9

SCIENCE
QUARTER 3 – MODULE 1

Volcanoes
(Types of Volcanoes and
Volcanic Eruptions)
Science – Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Modules 1 - 3: Earth and Space
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writers:
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Management Team: Name of Regional Director
Name of CLMD Chief
Name of Regional EPS In Charge of LRMS
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Name of Division ADM Coordinator

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Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Science 9 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on

Volcanoes!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by

educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher
or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12
Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic
constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this
also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking
into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing
them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to
encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
For the learner:

Welcome to the Science 9 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Quarter

3 Modules.

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used
to depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies
in your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to This will give you an idea of the skills or

Know competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as
a story, a song, a poem, a problem opener,
an activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of

the lesson. This aims to help you discover
and understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.
 What I Have This includes questions or blank
Learned sentence/paragraph to be filled in to
process what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

help you transfer your new knowledge or
skill into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional In this portion, another activity will be

Activities given to you to enrich your knowledge or
skill of the lesson learned. This also tends
retention of learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in

developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with
it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you
are not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to
help you master the concept of volcanoes. The scope of this module permits
it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used
recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged
to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read
them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

The module contains:

• Lesson 1 – Introduction to Volcanoes.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. describe the different types of volcanoes and volcanic
eruption. (S9ES-IIIa-27)

What I Know

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate
sheet of paper.

1. This type of volcano has violent eruptions with alternating layers of

lava flow and volcanic particles.

A. cinder cone C. shield cone

B. composite cone D. all types of volcanoes

2. All of the following are positive impacts of volcanic eruption EXCEPT:

A. fertile soil C. increased tourism

B. geothermal energy D. land destroyed

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3. What is formed at the top of a volcano after an eruption?
A. crater C. pyroclastic flow
B. magma chamber D. vent

4. Which of the following is NOT an active volcano in the Philippines?

A. Apo in Davao C. Isarog in Camarines Sur
B. Bud Datu in Sulu D. Kanlaon in Negros Oriental

5. Which of the following is an active stratovolcano located on the

tripoint boundary of the provinces of Zambales, Tarlac and Pampanga
that erupted on June 15, 1991?

A. Mount Bulusan C. Mount Mayon

B. Mount Kanlaon D. Mount Pinatubo

6. What type of volcanoes can sometimes form inside another volcano?

A. cinder volcanoes C. lava domes

B. composite volcanoes D. shield volcanoes

7. Which of the following statements describes a dormant volcano?

A. A volcano that is currently erupting.

B. A volcano that has erupted in recent history.
C. A volcano that scientists believe will never erupt again.
D. A volcano that has erupted in a long time, but may erupt again.

8. What is produced when layers of thin, runny lava build up a high,

level area?

A. cinder volcano C. lava plateau

B. composite volcano D. shield volcano

9. What do you call the molten material found in the Earth’s interior?

A. liquid fire C. rock

B. magma D. volcanic ash

10. What type of volcano may erupt again at some time in the distant
future?

A. active C. explosive
B. dormant D. extinct

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 Lesson
Introduction to Volcanoes
1
The Philippines is located along the Ring of Fire. As a result, it is home
to many volcanoes. The most famous among our volcanoes are Mayon
Volcano, Taal Volcano and Mount Pinatubo. The Philippines also sits on a
unique tectonic setting ideal to volcanism and earthquake activity. It is
situated at the boundaries of two tectonic plates – the Philippine Sea Plate
and the Eurasian plate – both of which subduct or dive beneath the
archipelago along the deep trenches along its east and west seaboard.

What’s In

This module was designed to help Grade 9 students like you to learn
more about the different volcanoes in our country. It will help you understand
how volcanoes are formed and how the energy from volcanoes can be
harnessed and be utilized by the people. As you go through this module, you
will encounter activities that will enhance your mental ability and reasoning
skills.

This module includes the different active and inactive volcanoes in the
Philippines, the different factors affecting volcanic eruption, different styles of
volcanic eruption and the energy coming from volcanoes.

Furthermore, you will be amazed by the beauty and majesty of these

sleeping giants waiting to be awaken. That behind the danger that these
giants (volcanoes) bring to humanity lies the very captivating and awesome
grandeur of God’s creation. After all, volcanism is not bad at all. As part of the
disaster risk reduction, we must also point out how the negative effects of
volcanic eruption can be minimized through disaster awareness.

More importantly, understand and appreciate that all God’s creation

has its own purpose and usage.

So, enjoy while reading and doing the different activities of this module.

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 What’s New

Volcanoes Crossword Puzzle

Objective: Familiarize the words that are associated to the concept of
volcanoes.
Complete the crossword puzzle below.

Across:
1. Volcanoes that have a record of eruption within the last 600 years.
2. A natural opening in the surface of the earth.
3. Volcanoes that have not erupted for the last 10,000 years.
4. An excessively explosive type of eruption of gas and pyroclastics.
5. Formed by the accumulation of lava that oozes out from the volcano

Down:

6. A periodic weak to violent eruption characterized by fountain lava.

7. Formed from alternate solidification of lava and pyroclastic deposits.
8. Molten rocks that has been ejected out of a volcano.
9. A flat piece of rock formed when a magma hardens in a crack of a
volcano.
10. Built from ejected lava fragmnets. It has a steep slope and a wider
crater.

Notes to the Teacher

Provide extra copies of this page for student’s use.

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 What is It

A volcano is a natural opening in the surface of the Earth where molten

rocks, hot gases, smoke and ash are ejected.

A volcano has three

external parts: base, summit
and slope. The slope is the
degree of slant or inclination. At
the summit, there is an opening
which may either be a crater or
a caldera. A crater is a funnel-
shaped opening at the top of a
volcano while a caldera is
formed when a part of the
wall collapses following an
explosion. Magma are molten
rocks inside the earth while lava
are magma that has been
ejected out of a volcano. A http://www.shutterstock.com
parasitic cone is a small cone-shaped volcano formed by an accumulation of
volcanic debris.

Structure of Volcano
Sill is a flat piece of rock
formed when magma hardens in a
crack in a volcano. The vent is an
opening in Earth’s surface through
which volcanic materials escape. The
side of a volcano is called flank. A
conduit is an underground passage
magma travels through while throat
is the conduit that ejects lava and
volcanic ash. Ash are fragments of
lava or rock smaller than 2 mm in
size that are blasted into the air by
volcanic explosions and ash clouds
are clouds of ash formed by volcanic
explosions.

http://www.primaryhomeworkhelp.co.uk

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Classification of Volcanoes: According to Record of Eruption

Active volcanoes are

those that have record of
eruption within the last 600
years or those that erupted
10,000 years ago based on
analysis of their materials.
A dormant volcano is an
active volcano that is not
erupting but supposed to
erupt again. (Pictures:
Mount Mayon found in
Daraga, Albay, Mt. Kanlaon
found in Canlaon City,
Negros Occidental, Mt.
Maagnaw found in
Lantapan, Bukidnon and Mt. Masaraga found in Ligao City, Albay)

Inactive volcanoes, on
the other hand, are those that
have not erupted for the last
10,000 years and their
physical form is being
changed by agents of
weathering and erosion
through formation of deep and
long gullies. (Pictures: Mount
Cabuyao in Tuba, Benguet,
Mt. Pulag in Bokod, Benguet,
Mt. Amuyao ranges
from Barlig, Mt. Province to
Batad, Ifugao and Mt.
Balungao in Balungao,
Pangasinan).
http://www.pinoymountaineers.com

Extinct volcanoes have not had an eruption for at least 10,000 years
and is not expected to erupt in a comparable scale of the future.

Classification of Volcanoes: According to the Shape of

Volcanic Cone

Volcanoes come in different shapes and sizes, and each structure has
a unique history of eruption. There are three basic cone shapes namely: cinder
cones, shield cones and composite cones or stratovolcanoes.

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 The image on the left shows how a
cinder cone looks like. CINDER CONES are
built from ejected lava fragments. It has a
steep slope and a wide crater.

The image on the right resembles a

warrior’s shield lying on the ground which
is the characteristics of shield cones.
SHIELD CONES are formed by the
accumulation of lava that oozes out from
the volcano. It is broad and slightly
domed.

The cone on the left side show how

composite cones looks like. COMPOSITE
CONES or stratovolcanoes are large, nearly
perfect sloped structure formed from
alternate solidification of both lava and
pyroclastic deposits; cone-shaped.
The shape of the volcanic cone
depends on three factors, namely: a)
composition of magma b) temperature of
magma and c) amount of gas.

Types of Volcanic Eruptions

Volcanoes erupt differently. They are described according to the style of

eruption as follows:

Phreatic or hydrothermal is a
stream-driven eruption as the hot water
come in contact with water. It is short
lived characterized by ash columns. (Mt.
Bulusan in Sorsogon).

https://www.rappler.com

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 Phreatomagmatic is a violent eruption
due to the contact between water and magma.
As a result, a large column of very fine ash and
high-speed and sideway emission of
pyroclastics called base surges are observed.
(Mt. Mayon on April 3, 2018).

https://volcano.si.edu

Strombolian is a periodic weak to

violent eruption characterized by fountain
lava. (Mayon Volcano in Albay).

https://volcano.si.edu

Vulcanian is characterized by tall

eruption columns that reach up to 20 km high
with pyroclastic flow and ashfall. (Sakurajima
Volcano in Japan)

https://www.volcanodiscovery.com

Plinian is excessively explosive type of

eruption of gas and pyroclastics. (Mt. Pinatubo
in Zambales).

http://ffe.magazine.com

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 What’s More

Activity 1: Am I Active or Inactive?

Identify the following volcanoes whether active or inactive. Write your

answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Taal Volcano = _____________ 2. Mount Apo =_______________

https:.//en.m.wikipedia.org https://www.britannica.com

3. Mayon Volcano = __________ 4. Smith Volcano = ___________

https://volcano.si.edu https://.en.m.wikipedia.org

5. Mount Kilauea = ___________ 6. Mount Makaturing = _______

https://.study.com https://m.facebook.com

7. Mount Balungao = _________ 8. Mount Hibok-Hibok = ______

https://en.m.wikipedia.org http://.hibokhibok.blogspot.com

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Activity 2: Volcano Unscramble

Using your knowledge of famous volcanoes, see if you can unscramble

these letters to reveal the names of known volcanoes in the Philippines
and indicate the province where they are located.

SCRAMBLED
NO NAME OF VOLCANOES
WORDS
1 TOUNM LUPGA
Location:
2 OUMNT NABAWHA
Location:
3 ONTUM BITUNOPA
Location:
4 MUTNO LABUSUN
Location:
5 NUTMO ONALNAK
Location:
6 TUMNO ARIYA
Location:
7 MUNTO TAARAY
Location:
8 NOTMU ROGANOM
Location:
9 MONUT GIMLAKIN
Location:
10 OTMUN MARASAGA
Location:

Notes to the Teacher

Provide extra copies of this page for student’s use.

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 What I Have Learned

1. A _______________ is a natural opening in the surface of the Earth.

2. _____________ are molten rocks inside the earth while ___________
are magma that has been ejected out of a volcano.
3. A _______________ is a small cone-shaped volcano formed by the
accumulation of volcanic debris.
4. _____________ has not had an eruption for at least 10,000 years and is
not expected to erupt in a comparable scale in the future.
5. The shape of the volcanic cone depends on three factors, namely
a.___________________, b._________________ c. ___________________.
6. ____________________ is a stream-driven eruption as the hot water come
contact with water.
7. A violent eruption due to the contact between water and magma is
known as ____________________.
8. ________________ a periodic weak to violent eruption characterized by
fountain lava.
9. ________________ characterized by tall eruption columns that reach up
to 20 km high with pyroclastic flow and ashfall.
10.An excessively type of eruption of gas and pyroclastics is known as
____________________.

What I Can Do

Am I Really Prepared?

As volcanic eruptions are natural phenomena, they will always be part of

our lives. It is therefore important to be prepared at all times.

Make a list of the DO’s and DONT’s before, during and after volcanic
eruptions.
Before Eruption During Eruption After Eruption

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 Assessment

Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter
on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following is a natural opening in the surface of the Earth
through which lava escapes?
A. chamber C. mountain
B. hill D. volcano

2. Which of the following is a sign of an impending volcanic eruption?

A. gas emissions C. increased seismic activity

B. ground deformation D. all are warning signs
3. What type of volcanic eruption was shown by Mt. Pinatubo when it
erupted?

A. Phreatic C. Strombolian
B. Plinian D. Vulcanian

4. What do you call a scientist who studies volcanoes?

A. Biologist C. Seismologist
B. Geologist D. Volcanologist
5. Which of the following volcanoes have decreased the Earth’s temperature
for almost two years?

A. Mount Hibok-Hibok C. Mount Pinatubo

B. Mount Mayon D. Taal Volcano
6. Which is not an active volcano?

A. Mount Apo C. Mount Kanlaon

B. Mount Balungao D. Mount Mayon
7. What is meant by “Ring of Fire”?

A. An active erupting volcano.

B. The land once known as Pangaea
C. The volcanoes surrounding the Pacific Ocean.
D. The spreading that takes place on the ocean floor.

8. Which of the following is a huge hole left by the collapse of a volcanic

mountain?

A. Caldera C. Sill
B. Crater D. Vent

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9. If geologists detect many small earthquakes in the area near a
volcano, what can they infer about the volcano?

A. It is extinct. C. It is probably about to erupt.

B. It is dormant. D. It is good source of energy.
10. Which of the following is a periodic weak to violent eruption
characterized by fountain lava?

A. Phreatomagmatic C. Strombolian
B. Plinian D. Vulcanian

Additional Activities

Picture Perfect!
Take a picture of yourself while doing this simple experiment on volcanic
eruption. Paste your “before and after” picture in a short bond paper.
Materials:
Baking soda Plastic bottle Masking tape
White vinegar Food coloring Card board

Procedures:
1. Use a card board to build a cone-shape
structure of your volcano.
2. Cute the tip of the cone just enough to
fit the mouth of your plastic bottle.
Secure it using a tape.
3. Measure 2-3 spoonful of baking soda
and 1 cup of white vinegar.
4. Add 5 drops of food coloring (red
and yellow) to the vinegar and mix it well.
5. Fill your volcano with baking soda.
(Be careful not to get any baking soda
in your eyes).
6. Pour the vinegar into your volcano.
The vinegar will react with the baking
soda and cause an “eruption”.

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 14
What I Know What’s More
1. B Activity 1
2. D 1. Active
3. A 2. Active
4. C 3. Active
5. D
4. Active
6. C
5. Active
7. D
6. Active
8. C
7. Inactive
9. B
10.B 8. Active
What’s More What I Have Learned
Activity 2 1. Volcano
5. Mount Pulag – Benguet, Ifugao, 2. Magma, Lava
Nueva Vizcaya 3 .Parasitic cone
6. Mount Banahaw – Laguna, Quezon 4. Extinct volcanoes
7. Mount Pinatubo – Zambales, Tarlac,
5. Composition of
Pampanga
magma, Temperature of
8. Mount Bulusan – Sorsogon, Bicol Region
magma, Amount of gas
9. Mount Kanlaon – Negros Occidental
10. Mount Iraya – Batanes 6. Phreatic
11. Mount Arayat – Pampanga 7. Phreatomagmatic
12. Mount Amorong – Umingan, Pangasinan 8. Strombolian
13. Mount Makiling – Laguna 9. Vulcanian
10.Mount Masaraga - Albay
10. Plinian
Answer Key
 15
What I Can Do Assessment
Before During After Eruption 1. D
Eruption Eruption
Evacuate Use an N95 Do not leave your 2. D
immediately dust mask home
3. B
Stay tuned to Protect your Wear protection
national and skin and eyes 4. D
local news
Charge your Seek cover Clean your 5. C
electronics immediately gutters and roof
6. B
Know the Stay away Wait for further
emergency from rivers announcements 7. C
hotlines from LGUs
Prepare a go- Secure your Keep a watchful 8. A
bag pets eye on your kids
or loved ones 9. C
*Answer may vary among students.
10. C
References

Books:
Science – Grade 9 Learner’s Module First Edition, 2014

SCIENCE LINKS: Worktext for Scientific and Technological Literacy, 9 Revised

Edition

Websites:
Mayon Volcano (Online Image) Retrieved November 6, 2020 from
https://www.shutterstock.com/search/mayon+volcano
Cross-section through a volcano (Online Image) Retrieved November 6,
2020 from
https://www.primaryhomeworkhelp.co.uk/mountains/volcanoparts.htm
l
Mt. Kanlaon (Online Image) Retrieved November 6, 2020 from
https://www.pinoymountaineer.com/2008/02/mt-kanlaon-mapot-
masulog-2435.html
Mt. Maagnaw (Online Image) Retrieved November 6, 2020 from
https://www.pinoymountaineer.com/2010/01/mt-maagnaw-2742.html
Mt. Masaraga (Online Image) Retrieved November 6, 2020 from
https://www.pinoy/mountaineer.com/2011/06/mt-masaraga-1328-in-
ligao-city-albay.html
Mt. Cabuyao (Online Image) Retrieved November 6, 2020 from
https://www.pinoymountaineer.com/2008/04/mt-sto-tomas-2256-mt-
cabuyao-2025.html

Mt. Pulag (Online Image) Retrieved November 6, 2020 from

https://www.pinoymountaineer.com/2007/09/mt-pulag-2922.html

Mt. Amuyao (Online Image) Retrieved November 6, 2020 from

https://www.pinoymountaineer.com/2007/11/mt-amuyao-2702.html
Mt. Balungao (Online Image) Retrieved November 6, 2020 from
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Balungao
Taal Volcano (Online Image) Retrieved November 6, 2020 from
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taal_Volcano
Mt. Apo (Online Image) Retrieved November 6, 2020 from
https://www.britannica.com/place/Mount-Apo
Smith Volcano (Online Image) Retrieved November 6, 2020 from
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smith_Volcano

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Mt. Kilauea (Online Image) Retrieved November 13, 2020 from
https://study.com/academy/lesson/kilauea-volcano-facts-lesson-for-
kids.html
Mt. Makaturing (Online Image) Retrieved November 13, 2020 from
https://m.facebook.com/pages/Mount-Makaturing/13922061943601
Mt. Hibok-Hibok (Online Image) Retrieved November 13, 2020 from
http://hibokhibok.blogspot.com/2014/12/hibok-hibok.html?m=1
Mt. Bulusan (Online Image) Retrieved November 13, 2020 from
https://www.rappler.com/nation/150113-20161023-sorsogon-mount-
bulusan-phreatic-eruption-ash-column
Sakurajima Volcano (Online Image) Retrieved November 13, 2020 from
https://www.volcanodiscovery.com/sakurajima/news/68216/Sakurajim
a-volcano-Kyushu-Japan-increasing-activity-field-report-23-29-Mar-
2018.html

17
Name: ______________________________________ Date: ____________________
Grade & Section: ____________________________ Score: __________________

SUBJECT: Science
QUARTER: 3rd
Worksheet No. 1

Part 1.
Title of the Activity: VOLCANO MYSTERY WORDS
Most Essential Learning Competency: Describe and relate the
distribution of active volcanoes, earthquake epicenters, and major
mountain belts to Plate Tectonic Theory

K to 12 BEC CG: S9ES -IIIa25, S9ES -IIIa27

Direction: Find the hidden words which are related to volcano.

1. RING OF FIRE 5. CINDER 9. DORMANT

2. LAVA 6. CALDERA 10. MAGMA
3. SHIELD 7. ACTIVE 11. FISSURE
4. COMPOSITE 8. INACTIVE 12. CONE

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Part 2.

Title of the Activity: WHICH IS RIGHT, WHICH IS WRONG?

Most Essential Learning Competency: Describe and relate the distribution of active
volcanoes, earthquake epicenters, and major mountain belts to Plate Tectonic Theory

K to 12 BEC CG: S9ES -IIIa25, S9ES -IIIa27

Direction: TRUE or FALSE: Write “True” if the statement is correct and
write “False” if the statement is incorrect. Write your answer on the
space provided before each number.

______1. Cinder cone volcanoes are usually smaller, and come from short-lived
eruptions that only make a cone about 400 meters high.
______2. An extinct volcano is one that has erupted in historical times and has the
potential to erupt again.
______3. Deep underground rocks are so hot that a drop in pressure can cause
them to form magma.
______4. Most volcanic eruptions occur near plate boundaries or at locations called
hot spots.
______5. The activity of a volcano may last from less than a decade to more than 10
million years.
______6. Most long-lived volcanoes erupt continuously.
______7. Volcanism is more common along divergent boundaries as compared to
convergent boundaries.
______8. Some volcanoes can form without lava flows.

Part 3.
Title of the Activity: TYPES OF VOLCANOES- BIG RUMBLE AND TINY GRUMBLE

Most Essential Learning Competency: Describe and relate the distribution of active
volcanoes, earthquake epicenters, and major mountain belts to Plate Tectonic Theory

K to 12 BEC CG: S9ES -IIIa25, S9ES -IIIa27

Direction: Differentiate the following volcanoes according to their
classification (5 pts)

➢ Taal Volcano_________________________________________________
➢ Mt. Banahaw_________________________________________________

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