Module – Design and Analysis of Experiments

Assignment 3. Analysis of Variance

1.    A contractor wants to determine how much area can be covered (in m ) using four different
2

coatings, with a 95% confidence. The following data was obtained by testing each coating 5 times:

Replica Rec A Rec B Rec C Rec D

1 143 152 134 129

2 141 149 136 127

3 150 137 132 132

4 146 143 127 129

5 144 139 131 128

Answer the following:

a.       Hypothesis to test
b.       ANOVA table
c.       Conclusion - Is there a difference in the area covered by the four coatings?
d.       Test the two out of the three ANOVA assumptions (Normality, and Constant variance).
Assuming the Independence assumption holds, was the ANOVA test adequate for analyzing this
data in particular, or would a transformation or non-parametric test be better suited?
e.       Do a LSD-Fisher test, with α = 0.05, to compare the means of the groups and find
whichever was statistically different from the rest. (Only if the variable was statistically significant)
f.        Do a Tukey test, with α = 0.05, to compare the means of the groups and find whichever
was statistically different from the rest. (Only if the variable was statistically significant)

2.       We want to test how four different treatments at specific temperatures affect the density of
a material. By perfoming the experiment in a random order, we got the following data. Analyze
using an α = 0.05
Temperature Density

100 21.8 21.9 21.7 21.7

125 21.7 21.4 21.5 21.4

150 21.9 21.8 21.8 21.7

175 21.9 21.7 21.8 21.6

Answer the following:

a.       Hypothesis to test
b.       ANOVA Table
c.       Conclusion - Does a significant difference exist in the density of the ¿Existe una diferencia
significativa en la densidad a diferentes temperaturas?
d.       Test the two out of the three ANOVA assumptions (Normality, and Constant variance).
Assuming the Independence assumption holds, was the ANOVA test adequate for analyzing this
data in particular, or would a transformation or non-parametric test be better suited?
e.       Do a LSD-Fisher test, with α = 0.05, to compare the means of the groups and find
whichever was statistically different from the rest. (Only if the variable was statistically significant)
f.        Do a Tukey test, with α = 0.05, to compare the means of the groups and find whichever
was statistically different from the rest. (Only if the variable was statistically significant)

3.       We are required to investigate the resistance of Portland cement produced using four
different mixing techniques. A random experiment was performed, finding the following data:

Mixing technique Resistance to stress (lb/in2)

1 3129 3000 2865 2890

2 3200 3300 2975 3150

3 2800 2900 2985 3050

 Mixing technique Resistance to stress (lb/in2)

4 2600 2700 2600 2765

Answer the following:

a.       Hypothesis to test
b.       ANOVA table (use α = 0.05).
c.       Conclusion - Is there a difference in the resistance to stress of cement mixed using different
techniques?
d.       Test the two out of the three ANOVA assumptions (Normality, and Constant variance). Assuming
the Independence assumption holds, was the ANOVA test adequate for analyzing this data in
particular, or would a transformation or non-parametric test be better suited?
e.       Do a LSD-Fisher test, with α = 0.05, to compare the means of the groups and find whichever
was statistically different from the rest. (Only if the variable was statistically significant)
f.        Do a Tukey test, with α = 0.05, to compare the means of the groups and find whichever was
statistically different from the rest. (Only if the variable was statistically significant)