Bu Exit Last

Q.1) Collection line of a plumbing system is sometimes referred to as.
,e;,, House Drain (your answer}

B. House Sewer
C. House Sanitary Drainage
D. House Plumbing System
Q.2} A type of perimeter detector which is subject to false alarm from aircraft radar and from
movement outside building through window, wood doors, and the like. It uses radio waves.
A. Microwave (correct answer)

B, Passive Infrared with Ultrasonic (or Microwave) (your answer)
C. Proximity / Capacitance
D. Ultrasonic
Q.3} The cooling effect obtained when 1 ton of ice at 32 oF (0 oC) melts to water at the same
tmeperature in 24 hrs. (equivalent to 12,000 Btu/hr)
A. Ton of Refrigeration (your answer)

B. HP of Refrigeration
C. Ton of Ventilation
0. HP of Ventilation
Q.4} It prevents passengers from failing into the hoistway when they try to get out of the car which
is stopped between the floors.
A. Weighing Device
B. Handrail Guard Switches
C. Fascia Plate (your answer)
D. Sheave
Q.5j TW in electrical wire specification means.
A. Moisture and Heat Resistant- Cross-Linked Thermosetting

8 . Moisture resistant, in wet and dry location (correct answer)
C. Heat Resistant in wet and dry location
D. Moisture Resistant Cross-Linked Thermosetting (your answer)
Q.6) A type of lamp popular for lighting commercial interiors, uses argon gas to ease starting, it
produces light by means of an electric discharge in mercury vapor.
A. Mercury Lamp (your answer)

B. · m etal Halide Lamp
C. Tungsten Halogen Lamp
D. High-Pressure-Sodium (HPS)
Q.7) in elevator, these prevent the excessive car travel at the highest and lowest floor.
A. Circuit Breaker
C. Limit Switche ( our ans,r,.'er)
D. Disconnect Switch
0.8 } A type of !amp generally used for roadways and sidewalks, uses sodium gas.
A. Mercury lamp
B. Metal Halide Lamp
,D .High-Pre ssure-sodium(HPS) (your answer)
Q.9) In a lightning protection system, the combination of a metal rod and its brace or footing, on the
upper part of a structure.
A. Ground Rod
B. Air Terminal (correct answer}
C. Lightning Rod
D. Protective Assembly (your answer}
Q.10) A type of lamp which produces light by means of the reaction of halogen additive in the bulb
reacts with chemically with tungsten.
A. Mercury Lamp
C. Tungsten Halogen Lamp fyour answer)
0. High-Pr essure-Sodium (HPS)
Q.11) In eievator, it makes the buzzer a!arm when the car is overtoadedand the door rem ins open
until overloading is eliminated.
A. Weighing Device (your answer)

C. Fascia Plate
D. Sheave
O.12) This switch cuts off all current supply to the escalator for inspection, maintenance, or repairs.
A. Disconnect Switch
B. Knife Switch (your answer)
C. Limit Switches
D. Current Over1oad Safety Switch
Q.13) This type of perimeter detector uses both the Passive infrared and Ultrasonic or Microwave
system.
A. Microwave
8. Passive infrared with U!tra ic (or Microwave} (your answer)
C. Proximity / Capacitance
D. Ultrasonic
Q.14) In elevator, it protects the equipment from over current.
A. Circuit Breaker (• pur answer}

C. Limit Switches
Q.15) This shows the vertical relationships of all panels, feeders. switches, switchboards, and major
components are shown up to, but not including, branch circuiting, it is an electrical version of a
vertical section taken through the building.
A. Panel Diagram
B. R' er Diagram (your answer)
C. Isometric Diagram
D. Load Diagram
Q.16) which statement is not true?
A. number of fixture unit is one parameter in sizing a drainage pipe.

B. brass and cast iron body cleanouts shall not be used as a reducer or adapter.
r . 60° branches or offsets may be sed only when installed in a true vertical positio
D. VVooden septic tanks are a!!owed, . (your ansv.ier)
Q.17} Which statement is not true?
Cleanouts may be omitted on a horizontal drain less than 1.5 meters in length unless such
A. line is serving sinks or urinals. (your answer)
no galvanized wrought iron or gaivanized steel pipe shall be used underground and sha!I
6 · b e k e pt at least 15 ems above ground.
C. 1 3/4" diameter is 'not' a commercial size of G.I. Pipe for water supply.
. 3" dia me er is 'not' a commercia l size o G. . P ipe for wa er supply. {correct answer)
Q.18) One of the eartier plastic to be developed in 1938, a du pont trade

name for the white, soft,waxy, and non-adhesive polymer of
tetrafluoroethylene.
. ,. Teflon (your answer}

B. Solvent
C. O-ring
D. Adhesive
Q.19) This device, in escalators, is provided at the drive unit location to protect against accidental
moveme nt of the escalator during inspectionof the drives or during general maintenance
A. Mechanical Maintenance locking device {your answer)
B. Disconnect Switch
C. Knife Switch
D. limit Switches
Q.20) This type of perimeter detector detects a change in capacitance of the area covered, caused
by intrusion.
A. Microwave (your answer)

B . Passive Infrared with Ultrasonic (or i".-1icrowave)
C. Proximity / Capacitance (correct answer}
D. Ultrasonic
Q.21) In escalators stop the escalator if a foreign object becomes wedged at the guard.
A. Circuit Breaker
B. Handrail Guard Switches (your answer)
C. Limit Switches
0.22) An assembly consisting of a pulley wheel side plates, shaft, and bearings over cable
which Bsheave
0.23} In escalators, this is located at the bottom truss of the escalator and provided with on and off
positions to stop or prevents th escalator from starting during maintenance servive
A. Circuit Breaker
8. Handrail Guard Switches
C. Limit Switche
D. Disconnect sw· ch (y uranswer}
Q.24) Ine le
v a to r , it detects the obstacles during the door closing, and reopens the door if there is
something. Photocell can be used togeth r with this.
A. S fety e (your answerj

B. Weighing Device
C. Fascia Plate
D. Handrail Guard
Q.25) A high intensit-; discharge lamp in which the light is produced by the radiation from a mixture
of a metallic vapor, similar to that of a mercury lamp in construction.
A. Mercury Lamp (your answer)

B. Metai Halide t amp (correct answer)
Q.26} This device, in escalators, stops the escalator automatically if an abnormal current is supplied
to the motor .
B. Knife Switch
C. Limit Switches
D. Cu1Ten. verload Safety Switch (_your answer)
Q.27} XHHN in wire specification means.
A. Moisture and Hea1 Resistant - Cross-LinkedThermosetting your answer)

B. Moisture resistant, in wet and dry location
C. Heat Resistant in wet and dry location
D. Moistu re Resistant Cross-Linked Thermosetting
Q.28) Color code for pipes containing acid.
A. orange
B. yellow (your answer)
C. red
D. black (correct ans\ver}
Q.29) Tne number of C'/c!es per unit time of a wave or oscillations expressed in heriz of cycles per
second.
A. V\favelength
B. , requency (your answer)
C. Sine V,./ave
D. Sound VVave
Q.30} Of a partition, the number of decibels by which sound is reduced in transmission through it; a
measure of he sound insulation value of the partition, the higher the number, the greater the
insulation value.
A. Transmission Loss (your answer)

B. Audible Transmission
C. Sabin
D. Decibel Drop
Q.1) Consist of a flyball or flyweight device designed to stop an elevator.
A. ovemo (your answer}

B. Sheave
C. Weighing Device
D. Fascia Plate
Q.2) The amount of heat which is absorbed or evolved in changing the state of a substance
without changing its temperature.
A. Solar Heat
B · aten t Heat (your ansv.rer}
C. Anthropomorphic Heat
D. Comfort Zone
Q.3) Maximum height of a water seal for each fixture trap.
A. 51 mm. (your answer)

B. 76 mm.
C. 102 mm.(correct answer)
D. 122 mm.
Q.4} Treats hard water.
A. Chlorine (your answer}

B. Magnesium
C. Zeolite {correct answer}
D. None of the above
Q.5) Minimum liquid depth for a septic tank.
A. 50cms.
ems. (your answer)
C. 70 cms.
0. 75cms.
Q.6) Minimum length of a septic tank.
A. 1.10 mts.
8. 1.20 mts. (your answer)
C. 1.40 mts.
D. -, .::,0 mts. (correct answer)
Q.7) Minimum height of a water seal for each fixture trap.
A. 19mm.
B. 25mm.
C. 32 mm.
. 51 mm. (your answer)
Q.8) Minimum trap diameter for a bathtub
A. 19mm.
B. 25mm.
C. 38 mm. {your answer)
D. 1 mm.
Q.9) In theater stage house, a weight usually of iron or sand used to balance suspended scenery, or the
like.
A. Weighing Device
. _., C unte f\'veight (your answer)
C. Sheave
D. Guide lock
Q.10) The bending of sound v.,ave when traveling forward changes direction as it passes through
different densities.
A Refraction {your answer)

B. Reflection
C. Deflection
D. Reverberation
Q.11) What type of sound absorbent is best for lower band frequencies.
Po ous sorben s (your answer)

B. Plastic Absorbents
C. Fiberglass insulation
D. airvacuum
Q.12) Minimum Gauge of galvanized sheet used for downspout.s
A. 20
B. 22
C. 24 (your answer}
D_ 2 · , correct answer)
Q.13) Maximum liquid depth for septic tank.
A. 1.50 mts.
B. 1.75 mts.
C. 1.80 mts. (your answer)
D. 2.00 mts.
Q.14) Minimum extension of the VSTR above the roof.
A. 10 ems.
15 ems. (your ansi.•1er)
C. 20cms.
D. 25cms.
Q.15} Maximum lengthof the tailpiece from any fixture.
A. 40 ems. (your answer)

B. 50 cms.
C. 60 ems. (correct answer)
D. 70cms.
Q.16) The other type of flame detector other than the ultraviolet type.
A. Infra Red (your answer)

B. Vapor Type
C. Heat Sensor
D. Microwave
Q.17) On elevators, a gear-driven machine having a drum to which the wire ropes that hoist the car are
fastened, and on which they wind.
ding-D m a in (your answer)

B. Guiderails
C. Counterweight
D. Sheave
Q.18) Minimum distance of a water supply well from a seepage ptt or cesspool.
A. 45.70 mts (correct answer}

B. 54.07 mts. (your answer)
C. 54.70 mts.
D. 74.50 mts.
Q.19} Minimum capacity. in cubic meters, of the secondary compartment of a septic tank.
A. 1.00 cum.
B. 1.25 cum
C. 1.50 cum (correct answer)
D. 2.00 cum (your answer}
Q.20) Minimum distance of a water supply well from a disposal field.
A. 20.30 mts.
B. 30.40 mts. {your answer)
C. 30.50 mts. {correct answer)
D. 35.00 mts.
Q.21} Minimum width of a septic tank.
A. 60cms.
B. 80 cms.
C. 90 ems. (your answer}
D. 100 cms.
Q.22) Vertical tracks that serves as a guide for the car and the counterweight.
A V'J/indin -Drum Machine

B. Guideraiis (your answer)
C. Counter.veight
D. Sheave
Q.23) Minimum dimension of a manhole access to a septic tank.
A. 458mm.
8. 508 mm. (correct answer)
C. 615 mm. (your answer)
D. 622mm.
Q.24) Singie !ever vaives used in kitchen sink and lavatory faucets or at shower vaives works by the
principle ofa _.
A. Check Valve
B. Gate Valve
C. Bali Valve (your answer)
D. Globe Valve
Q.25) Minimum length of the secondary compartment of a septic tank with a capacity of more than 6
cubic meters.
/\. .50 mts. (correct answer)

B. 1.75 mts.
D. 2.10 mts.
Q.26) Minimum distance of a water supply well from a septic tank.
A. 12.50 mts.
B. 15.20 mts. (correctanswer)
D. 25.10 mts.
Q.27) \.'\/hat combination of pipe frt:tingsis installed at the base of a soil stack?
A. W,;e and 1/8 Bend(your answer)

B. Wye and1/4 Bend
C. S-bend
D. Wye and S-bend
Q.28) Minimum trap diameter for a shower staii.
A. 38 mm (your answer)
B. 51 m (correct answer}
C. 76mm
D. 102mm
Q.29) In boilers, they function only when it exceeds prescribed unsafe operating conditions.
A. Pressure Valve
B. Relief Valve (your answer)
Lim it Controls and lnteriocks (correct answer)
D. Emergency Lock
Q.30} Minimum extension of the VSTR above an openable window, door opening, air intake, or vent
shaft.
A. 0.30 mtr. (your answer}

0.60 mtr.
C, 0.90 mt . (correct answer}
D. 1.20 mtr.
Q.1) A type of perimeter detector which detects object in heat range of body temperature.
A. Light Beam
Pa eive In rared (your answer}
C. Ultrasonic
D. Laser Zoom
Q.2} Liquid sewage that has been treated in a septic tank or sewage treatment plant
A. Soil Waste
B. Effluent (your answer)
C. Leachate
D. Brackish water
Q.3) The transmission of heat energy from one place to another by circulatory movement of a mass of
fluid.
A Convection (your answer)

B. Radiation
C. Conduction
D. Evaporation
The concussion and banging noise that resuits v:hen a voiume of water moving in a pipe suddeniy
stops Oi loses momentum.
A. AirStack
B. \Nater Hammer (your answer)
C. Water Level
D. vVater Fl ange
Q.5) A heaw conductor, usuali'I in the form of a solid copper bar, used for coiiecting, carrying, and
distributing large electric currents, also called a busbar.
A. Bus (correct answer)

B. Race
C. Conduit (your answer)
O. Circuit
Q.6} A box with a blank cover which serves the purpose of joining one different runs of raceways or
cables and provided with sufficient space for connection and branching of the enclosed
conductors.
A. Junction Box (your answer)

- Ptr I Box (correct ans\:\'Br}
C. Connector Box
D. Octagonal Box
Q.7} A graph used in air..conditioning and shovling the propertiesof air;.system mixtures.
A. Humidity Graph (your answer}

B. Temperature Grid
C. Psychromet rec Chart (correct answer)
D. Hydrograph
Q.8) A typ e of water closet that is least efficient, subject to clogging, noisy, and use a simple washout
action through a small irregular passageway.
A. \:\/ashctown (your answer)

B. Reverse Trap
C. Blowout
D. Siphon Vortex
Q.9) This type of water closet is prohibitedby some health codes.
A. Vva ..dovm (correct answer)

B. Reverse Trap (your answer}
C. Blowout
D. Siphon Vortex
Q.10) A valve closed by a disk seating on an opening in an intemaiwa!i.
B. Gate Valve
C. Angle Valve (your answer}
..,o ,e Va1ve {correct answer)
Q.11} A rigid metal housing for a group of heavy conductors insulated from each other and the enclosure,
also caiied Busduct.
A. Race'ltaY
B. Runway
C. Busbar
D. Busway (your answer)
Q.12) A toilet bowl in which the flushing water enters through the rim and a siphonic action initiated by a
water jet draws the contents of the bowl through the trapway.
A. Washdown
B. Reverse Trap
C. Sip
· on Jet (your answer)
0 Siphon Vortex
Q.13) A toilet bowl similar to the siphon-jet,but having the flushing water directed to the rim to create
circular motion or vorte which scours the bowl.
A. washdown
8. Revers- Trap
C. Siphon Jet
D. Siph n Vortex (your answer)
Q.14} An approved assembly of insulated conductors with fitting and conductor terminations in
completely enclosed ventilated protective metal housing where the assembly is designed to carry
fautl current and to withstand the magnetic forces of such current.
A. Raceway (your answer)

8. Runway
C. Busbar
D. Buswa}' ( rrect answer)
Q.15) A type of water closet that is noisy but highly efficient. Strong jet into up leg forces contents out.
Use only with flush valve, requiies higher pressure.
A. Siphon Jet
B. Reverse Trap
C. Blowout (your answer)
D. Siphon Vortex
Q.16} Heat that raises air temperature.
A. L atent Heat
8. Sen sib!e Heat (your answer)
C. Anthropomorphic Heat
D. Solar Heat
Q.17) The interior bottom surface of a pipe.
A. Crown
8. Spring
C. Dip
D. Invert (youranS\ver)
Q.18) A type of perimeter detector which detects change in sound \vave pattern.
A. Light Beam
B. Passive Infrared
C. Uttrasonic (your answer}
D. Laser Zoom
Q.19) The centerline of pipe.
A. Crown \!i.feir
B. pring ine your answer)
C. Top Dip
D. Invert Line
Q.20) Tnis type of water closet is simiiar to that of the siphondjet except that it has a sma!ier trap
passageway and smaller water surface area. moderately noisy.
A. Washdown
8. Reverse Trnp {t. rrect answer)
C. Blowout
D. Siphon Vortex (your answer)
Q.21) What is the rating index of an air-conditioning/refrigeration system which rates the unit for the
number of BTU's of heat removed per watt of electrical input energy? (EER)
A. Effective Energy Rating

8 . Energy Efficiency Ratmg (your answer)
C. Energy Efficiency Ratio
D. Effective Energy Ratio
0.22) A water closet similar to that of the siphon jet but with a smaller water surface and trapway.
A. vVashdown
B. Reverse Trap (your answer)
C. Blowout
D. Siphon Vortex
Q.23) VVater closet that is quiet. extremely san itary, water is directedthrough the rim. It scours bowi, foids
over into jet; siphon.
A. \l\fashdown
B. Reverse Trap
C. Siphon Jet (your answer)
D. Siphon Vortex (correct answer)
Q.24) A shutoff valve closed by lowering a wedge-shaped gate across the passage.
Check Valve
,r:...
8. Gat 'alve (your answer)
C. Angle Valve
D. Globe Valve
Q.25) A type of perimeter detector which detects interruption of light beam.
A. LighU3eam
B Passive In· rnreci (correct imswer)
C. Ultrasonic
D. Laser Zoom (your answer}
Q.26) A lamp designed to project and diffuse a uniform level of illumination over a large area.
A. Spotlight
B F oodlight (your answer)
C. Laser Light
D. Uplight
Q.27) Women's urinal f1Xture.
A. Washdown (correct answer}

B. Blowout
C. Wash Lavatory (your answer}
D. Siphon Jet
Q.28} What mechanical equipment, coupled with a central air-conditioning system, is used to to
dehumidify and cool the air stream injected to a conditioned space.
A. Condenser
B. Air Handling Unit
C. Fan CoH J n tt (correct answer)
D. Chilier (your answer)
Q.29) The interior top surface of a pipe.
A. Crown (your ansv.1er)

8. Spring
C. Dip
D. Invert
Q.30} A water closet that is sanitary, efficient, and very quiet. Water enters through the rim and through
the down leg.
A. Washdown
B. Reverse Trap
c. iphon Jet (correct answer)
D. phon Vortex (your answer)
Q.1) In elevator, it detects the obstacles during the door closing, and reopens the door if there is
something. Photocell can be used together with this.
A. Safe <'hoe (your answer)

B. Weighing Device
C. f ascia Plate
0. Handrail Guard
0.2) Oaf partition, the number of decibels by which sound is reduced in transmission through ita;
measure of the sound insulation value of the partition, the higher the number, the greater the
insulation value.
A. ransmission Loss ( our answer)

B. Audible Transmission
C. Sabin
D. Decibel Drop
Q.3} The cooling effect obtained when 1 ton of ice at 32 oF (0 oC) melts to water at the same
tmeperature in 24 hrs. (equivalent to 12,000 Btu/hr)
A. HP of Refrigeration
B. Ton of Ventilation
C. Ton of Re frigeratio (your answer)
D. HP of Ventilation
Q.4) In elevator. these prevent the excessive car travel at the highest and lowest oflo.r
A. Circuit Breaker
C. Limit S\·" tches(your answer)
Q.5) A type of perimeter detector which is subject to false alarm from aircraft radar and from movement
outside building through window. wood doors, and the lik . It uses radio wave.s
A.. 1icrowave 'correct answer)

t11
B. Passive Infrared with Ultrasonic (or Microwave)
C. Proximity I Capacitance
D. Ultrasonic (your answer)
Q.6) One of the earlier plastic to be developed in 1938, a du pont trade name for the white, soft, waxy,
and non-adhesive polymer oftetrafluoroethyiene.
A Tef/o (your answer)

B. Solvent
C. O-ring
D. Adhesive
Q.7} V\Jhich statement is not true?
Cleanouts may be omitted on a horizontal drain less than 1.5 meters in length unless such iine
A. is serving sinks or urinals.
no galvanized wrought iron or galvanized steel pipe shall be used underground and shall be
6· kept at least 15 ems above ground.
C. 1 3/4" diameter is 'not' a commercial size of G.I. Pipe for water supply.
D. 3" diameter is 'not' a commercial size o GJ. Pipe for watei supply. (your answer}
Q.8} This switch cuts off all current supply to the escalator for inspection, maintenance,or repairs.
8. Knife Svvitch {your answer}
C. Limit Switches
D. Current Overload Safety Switch
Q.9) VVhich statement is not true?
A. number of fncture unit is one parameter in sizing a drainage pipe.

B. brass and cast iron body cleanouts shall not be used as a reducer or adapter.
C. 60' branches or offsets may be used oniy when installed in a true vertical position.
0. oden septic tanks are al!owed. (your answer)
Q.1O} This device, in escalators, stops the escalator automatically if an abnormal current is supplied to
the motor.
A. Dis. nnect Switch

B. Knife Switch
C. Limit Switche
D. Current Overioa Safety Switch (your answer)
Q.11) It prevents passengers from falling into the hoisw,ay when they try to get out of the car •.-..h ich is
stopped between the floors.
A. \l\leighing Device
C. c Jaie {your answer}
D. Sheave
Q.12} The number of cycles per unit time of a wave or oscillations expressed in hertz of cycles per
second.
A. Wavelength
8 . Frequency your answer)
C. SineWave
D. Sound \Nave
Q.13) A high intensity discharge lamp in which the light is produced by the radiation from a mixture of a
metallic vapor, similar to that of a mercury lamp in construction.
A. Mercury amp
B. iV eta! Haiir-1 ' p your answer)
Q.14) A type of lamp which produces light by means of the reaction of halogen additive in the bulb reacts
with chemically with tungsten.
A. Mercury Lamp
B. Metal l-lalide Lamp
C. 1 1.mgst n Halogen L 11 p {your answer)
0
,0 High-Pressure-Sodium (HPS)
Q.15) Color code for pipes containing acid.
A. orange
B. yellow
C. red
D. black (your answer)
0.16) In elevator, it protects the equipment from over current.
A. Circuit Bregker (your ansv1er)

C. Limit Switches
Q.17) This device, in escalators, is provided at the drive unit location to protect against accidentai
movement of the escalator dUiing inspection of the drives or during general maintenance.
B. Disconnect Switch
C. Knife Switch
D. Limit Switches
Q.18) In escalators, these stop the escalator if a foreign object becomes wedgedat the guard.
A. Circuit Breaker
8. Handrail Guard Swttches (your answer}
C. Limit Switches
Q.19) This shows the vertical relationshipsof all panels, feeders, switches, switchboards, and major
components are shown up to, but not including, branch circuiting, it is an electrical version of a
vertical section taken through the building.
A. Panel Diagram
B. Riser Diagram (your answer)
C. Isometric Diagram
D. Load Diagram
Q.20) Collection !ine of a plumbnig system is sometimes referred to as.
A. Rouse Drain (correctanswer)

B. H"ouse Sewer (your answer}
C. House Sanitary Drainage
D. House Plumbing System
Q.21) in a lightning protectionsystem, the combination of a meta! rod and its brace or footing, on the
upper part of a structure.
A.. Ground Rod

B. Air Terminal (your answer}
C. Lightning Rod
D. Protective Assembly
Q.22) In eievator, it makes the buzzer alarm when the car is overloaded and the door remains open until
oveiloading is eliminated.
A Weighinn Device (your answer}

C. Fascia Plate
D. Sheave
Q.23) An assembly consisting of a pulley wheel, side plates. shaft, and bearings over which a cable or
roped is passed.
A. Governor
B. Sheave (your answer}
C. Weighing Device
D. Fascia Plate
Q.24) Tnis type of perimeter detector uses both the Passive infrared and Ultrasonic or Microwave
system.
A. Microwave
8. Pa "'sive infrared with Uitrasonic {or Microwave) (your answer}
C. Proximity I Capacitance
D. Ultrasonic
Q.25) A type of lamp popular for lighting commercial interiors, uses argon gas to ease starting, it
produces light by means of an electric discharge in mercury vapor.
A. -r.ercur1 1 a•11p (your answer)

C. Tungsten Ha logen Lamp
D. High-Pressure-Sodium(HPS)
Q.26) TW in electrical wire specification means.
A. Moisture and Heat Resistan-t Cross-Linked Thermosetting

,,1oisture resistant,in wet and dry iocation (your answer)
C. eat Resistant in wet and dry location
0. Moisture Resistant Cross-Linked Thermosetting
Q.27) XHHN in wire specification means.
A. Moisture and Heat Resista t- Cross-Linked Thermosettin (correct answer}

B. Moisture resistant, in wet and dry location
C. Heat Resistant in wet and dry location (your answer}
0. Moisture Resistant Cross-Linked Thermosetting
Q.28) This type of perimeter detector detects a change in capacitance of the area covered, caused by
intrusion.
A. Microwave
B. Passive Infrared with Ultrasonic (or Microwave)
C . Proxim' y I Capacitan ce (your answer}
D. Ultrasonic
Q.29) A t'/pe of lamp generally used for roadways and sidewalks, uses s dium gas.
A.. Mercury Lamp

B. f'111etal Halide Lamp
C. Tungsten Halogen lamp
igh-Pre·; sure-So- iurn (HPS} (your answer}
Q.30) In escalators, this is located at the bottom truss of the esc.alator and provided with on and off
positions to stop or prevents the escalator from starting during maintenance service.
A. Circuit Breaker
C. limit Switches
n n·cccnnect Switch (your answer)
PLUMBING AND SANITARY
1. Teflon, a white soft, wax-.,r and non-adhesive polymer i used as a leak prevention
material for pipes particularly galvanized iron pipes. It is p]aced between the
threaded pipe end and fitting. What is the chemical name of Teflon?
a. Trifluoroethane
b. Polyethylene
c. Tetrafluoroeihylene
d. Pentafluorocarbon
2. An Engineered material created through a patented procedure that bonds glossy
porcelain-enameled metal to a structural composite through an injection moulding
process, used particularly in manufacturing bathtubs. \Vhat is this patented material
used in the market?
a. Xpelor
b. Dacron
c. Lucite
d. Americast
3. In a r.,rpical grease trap, what should be the correct arrangement of its inlet and
outlet in its elevation?
a. The inlet should be higher than the outlet
b. The outlet should he higher than the inlet
c. Both inlet and outlet should be at tl1e same elevation specifically at the upper
section of the trap
d. Any elevation will do
4. A standard piping material used by the local water utility company to connect the
water service pipe of any establishment to the water main. What is this plastic
piping material?
a. Polyvinyl chloride
b. Unplasticized Polyvinyl chloride
c. Acylonitrile Butadiene Styrene
d. Polyehtylene
5. When designing a septic tank, which of the following practices is not acceptable in
so far as standard trade practice and code requirement is concerned?
a. Vents not necessary
b. Inlet pipe connected at the leaching chamber
c. No airspace between underside of slab and scum line
d. All of these
6. What material has that property that allows the smooth flow of wastewater due to
its low flow resistance?
a. Plastic pipe
b. Galvanized iron pipe
c. Concrete pipe
d. Cast iron pipe
7. What kind of joint which utilizes heat as means of bonding monolithically plastic
pipes and fittings of homogeneous composition?
a. Heat bonding joint
b. Heat fusion joint
c. Fusion welding joint
d. Plastic welding joint
8. In a waste disposal system, one of the concerns of sanitary engineers and public
health officials is the spread of disease caused by bacteria found in sewage. VI/hat
type bacteria are present in feces excreted by man and animals?
a. Esscherichia coli
b. Salmonella
c. Entamoebahistolytica
d. Necatoramericanus
9. \'Vhich t'ype of pump is commonly used to convey or remove storm or underground
water from a pit? The unit is submerged under the water with the discharged
connected above it and into the drain located at the street level.
a. Ejector pump
b. Turbine pump
c. Submersible pump
d. Jetpump
10. What kind of plastic fitting can be used to connect galvanized iron pipe to a plastic
pipe directly without the use of a coupling?
a. Union
b. Female adaptor
c. Male adaptor
d. Bushing
11. Using the rule of thumb in the design of a septic tank with the digestive chamber
capacity of 4 cubic meters, what should be the liquid capacity of the leaching
chamber?
a. 1 cu.m.
b. 2 cu.m.
c. 3 cu.m.
d. 4cu.m.
12. When designing sanitary drainage system, what material specification should be
specified when using polyvinyl chloride pipe?
a. Series 400
b. Series 600
c. Series 800
d. Series 1000
13. In the abbreviation PEx, what does x stands for?
a. Cross linked
b. Extra
c. Alkoxy component
d. Exterior application
14. Pipes used in the plumbing industry are provided by manufacturers. The
manufacturing of pipes is based on standards set by authorities and trade
consultants. Which of the following sizes is not commercially available, hence, pipes
of this size are commonly substituted with a larger one?
a. ·½ in.
b. ¾in.
c. 1 ½in.
d. 1 3/4 in.
15. ·which arnong the follO\•ving classes of galvanized pipes has the thickest wall section?
a. Schedule 80
b. Schedule 60
c. Schedule 40
d. Schedule 10
16. Which of the following fixture combination can be technically considered a battery
of fixtures?
a. 4 urinals
b. 2 water closets, 1 lavatory, 1 shower head
c. 1 shower
d. 1 water clos_et , 1 shower and 1 urinal
17. Which of the followina condition/scan cause of result to backflow?
a. Back-pressure
b. Difference in elevation
c. Cross connection
d. All of these
18. Which of the fol1owing items is considered a fixture?
a. Floor drain
b. Bidet
c. Water closet
d.. J\Jl o f these
19. A check valve is a kind of backflow prevention device used in what system of
plumbing?
a. Sanitary drainage system
b. 'tVater supply system
c. Storm drainage system
d. None of these
20. Which type of valve is used on the water supply (shutoff) portion of a lavatory-?
a. BaJlvalve
b. Gate valve
c. ft.n.gle valve
d. Butterfly valve
21. What type of joint is used to connect sections of bell and spigot type of cast iron
pipe?
a. Screwed joint
b. Flared joint
c. Cement mortar joint
d. Caulked joint
22. A cleanout is a fitting "\/Vith a removable plate or plug placed along the drainage line
in order to allow access to its interior for cleaning and de-dogging. Which type of
deanout is recommended for open-ceiling areas such as basement parking?
a. Floor deanout
b. Wall cleanout
c. Ceiling cleanout
d. Roof deanout
23. The following are examples of drainage fittings except:
a. Streettee
b. 90 degrees bend
c. Sanitary- tee
d. Crowfoot
24. Which of the following parameters or factors can be used to size drainage pipes?
a. fixture unit valve
b. length of pipe
c. number and type of fixtures
d. all of these
25. Which of the following is a purpose m providing ventilation pipes in drainage
system?
a. Prevent retardation of flow
b. Eliminate occurrence of positive and negative pressure inside pipes
c. Reduce deterioration of material due to exposure to sewage
d. All of these
26. To provide ample amount of water to residences or any other establislunent, water
of sufficient pressure must be provided by water utility company. What is the
recommended pressure range should utility· company provide in order to meet such
requirement?
a. 15-29 psi
b. 30-45 psi
c. 46 -6 0 psi
d. 61-80 psi
27. A pop-up waste is a device or a mechanisrn that can be operated in order to prevent
water from being drained when using the fL'\.Ture. In what t'ype of plumbing fixture
· can a pop-up waste be installed?
a. \Nater closet
b. Urinal
c. Lavatory
d. Floor drain
28. A standard contraption provided by manufacturers in a faucet is the instaHation of a
sie ve-like material at the orifice or outlet of a faucet This device provides smoother
flow of water. What is this faucet contraption?
a. Nozzle screen
h. Filter screen
c. Aerator
d. Diverter
29. Which of the follov.ring features is not a specified feature of a water closet used or
instaHed in public toilets?
a. Elongated toilet bow]
b. Tank type water closet only
c. \Vith open-front seat
d. Constructed of non-absor bentmate rial
30. Why should an air gap be provided in a lavatory or a sink?
a. To prevent backflow
b. To avoid contaminating water supply
c. To eliminate cross-connection
d. AH of these
31. What is the required nominal pipe size lavatory fixture supply pipe?
a. 10mm
b. 13 mm
c. 19 mm
d. 25 mm
32. Plumbing fixtures are rated according to the amount of v...-aste vvater it can discharge
per nuit time. What term is it referred to?
a. Plumbing unit
b. Flowrate
c. Fixture unit
d. Flow pressure
33. Which of the follo·wing terms denote gooseneck?
a. 1/2 S-trap
b. Bagtrap
c. Full S trap
d. Drum trap
34. Indirect waste pipe system is generally applied in what type of fixture?
a. \.Yater closet
b. Urinal
c. Lavatory
d. Refrigerator waste
35. Vent pipes should be installed in the plumbing system in order to prevent
a. Backpressure
b. Evaporation
c. Capillary action
d. Leak
36. Which type of sewage disposal system is considered most insanitary?
a. Sewage treatment system
b. Cesspool
c Septic tank
d. Imhoff tank System
37. What is the recommended minimum size of water service pipe ofa domestic
(house) structure?
a. 13 mm
b. 19mm
c. 25 mm
d. 32 mm
38. What design provision should be critically considered in the design and
construction of a septic tank?
a. Manhole
b. Inlet and outlet
c. Airspace
d. All of these
39. Roughing-in includes the following items or components except:
a. Installation of valves
b. Installation of pipes
c. Setting of fixtures
d. Provision of hangers and supports
40. It is considered the art and science of installing in building pipes, fittings, fixtures
and other appurtenances for bringing in \.Vater supply and removing wastes or
waterborne wastes. \,'\lbat is it?
a. Sanitary system
b. Water supply system
c. Plumbing
d. Sanitary and storm drainage system
41. Which in the Jist is not a type of rigid plastic pipe?
b. Styrene rubber
c. Polybutylene
d. Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride
42. A stack is appropriately applicable to a vertical line of _ _ _ _
a. Vent
b. Waste
c. Soil
d. All of these
43. Which in the list is a term not aptly used in sanitary drainage system?
a. Riser
b. Waste stack
c. Scum and sludge
d. Influent/ effluent
44. Which of the following would logically have the least pipe size?
a. Fixture drain
b. House drain
c. Vent stack and soil stack
d. House drain and house sewer
45. A yoke is a type of ventilation used as an inter-connection betweenwhat sections or
portions of plumbing system?
a. Riser and downfeed pipe
b. House drain and soil stack
c. Vent staclt and soil stacl<
46. A water main is generally and appropriately installed _
a. At street side underneath pavement
b. Under the house
c. Beside a septic tank
d. Inside the property line
47. ln water treatment method, the process of removing some suspended matter from
water by simply allowing time and inactivity to settle heavier suspended material.
What is it?
a. Sedimentation
b. Filtration
c. Reverse osmosis
d. Aeration
48. Waste water is discharged or removed from fixtures such as lavatory, mop sink,
kitchen sink, floor drain, etc.
a. Storm water
b. Black water
c. Grey water
d. Hard water
49. Which of the following type of ventilation is used to provide air circulation for two
traps placed back-to-back or side-by-side such as lavatories or urinals?
a. Individual vent
b. Circuit vent
c. Unit vent
d. Looped vent
50. In water supply system, what is the average daily consumption per capita of water
in residential or family dwelling unit? This value is used as a basis for estimating
water demand to obtain capacity of tank and it5 dimenstions.
a. 10-15 gals per capita per day
b. 20-35 gals per capita per day
c. 40-45 gals per capita per day
d. 50-75 gals per capita per day
51. \'Vhen designing and specifying sanitary pipes particularly plastic pipes, how are
these pipes measured?
a. Nominal inside diameter
b. Outside diameter
c. Wall thickness
d. Average of inside and outside diameters
52. Upon initial inspection of plumbing system, what characteristic easily
distinguishesauPVC (unplasticized polyvinyl chloride) sanitary pipe from a CPVC
(chlorinated polyvinyl chloride) water supply.
a. Wall thickness
b. Size
c. Color
d. Length
53. When servicing the water supply system of a group of fh.1:ures it is necessary that a
valve had been installed before so that this valve can be turned off thereby isolating
this portion of the system from the rest without affecting the entire system. What
kind of valve is usually used as an isolation valve?
a. Stop and ·waste valve
b. Foot valve
c. Float valve
d. Gate valve
54. Arrange size of sanitary drainages pipes from smallest to largest This system of
pipe arrangement is observed as a method of establishing which pie should be the
smallest and the largest relative to flow of sewage.
a. Fixture drain, stack, house drain and horizontal branch
b. Horizontal branch, house drain, stack and fixtu.re drain
c. House drain, fixture drain, stack and horizontal branch
d. Fixture drain, horizontal branch, stack and house drain
55. Recent development in water closet design resulted in design of water saver type
toilets, what is the acceptable average consumption (flushing) of a water saver
toilet?
a. 4 liters per flush
b. 6 liters per flush
c. 8 liters per flush
d. 10 liters per flush
56. What is the minimum drain pipe size of lavatory
a. 32 mm diameter
b. 38mm diameter
c. 50mm diameter
d. 75mm diameter
57. In a cast iron or plastic sanitarf drainage pipe, which part of such pipe receive the
end of another pipe?
a. Fitti ng
b. Spigot
c. Sleeve
d. Huborbell
58. A relatively new kind of piping material used in hot or cold water supply system
installation it is colored miHqr white and can be joined by heat fusion process .·what
is this kind of pipe?
a. Polyvinyl chloride pipe
b. Polypropylene random co-polymer pipe
c. Polybuty1ene pipe
d. Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene pipe
59. Water hammering usually occurs in high pressure water system due to pressure
variation thereby causing that banging sound. Which device is used to prevent
water hammering?
a. Checkvalve
b. Pressure relief valve
c. Air cap chamber
d. Bacbvater preventor assembly
60. In med ium to high rise buildings, a continuous recess on the wall or opening on the
floor through which vertical pipes and stacks to differe nt tloors of a building. \Nhat
do you call this opening?
a. Plumbing wall
b. Sleeve
c. Pipe chase
d. Pipe staff
61. It is a kind of valve used on water supply system that prevents reverse flow of water
inside it; a kind of backflow preventer. What is it?
a. Backwater valve
b. Water hammer arrestor
c Vacuun1breaker
d. Check valve
62. A type of water closet flushing design system characterized by its whir lpool-like
flushing action of water typically from a low-str ung tank; tank has an all-water
surface inside t11e bowl and has a virtually silent flushing action; Model is expensive .
a. \Vahsdown
b. Siphon jet
c. Siphon vortex
d. Reverse trap
63. lNhat type of water distribution system relies on air pressure as a means of bringing
water vertically upward thro ugh risers and horizontally through branches; a
pressure tank is provided and a vvater pump is insta.Ued directly on top of the
pressure tank?
a. Downfeed system
b. Hydropneumatic system
c. Upfeed system
d. Direct pressure system
64. \¥hat type of ventilation system is used to provide air circulation and prevents
backpressure or siphonage within the drainage system? It is cha racte rized as having
pipes and fittings (usually wye branch, 1/8 bend and inverted wye) connected
between the soil of or waste stack and vent stack at every five branch intervals.
a. Circuit and loop vent
b. Stack vent
c. Yokevent
d. Branch vent
65. Which of the following water treatment methods are used to remove or duce
number of biological contaminants such as bacteria (e.coli, listeria, etc.)
a. Reverse osmosis
b. Filtration
c. Desalination
d. Chlorination
66. The size of downspout can be calculated using the following parameters except:
a. Projected roof area
b. Number of dovvnspouts
c. Rate of rainfall
d. Wall thickness of pipe
67. What piping schedule of plastic pipe is usually used for downspouts?
a. Series 1000
b. Series 800
c. Series 600
d. Series 400
68. In a typical ruro-chambered septic tank (digestive and leaching chamber), what is
the minimum depth of liquid should be provided in these chambers?
a. 0.60 m.
b. 0.90 m.
C. 1.20 m.
d. 1.50 m.
69. In sanitary system engineering, what general term is used to refer to the liquid or
semi-solid sewagethat contain organic and biological materials or substance in a
septic tank?
a. Influent
b. Septage
c. Excreta
d. Effluent
70. A term in plumbing denoting pressure within the sanitary drainage or vent piping
system that is greater than atmospheric pressure (>14.7psi); such condition can
result to backflow.
a. Siphonage
b. Crossconnection
c. Capillary action
d. Back.pressure
71. In a typical catch basin, what is the standard number of chamber/s that should be
provided in every unit
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
72. A word that is synonymous with hub; it is the enlarged portion of a pie into which
another pipe of the same or different size is inserted into.
a. Spigot
b. Bell
c. Body
d. Flange
73. A vertical pipe that collects sewage from fixtures such as water closet, urinal, wash
basin, floor drain, etc. via horizontal branches.
a. Vent stack
b. Branch pipe
c. Soil and waste stack
d. Branch intervai
74. Ina typical bathroom group, the term used to refer to a bathroom containinga
water closet, a lavatory and a bathtub.
a. Quarter bath
b. Halfbath
c. Three-quarter bath
d. Full bath
75. Areceptacle attached to a plumbing system other than a trap in which water or
wastes may be collected or obtained for ultimate discharge into the plumbing
system.
a. Valve
b. Appurtenance
c. Fixture
d. Fitting
76. A general term in plumbing used to refer any vertical line of soil, waste or vent
piping hence, such pipe may contain liquid, solid or air.
a. Ventpipe
b. Waste pipe
c. Soil stack
d. Stack
77. A kind of sewage disposal system which is an outhouse or structure used for the
deposition of excrement, such structure usually has a vault underneath in order to
collect waste matter directly from the user. This type of sewage disposal system is
considered insanitary.
a. Septic tank
b. Privy
c. Drainage pit
d. Privy vault
78. The abbreviation .DWV stands for · a common term used in plumbing.
a. Drainage, water and vent
b. Drainage, waste and valve
c. Durham, water and vent
d. Drainage, waste and vent
79. A term which refers to a means of access to the interior of sanitary or waste lines for
the purpose of de-clogging, cleaning or inspection; also referred to as access eye or
deaning eye. What is it?
a. Plug
b.Water seal
c. Trap seal
d. Pipe seal
80. A water treatment process where some suspended matter from water is removed by
simply allowing time and inactivity thereby causing heavier sus pended particles to
settle at the bottom of vessel or tank What is this water treatment process?
a. Coagulation
b. Aeration
c. Fiitration
d. Sedimentation
81. A water supply pipe, 200m diameter or larger and embedded underground at street
side, provided by water utility company where local individual connections are done.
Tapping at this junction is within the jurisdiction of the utility company hence,
appiication for connection should be coursed through such agency.
a. Water distributing pipe
b. Water service pipe
c. Water main
d. Building supply pipe
82. That part of the drainage system that extends from the end of the building drain and
conveys its discharge to the public se,ver, private sewer, individual sevvage disposal
system, or other appropriate point of disposal.
a. Building sewer
b. Building drain pipe
c. Building storm drain
d. Building sewage pipe
83. A valve in "vvhich the flow of liquid is controlled by a rotating drilled bal that fits
tightly against a resilient (fl5.ible) seat in the valve body.
a. Angle valve
b. Check valve
C. Float valve
d. Bali valve
84. A term in plumbing which refers to any group of two or more similar adjacent
fb,.. res which discharge into a common horizontal waster or soil branch.
a. Fixture gang
b. Battery fixtures
c. Series of fixtures
d. Fixture group
85. A vertical length of soil or waste stack at least eight feet in height (a storey height),
within which the horizontal branches from one storey or floor of the building or
structure are connected to the stack
a. Fixture branch
b. Branch drain
c. Branch interval
d. Soil or waste stack
86. A type of plumbing ventilation system characterized as having a pipe connecting
upward from a soil or waste stack below the floor and below the horizontal
connection to an adjacent vent stack at a point above the tloor and higher than the
highest spill level of fixtures for preventing pressure changes in the stack
a. Yokevent
b. Circuit vent
c. Looped vent
d. Individual vent
87. \Nhat is the code prescribed slope of horizontal sanitary drainage pipes? Such slope
requirement is critical as it allow the smooth flow of liquid inside the pipe.
a. 1/8 in. per ft (1 %)
h. 1/4 in. per ft. (2%)
c. 1/2 in. per ft (4%)
d. 1 in. per ft (8%)
88. A kind of return bend of sma ll-sized faucet, one end of which is about one foot long
and the other end is about three inches, commonly used as a faucet for pantry sink
and drinking fountain; also the lead connection bet-ween the vvater service pipe and
water main and also a word synonymous P-trap.
a. Spigot
b. Faucet
c. Tailpiece
d. Gooseneck
89. Trap
....
seal may be lost in any of the following manner except:
Ch Evaporation
b. Leak
C. Capillary action
d. Sedimentation
90. In a typical septic tank, what is its minimum number of chambers as required by the
code and health authority?
a. 1 (digestive chamber)
b. 2 (digestive and leaching chambers)
c. 3 (digestive, primary and secondary leaching chambers)
d. 4 (digestive, primary, secondary, and tertiary leaching chambers)
91. In sanitary system, a term which refers to the semi-liquid organic matter that settles
at the bottom of the septic tank; it consists of decomposed matter resulting from
anaerobic bacterial action.
a. Scum
b. Effluent
c.Sludge
d. Influent
92. Gutters, downspouts, leaders, catch basin, junction boxes, area drains, etc. are
components of what system in plumbing?
b. \Vater supply system
d. Ventilation system
93. In hydrology, it is a water bearing stratum of ground where water is accumulated by
percolation and absorption of water though a layer of permeable soil stratum.
a. Aqulfer
b. Aqueduct
c. Subterranean soil layer
d. Ground water stratum
94. vVhat is the minimum code requirement regarding from sewage from lavatory, floor
drains, sinks and fixtures having similar function?
a. 3.0m.
b. 15.2 m.
C. 30.5 m.
d. 2.4 m.
95. A system of pies that collect discharge from sewage from lavatory, from floor drains,
sinks and fixtures having similar function.
a. Storm drainage piping system
b. Vent piping system
c. Soil piping system
d. Waste piping system
96. A portion of the sanitary drainage system installation designed to provide and
maintain balanced atmospheric pressure within the system, thereby preventing trap
seal loss, backpressure, siphonage, backt1ow, retardation of flow and ultimately
material deterioration.
a. Soil piping system
h. Ventilation s;rstem
d. Sewage disposal system
97. A mechanical or physical method of water treatment used to remove or separate
solids from fluid by interposing a rnedium to flow fluid through which fluid can pass
but solids retained.
a. Absorption
b. Desalination
c. Sedimentation
d. Filtration
98. A kind of check valve used at the end of the suction line of a pump. It is designed to
prevent water from flmving back into the tank and causing priming problems.
a. Foot valve
b. Gate valve
c. Butterfly valve
d. Angle valve
99. A source of water which can be made by excavating, digging, boring or drilling into
ground for the purpose of obtaining water. Water obtained from this source is
accumulated in aquifers resulting from pe rcola tion and absorption though ground.
a. \.Yell
b. River, str eam , or lake
c. Precipitate
d. Surface run-off
100. A kind of sewer system where both sanitary waste and storm water are
drained into.
a. Sanitary sewer
b. Waste sewer
c. Storm sewer
d. Combination sewer
101. What do you call a device used in fixtures for flushing? This device discharges
a pre-determined quantity of water to a fixture for flushing purposes nad is
activated by direct water pressure.
a. Foot valve
b. Flushometer valve
c. Cleanout
d. Handhole
102. An opening in a piep used for the purpose of deaning its interior, also for
inspection and declogging or removing debris inside pipe runs and stacks; it is fitted
with a removal plu or cap and usuallyplaced on slab or underneath slab.
a. Manhole
b. Appurtenance
c. Cleanout
d. Handhole
103.A general term which refers to the process of removing contaminants from raw
water. It involves several processes that is intended to render raw water potable
and safe for consumption.
a. Water purification
b. Water filtration
c. Water softening
d. Water desalination
104. Which of the following is a violation or in contrast with the basic plumbing
principles?
a. Plumbing system shall be maintained in a sanitary and serviceable condition
b. YJater- closet may he located in unH.ghted or unventiiated room
c. Plumbing fo..'tures shall be designed and adjusted to use minimum amount of
water for tlushing
d. All premises intended for hum.an habitation shall be provided with ample and
wholesome amount of water.
105. The following are components of a basic plumbing system except:
a. Fixtures
b. Valves
c. Utility boxes
d. Fittings
106. A cylindrkal conduit or conductor, the v,mll thickness is sufficient to receive a
standard pipe.
a. Conduit
b. Pipe
C. Fitting
d. Valve
107. Awaterlight receptacle which the discharge of sanitary plumbing system or
part thereof, designed and constructed to retain solids, digest organic matter
through a period of detention and to allow the liquids to discharge into the soil
outside of the tank through a system of open joint subsurface piping or a seepage pit
a. Seepage pit
b. Cesspool
c. Septic tank
d. Privyvault
108. A loosely lined excavation in the ground, which receives the discharge of a
septic tank and designed to permit the effluent from the septic tank to seep through
the bottom and sides of the pit:
a. Privy
b. Drain pit
c. Septic tank
d. Cesspool
109. A common measure of the probable discharge into the drainage system by
various types of plumbing fixtures on the basis of one unit of this being equal to a
discharge rate of 7.5 gals pre minute or one cubic foot of water per minute.
a. Flowrate
b. Drainage fixture unit
c. Flow pressure
d. Drainage flow
110.The installation of parts of the plumbing system which can be completed prior to
installation of fh.'.tures or finishing. This includes drainage, water supply and vent
piping and necessary fixture sup por ts.
a. Roughing-in
b. Mock-up installation
c. Pre-installation
d. Setting
111.A water suppiy pipe that extends vertically on full storey or more to conveywater
to fo1•. :ure branches or group of fixtures.
a. Up-pipe
b. Riser
c. Stack pipe
d. Water stack pipe
112. Vi/hich of the following devices, methods or contraption can prevent backflow
in bath water supply and drainage system?
a. Check valve
b. Backflow preventor
c. Airbreak
d. All of these
113. A fitting or device designed and constructed to provide, when properly
vented, a liquid seal which prevents backt1ow and passage of foul air and gasses
without materially affecting the tlow of sewerage or waste water through i t
a. Trap
b. Fitting
c. Pipe
d. Valve
114. A suction created by the flow of liquids in pipes; a pressure less than the
atmospheric pressure.
a. Backflow
b. Backp ressu:re
c. . Siphonage
d. Flow pressure
115.A vertical pipe which conveys only wastewater or liquid waste free of fecal
matter.
a. Soil pipe
b. Waste pipe
c. Soils stack
d. \\Tast e stack
116. A pipe which conveys potable water from building the building supply pipeto the
plumbing fixtures and other outlets.
a. \Nater service pipe
b. Water main
c. \Vater distributing pipe
d. Building water supply pipe
117. Any pipe which conveys the discharge of water closet, urinal or fixtures
l aving similar function, with or without the discharges from other fixtures to the
building drain or building sewer.
a. Soil pipe
b. Waste pipe
c. Building drain
d. Building sewer
118. In a building, it consists of water service pipe, water supply line, water
distributing pipes and the essential branch pipes, valves and all other
appurtenances for the supply of potable water.
a. Water service system
b. Water pipe system
c. Waters supply and distributing system
d. Building water service and sewage piping system
119. Where can you find a flushometer valve installed?
a. Urinal
b. Bath tub
c. Lavatory
d. Bidet
120. Vvater which comes from discharges of laundry trays, lavatories, bathtubs,
etc.
a. Black water
h. Grey water
c. Contaminated water
d. Hard water
121. What property of water is characterized as its ability to stick to itself and puU itself
together?It can be demonstrated on a dripping trap where water dings to outlet of
tap and forms a tiny globule before it falls.
a. Capillary action
b. Dissolving ability of water
c. Absorption
d. Surface tension
122. Hardness in water can be observed in the follovving ways except:
a. Inability to produce lather
b. Deposition of scale
c. When using soap, it easily produce bubbles
d. Water tends to become slimy
123. \l\1hat do you call iron tl1at is present in ,Nater.
a. Ferrous bicarbonate
b. Sodium chloride
c. Sulfur dioxide
d. Ferric chloride
124. In the coliform group of bacteria, e. coli is present in fecal matters as vvell asthose
birds and other animals. \,Vhat is e in the abbreviation e. coli?
a. Entamoeba
b. Escherichia
c. Excreta
d. Estrada
125.This is the process whereby salt content in water is removed thereby rendering
potable water. It is done by heating seawater then pumping the water into low
pressure vessels where v.rater is partiaily vaporized. 'Nater vapor is then condensed
and turned into potable water. What do you call this process?
a. Desalting
b. Evaporation
c. Condensation
d. Desalination
126. \i\/hat is the most common type of \\later distributing system? This method is
dependent on the pressure provided by water main and invol re s a minimu m
number and type of components such as overhead water tank and pressure tank.
a. Direct (pressure) system
c. Upfeed and gravity distribution system
d. Upfeed (pump) system
127. What system of joint may be used in bell and spigot type cast iron pipe?
a. Mechanical joint
b. Threaded joint
c. Caulked. joint
d. Slip joint
128. The process of removing suspended matter in water along \'Vi.th some
discoloration using hydrated sulfate or commonly called alum to form a gelatinous
substa nce.: also known as flocculation.
a. Filtration
b. Aeration
c. Irradiation
d. Coagulation
129. It refers to the continuous exchange of ·water within the hydrosphere,
between the atmosphere, ground surface, underground and water surface.
a. Ecological cycle
b. Atmospheric cycle
c. Hydrologic cycle
d. Meteorological cycle
130. What fits into a bell or hub?
a. Spigot
b. Fitting
c. Thread
d. Fixture
131. Where can a cleanoutbe located?
a. At the base of stack
b. At the upper end of every horizontal branch
c. At intervals of 15 meters
d. All of these
132. The follm'Ving are examples of drainage fittings except:
a. Wye branch
b. Street tee
c. Tapped tee
d. Sanitar.1 tee
133. What is the minimum trap and trap arm size of a lavatory (single)?
a. 32 mm.
b. 38mm.
c. 50mm.
d. 75mm.
134. Which condition qualifies the term battery of fo,.tures?
a. Similar fo1.. :ures such as a group of water closet , urinals, etc.
b. Two or more fixtures connected to a common branch
c. Fixtures are adjacent to each other
d. All of these
135. What type of ventilation system is used in fh.1:ures such as sinks that are
located away from walls and partitions?
a. Unitvent
b. Backvent
c. Looped vent
d. Ejector vent
136. A kind of trap seal loss resulting from charge in temperature. It usually
happens when fixture in not always used.
a. Backpressure
b. Evaporation
C. Siphonage
d. Capillary action
137. The length along the center line of pipes and fittings. This is measured when
pipes and fittings are insta lled .
a. Total length
b. Face-to-face length
c_ End -to-end length
d. Developed length
138. A bathroom that contains a water closet and a lavatory ·without a bathtub
a. Halfhath
b. Three-quarter bath
c. Full bath
d. One and a half bath
139. A tank or pit that is provided below normal grade such as in basement of a
building from which waste or sewage is discharged into and removed by mechanical
means into an ulthnate means of waste disposal such as street sewer.
a. Cistern
b. Reservoir
c. Sumppit
d. Holding tank
140. The following are example of plumbing fixtures except:
a. Urinal
b. Bidet
c. Trap
d. Floor drain
141. \Alhich type of venting system is used to ventilate t-no fo.'.ture traps usually
placed or installed side-by-side or back-to-back?
a. Individual vent
h. Common vent
c. Circuit vent
d. Loopvent
142. In a trap, it is the lowest portion of the inside top surface of the channel
through the trap. What is it?
a. Crown heir
b. Dip
C. Inlet
d. Outlet
143. In a horizontal pipe, it is the lowest portion of the inside part of the pipe.
What is it?
a. Crown
b. Dip
c. Crown weir
d. Invert
144. \'Vhich of the following is considered a plumbing appurtenance?
a. Vacuum breaker
b. Water closet
c. Tap
d. Swimming pool
145. In a plumbing system installation, a pipe which could be either horizontal or
vertical that conveys only liquid waste free from fecal matter, e.g. lavatory, tloor
drain, bath tub drain pipe.
a. Soil stack
b. ?laste pipe
c. Waste stack
d. Soil pipe
146. A waste pipe that does not connect directly with drainage system; waste is
collected through a receptacle, fixture, receptor or interceptor through an air break,
e.g. refrigerator waste, washing machine, dish dryer or washer, etc.
a. Indirect waste pipe
b. Waste pipe
c. Direct waste pipe
d. vVaste stack
147. The following are examples of materials used for drain or sewer pipe above
f:,1ound installation except:
a. Copper tube
b. Plastic or synthetic pipe
c. Cast iron pipe
d. Vitrifie dd ay pipe
148. In back-to-back fixture connection, the following may be used except:
a. Double sa nita ry tee
b. Do uble v,rye co mb ination
c. Do uble inve rted ivye
d. Double tapped tee
149. A horizontal pipe is a pipe that makes an angle of _
a. Less than 45 degrees with the vertical
b. 45 degrees with the vertical
c. Less than or more than 45 degrees with the vertical
d. Less than 45 degrees with the horizontal
150. A measure of the probable discharge into the plumbing system by various
type of fixtures; plumbing fixtures are rated according to their discharge capacities
in cu. Ft per min. or gals per min. unit
a. Dr ainage fixture unit (dfu)
b. Discharge rate
c. Plumbing unit
d. Flowrate
ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS
1. The term impedance is used in transformers and other devices in AC system are a
combination of - - - - - -
a. Resistance and reactance
b. Inductance and capacitance
c. Resistivity and conductivity
d. None of these
2. It characterizes short circuit
a. High resistance, high current
b. Low resistance, low current
c. Low resistance, high current
d. High resistance, low current
3. It affects the resistance of a conductor
a. Length
b. Area
c. Temperature
d. AU of these
4. A circuit type where components are electrically connected end-to -end.
a. Series circuit
b. Parallel circuit
c. Series- parallel circuit
d. None of these
5. Alternating current is characterized as having _
a. Positive and negative polarity
b. Average value is zero
c. Has frequency
d. All of these
6. Mho is defined as
a. The reciprocal of ohm
b. Unit of conductance
C. a only
d. both a and b
7. A transformer is
a. An acdevice
b. Ade device
c. A mechanical device used to step up or step down voltage in ac.
d. Both a and c
8. Tesla is the unit of _
a. Magnetic flux
b. Magnetic induction
c. Botha and b
d. None of these
9. Unit of capacitance is
a. Heniy
b. Coulomb
c. Farad
d. Weber
10. The basic elements of an electric circuit are the following except _
a. Source
b. S\\-itch
c. Conducting path
d. Electrical load
11. It is analogous to pressure in water flow.
a. Resis ta nce
h. Vo ltage
c. Cu rrent
d. Powe r
12. The trade name for an insulated conductor "\-Vith type letter THHN is _
a. Moisture-resistant thermop lastic
b. Thermoplastic
c. Heat-resistant thermoplastic
d. None of these
13. Copper as a conductor has the propert-,f/ properties of being _
a. Ductile
b. Malleable
c. a only
d. a and b
14. Wnich of the foHmving metallic materials is considered as the best conductor of
electricity?
a. Copper
b. Aluminum
c. Iron
d. Gold
15. Cables are conductors that are - - - - -
a. Larger than wires
b. Stranded (no. 6 AWG larger)
c. Both a and b
d. None of these
16. Example/s of cond uctors -on-ins ula tor ¥!iring is/ ar e _
a. Concealed knob-and-tube
b. Open wing on insulators
c. Both a and b
d. None of these
17. A factory assembly of one or more conductors, each individually insulated and
enclosed in a metallic sheath of interlocking metal tape, or a smooth corrugated
metallic tube.
a. Metal clad cable (Type MC)
b. Shielded Non-Metallic Sheathed Cable(Type SNM)
c. Armored cable (Type AC)
d. Mineral Insulated, Metal Sheathed Cable (Type MI)
18. A factory assembly of hvo or more insulated conductors having an outer sheath of
moisture-resistant, flame -reta rdant, none-metallic material
a. Service entrance cable (Type SE and USE)
b. Shielded Non-Me tallic Sheathed Cable (Type SNM)
c. Non-Metallic Sheathed Cable (type NM and NMC)
d. Mineral insulated, Metal Sheathed Cable (Type MI)
19. The over-all covering of underground feeder and branch circuit cables shall be
a. Fun gus-resista nt
b. Corrosion-resistant
c. Both a and b
d. None of these
20. Who first worked on the induction principles of electric generators and
transformers?
a. Joseph Henry
b. Luigi Galvani
c. Charles Augustin de Coulomb
d. Michael Faraday
21. A type of raceway specially constructed for the purpose of pulling in or the
withdrawing of wires or cables after the conduit is in place.
a. Intermediate Metal Conduit (IMC)
b. Right Metal Conduit (RMC)
c. Surface Metal raceway (SMR)
d. Electrical Metallic Tubing (EMT)
22. A type of surface flush raceway designed to receive conductors and receptacles
assembled in the field or in the factory.
a. Underfloor raceway
b. Multi-outlet assembly
c. Cellular metal floor raceway
d. Surface metal raceway (SMR)
23. A unit or assembly units or sections and associated fittings forming a rigid structural
system used to support cables.
a. Cable bus
b. Cable tray
c. Busway
d. Wireway
24. Fusible material in a fuse may be made of any of the following except _
a. Lead
b. Silver
c. Iron
d. Tin
25. A t--ype of switch used for transferring one or more load conductor connections from
one power source to another.
a. Transfer switch
b. Isolating switch
c. General use switch
d. General snap s¼'itch
26. Generator is a mechanical device used to convert mechanical energy to electrical
energy. It can produce either alternating (ac) or direct current (de). Which building
system component utilizes?
a. Escalator
b. Emergency- lighting
c. Elevator
d. All of these
27. On what pr incip les do generators work?
a. Electrochemical reaction
b. Electromagnetic induction
c. Internal combustion
d. Piezoelectric effect
28. For purpose of designating conveniently voltage class of a system, nominal voltage
values are prescribed. Which of the following is a nominal voltage value?
a. 220V/ 110V
b. 230V/ 115V
c. 240V/ 280V
d. 215V/ 230V
29. Branch circuit conductors that supply loads other than cooking appliances shall
have a capacity sufficient for the load served and shall not be smaller than what
size?
a. 2.0 sq. mm.
b. 3.5 sq. mm.
c. 5.5 sq. mm.
d. 8.0 sq. mm.
30. As required in the prescribed standards in small appliance branch circuit, what is its
required amperage rating?
a. 15 amps.
b. 20amps.
C. 30 amps.
d. 40 amps.
31. For hospita ls, what is its recommended iighting load demand factor for the first
50,000 volt-amperes or iess?
a. 10%
b. 20%
c. 30%
d. 40%
32. As a general rule, \'Vhat is the prescribed load (wattage) computation for. general
lighting and general-use receptacle?
a. 24 volt-amperes
b. 80 volt-amperes
c. 120 volt-amperes
d. 480 volt-amperes
33. Which of the following is considered a special purpose outlet?
a. Air conditioning unit
b. Water pump
c. Water heater
d. All of these
34. In a branch circuit 'llvith 5.5 sq. mm. conductor size. VVhat is the recommended
amperage rating for branch circuit projection?
a. 15 amps
b. 20 amps
c. 30amps
d. 40 amps
35. In an electrical system layout, it is referred to as the circuit conductors behiveen the
final over-current protecting the circuit and the outlet(s). What is the term?
a. Branch circuit
b. Feeder line
C. Secondary circuit
d. Main distribution
36. A device used with fluorescent and high intensity discharge (HID) lamps to provide
the necessary staring voltage and to limit the current during operation of the lamp.
What is it?
a. Starter
b. Cathnode
c. Ballast
d. Filament
37. Conductors are sized according to the amount of current it can cany under
conditions of use without exceeding its temperature rating. vVhat is it?
a. Voltage drop
b. Resistive rating
c. Interrupting rating
d. Ampacity
38. In electrical system design and installation, over-current may occur as a result from
any of the following except:
a. Nominal load condition
b. Ground fault
c. Over-load
d. Short circuit
39. Location a term used in electrical installation may refer to any of the follmving.
Which of these terms refers to location where installation is done underground or
on concrete slabs or masonry in direct contact with earth and locations subject to
saturation with water or other liquids?
a. Damp location
b. Wet location
C. Dry location
d. None of these
40. 'What :i<jnd of device is intended for the protection of personnel that functions to de-
energize a circuit or portion thereof \.vi.thin an established period of time?
a. Ground fault circuit interrupter
b. Circuit breaker
c. Isolation switch
d. Disconnecting means
41. As used in the electrical code, conductors may be bare, covered or insulated. \,Vhich
of the follo,i,.ring :refers to a conductor that is encased v.ri.thin a material of
composition or thickness that is not recommended as electrical insulation?
a. Insulated conductor
b. Bare conductor
c. Covered conductor
d. Any of these
"
42. This is method of wiring involves the use of enclosed channels of metal or non -
metallic materials designed expressly for holding wires, cables or busbars with
additional functions. \iVhat is it?
a. Cable wiring
b. Open \\riring
c. Conductor wiring
d. Raceway wiring
43. Electrical equipment are examined, identified and installed based on its .
a. Mechanical strength
b. Electrical insulation
c. Heating effects
d. AU of these
44. V ha t t'jpe of wire or cable has the trade name moistu re-resista nt thermoset with an
operating temperature ranging from 75° C. to 90° C. and can be used in dry, damp or
wet locations?
a. USE
b. XHH\V
c. THHN
d. THWN
45. Conductors used for general wiring and installed in raceways of sizes 8.0 sq. mm.
and larger shall be _
a. Cladded
b. Solid
c. Stranded
d. Armored
46. For voltage rated at 0- 2000 volts, what is the required minimum size of copper
conductor?
a. 1.6 sq. mm.
b. 2.0 sq. mm.
c. Both a and b
d. 3.5 sq. mm.
47. Identity electrical symbol shown below.
a. Service entrance
b. Circuit homerun
c. Switch line
d. Service drop
48. Which of the foHowing is not a standard wattage of an incandescent lamp?
a. 10 watts
b. 25 watts
c. 45 watts
d. 50 watts
49. Receptacles are rated at not less than how many volt-amperes for each single or for
each multiples receptacle on one strap?
a. 100 volt-amperes
b. 120 volt-amperes
c. 180 volt-amperes
d. 220 volt-amperes
50. What is the recommended amperage rating for a small appliance branch circuit
rated at 1500 volt-amperes?
a. 15 amperes
b. 20 amperes
c. 30 amperes
d. 40 amperes
BUILDING UTILITIES EXIT EXAM REVIEWER (DECEMBER 2017)
Page |1
BUILDING UTILITIES 1 – PLUMBING SYSTEMS OF • No water closet without light and ventilation 7. TREATMENT – sewage plants, natural purification
BUILDING
• If no sewer line, provide septic tank SOURCES OF WATER
PLUMBING
• Plumbing systems must be maintained by master 1. RAINWATER - From roof of bldg. and water shed
• Art and technique of installing pipes, fixtures and other plumbers
apparatus. • Advantage:
• Sewage must not be discharged into the ground unless
PRINCIPLES treated o Soft and pure o Suitable for hot
water
• All premises to be provided with clean water PLUMBING SYSTEM COMPONENTS  Disadvantage
• Fixtures be supplied with water in sufficient volume and 1. Water supply and distribution system o Only in wet season
pressure
2. Sanitary Drainage System o Roofs may not be clean
• Plumbing must use minimum amount of water
3. Storm Drainage System 2. GROUNDWATER - Springs and wells
• Designed to prevent damage from overheating or
explosions 4. Plumbing Fixture Advantage:
• Buildings connected to public sewers must connect its 5. Fire Protection System o Abundant supply
fixtures
6. Fuel and Gas Piping System o Less treatment
• Family unit must at least have one: water closet, sink,
lavatory and shower WATER CYCLE Disadvantage:
• Fixtures must be made of non – absorbent material, free 1. Evaporation o Have organic matter
from concealed fouling surfaces and in ventilated
enclosure 2. Condensation 3. NATURAL SURFACE WATER- Rivers and lakes
• Fixture connected to drainage system equipped with 3. Precipitation Advantage:

water-sealed trap
PLUMBING CYCLE o Easy to acquire
• Drainage pipe provide adequate circulation of air free
from siphonage 1. SOURCE – lakes, rivers, reservoirs o Large quantity
•Vent terminals shall extend to outer air 2. SUPPLY – main water, storage tanks o For irrigation
• Plumbing system must be tested for defects 3. DISTRIBUTION – pressure, piping networks WATER TREATMENT
• Substance which will harm the sewage and disposal 4. USE – plumbing fixtures 1. ACIDITY
system shall not be allowed
5. COLLECTION – gravity, piping networks Cause: carbon dioxide
• Proper protection against contamination of food or
6. DISPOSAL – sanitary, storm sewers Effects: corrosion, rusting, clogging
water through backflow, etc.
REVIEWER COMPILED BY THE GRAPHICS CLUB MIT BATCH 5

Page |2
Correction: raising alkaline 3. FILTRATION - Water is passed through layersof sand and 3. JETTED WELL
gravel in concretebasins in order to remove finer
2. HARDNESS suspended particles. - Use extreme water pressure
Cause: Magnesium, Calcium - Use of suction pump
Effects: Clogging 4. DRIVEN WELL
Correction: boiling, water softener
3. TURBIDITY
Cause: Silt, mud

4. SEDIMENTATION - Gravity settling and deposition:
Effect: Discoloration, bad taste Passed through basins
Correction: filtration 5. CHLORINATION - Water is injected with hypo chlorine

gas
4. COLOR
WELLS
Cause: Iron, manganese
*GENERAL TYPES*
Effects: Discoloration - Dug with sharp pointed hollow iron
1. SHALLOW WELL
Correction: Chlorination -10m – 15m deep
2. DEEP WELL
5. POLLUTION 5. DRILLED WELL
*TYPES ACCORDING RO
Cause: contamination CONSTRUCTION* 1,000m deep
Effects: Disease 1. DUG WELL PUMPS
Correction: Chlorination  Most common *GENERAL TYPES*
WATER PURIFICATION  15m deep 1. PISTON PUMP
1. AERATION - Water is sprayed into air to release any  “shallow well” 2. CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
trapped gases and absorb additional oxygen for better
taste. 2. BORED WELLS *CLASSIFICATION OF PUMPS*
2. COAGULATION - Small sediments particles which do not -Similar to Dug well 1. RECIPROCATING PUMPS
settle well combine together to form larger particles
-Construction using auger drive - Operate with controlled speed
- 15m – 40m deep - Air chamber is introduced

Page |3
2. JET PUMPS 2. Double Disc Valve
- Draw water from well 2. GLOBE VALVES - controls flow of water with movable
spindle ; can control pressure
- Type of a Centrifugal Pump
- types:
- Types:
1. Plug
1. Deep: high volume
2. Compositional
2. Shallow: for residential - Gate Valves
3. Conventional
3. Convertible: deep/shallow 2. CISTERN - usually built of reinforced concrete
3. CHECK VALVES - prevent
4. Miniature: small volume 3. PNEUMATIC WATER TANK - uses air pressure
backflow
3. ROTARY PUMP 4. HOT WATER

- types:
- Piston pump - Types:

1. Swing Check Valve
- More effective in viscous fluids 1. Range Boiler:- small hot water tank ;- made of
2. Lift Check Valve
galvanized steel sheet, copper
4. SUBMERSIBLE PUMP 3. Vertical Check Valve
2. Storage Boiler - large hot water tanks ; made of heavy
- Excess water must be pump away duty material sheets applied withrust proof paint 4. Horizontal Check
Valve
5. TURBINE PUMP- Type of centrifugal pump for large app. VALVES
4. ANGLE VALVES - use 90 degrees turn in line
WATER STORAGE FOR DOMESTIC USE *FUNCTIONS*
5. FOOT VALVES - lower end of pump to prevent loss of
1. OVERHEAD TANKS - doesn’t have pressure concerns: 1. Start / shutdown water system
priming the pump
relies on gravity : use overhead feed system
2. Regulate pressure
Components:
3. Check backflow
- Supply Pipe
4. Control direction of water
- Inlet
*TYPES OF VALVES*
- Overflow Pipe
1. GATE VALVE - full way valve ; used mainly to completely
- Drip Pan close / open water line ‘\;best for main supply
- types: 6. SAFETY VALVES- used in line with excessive pressure
1. Wedge Shape Valve FAUCETS

Page |4
*TYPES* 1. SERVICE PIPE - pipe from the main / other source of - water is pumped into a large tank on top and is
water supply to the water distribution system of the distributed by gravity.
1. COMPRESSION COCK - compression of a soft packing building
upon a metal sheet - Advantages: water is not affected by peak load
2. WATER METER - device used to measure in liter / gallon hour andtime needed to repair broken parts does not
2. KEY COCK - round tapering plug ground to fit a metal the amount of water affect watersupply
sheet
3. HORIZONTAL SUPPLY MAIN - principal water distribution - Disadvantages: subject to contamination,
3. BALL FAUCET - ball connected to handle system highmaintenance cost, occupies valuable cost, requires
stronger foundation
4. HOSE BIBB - made for threaded attachment of hose 4. RISER - water supply extending vertically to one full
story/ more to convey water into pipe branches / TYPES OF HOT WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
DEFFECTS IN WATER DISTIBUTION SYSTEM plumbing fixtures
1. UPFEED AND GRAVITY RETURN SYSTEM- with continuing
1. WATER HAMMER - knocking in pipes 5. FIXTURE BRANCH - water supply pipe between fixture network of pipes to provide constant circulation of water
supply pipe and water distribution pipe
2. BACK SIPHONAGE - flowing back of used water - from a -hot water rises on its own
plumbing fixture 6. CONTROLS AND VALVES - for control, isolation, repair or
water distribution system - does not need pump
3. EXPANSION / CONTRACTION - pipes expands / contracts
due to change in temp. 7. STORAGE TANKS - large pipe is on top of the riser
4. FRICTION HEAD LOSS - friction occurs when water flows TYPES PF COLD WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM 2. DOWNFEED AND GRAVITY RETURN SYSTEM- hot water
rises on the highest point of the plumbing system and
CLASSIFICATION OF PUBLIC WATER DISTRIBUTION 1. UPFEED SYSTEM travel through gravity; water distribution is dependent on
SYSTEM the expansion of hotwater and gravity
a. DIRECT UPFEED - provided by city water companies
1. DIRECT PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION- obtained through a - larger pipe is at the bottom of the riser
large intake installed on the lake basin and extended to - using normal pressure from public water main
deep water 3. PUMP CIRCUIT SYSTEM -more efficient circulation of hot
- Advantage: eliminates extra cost of pumps and tanks water to the upper
- components:
- Disadvantage: pressure is inadequate to supply tall floors
1. water basin buildings
TYPES OF WATER HEATING SYSTEM
2. receiving well b. AIRP RESSURE SYSTEM - when pressure is not enough
compressed air is used toraise and push water 1. HOT WATER SPACE HEATING
3. filtration plant
- Advantage: with compact pumping, sanitary, 2. HOT WATER SUPPLY
2. INDIRECT PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION - taken from drilled economical,less construction and maintenance and serves
well / underground ; involves individual special mechanical about 10stories interval PROTECTION OF HOT WATER
equipment
- Disadvantage: no electricity = no water 1. SYSTEM RELIEF VALVE
PARTS OF COLD WATER DISTRIBUTION
2. DOWNFEED / GRAVITY SYSTEM 2. TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE RELIEF

Page |5
PLUMBING FIXTURES - receptacle used to provide, 1. squat BATHING FIXTURES

receive, discharge water or liquid into waste
2. washout 1. BATHTUBS
* CLASSIFICATION*
2. URINALS 2. WHIRLPOOL BATH
1. SOIL
- types: 3. JACUZZIS
2. SCULLERY
1. wall hung 4. BIDETS
3. BATH
2. pedestal 5. FLOOR DRAIN
SOIL FIXTURES
3. through 6. SHOWER RECEPTOR
1. WATER CLOSET
4. stall 7. SHOWER BATH COMPARTMENT
- types acc. To flush tank
SCULLERY FIXTURES PIPES AND FITTINGS
1. closed coupled flush tank
1. KITCHEN SINK 1. CAST IRON SOIL PIPE
2. low flush tank
- made of stainless steel - most popular and generally specified material
3. high flush tank for
- types:
- types acc. To mounted drainage installation
1. single
1. floor mounted - extensively used in 60s and 70s
2. double
2. wall hung - affected by corrosion
3. triple
- types acc. To flush action - types:
4. shallow
1. washdown: trapway infront of the bowl, coss 1. SV type: for bldg.
less, less efficient, noisy 5. deep
2. XV type: for underground
2. reverse trap:flushes through siphon action 2. LAUNDRY SINK
- varities:
3. siphon jet: larger trapway - made of cement or porcelain
1. standard pipe
4. siphon vortex: whirlpool action, large amount of 3. SLOP SINK
standing water 2. single hub pipe
- use for mops
5. direct flush 3. double hub pipe
4. BAR SINK
- other types: 4. hubless pipe
5. LAVATORIES
2. ACID RESISTANCE CAST IRON PIPE
Page |6
- made of alloy of cast iron and silicon - superior type of pipe
- installed in bldg. where acid waste discharge - types:
- breaks easily and brittle 1. Rigid Type
3. ASBESTOS PIPE 2. Flexible Type
- made of asbestos fibers and Portland cement CONSIDERATIONS IN CHOOSING MATERIALS
- used as soil waste, vent pipe and downspout 1. QUALITY AND DURABILITY
- suited for concrete embedment 2. RESISTANCE TO EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL CONTACT

WITH FOREIGN MATTERS
4. BITUMINOUS FIBER SEWER PIPES - cheapest, lightest,
slightly flexible ; can take soil movement ;for sewer and 3. RESISTANCE TO ACID WASTE AND OTHER
septic tank ; damaged by hot water CHEMICALELEMENTS
5. VITRIFIED CLAY PIPE - oldest materials used for sewer 4. COST OF MATERIAL AND LABOR
lines; highly resistant to most acid; brittle and cracks easily
TYPES OF FITTINGS
6. LEAD PIPE ;oldest pipe used for plumbing system ; highly
resistant to acidm; poisonous 1. Coupling/ Socket
7. GALVANIZED STEEL PIPE-made of mild steel ; expected

to last 15 – 25 years ; deposits of salts and lime
8. GALVANIZED WROUGHT IRON PIPE - better that steel

pipe; more resistant to acid
9. COPPER PIPE-durable and extremely corrosive resistant
- classification:
1. K type SANITARY DRAINAGE SYSTEM

2. L type
3. M Type
10. BRASS PIPE
11. PLATIC / SYNTHETIC PIPE - developed in Germany

(1935) ; produced from synthetic resin

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*GENERAL RULES* SANITARY DRAINAGE SYSTEM CLEANOUTS
1. All must go and lead to septic tank - Minimum slope / pitch of horizontal drainage pipe = 2% *REQUIREMENTS* - additional cleanout shall be provided
on horizontal line with anaggregate offset angle not less
2. Must take the shortest route as possible TRAPS than 135, between the building drain and building sewer
3. Control components should be located *KINDS OF TRAPS* VENTILATION - Portion of drainage pipe installation
strategically intended to maintain balance atmospheric pressure inside
1. COMMON TRAP - for lavatories, kitchen, sink, laundry
*SUBSYSTEM OF THE SANITARY SYSTEM* tubs and urinals *TYPES OF VENTS*
1. Waste collection system 2. DEEP SEAL TRAP - about twice the size of common trap 1. MAIN SOIL AND WASTE VENTS - backbone of the entire
sanitary system
2. Ventilation system 3. STAND TRAP - for slop sinks ; serves as water seal
support - portion where waste travels
*ESSENTIAL PARTS*
4. RUNNING TRAP - used in house drain - continuous to the roofs
1. Waste pipe - conveys only waste water, free from fecal
5. DRUM TRA - for fixtures that discharges large amount of 2. MAIN VENT - principal artery of the vent system
2. Vent pipe - for circulation of air water
- aka collecting vent line to main and soil vent
3. Trap - fitting device to prevent backflows of foul air 6. S TRAP- predecessor of P-trap; connect to vent line
3. INDIVIDUAL VENT - back vent
4. Stack - vertical main of the system *TYPES OF PROHIBITED TRAPS*
4. UNIT / COMMON / DUAL VENT - one vent pipe serves 2
5. Branch - horizontal pipe 1. Traps with moveable parts pipes
HOUSE DRAIN - Lowest horizontal piping; Receives 2. No fixture shall be double trapped 5. RELIEF VENT - vertical vent line
discharges and to the house sewer
3. The s trap - additional circulation of air between the soil
HOUSE SEWER - Extends from the house drain and vents tacks
*REQUIREMENTS*
CHANGES IN DIRECTIONS OF SANITARY DRAINAGE LINES 6. YOKE / BY – PASS VENT - pipe connecting upward from a
1. Each plumbing fixture, shall be separately trapped with soil / waste stack below the floor and below h-connection
1. Horizontal – Horizontal change in direction an approved type of water seal trap to an adjacent vent stack at a point above the floor
2. Vertical – Horizontal change in direction 2. One trap = one trap arm 7. CIRCUIT VENT- starts in front of the highest fixture
connection on horizontal branch and connects to a vent
3. Horizontal – Vertical change in direction 3. One trap = three single compartments stack
UNIT OF MEASURE 4. Trap arm = size of trap 8. LOOPED VENT - vertical vent connection on a horizontal
soil waste pipe
1. Amount of waste it carries 5. Trap seal = not greater the 51mm and not less than
102m 9. WET VENT- waste water flows through
2. 0.47 liters / secs or 28.3 liters / minute

Page |8
10. LOCAL VENT 1. AEROBIC BACTERIA- relies oxygen to survive
11. DRY VENT 2. ANAEROBIC BACTERIA- can survive without oxygen
12. STACK VENT
13. VENT STANDS- provide circulation of air
SANITARY SYSTEM PROBLEMS 3. DRAIN TILES- to prevent water from seeping through the *MINIMUM DIMENSION*
basementwalls and foundation
1. TRAP SEAL LOSS
4. GARAGE TRAP- aka catch basin
2. BACK PRESSURE
- filled with water and located at the lowest point of
3. CAPILLARY ACTION
thegarage so it can collect all waste
4. EVAPORATION
5. BACKFLOW VALVES- prevents backflow
5. WIND EFFECTS
- similar to check valve L = 1500 MM
6. RETARDATION OF FLOW
6. SEWAGE EJECTORS- waste up from the sump pit to the W = 900 MM
sewers
7. DETERIORATION OF MATERIALS
H = 1200 MM
SEPTIC TANK - Watertight covered receptacle
HOUSE DRAIN APPLIANCE
*DESIGN CRITERIA*
- Receive discharge of sewage from building sewer
1. GREASE TRAP -separation of grease from water
- Plans should show all dimensions
- Separate solids from liquid
- Compartments
- Digest organic matter
- minimum of 2 compartments
- Store digested solids from liquids
- maintain a slope of 1:10 at the bottom of digestion
- Discharge for final disposal chamber tocollect the sludge
- types:
*SLUDGE* - solid organic matter, denser than water - Manholes:- at least 2 manholes
1. earth cooled
- settle at the bottom of the septic tank - 508mm minimum dimension
2. mechanical
*SCUM* - lighter organic matter that rise from water - Size Pipe Inlet and Outlet
2. HOUSE TRAP- in house drain inside foundation wall of
the building *EFFLUENT* - liquid content of sewage - diameter must not be less than sewer pipe
*BACTERIA IN SEPTIC TANK TO ENCOURAGE - Location of Inlet and Outlet

DECOMPOSITION*

Page |9
- extend 101.6mm above and at least 304.8mm below 3. SANITARY SEWERS- sanitary wastes only 3. CESSPOOLS- non watertight lined excavation in the
watersurface ground which receives the discharge of sanitary drainage
- terminates in modern sewage disposal plant
- Air Surface fortreatment - designed to retain the organic matter but permitting the
liquid to seep through the pit bottom and sides
- side walls shall extend 228.6mm above liquid depth 2 TYPES OF SANITARY SEWER
4. PRIVIES- oldest form of disposal of organic waste
- cover of septic tank shall be at least 50.8mm above the 1. TRIBUTARY SEWER- usually round shapes
back ventopenings - consist of vault constructed of concrete for the collection
- vitrified clay / cement pipes of raw sewage and a wooden shelter
- Partition between compartments
2. INTERCEPTING SEWER- aka collecting sewers - requirement: when liquid wastes containing excessive
- inverted fitting equivalent in size to the tank inlet amounts of grease, garbage, flammable waste, sand or
PRIVATE SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEM other ing. which may affect the operation of a
- Structure privatesewage disposal system, inceptor shall be installed.
- Area: depends on the req. septic tank
- shall be capable of supporting an earth load of not less - disposal: waste from inceptor may be discharged to
than 14.4kPa - Distance from the water table aseptic tank or other primary system
- Capacity - No excavation for the leach bed SEWAGE TREATMENT- Aeration system within the tank
- determined by the number of apartment units in - 1.5m of the water table - Submersible mixer to mix the waste
dwellingoccupancies
- With sewage pit: filter material in the tranches - Sludge waste pump that aids in clarifying
- Location
1. SEEPAGE PITS- loosely lined excavation in the ground 2 MOST COMMON TYPE MUNICIPAL TREATMENT
- not be located underneath the house
- receives discharges of septic tank 1. ACTIVATED SLUDGE PROCESS
- at least 15m from the water distribution system
- capacity: depends on the quantity of liquids - Phase:
3 DEGREES OF WATER
- size: circular in shape with excavated diameter of 1. Gets rid of heavy materials with 3 different filter
1. GREY WATER- waste water without human wastes notgreater than 2.2m and to be lined with clay or concrete
brick 2. Clarifies the effluent
2. BLACK WATER- waste water with human waste
- strength: brick lining shall have compression strength 3. Hardens the sludge and converts to fertilizers
3. STORM WATER of17225kPa
2. THE TRICKLING FILTER PROCESS- aka Percolating or
CLASSIFICATION OF SEWERS 2. MULTIPLE SEEPAGE PITS- served through a distribution Sprinkling Filter System
box / shall be connected inseries by means of watertight
1. COMBINATION OF PUBLIC SEWERS- oldest variety connection - reqs. Less mechanical elements and less stages
- caries both storm and sanitary wastes - outlet shall have a vented leg fitting extending - 95% pure water-;requires large ground area
304.8mbelow the inlet fitting
2. STORM SEWERS

P a g e | 10
STORM DRAINAGE SYSTEM- Rainwater piping must not be 3. THE STRAINER / ROOF DRAIN- designed to receive water 2. Underground water reservoirs
used as soil, waste and vent pipes and clogging
*TYPES OF FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM*
- Sizes of downspout and gutter sizes are based upon the 4. THE SHOE- at the bottom of the roof
maximumdepth of rainfall per hour falling upon a given 1. DRY STANDPIPE SYSTEM- no longer utilize
roof area in m2 - to direct rain towards the nearest catch basin
- no water stored; located in stairway landings
- Shapes: square, rectangle, round 5. CATCH BASIN- downspout should terminate in catch
basin 2. WET STANDPIPE SYSTEM- always have water stored
- Downspouts for high rise shall be stronger pipes
materials to resist thehigh hydrostatic pressure - delivers water in street via gravity - constructed of wrought iron / galvanized steel
- Roof drain: equipped with dome type strainer 6. STORM LINE- connects to each catch basin 3. WET STANDPIPE WITH SIAMESE CONNECTION - directly
connected to main water line
3 MAJOR SYSTEMS OF COLLECTING STORM WATERS STORM SEWERS- Carries only rainwater
- Siamese connection is at the outside of the building
1. THE INDEPENDENT SYSTEM- aka the separate system - Collected from the storm drain
4. AUTOMATIC / SPRINKLER SYSTEM
- brings collected water directly to water reservoirs - Terminates at natural drainage area
general type:
2. THE COMBINED SYSTEM- combines storm water with - Requires manhole to serve as cleanouts and to make
sanitary wastes accessible 1. Automatic wet
3. NATURAL SYSTEM- without using any roof gutters FUEL GAS PIPING SYSTEM 2. Automatic dry
-when rainwater is collected in cistern *LPG*- Liquefied Petroleum Gas TYPES OF SPRINKLER HEADS
STORM DRAIN LOCATIONS - aka “bottled gas” 1. UPRIGHT- used above piping when piping exposed
1. OUTSIDE - for home, commercial and industrial 2. PENDANT- projects through a finished ceiling when
piping isExposed
2. INSIDE - Cylinder: where gas is stored
3. OVERHEAD - Pigtail: where high pressure vapor flows through when

cylinder valve is opened
ROOFING ELEMENTS TO COLLECT RAINWATER
- Regulator: reduces the high pressure of gas to the proper BUILDING UTILITIES 2 – MECHANICAL, ELECTRICAL AND
1. GUTTER- usually located along the entire perimeter of operating gaspressure of the appliance. ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS OF BUILDING;
the roof REVIEWERELECTRICITY
FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM
2. DOWNSPOUT- located every 8 – 10m
*SUPPLYING WATER FOR FIRE*
- every corner of the roof - A form of energy generated by friction, induction or
1. Elevated water tank chemical change having magnetic chemical and radiant
effect.

P a g e | 11
- a fundamental phenomenon of nature consisting of What happens to the current in a short circuit? The OHMS LAW; E= I x R
negative and positive kinds composed respectively of current increases.
electrons and protons which is utilized as a source if TERMS
energy in the form of electric currents VOLTAGE- another name for electromotive force (EMF)
ION- an atom or molecule that is electrically charged
BASIC PROPERTIES OF ELECTRICITY “E”- the single-letter abbreviation for electromotive force (unbalanced)
(voltage)
1. Electron- negative charge of electricity VOLT/VOLTAGE- the electrical pressure that causes
VOLTMETER- instrument that measures the EMF of an electron to movethrough a conductor. (Electromotive
2. Proton- positive charge of electricity electricalcircuit. force) or EMF
3. Neutron- not electrically charged and weighs slightly A voltmeter must always be placed in parallel with the AMPERE- standard unit used in measuring the strength of
more than theproton circuit beingtested. an electricalcurrent
BASIC THEORY OF ELECTRICTY 6.24x10^18- electrons in one coulomb WATT- the rate of power that is consumed
1. All matters are made up of molecules One Ampere= one coulomb/sec RESISTANCE- opposition or friction to flow of current. Also
calledimpedance for AC current. It is an electrical term for
2. Molecules are made up of atoms AMMETER- an electrical meter that measures current friction.
3. Atoms contains neutrons, electrons, and protons A clamp-on type ammeter must be clamped around one ELECTRICAL CURRENT
wire(s) toobtain a proper reading.
4. Neutron is neutral, hence neither positive nor negatively -the flow electricity in a conductor
charged Types of Ammeter
Required components:
5. The electron of an atom of any substance could be 1. Clamp-on type
transformed toanother atom a. Source of voltage
2. Inline Ammeter
- Like charge REPEL and unlike charges ATTRACT b. Closed loop of wiring
POWER- the time rate of doing work
Two types of electrical currents: c. An electrical load
Electrical power is measured in WATTS (W or P)
1. Direct (DC) d. A means of opening and closing the circuit
W= E x I
2. Alternating (AC) CLASSIFICATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT
Three Common conductors used in electrical
Components of a Simple Circuit circuits 1. Direct Current- electricity flows in one
direction (DC)
1. Power source 1. Silver
2. Alternating current- electricity constantly
2. Control (switch) 2. Copper reverses its direction of flow. It is generated by
machines called AC generators. It is universally
3. Load 3. Aluminum acceptedbecause of its unlimited number of
applications.
4. Conductors (wire) Electrical resistance is measured in OHMS

P a g e | 12
ADVANTAGES OF ALTERNATING CURRENT -everything around us is made up of atoms, including -Due to the electrical attraction of the electrons and
ourselves protons it is very to get the electrons to move
1. Easily produced
ELEMENT-a liquid, solid, or gas that contains only one type VOLTS-the pressure used to force the electrons from one
2. Cheap to maintain of atom. Ex:Oxygen, Hydrogen, Argon atom to another
3. Can be transformed to a higher voltage COMPOUNDS-a liquid, solid, or gas that contains two or -A typical battery has 12.6 volts of pressure
more types of atoms. Ex: H20, CO2, CO
4. Can be distributed to far distances -A typical alternator produces 14V
MOLECULES-the smallest particle of a compound in which
5. More efficient all the chemical characteristics of the compound are AMPERAGE-The amount of electric current flowing in a
present. Ex: 1 molecule of water= 1Hand 2O circuit
TYPES OF CIRCUIT
PROTON-Positively charged particles located at the center, RESISTANCE-Measured in Ohms
1. Series Circuit- single path of current flow; or nucleus, of each atom
elements are arranged in a series of one after -The resistance or opposition, to current flow in an
the other with no branches. The current is the ELECTRONS- Small very light particles with a negative electrical circuit
same throughout and the voltage differ. electrical charge. These electrons move in orbit around the
nucleus of an atom DEFINITION OF TERMS
2. Parallel Circuit- “multiple connections” where
loads are placed acrossthe same voltage NEUTRONS- Do not have an electrical charge. These ELECTRICAL DEFINITIONS
constituting a separate circuit. The voltage is the particles add weight to the atom. Located at the nucleus of
sameand the current differ. an atom A
HYDRAULIC SYSTEM ELECTRON MOVEMENT-The outer ring of an atom is called ACCESSIBLE – Capable of being removed or exposed
the valance ring without damaging thebuilding structure or finish, or not
1. Higher voltage, larger current permanently closed-in by the structureor finish of the
-The number of electrons on the valance ring determine building.
2. Higher resistance, lower current the electrical characteristics
AIR CIRCUIT BREAKER – One in which the current
Ohms Law -Current flow may be defined as the mass movement of interruption occurs in air.
valence electrons from atom to atom through a conductor
Formula: AIR TERMINAL – A combination of elevation rod and
CONDUCTORS-An element with 1, 2, or 3 valance electrons brace, or footing placed on upper portions of structures,
FOR DC FOR AC together with tip or point if used.
-These electrons can be moved easily from one atom to
I= V / R I= V / Z another AIR SWITCH – One with contacts that separate in air.
I=current V=voltage SEMICONDUCTORS-An element with 4 valance electrons AMPACITY – The current in Amperes a conductor can carry
continuously under the conditions of use without
R=resistance Z=impedance -Used to manufacture diodes and transistors exceeding its temperature rating.
BASIC ELECTRICITY -Silicone is one of the most common semiconductors APPLIANCE – Utilization equipment, generally other than
industrial ,normally built in standardized sizes or types,
ATOMS-the smallest known particle of an element INSULATORS-Have 5 or more electrons on the valance ring
P a g e | 13
which is installed or connected as a unit to perform one or CONDUCTOR BARE- A conductor having no covering or FIXTURE- An integral, separate of self-contained unit,
more functions such as air-conditioning. electrical insulation whatsoever. (See Conductor, which may contain one or more bulbs or fluorescent
covered.”) tubes.
ARMOR – A wrapping galvanized interlocking steel strip
forming an integral party of the assembly of certain COVERED- A conductor encased within materials of FUSE- An over current protective device with a circuit-
insulated cables, wires, or cords,which are capable of composition or thickness that is not recognized by this opening fusible member, which is heated and severed by
withstanding certain mechanical tests. ARMORED Code as electrical insulation. the passage of over current through it.
CABLE – A fabricated assembly of insulated conductors INSULATED- A conductor encased within material of G
and a flexiblemetallic covering. composition and thickness that is recognized by this Code
as electrical insulation. GROUNDED- Connected 10 earth or to some conducting
ARRESTER (SURGE)- A protective device for limiting surge body that serves in place of the earth.
voltage on equipment by discharging or bypassing surge CONDUIT FITTING- An accessory, which serves to
current it prevents continued flow of follow current to complete a conduit system, such as hushing and access GROUNDING CONDUCTOR- A conductor used to connect
ground and is capable of repeating the functions as fittings. equipment or the grounded circuit of a wiring system to a
specified. grounding electrode or electrodes.
CONNECTOR (Splicing Sleeve) - A metal sleeve, usually
ASSEMBLY- A combination of all or of a portion of copper that is slipped over and secured to the butted ends I
component partsincluded in an electric apparatus, of the conductors in making up a joint.
mounted on a supporting frame orpanel, a properly INSULATED- Separated from other conducting surfaces by
interwired. CONTINUOUS LOAD- A load where the maximum current a dielectric permanently offering a high resistance 10 the
is expected to continue for three hours or more. passage of current and to disruptive discharge.
B
CONTROLLER- A device or group of devices that serve to INSULATING- A term applied to non-conducting substance
BRANCH CIRCUIT- The circuit conductor between the final govern, in some predetermined manner, the electric capable of bringing about the condition defined in
over current device protecting the circuit and the outlet(s). power delivered to the apparatus to which it is connected. insulated.
BUS-A conductor, a group of conductors, in switchgear CUTOUT BOX- An enclosure designed for surface mounting J
assemblies, which serves as common connections for two and having swinging doors or covers secured directly to
or more circuits. and telescoping with the walls of the box proper. JUMPER- A short length of conductor used to make a
connection between terminals or around a break in a
C D circuit, or around an instrument. It is usually a temporary
connection.
CABLE-Either a stranded conductor with or without DEVICE- A unit of an electrical system, which is intended
insulation and other covering (single conductor cable), or a to carry but not utilize electric energy. L
combination of conductors insulated from one another
(multiple conductor cable). DISTRIBUTION CENTER- A point at which energy s divided LINE CONDUCTOR- A wire or cable carrying electric
among feeders or branch circuits or combination of both, current, supported by poles, towers or other structures.,
CIRCUIT BREAKER-A device designed to open and close a and where over current devices are usually located. hut not including vertical or lateral connecting wires.
circuit by no automatic means and to open the circuit
automatically on a predetermined over current without F LINE TAP: A radial branch connection to a main line.
damage to itself when properly applied within its rating.
FITTING- An accessory such as a locknut, brushing, or O
other part of a wiring system that is intended primarily to
perform a mechanical rather than an electrical function.
P a g e | 14
OUTLET- A point on the wiring system at which current is V 1. Mechanical energy, which includes:
taken to supply utilization equipment.
VOLTAGE (OF A CIRCUIT) - The largest root-mean-square - Potential Energy- stored energy
P (effective) difference of potential between any two
conductors of the circuitconcerned. - Kinetic Energy- from the movement of matter.
PEAK LOAD- The maximum load consumed or produced by
a unit or group of units in a stated period of time. It may VOLT TRANSFORMATION TRANSFORMER- a static device 2. Radiant or Solar Energy- which comes from the light and
be the maximum instantaneous load or the maximum consisting of a magnetic core wherein a primary and warmth of the sun.
average load over a designated interval of time. secondary windings are made. Transformers are
reversible, it may be step-up or step-down. 3. Thermal Energy- associated with the heat of an object.
R
POWER AND ENERGY 4. Chemical Energy- stored in the chemical bonds of
RACEWAY- An enclosed channel designed expressly for molecules.
holding wires, cables, or bus bars, with additional function Power- the rate at which the energy is used; the technical
as permitted in this Code. term for work. 5. Electrical Energy- associated with the movement of
electrons
REACTOR- A device used for the purpose of minimizing Energy - Synonymous to fuel and can be expressed in
irregularities in the flow of welding currents gallons, liters, kilowatt hours or consumed electricity and 6. Electromagnetic Energy- associated with light waves
cost of operation. (including radio waves, microwaves, x-rays, infrared
RECEPTACLE OULET- An outlet where one or more waves).
receptacles are installed. Watt - measuring unit of electric power.
7. Mass (or nuclear) Energy- found in the nuclear structure
S STORED AND MOVING ENERGY of atoms.
SERVICE RACEWAY- The raceway that encloses the service Two types: ELECTRICAL CONDUCTORS AND INSULATORS
entrance conductors.
1. Stored Energy- potential energy Electrical Conductors- materials used to carry or allow the
T flow of electric current
2. Moving Energy- kinetic energy
TRANSFORMER VAULT- An enclosure either above or Materials that are good conductors:
below ground, with fire resistant walls, ceiling and floor, MEASUREMENT OF ENERGY
exclusively built for unattended transformers and their 1. Silver 6. Zinc
auxiliaries. BTU (British Thermal Unit)- is the amount of heat energy it
takes to raise the temperature of one pound of water by 2. Copper 7. Platinum
W one degree Fahrenheit, at sea level.
3. Aluminum 8. Iron
WIRE- A short piece of wire use to bind an overhead -Energy can also be measured in joules
conductor to an insulator or other support. 4. Nickel 9. Lead
- a thousand joules is equal to one BTU
WIREWAY- Approved steel or metal roughing (usually with 5. Brass 10. Tin
removable cover), and fitting therefore, so formed and - The term "joule" is named after an English scientist James
constructed that insulated conductors may he readily Prescott Joule who lived from 1818 to 1889. He discovered -Conductors are resistive substances. There are no such
drawn in and withdrawn, or laid in and removed, without that heat is a type of energy. things as perfect conductors.
injury either to conductor or covering.
FORMS OF ENERGY - A good conductor must have extremely low resistance.

P a g e | 15
FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE CONDUCTOR RESISTANCE: - One kilovolt (kV) is 1,000 volts TYPES OF ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT
- Composition of a conductor the mineral composition - One millivolt (mv) is 1/1000 (.001) of a volt 1. Series Circuit- The conductors, control and protection
devices, loads, and power source are connected with only
- Length of the conductor the longer the wire, the bigger is - One microvolt (mV is 1/1,000,000 (.000001) of a volt one path to ground for current flow
the resistance
- Digital type (uses electronic circuitry instead of - An open in the circuit will disable the entire circuit
- Cross sectional area of the conductor - the bigger the electromagnetic effects).
cross sectional area of wire, the lower is the resistance. - The voltage divides (shared) between the loads
ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS -the route along the electricity flows
- Temperature - Metal offers high resistance to high - The current flow is the same throughout the circuit
temperature. Electricity Circuit Requirements/ Construction
- The resistance of each load can be different
Insulators- materials that resist the flow of current -Power Source (Battery Alternator, Generator, etc.)- supply
the flow of electrons 2. Parallel Circuit- It has more than one path for current
- A good insulator must have extremely high resistance flow
and a moderate resistance for a load resistor. - Protection Device ( Fuse, Fusible Link, or Circuit Breaker)-
prevents damage to the circuit - The same voltage is applied across each branch
Materials that are good insulators:
- Load Device (Lamp, Motor, Winding, Resistor, etc.)- - Current flow through each branch can be different
1. Rubber5. Class 9.Thermoplastic converts the electricity into work
- The resistance of each branch can be different
2. Porcelain 6. Mica 10. Paper - Control (Switch, Relay or Transistor)- turn the circuit on
or off 3. Series- Parallel Circuit- The power source and control or
3. Varnish 7. Latex 11. Oil protection devices are usually in series; the loads are
- Conductors (A Return Path, Wiring to Ground)- provide usually in parallel
4. Slate 8. Asbestos 12. Wax an electrical path
- The same current flows in the series portion, different
ELECTROMOTIVE FORCE (EMF) - or EMF, is used to LOADS- Any devise that consumes electricity currents in the parallel portion
indicate electrical pressure or voltage that causes current
to flow. - Regarded as resistance - The same voltage is applied to parallel devices, different
voltages to series devices
- The volt is unit of electrical pressure, similar to pressure - Use up voltage and control the amount of current flowing
used to make gases and liquids flow through pipes. in a circuit FUSES- The metal filament in the fuse melts and breaks
the connection
- One volt is the force required to push one amp through AUTOMOTIVE ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT- One end of the wire
one ohm of resistance. from each load returning to the battery is connected to BREAKERS- It act to limit the current in a single circuit in
the vehicle body or frame most household applications
- Abbreviation for volt (EMF) is E.
- The body or frame is then referred to as the body ground - The heating effect on a bimetallic strip causes it to bend
VOLTMETER - measure the electromotive force of a power of the circuit and trip a spring loaded switch
source
OHM’S LAW- The current in a circuit is directly - A small electromagnet consisting of wire loops around a
- there are DC voltmeters that measure DC voltage and AC proportional to the applied voltage and inversely piece of iron will pull the bimetallic strip down instantly in
voltmeters that measure AC voltage proportional to the amount of resistance case of a large current surge

P a g e | 16
VOLTAGE DROP (IR) - The sum of the voltage drop in an –This magnetic field is concentric to the conductor, and an Magnetism- is the basis upon which electric motors
electrical circuit always equals the applied voltage increase in current flow results in a stronger magnetic field operate
- The voltage drop across any part of a circuit is equal to I x –The magnetic strength of an electromagnet is determined Commutator- reverses the current in the motor
R. mainly by the number of turns and current flow through
the windings Armature- rotating magnet
Series Circuit Rules
Multi- Meter Operation Generator- produces a direct current
• The total current in a series circuit is equal to the current
in any other part of the circuit Types: Alternator- alternates the electric current
• The total voltage in a series circuit is equal to the sum of 1. Analog CIRCUITS
the voltages across all parts of the circuit
2. Digital -Review settings on Multi-Meters Circuit- a source of electricity plus two or more wires
• The total resistance of a series circuit is equal to the sum connected to a load
of the resistances of all the parts of the circuit -Determine what each setting is used for
Open circuit- circle is broken so that current cannot flow
Parallel Circuit Rules - Break into groups and complete multi-meter through it
work sheet
• The total current in a parallel circuit is equal to the sum Short circuit- electricity flow through the circuit and back
of the currents in all the branches of the circuit ELECTRICAL PRINCIPLES AND WIRING MATERIALS to its source rapidly
• The total voltage across any branch in parallel is equal to Heat and Light Grounding- connection between a piece of equipment and
the voltage across any other branch and is also equal to the ground
the total voltage Electricity- form of energy that can produce light, heat,
magnetism, and chemical changes SERVICE ENTRANCE
• The total resistance in a parallel circuit is found by
applying Ohm’s law to the total values of the circuit Resistance- tendency of material to resist electrical flow Entrance head- used to attach exterior wires to interior
wires of a building
ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT DEFECTS Conductor- allow electricity flow easily
Transformer- converts high voltage from the power lines
1. Open Circuit- An unwanted break in an electric circuit Insulator- great resistance to the flow of electricity to 240 volts
2. Grounded Circuit- An unwanted copper-to-metal AMPERES, VOLTS, & WATTS Service drop- an assembly of electrical wires, connector,
connection and fastener used to transmit electricity from the
Amperes- a measure of the rate of flow of electricity transformer to the entrance head
3. Shorted Circuit- An unwanted copper-to-copper
connection Volts- a measure of electric pressure Service entrance panel- box with fuses or circuit breakers
where electricity enter the building
MAGNETISM Watts- measure of the amount of energy or work that can
be done BRANCH CIRCUITS
Electromagnetism– When current flows through a
conductor an invisible field of force surrounds the wire ELECTRIC MOTORS Branch circuits- branch out from the entrance panel to a
variety of places and for a variety of different purposes

P a g e | 17
- is defined by the National Electric Code (NEC) as “the • Type THHN- dry locations, high temperature - Wire is also characterized by letters that correspond to
circuit conductors between the final over current the insulation type and electrical capacity.
protective device and the outlets.” • Type THW and THWN- wet locations, high temperature
- Grounding wire provides a path of least resistance from
Comprises of the ff: • Type XHHW- high moisture and heat resistance the frame or case of an appliance to the ground to guard
against electric shocks. Both two- and three conductor
The source of voltage, The wiring, The load • Type UF- direct burial in soil but not concrete cables can carry grounding wires.
Types of Branch Circuits: • Positive (hot) wires- black, red, blue wires that carry Materials for wiring interior electrical systems in
current to appliances buildings vary depending on:
1. General purpose branch circuit – Supplies outlets for
appliances, including convenience receptacles. • Neutral wires- white wires that carry current from the - Intended use and amount of power demand on the
appliance back to the source circuit
2. Appliance branch circuit – Supplies outlets for feeding
appliances. • Green wires and bare wires- are used to ground all metal -Type of occupancy and size of the building
boxes and appliances
3. Individual branch circuit – Supplies outlets for a single -National and local regulations
specific item. WIRE SIZES
-Environment in which the wiring must operate.
Fuse- a plug or cartridge containing a strip of metal Circuit The American Wire Gauge (AWG) also known as the Brown
breaker- a switch that trips and breaks the circuit & Sharpe wire gauge, is a standardized wire gauge system Modern Wiring Materials
used since 1857npredominantly in the United States for
TYPES OF CABLES the diameters of round, solid, nonferrous, electrically -an electrical power cable found commonly in houses. The
conducting wire. The cross sectional area of each gauge is cable consists of 3 wires (2 wires + 1 grounding) and is
1. Nonmetallic sheathed cable- consists of copper or an important factor for determining its current carrying double insulated
aluminum wires covered with paper and vinyl capacity.
- Mineral insulated cables at a panel board
2. Armored cable- a flexible metal sheath with individual WIRE
wires inside TYPES OF WIRES AND CABLES
- Different than cable. Cable refers to two or more wires or
3. Conduit- tubing that contains individual insulated wires conductors grouped together in a jacket. 1. Standard wire and cable-consist of group of wires
twisted to for a metallic string. CORD is the term given to
4. Electrical metallic tube- bendable type of metal Copper or tinned copper is the most common conductor in instead stranded wire.
home wiring because it has minimum resistance at
5. Solid Copper Wires reasonable cost. 2. Solid wire and cable
6. Rubber Insulated Cables - Wire is grouped by gauge number, running from 0000 to American Wire Gauge (AWG) - the old system of
No. 40. The smaller the number, the thicker the wire. For measuring the sizes of wires and cables
7. Polymer Insulation home use, the most common gauges are between 10 and
20. System International/ Metric system (SI system) – wires
WIRE IDETIFICATION and cables are expressed in square millimeters.
- Larger wire carries more current. Forcing too much
• Type T- used for dry locations current through a wire will cause it to overheat and trip a -In AWG, the smaller the number, the larger the size of the
breaker. wire
• Type TW- use in dry or wet locations

P a g e | 18
-In SI, the cross sectional area of the wire expressed in sq. - To protect the wiring system from damage by the Other Wiring Accessories:
mm. is the actual size of the wire or cable building and its occupants
Junction box- box with a blank cover where conductors
CONDUITS AND RACEWAYS - To protect the building and the occupants from damage meet join
by the electric systems
Raceways- channels or pipes used to hold wires, cables or Pull box- box with a blank cover inserted to one or more
busbars OTHER TYPERS OF RACEWAYS raceways to facilitate pulling of the conductors
Receptacle- contact device installed at the outlet for the
Materials used in raceways: - Conduit coupling, elbows, condulets and other fittings connection of a single attachment plug.
1. Metals - Conduit supports such as clamps, hangers, etc. TYPES OF CABLES:
2. Plastics - Cable trays, cable bus, etc. 1. Armored Cable (AC) or BX- fabricated assembly of
insulated conductors enclosed in flexible metal sheet.
Types of Raceways: - Non-metal raceways These are used for exposed and concealed work
1. Conduits- most common type; usually in the form of a - Metal raceways 2. Metal Clad Cable (MC)- factory assembled cable of one
pipe or tube or more conductors each individually insulated and
Connectors- are metal sleeves usually made of cooper that enclosed in a metallic sheath of interlocking tape of a
Connectors and other accessories is slipped over and secure to the butted ends of smooth or corrugate tube. This is used for service feeders,
conductors in making a joint. Also known as SPLICING branch circuits and for indoor and outdoor works.
Types of conduits according to material used: SLEEVE.
3. Mineral Insulated Cable (MI)- factory assembled cable
1. Metallic (steel pipes, aluminum, etc.) OUTLET - A point in the wiring system at which current is one or more conductor insulated with a highly compressed
taken to supply utilization equipment; any point that refractory mineral insulation enclosed in a liquid and gas
2. Non-metallic (plastics, pvc) supplies an electric load tight continuous copper sheath.
Types of conduits according to its making: Kinds of Outlet: 4. Non-Metallic Sheath Cable (NM)- factory assembled of
one or more conductors having a moisture resistant, flame
1. Rigid metal 3.Rigid non-metal 1. Convenience outlet or attachment cap retardant, and non-metallic material outer sheath. This is
2. Flexible 4. Flexible non-metal used specifically on one and two family dwelling units not
2. Lighting outlet- intended for a direct connection to a
(corrugated type) exceeding three (3) storeys
lamp holder, lighting fixture or a pendant cord terminating
in a lamp holder. 5. Shielded Non-Metallic Sheathed Cable (SNM)-factory
PURPOSE OF ELECTRICAL CONDUITS
assembled cable of one or more conductors in an extruded
3. Receptacle outlet- an outlet where one or more
- To provide means of running wires from one point to core of moisture resistant and flame retardant material
receptacles are installed
another covered within an overlapping spiral metal tape. Thus is
used in hazardous locations and in cable trays or in
4. Special outlet
- To physically protect the wires raceways.
5. Convenience outlet (co) or attachment cap – a device
- To provide grounded enclosures 6. Underground Feeder and Branch Circuit Cable (UF)- a
which by insertion in a receptacle establishes connection
moisture resistant type of cable used for underground
between the conductor of the flexible cord and the
- To protect the surroundings against the effect of fault in connections including direct burial in the ground as feeder
conductors connected permanently to the receptacle.
the wiring or ground circuit.

P a g e | 19
7. Service Entrance Cable (SE or USE)- an single or multi PANEL BOARD - The National Electrical Code® (NEC®) outlet boxes, including receptacles, switches, dimmers, fan
conductor assembly provided with an overall covering defines a panel board as a single panel or group of panel controls, and so on.
primarily used fro service wire. units designed for assembly in the form of a single panel;
including buses, automatic over current devices, and - Receptacles
8. Power and Control Tray Cable (TC)- factory assembles equipped with or without switches for the control of light,
cable of one or more conductors in with or without heat, or power circuits; designed to be placed in a cabinet - Switches
associated bare or covered grounding under a metallic or cutout box placed in or against a wall or partition and
sheath. This is used for installation in cable trays, raceways accessible only from the front - Specialties
or where it is supported by a messenger wire
Types of Panel Board: RECEPTACLE OUTLET - A receptacle outlet which is
9. Flat Cable Assemblies (FC)- an assembly of parallel mounted on the wall of a room to supply electricity for
conductors formed integrally with an insulating material 1. Main Breaker Type lamps, appliances, etc.
web designed specifically for field installation in metal
surface or raceways. 2. Main Lug Only Type - A common wall outlet properly called a convenience
receptacle outlet, a receptacle outlet, or a convenience
10. Flat Conductor Cables (FCC)- consist of three or more OVERCURRENT PROTECTIVE DEVICES are used to protect outlet.
flat copper conductor placed edge to edge separated and conductors from excessive current flow. These
enclosed within an insulating assembly. This is used for Parts of a Receptacle Outlet:
general purpose as appliance, branch circuits, individual protective devices are designed to keep the flow
branch circuits especially in hard smooth continuousfloor of current in a circuit at a safe level to prevent the circuit -Break-Out Fins
surfaces. conductors from overheating.
- Silver Terminal Screws
11. Medium Voltage Cable (MV)- a single or multi- 1. FUSE - is an overall current protective device with a
circuit opening fusible element which open (break) when -Grounding Terminal Screws
conductor solid dielectric insulated cable rated at 2,000 or
higher. This is used fro power system up to 35,000V there is an over current in the circuit.
- Brass Terminal Screws
12. Busway or Busbars- an assembly of module conductors Types of Fuse:
- Test and Reset Buttons
used to carry large amount of current (power). Instead of
using several parallel or single large conductor, a bar 1. Cartridge Type
SWITCH - An electrical switch is any device used to
assembly is adapted interrupt the flow of electrons in a circuit. Switches are
2. Plug Fuse Type
essentially binary devices: they are either completely on
POWER SUPPLY- Refers to a source of electrical power.
3. Knife Blade Type ("closed") or completely off ("open").
-A device or system that supplies electrical or other types
2. CIRCUIT BREAKER A simple electrical switch- A simple semiconductor switch
of energy to an output load or group of loads is called a
is a transistor.
power supply unit or PSU.
- The National Electrical Code® defines a circuit breaker as
a device designed to open and close a circuit by non- - A few of the most common wiring device switches,
TYPES OF POWER SUPPLY
automatic means, and to open the circuit automatically on generally installed in a small wall box and used for control
a predetermined over current without damage to itself of lighting circuits.
1. Linear Power Supply
when properly applied within its rating.
Parts of a switch:
2. Switched-Mode Power Supply
WIRING DEVICES- The general term wiring devices
includes all devices that are normally installed in wall -Single-pole switch
3. Uninterruptible Power Supply

P a g e | 20
- Holes for cover plate - Screw terminal Type -Fuses -Circuit breakers
- Plaster Ears - Heat Shrink -Overload -Thermal shunt
-Three-way switch CONDUCTOR FORMS TROUBLESHOOTING
- Common Terminal Screw - Solid Wire • Series Circuit -Open
Multimeter Voltage tester - Stranded Wire • No current
` •voltage •voltage level - Multiconductor Cable • Source at the open
•current •rugged construction - Lamp cord • Rest are zeros -Short
•resistance RESISTORS • Current Increase
Clip-on ammeter- measures current without direct - Series - Units • V is zero at the short
connection
- Parallel - Symbol • Parallel
Digital circuit probe- measures digital logic levels
SERIES CIRCUIT -Same current – Short: Fuse blows
Oscilloscope- used to measure and examine voltage
waveforms - Largest resistance has the largest voltage drop. – Open: Less current
SOURCES OF ELECTRICITY - Add resistance Ground Fault Interrupter - Ground fault interrupters are
designed to protect from electrical shock by interrupting a
-Heat – Lower current household circuit when there is a difference in the
currents in the "hot" and neutral wires
- Light - One open the circuit fails.
Static Electricity - Electrical charge at rest.
- Pressure PARALLEL CIRCUIT - Same Voltage
- Static: having no motion; at rest
- Mechanical Magnetic action -Smallest resistance, most current.
> Electrical charges are caused by an imbalance of
CURRENT- the rate flow of electrons - Add a branch: electrons on the surface atoms of materials.
- one Coulomb/ sec – Increase Current > Primarily due to triboelectric charging between materials
where electrons from surface atoms are transferred
- =one ampere (A) – Decrease Resistance between materials creating an electrostatic potential.
CONNECTORS – RT smallest than the smallest. > Electrostatic field surrounds electrostatically charged
objects.
-Crimp - One opens, current is smaller than normal
ESD : A hare raising experience
-Solder (tin lead, 63/37) CIRCUIT PROTECTION

P a g e | 21
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) - A transfer of electrostatic 3. The lack of standardization in the industry has also - The term can refer to any form of cooling, heating,
charge between bodies at different electrostatic potentials limited the acceptance of fiber optics. ventilation, or disinfection that modifies the condition of
caused by direct contact or induced by an electrostatic air. - An air conditioner designed to stabilize the air
field. 4. Many industries are more comfortable with the use of temperature and humidity within an area
electrical systems and are reluctant to switch to fiber
Lightning: a mega ESD event optics. .- is an appliance, system, or mechanism designed to
extract heat from an area via a refrigeration cycle. In
Lightning strikes somewhere on Earth about 100 times BASIC STRUCTURE OF AN OPTICALFIBER construction, a complete system of heating, ventilation,
each second! and air conditioning is referred to as "HVAC." Its purpose,
The basic structure of an optical fiber consists in a building or an automobile, is to provide comfort
COMMUNICATION AND LIGHTING of three parts: the core, the cladding, and the coating or during either hot or cold weather. - The process of treating
buffer air to control simultaneously its temperature, humidity,
SPEAKER CONNECTION -Speaker installation is an cleanliness, and distribution to meet the comfort
important element whenever you install a The CORE is a cylindrical rod of dielectric material. requirementsof the occupants of the conditioned space.
Dielectric materialconducts no electricity. Light propagates
Communication system. No matter how good the amplifier mainly along the core of theiber. The core is generally CONCEPT OF AIRCONDITIONING - The concept of air
is, if the speaker installation is not done properly, the made of glass conditioning is known to have been applied in Ancient
sound produced will be inadequate. Rome, where aqueduct water was circulated through the
The core is surrounded by a layer of material called the walls of certain houses to cool them
FIBER-OPTIC SYSTEMS -Design has centered on long-haul cladding. Even though light will propagate along the fiber
communications and the subscriber-loop plants. core without the layer of cladding material, the cladding -Similar techniques in Persia involved the use of cisterns
does perform some necessary functions. and wind towers to cool buildings during the hot season
-The subscriber loop plant is the part of a system that
connects a subscriber to the nearest switching center. The CLADDING layer is made of a dielectric material. -The first large-scale electrical air conditioning was
Cable television is an example Cladding is generally made of glass or plastic and performs invented and used in 1902 by Willis Haviland Carrier.
the following functions: Reduces loss of light from the core
Advantages of Fiber Optics: into the surrounding air Reduces scattering loss at the APPLICATIONS
surface of the core Protects the fiber from absorbing
1. Fiber-optic systems have many attractive features that surface Comfort Applications
are superior ton electrical systems. These include
improved system performance, immunity to electrical contaminants Adds mechanical strength For -Aim to provide a building indoor environment that
noise, signal security, and improved safety and electrical extra protection. remains relatively constant in a range preferred by
isolation. humans despite changes in external weather conditions or
-The COATING or BUFFER is a layer of material used to in internal heat loads.
2. Other advantages include reduced size and weight, protect an optical fiber from physical damage. The
environmental protection, and overall system economy. material used for a buffer is a type of plastic. The buffer is -Air conditioning makes deep plan buildings feasible.
elastic in nature and prevents abrasions. Also, the buffer
Disadvantages: prevents the optical fiber from scattering losses caused by Process Applications
micro bends. Micro bends occur when an optical fiber is
1. Because of the relative newness of the technology, placed on a rough and distorted surface. - Aims to provide a suitable environment for a process
Fiber-optic components are expensive. being carried out, regardless of internal heat and humidity
AIRCONDITIONING -is the cooling and dehumidification of loads and external weather conditions.
2. Fiber-optic transmitters and receivers are still relatively indoor air for thermal comfort.
expensive compared to electrical interfaces.

P a g e | 22
-Although often in the comfort range, it is the needs of the Adiabatic Saturation– the introduction of water into Breathing wall – a method such as the incremental system
process that determine conditions, not human preference saturated air to increase its humidity ratio, but without that has exterior wall opening for heat and moisture
Comfort Applications for various building types: transfer of heat to or from an outside source and without rejection and fresh air supply.
gain or loss of the heat content (Enthalpy) of the mixture.
Low-Rise Residential buildings, including single family Air Diffuser- Air distribution outlet or grille designed to BTU (British Thermal Unit)- the standard of measurement
houses, duplexes, and small apartment buildings. direct airflow into desired patterns. used for measuring the amount of heat required to raise
the temperature of one pound of water by one degree
High-Rise Residential buildings, such as tall dormitories Airflow- The distribution or movement of air. (Fahrenheit)
and apartment blocks.
Air Handler- Fan-blower, filter and housing parts of a BURN PLENUM – the duct designed to bring “return air” to
Commercial buildings, which are built for commerce, system. the blowers of the air handling unit.
including offices,malls, shopping centers, restaurants, etc.
Air Source- air is being used as the heat source or heat sink C
Institutional buildings, which includes hospitals, for a heat pump.
governmental, academic, and so on. Centralized– a system with one heating or cooling source
Arc- Luminous Bridge formed by in a gap between two and a ducted network
Industrial spaces where thermal comfort of workers is conductors or terminals when they are separated. A spark.
desired. Capacity- the output or producing capability of a piece of
Automatic expansion valve (AXV)- Refrigerant metering cooling or heating equipment.
TERMS device operatedby a low-side pressure of the system.
Central Air conditioner System- system in which air is
A B treated at central location and carried to and from the
rooms by one or more fans and a system of duct. Charge-
Absolute humidity- amount of moisture in the air. Balance Point- The lowest outdoor temperature at which amount of refrigerant placed in the refrigerating unit.
the refrigeration cycle of a heat pump will supply the
AIR CHANGES (IN VENTILATION) – the number of times heating requirements with the aid of a supplementary Chilled water – the refrigerated water used to call with air
the air is changed per hour in a room heat source. in air conditioning system
AIR FOIL VANES – flat blades in a register that can be Bias- steady voltage inserted in a series with an element of Comfort Zone- the range of temperature, humid and air
turned to position that direct the airstreams. an electronic device. velocities at which the greatest percentage of people feel
comfortable.
AFUE- Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency, a rating that Blow-through unit- a unit in which direct expansion, or
reflects the efficiency of gas furnace in covering fuel to hydraulic coils, is located downstream of supply fan. Compressor -the heart of an air conditioning or heat pump
energy. Compare with pullthrough unit. system. It is a part of the outdoor until that pumps
refrigerant. It maintains adequate pressure to cause
Air Change- the amount of air required to completely Blower (fan) - an air handling device for moving air in a refrigerant to flow in sufficient quantities in order to meet
replace the air in a room or a building. distribution system.. the cooling requirements.
Air Conditioner- Assembly of equipment for the BTUH- The number of BTU in an hour. Condenser- A device that transfers unwanted heat out of
simultaneous control of air temperature, relative humidity, the refrigeration system to a medium to absorb the heat
purity and motion. Boiler– a unit that produces hot water or steam for and transfer it to a disposal unit.
heating
Air Cooled- uses a fan to discharge heat from a condenser Condenser Coil- a series or network of tubes filled with
coil to then outdoor. refrigerant, normally located outside the home, that

P a g e | 23
removes heat from hot, gaseous refrigerant so that the Duct- A pipe or closed conduit made of sheet of metal, G
refrigerant becomes liquid again. fiberglass board, or other suitable material used or
conducting air to form an air handling unit. Ground source- the ground or soil below the frost line is
Condensing Unit- Part of a refrigerating mechanism which being used as the heat source or heat sink for a heat
pumps vaporized refrigerant from the evaporator, Ductwork- Pipes or channels that carry air throughout pump. Ground water source- water from underground
compresses it, liquefies in the condenser and returns it to your home. well is being used as the heat source or heat sink for a heat
a refrigerant control. pump
E
COP- Coefficient of Performance of a heat pump means H
the ratio of the rate of useful heat output delivered by the EVAPORATION – absorbs heat as Freon becomes a gas
complete heat pump unit to the corresponding rate of HUMIDIFIER - a device to vaporize water, and to use it to
energy input, in consistent units and under operating Enthalpy – the quantity of heat in BTU per minute in a increase the relative humidity of air
conditions. fluid or gas Heat content or total heat, including both
sensible and latent heat. The amount of heat contained in Heat Pump- compression cycle system used to supply heat
Cooling Capacity- A measure of the ability of a unit to a refrigerant at any given temperature with reference to to a controlled temperature space.
remove the heat from an enclosed space. COMPRESSION – 40F.
produces high pressure Freon • Heat exchanger- a device for the transfer of heat energy
Evaporator- Absorbs heat from the surroundings air or from the source to the conveying medium.
CONDENSING - liquefies high pressure Freon liquid and move it outside the refrigerate area by means of
a refrigerant. Horizontal Furnace- a furnace that lies on its sides, pulling
D in return air from one side and expelling warm air from the
Evaporator Coil- a series or network of tubes filled with other.
Damper- Found in ductwork, this movable plate opens and refrigerant located inside the home that takes heat and
closes to control airflow. Dampers are used effectively in moisture out of indoor air as liquid refrigerant evaporate. Heat gain- the amount of heat gained, measured in BTU’s,
zoning to regulate airflow to certain rooms. from a space to be conditioned, and the local summer
F outdoor design temperature and a specified indoor design
Defrost Cycle- The process of removing ice or frost buildup condition.
from the outdoor coil during the heating season. FINNED TUBE – used for heat transfer between water and
air Humidity Ratio – the weight of the actual water vapor in a
Dehumidification- The reduction of water vapor in air by mixture per pound or dry air
cooling the air blow the dew point. FLOW RATE – cubic feet per minute (CFM)of air-circulated
in an air system of the number of pounds of water per Humidifier- a device that adds moisture to warm air being
DP – DEW POINT (the temperature at which dew becomes hour circulated through a hot water system circulated or directed into a space. • Humidistat- a device
water) designed to regulate humidity input by reacting to changes
FIDE GAS - Carbon monoxide, Carbon dioxide and the like into the moisture content of the air.
Down flow furnace- A furnace that pulls in return air from
the top and expels warm air at the bottom. Filter- a device for removing dust particles from air or Humidity- the amount of moisture in the air. Air
unwanted elements from liquid. conditioners remove moisture for added comfort.
DB – DRY BULB TEMPERATURE (the temperature of the air
water vapour mixture as in the normal way with a FREON – refrigerant gas HSPF- Heating Seasonal Performance Factor. Refers to the
Fahrenheit thermo efficiency of the heating mode of heat pumps over an
Furnace- the part of an environment system which entire heating season. The higher the number, the more
DEGREE DAY – the number of Fahrenheit degrees that the converts gas, oil, electricity or other fuel into heat for efficient the unit.
average outdoor temperature over a 24-hour period is less distribution within the structure.
than 65 F. HVAC- Heating, ventilation, air conditioning.
P a g e | 24
I Psychrometer– an instrument used to determine the TR- Tons of Refrigeration

moisture content of the air. It consists of two
IBR - INSTITUTE OF BOILER AND RADIATOR thermometers, one of a standard type with a dry bulb and - A complete air conditioning system consists of a
MANUFACTURER the other furnished with a moistened bag or wick to keep refrigeration unit; ducts, fans, and vents to distribute the
its bulb continuously wet, because the evaporation of air; a filter air washing system; a heating unit for winter;
INFILTRATION – cold air that leaks in -airflow inward into a moisture from the wick extracts a corresponding amount and a thermostat to regulate temperature.
space through walls, leaks around doors and windows or of heat. The bulb is cooled and the wet bulb thermometer
through the building materials used in the structures. will indicate a lower temperature than the dry-bulb - The operating principle of an air conditioner is similar to
thermometer. that of the refrigerant which cools food. A gas or vapor
ICM – Integrally Controlled Motor. absorbs heat under low pressure; then it I condensed and
R pressurized to release the stored heat. In the cooling cycle
Indoor Unit- this is actually located inside the house and of an air conditioner, a refrigerant vapour reduces the
contains the indoor coil, fan, motor, and filtering device, RH – Relative Humidity (a ratio which indicates the degree temperature of the cooling coil. The heat from
sometimes called the air handler. of saturation of air with water vapor, expressed as the surrounding air is absorbed into the refrigerant, thus
ratio of the partial pressure of the actual water vapor in a cooling the air. The refrigerant is then compressed and
Indoor Coil- refrigerant containing portion of a fan coil unit mixture of, to the pressure of a saturated mixture at the then sent to a condenser coil to a high pressure. The
similar to a car radiator, typically made of several rows of same temperature. pressure at which the refrigerant is maintained. It controls
copper tubing with aluminium fins. the temperature at which it will evaporate or condense
T when heat is added or taken away.
K
Temperature Drop- as applied to air systems, the - Comfort air conditioning or climate control means the
K factor- fee of a grille difference in temperature of the return air and the heated maintenance of the atmospheric factors affecting comfort
air delivered. especially it is the maintenance of the following variables
King valve- valve located at the outlet of the receiver tank.
all within well objectionable noise.
The liquid receiver valve. Temperature Rise- the difference in temperature of the
return air and cooled air delivered. •The desired temperature
LLatent Heat (hidden heat)- change of state from a liquid
to a solid or liquid to a vapor involves latent that cannot be ACRONYMS •An acceptable community
measured with a thermometer.
ACCU- Air Cooled Condensing Unit •Minimal atmospheric particulate including
Lithium Bromide System- uses water for the refrigerant pollens and bacteria
and lithium bromide for the absorber; strong solution. AHU- Air Handling Unit
•An acceptable odor level
Locked rotor amps (LRA)- current a compressor motor will ATC- Automatic Temperature Control
draw if the compressor is stuck and cannot be turned over. • A uniform air pattern and air motion
CAC- Central Air Conditioner
M The complete functions of an air conditioning
FCU- Fan Coil Unit system are:
MEAN RADIAN TEMPERATURE – average temperature,
interior surfaces HVAC- Heating Ventilating and Air Conditioning 1. Cooling and dehumidifying of air
P PAC- Packaged Air Conditioner 2. Heating and humidifying of air
PRIMARY AIR – heated or cooled air directly from the RAC- Room Air Conditioner 3. Cleaning of air (Filtration)
conditioner.
P a g e | 25
4. Circulation of Air 2. Central Type Method of Cooling
AIR CONDITIONING STANDARDS 3. Chilled Water Type 1. Mechanical refrigeration plant
• Heating and humidifying of air – A relative humidity of 30 4. Air Handling Type 2. Absorption Machine
to 35 percent is found most satisfying in winter. With this
proportion a temperature of from 70 to 75 F (21.1-23.9 C) PROPERTIES OF DRY AIR Source of Heating
is comfortable.
Dry Atmospheric Air is a mixture of several gases with the 1. Boiler/ Furnace
• Cooling and dehumidifying – For summer cooling, following practical constant Important Variables to Keep in
temperature of 76-80 F (24.4-26.6 C) and 50 percent Mind When Estimating Load (BTU) Air Distribution System - -consisting of fans and ducts to
relative humidity are a frequent design average bring the conditioned air to the rooms and back to the
Requirements for a Room Cooling Installation are: conditioner for re-cooling or re-heating
• Air Motion – A gentle motion of air produces a refreshing
and stimulating effect. The velocity should average 15 to 1. Heat Gain thru Ceiling Air Conditioning Equipment
25 ft. per minute measured 36 inches above floor.
2. Room size/ Floor Area (Sq. ft.) Indoor: (Parts)
• Air Supply – Many codes require about 30 cu. Ft. per
person. Since the indoor air is re-circulated and reused in 3. Wall Construction -Blower -Indoor Air
air conditioning, a smaller amount of outdoor air is
required, 5 to 10 cu. Ft. per person is sufficient. 4. Proportion of Outside Wall -Cooled Air -Cooling coils
CLASSES OF AIRCONDITIONING 5. Occupancy -Temperature sensing bulb
1. Tempering coils 6. Exposure of Walls to the Soon to be Aircon -Expansion Valve
2. Water heaters AIRCONDITIONING SYSTEMS Outdoor:
3. Pre-heaters Unit Air Conditioners - Compressor - Fan Axle
4. Re-heaters a. Self-Contained Units- units w/c house the compressor, - Fan - Condenser coils
condenser, and evaporator in the same cabinet. The most
CLASSIFICATION ( 4 Major Categories) common is the “through the wall” type -Hot air - Out door air
1. Air Water b. PACKAGED UNITS- units for cooling-heating, have the EVAPORATORS AND COOLERS
compressor and the evaporator included in the “indoor”
2. Cool Air package, while the air cooled condenser is provided and - Several methods are:
located out of doors
3. Refrigerant 1. Direct cooling of water
Central Systems
4. Water 2. Direct cooling of air
a. The Air Handling Unit- equipped with pre-
TYPES OF AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM heater, filters, spray humidifiers, cooling coils and re- 3. Indirect cooling
heaters
1. Unit type

P a g e | 26
HUMIDITY CONTROL - A specific type of air conditioner -The Air-to-Air version re-evaporates the water and 2. Evaporative Coolers- In very dry climates, evaporative
that is used only for dehumidifying is called a dehumidifier discharges it through the ducted hose, and can run coolers (or "swamp coolers") are popular for improving
continuously. comfort during hot weather. This type of cooler is the
- A dehumidifier is different from a regular air conditioner dominant cooler used in Iran, which has the largest
in that both the evaporator and condenser coils are placed Single- Duct Unit - Draws air out of the room to cool its number of these units of any country in the world, causing
in the same air path. condenser, and then vents it outside. some to referring to these units as "Persian coolers."
- A regular air conditioner transfers energy out of the room - This air is replaced by hot air from outside or other 3. Ductless Split System- The components of this system
by means of the condenser coil, which is outside the room rooms, thus reducing efficiency. are separated. The condenser is located outside and is
(outdoors). connected to single or multiple evaporator units inside.
- Disadvantages are that unless ambient humidity is low These evaporator units are connected to the condenser
- Dehumidifiers are commonly used in cold, damp climates (dry climate) cooling is limited and the cooled air is very unit by small flexible hoses and do not use a central air
to prevent mold growth indoors, especially in basements. humid and can feel clammy. duct
- They are also sometimes used in hot, humid climates for - They have the advantage of needing no hoses to vent CENTRAL AIR CONDITIONING - commonly referred to as
comfort because they reduce the humidity which causes heat outside the cooled area, making them truly portable; central air (U.S.) or air-con (UK), is an air-conditioning
discomfort (just as a regular air conditioner, but without and they are very cheap to install system which uses ducts to distribute cooled and/or
cooling the room). dehumidified air to more than one room, or uses pipes to
and use less energy than refrigerative air conditioners. distribute chilled water to heat exchangers in more than
HEALTH IMPLICATIONS - A poorly maintained air- one room, and which is not plugged into a standard
conditioning system can occasionally promote the growth Evaporative Air Coolers - Sometimes called swamp air electrical outlet. - With a typical split system, the
and spread of microorganisms, such as Legionella conditioners, do not have a compressor or condenser. condenser and compressor are located in an outdoor unit;
pneumophila. the evaporator is mounted in the air handler unit. With a
- Liquid water is evaporated on the cooling fins, releasing
package system, all components are located in a single
- Air conditioning can have a positive effect on sufferers of the vapor into the cooled area.
outdoor unit that may be located on the ground or roof.
allergies and asthma. - In serious heat waves, air
conditioning can save the lives of the elderly. REFRIGERANTS
COOLING TOWERS AIR HANDLER - or air handling unit
(often abbreviated to AHU), is a device used to condition
PORTABLE AIR CONDITIONERS - A portable air conditioner Freon is a trade name for a family of haloalkane
and circulate air as part of a heating, ventilating, and
is one on wheels that can be easily transported inside a refrigerants manufactured by DuPont and other
airconditioning (HVAC) system. Usually, an air handler is a
home or office. companies. These refrigerants were commonly used due
large metal box containing a blower, heating and/or
to their superior stability and safety properties.
cooling elements, filter racks or chambers, sound
- Portable true air conditioners come in two forms, split Unfortunately, evidence has accumulated that these
attenuators, and dampers. Air handlers usually connect to
and hose. Evaporative coolers, sometimes called chlorine-bearing refrigerants reach the upper atmosphere
ductwork that distributes the conditioned air through the
conditioners, are also portable. when they escape
building, and returns it to the AHU. Sometimes AHUs
Types of Air Conditioner Equipment discharge (supply) and admit (return) air directly to and
Split System - A split system has an indoor unit on wheels
from the space served, without ductwork. An air handling
connected to an outdoor unit via flexible pipes, similar to a
1. Window and through-wall units- Many traditional air unit air flow is from the right to left in this case. Some AHU
permanently fixed installed unit.
conditioners in homes or other buildings are single components shown are:
Hose Systems - Which can be Air-to-Air and Monoblock, rectangular units used to cool all or a portion of an
apartment, house, or other building. Hotels frequently use 1. Supply Duct
are vented to the outside via air ducts.
PTAC systems, which combine heating and air conditioning
2. Fan compartment
-The "monoblock" version collects the water in a into the same unit.
bucket or tray and stops when full.
P a g e | 27
3. Vibration isolator (‘flex joint’) BUILDING UTILITIES 3- LIGHTING AND

4. Heating and/or cooling coil ACOUSTICS
Lamp – a man light source which produces
5. Filter compartment LIGHT VS LIGHTING radiation in or near the visible region of the
6. Mixed (recirculated outside) air duct
spectrum; often called a bulb or tube to
Light – An artificial source of illumination
Air Handler Components:
Lighting - The various processes, systems,
1. Blower/ Fan- air handlers typically employ a large forms, and or equipment used to provide light
squirrel cage blower driven by an AC induction electric
motor to move the air. The blower may operate at a single and illumination
speed, offer a variety of pre-set speeds, or be driven by a
variable frequently drive so as to allow a wide range of air TYPES OF LIGHTING
flow rates
2. Heating and/or cooling elements- Depending on the

Accent lighting - any directional, which
location and the application, air handlers may need to emphasizes a particular object or draws
provide heating, or cooling, or both to change the supply attention to a particular area.
air temperature. Smaller air handlers may contain a fuel
burning heater or a refrigeration evaporator, placed
directly in the air stream Cove lighting - lighting from sources which are
out of sight, which distributed light over the
3. Filters- Air filtration is almost always present in order to
provide clean dust-free air to the building occupants.
ceiling and upper walls.
4. Humidifier- Humidification is often necessary in colder Direct-indirect lighting – lighting in which the
climates wherecontinuous heating will make the air drier, luminaries are in general diffuse category but
resulting in uncomfortable air quality and increased static
electricity. Various types of humidification may be used emit little or no light at angles near a horizontal
plane drawn through them.
5. Mixing Chamber- In order to maintain indoor air quality,
air handlers commonly have provisions to allow the
introduction of outside air into, and the exhausting of air
Directional lighting - lighting, predominantly
from the building. from a preferred direction, which provides
illumination on the work plane or an object.
- In temperate climates, mixing the right amount of cooler
outside air withwarmer return air can be used to approach
the desired supply air temperature. A mixing chamber is Direct lighting – lighting in which luminaries
therefore used which has dampers controlling the ratio distribute 90% to 100% of the emitted light in
between the return, outside, and exhaust air.
the direction of the surface to be illuminated,
usually a downward direction.

P a g e | 28
distinguish it from the complete lighting unit types Metal halide lamp – an electric lamp in which
consisting of thru source and associated parts the light is produced by the radiation from a
FLUORESCENT LAMP – a low-pressure electric
such as reflectors. mixture of a metallic vapor (e.g.mercury) and
discharge lamp. the products of the dissociation of halides
INCANDESCENT DAYLIGHT LAMP – an
Diachronic reflector lamps - these lamps (e.g.halides of thallium, indium, sodium, etc.)
incandescent lamp having a blue green glass
bulb which makes the emitted light whiter by transmit color selectively through a molecular Rapid-start lamps – this are similar in
layer of chemical coating, allowing only the
absorbing part of the yellow and the red light, construction to the preheat lamps;
approximately 35% less efficient than the desired wavelength of color to pass through.
the basic difference is in the circuitry.
standard indecent lamp. Equal-energy white - when all colors fade into
Filament- material usually used is tungsten, it white at the center of the diagram. Reflector lamp-an incident lamp in which part
of the bulb serves as a reflector.
may be straight wire, a coil or a coiled coil High intensity discharge lamps – these lamps
Gas- Usually a mixture of nitrogen and argon is have inherently high efficacy and, with LIGHT MEASURE
appropriate color correction, can be utilized in
used in most lamps of 40 watts or larger to LUMEN -It can be defined as the rate at which
retard evaporation any application, indoor or outdoor, that does
not have critical color criteria. light falls on one square foot of a surface area
one foot from a source of one candlepower, or
Stem Press- The lead in wires in the glass have
an air tight seal and are made of a combination High-pressure mercury lamp – a mercury vapor one candela.
lamp that operates at a partial pressure of
of a nickel iron alloy core and a copper CANDELA -1/60 the intensity of a square
mercury about 1 atmosphere or more.
Exhaust tube- air is exhausted through this tube centimeter of a blackbody radiator operated at
Low voltage lamps – these lamps, in PAR shape 2047 K, which is the freezing point of platinum.
during manufacture and inert gases into the
bulb. and for 6V operation, are available in extremely
narrow beam spread (5-10degree) for special FOOT CANDLE - Is the quantity of light (or
illumination level) on one square foot of surface
Bulb- soft glass is generally used, hard glass is precision control flood lighting.
used for some lamps to withstand higher area one foot away from the light source.
Mercury vapor lamp - an electric discharge
temperature LUX- the quantity of light on one square meter
lamp consisting of an electric arc in mercury
Support wires- supports the filament vapor in a sealed tube, which in turn maybe of surface area one meter away from the light
source (1 lux equals 0.09 fc)
enclosed in an outer glass envelope; the light
Mica disc- used in higher wattage general appears to be blue-white in color.
service lamps and other
P a g e | 29
COLOR TEMPERATURE AND ILLUMINATION- Is light cell parallel to and on the plane of interest.  COLOR WHEEL- circular organization of
the temperature of an ideal black-body radiator colors according to hue
•Gradients provide a method of analyzing the
that radiates light of
relationship between light sources and room Neutrals
comparable hue to that of a light source shapes and reflectance
 White- pure, clean, airy, pristine
•Unit of absolute temperature is K “kelvin” BRIGHTNESS-To measure brightness of a diffuse  Darks- rich, polished, moody, elegant
reflecting surface, hold the meter’s light cell  Mid-neutrals- restrained, subtle, well-
•There are over 5,000 k cool colors (blueish close to the surface of interest and then draw it rounded, dependable
white) and (2,700-3,000 K) are warm colors back 2 o 4 in until the reading remains constant.
(yellowish white through red) White
REFLECTANCE - Generally refer to the fraction
•Illuminance is often called the “brightness” of incident electromagnetic power that is  Aids mental clarity
reflected at an interface  Encourages us to clear clutter
•It is the light intensity that differs the color
 Evokes purification of thoughts or
from tint to shade TRANSMITTANCE -To measure transmittance actions
HAWTHORNE EFFECT (in %) of a transparent or translucent material,  Enables fresh beginnings
hold the meter’s light cell flush on the sample.
•This as from an experiment to improve factory Using a constant light source on the opposite Mid-neutrals
lighting which increased the productivity of the side, measure the foot candles from the source
 Feeling of wholesomeness
workers with and without the sample in place.
 Stability
•the first experiment involved changing the COLOR THEORY  Connection with earth
light bulbs into producing  Offers a sense of orderliness
CHARACTERISTICS OF COLOR
lower light (they deducted 1.4 foot candles) Darks
 Hue- the color itself
•Then they increased the light intensity of the  Saturation/Tone- amount of color that  Feeling of inconspicuous
bulbs and proved to be more effective distances it from the gray  Resftful emptiness
 Brightness- amount of BW in the color  Mysterious evoking a sense of potential
ILLUMINATION LEVELS
 Shade- mixed with black and possibility
•To measure illumination levels, take readings  Tint- mixed with white
Red
(in lm/ft^2 or fc) with the

P a g e | 30
 Increases enthusiasm Purple LOUDNESS

 Stimulates energy
 Uplifting COMPARATIVE LOUDNESS
 Encourages energy
 Calming to mind
 Encourages action and confidence Loudness is the human perception of the
 Offers sense of spirituality
 A sense of protection from fear and magnitude of a sound. Earl efforts to quantify
 Encourages creativity
anxiety loudness were undertaken in the field of music.
ACOUSTICS
Blue Noisiness is affected by a number of factors
PITCH- The perceived uditory sensation of that do not influence loudness (Kryter,1970).
 Calming and sedate
sounds expressed interms of high or low Two that do affect loudness are the spectrum
 Cooling
frequency stimulus of the sound and the level.
 Aids intuition
The phenomenon of critical bands is of great The loudness of direct sound waves to a
Yellow
significance for many aspects of human hearing. listener is determined by:
 Mentally stimulating
Musical pitch is defined in terms of notes (1) the loudness of the original source, and
 Stimulates the nervous system
however, there are
 Activates memory (2) the listener distance from the source. The
 Encourages communication psycho acoustical experiments to measure loudness of the direct
human perception of relative pitch as well.
Green Sound decreases with the square of the
Absolute pitch discrimination is rather rare distance from the sources, That the loudness
 Soothing decreases very rapidly close to the source, but
occurring in only 0.01 percent of the population
 Relaxing mentally as well as physically as The distance from the source increases, a
 Helps alleviate depression Relative pitch discrimination can be measured change in distance has little effect.
 Offers a sense of renewal, self-control by asking subjects to respond when one tone
and harmony sounds twice as high as another. When a soundwave strikes a surface such as a
floor, wall, or ceiling, the direction of travel is
Orange CONSONANCE AND DISSONANCE -When two changed by reflection. Reflection of sound
tones are played together, there is a frequency waves follows the same physical law as light
 Stimulates activity range over which they sound rough or reflection. The angle of incidence equals the
 Stimulates appetite dissonant angle of reflection.
 Encourages socialization

P a g e | 31
REVERBERATION -Reflected waves will continue Focusing action that produces very annoying
ricocheting between room surfaces losing only a echoes.
fraction of power by absorption at each
reflection. COEFFICIENTS OF GENERALBUILDING
MATERIALS AND
The prolongation of sound is called
reverberation. The sound will gradually FURNISHINGS
diminish. RAY DIAGRAM ANALYSIS
Reverberation time is the time measured in This is used to:
seconds that a
1.Study the effect of room shaping on sound
Sound average loudness can be heard before it distribution and;
becomes completely
2.Identify possible echo-producing surfaces
In audible under quiet conditions.
ECHO -A distinct repetition of a direct sound is

an echo. In a highly
Reverberant room, an echo gets lost in the

general reverberation. An
Echo is easily distinguished if the interval is

greater than ½ second
In a room with low reverberation time.
Sounds reflected from flat surfaces will be less

intense than the
Original direct sound. Sound reflected from

concave surfaces has a

Building utilities 1
1. Type of waste being discharged by water closet
a. Hazardous waste
*b. Solid Waste
c. Liquid waste
d. Gaseous Waste
2. Type of waste coming from various fixtures other than water closet.
a. Hazardous waste
b. Solid Waste
*c. Liquid waste
d. Gaseous Waste
3. Refers to an installation that receive and conveys discharges from water closet with or without
waste coming from other fixtures
*a. Drainage pipe
b. Vent Pipe
c. Waste Pipe
d. House drain
4. Any pipe in drainage installation that receives the discharges of any fixture except water closet.
a. Drainage pipe
b. Vent Pipe
*c. Waste Pipe
d. House drain
5. In plumbing system, it functions as air passage or conduit to ventilate the drainage and waste
pipe installation.
a. Drainage pipe
*b. Vent Pipe
c. Waste Pipe
d. House drain
6. Below are major component parts of the drainage installation of a plumbing system, except:
a. Vent
b. Drainage
c. Waste
*d. Sewage
7. Any pipe that receives and conveys discharges of water closet, with or without the discharge
coming from other fixtures to the house drain or house sewer.
a. Stand pipe
b. Vent Pipe
c. Waste Pipe
*d. Soil pipe
8. The unobstructed vertical distance through the free atmosphere between the lowest opening
from any pipe or faucet supplying water to a tank, plumbing fixture or other device and flood
level rim of the receptacle.
a. Back flow
b. Developed length
*c. Air gap
d. Effective opening
9. A vertical pipe installed primarily for the purpose of providing circulation of air to different parts
of the drainage system
a.Stack vent
b. Main Vent
c. Branch vent
*d. Vent stack
10. Principal artery of the venting system to which vent branches may be connected
a.Stack vent
*b. Main Vent
c. Branch vent
d. Vent stack
11. The extension of a soil or waste stack above the highest horizontal drain connected to the stack.
*a.Stack vent
b. Main Vent
c. Branch vent
d. Vent stack
12. The recommended slope for house drain.
a. 1%
b. 3%
*c. 2%
d. 4%
13. Is a fitting or device designed to provide a liquid seal that will prevent the back passage of air
without materially affecting the flow of sewage through it?
a. Riser
*b. Trap
c. Clean out
d. Branch
14. A soil pipe installed vertically
*a.Soil stack
b. Soil vent
c. Soil branch
d. Soil drain
15. It connects the roof terminal to the storm drain, commonly known as conductor or downspout
*a. Roof leader
b. Storm Drain
c. Gutter
d. Long sweep
16. A hole in the ground with stones and bricks laid in such a manner as to allow raw contaminated
sewage to leach into the undersurface of the ground
a. Privy
b. Septic tank
*c. Cesspool
d. Public sewer line
17. A receptacle or vault used to collect organic waste discharge from the house sewer
a. Privy
*b. Septic tank
c. Cesspool
18. Heaviest type of copper pipe used for underground installations
a. J
*b. K
c. L
d. M
19. Least efficient, noisiest, less expensive type of water closet
a. Reverse trap
b. Siphon Vortex
c. Direct flush valve
*d. Washdown
20. A type of water distribution system where water is distributed from normal water pressure
coming from public water main for use in low rise buildings
a. Downfeed system
*b. Upfeed system
c. Pneumatic tank
d. Water pump
1. Water that is clean and free from harmful chemical substances.
*a. potable water
b. cold water
c. hot water
d. rain water
2. Except from brass and copper, what is the nominal diameter of a common pipe or
tube used in plumbing?
a. outside dia.
*b. inside dia.
c. center dia.
d. diameter x 2
3. Pipe which conveys water from the water service pipe to the plumbing fixtures and
other outlets.
a. water service
*b. water distributing pipe
c. water line
d. water supply
4. A water storage system located on top of the structure.

a. cistern
*b. elevated water tank
c. pressure tank
d. tower tank
5. Used to provide additional pressure for the distribution of water.

a. compressor
b. water pump
*c. pressure tank
d. gravity
*a. Plastic pipe
c. Concrete pipe
d. Cast iron pipe
1
7. What kind of plastic fitting can be used to connect galvanized iron pipe to a plastic
pipe directly without the use of a coupling?
a. Union
*b. Female adaptor
c. Male adaptor
d. Bushing

*a. Cross linked
b. Extra
c. Alkoxy component
9. When designing and specifying sanitary pipes particularly plastic pipes, how are
*a. Nominal inside diameter
b. Outside diameter
c. Wall thickness
10. The minimum depth of concrete grease trap should not be less than cm. below the
outlet invert. .
*a. 60 cm
b. 120 cm
c. 80 cm
11. The cleanout shall be equipped with threaded screw cover provided with a raised
head that could be removed easily with a.
a. Fittings
b. Pipe
*c. Wrench
12. A pop-up waste is a device or a mechanism that can be operated in order to prevent
water from being drained when using the fixture. In what type of plumbing fixture
can a pop-up waste be installed?
a. Water closet
2
b. Urinal
*c. Lavatory
d. Floor drain
13. Which of the following features is not a specified feature of a water closet used or
installed in public toilets?
a. Elongated toilet bowl
*b. Tank type water closet only
c. With open-front seat
d. Constructed of non-absorbent material
14. Term used to refer to the accessories of plumbing pipes for connection, reducing,
providing branches, bending and others.
*a. fittings
b. piping tools
c. fixtures
d. pipe reducers
plumbing?
*b. Water supply system
d. None of these
16. Which type of valve is used on the water supply (shut off) portion of a lavatory?
a. Ball valve
b. Gate valve
*c. Angle valve
d. Butterfly valve
1. Is that portion of the plumbing system that receives discharges of all soil and waste
stacks.
*a. House Drain
b. House Sewer
c.Soil Stack
2. Is a type of house drain that receives discharges of sanitary waste as well as storm
water.
a. Combined Waste
b. Combined Vent
*c. Combined Drain
3
3. Is a device designed to convey wastes from garage, wash rack, grease pit and
repair floors into the house drain.
a. Catch basin
b. Septic Tank
*c. Garage catch basin
4. Is a device used in a drainage system to prevent the reversal of flow?

*a. Back Flow valve
b. Back Flow
c. Back Flow pipe
5. A receptacle used to receive water to be drained from the floor into the plumbing
system.
a. Sewer
*b. Floor drain
c.Vent
6. Is a collector of water coming down from the downspout leading the accumulated
water away from the house at a relatively low rate of flow?
*a. Basin
b. Catch Basin
c. Splash Pan
7. Is defined as a device not installed in the house drain immediately inside the
foundation wall of the building
a. House Pipe
b. House Trap
*c. House Sewer
8. The roof area that accumulates the major rainfall water will be the basis in
determining the size of the pipe.
a. Drainage Pipe
b.Sewer
*c. Storm Drain
9. Storm water is not allowed in the.

*a. Sanitary drain
b. House drain
c. Sanitary pipe
10. Waste is conveyed to a public sewer.

a. Sanitary Drain
*b. Sanitary Sewer
c. Sanitary Pipe
4
11. The drainage system is sometimes referred to as DWV. What is the connotation of
the letter V?
a. vent stack
b. vertical pipe
*c. ventilation
d. vent pipe
12. The flow of water or other liquids or substances into the distributing pipes of a
potable supply of water from any source or sources other than its intended source.
a. back siphonage
b. siphonage
*c. back flow
d. back splash
13. A fixture combining one sink and a tray of two or three compartment sinks or trays
in one vent.
a. circuit fixtures
b. combination fixtures
*c. battery of fixtures
d. tray of fixtures
14. Any part of a piping system other than the main, riser or stack.
a. circuit
*b. branch
c. supply pipe
d. distribution pipe
15. Includes all piping within public or private premises that conveys sewage, rainwater
or other liquid wastes to a legal point of disposal.
*a. sewer system
b. drainage system
c. storm line
d. canal
16. A vent that does not carry water or water borne wastes.
a. vent stack
*b. dry vent
c. vent shaft
d. ventilator
17. The water supply pipe connecting the fixture with the fixture branch.
5
*a. branch pipe
b. branch supply
c. fixture pipe
d. fixture supply
18. The lowest portion of the inside of any pipe conduit that is not vertical.
a. horizontal pipe
b. culvert
c. pipe sleeve
*d. invert
19. A pit or receptacle at a low point to which the liquid wastes are drained.
a. trench
b. canal
c. deep well
*d. sump
20. A pipe which conveys only liquid waste, free of fecal matter.
a. drain pipe
*b. soil pipe
c. liquid pipe
d. waste pipe
21. A receptacle or vault used to collect organic waste discharges from the house drain.
*a. septic tank
b. catch basin
c. sump pit
d. cesspool
22. A public sewer which carries storm water and terminates at natural drains such as
canals, lakes or rivers.
*a. storm sewer
b. storm drainage
c. main drainage
d. road water
23. A device of a main and storm sewer and serve as man’s access for inspection and
maintenance services.
*a. manhole
b. cleanout
c. catch basin
6
d. junction box
24. The minimum inside width of a septic tank.

*a. 900 mm
b.1200 mm
c.1000mm
d. 800 mm
1. A vertical vent that is a continuation of the drain, to which the drain connects.
a. vent stack
*b. continuous vent
c. vent shaft
d. stack vent
2. It functions as air passage or conduit to ventilate the drainage and waste pipe
installation.
*a. vent pipe
b. exhaust pipe
c. ventilator
d. cleanout
3. The ideal slope of the horizontal waste pipe line.
a.3%
*b. 2%
c. 4%
d. 20%
4. Common size of the soil pipe serving 10 water closets or less.

*a. 125mm. dia.
b. 100mm dia.
c. 6 “dia.
d. 3 “dia.
5. What is the meaning of VSTR in plumbing system?

*a. vent stack through roof
b. vent soil pipe through roof
c. vent shaft through roof
d. vent stop through roof
6. Length in meters of the interval distance of clean outs of soil and waste pipes.
a. 20m
7
*b. 30m
c. 15m
d. 12m
7. Synonymous with Trap Seal.

a. plug
b. clean out
c. fixture seal
*d. water seal
8. The depth of the trap seal between the overflow and the dip in a common seal p-
trap.
a. 100mm
*b. 75mm
c. 60mm
d. 50mm
9. The pipe from the public water main or any source of water supply to the building
being served.
*a. main water line
b. service line
c. water service
d. house service
10. Vertical supply pipe which extends upward from one floor to the next.
a. vertical supply line
b. vertical pipe
*c. riser
d. up line
11. The force required to move the water inside the pipe.
a. gravity
b. compressed air
*c. pressure
d. current
12. This is the most important health-related water treatment. Although chlorination has
become the standard approach to removing harmful organism from water, there are
other alternatives: ultraviolet light, bromine, iodine, and heat treatment among
others.
8
a.Distillation
b. Ultra violet rays
*c. Disinfection
d. None of the above
13. The process called in water supply system is known as

*a. hydrolysis
b. photosynthesis
c. aqua synthesis
14. Water with the presence of elements such as calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), Iron
(Fe) and Aluminum (Al) which causes hardness. This is characterized by the
difficulty of producing lather from detergents and the presence of scale deposits in
pipes and heaters or boilers.
a. Soft water
b. Malleable water
*c. Hard water
15. Sometimes used to reduce the mineral content in water. An inert, semi-permeable
membrane has higher pressure supply water on one side, as the pressure slowly
forces water through this filtering membrane, most of the minerals (dissolved solids)
are removed. Dissolved chemical, however remain.
a.Dissalination
*b. Reverse Osmosis
c. Hydrolysis
16. Where water has the ability to absorb heat without becoming much warmer itself. It
has greater heat capacity than any other substance except ammonia.
a. Heat gain
*b. Heat Capacity
c Heat absorb
17. It is the ability of water to stick itself and pull itself together. Water has an extremely
high surface tension.
a.Surface stock
b. Surface water
c. surface pull
9
*d. None of the above
18. The ability of water to climb up a surface against the pull of gravity.
a.Gravity
b. Capillary action
*c. Capillarity
19. Water has the ability to dissolve almost any substance.

a. dissolving agent
b.Water dissobility
c. Water abnormality
*d. None of the above
20. This powerful chemical, which consists of oxygen in a three-atom form, is used to
disinfect some municipal water supply systems. It is a very effective bactericide;
however, it must be generated in site and has a relatively short life. It can be
removed by irradiation or activated carbon.
a.Fluoridation
*b.Ozone
c.Distillation
21. This is a simple approach to purification that produces the equivalent of bottled
water for drinking, cooking and laboratory uses. In this process, water is heated to
allow condensation.
a.Fluoridation
b.Ozone
*c.Distillation
22. The advantage is that children who drink fluoridated water have lower rates of tooth
decay. Its disadvantages are that only children need the fluoride, not adults, and
that in amounts above those used in water treatment, fluoride is toxic and can cause
mottled teeth.
*a.Fluoridation
b.Ozone
c.Distillation
10
23. Is a method of treating relatively small-scale water supplies? In this process, the
water is exposed to radiation after it has been filtered. Only momentary exposure
is required to kill bacteria, but this condition may not be fulfilled if the bacteria are
shielded by particles of sediment in the water.
*a.Ultraviolet
b.Ozone
c.Distillation
24. A valve in which the flow of fluid is controlled by a rotating drilled ball that fits tightly
against a resilient (flexible) seat in the valve body. A ball valve is basically a core
cock with a spherical seat.
a. Gate valve
*b. Ball valve
c. Ball valve
25. In a typical grease trap, what should be the correct arrangement of its inlet and
*b. The outlet should be higher than the inlet
c. Both inlet and outlet should be at the same elevation specifically at the upper section of the
trap
26. When designing a septic tank, which of the following practices is not acceptable in
so far as standard trade practice and code requirement is concerned?
*d. All of these
11
*b. Heat fusion joint
28. Which type of pump is commonly used to convey or remove storm or underground water
from a pit? The unit is submerged under the water with the discharged connected above it and
into the drain located at the street level.
a. Ejector pump
b. Turbine pump
*c. Submersible pump
d. Jet pump
of fixtures?
*a. 4 urinals
c. 1 shower
d. 1 water closet, 1 shower and 1 urinal
30. Which of the following condition/s can cause of result to backflow?

Backpressure
a. Difference in elevation
b. Cross connection
*c. All of these
31. Which of the following items is considered a fixture?

Floor drain
a. Bidet
b. Water closet
12
*c. All of these
pipe?
a. Screwed joint
b. Flared joint
*d. Caulked joint
33. A cleanout is a fitting with a removable plate or plug placed along the drainage line
in order to allow access to its interior for cleaning and de-clogging. Which type of
cleanout is recommended for open-ceiling areas such as basement parking?
a. Floor cleanout
b. Wall cleanout
*c. Ceiling cleanout
d. Roof cleanout
b. length of pipe
*d. all of these
35. Which of the following is a purpose in providing ventilation pipes in drainage

system?
*d. All of these
13
36. In water treatment method, the process of removing some suspended matter from
water by simply allowing time and inactivity to settle heavier suspended material.
What is it?
*a. Sedimentation
b. Filtration
c. Reverse osmosis
d. Aeration
a. Storm water
b. Black water
*c. Grey water
d. Hard water
a. Individual vent
b. Circuit vent
*c. Unit vent
d. Looped vent
39. In water supply system, what is the average daily consumption per capita of water
in residential or family dwelling unit? This value is used as a basis for estimating
water demand to obtain capacity of tank and its dimensions.
*d. 50-75 gals per capita per day
14
water hammering?
a. Check valve
*c. Air cap chamber
d. Backwater preventer assembly
15
MAPUA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, INDUSTRIAL DESIGN AND THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT
BUILDING UTILITIES REVIEWER
1. A type of water closet where the flushing action is started by a whirlpool motion followed by a complete flush down.
a. Reverse trap water closet b. washdown water closet c. siphon vortex water closet
2. A plumbing fixture that is used for cleaning private parts.
a. Bidet b. lavatory c. water closet d. sink
3. These are used for control, isolation and repair of the water distribution system.
a. Control and valves b. pipes and fittings c. risers and fixture branches
4. Pipe fitting used in connecting male threaded pipes (threads are outside).
a. Nipple b. coupling c. union d. cap
5. Flowing back of used, contaminated or polluted water from a plumbing fixture or vessel into a water supply pipe due
to a negative pressure in such pipe
a. Back siphonage b. siphonage c. backflow d. reversal of flow
6. Pipe that conveys only waste water or liquid waste free of fecal matter.
a. Soil pipe b. vent pipe c. waste pipe d. waste stack
7. Used for ensuring the circulation of air in a plumbing system and for relieving the negative pressure exerted on trap
seals.
a. Vent pipe b. waste pipe c. soil pipe d. vent stack
8. A fitting or device designed and constructed to provide, when properly vented, a liquid seal which prevents the
backflow of foul air or methane gas without materially affecting the flow of sewage or wastewater through it.
a. Fitting b. coupling c. trap d. ventilation
9. The vertical main of a system of soil, waste or vent pipings extending through one or more stories and extended thru
the roof.
a. Riser b. stack c. stock d. drainage pipe
10. Part of the lowest horizontal piping of a plumbing system which receives the discharges from the soil, waste and
other drainage pipes inside of a building and conveys it to the house sewer outside of the building.
a. House drain b. house sewer c. house drainage d. house pipe
11. Extends from the house drain at a point 0.60 meters from the outside face of the foundation wall of a building to the
junction with the street sewer or to any point of discharge, and conveying the drainage of one building site.
12. A device designed and installed to separate and retain deleterious, hazardous or undesirable matters from normal
wastes and permits normal sewage or liquid wastes to discharge into the disposal terminal by gravity.
a. Grease trap b. trap c. interceptor c. separator
13. Portion of the drainage pipe installation intended to maintain a balanced atmospheric pressure inside the system.
a. Siphonage b. ventilation c. atmospheric balance d. trap
a. Stack vent b. vent stack c. vent pipe d. circuit vent
15. The vertical vent pipe installed primarily for providing circulation of air to and from any part of the soil, waste of the
drainage system.
16. The uppermost end of vent stack above the roof has traditionally been referred to as
a. Vent stack through roof b. vent stack above the roof
17. Pipe that does not connect directly with the drainage system but conveys liquid wastes by discharging into a
plumbing fixture, interceptor or receptacle directly connected to the drainage system.
a. Direct waste pipe b. indirect waste pipe c. indirect soil pipe
18. Used in house drain to prevent the unlikely occurrence of back flows.
a. Angle valve b. gate valve c. backflow valve d. globe valve
19. Pumps the wastes up from the sump pit to the sewers (which are usually higher than basement levels)
a. Sewage ejectors b. sewage lifter c. sewage suction d. sewage catcher
20. Used for fixtures where grease may be introduced into the drainage or sewer system in quantities that can effect
line stoppage or hinder sewage treatment or private sewage disposal.
a. Grease trap b. grease interceptor c. grease catcher d. grease magnet
21. Direct effect of the Minus & Plus Pressure inside the system due to inadequate ventilation of traps
a. Siphonage b. trap seal loss c. trap seal d. atmospheric loss
22. That portion of a vent pipe through which wastewater also flows through.
a. Wet vent b. dry vent c. waste vent d. main vent
23. A vent that does not carry liquid or water-borne wastes.
24. A vertical vent connection on a horizontal soil or waste pipe branch at a point downstream of the last fixture
connection and turning to a horizontal line above the highest overflow level of the highest fixture connected there.
Used in spaces without partitions.
a. Looped vent b. circuit vent c. relief vent d. yoke vent
25. A group vent pipe which starts in front of the extreme (highest) fixture connection on a horizontal branch and
connects to the vent stack.
26. A vertical vent line that provides additional circulation of air between the drainage and vent systems or to act as an
auxiliary vent on a specially designed system such as a “yoke vent” connection between the soil and vent stacks.
27. An arrangement of venting so installed that one vent pipe serve two (2) traps.
a. Unit vent b. double vent c. two vent d. looped vent
28. A pipe fitting containing a removable plug that provides access for repair or inspection of a pipe.
a. Manhole b. cleanout c. trap d. cap
29. The principal artery of the venting system to which vent branches are connected.
a. Main vent b. main soil and waste vent c. vent stack d. vent pipe
30. Used in pipe plumbing systems to connect straight pipe or tubing sections, to adapt to different sizes or shapes, and
for other purposes, such as regulating or measuring fluid flow.
a. Cap b. plug c. fitting d. connector
31. The art and technique of installing pipes, fixtures, and other apparatuses in buildings for bringing in the supply of
liquids, substances and/or ingredients and removing them.
a. Sanitary b. Plumbing c. drainage d. piping
32. The most common type of well, usually dug manually and around 15 meters deep.
a. Shallow well b. driven well c. deepwell d. driven well
33. A type of pump that is designed to be fully immersible within a tank or other media storage receptacle.
a. Sump pump b. rotary pump c. jet pump d. submersible pump
34. A type of valve that is used mainly to completely close or completely open the water line (does not control flow of
water).
a. Globe valve b. check valve c. angle valve d. gate valve
35. A type of valve that is used to prevent reversal of flow in the line.
36. A water supply pipe extending vertically to one full story or more to convey water into pipe branches or plumbing
fixtures
a. Riser b. stack c. service pipe d. downspout
37. The pipe from the street water main or other source of water supply to the building served.
38. A device used to measure in liters or gallons the amount of water that passes through the water service
a. Water meter b. megameter c. hydrometer d. Maynilad meter
39. A type of water closet that flushes through a simple wash down action and discharges waste into a trapway located
at the front of the bowl.
40. A type of water closet that flushes through a siphon action created in the trapway.
41. A watertight covered receptacle designed and constructed to receive the discharge of sewage from a building
sewer, separate solids from the liquid, digest organic matter and store digested solids through a period of detention,
and allow the clarified liquids to discharge for final disposal
a. septic tank b. seepage pit c. privy d. cesspool
42. Waste water with the exception of human wastes
a. grey water b. black water c. storm water d. blue water
43. Water plus solid and liquid human wastes
44. What do you call rain water?
45. A loosely lined excavation in the ground, which receives the discharge of a septic tank; designed to permit effluent to
seep through pit bottom and sides
46. What do you call a non-watertight lined excavation in the ground which receives the discharge of a sanitary drainage
system, designed to retain the organic matter but permitting the liquid to seep through the pit bottom and sides?
47. A pipe installed in buildings not as part of the water supply or waste disposal system but primarily for use as
water conveyor in case of fire
a. Riser b. stack c. standpipe d. water pipe
48. How it works: a standpipe is connected to the building exterior (max ht.= 1.20M) for connection to fire
department
a.Dry standpipe b. wet standpipe c. wet standpipe with Siamese connection
49. How it works: a piping network (line is directly connected to the main water line) connects to all levels of a
building (at least 1 standpipe on each level)
50. As much as possible, standpipes should be located in
a.stairway landings b. hallway c. entrance d. corners
51. The number of wet standpipes shall be determined so that all portions of the building are within ________
meters of a nozzle attached to a hose _________meters long
a. 6m;23m b. 7m;23m c. 6m;24m d. 6m; 25m
52. Distance of sprinkler pipes.
a.3 to 6m b. 2 to 4m c. 4 to 8m
53. This is a
a.Siamese twin b. sprinkler head c. upright d. pendent

Fig. a
Fig. b
54. In above drawing, Figure a is

a.Pendent b. upright c. pendant d. upward
55. In above drawing, Figure b is
a. Pendent b. upright c. pendant d. upward
56. For basement parking what type of sprinkler is suitable to use?
57. Type of sprinkler system that are installed in spaces in which the ambient temperature may be cold enough to
freeze the water, rendering the system inoperable.
a.Dry b. wet c. moist d. humid
58. For offices what type of sprinkler head is best to use?
59. Which of the following storm water system does not use gutter or downspout?
a. Natural system b. combined system c. independent system
60. Which of the following storm water system brings collected water directly to the reservoir?
61. Which of the following storm water system combines storm water with sanitary waste?
62. What do you call the roofing element usually located along the entire perimeter of the roof used for collecting
rainwater?
a. Gutter b. downspout c. catch basin d. roof drain
_____71. What is a manually operated alarm-initiating device that may be equipped to generate a continuous signal or a
series of coded pulses?
A. supervised system
B. multiplex system
C. fire alarm station
D. addressable detector
_____72. What is the common term which refers to the circuit arrangements in fire alarm system that indicate a
malfunction in the wiring of alarm devices by sounding a trouble bell?
A. system coding
B. fire detection
C. circuit supervision
D. signal processing
_____73. Which type of heat detector is applied to long, narrow elements, and applied typically in cable trays, cable
bundle of all sorts, conveyors and large long equipment?
A. linear heat detector
B. spot type heat detector
C. infrared radiation detector
D. ultraviolet radiation detector
_____74. Which type of flame detector is long range and very sensitive which react in milliseconds and react to most
types of fires?
_____75. Which signal device is consisting of an electromagnetic coil that, when electric power is applied to it will cause
a thin metal piece to vibrate?
A. horn
B. buzzer
C. chime
D. siren
_____76. Which signal device is consisting of an electric motor that produces a continuous high-pitched sound (100dB
max) and can be used only in a place with normally high ambient sound?
A. horn
B. buzzer
C. chime
D. siren
_____77. Which intrusion detection device operates on the simple principle of beam interruption, which is quite effective
indoors, but outdoors, dusts, insects and birds can show the location of the beam, permitting it to be circumvented?
A. passive infrared “presence” detector

B. mechanical motion detector
C. photoelectric device
D. sensors with normally open contacts
_____78. Which intrusion detection device is basically a spring mounted contact suspended inside a second contact
surface which is very sensitive and can be activated by sonic booms, wind and even a heavy truck passing by?
D. sensors with normally open contrast
_____79.Which of the following systems is interconnected to all electrical equipment to provide a direct path to earth in
order to protect people and equipment from fault currents?
A. grounding
B. circuit breaker
C. transformer
D. fuse
_____80. What do you call the unit of measurement of the movement of electric charge known as an electric current?
A volts
B. amperes
C. watts
D. lux
_____81. Which of the following types of wires has a galvanized steel spiral metal sheath and may be installed in dry,
indoor locations with product designation BX?
A. non-metallic sheathed cable
B. flexible cable
C. armored cable
D. full metal cable
_____82. What is referred as the entire course an electric current travels, from the source of power, through an
electrical device, and back to the source?
A. wiring
B. grounding
C. interference
D. circuit
_____83. Which of the following materials is a good conductor and most commonly used for electrical wires?
A. aluminum
B. copper
C. nickel
D. zinc
_____84. Which of the following types of wiring includes several light fixtures or receptacles that operate on the same
circuit with the hot and neutral wires running together from one housing box to another and wires to individual devices
branch off from them?
A. continuous wiring
B. series wiring
C. neutral wiring
D. parallel wiring
_____85. What is an automatically operated electrical switch designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage
caused by overload or short circuit and Its basic function is to detect a fault condition and interrupt current flow?
A. fuse
B. circuit breaker
C. transformer
D. capacitor
_____86. What do you call a safety device designed to stop an elevator car automatically before the car’s speed
becomes excessive?
A. governor
B. break
C. buffers
D. final limit switches
_____87. What do you call a safety device usually placed in the elevator pit and the main purpose is not to stop a falling
car but to bring it to a partially cushioned stop if it would over travel the lower terminal?
A. governor
B. break
C. buffers
_____88. Which escalator arrangement is simpler to visualize and also more common and requires floor space around
escalators, which is used in stores to display special sale merchandise?
A. diagonal
B. horizontal
C. parallel
D. crisscross
_____89. What do you call the equipment, which is also known as ejection lift because of the method of delivery, and
this device is ideally suited for delivery of food carts, linens, dishes and bulk-liquid containers?
A. inclined elevator
B. automated dumbwaiter
C. horizontal conveyor
D. pneumatic tube
_____90. What is a vertical shaft for the travel of one or more elevator which includes the pit and terminates at the
underside of the overhang machinery space floor for electric elevators, or at the underside of the roof over the hoistway
of a hydraulic elevator?
A. hoistway
B. machine room
C. counter weight
D. elevator car
_____91. What is normally located near the base of the hoistway containing hydraulic pump unit and electronic controls
of hydraulic type elevators?
A. cable wires
B. electrical room
C. machine room
D. mechanical room
_____92. Which of the following escalator components is a welded steel frame that supports the entire apparatus and
the tracks are steel angles attached to this component, which the step rollers are guided, thus controlling the motion of
the steps?
A. handrail
B. control cabinet
C. balustrade
D. truss
_____93. Which of the following conveying systems uses a flattened pallet in place of a step where the drive
mechanism, safeties, brake, handrails, and so on—the unit is similar to an escalator?
A. moving walk
B. conveyor
C. dumbwaiter
D. lift
_____94. Which of the following structural fire protection in buildings includes manual and automatic detection and
suppression of fires, like using and installing a fire sprinkler system or finding the fire alarm and/or extinguishing it?
A. passive fire protection
B. mechanical fire protection
C. manual fire protection
D. Active fire protection
_____95. What is a key selection criterion for elevators that is considered as the average time spent by passengers from
the moment they arrive in the lobby to the moment they leave the car at an upper floor?
A. average trip time
B. handling capacity
C. velocity
D. waiting time
_____96. Which of the given HVAC systems is in one place that distributes the equipment’s function to a specific floor or
zone?
A. local system
B. specialized system
C. centralized system
D. all-in system
_____97. Which of the following HVAC systems has the disadvantages of demanding maintenance, many potential
threats to the occupied spaces and regular cleaning to maintain air quality?
A. local system
D. all-in system
_____98. Which HVAC system type eliminates the distribution trees of air and water, relying instead on heat/cooling
device adjacent to or within the space to be served?
A. all water
B. air and water
C. all air
D. direct refrigerant
_____99. Which of the following HVAC equipment carries air to and from conditioned space and contains dampers to
direct and modulate air flow?
A. air grille
B. duct
C. fan
D. heat exchanger
_____100. Which of the following HVAC equipment includes condensers and evaporators in refrigeration equipment,
water and steam coils in
air handlers?
A. air grille
B. duct
C. fan
D. heat exchanger
_____101. Which of the following HVAC design process considers the most general combinations of comfort needs and
climate characteristics?
A. preliminary design phase
B. design development phase
C. design finalizing
D. evaluation
_____102. Which of the following HVAC design process applies one of the design alternatives which has probably been
chosen as the most promising combination of aesthetic, social and technical solutions for the program?
D. evaluation
_____103.What is considered the critical decision in sizing the heating equipment?

A. equipment capacity
B. specification
C. location
D. design temperature
_____104. Which of the given HVAC components are valves that allow some or all of the airflow through a duct to be cut
off that can be manually operated by building occupants, or automatically operated by centralized control systems?
A. plenums
B. dampers
C. fan coils
D. ducts
_____105. What is referred as gases at normal temperatures and pressures, and must be compressed and liquefied to
be of service later as heat absorbers in HVAC systems?
A. refrigerants
B. oxygen
C. ventilators
D. all of the above
______ 106. What is considered as the perpetuation of reflected sound within a space after the source has ceased?
A. echo C. diffusion
B. reverberation D. diffraction
______ 107. Which of the following is a source of airborne sound?

A. conversation C. music
B. outdoor noise D. all of the above
______ 108. What do you call the sound travelling through solid building components such as floors, walls and
ductwork?
A. structure-borne C. air-borne
B. surface-borne D. vibration
______ 109. What do you call the science of sound?

A. music C. audibility
B. acoustics D. sound phenomena
______ 110. What is the science of controlling sound within buildings?

A. structural acoustics C. architectural acoustics
B. physical acoustics D. spatial acoustics
______111. What is an active or passive means of reducing sound emissions, often incentivized by personal comfort,
environmental considerations or legal compliance?
A. noise control C. sound control
B. noise absorption D. sound absorption
______ 112. Which of the following prevents transmission of vibration energy from a source to a receiver by introducing
a flexible element or a physical break?
A. sound absorption C. vibration damping
B. sound insulation D. vibration isolation
______ 113. What do you call an integer rating of how well a building partition attenuates airborne sound?
A. sound absorption class C. noise reduction coefficient
B. sound transmission class D. sound reduction coefficient
______ 114. Which of the following is a set of strategies to reduce noise pollution?
A. noise mitigation C. noise blocking
B. sound masking D. sound control
63. The minimum diameter for a wet standpipe is ________ for those less than 15 meters form the fire service
connection.
a.50mm b. 51mm c. 52mm d. 53mm
64. The minimum diameter for a wet standpipe more than 15 meters from the fire service connection is
65. How it works: a piping network directly connected to the main water line, connects to all levels of a building;
additionally, a Siamese Connection is located outside the building for additional water supply
66. Spacing of sprinkler heads for light hazard occupancy.
a.10 sqm b. 15sqm c. 20 sqm d. 25 sqm
67. Spacing of sprinkler heads for extra hazard occupancy.
a.10 sqm b. 15 sqm c. 20 sqm d. 25 sqm
68. Type of sprinkler head that is used when there is no ceiling and piping is exposed.
69. Type of sprinkler head that projects through a finished ceiling.
70. An active fire protection measure where a glass bulb type head will spray water into the room if sufficient heat
reaches the bulb and causes it to shatter.
a.Dry stand pipe b. wet standpipe c. sprinkler system
______ 115. Which acoustic material is much less dense than masonry and provides much less in the way of sound
isolation for that reason?
A. concrete C. wood
B. drywall and plaster D. stone and brick
______ 116. Which of the following conductor will make the sound travel fastest?
A. air C. steel
B. wood D. foam
______ 117. What do you call the distance between similar points on successive waves or distance of the sound in one
cycle of vibration that is in 1/second?
A. amplitude C. magnitude
B. wavelength D. pressure
______ 118. What is the maximum distance between top and bottom curve of the sound wave and characterize the
sound loudness?
______ 119. What is variously defined as unwanted sound, sound with no intelligible content and/ or broadband sound,
depending upon the listener and the situation?
A. speech C. noise
B. music D. vibration
______ 120. Which of the following is composed of phonemes, which are individual and distinct sounds that, to an
extent, vary from language to language?
A. speech C. noise
_____121. The candela is the unit of luminous intensity. Its abbreviation is ________.
a. cp c. pc
b. dc d. cd
_____122. The amount of luminous energy (flux) emanating from one square foot (meter) of surface on the sphere is
one lumen.
a. lm c. fl
b. ml d. fc
_____123. The _____ is the unit of light quantity and in terms of power is equal to 0.0015 lm.
a. reflectance c. candle power
b. lumen d. flux
_____124. ________ is the degree to which light is shadowless and is a function of the number of directions from which
light impinges on a particular point and the relative intensities.
a. Transparency c. Opaqueness
b. Transmission d. Diffusion
_____125.________ is a form of energy which permits us to see.
a. Acoustics c. Light
b. Sound d. Wave
_____126._______ is an uncomfortable brightness ratios where background luminance exceeds object luminance.
a. Shadow c. Reflection
b. Stare d. Glare
_____127._______ are the largest and best known primary and secondary brightness sources respectively.
a. The sun and the moon c. Incandescent and fluorescent
b. The spotlight and the floodlight d. The fire and the candle
_____128.The simplest and most effective technique to solve reflected glare is to arrange ______ so as to avoid the
possibility of reflection.
a. the shape of the system c. the geometry of the system
b. the system of the geometry d. the reflection of the glare
_____129. A _______ is the conventional unit of luminance or brightness.
a. foot candle c. foot lambert
b. foot power d. luminance
_____130. Reflecting surfaces that derive their brightness form incident illumination are known as ____.
a. Primary Source c. Secondary Source
b. Luminance Ratio d. Chromacity
1. This kind of pump attached to the end of a deep well pipe enclosed in a casing where the pump
is capable of functioning submerged
a. underground pump b. reversible pump c. submarine pump d. submersible pump
2. A tank using air pressure from a suction tank to distribute water from tall buildings which cannot
be reached by normal pressure
a. pneumatic tank b. air pressure c. force pump d. power pump
3. A kind of GI fitting that has one end external threads, while the other end has internal threads
a. Interchangeable tee b. close-open elbow c. two-way fitting d. street elbow or tee
4. The white tape used around the thread before tightening the fittings when a GI pipe is threaded
to ensure no leakage
a. Teflon b. plastic c. PVC d. sealer
5. _________ describes the reflection of sound along curved surface from a source near the
surface. Although the sounds can be heard at points along the surface, it is inaudible way from
the surface.
a. steep b. bleep c. creep d. keep
6. What method is used to specify the maximum allowable intensity of background sounds?
a. noise criteria b. noise insulation class c. noise reduction d. inverse square law
7. What is one variable affecting reverberation time?
a. sound intensity b. room volume c. noise reduction coefficient d. phon
8. In an office, a copy machine is found to produce 65 dB. If a computer printer is added to the
room and it produces a sound intensity of 69 dB, what will be the resulting sound level?
a. 70 dB b. 71 dB c. 72 dB d. 73 dB
9. A system of sprinklers with its pipe constantly filling both mains and distribution pipes
a. water-filled system b. liquid enhanced system c. wet pipe system d. soaking system
10. An inlet placed outside the building close to ground level, having two openings so that the fire
engines can pump water to the dry standpipes and sprinkler system of the building
a. double header b. dual entrance c. Siamese twin d. two wyes system
11. A fitting or device so constructed as to prevent the passage of air, gas and materially affecting
the flow of sewage or wastewater through it
a. trap b. closer c. water plug d. clogger
12. A pit or receptacle at a low point to which the liquid wastes are drained
a. basement pit b. house drain c. low point pit d. house trap
13. In calculating solar heat gain, what value must you have in addition to the area of the glass?
a. sensible heat b. design cooling load factor c. effective temperature
d. mean radiant temperature
14. A geared traction elevator would be most appropriate for which of the following applications?
I. A five-storey medical office building II. A sixteen-storey office building
III. A four-storey department store IV. An eight-storey apartment
a. I, III, and IV b. II, III, and IV c. I, II, and III d. I, II, III, and IV
15. It is a part of a piping system other than the main, riser or stack
a. branch b. catch basin c. circuit vent d. branch vent
16. It is the most popular and generally specified pipe for drainage installation
a. Cast iron pipe b. Asbestos Pipe c. Lead Pipes d. Clay Pipes
17. It is the device designed to prevent backflow of gases into the fixture
a. vent b. trap . grease trap d. gate valve
18. In the plumbing system, it refers to the resistance producers by the flowing of water inside the
pipe.
a. pressure b. water main c. friction d. backflow
19. A valve use mainly to completely close or completely open the line but not necessarily to control
the flow of water
a. gate valve b. check valve c. angle valve d. globe valve
20. One of the oldest plumbing materials used by Egyptians, Greeks and Romans
a. lead pipe b. vitrified clay pipe c. PVC pipes d. asbestos pipe
21. A valve used on pipe lines to prevent backflow of water
a. gate valve b. check valve c. angle valve d. globe valve
22. That portion of the plumbing system that receives discharges of all soil and waste stacks
a. house drain b. floor drain c. drainage d. none of the above
23. Part of the plumbing system which maintains the atmospheric pressure inside the pipe
a. trap b. vent c. siphonage d. branch
24. It is the available commercial length for rigid type pipes
a. 12 m b. 150 m c. 6 m d. 10 m
25. A vertical supply pipe which extends upward from one floor to the next is called
a. Water main b. pressure c. house service d. riser
26. It is a receptacle or vault used to collect discharge from the house sewer
a. Cesspool b. privy c. sewer line d. septic tank
27. This refers to the maximum water discharge for plumbing fixtures in terms of fixture units
a. Peak load b. maximum demand c. pressure d. pipe size
28. It is a pipe which receives discharge of any fixture except water closets and conveys it to the soil
pipe
a. Waste Pipe b. soil branch c. soil pipe d. sewer line
29. A general term for any vertical line of soil, waste and vent pipe
a. Branch b. stack c. house drain d. vent pipe
30. A pipe installed horizontally or vertically which receives the discharge of water closets
a. waste pipe b. soil branch c. soil pipe d. sewer line
31. That portion of the vent pipe through which liquid waste flow
a. Waste pipe b. wet vent c. dry vent d. individual vent
32. A vent used where two or more fixture traps are installed on a horizontal or waste branch
a. looped vent b. circuit vent c. common vent d. yoke vent
33. How many fixture unit values does one bathroom group has?
a. 3 b. 5 c. 8 d. 6
34. What is the fixture unit value of water closet?
a. 3 b. 5 c. 8 d. 6
35. At seal loss which is caused by a suspension of foreign object as string extended over the outlet
a. mini pressure b. evaporation c. capillary action d. trap
36. A trap used for fixtures suspended from walls not receiving large amount of water discharge
a. trap b. grease trap c. seal d. P-trap
37. A pipe fitting which is used to join two pipes
a. coupling b. union c. tee d. wye
38. Portion of the horizontal drainage system which starts from the outer face of the building and
terminate at the main sewer in the street or the septic tank
a. waste pipe b. house drain c. house sewer d. sewer line
39. Also known as dual or common vent
a. Loop vent b. unit vent c. back vent d. waste vent
40. Based on the Plumbing Code, no vent shall be less than 38 mm except for 32 mm ____
a. soil pipe b. waste pipe c. waste pipe d. main vent
41. It connects roof terminals to the storm drain
a. gutter b. rood leader c. catch basin d. drain
42. A pipe which is considered as the most expensive of all types of pipe
a. copper b. lead c. brass d. PVC
43. It serves as clean-out and an access for inspection and repair in the storm sewer
a. manhole b. storm drain c. culvert d. vault cover
44. A type of house drain that receives discharges of sanitary waste as well as storm water
a. house drain b. sewer drain c. combined drain d. none of the above
45. A device designed to convey wastes from garage, wash rack, grease pit and repair floors into the
house drain
a. garage catch basin b. catch basin c. drainage d. none of the above
46. An acoustical analogy to the regular or specular reflection of light where the angle of incidence
of an impinging sound wave equals the angle of direction
a. laser diagram b. ray diagram c. acoustical diagram d. none of the above
47. Distribute sounds to a larger or more distant audience
a. Sound attenuating system b. Sound reinforcing system c. Sound distribution system
48. Is the combination of microphones, signal processors, amplifiers, and loudspeakers that makes
live or pre-recorded sounds louder Ray diagram
a. Sound attenuating system b. Sound reinforcing system c. Sound distribution system
49. Boost a low-voltage level signal and provide electrical power to drive a loudspeaker
a. electrical power b. power speaker c. power amplifiers d. None of the above
50. This system provides maximum realism, as the listener will hear amplified sound from the
direction of the natural sound
a. Central Loudspeaker System b. Loudspeaker System c. Central paging system
51. Is the return of a sound wave from a surface
a. reflection b. diffusion c. refraction d. none of the above
52. Is the scattering or random distribution of a sound wave from a surface
a. reflection b. diffusion c. refraction d. none of the above
53. Is the bending or “flowing” of a sound wave around an object
a. diffraction b. diffusion c. refraction d. none of the above
54. Resonate at certain audible frequencies; this is called the ________ effect
a. Larsen effect b. Bathroom tenor c. Side effect d. none of the above
55. A sound with a lower frequency wave generates a ________ pitch
a. lower b. higher c. lower-higher d. none of the above
56. Refers to sound that is absorbed, and not transmitted
a. Total Sound Absorption b. Sound Absorption c. Sound Transmission d. None of the above
57. The persistence of sound in a particular space after the original sound is produced
a. Refraction b. Reverberation c. Reflection d. none of the above
58. Tubing that contains individual insulated wires
a. Armored cable b. Conduit c. Metallic Tubing d. none of the above
59. Wire that carry current from the appliance back to the source
a. Positive wire b. Neutral wire c. Green wire d. none of the above
60. A flexible metal sheath with individual wires inside
a. Armored cable b. conduit c. metallic Tubing d. none of the above
61. Electricity flow through the circuit and back to its source rapidly
a. Circuit b. Open Circuit c. Short Circuit d. none of the above
62. Electrical conductors which are 89 sq. m (AWG #6) or smaller in size
a. Conductors b. Wires c. Cables d. none of the above
63. Are used to ground all metal boxes and appliances
a. Positive wire b. Neutral wire c. Green wire d. none of the above
64. Box with a blank cover where conductors most join
a. Junction box b. Pull box c. Outlet box d. none of the above
65. Box with a blank cover inserted to one or more raceways to facilitate pulling of the conductors
a. Junction box b. Pull box c. Outlet box d. none of the above
66. An enclosure designed for surface mounting and having swinging doors or covers secured
directly to and telescoping with the walls of the box proper
a. Cut-out box b. Panel box c. Direct box d. none of the above
67. The methods and means of governing the performance of an electric apparatus, equipment,
fixtures, machine or system
a. Cut-out box b. Control Panel box c. Direct box d. none of the above
68. A conductor encased within material of composition and thickness that is recognized by this
Code as electrical insulation
a. Cut-out box b. Insulated c. Wire d. none of the above
69. A measure of the rate of flow of electricity
a. Amperes b. Volts c. Watts d. none of the above
70. A measure of electric pressure
71. A special switch which is an essential part of a standby power arrangement, basically a double
throw
a. Remote control switch b. Time controlled switch c. Automatic transfer switch
72. A measure of the amount of energy or work that can be done
73. A form of air switch in which hinged copper blade is placed between two clips
a. Knife switch b. Single Air switch Air switch d. none of the above
74. An assembly of module conductors used to carry large amount of current (power). Instead of
using several parallel or single large conductor, a bar assembly is adapted
a. Busway b. Busbar c. Raceway d. none of the above
75. The most common conductor used in different types of house wires and cables. Its frequent use
is due to its good electrical conductivity, low resistance, and mechanical strength
a. Copper b. Iron c. Aluminum d. none of the above
76. A switch in which the interruption of a circuit occurs in air
a. Knife switch b. Single air switch c. Air switch d. none of the above
77. Tubing that contains individual insulated wires
a. Armored cable b. Conduit c. Metallic Tubing d. none of the above
78. A point in the wiring system at which current is taken to supply utilization equipment, any point
that supplies an electric load
a. Switch b. Outlet c. Panel d. none of the above
79. Ratio between the true power and the apparent power of a load in an AC circuit
a. Power Factor b. Power c. Energy d. none of the above
FOR MORE BU REVIEWERS:
https://www.dropbox.com/s/951v8n3mqmvh58c/B
U%20EXIT%20EXAM%20Reviewer.pdf?dl=0
Building utilities 1
1. Type of waste being discharged by water closet
a. Hazardous waste
*b. Solid Waste
c. Liquid waste
d. Gaseous Waste
2. Type of waste coming from various fixtures other than water closet.
a. Hazardous waste
b. Solid Waste
*c. Liquid waste
d. Gaseous Waste
3. Refers to an installation that receive and conveys discharges from water closet with or without
waste coming from other fixtures
*a. Drainage pipe
b. Vent Pipe
c. Waste Pipe
d. House drain
4. Any pipe in drainage installation that receives the discharges of any fixture except water closet.
a. Drainage pipe
b. Vent Pipe
*c. Waste Pipe
d. House drain
5. In plumbing system, it functions as air passage or conduit to ventilate the drainage and waste
pipe installation.
a. Drainage pipe
*b. Vent Pipe
c. Waste Pipe
d. House drain
6. Below are major component parts of the drainage installation of a plumbing system, except:
a. Vent
b. Drainage
c. Waste
*d. Sewage
7. Any pipe that receives and conveys discharges of water closet, with or without the discharge
coming from other fixtures to the house drain or house sewer.
a. Stand pipe
b. Vent Pipe
c. Waste Pipe
*d. Soil pipe
8. The unobstructed vertical distance through the free atmosphere between the lowest opening
from any pipe or faucet supplying water to a tank, plumbing fixture or other device and flood
level rim of the receptacle.
a. Back flow
b. Developed length
*c. Air gap
d. Effective opening
9. A vertical pipe installed primarily for the purpose of providing circulation of air to different parts
of the drainage system
a.Stack vent
b. Main Vent
c. Branch vent
*d. Vent stack
10. Principal artery of the venting system to which vent branches may be connected
a.Stack vent
*b. Main Vent
c. Branch vent
d. Vent stack
*a.Stack vent
b. Main Vent
c. Branch vent
d. Vent stack
12. The recommended slope for house drain.
a. 1%
b. 3%
*c. 2%
d. 4%
13. Is a fitting or device designed to provide a liquid seal that will prevent the back passage of air
without materially affecting the flow of sewage through it?
a. Riser
*b. Trap
c. Clean out
d. Branch
14. A soil pipe installed vertically
*a.Soil stack
b. Soil vent
c. Soil branch
d. Soil drain
15. It connects the roof terminal to the storm drain, commonly known as conductor or downspout
*a. Roof leader
b. Storm Drain
c. Gutter
d. Long sweep
16. A hole in the ground with stones and bricks laid in such a manner as to allow raw contaminated
sewage to leach into the undersurface of the ground
a. Privy
b. Septic tank
*c. Cesspool
17. A receptacle or vault used to collect organic waste discharge from the house sewer
a. Privy
*b. Septic tank
c. Cesspool
18. Heaviest type of copper pipe used for underground installations
a. J
*b. K
c. L
d. M
19. Least efficient, noisiest, less expensive type of water closet
a. Reverse trap
b. Siphon Vortex
c. Direct flush valve
*d. Washdown
20. A type of water distribution system where water is distributed from normal water pressure
coming from public water main for use in low rise buildings
a. Downfeed system
*b. Upfeed system
c. Pneumatic tank
d. Water pump
PLUMBING AND SANITARY FINAL EXAMINATION
b. The outlet should be higher than the inlet
c. Both inlet and outlet should be at the same elevation specifically at the upper
section of the trap
piping material?
d. Polyehtylene
3. When designing a septic tank, which of the following practices is not acceptable
in so far as standard trade practice and code requirement is concerned?
d. All of these
a. Plastic pipe
c. Concrete pipe
d. Cast iron pipe
health officials is the spread of disease caused by bacteria found in sewage.
What type bacteria are present in feces excreted by man and animals?
b. Salmonella
1
7. Which type of pump is commonly used to convey or remove storm or
underground water from a pit? The unit is submerged under the water with the
discharged connected above it and into the drain located at the street level.
a. Ejector pump
b. Turbine pump
c. Submersible pump
d. Jet pump
8. What kind of plastic fitting can be used to connect galvanized iron pipe to a
plastic pipe directly without the use of a coupling?
a. Union
b. Female adaptor
c. Male adaptor
d. Bushing
chamber?
a. 1 cu.m.
b. 2 cu.m.
c. 3 cu.m.
d. 4 cu.m.
a. Series 400
b. Series 600
c. Series 800
d. Series 1000
a. Cross linked
b. Extra
c. Alkoxy component
consultants. Which of the following sizes is not commercially available, hence,
pipes of this size are commonly substituted with a larger one?
a. ½ in.
b. ¾ in.
c. 1 ½ in.
d. 1 3/4 in.
2
13. Which among the following classes of galvanized pipes has the thickest wall
section?
a. Schedule 80
b. Schedule 60
c. Schedule 40
d. Schedule 10
of fixtures?
a. 4 urinals
c. 1 shower
a. Backpressure
c. Cross connection
d. All of these
a. Floor drain
b. Bidet
c. Water closet
d. All of these
plumbing?
d. None of these
a. Ball valve
b. Gate valve
c. Angle valve
d. Butterfly valve
pipe?
a. Screwed joint
b. Flared joint
d. Caulked joint
3
20. A cleanout is a fitting with a removable plate or plug placed along the drainage
line in order to allow access to its interior for cleaning and de-clogging. Which
type of cleanout is recommended for open-ceiling areas such as basement
parking?
a. Floor cleanout
b. Wall cleanout
c. Ceiling cleanout
d. Roof cleanout
a. Street tee
b. 90 degrees bend
c. Sanitary tee
d. Crow foot
b. length of pipe
d. all of these
system?
d. All of these
24. To provide ample amount of water to residences or any other establishment,
water of sufficient pressure must be provided by water utility company. What is
the recommended pressure range should utility company provide in order to
meet such requirement?
a. 15-29 psi
b. 30-45 psi
c. 46-60 psi
d. 61-80 psi
25. A pop-up waste is a device or a mechanism that can be operated in order to
prevent water from being drained when using the fixture. In what type of
plumbing fixture can a pop-up waste be installed?
a. Water closet
b. Urinal
c. Lavatory
d. Floor drain
4
26. A standard contraption provided by manufacturers in a faucet is the installation of
a sieve-like material at the orifice or outlet of a faucet. This device provides
smoother flow of water. What is this faucet contraption?
a. Nozzle screen
b. Filter screen
c. Aerator
d. Diverter
d. Constructed of non-absorbentmaterial
d. All of these
a. 10 mm
b. 13 mm
c. 19 mm
d. 25 mm
30. Plumbing fixtures are rated according to the amount of waste water it can
discharge per nuit time. What term is it referred to?
a. Plumbing unit
b. Flow rate
c. Fixture unit
d. Flow pressure
31. Which of the following terms denote gooseneck?
a. ½ S-trap
b. Bag trap
c. Full S trap
d. Drum trap
a. Water closet
b. Urinal
c. Lavatory
5
a. Backpressure
b. Evaporation
c. Capillary action
d. Leak
b. Cesspool
c. Septic tank
35. What is the recommended minimum size of water service pipe of a domestic
(house) structure?
a. 13 mm
b. 19mm
c. 25 mm
d. 32 mm
a. Manhole
b. Inlet and outlet
c. Airspace
d. All of these
and other appurtenances for bringing in water supply and removing wastes or
waterborne wastes. What is it?
a. Sanitary system
c. Plumbing
39. Which in the list is not a type of rigid plastic pipe?
b. Styrene rubber
c. Polybutylene
40. A stack is appropriately applicable to a vertical line of ____________.
a. Vent
6
b. Waste
c. Soil
d. All of these
a. Riser
b. Waste stack
c. Scum and sludge
a. Fixture drain
b. House drain
43. A yoke is a type of ventilation used as an inter-connection betweenwhat sections
or portions of plumbing system?
44. A water main is generally and appropriately installed.
b. Under the house
45. In water treatment method, the process of removing some suspended matter
from water by simply allowing time and inactivity to settle heavier suspended
material. What is it?
a. Sedimentation
b. Filtration
c. Reverse osmosis
d. Aeration
a. Storm water
b. Black water
c. Grey water
d. Hard water
a. Individual vent
7
b. Circuit vent
c. Unit vent
d. Looped vent
48. In water supply system, what is the average daily consumption per capita of
water in residential or family dwelling unit? This value is used as a basis for
estimating water demand to obtain capacity of tank and its dimenstions.
b. Outside diameter
c. Wall thickness
distinguishes uPVC (unplasticized polyvinyl chloride) sanitary pipe from a CPVC
a. Wall thickness
b. Size
c. Color
d. Length
51. When servicing the water supply system of a group of fixtures it is necessary that
a valve had been installed before so that this valve can be turned off thereby
isolating this portion of the system from the rest without affecting the entire
system. What kind of valve is usually used as an isolation valve?
a. Stop and waste valve
b. Foot valve
c. Float valve
d. Gate valve
52. Arrange size of sanitary drainages pipes from smallest to largest. This system of
pipe arrangement is observed as a method of establishing which pie should be
the smallest and the largest relative to flow of sewage.
b. Horizontal branch, house drain, stack and fixture drain
8
toilet?
a. 32 mm diameter
b. 38mm diameter
c. 50mm diameter
d. 75mm diameter
55. In a cast iron or plastic sanitary drainage pipe, which part of such pipe receive
the end of another pipe?
a. Fitting
b. Spigot
c. Sleeve
d. Hub or bell
installation it is colored milky white and can be joined by heat fusion process.
What is this kind of pipe?
c. Polybutylene pipe
water hammering?
a. Check valve
c. Air cap chamber
d. Backwater preventor assembly
58. In medium to high rise buildings, a continuous recess on the wall or opening on
the floor through which vertical pipes and stacks to different floors of a building.
What do you call this opening?
a. Plumbing wall
b. Sleeve
c. Pipe chase
d. Pipe staff
9
59. It is a kind of valve used on water supply system that prevents reverse flow of
water inside it; a kind of backflow preventer. What is it?
a. Backwater valve
c. Vacuum breaker
d. Check valve
60. A type of water closet flushing design system characterized by its whirlpool-like
flushing action of water typically from a low-strung tank; tank has an all-water
surface inside the bowl and has a virtually silent flushing action; Model is
expensive.
a. Wahsdown
b. Siphon jet
c. Siphon vortex
d. Reverse trap
61. What type of water distribution system relies on air pressure as a means of
bringing water vertically upward through risers and horizontally through
branches; a pressure tank is provided and a water pump is installed directly on
top of the pressure tank?
a. Downfeed system
c. Upfeed system
62. What type of ventilation system is used to provide air circulation and prevents
backpressure or siphonage within the drainage system? It is characterized as
having pipes and fittings (usually wye branch, 1/8 bend and inverted wye)
connected between the soil of or waste stack and vent stack at every five branch
intervals.
b. Stack vent
c. Yoke vent
d. Branch vent
a. Reverse osmosis
b. Filtration
c. Desalination
d. Chlorination
b. Number of downspouts
10
c. Rate of rainfall
a. Series 1000
b. Series 800
c. Series 600
d. Series 400
66. In a typical two-chambered septic tank (digestive and leaching chamber), what is
a. 0.60 m.
b. 0.90 m.
c. 1.20 m.
d. 1.50 m.
semi-solid sewage that contain organic and biological materials or substance in a
septic tank?
a. Influent
b. Septage
c. Excreta
d. Effluent
result to backflow.
a. Siphonage
b. Cross connection
c. Capillary action
d. Backpressure
provided in every unit.
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
a. Spigot
b. Bell
c. Body
d. Flange
11
71. A vertical pipe that collects sewage from fixtures such as water closet, urinal,
wash basin, floor drain, etc. via horizontal branches.
a. Vent stack
b. Branch pipe
d. Branch interval
72. In a typical bathroom group, the term used to refer to a bathroom containing a
a. Quarter bath
b. Half bath
d. Full bath
system.
a. Valve
b. Appurtenance
c. Fixture
d. Fitting
a. Vent pipe
b. Waste pipe
c. Soil stack
d. Stack
deposition of excrement, such structure usually has a vault underneath in order
to collect waste matter directly from the user. This type of sewage disposal
system is considered insanitary.
a. Septic tank
b. Privy
c. Drainage pit
d. Privy vault
76. The abbreviation DWV stands for __________; a common term used in plumbing.
12
77. A term which refers to a means of access to the interior of sanitary or waste lines
for the purpose of de-clogging, cleaning or inspection; also referred to as access
eye or cleaning eye. What is it?
a. Plug
b. Water seal
c. Trap seal
d. Pipe seal
78. A water treatment process where some suspended matter from water is removed
by simply allowing time and inactivity thereby causing heavier suspended
particles to settle at the bottom of vessel or tank. What is this water treatment
process?
a. Coagulation
b. Aeration
c. Filtration
d. Sedimentation
79. A water supply pipe, 200m diameter or larger and embedded underground at
street side, provided by water utility company where local individual connections
are done. Tapping at this junction is within the jurisdiction of the utility company
hence, application for connection should be coursed through such agency.
c. Water main
80. That part of the drainage system that extends from the end of the building drain
and conveys its discharge to the public sewer, private sewer, individual sewage
disposal system, or other appropriate point of disposal.
a. Building sewer
81. A valve in which the flow of liquid is controlled by a rotating drilled bal that fits
tightly against a resilient (flexible) seat in the valve body.
a. Angle valve
b. Check valve
c. Float valve
d. Ball valve
fixtures which discharge into a common horizontal waster or soil branch.
a. Fixture gang
b. Battery fixtures
13
d. Fixture group
83. A vertical length of soil or waste stack at least eight feet in height (a storey
height), within which the horizontal branches from one storey or floor of the
building or structure are connected to the stack.
a. Fixture branch
b. Branch drain
c. Branch interval
connection to an adjacent vent stack at a point above the floor and higher than
the highest spill level of fixtures for preventing pressure changes in the stack.
a. Yoke vent
b. Circuit vent
c. Looped vent
d. Individual vent
85. What is the code prescribed slope of horizontal sanitary drainage pipes? Such
slope requirement is critical as it allow the smooth flow of liquid inside the pipe.
a. 1/8 in. per ft. (1%)
b. 1/4 in. per ft. (2%)
c. 1/2 in. per ft. (4%)
d. 1 in. per ft. (8%)
86. A kind of return bend of small-sized faucet, one end of which is about one foot
long and the other end is about three inches, commonly used as a faucet for
pantry sink and drinking fountain; also the lead connection between the water
service pipe and water main and also a word synonymous P-trap.
a. Spigot
b. Faucet
c. Tailpiece
d. Gooseneck
87. Trap seal may be lost in any of the following manner except:
a. Evaporation
b. Leak
c. Capillary action
d. Sedimentation
88. In a typical septic tank, what is its minimum number of chambers as required by
the code and health authority?
14
89. In sanitary system, a term which refers to the semi-liquid organic matter that
settles at the bottom of the septic tank; it consists of decomposed matter
resulting from anaerobic bacterial action.
a. Scum
b. Effluent
c. Sludge
d. Influent
91. In hydrology, it is a water bearing stratum of ground where water is accumulated
by percolation and absorption of water though a layer of permeable soil stratum.
a. Aquifer
b. Aqueduct
92. What is the minimum code requirement regarding from sewage from lavatory,
floor drains, sinks and fixtures having similar function?
a. 3.0 m.
b. 15.2 m.
c. 30.5 m.
d. 2.4 m.
93. A system of pies that collect discharge from sewage from lavatory, from floor
drains, sinks and fixtures having similar function.
maintain balanced atmospheric pressure within the system, thereby preventing
trap seal loss, backpressure, siphonage, backflow, retardation of flow and
ultimately material deterioration.
b. Ventilation system
15
solids from fluid by interposing a medium to flow fluid through which fluid can
pass but solids retained.
a. Absorption
b. Desalination
c. Sedimentation
d. Filtration
96. A kind of check valve used at the end of the suction line of a pump. It is designed
to prevent water from flowing back into the tank and causing priming problems.
a. Foot valve
b. Gate valve
c. Butterfly valve
d. Angle valve
97. A source of water which can be made by excavating, digging, boring or drilling
into ground for the purpose of obtaining water. Water obtained from this source is
accumulated in aquifers resulting from percolation and absorption though ground.
a. Well
b. River, stream, or lake
c. Precipitate
d. Surface run-off
98. A kind of sewer system where both sanitary waste and storm water are drained
into.
a. Sanitary sewer
b. Waste sewer
c. Storm sewer
99. What do you call a device used in fixtures for flushing? This device discharges a
pre-determined quantity of water to a fixture for flushing purposes nad is
a. Foot valve
c. Cleanout
d. Handhole
100. An opening in a piep used for the purpose of cleaning its interior, also for
inspection and declogging or removing debris inside pipe runs and stacks; it is
fitted with a removal plu or cap and usuallyplaced on slab or underneath slab.
a. Manhole
b. Appurtenance
c. Cleanout
16
d. Handhole
101. A general term which refers to the process of removing contaminants from
raw water. It involves several processes that is intended to render raw water
potable and safe for consumption.
a. Water purification
b. Water filtration
c. Water softening
d. Water desalination
102. Which of the following is a violation or in contrast with the basic plumbing
principles?
a. Plumbing system shall be maintained in a sanitary and serviceable condition
b. Water closet may be located in unlighted or unventilated room
c. Plumbing fixtures shall be designed and adjusted to use minimum amount of
water for flushing
d. All premises intended for human habitation shall be provided with ample and
wholesome amount of water.
103. The following are components of a basic plumbing system except:
a. Fixtures
b. Valves
c. Utility boxes
d. Fittings
104. A cylindrical conduit or conductor, the wall thickness is sufficient to receive
a standard pipe.
a. Conduit
b. Pipe
c. Fitting
d. Valve
105. Awaterlight receptacle which the discharge of sanitary plumbing system or
part thereof, designed and constructed to retain solids, digest organic matter
through a period of detention and to allow the liquids to discharge into the soil
outside of the tank through a system of open joint subsurface piping or a
seepage pit.
a. Seepage pit
b. Cesspool
c. Septic tank
d. Privy vault
106. A loosely lined excavation in the ground, which receives the discharge of a
septic tank and designed to permit the effluent from the septic tank to seep
through the bottom and sides of the pit:
a. Privy
17
b. Drain pit
c. Septic tank
d. Cesspool
107. A common measure of the probable discharge into the drainage system
by various types of plumbing fixtures on the basis of one unit of this being equal
to a discharge rate of 7.5 gals pre minute or one cubic foot of water per minute.
a. Flow rate
b. Drainage fixture unit
c. Flow pressure
d. Drainage flow
108. The installation of parts of the plumbing system which can be completed
prior to installation of fixtures or finishing. This includes drainage, water supply
and vent piping and necessary fixture supports.
a. Roughing-in
b. Mock-up installation
c. Pre-installation
d. Setting
109. A water supply pipe that extends vertically on full storey or more to convey
water to fixture branches or group of fixtures.
a. Up-pipe
b. Riser
c. Stack pipe
d. Water stack pipe
110. Which of the following devices, methods or contraption can prevent
backflow in bath water supply and drainage system?
a. Check valve
b. Backflow preventor
c. Air break
d. All of these
111. A fitting or device designed and constructed to provide, when properly
vented, a liquid seal which prevents backflow and passage of foul air and gasses
without materially affecting the flow of sewerage or waste water through it.
a. Trap
b. Fitting
c. Pipe
d. Valve
112. A suction created by the flow of liquids in pipes; a pressure less than the
atmospheric pressure.
a. Backflow
b. Backpressure
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c. Siphonage
d. Flow pressure
113. A vertical pipe which conveys only wastewater or liquid waste free of fecal
matter.
a. Soil pipe
b. Waste pipe
c. Soils stack
d. Waste stack
114. A pipe which conveys potable water from building the building supply pipe
to the plumbing fixtures and other outlets.
a. Water service pipe
b. Water main
c. Water distributing pipe
d. Building water supply pipe
115. Any pipe which conveys the discharge of water closet, urinal or fixtures
having similar function, with or without the discharges from other fixtures to the
building drain or building sewer.
a. Soil pipe
b. Waste pipe
c. Building drain
d. Building sewer
116. In a building, it consists of water service pipe, water supply line, water
distributing pipes and the essential branch pipes, valves and all other
appurtenances for the supply of potable water.
a. Water service system
b. Water pipe system
c. Waters supply and distributing system
d. Building water service and sewage piping system
117. Where can you find a flush meter valve installed?
a. Urinal
b. Bath tub
c. Lavatory
d. Bidet
118. Water which comes from discharges of laundry trays, lavatories, bathtubs,
etc.
a. Black water
b. Grey water
c. Contaminated water
d. Hard water
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119. What property of water is characterized as its ability to stick to itself and
pull itself together?It can be demonstrated on a dripping trap where water clings
to outlet of tap and forms a tiny globule before it falls.
a. Capillary action
b. Dissolving ability of water
c. Absorption
d. Surface tension
120. Hardness in water can be observed in the following ways except:
a. Inability to produce lather
b. Deposition of scale
c. When using soap, it easily produce bubbles
d. Water tends to become slimy
121. What do you call iron that is present in water.
a. Ferrous bicarbonate
b. Sodium chloride
c. Sulfur dioxide
d. Ferric chloride
122. In the coliform group of bacteria, e. coli is present in fecal matters as well
as those birds and other animals. What is e in the abbreviation e. coli?
a. Entamoeba
b. Escherichia
c. Excreta
d. Estrada
123. This is the process whereby salt content in water is removed thereby
rendering potable water. It is done by heating seawater then pumping the water
into low pressure vessels where water is partially vaporized. Water vapor is then
condensed and turned into potable water. What do you call this process?
a. Desalting
b. Evaporation
c. Condensation
d. Desalination
124. What is the most common type of water distributing system? This method
is dependent on the pressure provided by water main and involves a minimum
number and type of components such as overhead water tank and pressure tank.
a. Direct (pressure) system
c. Upfeed and gravity distribution system
d. Upfeed (pump) system
125. What system of joint may be used in bell and spigot type cast iron pipe?
a. Mechanical joint
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b. Threaded joint
c. Caulked joint
d. Slip joint
126. The process of removing suspended matter in water along with some
discoloration using hydrated sulfate or commonly called alum to form a
gelatinous substance; also known as flocculation.
a. Filtration
b. Aeration
c. Irradiation
d. Coagulation
127. It refers to the continuous exchange of water within the hydrosphere,
between the atmosphere, ground surface, underground and water surface.
a. Ecological cycle
b. Atmospheric cycle
c. Hydrologic cycle
d. Meteorological cycle
128. What fits into a bell or hub?
a. Spigot
b. Fitting
c. Thread
d. Fixture
129. Where can a cleanout be located?
a. At the base of stack
b. At the upper end of every horizontal branch
c. At intervals of 15 meters
d. All of these
a. Wye branch
b. Street tee
c. Tapped tee
d. Sanitary tee
131. What is the minimum trap and trap arm size of a lavatory (single)?
a. 32 mm.
b. 38 mm.
c. 50 mm.
d. 75 mm.
132. Which condition qualifies the term battery of fixtures?
a. Similar fixtures such as a group of water closet, urinals, etc.
b. Two or more fixtures connected to a common branch
c. Fixtures are adjacent to each other
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d. All of these
133. What type of ventilation system is used in fixtures such as sinks that are
located away from walls and partitions?
a. Unit vent
b. Back vent
c. Looped vent
d. Ejector vent
134. A kind of trap seal loss resulting from charge in temperature. It usually
happens when fixture in not always used.
a. Backpressure
b. Evaporation
c. Siphonage
d. Capillary action
135. The length along the center line of pipes and fittings. This is measured
when pipes and fittings are installed.
a. Total length
b. Face-to-face length
c. End-to-end length
d. Developed length
136. A bathroom that contains a water closet and a lavatory without a bathtub
a. Half bath
b. Three-quarter bath
c. Full bath
d. One and a half bath
137. A tank or pit that is provided below normal grade such as in basement of a
building from which waste or sewage is discharged into and removed by
mechanical means into an ultimate means of waste disposal such as street
sewer.
a. Cistern
b. Reservoir
c. Sump pit
d. Holding tank
138. The following are example of plumbing fixtures except:
a. Urinal
b. Bidet
c. Trap
d. Floor drain
139. Which type of venting system is used to ventilate two fixture traps usually
placed or installed side-by-side or back-to-back?
a. Individual vent
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b. Common vent
c. Circuit vent
d. Loop vent
140. In a trap, it is the lowest portion of the inside top surface of the channel
through the trap. What is it?
a. Crown heir
b. Dip
c. Inlet
d. Outlet
141. In a horizontal pipe, it is the lowest portion of the inside part of the pipe.
What is it?
a. Crown
b. Dip
c. Crown weir
d. Invert
142. Which of the following is considered a plumbing appurtenance?
a. Vacuum breaker
b. Water closet
c. Tap
d. Swimming pool
143. In a plumbing system installation, a pipe which could be either horizontal
or vertical that conveys only liquid waste free from fecal matter, e.g. lavatory,
floor drain, bath tub drain pipe.
a. Soil stack
b. Waste pipe
c. Waste stack
d. Soil pipe
144. A waste pipe that does not connect directly with drainage system; waste is
collected through a receptacle, fixture, receptor or interceptor through an air
break, e.g. refrigerator waste, washing machine, dish dryer or washer, etc.
a. Indirect waste pipe
b. Waste pipe
c. Direct waste pipe
d. Waste stack
145. The following are examples of materials used for drain or sewer pipe
above ground installation except:
a. Copper tube
b. Plastic or synthetic pipe
c. Cast iron pipe
d. Vitrified clay pipe
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146. In back-to-back fixture connection, the following may be used except:
a. Double sanitary tee
b. Double wye combination
c. Double inverted wye
d. Double tapped tee
147. A horizontal pipe is a pipe that makes an angle of __________.
a. Less than 45 degrees with the vertical
b. 45 degrees with the vertical
c. Less than or more than 45 degrees with the vertical
d. Less than 45 degrees with the horizontal
148. A measure of the probable discharge into the plumbing system by various
type of fixtures; plumbing fixtures are rated according to their discharge
capacities in cu. Ft. per min. or gals per min. unit.
a. Drainage fixture unit (dfu)
b. Discharge rate
c. Plumbing unit
d. Flow rate
149. A Type of water meter (a. Compound meter b. Turbine meter c.Single
meter d. None of the above)
150. A Type of water meter (a. Compound meter b. Turbine meter c.Single
meter d. None of the above)
151. A type of wrench pipe (a. Rap Wrench b. Pipe Wrench c. End Pipe
Wrench d. Stillson Wrench)
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152. A type of wrench pipe(a. Rap Wrench b. Pipe Wrench c. End Pipe Wrench
d. Stillson Wrench)
155. A type of wrench pipe(a. Rap Wrench b. Pipe Wrench c. Leverage Wrench
d. Stillson Wrench)
156. A type of wrench pipe(a. Rap Wrench b. Pipe Wrench c. Offset Wrench d.
Stillson Wrench)
157. A type of wrench pipe(a. Rap Wrench b. Pipe Wrench c. Adjustable Spud
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158. A type of wrench pipe (a. Monkey Wrench b. Pipe Wrench c. Leverage
159. A type of wrench pipe(a. Rap Wrench b. Pipe Wrench c. Crescent Wrench
d. Stillson Wrench)
160. A type of wrench pipe(a. Rap Wrench b. Pipe Wrench c. Chain Wrench d.
Stillson Wrench)
161. Types of Chain Tong (a.Light Duty Chain Tong b. . Heavy Duty Chain
Tong c. Single Ended Jaw Chain Tong d. Reversible Jaw Chain Tong)
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165. Type of Chain Tong (a. Strap Wrench b Double Ended Jaw Chain Tong c.
Small Diameter Pipe Cutter d. Small Quick Opening Tube Cutter )
166. Type of Chain Tong (a. Strap Wrench b Double Ended Jaw Chain Tong c.
167. Type of Chain Tong (a. Hex Wrench b Double Ended Jaw Chain Tong c.
168. Type of Tube Cutter (a. Strap Wrench b Double Ended Jaw Chain Tong c.
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Small Diameter Pipe Cutter d. Large Tube Cutter)
Small Diameter Pipe Cutter d. Large Quick Opening Tube Cutter)
172. Type of Tube Cutter( a. Strap Wrench b Double Ended Jaw Chain Tong c.
Small Diameter Pipe Cutter d. Hacksaw
173. (a.House drain b. Floor drain c. Drainage)- is that portion of the plumbing
system that receives discharges of all soil and waste stacks.
174. (a. House drain b. sewer drain c.Combined drain) - is a type of house
drain that receives discharges of sanitary waste as well as storm water
175. (a.Garage catch basin b. Catch basin c. Drainage) is a device designed to
convey wastes from garage, wash rack, grease pit and repair floors into the
house drain
176. An Acoustical analogy to the regular or specular reflection of light where
the angle of incidence of an impinging sound wave equals the angle of reflection.
(a.Laser diagram b.Ray diagram c.Acoustical diagram d.None of the above)
177. Distribute those sounds to a larger or more distant audience (a.Sound
attenuating system b.Sound reinforcing system c. Sound distibution system
d.None of the above)
178. Is the combination of microphones, signal processors, amplifiers,
and loudspeakers that makes live or pre-recorded sounds louder Ray
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diagram(a.Sound attenuating system b.Sound reinforcing system c. Sound
distibution system d.None of the above).
179. Boost a low-voltage level signal and provide electrical power to drive a
loudspeaker(a. electrical power b.Power speaker c. Power amplifiers d.None of
the above)
180. This system provides maximum realism, as the listener will hear amplified
sound from the direction of the natural sound (a. Central Loudspeaker System
b.Loudspeaker System c. Central paging system d.None of the above)
181. Is the return of a sound wave from a surface(a. Reflection b.Diifusion c.
Refraction d.None of the above)
182. Is the scattering or random distribution of a sound wave from a surface(a.
Reflection b.Diifusion c. Refraction d.None of the above).
183. Is the bending or “flowing” of a sound wave around an object(a. Diffraction
b.Diifusion c. Refraction d.None of the above)
184. Resonate at certain audible frequencies; this is called the
__________effect. (a.Larsen effect b. Bathroom tenor c.Side effect d.None of
the above).
185. A sound with a lower frequency wave generates a __________pitch.
(a.Lower b.Higher c.lower-higher d.None of the above).
186. Refers to sound that is absorbed, and transmitted. (a. Total Sound
Absorption b. Sound absorption c.ound transmission d.None of the above)
187. __________Is the persistence of sound in a particular space after the
original sound is produced(a.Refraction b.Reverberation c.Reflection d.None of
the above)
188. Tubing that contains individual insulated wires (a. Armored cable b.
Conduit c. Metallic Tubing)
189. That carry current from the appliance back to the source (a. Positive wirb.
Neutral wire c, Green wire)
190. __________Is the persistence of sound in a particular space after the
original sound is produced(a.Refraction b.Reverberation c.Reflection d.None of
the above)
192. That carry current from the appliance back to the source (a. Positive wire
b. Neutral wire c, Green wire)
193. A flexible metal sheath with individual wires inside (a. Armored cable b.
194. Insulator- great resistance to the flow of electricity TRUE OR FALSE
195. Electrical conductors which are 89 sq. m (AWG #8) or smaller in size (a.
Conductors b. Wires c Cables)
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196. Larger than wires (a. Conductors b. Wires c. Cables)
197. Box with a blank cover where conductors meet join (a. Junction box b.
Pull box c. Outlet box)
198. Box with a blank cover inserted to one or more raceways to facilitate
pulling of the conductors (a. Junction box b. Pull box c. Outlet box)
199. An enclosure designed for surface mounting and having swinging doors or
covers secured directly to and telescoping with the walls of the box proper. (a.
Cutout Box b. Panel Box c. Direct Box )
200. The methods and means of governing the performance of an electric
apparatus, equipment, fixtures, machine or system. (a. Cutout Box b. Control
Panel Box c. Direct Box )
201. A conductor encased within material of composition and thickness that is
recognized by this Code as electrical insulation. (a. Cutout Box b. Insulated
c.Wire)
202. A measure of the rate of flow of electricity (a. Amperes b. Volts c. Watts)
203. A measure of electric pressure (a. Amperes b. Volts c. Watts)
204. Electricity flow through the circuit and back to its source rapidly ( a. Circuit
b. Open Circuit c. Short Circuit)
205. A measure of the amount of energy or work that can be done(a. Amperes
b. Volts c. Watts)
206. Are used to ground all metal boxes and appliances (a. Positive wire b.
Neutral wire c. Green wire)
207. an assembly of module conductors used to carry large amount of current
(power). Instead of using several parallel or single large conductor, a bar
assembly is adapted (a. Busway b. Busbar c. Raceway)
208. (a. Copper b. Iron c. Aluminum) is the most common conductor used in
different types of house wires and cables. Its frequent use is due to its good
electrical conductivity, low resistance, and mechanical strength.
209. (a. Copper b. Iron c. Aluminum) is one of the popular conductors used for
electrical cables along with copper.
210. (a. Aluminum alloys b. Copper alloy c.Metal) the cables made are also
used at certain specific places. The alloys are more durable and long lasting.
211. A point in the wiring system at which current is taken to supply utilization
equipment; any point that supplies an electric load (. Switch b. Outlet c. Panel)
212. Ratio between the true power and the apparent power of a load in an A.C
circuit (a. Power Factor b. Power c. Energy)
213. A special switch equipped with a transmitter for remote or wave
connection (a. Remote control switch b. Time controlled switch c. Automatic
transfer switch)
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214. A special switch which is an essential part of a standby power
arrangement, basically a double throw (a. Remote control switch b. Time
controlled switch c. Automatic transfer switch)
215. A switch in which the interruption of a circuit occus in air (a.Knife switch b
Single air switch c. Air switch d. none of the above)
216. A form of air switch in which a hinged copperbblade is placed beteen two
clips (a.Knife switch b Single air switch c. Air switch d. none of the above)
218. A substance capable of luminescence, such as a fluorescence powder,
which absorbs ultraviolet power and reemits it as a visible light.(a.
Phosphorescence b. Phosphor c. Luminescence d. None of the above)
219. The emission of light as the result of the absorption of electromagnetic
radiation. . (a. Phosphorescence b. Phosphor c. Luminescence d. None of the
above).
220. A law stating that the luminous intensity, in any direction from a plane
surface, varies s the cosine of the angle between that direction and the
perpendicular to the surface. .(a. Lambert’s cosine law b.Lamberts law c. Law of
angle d. None of the above)
221. A rapid start fluorescent lamp designed to operate on higher current than
usual, resulting in a corresponding increase in flux per unit length of
lamp. .(a.Lumens b. Starter c. High-output fluorescent lamp d. None of the
above)
222. A mercury vapor lamp that operates at a partial pressure of mercury about
1 atmosphere or more. .(a.Mercury lamp b.High sodium light c. High-pressure
mercury lamp d. None of the above)
223. Is emitted from a source in straight lines and spreads out over a larger and
larger area as it travels; the light per unit area diminishes as the square of the
distance. When light strikes an object, it is either absorbed or reflected; light
reflected from a rough surface is scattered in all directions. .(a.Lightning b. Light
c.Reflected light d. None of the above)
224. Is flat-area light sources used in tiny windows of seven-segment lettering
in wristwatches and hand calculators. .(a.Light exit b.Jewels c. Light-emitting
diode d. None of the above)
225. The luminous flux density incident on a surface, on a surface i.e., the
luminous flux per unit area, usually expressed in lumens per square foot or foot-
candles, and lumens per square meter or flux. .(a. Illumination b.Luminisence
c.Luminous d. None of the above)
226. An instrument for measuring the illumination on a surface; usually consist
of barrier-layer cells connected to a meter calibrated directly in a set of
31
illumination units. .(a.Light meter b.Photometer c. Illumination meter d. None of
the above)
227. These are basically long-life lamps that are filled with krypton to raise
efficacy. These lamps can be substituted for standard lamp for appreciable
savings in energy costs and relamping costs. .(a. Energy-saving lamps b.Krypton
lamps c.Incandescent lamp d. None of the above)
228. The unit used to measure how much total light is reaching a surface, such
as walls. . (a. Foot-candle b.Lux c.Phots d. None of the above)
229. This is the brightness of the flat. .(a.Lux b. Foot- lamberts c.Lumens d.
None of the above)
230. The basic filter is a tin film that operates on the interference principle
rather than absorption. Thus the surface remains relatively cool.(a. Interference
diachronic filters b.Led c.Absorption filterd. None of the above)
231. Is defined as the transmission through a filter after the initial reflection
losses are accounted for by dividing external transmission.(a. Internal
transmittance b.Reflection c.Refraction d. None of the above)
232. The change of direction of a light ray or a sound ray in passing from one
medium to another. .(a.Reflection b. Refraction c.Radaiation d. None of the
above)
233. Light reflected from the ceiling tends to soften shadows and improve
brightness ratios. .(a.Reflected luminaire b. Semi- indirect luminaire c.Direct
Luminaire d. None of the above)
234. Produces light in small arc tubes and are the closest thing to a true point
source of high luminance. . (a. Short-arc lamps b.Arc-lamps c.Tube light d. None
of the above)
235. The illumination of a material from the rear by light which is transmitted
through the material. . (a. Trans illumination b.Illumination c.Light illumination d.
None of the above)
236. Is a constant for a given transparent material, however different
wavelengths of light. .(a.Light Index b. Refractive light c. Refractive index d. None
of the above)
237. Is that reflection which cannot be associated with either Lambert’s Cosine
Law or the Law of Regular Reflection. .(a.Scattered light b. Scattered reflection
c.Law of reflection d. None of the above)
238. As more light flux is directed above the horizontal plane, direct glare is
reduced. .(a.Flux b.Lumens c. Semi-direct and indirect systems d. None of the
above)
239. When the material is transparent (clear glass), spread, or totally diffused
(white glass), light will pass through it in a controlled mode. .(a. Transmission
b.Translucent c.Reflection d. None of the above)
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240. Is achieved when there is no prolonged visual sensation due to
excessively high luminance within the visual field. .(a.Luminance b.Viscousity c.
Visual comfort d. None of the above)
241. (a. House drain b. sewer drain c.Combined drain) - is a type of house
drain that receives discharges of sanitary waste as well as storm water
242. (a.Garage catch basin b. Catch basin c. Drainage) is a device designed to
convey wastes from garage, wash rack, grease pit and repair floors into the
house drain
243. The pressure of electrical power supplied to a lamp. .(a. Voltage b.Ohms
c.Watts d. None of the above)
244. When the surface is not shiny or matte, then the reflected light will be
diffused. .(a. Diffusion b.Diffuser c.Mat Diffuser d. None of the above)
245. A device that varies the light intensity of a light source without appreciably
affecting the spatial distribution of the light. .(a.Switch b. Dimmer c.Plug d. None
of the above)
246. Glare resulting from high brightness of insufficiently shielded light sources
in the field of view or from reflecting areas of high brightness. .(a.Indirect glare b.
Direct-indirect lighting c. Direct Glare d. None of the above)
247. Lighting in which the luminaries are in general diffuse category but emit
little or no light at angles near a horizontal plane drawn through them. .(a.Direct b.
Direct-indirect lighting c.Indirect glare d. None of the above)
248. A measurement of how much electrical power a lamp uses. Lower wattage
means a lower electrical bill- not necessarily lower brightness. .(a.Phots b.
Wattage c.Voltage d. None of the above)
249. Is a mixture of all colors in the visible spectrum. A perfectly white light is
the result of mixing all colors of equal energy level. .(a.Black light b. White light
c.Light d. None of the above)
250. Is typical of particulate substances like powders. If you shine a light on
baking flour, for example, you will not see a directionally shiny component. The
powder will appear uniformly bright from every direction. .(a.Diffuser b. Diffuse
reflection c.Reflection d. None of the above)
251. Is similar to a general diffuse system, except that the lights flux within 10
to 30 degrees below the horizontal plane is reduced or shielded. .(a.Diffuse b.
Direct-indirect system c.Reflectedd. None of the above)
252. A reflecting surface that scatters incident light in all directions. .(a.
Diffusing Surface b.Diffuser c.Reflecting surface d. None of the above)
253. The efficacy of fluorescent lamp depends on operating current and the
phosphors utilized. Normally warm white lamps are most efficient, followed
closely by cool white, daylight, and colored lamps. .(a. Phospour .b. Efficacy
c.luminiscense d. None of the above)
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254. Lighting, predominantly from a preferred direction, which provides
illumination on the work plane or an object. .(a. Directional lighting b.Illuminating
c.Indirect lighting d. None of the above)
255. Lighting in which luminaries distribute 90% to 100% of the emitted light in
the direction of the surface to be illuminated, usually a downward direction. .(a.
Direct lighting b.Indirect lighting c.Power d. None of the above)
256. This type utilizes the principles of electromagnetism to excite the gas fill in
the lamp. .(a.b.c. Electromagnetic electrode less lamps d. None of the above)
257. Evaluates the degree to which actual lighting situations approach the
effectiveness of the reference sphere lighting (where the percentage of light at
the mirror angle is low, avoiding veiling reflections). .(a. ESI method b.SIE
method c.EIS method d. None of the above)
258. the science that deals with the measurement of light. (a.Photometry b.
Candle c. PowerLumen)
259. a unit of illumination on a surface that is everywhere one foot from a
uniform point source of one candela and equal to one lumen incident per square
foot (a.Foot Candle b. Lumen c.Candela)
260. A lighting unit consisting of one or more electrical lamps (a.Lux
b.Luminaire c.Lumen)
261. refers to the unit of intensity of light of one standard candle whose light is
concentrated at a point and the light source is assumed to be placed at the
center of a hollow sphere of one foot radius. (a.Standard Candle b.Candle Power
c.Lumen)
262. What is the unit of luminous flux, amount of light falling on a surface from
the source. (a.Photometry b.Standard Candle c.Lumen)
263. light ray striking a polarized glass causes the illumination of the horizontal
light rays and allows the vertical rays to penetrate the glass (resulting in soft
lighting) (a.Diffusion b.Polarization c.Refraction)
264. light rays leaving the source strike a rough, opaque surface which spreads
the light in various directions. (a.Diffusion b.Reflection c.Transmission)
265. light rays strike a plain (surface) transparent glass which allows the rays to
proceed farther. (a.Refraction b.Polarization c.Transmission)
266. light striking a silvered surface is reflected back with no diffusion and the
angle of incidence is equal to the angle of deflection. (a Refraction b.Reflection
c.Diffusion)
267. the sensation by which an observer is able to distinguish between
differences in luminance (a. Luminance b.Brightness c.Candle)
268. the basic SI unit of luminous intensity equal to the luminous intensity of a
source that emits monochromatic radiation (a.Candela b.Candle Power c.Candle)
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269. the rate of flow of flow visible light per unit time expressed in lumens
(a.Lumen b.Candle Power c.Luminous Flux)
270. a unit of luminous intensity used prior to 1948 equal to the luminous
intensity of a wax candle of a standard specifications (a.Lux b.Lumen c.Candle)
271. A single opaque or translucent element used to control light distribution at
certain angles. (a.Overhang b.Baffle c.Shade)
272. Glare produced from a reflective surface. (a.Direct Glare b.Indirect Glare
Diffused c.Glare)
273. the luminous flux emitted per unit solid angle by a light source, expressed
In candelas (a.Luminous Intensity b.Lambert c.Luminance)
274. the quantitative measure of brightness of a light source or an illuminated
surface equal to the luminous intensity per unit protected area of the source or
surface viewed from a given direction (a.Brightness b.Foot Lambert
c.Luminance)
275. The everyday term for an incandescent lamp. Also refers to the outer
glass envelope of the lamp. (a.Lamp b.Bulb c.Wire)
276. the SI unit of illumination equal to one lumen per square meter (a.Lux
b.Lumen c.Candle Power)
277. An Acoustical analogy to the regular or specular reflection of light where
the angle of incidence of an impinging sound wave equals the angle of reflection.
(a.Laser diagram b.Ray diagram c.Acoustical diagram d.None of the above)
278. Brand Names for Electrical wires ( a. Columbia b. Nippon c. Hitachi )
279. Slope of inclination of sewer pipe (a.21/2% b. 2% c. 3% d.None of the
above)
280. Is the cooling and dehumidification of indoor air for thermal comfort. In a
broader sense, the term can refer to any form of cooling, heating, ventilation, or
disinfection that modifies the condition of air. (a.Dehumidification
b.Humidification c. Air-conditioning d.None of the above)
281. Distribute those sounds to a larger or more distant audience (a.Sound
attenuating system b.Sound reinforcing system c. Sound distibution system
283. That carry current from the appliance back to the source (a. Positive wire
b. Neutral wire c, Green wire d. None of the above)
284. A flexible metal sheath with individual wires inside (a. Armored cable b.
Conduit c. Metallic Tubing d. None of the above)
285. Insulator- great resistance to the flow of electricity TRUE OR FALSE
286. Electrical conductors which are 89 sq. m (AWG #8) or smaller in size (a.
Conductors b. Wires c Cables d. None of the above)
35
287. Larger than wires (a. Conductors b. Wires c. Cables d. None of the
above)
288. Box with a blank cover where conductors meet join (a. Junction box b.
Pull box c. Outlet box d. None of the above)
289. Box with a blank cover inserted to one or more raceways to facilitate
pulling of the conductors (a. Junction box b. Pull box c. Outlet box d. None of
the above)
290. An enclosure designed for surface mounting and having swinging doors or
covers secured directly to and telescoping with the walls of the box proper. (a.
Cutout Box b. Panel Box c. Direct Box d. None of the above )
291. The methods and means of governing the performance of an electric
apparatus, equipment, fixtures, machine or system. (a. Cutout Box b. Control
Panel Box c. Direct Box d. None of the above )
292. A conductor encased within material of composition and thickness that is
recognized by this Code as electrical insulation. (a. Cutout Box b. Insulated
c.Wire d. None of the above)
293. A measure of the rate of flow of electricity (a. Amperes b. Volts c. Watts d.
None of the above)
294. A measure of electric pressure (a. Amperes b. Volts c. Watts d. None of
the above)
295. Electricity flow through the circuit and back to its source rapidly ( a. Circuit
b. Open Circuit c. Short Circuit d. None of the above)
296. A measure of the amount of energy or work that can be done(a. Amperes
b. Volts c. Watts d. None of the above)
297. Are used to ground all metal boxes and appliances (a. Positive wire b.
Neutral wire c. Green wire d. None of the above)
298. An assembly of module conductors used to carry large amount of current
(power). Instead of using several parallel or single large conductor, a bar
assembly is adapted (a. Busway b. Busbar c. Raceway d. None of the above)
299. (a. Copper b. Iron c. Aluminum) is the most common conductor used in
different types of house wires and cables. Its frequent use is due to its good
electrical conductivity, low resistance, and mechanical strength.
300. (a. Copper b. Iron c. Aluminum d. None of the above) is one of the
popular conductors used for electrical cables along with copper.
301. (a. Aluminum alloys b. Copper alloy c.Metal d. None of the above) the
cables made are also used at certain specific places. The alloys are more
durable and long lasting.
302. A point in the wiring system at which current is taken to supply utilization
equipment; any point that supplies an electric load (. Switch b. Outlet c. Panel)
36
303. Ratio between the true power and the apparent power of a load in an A.C
circuit (a. Power Factor b. Power c. Energy)
304. Outlet a point in the wiring system at which current is not taken to supply
utilization equipment; any point that supplies an electric load True or False
305. A device for developing an electric potential difference at the expense of
mechanical energy (a.Battery b.Cell c.Energyd. None of the above)
306. Is the work per unit charge done by a generator (battery) on the electric
charges (a. Force b. Power c.Electomotive force d. None of the above)
307. Is the opposition of an electric flow to the circuit of current through the
circuit (a. Electron b. Resistance c.Neutron d. None of the above)
308. Is the work per unit charge done by the electric charges in moving from
one point in an electric current to another (a.Potential drop b.Static c. Parallel d.
None of the above)
309. Rate of doing work (a. Power b. Work c. Energy d. None of the above)
310. 33,000 ft-lb of work per minute (a. Horse Power b. Power c. Energy d.
None of the above)
311. A practical device which depends on mutual induction for its operation (a.
Transformer b. Battery c. Energy d. None of the above)
312. Electricity flows one direction. (a. AC b. DC c. Current d. None of the
above)
313. Electricity constantly reverses its direction of flow. It is generated by
machines called AC generators. It is universally accepted because of its
unlimited number of application (a. AC b. DC c. Current d. None of the above)
314. Single path of current flow; elements are arranged in a series of one after
the other with no branches. The current is the same throughout and the voltage
differs. (a. Parallel circuit b. Series circuit c. Direct Current d. None of the above)
315. “Multiple connections” where loads are placed across the same voltage
constituting a separate circuit. The voltage is the same and the current differ. (a.
Parallel circuit b. Series circuit c. Direct Current d. None of the above)
316. A good insulator must have extremely__________resistance and a
moderate resistance for a load resistor. (a. Low b. High c. Moderate d. None of
the above)
317. Materials used to carry or allow the flow of electric current (a. Electric
Conductors b. Electric Insulators c. Electric Circuit d. None of the above)
318. A short length of conductor used to make a connection between terminals
or around a break in a circuit, or around an instrument. It is usually a temporary
connection. (a. Break b. Short circuit c. Jumper d. None of the above)
319. A wire or cable carrying electric current, supported by poles, towers or
other structures.(a. Line Conductor b. Line Insulator c. Line Current d. None of
the above)
37
320. A point at which energy s divided among feeders or branch circuits or
combination of both, and where over current devices are usually located.
(a.Distribution Area b. Distribution Center c. Power Center) d. None of the above
321. Is a standardized wire gauge system used since 1857 predominantly in
the United States for the diameters of round, solid, nonferrous, electrically
conducting wire (a. American wire gauge b. American wine Gauge c.American
wire gage d. None of the above)
322. Is the basis upon which electric motors operate (a. Magnetism b.
Commutator c. Armature d. None of the above)
323. Reverses the current in the motor(a. Magnetism b. Commutator c.
Armature d. None of the above)
324. Rotating magnet(a. Magnetism b. Commutator c. Armature d. None of the
above)
325. onverts high voltage from the power lines to 240 volts ( a. Transformer b.
Generator c. Electricity d. None of the above)
326. Bendable type of metal (a. Armored cable b. Conduit c. Metallic Tubing d.
None of the above)
327. That carry current to appliances (a. Positive wire b. Neutral wire c. Green
wire d. None of the above)
328. The National Electrical Code® defines a as a device designed to open and
close a circuit by non automatic means, and to open the circuit automatically on a
predetermined over current without damage to itself when properly applied within
its rating. (a.Breaker b. Circuit c. Circuit breaker d. none of the above)
329. Negative charge of electricity (a. Electron b. Proton c. Neutron) d. none of
the above.
330. Positive charge of electricity (a. Electron b. Proton c. Neutron d. none of
the above)
331. Not electrically charged and weighs slightly more than the proton (a.
Electron b. Proton c. Neutron d. none of the above)
332. The ability of a listener to hear and correctly interpret verbal messages.
(a.Speech audibility b. Speech clarity c. Speech Intelligibility d None of the
above)
333. of a frequency higher than 20,000 Hz. The frequency region containing
these frequencies is called the ultrasonic region. (a.Ultra sonic b. Ultrasounds
Sounds c. Ultra violet d None of the above)
334. A material that when placed around a source of noise inhibits the
transmission of that noise beyond the barrier (a. Sound clarity b. Noise control c.
Sound Barrier d. None of the above)
335. Anything physical or an environment that interferes with communication or
listening. (a. Sound clarity b. Noise control c. Sound Barrier d. None of the above
336. The amount of noise that is reduced through the introduction of sound
absorbing materials. (a.Noise subtraction b. Noise barrier c. Noise)
38
337. The sound pressure level, in decibels, of a sound is __________time the
logarithm to the base of 10 of the ratio of the sound pressure to the reference
pressure(a.10 b. 15 c.20 d None of the above)
338. Are the basic acoustical property of a room which depends only on its
dimensions and the absorptive properties of its surfaces and contents.
(a.Reverberation b.Attenuation c. Reverberation time d None of the above)
339. NR means in sounds & acoustics Noise Reduction
340. A device that converts sound pressure variations in air into corresponding
electronic signals ( a. Sound Level Meter b. Pots.c. Pons d . none of the above)
341. Is the total instantaneous pressure at a point in space, in the presence of
a sound wave, minus the static pressure at that point. (a. Sound clarity b. Noise
control c. Sound Barrier d. None of the above)
342. Used to evaluate existing listening conditions at ear level by measuring
sound levels at the loudest locations in a room (a. Noise criteria curves b. Noise
control c. Sound Barrier d. None of the above)
343. The process by which the threshold of hearing of one sound is raised due
to the presence of another. (a.Musking b.Sound control c. Masking d None of the
above)
344. This is a rating for doors, windows, enclosures, noise barriers, partitions
and other acoustical products(a. Sound Transmission Class b. Sound
Transmission rating c. Sound Transmission barriers d None of the above)
345. A subjective measure of sound expressed in decibels as a comparison
corresponding to familiar sounds experienced in a variety of situations. (a.Sound
control b.Sound barrier c. Sound Level d None of the above)
346. Is the fundamental property of a material relevant to sound transmission
loss through that material(a.Mass b.Volume c.Spaced None of the above)
347. Is the distance between two identical positions in the cycle or
wave(a.Cycle b. Wavelength c.Sound d None of the above)
348. The reverberation time of a room is the time it takes for sound to decay by
__________dB once the source of sound has stopped(a.80 b.70 c.60 d None of
the above)
Hearing Range
349. 16 –__________Hz (Speech Intelligibility) (a. 2000 b.1000 c.750 d None
of the above)
350. 600 – __________Hz (Speech Privacy) (a.2000 b.4800 c.1000 d None of
the above)
351. 250 –__________Hz (Typical small table radio) (a.2500 b.1500 c.3000 d
None of the above)
352. Best for lower band frequency (a.Porous absorbent b.Sound absorber
c.Frequency d None of the above)
353. Frequency and wave form of the sound stimulus; expressed in units called
__________ (a.Phons b.Sones c.Notesd None of the above)
354. Frequency The number of oscillations or cycles per unit of time. Acoustical
frequency is usually expressed in units of Hertz (Hz) where one Hz is equal to
one cycle per second.
39
355. The intensification and prolongation of sound produced by sympathetic
vibration(a.Resonator b.Resonance c.Osconanced None of the above)
356. Unit of loudness level(a.Phon b.sone c. note d None of the above)
357. Process of dissipating sound energy by converting it into heat(a. Sound
absorption b.Sound attenuation c.Sound conversion d None of the above)
358. Sound waves from a source outdoors where there are no obstructions.
(a.Sound wave b. Free Field c.Outdoor field d None of the above)
359. A thin layer of material between 2 layers of absorptive material, such as
foil, lead, steel, etc. that prevents sound wave from passing through absorptive
material. (a.Xylum b.Septum c.Sound silliumd None of the above)
360. Rapid succession of echoes caused by the reflection of sound waves back and
forth between two parallel surfaces(a. Creep b. Reverberation c. Flutter d.
Diffusion)
361. Reflection of sound from a curved surface(a. Creep b. Reverberation c.
Flutter d. Diffusion)
362. Sound is everywhere(a. Creep b. Reverberation c. Flutter d. Diffusion)
363. When traveling forward in a straight path, it changes direction as it passes
through different density and causes sound wave to bend(a. Refraction b.
Reverberation c. Flutter d. Diffusion)
364. The scattering or random reflection of a sound wave from a surface. The
directions of reflected sound is changed so that listeners may have sensation of
sound coming from all directions at equal levels(a.Phots b.Flanking c.Diffusion d.
None of the above)
365. Flanking The transmission of sound around the perimeter or through holes
within partitions (or barriers) that reduces the otherwise obtainable sound
transmission loss of a partition(a.Diffusion b.Flutter c. Flanking d. None of the
above)
366. (a.Balustrade b.Buffer c. Guarded d. None of the above) The frame on
both side of escalator
367. (a.Balustrade b.Buffer c. Guarded d. None of the above) A device
designed to stop a descending car from beyond its normal limit of travel
368. (a. Cage/cab b. Car c.Enclosure d. None of the above) Enclosure for
housing the operator etc of a crane
369. (a. Cage/cab b. Car c.Enclosure d. None of the above) The load carrying
unit of an elevator
370. (a.Crane b. Car c.Duct d. None of the above)Machine for lifting or
lowering and moving horizontal
371. (a.Crane b. Car c.Duct d. None of the above)Passageway made of sheet
of metal for conveying air
372. (a.Dumbwaiter b. Elevator c Escalator d. None of the above)Hoisting and
lowering mechanism Area- 3861sq cm Height- 1.20m Capacity - 277k
373. (a.Dumbwaiter b. Elevator c Escalator d. None of the above)A hoisting
and lowering mechanism with a car or platform which move in guides in a
vertical direction
374. (a.Dumbwaiter b. Elevator landing c Escalator d. None of the
above)Portion of a floor, balcony, or platform for loading or unloading
40
375. (a.Dumbwaiter b. Elevator wire c Escalator d. None of the above) Steel
wire rope attached to the car
376. a.Dumbwaiter b. Elevator wire c .Enclosed d. None of the above )The
moving parts of a machine are so guarded that physical contact by
any part of the human body is precluded or prevented
377. (a.Dumbwaiter b. Elevator wire c Escalator d. None of the above )Power
driven, inclined, continuous stairway
378. (a.Evaporation b. Evaporator c. Condensation d. None of the above)Liquid
refrigerant is vaporized to produce refrigeration
379. (a.External b. Internal c. Both d. None of the above) Inspection made on
boiler
Guarded Shielded, fenced or otherwise protected
380. (a.Hoist b. Hoistway c. Guardrail d. None of the above)Apparatus for
raising or lowering a load by the application of a building force
381. (a.Hoist b. Hoistway c. Guardrail d. None of the above)A shaft for the
travel of elevator or dumbwaiters
382. (a.External b. Internal c. Both d. None of the above) Inspection when
boiler is shutdown
383. (a. Machine b. Machine house c.Machine parts d. None of the above)The
driven unit of equipment
384. (a. Machine b. Machine house c.Machine parts d. None of the above)
Enclosure for housing the hoisting mechanism and power plant
385. (a. Machine b. Machine house c.Machine parts d. None of the above)Any
or all the moving parts of a machine
386. Are essentially small, purpose-built computers with input and output
capabilities? They come in a range of sizes and capabilities to control devices
commonly found in buildings, and to control sub-networks of controllers.(a.
Controllers b.Computers c. switches d. None of the above)
387. Is needed to supply the air-handling units with water. It may supply a
chilled water system, hot water system and a condenser water system, as well as
transformers and auxiliary power unit for emergency power. (a.Chillers b. Central
plant c. Evaporators d. None of the above)
388. Is often used to cool a building's air and equipment. (a.Condensed water
b.Iced water c. Chilled water d. None of the above)
389. Supplies heat to the building's air-handling unit or VAV box heating coils,
along with the domestic hot water heating coils (Calorifier). (a. Hot water system
b.Heater c.Heating coils d. None of the above)
390. Are groupings of electronic circuits and components which are designed to
accomplish one or more complex functions (a. Circuit breakers b. Electronic
System c.Panel boards d. None of the above)
391. Is the transmission of information? (a.Telephone b. Telecommunication c.
Telegraph d. None of the above)
392. The science and technology of communication at a distance by electronic
transmission of impulses (a.True b.False c.None sure)
41
393. The signal is varied continuously with respect to the information. (a Analog
signal b.Digital signal c.Data signal d. None of the above)
394. The information is encoded as a set of discrete values (for example, a set
of ones and zeros). (a Analog signal b.Digital signal c.Data signal d. None of the
above)
395. Is a collection of transmitters, receivers, and communications channels
that send messages to one another? (a.Network b. Communications network
c.Channels d. None of the above)
396. Refers either to a physical transmission medium such as a wire, or to a
logical connection over a multiplexed medium such as a radio channel. (a.
Communication channel b. Transmission channel c.Information channel d. None
of the above)
397. The shaping of a signal to convey information is known as. (a.Frequency b.
Signal c. Modulation d. None of the above)
398. is the final stage in the delivery of electricity to end users. (a.
Communication b. Electricity distribution c.Frequency d. None of the above)
399. A distribution system's network carries electricity from the transmission
system and delivers it to consumers. (a. Radar Systems b.Electronic system
c.Communication d. None of the above)
400. Takes information and converts it to a signal. (a.Communication b
Transmitter c.Signal d. None of the above)
401. Also called the "physical channel" that carries the signal. An example of
this is the "free space channel". (a. Transmission medium b.Transmitter c. Signal
d. None of the above)
402. Takes the signal from the channel and converts it back into usable
information. (a.Channel b.Signal c. Receiver d. None of the above)
403. Describes the advanced functionality provided by the control system of a
building. (a.Building computerization b. Building automation c.Building control
system d. None of the above)
404. Is a computerized, intelligent network of electronic devices designed to
monitor and control the mechanical electronics, and lighting systems in a building.
(a.Building computerization b. Building automation c.Building control system d.
None of the above)
405. Fastened to the top of the car pass over the sheave at the traction
machine & then downward to the counterweight. (a.Cables b.Wires c.Ties d.
None of the above)
406. Elevator machine turns the sheave & lifts or raised the car. True or False
407. Elevator (a. Machine b.Shaft c. Guard d. None of the above )Consist of a
heavy structural frame on which other auxiliaries are mounted.
408. Is the combination of push buttons, contacts, electronic equipment, relays,
solid-state switching, cans, and devices that are operated manually or
automatically to initiate the door operation, starting, acceleration, retardation,
leveling & stopping of the car? (a.Control panel b. Control level c.Panel board d.
None of the above)
42
409. Are rectangular blocks of cast-iron or cut steel plates staked in a frame
that is supported at the opposite ends of the cables to which the car is fastened?
(a.b.Counterweights c. d. None of the above)
410. It travels in the reverse direction to the car. (a.b.c. Counterweights d. None
of the above)
411. Is the horizontal passage way to the car & counterweights.(a.b.c.Shaft d.
None of the above.
412. Devices that operate when the room reaches a predetermined
temperature (usually in the 135°–165°F/57°–74°C).(a.Thermometer b.Fixed
temperature c. Room temperature d. None of the above)
413. Identifies an abnormally fast temperature climb over a short time
period. (a. rate-of-detection b rate-of-down detector.c. Rate-of-rise detector d.
None of the above)
414. These devices are designed to identify a fire while in its smoldering or
early flame stages, replicating the human sense of smell.(a.Signals b.Flame
extinguisher c. Smoke detectors d.None of the above)
415. As the name implies, these devices are designed to identify a fire while in
its smoldering or early flame stages, replicating the human sense of
smell. .(a.Signals b.Flame extinguisher c. Smoke detectors d.None of the above)
416. Are placed along ceilings or high on walls in a manner similar to spot
thermal units. They operate on either an ionization or photoelectric principle, with
each type having advantages in different applications. (a. Spot type units
b.Ionization type units c.Photoelectric type units d. None of the above)
417. This detector consists of two components, a light transmitter and a
receiver, that are mounted at some distance (up to 300 ft/100m) apart. As smoke
migrates between the two components, the transmitted light beam becomes
obstructed and the receiver is no longer able to see the full beam intensity. This
is interpreted as a smoke condition, and the alarm activation signal is transmitted
to the fire alarm panel. (a. Smoke beam unit b. Projected beam unit
c.Transmitted unit d. None of the above)
418. This device consists of two main components: a control unit that houses
the detection chamber, an aspiration fan and operation circuitry; and a network of
sampling tubes or pipes. (a.Air systems b. Air aspirating system c.Circuitry
systems d. None of the above)
419. Is an active fire protection measure, consisting of a water supply system,
providing adequate pressure and flow rate to a water distribution piping system,
onto which fire sprinklers are connected. (a. Fire sprinkler system b. water
sprinkler system c.Wet type fire sprinkler system d. None of the above)
420. Are systems in which all sprinklers connected to the water piping system
are open, in that the heat sensing operating element is removed, or specifically
43
designed as such.(e.g., openings in a fire-rated wall). (a.Sprinkler system b.
Deluge systems c.Water systemsd. None of the above)
421. Is a special application system, discharging a mixture of water and low
expansion foam concentrate, resulting in a foam spray from the sprinkler. (a.
Foam water fire sprinkler system b. Water fire sprinkler system c. foam fire
sprinkler system d. None of the above)
422. Are operationally identical to a deluge system, but the piping and
discharge nozzle spray patterns are designed to protect a uniquely configured
hazard, usually being three dimensional components or equipment (i.e., as
opposed to a deluge system, which is designed to cover the horizontal floor area
of a room). (a. Water sprays systems b.Deluge system c.Sprinkler system d.
None of the above)
423. Are used for special applications in which it is decided that creating a heat
absorbent vapor is the primary objective. This type of system is typically used
where water damage may be a concern, or where water supplies are limited.
(a.Sprinkler system b. Deluge system c. Water mist systems d. None of the
above)
424. The message (data and information) is communicated via the
signal(a.Signals b. Communications c. Transmission d. None of the above)
425. “carries” the signal(a.Transmission b.Communication c. Transmission
medium d. None of the above)
426. Anything that carries an electronic signal and interfaces between a
sending device and a receiving device (a.Signal b. Radio c. Telecommunication
medium d. None of the above)
427. In human speech, the sender transmits a signal through the transmission
medium of the air
428. In telecommunications, the sender transmits a signal through the
transmission medium of a cable
429. Relay signals between computer systems and transmission media(a
Telecommunication devices.b. Telecommunication radio c. Telecommunication
signals d. None of the above)
430. The communications media, devices, and software needed to connect two
or more computer systems and/or devices(a.Radio Network b. Communication
Network c Computer network.d. None of the above)
431. Insulated pairs of wires historically used in telephone service and to
connect computer devices(a.Rounded pair wire cable b. Singled pair wire cable c.
Twisted pair wire cable d. None of the above)
432. Consists of an inner conductor wire surrounded by insulation, called the
dielectric(a. Coaxial cable b.Shielded c.Transmitted d. None of the above)
433. Is surrounded by a conductive shield, which is surrounded by a non-
conductive jacket. Coaxial cable has better data transmission rate than twisted
pair (a.Shielded b. Dielectric c.Transmitted d. None of the above)
44
434. A type of wire that consists of a center wire surrounded by insulation and
then a grounded shield of braided wire. The shield minimizes electrical and radio
frequency interference. (a. Coaxial Cable b.Armoured cable c.Dielectric cable d.
None of the above)
435. Is the primary type of cabling used by the cable television industry and is
also widely used for computer networks. (a. Coaxial Lines b. Coaxial cabling
c.Electrical cabling d. None of the above)
436. Many extremely thin strands of glass or plastic bound together in a
sheathing which transmits signals with light beams(a. Wire b.Wire cable c. Fiber-
optic Cable d. None of the above)
437. A technology that uses glass (or plastic) threads (fibers) to transmit data.
A fiber optic cable consists of a bundle of glass threads, each of which is capable
of transmitting messages modulated onto light waves. (a.Wire cable b.Plastic
cable. Fiber-Optic Cable d. None of the above)
438. Are relay stations that receive signals from one earth station and
rebroadcast them to another(a. Radio satellites b.Signal satellites c.
Communications satellites d. None of the above)
439. Signals from cells are transmitted to a receiver and integrated into the
regular network (a. Communication transmission b. Signal transmission c.
Cellular transmission d. None of the above)
440. Modem Modulates a digital signal into an analog signal for transmission
via analog medium, then demodulates the signal into digital for receiving (a.
Modem b.Signal c.Analog d. None of the above)
441. These systems are used for special hazards where rapid fire spread is a
concern, as they provide a simultaneous application of water over the entire
hazard. They are sometimes installed in personnel egress paths or building
openings to slow travel of fire (e.g., openings in a fire-rated wall). (a.Sprinkler
system b. Deluge systems c.Water systems d. None of the above)
442. The amount of air required to completely replace the air in a room or a
building. (a.Air vent b. Air Change c. Air replacement d.None of the above)
443. Assembly of equipment for the simultaneous control of air temperature,
relative humidity, purity and motion. (a. Air assembly b. Air Conditioner c.Air
control d.None of the above)
444. Air distribution outlet or grille designed to direct airflow into desired
patterns. (a.Air grille b. Air distribution c. Air Diffuser d.None of the above)
445. The introduction of water into saturated air to increase its humidity ratio,
but without transfer of heat to or from an outside source and without gain or loss
of the heat content of the mixture. (a.Enthalphy b. Adiabatic Saturation
c.Humidity d.None of the above)
446. Refrigerant metering device operated by a low-side pressure of the
system. (a. Automatic expansion device b. Automatic extension valve c.
Automatic expansion valve d.None of the above)
45
447. A unit in which direct expansion, or hydraulic coils, is located downstream
of supply fan. Compare with pull-through unit. (a. Blow-through unit b. Air con
unit c.Hydraulic coil d.None of the above)
448. The standard of measurement used for measuring the amount of heat
required to raise the temperature of one pound of water by one degree
(Fahrenheit) (a. BTU b.Joule c.Calories d.None of the above)
449. A ratio which indicates the degree of saturation of air with water vapor,
expressed as the ratio of the partial pressure of the actual water vapor in a
mixture of, to the pressure of a saturated mixture at the same temperature. (a.
Humidity ratio Relative Humidity b. Relative ratio c. d.None of the above)
450. An instrument used to determine the moisture content of the air. It consists
of two thermometers, one of a standard type with a dry bulb and the other
furnished with a moistened bag or wick to keep its bulb continuously wet,
because the evaporation of moisture from the wick extracts a corresponding
amount of heat. The bulb is cooled and the wet bulb thermometer will indicate a
lower temperature than the dry-bulb thermometer. (a.Thermometer b.
Psychrometer c.Physiometer d.None of the above)
451. K factor means (a.Kinetic factor b.Passive factor c. Free of a grille d.None
of the above)
452. Change of state from a liquid to a solid or liquid to a vapor involves latent
that cannot be measured with a thermometer. (a. Latent Heat b.Evaporation
c.Liquifaction d.None of the above)
453. Refers to the efficiency of the heating mode of heat pumps over an entire
heating season. The higher the number, the more efficient the unit. (a.Heating
Seasonal Period Factor b.Heating Seasonal Performance Funds c. Heating
Seasonal Performance Factor d.None of the above)
454. The amount of heat gained, measured in BTU’s, from a space to be
conditioned, and the local summer outdoor design temperature and a specified
indoor design condition. (a.Heat gained b.Indoor heat c.Latent heat d.None of the
above)
455. The weight of the actual water vapor in a mixture per pound or dry air(a.
Humidity Ratio b.Humidity factor c. Water air ratio d.None of the above)
456. The part of an environment system which converts gas, oil, electricity or
other fuel into heat for distribution within the structure(a. Furnace b. Boiler c.
457. A device for the transfer of heat energy from the source to the conveying
medium. (a.Heat energy b. Heat source c. Heat exchanger d.None of the above)
458. A device for removing dust particles from air or unwanted elements from
liquid. (a.Dust remover b. Filter c.Duster d.None of the above)
46
459. As applied to air systems, the difference in temperature of the return air
and the heated air delivered. (a. Temperature rise b. Temperature drop c.
Temperature return d.None of the above)
460. The difference in temperature of the return air and the cooled air delivered.
(a. Temperature return b. Temperature rise c. Temperature rise d.None of the
above)
461. Heat content or total heat, including both sensible and latent heat. The
amount of heat contained in a refrigerant at any given temperature with reference
to 40-F. (a. Enthalpy b. Heat content c.Heat gained d.None of the above)
462. Absorbs heat from the surroundings air or liquid and move it outside the
refrigerate area by means of a refrigerant. (a. Evaporator b.Heat absorber
c.Condenserv d.None of the above)
463. A series or network of tubes filled with refrigerant located inside the home
that takes heat and moisture out of indoor air as liquid refrigerant evaporate.
(a.Evaporator tube b.Evaporator finned c. Evaporator Coil d.None of the above)
464. The number of Fahrenheit degrees that the average outdoor temperature
over a 24-hour period is less than 65 F. (a. Degree day b. Fahrenheit degrees
c.Centigrade day d.None of the above)
465. Is the removal of heat from indoor air for thermal comfort (a.Air comfort
b.Heat exchanger c. Air conditioning d. None of the above)
466. Is a home appliance, system, or mechanism designed to dehumidify and
extract heat from an area? The cooling is done using a simple refrigeration
cycle(a. Air dehumidification b. Air conditioning c.Dehumidifier d. None of the
above)
467. In construction, a complete system of heating, ventilation and air
conditioning is referred to as (a. HVAC b.CVAC c.CHVC d. None of the above)
468. is the most commonly used air conditioner for single rooms. (a.Window
panel aircon b. Window air conditioner c. Room airconditioner d. None of the
above)
469. Fitted outside the room, houses components like the compressor,
condenser and expansion valve. (a.The outside airconditioner b.The
condensation c. The outdoor unit d. None of the above)
470. Comprises the evaporator or cooling coil and the cooling fan. For this unit
you don’t have to make any slot in the wall of the room. (a. The indoor unit b. The
outside airconditioner c. The outdoor unit d. None of the above)
471. Is used for cooling big buildings, houses, offices, entire hotels, gyms,
movie theaters, factories etc. (a. Central system b. Packaged type AC c. Central
air conditioning system d. None of the above)
47
472. The transports the refrigerant at the required pressure through the air
conditioning system. (a. Compressor b.Condenser c.Evaporator d. None of the
above)
473. The refrigerant gives up its heat generated by the Compressor by passing
cold air across its fins and tubes by ram air or by an extra fan. (a.Compressor b.
Condenser c.Evaporator d. None of the above)
474. The receiver section holds the right amount of refrigerant required by the
system to ensure correct operation and to supply a steady flow of liquid
refrigerant to the Expansion Device. (a. Filter drier b.Filter c.Drier d. None of the
above)
475. Have an inlet and an outlet which separates the high side of the system
from the low side. (a.Expansion inlet b.Expansion outlet c. Expansion Device's d.
None of the above)
476. Is the form of heat energy which is most commonly understood because it
is sensed by touch or measured directly with a thermometer. (a. Sensible heat b.
c. d. None of the above)
477. Latent heat cannot be sensed by touch or measured with a (a.
thermometer b.Thermo heat c. Psychrometer d. None of the above)
478. Moisture in the air is called (a.Air moisture b.Humidity c.Heat d. None of
the above)
479. Is also a form of latent heat? (a. Humidity b. Air content c. Air moisture d.
None of the above)
480. Are substances used by air conditioners to transfer heat and create a
cooling effect? (a.Condenser b. Refrigerants c.Freon d. None of the above)
481. HCFC stands for (a.Hydro carbon b. Hydro chlorofluorocarbon c. Hydro
chlorofluoridecarbon d. None of the above)
482. Are small freight elevators or lifts not intended to carry people or live
animals, but objects? (a. Dumbwaiters b.Elevator c.Freight elevator d. None of
the above)
483. Are hand operated. A movable frame in a shaft, dropped by a rope on a
pulley, guided by rails. (a.Dumbwaiter b.Mechanical elevator c. Manual
Dumbwaiters d. None of the above)
484. Are pushbutton operated. Typical control is "Full Call and Send"; this
means that at each landing served by the dumbwaiter there is a bank of
pushbuttons representing each of the landings served. (a. Electric dumbwaiters
b.Mechanical elevator c.Pushbutton elevator d. None of the above)
485. Can be used where machine rooms at the top are a constraint. (a.Machine
elevator b. Hydraulic Dumbwaiters c.Residential elevator d. None of the above)
48
486. Is a type of vertical transport equipment that efficiently moves people or
goods between floors (levels, decks) of a building, vessel or other structure? (a.
Elevator b. transport elevator c. vertical elevator d. None of the above)
487. Are generally powered by electric motors that either drive traction cables
or counterweight systems like a hoist, or pump hydraulic fluid to raise a
cylindrical piston like a jack. (a. Elevators b.Jack elevator c. Pnuematic elevator d.
None of the above)
488. Are typically larger and capable of carrying heavier loads than a
passenger elevator, generally from 2,300 to 4,500 kg. (a. Freight elevators
b.Passenger elevator c.Dumbwaiter d. None of the above)
489. Are used within buildings or areas with limited space (in lieu of ramps),
typically to move cars into the parking garage or manufacturer's storage.
(a.Building elevator b.Ramp elevator c. Vehicular elevators d. None of the
above)
490. On aircraft carriers, elevators carry aircraft between the flight deck and the
hangar deck for operations or repairs. (a. Building elevator b. Deck elevator c.
Aircraft Elevators d. None of the above)
491. A special type of elevator, a constantly moving chain of boxes. (a.
Paternoster b.Patermoster c.Special elevator d. None of the above)
492. They use an underground cylinder, are quite common for low level
buildings with 2-5 floors (sometimes but seldom up to 6-8 floors), and have
speeds of up to 200 feet/minute (1 meter/second). (a. Conventional hydraulic
elevators b. Vertical elevator c.Conventional elevator d. None of the above)
493. A conveyor transport device for carrying people between floors of a
building. The device consists of a motor-driven chain of individual, linked steps
that move up or down on tracks, allowing the step treads to remain horizontal.
(a.Elevator b. Escalator c.Ramp d. None of the above)
494. Is a slow moving conveyor mechanism that transports people, across a
horizontal or inclined plane, over a short to medium distance. (a. Moving walkway
b. Moving ramp c.Moving plane d. None of the above)
495. Wheelchair lift, also known as a (a. Platform lift b.Flatporm lift c.Lift d.
None of the above)
496. Is a powered device designed to raise a wheelchair and its occupant in
order to overcome a step or similar vertical barrier. (a. Lift b.Wheel chair barrier c.
wheelchair lift d. None of the above)
497. Are specialized lifts, typically powered by hydraulics, that are used to lift
entire sections of a theater stage. The orchestra lift is powerful enough to raise
an entire orchestra, or an entire cast of performers(a.Performers lift b. Stage and
orchestra lifts c.Stage lift d. None of the above)
49
498. Is a type of platform which can usually only move vertically. The
mechanism to achieve this is the use of linked, folding supports in a criss-cross
'X' pattern, known as a pantograph. (a. scissor lift b.X lift c.Knife lift d. None of
the above)
499. A channel down which falling materials are guided. (a. Chutes b. Down
pipes c. cranes d. None of the above)
500. Is a twist that is used to perform unmanageable human tasks at
comparatively high speed when compared to the human being. It performs hard
tasks and helps a person manually. (a.Chute b.Twister c. Hoist d. None of the
above
50
PLUMBING AND SANITARY FINAL EXAMINATION
b. The outlet should be higher than the inlet
c. Both inlet and outlet should be at the same elevation specifically at the upper
section of the trap
piping material?
d. Polyehtylene
3. When designing a septic tank, which of the following practices is not acceptable
in so far as standard trade practice and code requirement is concerned?
d. All of these
a. Plastic pipe
c. Concrete pipe
d. Cast iron pipe
health officials is the spread of disease caused by bacteria found in sewage.
What type bacteria are present in feces excreted by man and animals?
b. Salmonella
1
7. Which type of pump is commonly used to convey or remove storm or
underground water from a pit? The unit is submerged under the water with the
discharged connected above it and into the drain located at the street level.
a. Ejector pump
b. Turbine pump
c. Submersible pump
d. Jet pump
8. What kind of plastic fitting can be used to connect galvanized iron pipe to a
plastic pipe directly without the use of a coupling?
a. Union
b. Female adaptor
c. Male adaptor
d. Bushing
chamber?
a. 1 cu.m.
b. 2 cu.m.
c. 3 cu.m.
d. 4 cu.m.
a. Series 400
b. Series 600
c. Series 800
d. Series 1000
a. Cross linked
b. Extra
c. Alkoxy component
consultants. Which of the following sizes is not commercially available, hence,
pipes of this size are commonly substituted with a larger one?
a. ½ in.
b. ¾ in.
c. 1 ½ in.
d. 1 3/4 in.
2
13. Which among the following classes of galvanized pipes has the thickest wall
section?
a. Schedule 80
b. Schedule 60
c. Schedule 40
d. Schedule 10
of fixtures?
a. 4 urinals
c. 1 shower
a. Backpressure
c. Cross connection
d. All of these
a. Floor drain
b. Bidet
c. Water closet
d. All of these
plumbing?
d. None of these
a. Ball valve
b. Gate valve
c. Angle valve
d. Butterfly valve
pipe?
a. Screwed joint
b. Flared joint
d. Caulked joint
3
20. A cleanout is a fitting with a removable plate or plug placed along the drainage
line in order to allow access to its interior for cleaning and de-clogging. Which
type of cleanout is recommended for open-ceiling areas such as basement
parking?
a. Floor cleanout
b. Wall cleanout
c. Ceiling cleanout
d. Roof cleanout
a. Street tee
b. 90 degrees bend
c. Sanitary tee
d. Crow foot
b. length of pipe
d. all of these
system?
d. All of these
24. To provide ample amount of water to residences or any other establishment,
water of sufficient pressure must be provided by water utility company. What is
the recommended pressure range should utility company provide in order to
meet such requirement?
a. 15-29 psi
b. 30-45 psi
c. 46-60 psi
d. 61-80 psi
25. A pop-up waste is a device or a mechanism that can be operated in order to
prevent water from being drained when using the fixture. In what type of
plumbing fixture can a pop-up waste be installed?
a. Water closet
b. Urinal
c. Lavatory
d. Floor drain
4
26. A standard contraption provided by manufacturers in a faucet is the installation of
a sieve-like material at the orifice or outlet of a faucet. This device provides
smoother flow of water. What is this faucet contraption?
a. Nozzle screen
b. Filter screen
c. Aerator
d. Diverter
d. Constructed of non-absorbentmaterial
d. All of these
a. 10 mm
b. 13 mm
c. 19 mm
d. 25 mm
30. Plumbing fixtures are rated according to the amount of waste water it can
discharge per nuit time. What term is it referred to?
a. Plumbing unit
b. Flow rate
c. Fixture unit
d. Flow pressure
31. Which of the following terms denote gooseneck?
a. ½ S-trap
b. Bag trap
c. Full S trap
d. Drum trap
a. Water closet
b. Urinal
c. Lavatory
5
a. Backpressure
b. Evaporation
c. Capillary action
d. Leak
b. Cesspool
c. Septic tank
35. What is the recommended minimum size of water service pipe of a domestic
(house) structure?
a. 13 mm
b. 19mm
c. 25 mm
d. 32 mm
a. Manhole
b. Inlet and outlet
c. Airspace
d. All of these
and other appurtenances for bringing in water supply and removing wastes or
waterborne wastes. What is it?
a. Sanitary system
c. Plumbing
39. Which in the list is not a type of rigid plastic pipe?
b. Styrene rubber
c. Polybutylene
40. A stack is appropriately applicable to a vertical line of ____________.
a. Vent
6
b. Waste
c. Soil
d. All of these
a. Riser
b. Waste stack
c. Scum and sludge
a. Fixture drain
b. House drain
43. A yoke is a type of ventilation used as an inter-connection betweenwhat sections
or portions of plumbing system?
44. A water main is generally and appropriately installed ___________.
b. Under the house
45. In water treatment method, the process of removing some suspended matter
from water by simply allowing time and inactivity to settle heavier suspended
material. What is it?
a. Sedimentation
b. Filtration
c. Reverse osmosis
d. Aeration
a. Storm water
b. Black water
c. Grey water
d. Hard water
a. Individual vent
7
b. Circuit vent
c. Unit vent
d. Looped vent
48. In water supply system, what is the average daily consumption per capita of
water in residential or family dwelling unit? This value is used as a basis for
estimating water demand to obtain capacity of tank and its dimenstions.
b. Outside diameter
c. Wall thickness
distinguishes uPVC (unplasticized polyvinyl chloride) sanitary pipe from a CPVC
a. Wall thickness
b. Size
c. Color
d. Length
51. When servicing the water supply system of a group of fixtures it is necessary that
a valve had been installed before so that this valve can be turned off thereby
isolating this portion of the system from the rest without affecting the entire
system. What kind of valve is usually used as an isolation valve?
a. Stop and waste valve
b. Foot valve
c. Float valve
d. Gate valve
52. Arrange size of sanitary drainages pipes from smallest to largest. This system of
pipe arrangement is observed as a method of establishing which pie should be
the smallest and the largest relative to flow of sewage.
b. Horizontal branch, house drain, stack and fixture drain
8
toilet?
a. 32 mm diameter
b. 38mm diameter
c. 50mm diameter
d. 75mm diameter
55. In a cast iron or plastic sanitary drainage pipe, which part of such pipe receive
the end of another pipe?
a. Fitting
b. Spigot
c. Sleeve
d. Hub or bell
installation it is colored milky white and can be joined by heat fusion process.
What is this kind of pipe?
c. Polybutylene pipe
water hammering?
a. Check valve
c. Air cap chamber
d. Backwater preventor assembly
58. In medium to high rise buildings, a continuous recess on the wall or opening on
the floor through which vertical pipes and stacks to different floors of a building.
What do you call this opening?
a. Plumbing wall
b. Sleeve
c. Pipe chase
d. Pipe staff
9
59. It is a kind of valve used on water supply system that prevents reverse flow of
water inside it; a kind of backflow preventer. What is it?
a. Backwater valve
c. Vacuum breaker
d. Check valve
60. A type of water closet flushing design system characterized by its whirlpool-like
flushing action of water typically from a low-strung tank; tank has an all-water
surface inside the bowl and has a virtually silent flushing action; Model is
expensive.
a. Wahsdown
b. Siphon jet
c. Siphon vortex
d. Reverse trap
61. What type of water distribution system relies on air pressure as a means of
bringing water vertically upward through risers and horizontally through
branches; a pressure tank is provided and a water pump is installed directly on
top of the pressure tank?
a. Downfeed system
c. Upfeed system
62. What type of ventilation system is used to provide air circulation and prevents
backpressure or siphonage within the drainage system? It is characterized as
having pipes and fittings (usually wye branch, 1/8 bend and inverted wye)
connected between the soil of or waste stack and vent stack at every five branch
intervals.
b. Stack vent
c. Yoke vent
d. Branch vent
a. Reverse osmosis
b. Filtration
c. Desalination
d. Chlorination
b. Number of downspouts
10
c. Rate of rainfall
a. Series 1000
b. Series 800
c. Series 600
d. Series 400
66. In a typical two-chambered septic tank (digestive and leaching chamber), what is
a. 0.60 m.
b. 0.90 m.
c. 1.20 m.
d. 1.50 m.
semi-solid sewage that contain organic and biological materials or substance in a
septic tank?
a. Influent
b. Septage
c. Excreta
d. Effluent
result to backflow.
a. Siphonage
b. Cross connection
c. Capillary action
d. Backpressure
provided in every unit.
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
a. Spigot
b. Bell
c. Body
d. Flange
11
71. A vertical pipe that collects sewage from fixtures such as water closet, urinal,
wash basin, floor drain, etc. via horizontal branches.
a. Vent stack
b. Branch pipe
d. Branch interval
72. In a typical bathroom group, the term used to refer to a bathroom containing a
a. Quarter bath
b. Half bath
d. Full bath
system.
a. Valve
b. Appurtenance
c. Fixture
d. Fitting
a. Vent pipe
b. Waste pipe
c. Soil stack
d. Stack
deposition of excrement, such structure usually has a vault underneath in order
to collect waste matter directly from the user. This type of sewage disposal
system is considered insanitary.
a. Septic tank
b. Privy
c. Drainage pit
d. Privy vault
76. The abbreviation DWV stands for __________; a common term used in plumbing.
12
77. A term which refers to a means of access to the interior of sanitary or waste lines
for the purpose of de-clogging, cleaning or inspection; also referred to as access
eye or cleaning eye. What is it?
a. Plug
b. Water seal
c. Trap seal
d. Pipe seal
78. A water treatment process where some suspended matter from water is removed
by simply allowing time and inactivity thereby causing heavier suspended
particles to settle at the bottom of vessel or tank. What is this water treatment
process?
a. Coagulation
b. Aeration
c. Filtration
d. Sedimentation
79. A water supply pipe, 200m diameter or larger and embedded underground at
street side, provided by water utility company where local individual connections
are done. Tapping at this junction is within the jurisdiction of the utility company
hence, application for connection should be coursed through such agency.
c. Water main
80. That part of the drainage system that extends from the end of the building drain
and conveys its discharge to the public sewer, private sewer, individual sewage
disposal system, or other appropriate point of disposal.
a. Building sewer
81. A valve in which the flow of liquid is controlled by a rotating drilled bal that fits
tightly against a resilient (flexible) seat in the valve body.
a. Angle valve
b. Check valve
c. Float valve
d. Ball valve
fixtures which discharge into a common horizontal waster or soil branch.
a. Fixture gang
b. Battery fixtures
13
d. Fixture group
83. A vertical length of soil or waste stack at least eight feet in height (a storey
height), within which the horizontal branches from one storey or floor of the
building or structure are connected to the stack.
a. Fixture branch
b. Branch drain
c. Branch interval
connection to an adjacent vent stack at a point above the floor and higher than
the highest spill level of fixtures for preventing pressure changes in the stack.
a. Yoke vent
b. Circuit vent
c. Looped vent
d. Individual vent
85. What is the code prescribed slope of horizontal sanitary drainage pipes? Such
slope requirement is critical as it allow the smooth flow of liquid inside the pipe.
a. 1/8 in. per ft. (1%)
b. 1/4 in. per ft. (2%)
c. 1/2 in. per ft. (4%)
d. 1 in. per ft. (8%)
86. A kind of return bend of small-sized faucet, one end of which is about one foot
long and the other end is about three inches, commonly used as a faucet for
pantry sink and drinking fountain; also the lead connection between the water
service pipe and water main and also a word synonymous P-trap.
a. Spigot
b. Faucet
c. Tailpiece
d. Gooseneck
87. Trap seal may be lost in any of the following manner except:
a. Evaporation
b. Leak
c. Capillary action
d. Sedimentation
88. In a typical septic tank, what is its minimum number of chambers as required by
the code and health authority?
14
89. In sanitary system, a term which refers to the semi-liquid organic matter that
settles at the bottom of the septic tank; it consists of decomposed matter
resulting from anaerobic bacterial action.
a. Scum
b. Effluent
c. Sludge
d. Influent
91. In hydrology, it is a water bearing stratum of ground where water is accumulated
by percolation and absorption of water though a layer of permeable soil stratum.
a. Aquifer
b. Aqueduct
92. What is the minimum code requirement regarding from sewage from lavatory,
floor drains, sinks and fixtures having similar function?
a. 3.0 m.
b. 15.2 m.
c. 30.5 m.
d. 2.4 m.
93. A system of pies that collect discharge from sewage from lavatory, from floor
drains, sinks and fixtures having similar function.
maintain balanced atmospheric pressure within the system, thereby preventing
trap seal loss, backpressure, siphonage, backflow, retardation of flow and
ultimately material deterioration.
b. Ventilation system
15
solids from fluid by interposing a medium to flow fluid through which fluid can
pass but solids retained.
a. Absorption
b. Desalination
c. Sedimentation
d. Filtration
96. A kind of check valve used at the end of the suction line of a pump. It is designed
to prevent water from flowing back into the tank and causing priming problems.
a. Foot valve
b. Gate valve
c. Butterfly valve
d. Angle valve
97. A source of water which can be made by excavating, digging, boring or drilling
into ground for the purpose of obtaining water. Water obtained from this source is
accumulated in aquifers resulting from percolation and absorption though ground.
a. Well
b. River, stream, or lake
c. Precipitate
d. Surface run-off
98. A kind of sewer system where both sanitary waste and storm water are drained
into.
a. Sanitary sewer
b. Waste sewer
c. Storm sewer
99. What do you call a device used in fixtures for flushing? This device discharges a
pre-determined quantity of water to a fixture for flushing purposes nad is
a. Foot valve
c. Cleanout
d. Handhole
100. An opening in a piep used for the purpose of cleaning its interior, also for
inspection and declogging or removing debris inside pipe runs and stacks; it is
fitted with a removal plu or cap and usuallyplaced on slab or underneath slab.
a. Manhole
b. Appurtenance
c. Cleanout
16
UTILITIES
PLUMBING
QUESTION ANSWER KEY
1 A unit used for measuring the probable demand for water by a plumbing fixture unit
fixture, or the probable discharge of liquid waste from the fixture.
2 A fixture unit is equivalent to___ gallons per minute. 7-1/2
3 It is also equivalent to ___ cubic feet per minute. 1
Fixture unit of a:
4 Water closet 6 units
5 Slop sink 3 units
6 Residential sink 2-1/2 units
7 Floor drain 1 unit
8 Bathtub 2 units
9 Kitchen sink 2 units
10 Laundry tub 2 units
11 Roof drain 1 unit
12 Lavatory 1 unit
13 Shower bath 2 units
14 Hotel/public sink 2 units
Pipe sizes for water supply:

15 Sill cocks 1/2" diam.
16 Hot water boiler 1/2" diam.
17 Laundry trays 1/2" diam.
18 Bathtub 1/2" diam.
19 Lavatories 3/8" diam.
20 Water closet tank 3/8" diam.
21 Minimum size of water seal for each fixture trap? 2"

22 Maximum distance of vent from trap seal? 5 ft. horizontally
developed length
Materials used in Plumbing installations:

23 Conveniently installed for bldgs less than 25 storeys high. Cast Iron pipe
24 Made of alloy of cast iron & silicon, for laboratories/industries. Acid Resistant
cast iron pipe
25 Type of cast iron pipe usually used for bldg installation. SV type
26 Type of cast iron pipe used for underground installation. XV type
27 Type of pipe that has the same property as that of concrete. Asbestos pipe
28 Type of pipe recommended for house sewer & septic tank installation. Bituminous fiber
29 Made of alloy of zinc & copper. Brass pipe
Plumbing Ventilation
30 Value of atmospheric pressure at sea level. 65.47 newtons
Types of vents:
31 Also known as a back vent, which serves a single trap Individual vent
32 Portion of the soil stack above the highest installed fixture branch. Main soil & waste vent
33 Portion of the vent pipe system which ventilates two fixture traps. Unit vent
34 It eliminates minus & plus pressures. Relief vent
35 Installation common to barber shops & hospital surgical rooms. Looped vent
36 Used for underground public rest rooms. Utility vent
37 A conduit used to convey foul odor from fixture or room. Local vent
Scientific Terms used in water supply & heat systems

38 What will result if water at high speed is suddenly stopped or slowed? Water hammering
39 A column of water exerts a pressure of _______ regardless of
the diameter of the column. 0.43 psi
40 Pressure exerted by water at rest. Static pressure
41 Pressure forcing a steam of water gas/steam through an opening. Service pressure
42 Refers to the pressure range measured over a period of 24 hours. Normal pressure
43 Pressure over & above the manufacturer's rating that will overtax equip't. Excess pressure
44 Maximum or minimum pressures at w/c proper functioning can be
determined. Critical pressure
Valves:
45 A valve best suited for main supply lines & pump lines where operation
is very frequent. Gate valve
46 A valve actuated by a stem screw & hand wheel suited for installation
that calls for throttling. Globe valve
47 A valve where its main function is to check or prevent reversal of flow in
the line, principally used in industrial pipings. Check valve
48 A valve operating in the same manner of the globe valve, used in making
90 degree turn in a line, thus, reducing the number of joints. Angle valve
49 A valve located at the lower end of the pump and used mainly to prevent
loss of priming of the pump. Foot valve
50 A valve used on water systems, heating systems, compressed air lines &
other pipe lines with excessive pressure. Safety valve
51 Type of globe valve w/c has wide bearing surfaces, produces good
resistance to the cutting effect of scale, dirt & other foreign matters. Plug type disc valve
52 Type of globe valve w/c has a pressure tight bearing between the disc & Conventional
the seat, recommended for cold & any temperature service. disc valve
53 Type of globe valve used for different services such as oil, gasoline,
steam, hot or cold water, can be turned over or removed without Composition
removing the valve. disc valve
54 Type of gate valve w/c is used where the stem must be installed pointing Wedged shaped or
downward. tapered disc
55 Type of gate valve used in cold & sewage disposal installations, its parellel
faces drop in a vertical position & are forced apart by the disc spreader. Double disc valve
Water service fittings & devices:

56 It serves as a control stop for the water service, it also serves as a shut off
for disconnection of service. Corporation stop
57 Installed between the curb & the sidewalk line, functions as a control stop
for service between the cub & the building, a shut off for the building in
case the basement becomes flooded, a control valve in case the building
is not used in winter time. Curb stop
PLUMBING DEFINITIONS
58 A physical separation , which may be a low inlet into the indirect waste
receptor from the fixture, appliance or device indirectly connected. Airbreak
59 The flow of water or other liquids, mixture or substances into the distributing
pipes of a potable water supply from any source other than its intended source. Backflow
60 Backflow preventer. Check valve
61 Also known as an individual vent. Back vent
62 A type of pipe connection in which a ball-shaped end is held in a cup-like shell
and allows movement in every direction. Ball joint
63 A series of 2 or more similar adjacent fixtures. Battery of fixtures
64 The enlarged portion of a pipe to receive another end of a pipe. Bell or Hub
65 Synonymous with faucet, cock, tap, or plug. Bibb
66 A fixture used for washing the middle part of the body, aso called a "sitz" bath. Bidet
67 A pipe flange that is not drilled for bolt holes. Blank flange
68 A flange that closes the end of a pipe, no opening for the passage of liquid/gas. Blind flange
69 A controlled outlet of a pipeline to discharge liquid or detritus. Blow-off
70 Any part of the piping system other than a main, riser or stack. Branch
71 A horizontal vent connecting one or more individual vertical back vents with
the vent stack or stack vent. Branch vent
72 That part of the lowest horizontal piping of a drainage system w/c receives the
discharge from soil, waste & other drainage pipes inside the walls of the bldg
& conveys it to the building sewer beginning 0.6 meter outside the bldg wall. Building drain
73 That portion of an underground system, w/c cannot drain by gravity into the
building sewer. Building subdrain
74 Plugging an opening with oakum, lead or other materials that are pounded into
the annular space. Also, the material pounded into the annular opening. Caulking
75 A fitting, screwed or caulked over the end of a pipe for closing the pipe end. Cap
76 A fitting that is inside threaded , used to join outside threaded pipes. Coupling
77 A fitting that is threaded all throughout. Close nipple
78 A fitting used for closing an end of an inside threaded pipe. Plug
79 A fitting used for common vents. Double sanitary wye
80 A device designed & installed to separate & retain deleterious, hazardous or
undesirable matters from normal wastes & permits normal sewage or liquid Clarifier or
wastes to discharge into the disposal terminal by gravity. interceptor
81 An arrangement of venting so installed that one vent pipe will serve 2 traps. Common vent
82 A vertical pipe to convey rainwater. Conductor/downspout
83 A pipe fitting w/ adjacent reverse bends & shaped like the letter "S". Double-bend fitting
84 A metallic sleeve, caulked or joined to an opening in a pipe, into which a plug is
screwed that can be removed for cleaning or examining the interior of a pipe. Ferrule
85 An interceptor of at least 3 cubic meters capacity to serve one or more fixtures
and which is remotely located. Grease interceptor
86 A device designed to retain grease from one to a minimum of four fixtures. Grease trap
87 Any and all liquid or water-borne wastes from industrial or commercial
processes, except domestic sewage. Industrial waste
88 A condition contrary to sanitary principles or injurious to health. Insanitary
89 The lowest portion of the interior part of any pipe or conduit that is not vertical Invert
90 A cesspool that is not watertight. Leaching cesspool
91 Water satisfactory for drinking, culinary and domestic purposes. Potable water
92 An outhouse or structure used for the deposition of excrement. Privy
93 A pit beneath a privy where excrement collects. Privy vault
94 Also known as a back vent. Revent pipe
95 The vertical distance between the dip & the crown weir of a trap. Seal
96 A watertight receptacle which receives the discharge odf a sanitary plumbing
system or part thereof, to retain solids, digest organic matter through a period of
detention & to allow the liquids to discharge into the soil outside of the tank. Septic tank
97 Also known as a backflow preventer. Vacuum breaker
98 Any pipe or fitting installed in such a way that it forms an angle of not more than
forty-five (45) degrees with the vertical line. Vertical pipe
99 Normal water pressure is measured at ____. 80 psi
100 High water pressure is measured at ____. 160 psi
ELECTRICAL
QUESTION ANSWER KEY
Definition of terms:
1 An electric phenomena, manifestations. Electricity
2 An electric path composed of a conductor, or of several conductors &
conducting electric devices joined together through w/c an electric current flows
when the path is complete & an EMF is applied. Electric circuit
3 The force w/c causes the movement of electricity in a conductor. Electromotive force
4 A circuit connected to form a continuous path from the source of
current back to the same point. Closed circuit
5 A circuit in which conducting elements are disconnected as to prevent
the flow of electricity. Open circuit
6 A condition resulting from bridging any part of a circuit w/ a conductor of a very
low resistance. Short circuit
7 The basic unit of electric current. Amperes
8 The flow of electric current in a circuit. Amperage
9 The current carrying capacity of a wire or cable expressed in amperes. Ampacity
10 When a circuit is divided into two or more branches, each branch transmitting
part of the current. The conductor of each branch taken separately. Shunt
11 Ohm's Law is formulated by ___________? George Simon Ohm
12 Formula for Ohm's Law? I (current flow) =
V (EMF)/R (resistance)
13 Unit of EMF, measure of the pressure or force w/c keeps electricity in motion. Voltage
14 Measure of the power consumed. Watt
15 A machine that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. Generator
16 A machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. Motor
17 An overcurrent protective device consisting of a metal strip, ribbon or wire w/c
is designed to open an electric circuit. Fuse
18 A cable provided with a metal wrapping usually steel wires or tapes, for the
purposes of mechanical protection. Armored cable
19 A surge of unidirectional polarity. Impulse
20 A cable designed for service underwater. Submarine cable
21 A luminous discharge due to ionization of the air surrounding a conductor
caused voltage of gradient. Corona
Types of Cables:
22 A fabricated assembly of insulated conductors enclosed in flexible metal sheath. Armored cable (AC)
23 A factory assembled cable of one or more conductors each individually insulated
& enclosed in a metal sheath of interlocking tape of a smooth or corrugated tube Metal clad cable (MC)
24 A factory assembled of one or more conductors insulated w/ a highly
compressed refractory mineral insulation enclosed in a liquid & gas tight
continuous copper sheath. Used for servicce feeders or branch circuit. Mineral Insulated (MI)
25 A factory assembled 2 or more insulated conductors, used specifically for one Non-metallic
or two famliy dwellings not exceeding 3 storey buildings. Sheathed Cable (NM)
26 A moisture resistant cable used for underground connections including direct Underground Feeder &
burial in the ground as feeder or branch circuit. Branch Circuit (UF)
27 A factory assembled 2 or more insulated conductors w/ or w/o associated bare
or covered grounding under a metallic sheath. Used for installation in cable Power and Control
trays, raceways. Tray Cable (TC)
28 Used for general purpose such as appliance branch circuits. Flat Conductor
Cable (FCC)
29 An assembly of parallel conductors formed integrally with an insulating materia Flat Cable
web designed specifically for field installation in metal surface or raceways. Assemblies (FC)
30 This type of cable is used in hazardous locations & in cable trays or in raceways. Shielded Non-Metallic
Sheathed Cable (SNM)
Electrical & Mechanical terms:

31 The heat production expressed as calories per square meter of body surface. Metabolism
32 Exposing a substance, or area to air circulation Aeration
33 Device for measuring quality (of moisture content) of steam or other vapor. Calorimeter
34 Any absorbent or absorber liquid or solid that will remove waste or water vapor
from a material. Desiccant
35 Transfer of heat by motion of the particles of the heated substance itself. Convection
MECHANICAL
QUESTION ANSWER KEY
1 A piping system that contains water under pressure at all times for immediate
release through sprinklers. Wet pipe system
2 A piping system that contains air (may be nitrogen) under pressure, used where
piping is subject to freezing. Dry pipe system
3 A standpipe system used by firefighters to connect hoses to buildings. Dry standpipe
4 A standpipe system where pipes are filled with water permanently connected to
public/private water mains. Wet standpipe
Kinds of pump:
5 Most common type of pump 250 GPM min. capacity single or muti-stage. Horizontal split
case pump
6 Pump used to minimize wear on the fire pump resulting from unnecessary
operations. Jockey pump
7 A pump consisting of a piston travelling up & down w/ in a cylinder w/c is
connected w/ a pipe down the source, it is manually operated. Lift pump
8 Used to deliver water at a point higher than the position of the pump itself. Force pump
9 A pump possessing moving parts (impellar & blades) w/ valves revolving
around an axis. Centrifugal pump
10 Includes all pumps in w/c the piston moves either horizontal or vertical. Reciprocating pump
Refrigeration & Air-conditioning:

11 Temperature of air for cooling. 64 F - 74 F
12 Air movement w/ in living zone. 4.57 - 7.60 MPM
13 Minimum height above FFL of a refrigerant piping crossing a passageway in a
building. 2.30 mts.
14 Height of a window type ACU from ground level. 2.13 mts.
15 1 ton of refrigeration (TR) 12,000 BTU/hr.
16 1 HP/hr. 2,544 BTU
17 1 KWhr. 3,413 BTU
18 1 person seated at rest 330 BTU (ave.)
Conveying systems:
19 Escalator speed in actual practice. 125 FPM
20 Minimum speed for escalator. 90 FPM
21 Maximum speed for escalator. 120 FPM
22 Minimum width for an escalator. 0.80 m.
23 Maximum width for an escalator. 1.20 m.
24 Minimum thread width for an escalator. 0.60 m.
25 Maximum thread width for an escalator. 1.00 m.
26 Thread depth for an escalator. 0.40 m.
27 Thread rise for an escalator. 0.20 m.
28 Maximum horizontal inclination of a moving walk. 5 degrees
29 Maximum verical inclination of a moving ramp. 15 degrees
30 Registers calls & governs response of elevator (s) to them. Control panel
31 Are fastened to car frame & counter weight at top & bottom. Guide shoes
32 That portion of a hoistway extending below the level of the bottom landing to
provide for over-travel & clearance & for parts w/c require space below the
bottom limit of car travel. Pit
33 A device to absorb impact of car or counterweight at the lower limits of travel. Suffer
It stops car & if required, counterweight in case of emergency by actuating
safety. Governor
34 Gives stability in governor ropes. Tension sheave
35 Central column where the steps of a circular staircase wind. Newel
LIGHTING & ACOUSTICS

QUESTION ANSWER KEY
1 Unit of luminous intensity. Candela or candlepower
2 Unit of luminous flux or quantity of light. Lumen
3 Unit used to measure the density of luminous flux. Footcandle (fc)
4 It produces discomfort & interference of vision. Glare
5 Unit of luminaire or brightness. Foot lambert
Light levels:
6 Casual visual tasks, card playing, conversation, television, listening to music. 10-20 fc
7 Easy reading, sewing, knitting, house cleaning. 20-30 fc
8 Reading newspapers, doing kitchen & laundry work, typing. 30-50 fc
9 Prolonged reading, machine sewing, hobbies, homework. 50-70 fc
10 prolonged detailed tasks such as fine sewing, reading fine print, drafting. 70-200 fc
Acoustics terminologies:
11 A physical disturbance (cyclic motion) in the atmosphere when the sound
12 generated by vibrating objects or alteration or pulsation of pressure capable of
being detected by ear. Sound
13 Formula for coefficient of absortion. Ia (absorbed energy)/
Ii (incident energy)
14 Delayed reflection of sound w/c is heard a fraction of a second after the direction
sound, relative to time & distance. Echo
15 Repetition of reflected sound due to parallel walls. Flutter
16 A reflection of sound along a curved surface from a source near the surface. Creep
17 The simplest kind of sound because it is composed entirely of sound waves of a
single frequency. Pure tone
The magnitude of sound:

18 Expressed in watts, describes the energy of the sound source. Sound power (W)
19 A dimensionless unit for expressing the ratio of two numerical values on a
logarithmic scale. Decibels (db)
20 The designation in decibels of the ratio of two sound powers. Sound power level (PWL)
21 The fraction of incident sound energy that is absorbed by a surface. Sound-absorption
coefficient
22 The arithmetic average of the absorption coefficients at 250, 500, 1000, 2000 & Noise Reduction
4000 cycles per second (cps). Coefficient (NRC)
23 A room characterized by large amounts of absorption. Dead room
24 A room characterized by very small amounts of absorption. Live room
25 The persistence of sound. Reverberation
PLUMBING Part II
QUESTION ANSWER KEY
Minimum sizes of traps & cleanouts:
1 Bathtubs 1-1/2" diam.
2 Bath shower 2" diam.
3 Sitz bath 1-1/2" diam.
4 Foot bath 1-1/2" diam.
5 Bidet 1-1/2" diam.
6 Combination fixture 1-1/2" diam.
7 Floor drains 2" diam.
8 Fountain cupsidor 1-1/4" diam.
9 Sink, large hotel or public 2" diam.
10 Sink, dishwasher 1-1/4" diam.
11 Sink, slop w/ trap combined 3" diam.
12 Laundry trays 1-1/2" diam.
13 Sink, kitchen residence 1-1/2" diam.
14 Sink, pantry or bar 1-1/4" diam.
15 Sink, hotel for public 2" diam.
16 Sink, slopsink, ordinary 2" diam.
17 Urinal, lip 1-1/2" diam.
18 Urinal, through 2" diam.
19 Urinal, pedestal 3" diam.
20 Urinal, stall 2" diam.
21 Wash basin 1-1/4" diam.
22 Water closet 3" diam.
Color coding of pipings:

Steam division
1 high pressure white
2 exhaust system buff
Water division
3 fresh water, low pressure blue
4 fresh water, high pressure blue
5 saltwater piping green
Oil division
6 delivery brass/bronze
7 discharge yellow
Pneumatic division
8 all piping gray
Gas division
9 all piping black
Fuel Oil division
10 all piping black
Refrigerating division
11 pipes black
12 fittings black
FIRE CODE GLOSSARY

QUESTION ANSWER KEY
1 Any act that would remove or neutralize a fire hazard. Abatement
2 Any material or mixture consisting of a fuel & oxidizer used to set off explosives Blasting agent
3 Any liquid having a flash point at or above 37.8 deg. C (100 deg. F) Combustible liquid
4 Any liquid w/c causes fire when in contact w/ organic matter or w/ certain chemicals. Corrosive liquid
5 A vertical panel of non-combustible or fire resistive materials attached to &
extending below the bottom chord of the roof trusses, to divide the underside of
the roof into separate compartments so that heat & smoke will be directed
upwards to a roof vent. Curtain board
6 Descriptive of any material w/c by its nature or as a result of its reaction w/ other
elements produces a rapid drop in temperature of the immediate surroundings. Cryogenic
7 A normally open device installed inside an air duct system w/c automatically
closes to restrict the passage of smoke or fire. Damper
8 An exteremely hot luminous bridge formed by the passage of an electric current
across a space between two conductors or terminals due to the incandescence
of the conducting vapor. Electric arc
9 A hot piece or lump that remains after a material has partially burned, and is still
oxidizing w/o the manifestation of flames. Ember
10 The portion of a roadway or public waythat should be kept opened &
unobstructed at all times for the expedient operations of fire fighting units. Fire lane
11 The minimum temperature at w/c any material give off vapor in sufficient concen-
tration to form an ignitable mixture w/ air. Flash point
12 A process where a piece of metal is heated prior to changing its shape or
dimensions. Forging
13 A kind of stable explosive compound w/c explodes by percussion. Fulminate
14 A rocket or liquid propellant w/c consist of combinations of fuels & oxidizers
w/c ignite spontaneously on contact w/ each other. Hypergolic fuel
15 A piece of metal or an electrical conductor used to bypass a safety device in an
electrical system. Jumper
16 A strong oxidizing organic compound w/c releases oxygen readily. Organic peroxide
17 Descriptive of any substance that ignites spontaneously when exposed to air. Pyrophonic
18 Melting or fusing of metallic ores or compounds so as to separate impurities
from pure metals. Smelting
PLUMBING
MINIMUM PLUMBING FACILITIES

Type of building Water Closets Urinals Lavatories Bathtubs or Showers Drinking
or occupancy (fixtures per person) (fixtures per person) (fixtures per person) fountains
Dwellings
a) Single dwelling 1 per dwelling 1 per dwelling 1 per dwelling
b) Multiple dwelling or 1 per dwelling or 1 per dwelling or 1 per dwelling or
department apartment unit apartment unit apartment unit
Schools
a) Elementary Male Female Male Female
1:1-20 1:1-20 1:1-150 1:1-25
2:21-50 2:21-50 2:26-50 2:26-50
over 50, add 1 fixture for over 50, add 1 fixture for
each additional 50 persons 1 per 75 each additional 50 persons 1 per 75
b) Secondary Male Female Male Female

1 per 30 1 per 25 1 per 35 1 per 35 1 per 35 1 per 75
c) Colleges, Universities,
Adult centers, etc. Male Female Male Female
1 per 40 1 per 30 1 per 35 1 per 40 1 per 30 1 per 75
Office or Public
Buildings Male Female 1:1-100 Male Female
1:1-100 1:1-200 2:101-200 1:1-200 1:1-200
2:101-200 2:201-400 3:201-400 2:201-400 2:201-400
3:201-400 3:401-750 4:401-600 3:401-750 3:401-750
over 55, add 1 fixture for over 600, over 750, add 1 fixture for
each additional 500 males add 1 per each additional 500
and 2 for each 55 females each addt'l persons
300 males 1 per 75
Office or Public
Buildings (for employee Male Female 0:1-9 Male Female
use) 1:1-15 1:1-15 1:10-50 1 per 40 1 per 40
2:16-35 2:16-35 add 1 fixture
3:36-55 3:36-55 per each
over 55, add 1 fixture for additional
each additional 40 persons 50 males 1 per 75
Assembly places -
Theaters & Auditoriums Male Female Male Female
(for public use) 1:1-100 3:1-50 1:1-100 1:1-200 1:1-200
2:101-200 4:51-100 2:101-200 2:201-400 2:201-400
3:201-400 8:101-200 3:201-400 3:401-750 3:401-750
11:201-400 4:401-600
over 400, add 1 fixture per over 600, add over 750, add 1 fixture for
each addt'l 500 males & 2 1 fixture per each additional 500
per each 300 females. each addt'l persons
500 males 1 per 75
Dormitories -
School or Labor Male Female 1 per 25 Male Female
1 per 10 1 per 8 over 150, add 1 1 per 12 1 per 12 1 per 8
add 1 fixture for each addt'l fixture for eachover 150, add 1 fixture for
25 males (over 10) & 1 for additional 50 each addt'l 20 males & 1 for
each addt'l 20 females (over 8) males for each 15 addt'l females
Industrial & Commercial Male Female Male Female 1 shower for each 15
1:1-10 1:1-10 up to 100, 1 per 10 persons persons exposed to
2:11-25 2:11-25 excessive heat or to
3:26-50 3:26-50 over 100, 1 per 15 persons skin contamination
4:51-75 4:51-75 with poisonous,
5:76-100 5:76-100 infectious, or irritating
over 100, add 1 fixture for material
each additional 30 persons 1 per 75
Acoustics
What is a repetitious reflective sound due to parallel walls?
a. echo – delayed sound heard a fraction of a second after the direction of sound is heard
b. flutter
c. noise – unpleasant or unwanted sound
What is the study of reactions of humans to audible sound?

a. psycho acoustics
b. environmental acoustics – study of effects on environment upon audible sound
c. electro acoustics – study of sound generated by equipment
What is the distance between two similar points in succession waves traveling in one cycle?
a. sound – a sensation felt by the brain resulting from the distance of molecules in the air
b. frequency – rate of repetition of a periodic phenomenon
c. wavelength
What is the amount of sound energy produced by the source?

a. magnitude
b. decibel – unit of loudness of sound
c. velocity – at speed of sound normal temperature and pressure
What is the reflected sound that gathers in a central portion of the room?
a. dead room – one characterized by large amounts of absorption
b. live room – characterized by very small amounts of absorption
c. sound foci
What is the persistence of sound after the source of sound has stopped?
a. reverberation
b. resonance – state existing in a system which is set into oscillation
c. pure tone – simplest kind of sound composed entirely of sound waves of a single frequency
Electrical
What is a utilization equipment which is generally industrial built in?
a. alternator – a generator of alternating current
b. ammeter – device used to measure rate of flow of electricity
c. appliances
d. capacitor – device for storing electric energy
What is a surface, material, device, or object that scatters light or sound from a source?
a. dimmer – controls intensity of light
b. diffuser
c. rectifier – device used to transform AC to DC
d. illumeter – device that indicates light intensity in Footcandle
What is a flexible armored conduit used to encase electrical wiring?

a. regulator – controls the flow of current to the distribution elements
b. entrance cap – cap that receives the service drop
c. utility box – box used for maintaining light control devices
d. greenfield
What is an electromagnetic force flowing between the positive and negative terminals?
a. flux
b. voltage – electromotive force
c. phase – number of AC that flow in a conductor
d. watt – rate or measure of power used or consumed
What is an electric device having a resistance which can be adjusted?

a. regulator – controls the flow of current to the distribution elements
b. ohmmeter – instrument used to measure the resistance of a conductor
c. rheostat
d. insulator – materials that resist the flow of electric current
What is the unit for quantity of electricity?

a. ohm – unit of resistance
b. coulomb
c. volts – unit of electromotive force
d. candela – unit of candlepower
Furniture Design
What do you call the study that deals with human measurements?
a. anthropometrics
b. ergonometrics – deals with space planning in relationship with man’s activities
c. ergonomics – human factor engineering
d. carpentry – is a process by which woodworks are manufactured and produced
Which Philippine furniture is specifically designed for giving birth?

a. kapiya – is a modified church pew
b. comoda – is an exquisite chest drawers
c. butaca
d. gallinera – is a wooden sofa that features a cabinet compartment below the seat
Which Philippine furniture is usually used to store pillows and mats?

a. almario
b. aparador – refers to a wardrobe with mirror attached to the door
c. paminggalan – is used to store food and utensils
d. diban – is a daybed
What is escritoire?
a. arm chair with closed arms – is called bergere
b. a writing desk
c. hanging or standing shelves – is called the etagere
d. crowning ornament on furniture – is called finial
Who designed the “Barcelona Chair”?

a. Le Corbusier – designed the adjustable chaise lounge
b. Alvar Aalto – designed the cantilevered chair
c. Ludwig Mies van de Rohe
d. Marcel Bruer – designed the cesca cantilevered chair
It is a chair made of molded fiberglass rest on a cast aluminum pedestal

a. tulip chair
b. chaise – is made of nylon stretch fabric over urethane foam
c. ribbon chair – is made of tubular steel frame cobered with rubber webbing and pre-foamed latex foam
d. gyro chair – is made of reinforced molded fiberglass
Materials and resources

In fabric construction, what kind of weave requires an intricate series of hole-punched cards that tell the machine
which threads to drop?
a. twill weaves – are those in which 2 or more thread pass over or under set of threads, skipping at regular
intervals to produce irregular effect
b. pile weaves – are produced by loops of tuffs of yarn that stand out from the surface of the fabric
c. satin weave – has a few interlacing and long floats
d. jacquard weave
In general finishes, what do you call the finishing process applied to fabrics for the purpose of removing fuzz of
protruding fibers?
a. gassing
b. beetling – is the process of closing the weave and creating a heavy and compact appearance
c. crabbing – is a wool finishing process to prevent creases of other forms of uneven shrinkage in later
stages of finishing
d. fulling – is a finish applied to wool fabrics, it is a pre-shrinking process
In special finishes, what do you call the finish that is given to loosely constructed fabric or fabric with low thread
count?
a. slip-resistant finish
b. napping – is a mechanical finish of subjecting the surface of a fabric to a brushing process to raise the
fiber ends
c. antiseptic finish – is a chemical treatment designed to make a fabric bacteria resistant
d. drip-dry finish – also known as wash and wear, it dries smoothly and need a little or no ironing after
washing
In fabric design, it is a kind of applied design in which the block is pressed down firmly by hand on the fabric until
the color and design are transferred.
a. roller printing – is a machine counterpart of block printing, designs are engraved on rollers
b. stencil painting – is method of fabric painting in which the design is cut on a cardboard wood or metal
then color is applied, penetrating only the cut portions
c. block printing
d. discharge printing – is another method of fabric design wherein the color is removed from the fabric
using chemicals, thus, creating design
It is a kind of shade that consist of two rows of lightweight fabric seamed to fall into deep scallops.
a. roman shades – have a flat surface when extended down, drawn upward by a cord and the surface
overlaps in horizontal folds
b. pleated fabric shades – are factory manufactured and can be insulated, also called accordion shades
c. honeycombed shades – have smaller pleats and are usually made of a heavy polyester fabric
d. Austrian shades
What do you call the horizontal bars separating the glass pane?
a. casing – is the fittings into the wall
b. mullions
c. frame – is the wide molding covering the casing and the framing
d. muntins – are the vertical bars separating the glass pane
Mechanical
What is also known as a synthetic chemical refrigerant?
a. ammonia – gas used as refrigerant with water
b. freon
c. plenum – an air compartment or chamber
d. effluent – liquid which is discharged as a waste
A material which stops the transfer of heat is also known as?

a. humidifier – device used only to add humidity in the air
b. conduction – heat is transferred through materials
c. insulation
d. evaporator – a process which refrigerant from liquid to gas
What is a cooling or heating element which is made of pipe or tubing?

a. damper – device used to vary the volume of air passing a duct
b. coil
c. freon – synthetic chemical refrigerant
d. relay – device to control the thermostat
It is a platform or car for hoisting or lowering passenger or freight.

a. governor – stops car and grips counterweight in case of emergency
b. sprocket assembly – where the endless belt of steps pass around during operation of an escalator
c. elevator
d. relay – device to control the thermostat
What is a closed vessel in which liquid is heated or vaporized?

a. closed nipple – pipe fitting with outside threads use for connecting pipes
b. condenser – vessel where vapor is liquefied by removal of heat
c. damper – device used to vary the volume of air passing aduct
d. boiler
It consists of DC motors and the shaft of which is connected directly to the brake wheel and driving sheave.
a. gearless traction
b. hydronics – the art and practice of heating and cooling with water
c. governor – stops car and grips counterweight in case of emergency
d. hoistropes – steel wires used to compensate cars and counterweights
Sanitary
The receptacle in which liquid is retained for deposition of sediment is called?
a. drain – pipe for wastewater
b. dip - lowest portion of a trap
c. catch basin
d. effluent – liquid waste
These are vertical pipes which receive discharge from water closets.
a. standpipe – vertical pipe used for the storage of water
b. septic tank – receptacle for organic discharge
c. sludge – accumulated or settled solid waste
d. soil stack
It is a loud thumping noise that results from a sudden stoppage of the flow in water lines.
a. back siphonage – backflow due to negative pressure
b. water hammer
c. escutcheon – a flange used on a pipe to cover a hole
d. spigot – end of a pipe that fits into a bell
What do you call a vertical pipe installed primarily for the purpose of providing circulation of air to and from any
part of the drainage system?
a. soil stack – vertical pipes which receive discharge from water closets
b. fumigant – gas, fume or vapor used for the destruction or control of insects
c. standpipe – vertical pipe used for the storage of water
d. vent stack
It automatically closes to prevent the flow of fluid in a reverse direction.

a. closed nipple – pipe fitting used for connecting pipes
b. check valve
c. cistern – reservoir for liquid
d. flush valve – valve for controlling the flushing of fixtures
It is the method of rendering a pipe fitting waterproof by using oakum or lead

a. caulking
b. disinfections – process of injecting chlorine gas into the water
c. escutcheon – a flange used on a pipe to cover a hole
d. fumigant – gas, fume or vapor used for the destruction or control of insects
Structural
What is known as the deformation in which parallel planes slide relative to each other so as to remain parallel?
a. fatigue – periodic reversal of stresses
b. shear
c. strain – elongation of material subject to axial force
d. deflection – deformation that accompanies bending of a beam
A column that is subjected to both direct axial stress and bending stress is known as?
a. equilibrium – state of a body in which the forces acting on it are equally balanced
b. cantilevered – projected beyond it supports
c. eccentrically loaded
d. long column – concrete column whose load capacity must be reduced, according to code requirements,
because of its slenderness
What is known as an imaginary line in a beam, shaft, or other bending, where there is no tension nor compression
and where no deformation takes place?
a. neutral axis
b. maximum moment – bending magnitude wherever the shear passes through zero
c. torque – the product of the force and lever arms which tends to twist the body
d. yield point – unit stress at which deformation increases without any increase in the load
Unit stress in a bar just before it breaks is called?

a. vertical shear – tendency of one part of a beam to move vertically with respect to an adjacent part
b. ultimate strength
c. yield point – unit stress at which deformation increases without any increase in the load
d. working stress – in the design of structures, the maximum unit stress permitted under working loads by
codes and specifications
It is the tendency of a force to cause rotation about a given point or axis.

a. shear – a deformation in which parallel planes slide relative to each other so as to remain parallel
b. stiffness – ratio of the force applied to a structure to the corresponding displacement
c. moment
d. inertia – state of rest or motion
It is a method of concrete building construction in which floor (and roof) slabs are cast usually at ground level and
then raised into position by jacking.
a. lift slab
b. flatslab – concrete floor system which has no beam
c. cupping – distortion of the board in which the face convex or concave across the board
d. seasoning – kiln drying
MAPUA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, INDUSTRIAL DESIGN AND THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT
BUILDING UTILITIES REVIEWER
1. A type of water closet where the flushing action is started by a whirlpool motion followed by a complete flush down.
2. A plumbing fixture that is used for cleaning private parts.
a. Bidet b. lavatory c. water closet d. sink
3. These are used for control, isolation and repair of the water distribution system.
a. Control and valves b. pipes and fittings c. risers and fixture branches
4. Pipe fitting used in connecting male threaded pipes (threads are outside).
a. Nipple b. coupling c. union d. cap
5. Flowing back of used, contaminated or polluted water from a plumbing fixture or vessel into a water supply pipe due
to a negative pressure in such pipe
a. Back siphonage b. siphonage c. backflow d. reversal of flow
6. Pipe that conveys only waste water or liquid waste free of fecal matter.
a. Soil pipe b. vent pipe c. waste pipe d. waste stack
7. Used for ensuring the circulation of air in a plumbing system and for relieving the negative pressure exerted on trap
seals.
a. Vent pipe b. waste pipe c. soil pipe d. vent stack
8. A fitting or device designed and constructed to provide, when properly vented, a liquid seal which prevents the
backflow of foul air or methane gas without materially affecting the flow of sewage or wastewater through it.
a. Fitting b. coupling c. trap d. ventilation
9. The vertical main of a system of soil, waste or vent pipings extending through one or more stories and extended thru
the roof.
a. Riser b. stack c. stock d. drainage pipe
10. Part of the lowest horizontal piping of a plumbing system which receives the discharges from the soil, waste and
other drainage pipes inside of a building and conveys it to the house sewer outside of the building.
11. Extends from the house drain at a point 0.60 meters from the outside face of the foundation wall of a building to the
junction with the street sewer or to any point of discharge, and conveying the drainage of one building site.
12. A device designed and installed to separate and retain deleterious, hazardous or undesirable matters from normal
wastes and permits normal sewage or liquid wastes to discharge into the disposal terminal by gravity.
a. Grease trap b. trap c. interceptor c. separator
13. Portion of the drainage pipe installation intended to maintain a balanced atmospheric pressure inside the system.
a. Siphonage b. ventilation c. atmospheric balance d. trap
15. The vertical vent pipe installed primarily for providing circulation of air to and from any part of the soil, waste of the
drainage system.
16. The uppermost end of vent stack above the roof has traditionally been referred to as
a. Vent stack through roof b. vent stack above the roof
17. Pipe that does not connect directly with the drainage system but conveys liquid wastes by discharging into a
plumbing fixture, interceptor or receptacle directly connected to the drainage system.
a. Direct waste pipe b. indirect waste pipe c. indirect soil pipe
18. Used in house drain to prevent the unlikely occurrence of back flows.
a. Angle valve b. gate valve c. backflow valve d. globe valve
19. Pumps the wastes up from the sump pit to the sewers (which are usually higher than basement levels)
a. Sewage ejectors b. sewage lifter c. sewage suction d. sewage catcher
20. Used for fixtures where grease may be introduced into the drainage or sewer system in quantities that can effect
line stoppage or hinder sewage treatment or private sewage disposal.
a. Grease trap b. grease interceptor c. grease catcher d. grease magnet
21. Direct effect of the Minus & Plus Pressure inside the system due to inadequate ventilation of traps
a. Siphonage b. trap seal loss c. trap seal d. atmospheric loss
22. That portion of a vent pipe through which wastewater also flows through.
23. A vent that does not carry liquid or water-borne wastes.
24. A vertical vent connection on a horizontal soil or waste pipe branch at a point downstream of the last fixture
connection and turning to a horizontal line above the highest overflow level of the highest fixture connected there.
Used in spaces without partitions.
25. A group vent pipe which starts in front of the extreme (highest) fixture connection on a horizontal branch and
connects to the vent stack.
26. A vertical vent line that provides additional circulation of air between the drainage and vent systems or to act as an
auxiliary vent on a specially designed system such as a “yoke vent” connection between the soil and vent stacks.
27. An arrangement of venting so installed that one vent pipe serve two (2) traps.
a. Unit vent b. double vent c. two vent d. looped vent
28. A pipe fitting containing a removable plug that provides access for repair or inspection of a pipe.
a. Manhole b. cleanout c. trap d. cap
29. The principal artery of the venting system to which vent branches are connected.
a. Main vent b. main soil and waste vent c. vent stack d. vent pipe
30. Used in pipe plumbing systems to connect straight pipe or tubing sections, to adapt to different sizes or shapes, and
for other purposes, such as regulating or measuring fluid flow.
a. Cap b. plug c. fitting d. connector
31. The art and technique of installing pipes, fixtures, and other apparatuses in buildings for bringing in the supply of
liquids, substances and/or ingredients and removing them.
a. Sanitary b. Plumbing c. drainage d. piping
32. The most common type of well, usually dug manually and around 15 meters deep.
a. Shallow well b. driven well c. deepwell d. driven well
33. A type of pump that is designed to be fully immersible within a tank or other media storage receptacle.
a. Sump pump b. rotary pump c. jet pump d. submersible pump
34. A type of valve that is used mainly to completely close or completely open the water line (does not control flow of
water).
35. A type of valve that is used to prevent reversal of flow in the line.
36. A water supply pipe extending vertically to one full story or more to convey water into pipe branches or plumbing
fixtures
37. The pipe from the street water main or other source of water supply to the building served.
38. A device used to measure in liters or gallons the amount of water that passes through the water service
a. Water meter b. megameter c. hydrometer d. Maynilad meter
39. A type of water closet that flushes through a simple wash down action and discharges waste into a trapway located
at the front of the bowl.
40. A type of water closet that flushes through a siphon action created in the trapway.
41. A watertight covered receptacle designed and constructed to receive the discharge of sewage from a building
sewer, separate solids from the liquid, digest organic matter and store digested solids through a period of detention,
and allow the clarified liquids to discharge for final disposal
42. Waste water with the exception of human wastes
43. Water plus solid and liquid human wastes
44. What do you call rain water?
45. A loosely lined excavation in the ground, which receives the discharge of a septic tank; designed to permit effluent to
seep through pit bottom and sides
46. What do you call a non-watertight lined excavation in the ground which receives the discharge of a sanitary drainage
system, designed to retain the organic matter but permitting the liquid to seep through the pit bottom and sides?
47. A pipe installed in buildings not as part of the water supply or waste disposal system but primarily for use as
water conveyor in case of fire
a. Riser b. stack c. standpipe d. water pipe
48. How it works: a standpipe is connected to the building exterior (max ht.= 1.20M) for connection to fire
department
49. How it works: a piping network (line is directly connected to the main water line) connects to all levels of a
building (at least 1 standpipe on each level)
50. As much as possible, standpipes should be located in
a.stairway landings b. hallway c. entrance d. corners
51. The number of wet standpipes shall be determined so that all portions of the building are within ________
meters of a nozzle attached to a hose _________meters long
a. 6m;23m b. 7m;23m c. 6m;24m d. 6m; 25m
52. Distance of sprinkler pipes.
a.3 to 6m b. 2 to 4m c. 4 to 8m
53. This is a
a.Siamese twin b. sprinkler head c. upright d. pendent

Fig. a
Fig. b
54. In above drawing, Figure a is

55. In above drawing, Figure b is
a. Pendent b. upright c. pendant d. upward
56. For basement parking what type of sprinkler is suitable to use?
57. Type of sprinkler system that are installed in spaces in which the ambient temperature may be cold enough to
freeze the water, rendering the system inoperable.
a.Dry b. wet c. moist d. humid
58. For offices what type of sprinkler head is best to use?
59. Which of the following storm water system does not use gutter or downspout?
60. Which of the following storm water system brings collected water directly to the reservoir?
61. Which of the following storm water system combines storm water with sanitary waste?
62. What do you call the roofing element usually located along the entire perimeter of the roof used for collecting
rainwater?
a. Gutter b. downspout c. catch basin d. roof drain
_____71. What is a manually operated alarm-initiating device that may be equipped to generate a continuous signal or a
series of coded pulses?
A. supervised system
B. multiplex system
C. fire alarm station
D. addressable detector
_____72. What is the common term which refers to the circuit arrangements in fire alarm system that indicate a
malfunction in the wiring of alarm devices by sounding a trouble bell?
A. system coding
B. fire detection
C. circuit supervision
D. signal processing
_____73. Which type of heat detector is applied to long, narrow elements, and applied typically in cable trays, cable
bundle of all sorts, conveyors and large long equipment?
_____74. Which type of flame detector is long range and very sensitive which react in milliseconds and react to most
types of fires?
_____75. Which signal device is consisting of an electromagnetic coil that, when electric power is applied to it will cause
a thin metal piece to vibrate?
A. horn
B. buzzer
C. chime
D. siren
_____76. Which signal device is consisting of an electric motor that produces a continuous high-pitched sound (100dB
max) and can be used only in a place with normally high ambient sound?
A. horn
B. buzzer
C. chime
D. siren
_____77. Which intrusion detection device operates on the simple principle of beam interruption, which is quite effective
indoors, but outdoors, dusts, insects and birds can show the location of the beam, permitting it to be circumvented?

D. sensors with normally open contacts
_____78. Which intrusion detection device is basically a spring mounted contact suspended inside a second contact
surface which is very sensitive and can be activated by sonic booms, wind and even a heavy truck passing by?
D. sensors with normally open contrast
_____79.Which of the following systems is interconnected to all electrical equipment to provide a direct path to earth in
order to protect people and equipment from fault currents?
A. grounding
B. circuit breaker
C. transformer
D. fuse
_____80. What do you call the unit of measurement of the movement of electric charge known as an electric current?
A volts
B. amperes
C. watts
D. lux
_____81. Which of the following types of wires has a galvanized steel spiral metal sheath and may be installed in dry,
indoor locations with product designation BX?
A. non-metallic sheathed cable
B. flexible cable
C. armored cable
D. full metal cable
_____82. What is referred as the entire course an electric current travels, from the source of power, through an
electrical device, and back to the source?
A. wiring
B. grounding
C. interference
D. circuit
_____83. Which of the following materials is a good conductor and most commonly used for electrical wires?
A. aluminum
B. copper
C. nickel
D. zinc
_____84. Which of the following types of wiring includes several light fixtures or receptacles that operate on the same
circuit with the hot and neutral wires running together from one housing box to another and wires to individual devices
branch off from them?
A. continuous wiring
B. series wiring
C. neutral wiring
D. parallel wiring
_____85. What is an automatically operated electrical switch designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage
caused by overload or short circuit and Its basic function is to detect a fault condition and interrupt current flow?
A. fuse
B. circuit breaker
C. transformer
D. capacitor
_____86. What do you call a safety device designed to stop an elevator car automatically before the car’s speed
becomes excessive?
A. governor
B. break
C. buffers
_____87. What do you call a safety device usually placed in the elevator pit and the main purpose is not to stop a falling
car but to bring it to a partially cushioned stop if it would over travel the lower terminal?
A. governor
B. break
C. buffers
_____88. Which escalator arrangement is simpler to visualize and also more common and requires floor space around
escalators, which is used in stores to display special sale merchandise?
A. diagonal
B. horizontal
C. parallel
D. crisscross
_____89. What do you call the equipment, which is also known as ejection lift because of the method of delivery, and
this device is ideally suited for delivery of food carts, linens, dishes and bulk-liquid containers?
A. inclined elevator
B. automated dumbwaiter
C. horizontal conveyor
D. pneumatic tube
_____90. What is a vertical shaft for the travel of one or more elevator which includes the pit and terminates at the
underside of the overhang machinery space floor for electric elevators, or at the underside of the roof over the hoistway
of a hydraulic elevator?
A. hoistway
B. machine room
C. counter weight
D. elevator car
_____91. What is normally located near the base of the hoistway containing hydraulic pump unit and electronic controls
of hydraulic type elevators?
A. cable wires
B. electrical room
C. machine room
D. mechanical room
_____92. Which of the following escalator components is a welded steel frame that supports the entire apparatus and
the tracks are steel angles attached to this component, which the step rollers are guided, thus controlling the motion of
the steps?
A. handrail
B. control cabinet
C. balustrade
D. truss
_____93. Which of the following conveying systems uses a flattened pallet in place of a step where the drive
mechanism, safeties, brake, handrails, and so on—the unit is similar to an escalator?
A. moving walk
B. conveyor
C. dumbwaiter
D. lift
_____94. Which of the following structural fire protection in buildings includes manual and automatic detection and
suppression of fires, like using and installing a fire sprinkler system or finding the fire alarm and/or extinguishing it?
A. passive fire protection
B. mechanical fire protection
C. manual fire protection
D. Active fire protection
_____95. What is a key selection criterion for elevators that is considered as the average time spent by passengers from
the moment they arrive in the lobby to the moment they leave the car at an upper floor?
A. average trip time
B. handling capacity
C. velocity
D. waiting time
_____96. Which of the given HVAC systems is in one place that distributes the equipment’s function to a specific floor or
zone?
A. local system
D. all-in system
_____97. Which of the following HVAC systems has the disadvantages of demanding maintenance, many potential
threats to the occupied spaces and regular cleaning to maintain air quality?
A. local system
D. all-in system
_____98. Which HVAC system type eliminates the distribution trees of air and water, relying instead on heat/cooling
device adjacent to or within the space to be served?
A. all water
B. air and water
C. all air
D. direct refrigerant
_____99. Which of the following HVAC equipment carries air to and from conditioned space and contains dampers to
direct and modulate air flow?
A. air grille
B. duct
C. fan
D. heat exchanger
_____100. Which of the following HVAC equipment includes condensers and evaporators in refrigeration equipment,
water and steam coils in
air handlers?
A. air grille
B. duct
C. fan
D. heat exchanger
_____101. Which of the following HVAC design process considers the most general combinations of comfort needs and
climate characteristics?
D. evaluation
_____102. Which of the following HVAC design process applies one of the design alternatives which has probably been
chosen as the most promising combination of aesthetic, social and technical solutions for the program?
D. evaluation
_____103.What is considered the critical decision in sizing the heating equipment?

A. equipment capacity
B. specification
C. location
D. design temperature
_____104. Which of the given HVAC components are valves that allow some or all of the airflow through a duct to be cut
off that can be manually operated by building occupants, or automatically operated by centralized control systems?
A. plenums
B. dampers
C. fan coils
D. ducts
_____105. What is referred as gases at normal temperatures and pressures, and must be compressed and liquefied to
be of service later as heat absorbers in HVAC systems?
A. refrigerants
B. oxygen
C. ventilators
D. all of the above
______ 106. What is considered as the perpetuation of reflected sound within a space after the source has ceased?
A. echo C. diffusion
B. reverberation D. diffraction
______ 107. Which of the following is a source of airborne sound?

A. conversation C. music
B. outdoor noise D. all of the above
______ 108. What do you call the sound travelling through solid building components such as floors, walls and
ductwork?
A. structure-borne C. air-borne
B. surface-borne D. vibration
______ 109. What do you call the science of sound?

A. music C. audibility
B. acoustics D. sound phenomena
______ 110. What is the science of controlling sound within buildings?

A. structural acoustics C. architectural acoustics
B. physical acoustics D. spatial acoustics
______111. What is an active or passive means of reducing sound emissions, often incentivized by personal comfort,
environmental considerations or legal compliance?
A. noise control C. sound control
B. noise absorption D. sound absorption
______ 112. Which of the following prevents transmission of vibration energy from a source to a receiver by introducing
a flexible element or a physical break?
A. sound absorption C. vibration damping
B. sound insulation D. vibration isolation
______ 113. What do you call an integer rating of how well a building partition attenuates airborne sound?
A. sound absorption class C. noise reduction coefficient
B. sound transmission class D. sound reduction coefficient
______ 114. Which of the following is a set of strategies to reduce noise pollution?
A. noise mitigation C. noise blocking
B. sound masking D. sound control
63. The minimum diameter for a wet standpipe is ________ for those less than 15 meters form the fire service
connection.
64. The minimum diameter for a wet standpipe more than 15 meters from the fire service connection is
65. How it works: a piping network directly connected to the main water line, connects to all levels of a building;
additionally, a Siamese Connection is located outside the building for additional water supply
66. Spacing of sprinkler heads for light hazard occupancy.
a.10 sqm b. 15sqm c. 20 sqm d. 25 sqm
67. Spacing of sprinkler heads for extra hazard occupancy.
a.10 sqm b. 15 sqm c. 20 sqm d. 25 sqm
68. Type of sprinkler head that is used when there is no ceiling and piping is exposed.
69. Type of sprinkler head that projects through a finished ceiling.
70. An active fire protection measure where a glass bulb type head will spray water into the room if sufficient heat
reaches the bulb and causes it to shatter.
a.Dry stand pipe b. wet standpipe c. sprinkler system
______ 115. Which acoustic material is much less dense than masonry and provides much less in the way of sound
isolation for that reason?
A. concrete C. wood
B. drywall and plaster D. stone and brick
______ 116. Which of the following conductor will make the sound travel fastest?
A. air C. steel
B. wood D. foam
______ 117. What do you call the distance between similar points on successive waves or distance of the sound in one
cycle of vibration that is in 1/second?
______ 118. What is the maximum distance between top and bottom curve of the sound wave and characterize the
sound loudness?
______ 119. What is variously defined as unwanted sound, sound with no intelligible content and/ or broadband sound,
depending upon the listener and the situation?
A. speech C. noise
______ 120. Which of the following is composed of phonemes, which are individual and distinct sounds that, to an
extent, vary from language to language?
A. speech C. noise
_____121. The candela is the unit of luminous intensity. Its abbreviation is ________.
a. cp c. pc
b. dc d. cd
_____122. The amount of luminous energy (flux) emanating from one square foot (meter) of surface on the sphere is
one lumen.
a. lm c. fl
b. ml d. fc
_____123. The _____ is the unit of light quantity and in terms of power is equal to 0.0015 lm.
a. reflectance c. candle power
b. lumen d. flux
_____124. ________ is the degree to which light is shadowless and is a function of the number of directions from which
light impinges on a particular point and the relative intensities.
a. Transparency c. Opaqueness
b. Transmission d. Diffusion
_____125.________ is a form of energy which permits us to see.
a. Acoustics c. Light
b. Sound d. Wave
_____126._______ is an uncomfortable brightness ratios where background luminance exceeds object luminance.
a. Shadow c. Reflection
b. Stare d. Glare
_____127._______ are the largest and best known primary and secondary brightness sources respectively.
a. The sun and the moon c. Incandescent and fluorescent
b. The spotlight and the floodlight d. The fire and the candle
_____128.The simplest and most effective technique to solve reflected glare is to arrange ______ so as to avoid the
possibility of reflection.
a. the shape of the system c. the geometry of the system
b. the system of the geometry d. the reflection of the glare
_____129. A _______ is the conventional unit of luminance or brightness.
a. foot candle c. foot lambert
b. foot power d. luminance
_____130. Reflecting surfaces that derive their brightness form incident illumination are known as ____.
a. Primary Source c. Secondary Source
b. Luminance Ratio d. Chromacity
CO1
QUESTION 1
What is a type of indoor lighting control that provides individual timing and switching for room lights
and certain fixtures?
Dimmer control
Occupancy sensor
Timer
Toggle switch
QUESTION 2
The three generic classification of electric light sources are:
the downlight, the uplight and the spotlight
the incandescent lamp, the gaseous discharge lamp and the electroluminescent sources
the eyeball, the wall washer and the pinpoint spot
none of the above
QUESTION 3
Under acoustics, what do you call when an obstacle is the same size as the wavelength or less, the
sound can bend around obstacles or flow through small openings and continue onward?
Reflection
Absorption
Diffusion
Diffraction
QUESTION 4
The is the unit of light quantity and in terms of power is equal to 0.0015 watts.
Reflectance
Lumen
Candle power
Flux
QUESTION 5
Under acoustics, what will happen to the sound pressure at the listener's ear as the distance from
the source increases?
Decrease proportionately
Equal
Increase proportionately
Nothing happens
QUESTION 6
An area expressed in square feet uses the illumination unit of
Foot candle
Candle power
Candela
Candelabra
QUESTION 7
It is also known as tungsten-halogen, this lamp contains a tungsten filament mounted in a bulb filled
with a halogen gas.
High-intensity discharge lamp
Neon lamp
Quartz lamp
Light-emitting diode
QUESTION 8
What is an uncomfortable brightness ratio where background luminance exceeds object luminance?
Shadow
Stare
Reflection
Glare
QUESTION 9
Under acoustics, what type of sound are conversation, outdoor noises, music and machine noises?
Structure-borne sound
Airborne sound
Unwanted sound
Dead sound
QUESTION 10
Under acoustics, what type of materials are wood, masonry and concrete?
Absorbing materials
Reflecting materials
Diffracting materials
Diffusing materials
QUESTION 11
What is a type of indoor lighting control that is sometimes used to give unoccupied houses a lived-in
look, however, it is ineffective control for an occupied home because it does not respond to changes
in occupant behavior?
Dimmer control
Occupancy sensor
Timer
Toggle switch
QUESTION 12
Under acoustics, what type of materials are soft ceiling tile, rigid foam and people?
Absorbing materials
Diffusing materials
QUESTION 13
What is referred to as the severe glare caused by automobile's headlights during night?
Direct glare
Efficacy
Glaring mark
Reflected glare
QUESTION 14
Following the stages of the acoustic design process, how can you address the unwanted sounds/
noise that you are experiencing in your respective home. Discuss practical and logical solutions.
QUESTION 15
Under acoustics, what is the distance between identical points on a wave?
Frequency
Amplitude
Wavelength
Velocity
QUESTION 16
What is a method used to determine reflectance of diffuse, or no-glossy reflecting surfaces?
Transmittance
Illumination level
known-sample comparison method
Reflected-incident light method
QUESTION 17
An area express in square ____uses the illumination unit of lux.
Lux
Lumen
Flux
Max
QUESTION 18
What is a type of light interference coming from a glossy or polished surface?
Direct glare
Reflected glare
Glare
Reflectance
QUESTION 19
Under room acoustics, what is referred to as the bending or flowing of a sound wave around an
object?
Diffraction
reflection
refraction
Diffusion
QUESTION 20
What is a type of indoor lighting control that provides variable amount of lighting and adjustable
brightness?
Dimmer control
Occupancy sensor
Timer
Toggle switch
QUESTION 21
Under acoustics, what is the perpetuation of reflected sound within a space after the source has
ceased?
Echo
Frequency
Reverberation
Volume
QUESTION 22
The simplest and most effective technique to solve reflected glare is to
___________ so as to avoid the possibility of reflection.
the shape of the system
the system of the geometry
move the light source
the reflection of the glare
QUESTION 23
What is a type of room lighting that provides high illumination on relatively small areas?
General lighting
Local lighting
Supplementary lighting
None of the above
QUESTION 24
What do you call the brains' organization of sensations from the retina which enables recognition
and understanding to occur?
Visual perception
Experiential perception
Monocular perception
None of the above
QUESTION 25
What is background light in a space that reduces bright contrasts between task lights and lets you
move about easily?
Specific lighting
Industrial lighting
Street lighting
General lighting
QUESTION 26
Under acoustic, what is the vibration cycle per second?
Amplitude
Frequency
Velocity
Wavelength
CO2
Question 1
Which is the most familiar enhanced-control lighting device that lets you lower or raise light
levels so that they're appropriate to the need?
Correct Answer: Dimmer
Question 2
What is the unit of measurement of the outflow of light from a source?
Correct Answer: Lumens
Question 3
Which of the following mediums of light has the property of transmitting light without appreciable
scattering of that bodies lying beyond are seen clearly?
Correct Answer: Transparent
Question 4
Which of the following types of lighting systems are often considered the least energy efficient
and commonly found in residential buildings?
Correct Answer: Incandescent lighting
Question 5
Which of the following lighting classification is mainly decorative, intended to highlight pictures,
plants, or other elements of interior design or landscaping?
Correct Answer: Accent lighting
Question 6
What do you call the measure of the efficiency of a luminaire in transferring luminous energy to
the working plane in a particular area?
Correct Answer: Coefficient of utilization
Question 7
What is a type of electric discharge lamps with a gas discharge source that contains mercury
vapor at low pressure with a small amount of inert gas for starting?
Correct Answer: Fluorescent lamp
Question 8
Which of the following architectural lighting elements distributes light downward and can be
used in rooms with low ceiling or can be integrated into cabinetry?
Correct Answer: Lighted soffit
Question 9
What do you call the ratio of the reflected object to incident light?
Correct Answer: Reflectance
Question 10
Which of the following architectural lighting elements distribute light up and down and is used to
wall wash and effectively above draperies?
Correct Answer: Lighted valance
Question 11
Which of the following architectural lighting elements distributes light upward and uses the
ceiling as a reflector to distribute light indirectly throughout the room?
Correct Answer: Lighted cove
Question 12
Which of the following lighting classification fills in between the two lighting classification types
and is intended for overall illumination of an area?
Correct Answer: General lighting
Question 13
What is a sensation caused by luminances in the visual field that are too bright resulting to
discomfort, annoyance or reduced productivity?
Correct Answer: Glare
Question 14
Which of the following statement is FALSE about the speed of light?
Correct Answer: You cannot slow down light in other substances like atmosphere, water or
diamond
Question 15
Which of the following architectural lighting elements is used for special wall emphasis or for
lighting specific tasks such as sink, range or reading in bed?
Correct Answer: Lighted low wall bracket
CO1
QUESTION 1
What is a type of indoor lighting control that provides individual timing and switching for room lights
and certain fixtures?
Dimmer control
Occupancy sensor
Timer
Toggle switch
QUESTION 2
The three generic classification of electric light sources are:
the downlight, the uplight and the spotlight
the incandescent lamp, the gaseous discharge lamp and the electroluminescent sources
the eyeball, the wall washer and the pinpoint spot
none of the above
QUESTION 3
Under acoustics, what do you call when an obstacle is the same size as the wavelength or less, the
sound can bend around obstacles or flow through small openings and continue onward?
Reflection
Absorption
Diffusion
Diffraction
QUESTION 4
The is the unit of light quantity and in terms of power is equal to 0.0015 watts.
Reflectance
Lumen
Candle power
Flux
QUESTION 5
Under acoustics, what will happen to the sound pressure at the listener's ear as the distance from
the source increases?
Decrease proportionately
Equal
Increase proportionately
Nothing happens
QUESTION 6
An area expressed in square feet uses the illumination unit of
Foot candle
Candle power
Candela
Candelabra
QUESTION 7
It is also known as tungsten-halogen, this lamp contains a tungsten filament mounted in a bulb filled
with a halogen gas.
High-intensity discharge lamp
Neon lamp
Quartz lamp
Light-emitting diode
QUESTION 8
What is an uncomfortable brightness ratio where background luminance exceeds object luminance?
Shadow
Stare
Reflection
Glare
QUESTION 9
Under acoustics, what type of sound are conversation, outdoor noises, music and machine noises?
Structure-borne sound
Airborne sound
Unwanted sound
Dead sound
QUESTION 10
Under acoustics, what type of materials are wood, masonry and concrete?
Absorbing materials
Diffusing materials
QUESTION 11
What is a type of indoor lighting control that is sometimes used to give unoccupied houses a lived-in
look, however, it is ineffective control for an occupied home because it does not respond to changes
in occupant behavior?
Dimmer control
Occupancy sensor
Timer
Toggle switch
QUESTION 12
Under acoustics, what type of materials are soft ceiling tile, rigid foam and people?
Absorbing materials
Diffusing materials
QUESTION 13
What is referred to as the severe glare caused by automobile's headlights during night?
Direct glare
Efficacy
Glaring mark
Reflected glare
QUESTION 14
Following the stages of the acoustic design process, how can you address the unwanted sounds/
noise that you are experiencing in your respective home. Discuss practical and logical solutions.
QUESTION 15
Under acoustics, what is the distance between identical points on a wave?
Frequency
Amplitude
Wavelength
Velocity
QUESTION 16
What is a method used to determine reflectance of diffuse, or no-glossy reflecting surfaces?
Transmittance
Illumination level
known-sample comparison method
Reflected-incident light method
QUESTION 17
An area express in square ____uses the illumination unit of lux.
Lux
Lumen
Flux
Max
QUESTION 18
What is a type of light interference coming from a glossy or polished surface?
Direct glare
Reflected glare
Glare
Reflectance
QUESTION 19
Under room acoustics, what is referred to as the bending or flowing of a sound wave around an
object?
Diffraction
reflection
refraction
Diffusion
QUESTION 20
What is a type of indoor lighting control that provides variable amount of lighting and adjustable
brightness?
Dimmer control
Occupancy sensor
Timer
Toggle switch
QUESTION 21
Under acoustics, what is the perpetuation of reflected sound within a space after the source has
ceased?
Echo
Frequency
Reverberation
Volume
QUESTION 22
The simplest and most effective technique to solve reflected glare is to
___________ so as to avoid the possibility of reflection.
the shape of the system
the system of the geometry
move the light source
the reflection of the glare
QUESTION 23
What is a type of room lighting that provides high illumination on relatively small areas?
General lighting
Local lighting
Supplementary lighting
None of the above
QUESTION 24
What do you call the brains' organization of sensations from the retina which enables recognition
and understanding to occur?
Visual perception
Experiential perception
Monocular perception
None of the above
QUESTION 25
What is background light in a space that reduces bright contrasts between task lights and lets you
move about easily?
Specific lighting
Industrial lighting
Street lighting
General lighting
QUESTION 26
Under acoustic, what is the vibration cycle per second?
Amplitude
Frequency
Velocity
Wavelength
CO2
Question 1
Which is the most familiar enhanced-control lighting device that lets you lower or raise light
levels so that they're appropriate to the need?
Correct Answer: Dimmer
Question 2
What is the unit of measurement of the outflow of light from a source?
Correct Answer: Lumens
Question 3
Which of the following mediums of light has the property of transmitting light without appreciable
scattering of that bodies lying beyond are seen clearly?
Correct Answer: Transparent
Question 4
Which of the following types of lighting systems are often considered the least energy efficient
and commonly found in residential buildings?
Correct Answer: Incandescent lighting
Question 5
Which of the following lighting classification is mainly decorative, intended to highlight pictures,
plants, or other elements of interior design or landscaping?
Correct Answer: Accent lighting
Question 6
What do you call the measure of the efficiency of a luminaire in transferring luminous energy to
the working plane in a particular area?
Correct Answer: Coefficient of utilization
Question 7
What is a type of electric discharge lamps with a gas discharge source that contains mercury
vapor at low pressure with a small amount of inert gas for starting?
Correct Answer: Fluorescent lamp
Question 8
Which of the following architectural lighting elements distributes light downward and can be
used in rooms with low ceiling or can be integrated into cabinetry?
Correct Answer: Lighted soffit
Question 9
What do you call the ratio of the reflected object to incident light?
Correct Answer: Reflectance
Question 10
Which of the following architectural lighting elements distribute light up and down and is used to
wall wash and effectively above draperies?
Correct Answer: Lighted valance
Question 11
Which of the following architectural lighting elements distributes light upward and uses the
ceiling as a reflector to distribute light indirectly throughout the room?
Correct Answer: Lighted cove
Question 12
Which of the following lighting classification fills in between the two lighting classification types
and is intended for overall illumination of an area?
Correct Answer: General lighting
Question 13
What is a sensation caused by luminances in the visual field that are too bright resulting to
discomfort, annoyance or reduced productivity?
Correct Answer: Glare
Question 14
Which of the following statement is FALSE about the speed of light?
Correct Answer: You cannot slow down light in other substances like atmosphere, water or
diamond
Question 15
Which of the following architectural lighting elements is used for special wall emphasis or for
lighting specific tasks such as sink, range or reading in bed?
Correct Answer: Lighted low wall bracket
Question 16
Which type of sodium vapor lamps is highly efficient electrical light source, but its yellow light
restricts applications to outdoor lighting such as street lamps?
Correct Answer: Low-pressure sodium lamp
Question 17
What is the most common way to admit daylight into a space where the vertical orientation
means that they selectively admit sunlight and diffuse daylight at different times of the day?
Correct Answer: Windows
Question 18
Under the lumen method calculations, which of the following are non-recoverable factors which
are not controlled by maintenance practices?
Correct Answer: Equipment operating factor
Question 19
What is a type of architectural fixed lighting that is a short, upright ground-mounted unit typically
used to provide cut-off type illumination for egress lighting to light walkways, steps or other
pathways?
Correct Answer: Bollard
Question 20
What is another terminology of light based on scientists, where visible light is only one small
portion of a family of waves?
Correct Answer: Electromagnetic radiation
Question 21
Which of the following is an easy way to make an older building a little greener when fluorescent
lamps and ballasts, the inner workings of a light bulb are placed with greener, more efficient
models?
Correct Answer: Lighting retrofit
Question 22
Under the construction characteristics of an incandescent filament lamp, which inert gas is
contained in the glass envelope aside from nitrogen?
Correct Answer: Argon
Question 23
Which of the following lighting systems shows the potential to yield a 40% – 50% energy
savings over standard general lighting practices, provide superior lighting and increase user
satisfaction?
Correct Answer: Task-ambient lighting
Question 24
What do you call the light transmitting fenestration products filling openings in a building
envelope which also includes windows, doors and others?
Correct Answer: Skylight
Question 25
What is the basic element inside the bulb of a fluorescent lamp to transform ultra-violet radiation
into visible light?
Correct Answer: Phosphor coating
Question 26
Which of the following types of sensors turn lights off or on automatically depending upon
whether or not they sense the presence of someone in the room, which are activated by
inaudible sound waves that sense motion?
Correct Answer: Ultrasonic type
Question 27
Which of the following architectural lighting elements is a suspended system that provide light
into an interior space similar to sunlight through roof openings?
Correct Answer: Luminous ceiling
Question 28
Which of the following lighting classification is mainly functional and is usually the most
concentrated, for purposes such as reading or inspection of materials?
Correct Answer: Task lighting
Question 29
What is referred to if the reflection takes place on a smooth surface?
Correct Answer: Spectacular reflection
Question 30
What is a technical term for light fixture recommended by the International Electro-technical
Commission (IEC) which is an electric device used to create artificial light by the use of an
electric lamp?
Correct Answer: Luminaire
Question 16
Which type of sodium vapor lamps is highly efficient electrical light source, but its yellow light
restricts applications to outdoor lighting such as street lamps?
Correct Answer: Low-pressure sodium lamp
Question 17
What is the most common way to admit daylight into a space where the vertical orientation
means that they selectively admit sunlight and diffuse daylight at different times of the day?
Correct Answer: Windows
Question 18
Under the lumen method calculations, which of the following are non-recoverable factors which
are not controlled by maintenance practices?
Correct Answer: Equipment operating factor
Question 19
What is a type of architectural fixed lighting that is a short, upright ground-mounted unit typically
used to provide cut-off type illumination for egress lighting to light walkways, steps or other
pathways?
Correct Answer: Bollard
Question 20
What is another terminology of light based on scientists, where visible light is only one small
portion of a family of waves?
Correct Answer: Electromagnetic radiation
Question 21
Which of the following is an easy way to make an older building a little greener when fluorescent
lamps and ballasts, the inner workings of a light bulb are placed with greener, more efficient
models?
Correct Answer: Lighting retrofit
Question 22
Under the construction characteristics of an incandescent filament lamp, which inert gas is
contained in the glass envelope aside from nitrogen?
Correct Answer: Argon
Question 23
Which of the following lighting systems shows the potential to yield a 40% – 50% energy
savings over standard general lighting practices, provide superior lighting and increase user
satisfaction?
Correct Answer: Task-ambient lighting
Question 24
What do you call the light transmitting fenestration products filling openings in a building
envelope which also includes windows, doors and others?
Correct Answer: Skylight
Question 25
What is the basic element inside the bulb of a fluorescent lamp to transform ultra-violet radiation
into visible light?
Correct Answer: Phosphor coating
Question 26
Which of the following types of sensors turn lights off or on automatically depending upon
whether or not they sense the presence of someone in the room, which are activated by
inaudible sound waves that sense motion?
Correct Answer: Ultrasonic type
Question 27
Which of the following architectural lighting elements is a suspended system that provide light
into an interior space similar to sunlight through roof openings?
Correct Answer: Luminous ceiling
Question 28
Which of the following lighting classification is mainly functional and is usually the most
concentrated, for purposes such as reading or inspection of materials?
Correct Answer: Task lighting
Question 29
What is referred to if the reflection takes place on a smooth surface?
Correct Answer: Spectacular reflection
Question 30
What is a technical term for light fixture recommended by the International Electro-technical
Commission (IEC) which is an electric device used to create artificial light by the use of an
electric lamp?
Correct Answer: Luminaire

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Q.1) Collection line of a plumbing system is sometimes referred to as.

,e;,, House Drain (your answer}

A. Microwave (correct answer)

A. Ton of Refrigeration (your answer)

Q.5j TW in electrical wire specification means.

A. Moisture and Heat Resistant- Cross-Linked Thermosetting

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A. Weighing Device (your answer)

Q.14) In elevator, it protects the equipment from over current.

A. Circuit Breaker (• pur answer}

Q.16) which statement is not true?

A. number of fixture unit is one parameter in sizing a drainage pipe.

Q.17} Which statement is not true?

Q.18) One of the eartier plastic to be developed in 1938, a du pont trade

. ,. Teflon (your answer}

A. Microwave (your answer)

A. S fety e (your answerj

A. Mercury Lamp (your answer)

Q.27} XHHN in wire specification means.

A. Moisture and Hea1 Resistant - Cross-LinkedThermosetting your answer)

Q.28) Color code for pipes containing acid.

A. Transmission Loss (your answer)

Q.1) Consist of a flyball or flyweight device designed to stop an elevator.

A. ovemo (your answer}

without changing its temperature.

Q.3) Maximum height of a water seal for each fixture trap.

A. 51 mm. (your answer)

Q.4} Treats hard water.

A. Chlorine (your answer}

Q.5) Minimum liquid depth for a septic tank.

Q.6) Minimum length of a septic tank.

Q.7) Minimum height of a water seal for each fixture trap.

Q.8) Minimum trap diameter for a bathtub

A Refraction {your answer)

Po ous sorben s (your answer)

Q.12) Minimum Gauge of galvanized sheet used for downspout.s

Q.14) Minimum extension of the VSTR above the roof.

Q.15} Maximum lengthof the tailpiece from any fixture.

A. 40 ems. (your answer)

A. Infra Red (your answer)

ding-D m a in (your answer)

A. 45.70 mts (correct answer}

Q.20) Minimum distance of a water supply well from a disposal field.

Q.21} Minimum width of a septic tank.

A V'J/indin -Drum Machine

Q.23) Minimum dimension of a manhole access to a septic tank.

/\. .50 mts. (correct answer)

Q.26) Minimum distance of a water supply well from a septic tank.

A. W,;e and 1/8 Bend(your answer)

Q.28) Minimum trap diameter for a shower staii.

A. 0.30 mtr. (your answer}

A Convection (your answer)

A. Bus (correct answer)

A. Junction Box (your answer)

A. Humidity Graph (your answer}

A. \:\/ashctown (your answer)

Q.9) This type of water closet is prohibitedby some health codes.

A. Vva ..dovm (correct answer)

Q.10) A valve closed by a disk seating on an opening in an intemaiwa!i.

A. Raceway (your answer)

Q.16} Heat that raises air temperature.

Q.17) The interior bottom surface of a pipe.

Q.19) The centerline of pipe.

A. Effective Energy Rating

Correction: Chlorination  Most common GENERAL TYPES

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