hep. com. en viet 100120 PAL iTHS hnps//www. landrace. com BWA) PARAL GCE) Es AORN hitp://www. landraco. com. en FF 787mm x960mm 1/16 Bh ie 23 We ek 1978 TF 10 91 RE F he Ty 2014 7 IST HR WA 01D - 58581118 Fe told 8 ABI CET riweis 400-810 -0598 eff 31.20% Acar RO. 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WP TAT AR AY HH TT BA a BE a EE (218) TT AR AS HT WitB (219) AM 11 -4(222) xt AB br BY HH Tf FB Nes £8 4 eaIROW aS aaa & ERIERE- AER aint « Mee! Hate abs woNURS oo geaeneme nem ssn DIS — . Ret Ae fas A BA A AB oS SE (223) AS as BY nin . PUSS HH RT AA Sd Te) AE R229) > AA 11 - 5 (231) RK AE HUE . wae viramain. B3Y =) nase “TE AL Hh 9 HT RS & HY BF (236 ) = MSE (237) BH 11 - 6 (239) Wi BEM A * Rit at 5 he vs 240 — FEDER SK (240) =, 28 fa th Be A a 5B BFK AY A A (244) "S. Wit at WEE (246) = YR 11 - 7( 248) —, gtonmsta meso — , WOR AR HY BEAR YE JiR (254 ) “=, fy a UH ( 257) J «12 - 1 (258) —. TER BE (259), BER BE BLK (265) =. HOTS FRE BE ( 266)” PH ah fc Be Ie Be A HE J ( 268 ) >J fl 12 -2(271) — PR BER (272), FE BOR OW HE (273) = BM iH (278) > MH 12 -3( 281) 7] ffl 12 - 4( 289) Oe 9 ME *- 290 Bh —. EWI (290) 2) Hi 12 - 5 (298) =. 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LL A WEA BW OG eR BR BR Peo A Ta EC feAB (18 -1). At AS (8 ot EEE Anis) A EL, ON aw VF aT FOS. eS Do Va aE, HG Tg A DG (A OE GB BAK, -TtHSBAWEAANMEASK) SLARSHEREK WFO (ay EASE YEE EAB AN A TA, FALE Eb PRA) Se AEE A ak, 39 33 at a RE Jes TE A), DA AN A TT AR ie E Be EAT Do. 4588 BS AK 9 Tt, BT Le IE gh FRAC A ea, LL BN Lo A BOK AE, Be Tae Fe), ATR BE EE @ A EASE AY THE @ = BREIL, AL Bh AEE LHS EE HY. Fa) HL AY AC AS AB a HEY TEA ae AL A ABE ACU HCL PE LAB La LAL a. H#s-1 «J»BAB OPSKRSS le RAIL BST 1 HHRMA OR. MSPS ME ice 0 KO. Sia RORAMASREA COW MTU REE. A BUSES fat ab AERA Ma — Hh O, fe OA = 0,08 =), MER o HY ZAOB (it p= ZAOB 0OMNS atl, 4A O0, APU ale, & e, WHA), Bllale, 5a WTA. MAlale, WE lalle,|=lal-1=lal, Bllale, 5a wy pet aH lel, Alok, a=lale,. FETE , 4 AO, a. Aik, LAUER a_i AA a TT = @,: KAA — PA RIE 09 8 0 ce FD A 5 oo GE, PAM HR AT Fl RB BLE BS GRA. WA £821 BHBa40 Nass FFF o MEPLEREE: GERMS A, b =Aa. TE AEE 6S JE RB, TF TIE A EB DE . ba wil = 121% 6 5 @ OT A HEM, Mb a IT A Be ffi, IAT b = Aa. EW AI 65 Ae Fla, A taal = lal lal = eth) = 101, lal BEIM A HOME —HE. BL = Aa, MBL b = pa, PELOHTIR HEA (A -p)a=0,SAB PBKRSS RTL BIA -wllal =0. Alal 40,a€1A -wl =0,B0 A =p. se BREE. EE | EB IO GE. RAN A. AEA — TO RK BE BLA 7 SCH. th FA Co EE 1 THA, VAT PUKE, Al AeE-T AR oO fF —7\ 6 i 1a aT RH. BAO a 8-9 (alk i aE TBR Ox (8 - 9), EFM LAE — AP. aE — EOP, th F OP // i, RAAB SES 1 WNT OE — AY SOB 2 OP = xi (EAB x OY AL EL TR ER OP HOME) FE MOP 5 9B x —— Ht ML. PE sh P+ [a ROP = xis > LH x, JTL EA P SSR x A—— MAIER. te EI EP AAR. Fir JH BY a1 ANE at P AOAB A x AY FED BER OE OP = xi. =. SARAMRA eS REA OM= TAPE Ai. jk HE TH RABY Oy A AR Po CEL) yA) COREE) PRA. CATR — TAS EL AIR PON Oye WHR OLA] EER (PRL 8 — 10). ih SEE 2 AN Ay AA BE PE oA TSA AAR ATE iH FAS PAI A 2 AS AE ATE DL fe ‘pe a] TE Ta) y NES , ACHES OT Dd BE 2 AGE Fe, QP) 8 — 11. Zz 8-10 8-11 = Fe Ae bn HP AE EB RT Ae — OF BRE EB = OF BK Ab top aL. ac A Bey SN FT We AAS as TT A Oy TT 3 Sey AAR 2 ANA 2 A “6.S-P ABRAM AH Be x Sah Bir iE B19 A TB, AY fie Oz Ti zOx Ti. = 4S AB be AE 2 Vd od BBY , 2 — BB PY fH — TS EMR. Fl, fe xOy TA AL yOz Ta AAT 20x TH I BY HB AS Eh Be OH (HC 35 — Eb OR, EC BS — SS ED OR Ze Oy HAY LE 7, PET Et Tr [nl i ze. oA Ti 22 /V EPR HE xOy THAN FT, ASSIS FAY Sh BR, Fe BAAS ETT We) WE ON ER ASE IT LD LO LV.V MWe (A 8-12). fE A LE AT HELA, M, (OM =r. LL OM xt fA = AA bp HW BR TE KK Ti tk RHMK - OPNQ , WEA 8 -13 Fra, r=0M = OP +PN+NM = OP +00 +0R, OP = xi, 00 =f, OR = zk, bil r= OM =xi + yj + 2k. ESRPRA Ty at BY) AB RD SR ER i og A zk AR fe) tor YG SAS he 7 (el 8-12 #8 -13 BOR Ae mE r, PNG TM ROP.OG OR= 4 aR, HEM MVE Tx, y2 PARAS WES PAM oy 2 RE Tt SAM. FAR M tor GSP APR xy 2 ZA —— MMAR M «+r =OM = xi + yj + 2k —> (x,y,z), Hi EAL PB xy 2 OW Er (HERR Oxyz Hh) ABR, IME r= (x,y,z) AIPM y 2 ULB OM (AEMAR AR Onyz 1) YBBR THEM (x ,y,2). fal Hit r = OM Py MRL O AY TATE. EGR EL 288A TY (a 2A HA Dd EY ASR. iS (x,y ,2) DEAR AM, PEAR fh BLOM. Ab ps LALA bi LR ECA bn AS EE.) SAME yO Mit ABA x =0;\ARE, Ee 2Ox i LAUR, Ay =0;46 xOy MEA, A 2 =0. WR «7SAB FBKRSSSORT NG AM dfx Ht BAy=2=-0;RR Ay MEA, Az=x=0;0 2H EAA x=y=0. 0S MARA WM x =y =7=0. D. AAS BMA Hiss Fl FL a] a BY A as, 4 WY TTA WI A OR ol et SG TRE IS HP Wa =(a,,a,,a,), b=(b,,6,,b.) , BN az=a,ita,jtrak, b=bit+bh, j+b.k. AFM BME CRE SARS AU RMS RENAE TEA a+b=(a,+b6,)i+(a, +b, )j+(a,+b.)k, a-b=(a,-b,)i+(a,-b,)j+(a,-b,)k, Aa =(Aa,)it(Aa,)j+ (Aa, )k (A WEE), Bl a+b=(a,+b,,a,+b,,a,+b,), a-b=(a,-b,,a,-6,,a,-6,), Aa =(Aa,,Aa,,Aa_). EH SHE, FAY DL, et Wea) Aa HE HO Wak Be Ey ARCH He, FF ee Wad at SA Bi hd GE AT A BY BC He 5 BEAT T ERE 1 FRU, Se a 40 AY eb //a HT b= Aa, Bink (b,,6,,b.) =A(a,,a,,a,), 3 th A 4 F ted et OG @ Ei BY A hw LL b, bob, 52-4. OD (1-3) a, a, 4a, Bl 2 RAR LA Te et CN AR HET 5x -3y =a, {3x -2y > =—_—> = OM - 0A =.(0B-OM), Mit 8-14 => ] => _— OM =———(0A +2 OB). 1+A HOA OBA MB FR ( EDAD A A BABAR) ALA, BOE ow = (* +Ax, y, +A¥, 2, | 14+A ’ 14+A ’ 14A BREA M HbR. A fal} A MO AA AR BE ABA AS). REI, A = 1 BY, BAR BR AB ay HB XK, +X, V¥, +¥. 2 +2, (AB A): BAG RNIMEBU ERA) AEA M SOMA AR, Patt RM AY AB be, BEE ROM EAB OR. (2) 12S (x,y,z) EA AM, LAR AiR Vay LOM , Ae SLA oP Ay) EE FE SS AL A EE RE. Be, ZEB BS (x,y,2) Bt, DUAL F RAEUM ERR RA ARERR. 4 (x,y, RRA mt, WEP CE ETT iz HE 4 (x,y,z) SARA , BEAR BE TI 4, BWR AA Re 1. ESA ee St BE ay it r = (x,y,z) EOM =r, WK 8-13 Pra, ABAZ ARRRSSA RT FE) ACE BET 4G Ir| =|0M| = /10PI7 +1001 + 1ORE. HOP =xi, OO =j, OR=2k, 4 lOP| =Ixl, |OQl=lyl, LORI =Iz1, F 2 19 De BY A te HK Irl = Very tz. WA A(x, ,y,.2,) AL B(x,,y.,2,) UE A SOS BASSE ABI RR HABE. 1h an AB = OB - OA = (x3 ,7742)) - (4,591 5%) = (4, - 4,592 -¥15%2 -2,), BIG AB PASS lal A) BB BS |ABI = 1ABI = f(x, -™,)° + (3-9) + (4-3) Bl4 sRiEL M,(4,3,1) .M,(7,1,2) .M,(5,2,3) =RAWMRMW=ABE —+* Si = fare. fe IAA IM,M,\? =(7-4)? +(1-3)?+(2-1)’ =14, IM,M,|> =(5-7)’? +(2-1)*+(3-2)’ =6, IM,M, |? =(4-5)? +(3-2)?4+(1-3)? =6, frULIM,M,| =1M,M,1, BE AM,M,M, 446i = fale. lS 76 2 Hh LOR SP A( -4,1,7) M1 B(3,5, -2) SPAS. A AANCRALA M 2h TURK M(0,0,2) KARA |MA| = 1MBI, BA J/(0+4)? +(0-1)? + (2-7)? = /(3 -0)* +(5-0)? +( -2-2z)’. PALE Tr , fk -i4 z= 9” Bs, BraRN Hy M( 0,05"). BI 6 LIBR A(4,0,5) M1 BC7,1,3) 8 GAB Ay 1 40 AY Fie Ee. RY _—->lcl OOH > AB = OB - OA =(7,1,3) -(4,0,5) =(3,1, -2), ALA -10-f-P ARRRAMAR |AB| = /3°+1°+(-2)° = /14, FE _, ABE 1 34, -2) “th ag) Via 2. FARSAMRE IEE EL r 5 =A RRNA ICT Boy BON TE r AO Ay [al fa. KAP 8-15 BTL ELOM =r = (x,y,z) HF x AT aR ELOP AY (fl MPL OP, Hk cos = x eg *=TOMI irl’ JE (LAT Al cos B=, cos y= Stil jy) e({% % #)_1 a (cos ar,e0s B,eos ¥) =(Trr> Thr Tri] rt 2 9F97) = Typ =e cos a, cos B,cos y MA Ih] et r AAT ARK. ERA Li ar A ARK Ae a 9 Te) EES Dr A Tg, FE eT cos a + cos’ B + cosy =1. 17 EL PUP M, (22,72) Al M,(1,3,0) i 90 EM, M, BOE Tr OK AU tal fA. 8 = MM, =(1-2,3-2,0-y2) =(-1,1, -¥2), IM,M,l=/(-1)? 41? 4+( -y2)? = /l +142 =4 =2; cos a= > cos B= 5, cos y = 2, 20 p_T | _30 ang Baa Ye =—> BIS BLA A ALF SHAR, OAS x BN y BHT IE A RK SA, AL 1OA| =6, 9K A UAB AR. f# a= B= eR cos’ a + cos’B + cos’y = 1,49 oy a1 -(L) -(2) 24 cos'y =1-(>} -(3 =] -T]-SAB ABKRSS RAIL A A ES I ¥ BR , A cos ¥ >0, tk cos y a, 2° Tk 2 1\_ Ped] = (3,3/2,3), —> —> 1 Oh = 10d lena =6( 5-5 DR A HABE. 3. (eS ERA EA BR a QU SRAWTE y BAAN 2 A MT Ex BAAS LEE r = OMAN KA, ABA MBB - 15 AY OL eh M MES x ANSE ASE OS x ANA EP. ea PB 48 rE «BH AOS} 0 GEOP, HE iii eh OP = xi, (48 aE de x BH LAY BAR x= Iricos a. — fib BEA O BALE e WARE u Ri( FA 8 - 16). (EA (adr MEOM =r, Fit M PES w HHS OO el Eu BAF RM! CL MO BM AE HE ABER ) SU 1a) A OM 859 Tay ak HE we RHE AY SD Tay RE. HOM! = Ae, WWM A PR Er Ze uw ALE AV iE Prive B(r),. Hehe Mek a EH RA Oxy: PHY ER a, a, a, WE a 1E= KA be EW, a, =Prj,a, a, =Prj,a, a, = Prj.a, aid fe a,=(a@),, a,=(a@),, a,=(a),. ey Se a ed, Tat BY BE A 5g As fi AT] AY HE TER 1 = Prja=lalcosgo (l(a), =laleos ge) HP y Hiatt a 5 u AY Je AA ; HER 2 Prji,(a+b) =Prj,a+Prj,b (Bl(a+b), =(a),+(b),); PER 3 Prj,(Aa) =APrj,a (BN( Aa), =A(a),). Sil 9 BEET PRS — 28 Xt) OM ,— BE OA, ELIOAL =a, 3ROATEOMA; In] EAE PrigQ OA. Dab r FETE @ (a 40) HTT FLARE Prigr A 7 TERE ARS oo Te Oy 1a A AN LEA. - 12+SH SPRRAAHBA fi WE 8-17 fra ,icd 2MOA = 9,4 |OA| 1 cos P= 1OM1 3” TH *.Ah—-I1nn a Prjgg OA = | 0A|cos oR >] wi 8-1 1. Hi u=a-b+2c,v = —-a+3b -c. iti abc Hem 2u -3 0. 2. WER EL—-TOMEHN MARES RA ERC R ET. 3. FLAABC BY BC HHSA IR ARUN D, .D,.D, D,, IEA A ETE. RL AB = BC =a RAH ED,A DADA MDA. 4. @RMBI M,(0,1,2) AM, (1, -1,0). RAR RRA AMM, Be - 2M. 5. REA Fi a = (6,7, -6) EL. 6. ESA AAA I PE EBT SR? A(1, -2,3), B(2,3, -4), C(2, -3, -4), D( -2, -3,1). 7. TENA bi TE ACE SA RH EA AO A A ETE? dA SA A(3,4,0), B(0,4,3), €(3,0,0), D(O, -1,0). 8. Ri (a,b,c) SF (1) SAARI 5 (2) BAR BRAN (3) AB RIB EN Ot A AR 9. A Po (X09 5¥0 520) TP BIE AB ta LB AN 4A fo AS SE He, SS a A FY AB 10. iE Po (4% + %o 12) HEA FF 2 A ER APE Foxy MOR a AEE KUA WARS ATTA? V1, SY o ATE Pr RI AE Oy a Le EER TO ot A A Ho YT EH Aly Hl RESTA WAR. 12. KA M(4, -3,5) BBA oh PS. 13. ¢@ yOz ff RSG =A A(3,1,2) .B(4, -2, -2) M1 C(0,5,1) FRR AY. 14. iRTEAILA = A(4,1,9) B10, - 1,6) .C(2,4,3) yD AY = IE Fe EE fs = 15. BEML M,(4,f2,1) A M,(3,0,2) it SE a) REM, M, AUER IT OK Ae a Sl 16. Bx (a dh AY Ar Ua] Ae GK SP HN HE (1) cos a =0; (2) cos B=1;(3) cos a =cos B =0, [i] 5X se fia] Sak 5 AB a SA BNE A hs TY) EH fT 7 17. Beta Br EE 4 ES w BNI FEAR Ew HL BE. 18. — fa) GAD Ze A EK B(2, - 1,7), fF & Ay HN z HH EA BES AR KW 4, -4 7. OR 3k fe A A A A 19. i m =3i+5j7+8k,n =2i-4j -7k Ml p =5i+j —4k, 2K fal a =4m 4+3n—-p FE x Hh -]3°SAB APBRKRSSSRTLA AIA RTE y HL AOS} Te So MER WER RAH —,. FASHRSR R-WiKEHA FPA PR RARM AM, BOB Ms ROMS M,M,. Be Mi F BREAD W=IFlIslicos 6, Hip oA F Ss Hef ( A 8-18). BABE TALS oH , BEATA YS ek FA PES AN aR E—-TME SF lal DIRE MA A 0 AY A aK BY HEAR. BEAMS EY fi rey et @ 15 b AUMCHEEL iE ab (8-19), BD a-b=lal |blcos 6 a 8-18 fs8-19 Rix MEM, IRA AE WF Be s Re BM W=F-:s. “~\ HF lblcos @=lblcos (a,b), 4 a0 Wt Ela wb fel Et a BY Io] EA RE 5D, FA Prj,b RMI TE EA a+b=\alPrj,b, A, 4b xO A a-+b=\|b\|Prij,a. SC BIE He a, PW ak BB dak Ap PL — 4S dak 9 82 A — PS Ee Ea OY RI Vi] EAB AY FE AR. Fa CE AA 9 ee SCT HE AF (1) a-a=lal’. REA AHA 0 =0, HTL - 14.#-F KHER BER “RAR a-a=lal’cos0= lal’. (2) SFRSES He ab, Ra b=0,MAalb; RZ, MR ab, Fp Za+b=0. REA AUR a +b =0, eH F lal 40, 16140, fF LL cos 0=0, Mii =. BD alb;R2,MRalLb, BA @=5-,cos 6=0,F2a-b=lallbleos 6 =0. AFAUWUAS ARSED BAA, A, ERA WRIA: Ae aL bKRTAUBAEE a+ b=0. Rit AGA Pie HME : (1) RH a+ b=b-a, it RHELA YN “\N a-b=lallbleos (a,b), b> a=\|bllalcos (b,a), mi oN “\ lallbl =|lbl lal, cos (a,b) =cos (b,a), Pr a:-b=b-a. (2) SrRCHE (a+b) +ec=a-cr+b-e. iE 4e=0k, EXPAT; 4 c4ON A (a+b) +c=lelPrj,(a+b), Hy toa HE Uae 2, BY Prj,(a +b) = Prj.a + Prj.b, PLA (a+b) +e =lel(Prj,a@ +Prj.b) = lelPrj.a + lelPrj.b =a:c+b-ec. (3) Bat BGA A A uF AE (Aa) + b=A(a+b), A HR. WE 4b =O, EA Me; 4 OO HY RY HE Me 3, ATG (Aa) +b =1b1Prj,(Aa) = IBIAPrj,a =AlbIPrj,a =A(a- b). HH EIR aE, BA SCRE, A HE a+ (Ab) =A(a+b)R(Aa) + (wb) =Au(a- b). ik eA a+ (Ab) =(Ab) -a=A(b+ a) =A(a-b); -15°SAB PBRASSSIRT LG (Aa) + (wb) =Ala + (ub)] = Alla b)) =Ap(a = b). G1 IED = Me ae. iE ig7ve AABC FP, ZBCA =6 (I 8 -20), A |IBC| =a,1CAl =b,1ABI =c, BiE c’ =a’ +b’ -2abcos 6. c b —- = —=> i@CB =a,CA =b,AB =c, WA c=a-b, i - A. Kit 8 -20 Icl? =e -c=(a-b) -(a-b) =a-a+b-b-2a-b ; “N =lal’+1bl? -2lallbleos (a,b). “N tlal =a,lbl =b,lel =c R(a,b) =6, B08 c =a +b -2abcos 6. F Witt FT He TE at FY) A ip He BK. Ba=aitajtak,b=bi+h, j+bk. PARRA IAM EA a+b =(a,itajr+ak) + (bi+bj+bk) =a,i+ (bi +b, f+b,k) +a,j- (bith, jf tbk) +a,k + (bi +b,j +b,k) =a,bi-itabi-jtrabi-:k+ a,b jritabjejtabj+k+ a,bk-it+a bk + j+a,b.k +k. yi, fAlk RHE Die gape ka=k-i=0,j-iek-jri-k=0. VA Hig Mk WRIA, ie igs pak -k=1. AMG a+ b=a,b, +a,b, +a,b.. 5 gt AE A Td at YY BC at AY A ip He as SK Ky a+ b=lallbloos 0,RH# 4a 5b MRRBASH EM A a:b lal lol’ AR PC ak BA) ANS a BS as BRU) ak EY A oe HR NRA LEK aT Te a,b, +a,b, +a,b, SC HE FD Ty HL SE ff Fe aK 9 Ab he HR as HK. G2 EA M=AKM(1,1,1) A(2,2,1) Ml B(2,1,2) Re ZAMB. fe Ih) tik MA MB, LAMB ik FE he) at MA 45 MB fy 3 fH. GX BMA = (1,1,0) MB =(1,0,1) Kid cos 9 = + 16°Sp KHER BRR “RAR —_— +~—> MA» MB =1x1+4+1x0+40x1=1, |MA\ = /1? +17 +0? =/2, IMBI = /17+0° 41° =y2. TR A A i tt SE Fi Ae aK BY RETA SK 18 MA - MB 1 1 LAMB =. Sl3 RAF S LMA W ANTE R RARER KRMEE AS AY it IY (FE ll Eb )o. Ben AEA S Hy A fret (8 -21(a)) AA ERE Ta] PAS 228 ae 36 SG HE Te] re OTE — A ee YR TA YD JO am (FBS A) 2 BE gp) (a) (b) 8-21 fe ALOE Ve) PAY Yat Sek eK A A RR A BR lo | ORE Ve ( PE] 8-21 (b) ) . cE PA BY eS 5 ER TA AY EZR ASE FB Fe Gon AOE HA OO, PRL FETA AY EW Io leos 6, 4K FA Aly lcos @=Av , 1 — S asme = ABIIAC sin 2A =—1AB x ACI. +19BAF SPBRKSSARH ILE HH FAB = (2,2,2) ,AC =(1,2,4) , At ij k ABxAC=|2 2 2) =4i-6j +2k, 124 Fz S sane = 5 4d 6 + 2K => VF ¥( -6)) 42° = JTA, Bl6 TEMAS fi RIE co Bel HGER A ER M AE. fA RAYE 1 Reet FRAT ET LLP de UAE ME o RRARE CM ADEFS AREA, E Eyer vay ey SEAL se os BUD a ER EL EY WU ASEH fA Ee PA AS He RE eT) — BB, HAE AY 48 [hl HAE @ 77 Il ( Al 8 - 25). AR M Bi wese hh ANP BSW FTE UH EE AO (EEE r = OM / FELL 0 AR w 4G r HIE AH, a=Irlsin 6. HRs MAY PRR PB ky wo, He SBE Re SE Td YX AA Bw WA lo | =lwla=Ilq@lIrisin 6; oHTMEAT Hd MAS AE, Mota we Sr; Qo i ek ow, rote h FN. AA v=oxr. ‘=. BEHRAR KREME ES a,b file. Jefe Et a Mb AY Te ee A a x bE a BBY BOB=+*A ec HER (a xb) +, CREE BAY BC (= fe] at @ bc HY RA idfelabe]. FP iat FR TR HE Hs = Vl ak BY GE PY A Bem Be a SK i a=(a,,a,,a,),b=(b,,b,,b,) ,¢=(¢,,¢,.¢,) AW ij ik axb=/4, @, @, b, bb, +20.2-7 RER BHR “RAR a, a, a, 4a, a, a, = i- a+ k, b, 8, b, ob, b, 6, FE 4 PG Fe] ak AY 2 et BY A tn He os SK HEAD [abc] =(axb)+c a, a a, a a, a, =c =€, +c “lb, ob] 7 |b, ob bb, a, a, a =|/b, b, b [a] AVIRA AT PGR LAT EM aE AWIRA Babe] =(axb) -cBXH—-TR, ECMWAMARRY [a] abc HRN EAA MAAR. WR abc AMAFA (Bc AY HARAF MMM o Hb RHE) MARS MMA SEIEM; MB a.byc MAE A (Bc W45 RA FMM o HE DWE) MARA BH SEH. St OA =a,0B =b,0C =c. RABE XA Raxb =f 2—-TAR, CMM EBA L EF WEE a Fl b WU TEE OLE OADB hy Thi AB, COTMEAFRE ROWE YM, HY @, bcHmaFARM WS Sa ce WEEN fe fll ( 18 -26) ;4 a,b,c ARAFAN SS (a) At ¢ BAA ET AY FAM. BALA, UNE 5 © HOE FA 8 -26 Ha, IkA4 abc AMAL AM 0 WHA 4 abc AREFAM a YH. HF [abc] =(axb) +-c=laxbllelcosa, U4 abc HhkAFAM [abe] HiE;4a.b.c AMAFAM [abc] WK. Fl Ay VA fe] Gt @ be ye AF AF 7S TR AY (OF 4 I OADB) HAR S ££ MEST laxbl EWR A SF mie EMS FMR Ae, BD h=IPrj,cl =lellcosal, FoF LAE A ZN i AR BY RR V=Sh=laxblilelleosal=l|[abe]|l. AER RM JL BRA Ala bc) 40, WRB abc = fy at Fy Be Fe MOR AT AN AK AT abc =HRARHA;R.Aa.bc =H -2]-SAB PBRKRSSe) RTL ASE, WU RELA abc ARE AT AS TK, Mila bc) 40. FRA PI Sait : =A abc HHHNKADEAEEMNIER Bla bc] =0, 8) a, a, a, b, b, 6,| =0. ¢, C, ¢, B17 MAREK MEAN RAC %, 9,52) BC 022522) CC % 5525) D( 24.4524). RUT ABCD BATA AR. fH AL Amy Sail , DOA AY RAR V SEE LL 1a] EAB AC AAD hy BE AO AMC ARMADZ—. Bit v= | cab 72 3B) | 6 Ha — AB = (% —% 1 5¥o ~Y10% —21) » —s AC = (43-1593 —N1043-41) 5 — AD = (%4 -—%15%4 —Vis%m—%1)> ie %— XM Y2-V 42 73 1 V= =e XX We -M 23-7], X4 — x, ¥g7N 24-2, ESOP PPS PEPE AN a HSK BY FSB. G8 ERA(1,2,0) .B(2,3,1) .C(4,2,2) M(x,y,z) OHM ORA M AY AB AR xy 2 BT EASE ASK 8 . fh ALB. C.M 0 si dt i #4 FAM, AB, AC = (ay SE, Gk LAM = (x -1,y -2,2) AB =(1,1,1) AC = (3,0,2). $8 = fay ARSE AY FE SP SBE ZR FF, ae x-l y-2 1 z 1} =0, 3 0 2 BD 2x +y -3z-4=0. DORE AE A MY AB hp OT AG AA SK. -22-f= FHRRAR >] wl 8-2 Ll. #a=3i-j-2k,b =i4+ 27 kK (1)a-bRaxb; (2) (-2a)+3b Rax2b; (3) ab HIMMAM. 2. abc HOMME, Awe a+b+c=0,Ra-b+b-cr+e-a. 3. EMM, (1, -1,2),M,(3,3,1) #1 My (3,1,3). 289MM, MM, fal ot 5 A OY [a] 4. iE EEA 100 kg WAS M, (3,1, 8) RBH M,(1,4,2) FABRE WU ( BRAKE PAA m, BAW 2 HAT IA). 5. ERA EX A O MMS O PRR x, AR P, gh 4 — GOP, Be ff 6, HAF, fF Aas EOnA-MSS OMERBYA x, WE P, hb 47 — 45 OP, ak fa 0, WA F, FAA (A 8-27). fal 0, 0, .*, 0, )F, | IF, IPR REI ARE BE EAT AF RRP 7 F, F, 4, P, xy x, 0, O Fi 8-27 6. ialtt a = (4, -3,4) Cepeda b= (2,2,1) LAR. 7. Ha=(3,5,-2),b=(2,1,4) lA Gu AGW KA, REG Aa tb Fz MEA? 8. ih AA fe] DE A 42 rT 9 DJ ff. 9. GM me a=2i-3f7+k,b =i-f4+3k Me=i-27, it: (1) (a+ b)e-(a+c)b; (2) (a+b) x(b+e); (3) (axb)ce. 10. E.RIOA =i +3k,OB =j +3k, 3K AOAB AY il FA. “11. Bl a=(a,,a,,a,),b=(b,,6,,b,) 6 = (ec, ,¢,,¢,) A AFT USC AY HE HE] (axb) +-c=(bxce)-a=(exa)-b. 12. iA FA fe) dE BY RH tk a, +a, +a, /b; +b, +b, > 10,b, +a,b, +a,b51, FUP a, ,a,,0,,, ,b,,6, WEB RR. IF 48 th HS MAAR. B= FMRAAE —, HA BSSe HAAS TA Ay OF et 5 5 We) Ek 2 oh Sl eh VR), Br A Et ee A i 5 2s » 23°S\B ABRKRSSSORTL A BAW AT Z5|A A Km eS A ES. CEE Te ie tL Aad PF Be 4 PE BS hs — FF, ZED PLP, (EP TL wR RAB A Pe JL AT OL. PEG REE ON SR STC F(x,y,z) =0 (3-1) A PIRRA: (1) Hi S EfE— SAS ee eB EAR (3 -1); (2) AEH S EAS AAD RA i BO (3-1), IRA ,F7#2(3 - 1) BEY AR HHT S BOOT EE, Ti TS BEY iy (3 - 1) WA (Bl 8 -28). 28 la] the AT DA a EAT i TTS, SS, ABCA. 1 F(x,y,z) =O #l G(x«,y,z) =0 Ay HN XS A EE TTA eR A C(A8-29). AAA C LATER BA) AS fos dT) a ST ons =0, 3-2 G(x,¥,z) =0. ( ) 8 -28 8-29 KRitK, WR M AREA CLARA ANAT BETA at Ze th AE , PE 9 Ae hs 7B ii Ey 4H (3-2). A, HAR C ATLA Dy BAH (3 - 2) RN. Ty BA (3 -2) BE MY fies Val Be CBA Dr BB TTR CL OY A 2 (3 - 2) BY PH. FEAR a AB as ATE ed TR, 16 28 Vl A hs HPT Ho He HBT ea pH lA pt 2 ——AF Te AA EE =. FHM RENAE yn — AE i) tak Be A ET, 5 Wy BY OF TH TL. EH iB FE a Ee ye SOF ER I) SE. vats l— AAT EI BR Re EE FBR SF i - 24.f= FHRRAR TT E85 My (%0 550520) ME A — PEK Gt on = (A,B,C) AC AM OF i WH RES he FT. PMR REO OO a. i M(x,y,2z) 2 7 EM te— 5 (8 -30). HU Fe) RM, Mts 59 TT A AR a SEL, BOE AT AY at AS FS ns M,M =0. Al Ay n = (A,B,C) M,M = (4 - 4959 —¥o.2-20) > AT WA A(x-x,) +Bly-y,) +C(z-z,) =0. (3 -3) PORE MT LAE — a M AY Ab BR x,y,z BOT EE. BLEte WE M(x,y,.2) RHEE TE IRA MM ER en RSE HL, Siti n+ MM 40, BUA HEE TR TT LAY M BOMBER x,y,z RW G3 -3). AT AE TT EAE — AUER x,y,z OB RL (3-3) REE i 79 AY AE eB BS - 3). EG -3) MEE Ben RED RG -3) WA. ARG -3) Ene EX My (%p Yo v20) RE AI —AER IEE = (A,B,C) i EAD, ELL De BE (3 - 3) Oo PRAY AB BB. Gl Rit (2, -3,0) HU m= (1, -2,3) WHA A. fA ARH TAY Mest (3 -3) ERR EAT BE (x-2) -2(y¥ +3) +3z=0, #8 -30 0 x —-2y +3z-8 =0. Bl2 Ret = WM, (2, -1,4) MM, -1,3, -2) AM, (0,2,3) AF AY Wy FB. HAR HY CF A EPR I HE. LAL aE me 45) EMM, AM, M, HOHE, iM, M, =( -3,4, -6),M\M, =(-2,3,-1) FULT REA BLY n, BD ij ik n=M,M,xM,M,=|-3 4 -6|=14i+9j-k, -2 3 -1 ABLE OF AER (3 -3) BARR BW 14(x-2) +9(y+1) -(z-4) =0, El 14x +9y —z-15 =0. +25 °SAB APBKKSSSORT NA =, #HM—-RAE PA ATF TT AY na SK Dy (3-3) Se xy Ac I — UT Fe, tt FE Fi BT FAC EMM ARE IEA el et OR se, A EF ABT LF = KT KA. Rik RA =-KAE Ax + By +Cz+D=0. (3 -4) Fe ATE HR a ET FE — AL x0 9 Zo » Bl Any + By + Cz +D=0. (3-5) FE _E Ra sh AL A(x -x,) +Bly-y,) +C(z-2,) =0. (3 -6) FEE ADE a) A Re FB (3 - 3) HEE BE, A A (3 - 6) ee My (xy, ¥o.%) HUA n =(A,B,C) HIKER Tl et YF Ty. (BE (3 - 4) 7 FB (3 - 6) [rl fF, 3 FEA Ay ea (3 — 4) AE (3 -5) BVA (3 -6), MH (3 -6) MME (3 -5) Bete (3-4). UAT a E— = —- KP ES -4) WA TP. (3 -4) RAC MMM ED xyz HARBOR AE A — PEK I at on YAR Bl n =(A,B,C). (il 0 , 7 FE 3x -4y +z-9 =0. NPE Mn = (3, -4,1) Bema — PR a a. Rit FE RY = 0 — TB NT AEE 1 I BE 4D =0 It, #8 (3 -4) RW Ax + By + Cz =0, 6 RP eS AF 4 A=0 Wt #8 (3 -4) RW By +Cz+D=0, 2AM n= (0,8B,C) HF x Bh, 7 EBB — POET FF (ah a & ) x NF i Tee PR Ax + Cz + D =0 Fl Ax + By +D =0 SRR TET T (MAS) y NAN 2 Ah BOF 4 A=B =0 Wt, 7 #E(3 -4) AW Cr+ D =0 z= ~-5 ERI Ht m= (0.0.0) [ea Of SE ET ox BNA y HH RN OE TF (REF ) Oy AF TARE 07 FE Ax + D =0 Al By + D =0 Sha — TF TF (REG T) yOz it All xOz Ti AF il. Bl3 its WALA (4, -3, -1l) AEM. FE POE TS x AN ATI A A a ox HH, FA TALE 26°Fa FHRRAB fh EAR AS BDA =0; CAP ae x HH, CR , Pe D =0. Ae) WKF A By + Cz =0. MAF Bah (4, -3, -1) Pra -3B-C=0, BK C= -3B. VAMEARA RT IER BB (B40) EB AR AE y -3z=0. Bl4 KPMG x.y Mz MH RKKA P(a,0,0) .Q(0,6,0) .R(0,0,c) = (Al 8 - 31), SR AF i AY Ti Fe (A a 40 ,b40,c40). KR PRAT EA Ax + By +C€z+D=0. Al P(a,0,0) .Q(0,5,0) 1 R(0,0,c) = MEX iE ATA P.O AR AYA te AB i Ey 7B (3-4), BA #8 -31 aA+D=0, bB+D=0, cC+D=0, fe 1 as -2, ge -*2, c= -2, a b c LAIKA (3 -4) FR D (D0) , ETRE EA + 4%47% 21. (3 -7) a 6b c Ti 8 (3 — 7) 0 ABP Te BY BST BB, Tb AML c HRY BOF RE xy A z A EY AUB. AFR NRA BAP Tia AY 2 Be Tl at OY Se A 5 A kf) BR OE ae A. HOF ta 17, All IT, AY BE Tr BL RIK A n, = (A,,B,,C,) n, = (A,,B,,C,), “YN YN “\N WWF ti 17, Al IT, WEFAN O (A 8 -32) iste (nm, ,n,) M( —n,,n,) =a -(2,,n,) -27 5BAB ABKKRSSSRAINLG “N Ba PAY i FA Bk A, litt cos @ = |cos (m,,n,) |. KAMRAN hie FM 0, APF TT, Ae fA 0 FT A |A,A, +B,B,+C,C,| cos 9 =——___—__. > 1 ? (3 -8) IR i XE. 8 -32 SA [el] Bt SE EL OE 7 AS Fo BE KF ae BYE 4% FOIE: IT, 1, HANH AAS F AA, +B,B, +C,C, =0; TT, BARRE MST = =o Bl)5 RPA x -y+2z2-6=0 Mf 2xt+y4+2-5 =0 MIA. A WAH(3-8)4 llx24(-1)xl4+2x1l 1 J/Pe(-lpeeJ/PePer 2° cos 6= FA , BTR Se Ff =>. G6 — FMP M,(1,1,1) 41M, (0,1, -1) BRAP PM x+y + z=0, REM AE. fe TRF AY — TIER el n=(A,B,C). AMM, =(-1,0,-2) CREME, CS EA RUA -A-2C =0. (3 -9) MA BOR AF SE FE APR xe ty t+7=0, UNA A+B+C=0. (3 -10) Hi (3-9) (3 - 10) #5) A= -2C,B=C. FE TE AR Ry BT A, Se TB A(x-1)+B(y-1) +C(z-1) =0. He A= -2C RB=CRAERK HAE C (CHO) 1 -2(%-1) +(y-1) +(2-1) =0, Bp 2x -y—-z=0. 30 BE AE BT OR AYA 7B. - 28+f= FHRRAHE Gil 7 BE Py (Xp 6% 62) SAE TH Ax + By + Cz + D =0 Sh— ARP, BIBOR THY #6 BS ( El 8 - 33). OR LAEM— AP, (x,,9,.2,) JERK 22 fa] ft nH 8 - 33 , FFAS EBIP, PS m AYE SH 0 tH iy AE EB Sy, 78. TRB 5 |P,P,-n| d= |P,P,| | cos | = Thal m #8 -33 —_—— n= (A,B,C) P,P = (%) — 41 5% — 41220 -2), F <= P,P, nm A(% —%,) +B(yo -¥1) +Cl% -%) In| J +B +0 Ax, + By, + Cz, — (Ax, + By, + Cz, ) JA +B°+C0 Al Ax, + By, + Cz, +D=0, PFU P,P, +m Any) + By, + Cx +D In| PB 4O FH ULAR Po (xo Yo 520) BUS Ax + By + Cz +D=0 KEE BAX hn Fg + Gy + JA +B +0" (500 RR (21,1) BAP xe ty -2+1=0 HERR, TAK (3 - 11), fe 45 (3-11) gal x24 xi-Ixitil_3 _ ig P+Pe(-1) BB >] ma 8-3 1. Rit (3,0, -1) HF 3x -7y +52-12=0 FATHER AE. 2. Ret M,(2,9,-OQASERPRRARA M, HAE OM, HHA MAE. 3. Ret M,(1,1, -1) .M,( -2, -2,2) 1 M,(1, -1,2)= 8 mae. 4. 48 FS AF YER I, IF AF i: (1) «=0; (2) 3y-1=0; (3) 2x -3y -6 =0; (4) x -/3y =0; (5) y+z=1; (6) «-2z2=0; (7) 6x +5y -z=0. -29.-SAB SRRKRSSaRTLA . ROP 2x -2y +245 =0 GAM MAY HH AY ARK. . FRAC ,0, -1) PPT Fea =(2,1,1)Mb=(1,-1,0) RARER HE. . REF x t+3y4+2=1,2e-y-2=0, —x4+2y +2z2=3 AEA. 8. SHE FAR FE: (1) FAt¥ x0: MAA A (2, -5,3); (2) ict z HAAR -3,1, -2); (3) FOF « PAA A(4,0, -2)M(5,1,7). 9. RA(1,2,1) BE x +2y +22 - 10 =0 HORE BS. ya nw SO SHARE —, SABRN-RAE 25 [A] Ze OL BT Aa A SF TT, A TT, BEAR (A 8 — 34). RP TH ZEKE a , MT, WT SP I A,x + Byy + C,\z+D, =0 Ml Ajx + Byy + Cz + D, =0, BAH LEASE — BY AB tip dT] Bt A BY Fy #2 , BN D7 a AE A,x+B,y+C,z+D, =0, tae +B,y+C,z+D, =0. RK, WR MARE HA L bE RA BE Be - 34 AY AEF i 7, A, bk, PP AA A Bd (4-1). Ae, Be LT FAs FB 4H (4 - 1) eRe as. Fe EHH (4 — 1) 9) $8 TE A — RB. MUSsh—HARLHFRAARRST, REERARS TEM ERR BAS , RE 1 AY De Be a oe SE, IT AS BY) HB os 7 WH] KL (4-1) =, SARBRHMRAARSSRAAE WR—-SMES MEP GT AE MAA IAG RLM HG EY Fi tal fey HUA — AA EM A RE K-RBREG FO MAR, L Esa My (% +02) MEM — Fl et s =(m,n,p) HAAN, BR LAE MAME T. FRE I AAT BR. eM (x,y,z) BHR L EMEA UM MS LA a Ta A sO +30.FOP SHBRRAAB (FR 8 — 35). FOF LA Di fal AY wh LE, EMM = (x - 25,7 -¥0,2-20) s =(m,n,p) , ATA ®~% _¥~% _27% @ m n Pp RK, WAM REBRL EBA FMM 5 AREF , XDA te A NE A REA RL. AL (4-2) REAR LAO ER A at eR Bolas e. ER ANE — Hy Rs AAR mn Al p OH BG EER AY — SFr Fey Be TE © Ir ad Ae BR mY AHL A BR. HALO MARAT EARS AROS BR. MB X7~% _V7Vo _ 7% 770 _ (4-2) 8-35 m n P ml X =X) +m, [rosea (4-3) Z=Z, + pt. Ti #248 (4 -3) BRB ES WH EB. Bll ARATE RERA ERR AK x+yt+z+1=0, { (4-4) 2x -y +3z4+4=0. FCT kA EAI A (40, %05%0)- HM, TUR x, =1, RATE (4-4) ,f% ytz=-2, on =6. IXPX TK Ss aa ¥o =0, 2, = -2, D 4mnbp PA-TAS, Bld m=0, i n 45 pO WY 3x77 AR x-4% =0, {ran 2-5, np 4m Alp PARA, AM m=n=0, i p¥0 Wt XT FAA i i [* =0, ¥-Yo =0. ~3]-S\S ABKRSSARTLG BN(1,0, -2) ix HA EWA. FHRBRHXRHANA Ae s. ADAM ERM RAS RMP RH KA fn, =(1,1,1),2,=(2,-1,3) M#H, FUR ij k 111 2 -1 3} S=n, xXn,= =4i -j -3k. Ait, , Aras Ee BY RT Bk Ky BA x-l_ oy _z+2 4 1 -3 eth 2 W242 1 APR SRT x=1+4t b= - z= -2-3t. =. HERMEA PEL 2 BY Fr Tad BE A) Se Ps (GH BE A I PA) OY EL BY SA WHA L, Fl L, BF ESERIES RN 7 oP DB te has n, p>) WA L, AN L, WE AA ve RIE (s,s ,5,) A( -s, Om) =m -(s, “n) ah A BEF REE at cos g = |cos (sos) | FRU A SEPA AR IKASK , BL, MR L, WEA @ AT eH |Im,m, +n,n, + p,p,! eH HE. SAD ea BE SE ESP YF SPs BRE BHR AE UAC BHR L, AL, RAHAT m,m, + n,n, +p,p, =0; PAR L, AL, AE RAL A AF = = #t Ny Py (4-5) cos g = Bil 2 ata nti 1,5 = = sep, % BAL WTA M ED s, mn -4,1),HRL, HARADA s, = (2,-2,-1). RHR L, ML, HRAA 9, MHAK(4-5)A llx2+(-4) x(-2)+1x(-1)! _1 8 OS tay al VP a(-d)a(-1)? V2 +32.