FOLIA PARASITOLOGICA 40: 115- 134, Nematode parasites of fishes of the Parand River, Brazil. Part 2. Seuratoidea, Ascaridoidea, Habronematoidea and Acuarioidea F. Moravec', A.. Kohn’ and B.M. M. Fernandes” ‘Institute of Parasitology, Acedemy of Sciences ofthe Czech Republic, Braitovské 31, 370 05 Cesk Bud&jovie, Czech Republi; Enstinuto Oswaldo Cruz and CNPq, C.P. 926, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20001, Brazil Key words: nematodes, freshwater fish, Brazil, Parané River ‘Abstract. The present paper comprises a systematic survey of nematodes of the superfamilies Seuratoidea, Ascaridoidea, Habrone- matoidea and Acuarioidea collected from fishes in the Parané River, southern Brazil, in 1985 and 1991. The following 17 species were recorded: Neoparaseuratum travassosi, Cucullanus pinnai, C. pseudoplatystomae sp. n. (type host Pseudoplatystoma coru- scans), C. brevispiculus sp. n, (type host Auchenipterus nuchalis), C. pimelodellae sp. n. (type host Pimelodella lateristriga), Cucullanus sp. 1, Cucullanus sp. 2, Cucullanus sp. 3, Dichelyne leporini, Raphidascaris Sprentascaris) mahnerti, Raphidascaris (S.) sp. larva, Hysterothylacium sp. larvae, Contracaecum sp. | larvae, Contracaecum sp. 2 larvae, Goevia sp. larvae, Spinitectus aasperus, and Acuariinae gen. sp. larvae. Most nematode species are briefly described and illustrated and problems concerning theit taxonomy, hosts and geographical distribution are discussed. The genus Bacudacnitis Ferraz et Thatcher, 1988 is synonymized with (Cucullanus Miller, 1777 to which its type species is transferred as Cucullanus grandistomis (Ferraz et Thatcher, 1988) comb. 1. ‘This paperisa continuation of the authors’ earlier work, (Moravec etal, 1992a) on the results of the systematic study of fish nematodes collected by the Brazilian co-au- thors (A. Kohn and B.M.M. Fernandes) during their expe- ditions to the Parand River in 1985 and 1991. The first paper treated the nematodes of the superfamilies Trichu- roidea, Oxyuroidea and Cosmocercoidea. Materials and ‘methods are similar to those already published by Mora~ vec et al. (19928). All measurements are given in milli- metres and width measurements refer to maximim width unless otherwise stated. REVIEW OF SPECIES Seuratoidea Fam. Quimperlidae Gendre, 1928 1, Neoparaseuratum trayassosi Moravec, Kohn et Fernandes,'1992 Fig. 1 Redescription based on specimens from iparaguayen- sis: Medium sized nematodes with smoothcuticle; 12-14 narrow longitudinal bands of inflated cuticle surrounding. cephalic region of body. Head end rounded, with inflated cuticle, usually well separated by constriction fromrest of body (Fig. 1 A). Oral opening approximately hexagonal, surrounded by six ridges radiating from mouth margin; four submedian papillae and two small lateral amphids present; each papilla consisting of largé globular body situated near extemal’ margin of cephalic end, connected with narrow peduncle running through inflated cuticle and opening outside at mouth margin. Oesophagus muscular throughout, its posterior part much broader than anterior one. Tail with narrowed posterior part; conical tail tip separated by cuticular constriction, Male (2 specimens): Length of body 2.26-8.02, width 0.136-0.299. Cephalic cuticular bands 12-14 in number, their maximum height 0.009-0.015. Height of mouth re- gion 0.012-0.015, its width 0.033. Length of oesophagus 0.462-0,680, its width at anterior part 0.030-0.036, at posterior part 0.052-0.054. Nerve ring, deirids and excre- tory pore 0.225-0.243, 0,552-0.734 and 0.555-0.992, re- spectively, from anterior extremity. Length of tail 0.129-0.198, of its posterior narrowed part 0.033-0.045. Cloacal lips conspicuously elevated in larger specimen and nonelevated in smaller one. Caudal papillae: 5 pairs of subventral preanal papillae, 1 pair of adanal papillae, and 4 pairs of postanal papillae of which two pairs being subventral and two pairs lateral; one median odd papilla present anterior to cloacal opemting. Length of spicules 0.210-0.285, of gubemaculum 0.084-0.096. Female (4 specimens): Length of gravid female 8.41- 11,38, width 0.299-0,354, Cephalic cuticular bands 12 in number, their maximum height 0.018-0.021. Height of mouth region 0.015-0.018, its width 0.036. Length of ‘oesophagus 0.625-0.748, its width at antetior part 0.045, at posterior part 0.095-0.102. Nerve ring, deirids and excretory pore 0.272-0,299, 0.558-0.802 and 0.979-1.088, respectively, from anterior extremity. Length of tail0.159- 0.171, of its posterior narrowed part 0.042-0.045. Vulva situated 5.30-7.44 from anterior end of body. Vagina di- revted anteriorly. Size of eggs 0.090-0.099 x 0.054-0.057, Female fourth-stage larva (4 specimens): Length of body 2.27-2.29, maximum width 0.095. Cuticle smooth, usmarkedly thick, bands of inflated cuticle at anterior region of body absent. Head end rounded, without elevated ‘mouth region; latter 0.003 long and 0.018 wide. Oesopha- gus 0.307-0:381 long, with somewhat expanded posterior part containing small cell nucleus. Nerve ring and excre- tory pore 0.177-0.190 and 0,462-0.517, respectively, from anterior extremity; deirids not located. Genital primordi- um in posterior part of body, 1.46-1.59 from anterior extremity. Tail conical, 0.110-0.122 long, without con- striction near its dp Hosts: Preradoras granulosus (Valeacienis), local name "armada" ‘mandi-capeta", and Trachydoras paraguayensis (Eigenmann et Ward) "armadinino (bth Doradidae). Site of infection .inesine Localities: Parand River - Guaie and the reservoit ofthe hyétoe- lectic power sation of lsips - Foz do Tguacs ‘Fig... Neoparaseuratum travassosi Moravec, Kohn et Fernandes, 1992. from Trachydoras paraguayensis. A,B - head end of female, lateral and apical views; C- bead end of male, lateral view; D.E - posterior ends of large and small males; F-Yourth-stage lara, general view; GH - anterior and posters ends f fourh-stage leva 116Comments: - This monotypic genus and species have recently been described by the present authors (Mora- vec et al. 1992b) from a few specimens collected from Prerodoras granulosus of the Parané River near Guaira, Since the available nematode” specimens were mostly ‘mounted as stained preparations in Canada balsam, the structure of their mouth could not be studied in detail ‘The morphology of the specimens obtained later from Trackydoras paraguayensis from the Parané River neat Foz do Iguact is almost identical with that of the speci- ‘mens collected from P. granulosus and, therefore, we consider them to be conspecific with N. travassosi. The only difference was found in the numbers (2 vs. 3) of subventral postanal papillae in the male which can be ascribed to intraspecific variability. The material from 7. araguayensis made it also possible to study in detail the structure of the mouth and to describe female fourth-stage larvae, Trachydoras paraguayensis represents a new host record for this nematode parasite. Fam. Cuenllanidae Cobbold, 1864 2. Cucullangs pinnaiTravassos, Artigas et Pereira, 1928 Fig. 2 Redescription: Medium sized nematodes. Oral opening dorsoventrally elongate, surrounded by narrow membra- neous ala (collarette) with riblike thickenings. Four sub- median cephalic papillae and pair of lateral amphids present. Cervical alae absent, Oesophagus muscular, ex- panded at anterior end to form pseudobuccal capsule (cosophastome); posterior part of oesophagus also o- ‘mewhat expanded. Oesophagus opening into intestine through distinct valve, Nerve ring encircling oesophagus at distance from anterior end representing 35-43 % of ‘oesophagus length. Deirids small, pointed, located a short distance anterior to oesophagus end (at 74-85 % of oeso- phagus length); excretory pore slightly anterior to deiids level. Tail conical, pointed, sometimes with blunt tip. Malle (2 specimens from P. ornatus; measurements of another specimen from A. valenciennesi in parentheses): Length of body 5.07 (8.00), width 0.258-0.272 (0.204) Entire oesophagus 0.789 (0.789) long, oesophastome 0.204 (0.190) by 0.190 (0.136); oesophagus representing 15.6 (0.9) % of whole body length. Distance of nerve ring from anterior extremity 0.313 (0.299), representing 40 (38) % of oesophageal length. Distance of deitids 0.639 (0.585), representing 81 (74) % of oesophagus length. Excretory pore 0.558 (-) from anterior end. Length of spicules 0,381-0.681 (0.345). Gubefnaculum well sclero- tized, 0.063-0,069 (0.063) long. Precloacal sucker well developed. Caudal papillae: 5 pairs of preanal, 1 pair of adanal, and 4 pairs (2 subyentral and 2 lateral) postanal;, pair of small lateral phasmids. in region of last wo pairs ‘of postanal papillae. Tail conical, 0.114-0.192 (0.190) long, with pointed tip; tal tip sometimes blunt. Moravee eta: Fish nematodes of the Purand River Female (1 specimen from P. omatus; measurements of 1 juvenile specimen from A. valenciennesi in parentheses): Length of body 9.07 (3.71), width 0.367 (0.122), Entire ‘oesophagus 0.898 (0,626) long, length of oesophastome (0.245 (0.150), its width 0.231 (0.122); oesophagus repre- senting 9.9 (16.8) % of whole body length. Distance of nerve ring from anterior extremity 0.313 (0.218), repre- senting 35 (35) % of oesophagus length. Distance of deirids 0.762 (), representing 85 % of oesophagus length. Excretory pore 0.680 (0.857) from anterior end. Distan of postdeirid in larger specimen 2.27 (-) from posterior extremity. Tail conical, 0.258 (0.150) long; pair of small lateral papillae (phasmids) present near tail tip. Vulva postequatorial, 5.32 (2.52) from anteriorextremity; vulvar lips slightly elevated. Uteti opposed; anterior ovary re- aching anteriorly to end of oesophagus, posterior one to level of rectum. Uterus containing not fally developed eggs measuring 0.042-0.051 x 0,030-0.033 (-). Hosts: Pimelodus omatus Knet, local name “mari (Pimelodidae), ‘td Ageneiosus valenciennes Bleeker, ‘mandube" (Ageneosidae). Site of infection: intestine Locality: Parané River - Gasira, Comments: - The present nematodes correspond, so ‘mewhat to the original description of Cucullanus pinnai Travassos, Artigas et Pereira, 1928 except for the presence of a gubemaculum in our specimens. Although the guber- naculum was not observed in this species by Travas= sos et al. (1928) and Vaz and Pereira (1934), Hamann (1985) found itin C. pinnai specimens origi- nating from the same river drainage system in Argentina, Deirids and postdeirids were not previously described in this species. In attempt to verify some morphological features in C. ppinnai, the specimens of this species collected and deter- mined by Prof. L. Travassos in 1927 and 1946 (Inst. Oswaldo Cruz Col. Nos. 6.076 and 16.349), originating from Pseudoplatystoma sp. and Pseudopimelodus roose- velti from the type locality (Emas - Pirassununga, S. Paulo), were examined, Unfortunately, the specimens pro- ved to be in a very bad condition (black) so that most features could not be studied on them, Nevertheless, it was possible to find that the number and distribution of male ‘caudal papillae was the same as in our specimens. Since ‘our nematodes originate from the same river drainage systems the type specimens of C. pinnai and from related hosts (Pimelodus clarias can be considered a type host of C. pinnai), we consider them to be conspecific with this species, . pinnai was described as the first South-American freshwater Cucullanus species by Travassos et al (1928) from Pinielodus clarius and Pseudoplatystoma sp. from the Parand River basin (Emas, Pirassununga) from Brazil. Later it was reported from the same river drainage system by Travassos and Kohn (1965), Vicente and Pinto (1981), Kohn etal, (1985) and Kohn and Fernandes (1987) from Brazil and by Hamann (1985) from Argentina; they recorded C. pinnai mainly u7rtigas et Pereira, 1928. A,B -head end of malé and female, lateral and subdorsal views; C,D~ le; KM- tal ip of male; LN - tail tip of,from pimelodid catfishes, Pimelodus clarius, P. maculo- sus, P. albicans, Pimelodus sp., Pseudoplatystoma coru- scans, Pseudoplatystoma sp... Pseudopimelodus roosevelti, Luciopimelodus pati, Steindachneridion pary- hybae, and also from characoids: Galeocharax kneri (Characidae) and Leporinus. copelandii (Anostomidae) ‘The present findings of C. pinnai in Pimelodus ornatus and Ageneiosus valenciennesi represent new host records. 3. Cucullanus psendoplatystomae sp. Fig.3 Description: Medium sized nematodes. Body slender, with smooth cuticle. Lateral alae absent. Oral opening dlorsoventrally elongate, surrounded by narrow membra- neous ala (collarette) supported by numerous riblike thie~ kenings. Four submedian cephalic papillae and pair of lateral amphids present. Oesophagus elongate, slender, expanded at anterior end to form pseudobuccal capsule (oesophastome); posterior pat of oesophagus only slight- ly expanded. Oesophagus opening into intestine through large valve. Nerve ring encircling oesophagus at distance representing 26-31 % of oesophagus length. Deirids very small, pointed, near mid-length of oesophagus (at 40-65 4% of oesophagus lenghth); excretory pore approximately at level of deirids. Tail conical, with sharply pointed tip. Male (6 specimens; measurements of holotype in paren- theses): Length of body 9.09-11.83 (9.38), width 0.177- 0.272 (0.177). Length of entire oesophagus 1.09-1.44 (1.13), length of oesophastome 0.258-0,340 (0.258), its ‘width 0,163-0.204 (0.163); minimum width of oesopha- us 0.054-0.095 (0.068), maximum width of posterior part of oesophagus 0,095-0.177 (0.095). Oesophagus repre- senting 11.5-13.8 (12.0) % of whole body length, Distance of nerve ring from anterior extremity 0:313-0.408 (0.340), representing 26-31 (30) % of oesophagus length. Distance of deirids 0.639-0.721 (0.639) from anterior tip, repre- senting 50-62 (57) % of oesophagus length. Excretory pore 0.639-0.775 (0,639) from anterior end, Anterior end of testis far posterior to oesophagus end. Spicules 0.486- 0.534 (0.534) long, provided with wide membrancous alae. Gubernaculum wel sclerotized, 0.075-0.084 (0.081) Tong. Precloacal sucker well developed: Caudal papilla: 5 (exceptionally 6) pairs of preanal, 1 pair of adanal and 4 pairs (2 subventral and 2 lateral) postanal; one pair of small lateral phasmids anterior to last two pairs of mar- edly elevated postanal papillae. Tail conical, slender, 0.150-0.198 (0.180) long, with sharply pointed tp. Female (10 specimens; measurements of allotype in pa~ rentheses): Length of body 8.57-15.16 (15.16), width 0.204-0.272 (0.272). Cuticle smooth, in some females several minute somatic papillae observed associated with Bland:-like strictures (Fig. 3D), distributed irregularly on posterior part of body. Length of entire oesophagus 1.10- 1.47 (1.27) length of oesophastome 0,258-0,326 (0.258), its width 0.163-0.218 (0.163); oesophagus representing 83-147 (8.3) % of whole body length. Distance of nerve ring from anterior extremity 0,326-0.422 (0.340), repre- “Moravec eta: Fish nematodes ofthe Parand River senting 26-31 (26) % of oesophagus length. Distance of deirids 0.544-0.721 (0.707) from anterior tip, representing 41-65 (56) % of oesophagus length. Distance of postdeirid 1.47 from posterior extremity in juvenile female with body length 5.85. Excretory pore 0.520-0.762 (0.748) fromanteriorend. Tal conical, markedly slender and long, with sharply pointed tip; one pair of small lateral phasmids present near tal tip; length of tail 0.299-0.394 (0.367). Valva postequatorial, 5.98-8.77 (8.77) from po- sterior extremity. Short muscular vagina directed anteri- orly. Uteri opposed; anterior ovary far posterior to ‘oesophagus end, posterior ovary reaching almost to rec- tum. Few eggs in uterus; mature egg almost spherical, thin-walled, its content uncleaved or cleaved into two blastomeres; size of eggs 0.045-0.060 x 0.030-0.045 (0.048-0.060 x 0.042-0.045). ‘Type host: Peeudoplrystoma coruscans (Agassi), local nae “pin- {ado (Pimeodiae), Site of infection: imestne. ‘Type locality: Parané River - Gusira (October 1988), Deposition of types: Insituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro (holoype, allotype, paratypes ~ Cat. Nos, 32.829 ae 32.910, 32.913; 32.914): Insitute of Parasitology, ASCR, Ceské Buddjovice (paratypes -Cat-No. N-S76). Etymology: The specific name is derived om the generic ame of the fish host. Comments: - The genus Cucullanus Miller, 1777 inclu- des a large number of species with rather uniform morpho- logy. Many species have been inadequately described and, therefore, itis practically impossible to compare the new species with all other congeners. Consequently, conside- ting the exclusiveness of the neotropical fauna of helmin- ths parasitizing freshwater fishes, C. pseudoplatystomae sp.n. is compared with all the Cucullanus species hitherto ‘known from South-American freshwater fishes. ‘The morphology of this new species is rather similar to that of C: pinnai, but generally the body and some organs (ex. oesophagus, tal) of C. pseudoplatystomae sp. are ‘much more elongate and slender. Both species differ dis- tinctly in the position of the nerve ring and deirids in relation to the oesophagus length: in C. pinnai, the nerve ring is only slightly anterior to the mid-length of oesopha- gus (at 35-43 % of oesophagus length) and deirids are slightly anterior to the oesophagus end (at 74-85 % of ‘oesophagus length). The body and the oesophagus of . pinnai are shorter but broader than those in C. pseu~ doplatystomae; the ratio of the length of oesophagus to the width at its posterior part is 5.5-5.8 : lin C. pinnai and 8.1-11.9 : 1 in C, pseudoplatystomae: The anterior ovary reaches anteriorly the end of oesophagus in C. pinnai, but by far not it in C. pseudoplatystomae. The female tail is conspicuously more slender and longer in the new species than in C. pinnai. The two last paits of postanal papillae are markedly more elevated and phasmids are shifted more anteriorly in the new species than in C. pinnai. ‘The shape of oesophagus and position ofthe nerve ring of C. pseudoplatystomae resemble those of C. oswaldo- 19Fig. 3, Cucllana preudplansomae on jor end of male, lateral and do ster no mals ler and del ewe potest -sia of p povtror end a ae cit piso peal pps MN tal fae ae an venta wi 120cruzi Santos, Vicente et Jardim, 1979, a species described from the catfish Zungaro zungaro from the same river drainage system in Brazil. However, the spicules of the latter species are much longer than in C. pseudoplatysto- ‘mae (1.14 mm vs.0.49-0.53 mm); these two species differ also in the shape of female tail, size of body and number cf postanal papillae in the male. Another species described from the same host species in Brazil, Cucullanus zungaro ‘Vaz et Pereira, 1934, has shorter spicules (0.64-0.70 mm) than C. oswaldocruzi and its oesophagus is much shorter (0.5-0.64 mm vs. 1.1-1.5 mm). There are also differences in the distribution of postanal papillae in the male and body size. On the basis of the length of spicules, the new species can be distinctly differentiated also from three other Cu- cullanus species described from South-American fre- shwater fishes, C. pauliceae Vaz: et Pereira, 1934, C. schubartiTravassos, 1948, and C, colossomi Dias-Uneria, 1968, in which the spicules measure 1.2 mm, 1.0-1.4 mm and 1.3 mm, respectively (vs. 0.49-0.53 mm in C. pseudo- latystomae); the first two species are known from the pimelodid Paulicea lwetkeni from the Parand R. basin from Brazil and Argentina and Brazil, respectively, whe- reas the third one occurs in the characid Cotossoma ma- cropomus in the R. Orinoco in Venezuela. The ‘South-American species C. mogi Travassos, 1948, descri- bed from the anostomid Leporinus sp. from Brazil, can be distinguished from the new species mainly by a different type of oesophagus (short and wide vs. long and narrow), position of the nerve ring near the mid-length of oesopha- gus and absence of the gubernaculum. The recently desc- ribed species Cucullanus grandistomis (Ferraz et ‘Thatcher, 1988) comb. n. from Pseudodoras niger of the Brazilian Amazon can be distinguished from C. pseudo- platystomae mainly by the absence of the precloacal suc- ker. Travassos et al. (1928) and Hamann (1985) reported another species, Cucullanus pinnai, from Pse- udoplatystoma sp. and P. coruscans from the Parand R. basin in Brazil and Argentina, respectively. The speci- ‘mens fromtthese hosts might well belong to C. pseudo- platystomae. 4, Cucullanus brevispiculus sp. n. Fig. 4 Description of male (1. specimen, holotype): Medium sized nematode with smooth cuticle. Length of body 1136, width 0.313. Very narrow lateral cuticular alae present, starting at level of oesophastome and extending posteriorly to shortdistance behind deirids. Entire oeso-, phagus 0.830 long (representing 7 % of whole body leng= th), its minimum width 0.066, maximum width at its ‘posterior part 0.129; oesophastome well developed, 0.201 long and 0.165 wide. Nerve ring and deirids 0.313 and 0,721, respectively, from anterior extremity (at 38 % and, 87 % of oesophagus length); excretory pore somewhat. anterior to oesophagus end, 0.734 from anterior extremity “Moravec et al: Fish nematodes ofthe Parant River Spicules markedly short, 0.225 long; gubernaculum well developed, slender in lateral view, 0.090 long, Precloacal sucker present. Caudal papillae: 5 pairs of preanal and 5 pairs (3 subventral and 2 lateral) postanal; pair of small lateral phasmids at level of last pair of subventral papillae. Tail conical; relatively short, measuring 0:218; tail tip sharply pointed Female: unknown, Type host: Auchenpterusmuchalis (Spi), local name "syrumanha" (uchenipteridae) Site of infection: inestine Type locality: Reservoir of the hydroclegtic power sation of Tai ~ Fox do Tgused, Brazil 23 April -3 May 1991). Deposition of type: Insitute Oswaldo Cruz, Rie Janeco (holoype - Col. No. 32.951). Etymology: The specific name "brevspiculis" describes charac erate feature of ths species, ie. the presence of markedly short, spicules. Comments: - Only one male and one larva ofthis species were recovered from A. nuchalis. However, the morpho- logy ofthe available male is conspicuously different from that of other Cucullanus species parasitizing South-Ame- rican freshwater fishes. This concerns mainly the presence of lateral alae (absent in other species) and the markedly short (0.225-mm) spicules, not reachinig-aiteriorly a half distance Between cloacal opening and predlcacal sucker; spicules of other South-American species are larger than 0.5 mm (slightly shorter (0.38 mm) only in juvenile males of C. pinnai), anteriorly reaching the precloacal sucker of all-Cucullanus species, ofly C. theraponi Rasheed; 1968 described from marine fishes from Pakistan, resembles C. brevispiculus 8p. n. in the length of spicules (in all other species the spicules are longer); it differs, however, in the absence of a 1 sucker, among other features. C. brevispiculus is the first species known from fishes of the family Auchenipteridae. 5. Cucullanus pimelodellae sp. 0. Fig. 5 Description of male (2 specimens)(holotype; measure- ‘ments of paratype in parentheses): Length of body 3.74 (4.92), width 0.163 (0.190). Oral opening with circumoral collarefie dnd numergis small teeth, Féur submedian cep- halic papitlae and pair of small lateral deirids present. esophagus elongate, forming somewhat expanded oeso- phasjome at its anterior end; posterior end of,oesophagus markedly broader than its anteriorend, Entire oesophagus 0:577,(0:666) long, length of oesophastome 0.084 (0.095), its width 0.063 (0.068); minimum width of oesophagus £033 (0.081), maximum width of posterior,pért of oeso- ‘phagus 0.078 (0.095). Oesophagus representing 15 (14) % of whole body length. Distance of nerve ring from anterior extremity 0,207 (0.204), representing 36 (31) % of oeso- phagus length. Distance of excretory pore 0.353 (0.3% deirids 0.380 (.) from anterior extremity. Precloacal suc~ ker absent. Spicules 0,210. (0,230) long, selatively, broad |Gubernaculum present; 0,836 (0.045) long. Caudal papi- Tae: 6 (5) pairs of subventral preanal papillae, 1 pair of 1240.05 mm 0.1mm. Fig 4, Cicutlanus bievispésitad $i n= views: Baideiid: Re ‘AB enti end 6 ‘herald dorsal views; C.D tail aera and venta oF dy vet wat lve 122cil body. of otber specie la Fig 5. Qucullanus pniclodellae spn: mae. A. asieriorend af body. do RG posterior end of by of eral and end of body;adanal, and 5 pairs (3 subventral and 2 lateral) of postanal papillae present. Tail conical, 0.132 long, with sharply pointed tip. Female: unknown, ‘Type host: Pimelodellalaeristriga (Moeller Troschel) local aie “mandi-chorio" (Pimeloida). Site of infection: intestine Type locality: Paran4 River - Gusira (30 September - 11 October 1985). Deposition of types: Institue of Parasitology, ASCR, Ceské ‘Buujovice (holorype - Cat. No. N - $83}; Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Riode Janeiro (paratype - Col, No. 32.826). Etymology: The specific name “pimelodella" is derived from the ‘generic name of its fish host. ‘Comments: - In 1957, Ali created a new genus Indocu- cullanus to accommodate Cucullanus species without a precloacal sucker in the male. It was later synonymized by Petter (1974) with Cucullanus (see alsoCh abaud 1978), which is followed here, but this synonymy has not been generally accepted (seee.g.Ivashkin and Khro- mova 1976, Sood 1989). By having no precloacal sucker, the new species is easily distinguished from the majority of Cucullanus spe- cies parasitizing South-American freshwater fishes from which it-differs also in other features. Only two species; CCucullants interrogativus’Travassos, Artigas et Pereira, 1928. from Salminus maxitlosus and C. grandistomis (Femaz et ‘Thatcher, 1988) comb. n, fom Pseudodoras niger, both from, Brazil, are characterized by the absence of the precloacal sucker, However, the frst species markedly differs from the} present specimens in the presence of 9 pais of preanal papillae and 1 unpaired papilla, shape of spicules, body size, and is considered by Petter (1989) tobe identical with Neocucullanus neocucullanus Travassos, Artigas et Perera, 1928. The latter species is characterized by possessing longer spicules (0.78 mm vs, 0.21-0.33) compared to C. pimelodellae. The new species can be distinguished from other Cucullanus species ‘without the precloacal sucker, mainly by the length of spicules and the number and arrangement of caudal papillae in the mal. 6. Cucullanus sp. 1 Fig. 6 A.B Description of female (fragments of anterior and poste- rior parts of body of 2 specimens): Fragment of anterior part of body '1.29 long and 0.394 wide, that of posterior part of body 13.80 long and 0.408 wide. Oesophagus’ elongate, 1.50 fori; its minimum width 0.122, maximus) width of its postetior part 0.177; anterior end of o€sopha’ gus forming oesophastonie 0.394 long and 0.258 widg. Nerve ring and deitids 0.490 and 0.830, respeptively, from anterior extremity. (at 33 % and 55 % of oesophagus, length); excretory pore not observed, Postdeirid sitisted 5.59 from anterior end of body. Vulva of one specimen 7.89 from anterior extremity and that of another one 7.08 from posterior extremity. Uterus containing only imma- ture éggs: Thi conical, 0.544 Tong, with ne pait of sal phasmids near tail tip. 124 Host: Paulicea luesken| (Steindachner, local name "jas" (Pimelod ae), Site of infection: intestine Locality: Paran River - Guaira, Comments: - Only body fragments of two female speci- mens and one complete fourth-stage larva (3.26 long and 0.109 wide) were obtained from Paulicea luetkeni. The morphology of this species, particularly the shape of oc- sophagus and position of the nerve ring and deirids, re- sembles that of C. pseudoplatystomae sp. n. and C. oswaldocruzi Santos, Vicente et Jardim, 1979. Since no males were available, specific identification is impossible. ‘Two congeneric species, C. pauliceae Vaz et Pereira, 1934 and C. sehubarti Travassos, 1948, reported from Paulicea Iuetkeni in the Parana R. basin from Brazil and Argentina (see Vaz and Pereira 1934, Trayassos 1948,Ha- mann 1984), seem to be morphologically different from our specimens (Ha mann (1984) considers C. schubarti a synonym of C. pauliceae). 7. Cucullanus sp. 2 Fig. 6C-H Description of female (1 specimen): Body 9.38 long ‘and 0.340 wide, Cutigle smooth, lateral alae absent. Ocsophagus short, with moderstely duflined oeso- phastome. Length of oesophagus 0.952,/i}smninimum ‘width 0.122, maximum width of its posterior part 0.190; ‘oegophastome 0.285 long and 0.190 wide. Nerve ring ‘aiid deirids 0.408 and 0.775, respectively, from anterior extremity (at 42 % and 81 % of oesophagus length); excretory pore 0,721 from anterior end of body. Postde- iid 2.27 from posterior extremity. Vulva 5.10 from anterior end. Utéfus containing immature eggs.‘ Tail conical, 0.313 long, with pair of lateral phasmids near posterior end, Host: Prerodoras granulosus (Valenciennes), local name “armado™ (Doradidae), Site of infection: intestine Lidcality: Reserwit ofthe hydrciecic power staid of ups - For do iguacs. Comments: - The oply female recovered resembles that sof C. pinnai Travassodl Artigas et Pereiri,: 1928; but the shape of oesophagus, particularly oesophastome, is so- ‘mewhat different. Siite’n males were.available, specific identification is impossible. . “The only cucullaid species described from fishes of the family Doradidae is Bacudacnitis grandlistomis Ferraz et Thatcher, 1988 from Pseudedorasniger ofthe Brazilian Amazon (see Ferraz and-Thatcher 1988). Although the recently erected monotygic genus Bacudacniits Ferraz et Thatcher, 1988 is evidently a synonym of Cucullanus Miller, 1777, the morphology of C. grandistomis (Ferraz et Thatcher, 1988) comb. n. (especially the presence of a et ie ‘S€tpphastonte) sqlite different font that of the preset spécifen. |”Moravec etal: Fish nematodes ofthe Parand River 0.2mm 0.5mm Fig. 6. A,B - Cucullanus sp. 1 from Paulicea Iuetkeni - female (A - anterior end of body, dorsal view; B - til, ventral view); CH - (Cucullanus sp. 2 from Pterodoras granulosus - female (C,D - anterior end of body, lateral and dérsaly views; E-deirid; F-postdeirid; G-tip of tal; H - tail).8. Cucullanus sp.3 Fig.7 Description of male (1 mounted specimen): Length of, body 6.26, maximum width 0,204. Oral opening surroun- ded by highly developed collarette and numerous circu- moral riblike thickenings. Cephalic papillae markedly large. Oesophagus elongate, narrow, with not well distin- guished oesophastome; entire oesophagus 0,694 long, len- gth of oesophastome 0.150, its width 0.082; minimum width of oesophagus 0.041, maximum width of posterior part of oesophagus 0.082. Oesophagus representing 11.1 % of whole body length. Distance of nérve ring from anterior extremity 0.218, representing 31 % of oesophagus length, Distance of deirids 0.598; excretory pore not loca- ted. Precloacal sucker well developed, Spicules 0.600 Jong, with pointed distal tips. Gubernaculum present, (0.054 long. Preanal papillae: 3 pairs of single and 1 pair of double preanal papillae present. Postanal papillae: 1 pair of large double papillae and 2 pairs of smaller single papillae observed. Tail conical, 0.168 long, with sharply pointed tip. Host: Serrasalmus marginatus (Valensiennes), local name “piranha” (Cheracidae), Site of infection: intestine Locality: Parané River 2mm Fig. 7, Cucullanus sp. 3 from Serrasalmus marginatus male. A. end of body; E = tail 126 zi Comments: - Some morphological features (e.g, shape of the oesophagus, position of nerve ring and deirids) of the only available, mounted specimen shows similarities to C. pseudoplatystomae sp. n., but the distribution of male caudal papillae and the structure of the headend (markedly large cephalic papillae and collarette) seem to be different. Since only one specimen is available, we are designating it oly as Cucullanus sp. 9, Dichelyne leporini Petter, 1989 Fig. 8 Redeseription: Body rather large, cuticle thin, with slight longitudinal striation, Lateral alae absent, Oral opening dorsoventrally elongate, surrounded by narrow membra- neous ala (collarette) and numerous minute teeth, Four submedian cephalic papillae and pair of smaller lateral amphids present, Oesophagus elongate, slender, expanded at anterior end to form short pseudobuccal capsule (oeso- pPhastome); posterior part of oesophagus also somewhat expanded. Oesophagus opening into intestine through large valve. Nerve ring encircling oesophagus approxima- tely at one fourth ofits length, in young specimens at one third, Intestine forming dorsal, anterior caecum initiating near end of oesophageal valve and extending anteriorly to level of excretory pore in juvenile specimens, but far c mM aneriorend of body, subdersal view; B,C headend D = poseiorFig. 8. Dichelyne leporini Peter, 1989. A,B - head énd of feinale and male, lateral and dorsal views C head end of young female; = tail of male; E- tail of young female; F - tail of female; G - egg: H - tail tip of femate; T- tail tip of male; J - posterior en male. E 127Fig. 9. Raphidascaris (S.) mahnert (Petter et Cassone, 1984) from Loricariichthys sp. cephalic end. A dorsal view (x 2,100), B- sublateral view (x 2.300), C - sublateral view of another specimen (x 3,000): ca - cervical al, ce- cuticular elevation, dl - dorsal ip, V1 - ventrolateral lip. anteriorly in fully mature specimens. Excretory pore at level of deirids or somewhat anterior to them. Tail conical, with sharply pointed tip. Malle (1 specimen): Length of body 9.72, maximum width 0.218. Length of entire oesophagus 1.14, length of oeso- phastome 0.218, its width 0.150; minimum width of oeso- phagus 0.054, maximum width of posterior part of ‘oesophagus 0.109. Oesophagus representing 11.7 % of whole body length. Distance of nerve ring from anterior extremity 0.272, of deirids 0.911; excretory pore not loca: ted. Length of intestinal caecum 0.925, its width 0.082, Anterior end of testis far below oesophagus end. Spicules 128 0.660 long, relatively broad, with pointed distal ends. Gubernaculum narrow in lateral view, 0.090 long. Pre- cloacal sucker absent. Caudal papillae: 5 pairs of preanl, 1 pair of adanal and 4 pairs of postanal papillae present; phasmids not located. Tail conical, 0.218 long, Female (5 specimens; measurements of additional, very ‘young specimen in parentheses): Length of body of gravid females 17.71-23.87 (4.84), maximum width 0.462-0.707 (0.163), Length of entire oesophagus 1.41-1.65(0.76).length ‘of oesophastome 0.272-0.313 (0.190), its width 0,204-0.231 (0.163); minimum width of oesophagus 0.082 (0.054), ma- ‘ximum width of posterior part of oesophagus 0,163-0.204(0.082); oesophagus representing 6.2-8.4 (15.7) % of whole body length. Distance of nerve ring from anterior extremity 0:340-0.367 (0.245), of excretory pore 1.05 1.28 (0.585), of deirids 1.16-1.35 (0.612). Length of intes- tinal caecum 1.20-1.27 (0.258), its width 0.095-0.136 (0.027). Tail conical, 0.367-0.422 (0.218) long, with pair of sinall lateral phasmids situated near its mic-length. Vulva postequatorial, 12.88-15.01 (2.99) from anterior extremity; vulvar lips slightly elevated. Short vagina di rected anteriorly. Uterus opposed, containing many eggs; anterior ovary far below oesophagus end. Mature oges almost spherical, thin-walled, their content uncieaved or cleaved into two blastomeres; size of eggs 0.060-0.081 x (01051-0.060 (). Host: Schisodon fasciatus’ Agus, here "pa (Anode Site of in Locality: Parané River - Guia ‘Comments: - This species was recently described by Petter (1989) from Leporinus friderici (fam. Anosto- ‘midae) from Paraguay as the first representative of the ‘genus Dichelyne parasitizing South-American freshwater fishes. Specimens of the present material are morphologi- cally almost identical with the original description; appa: rently, they are more developed than those studied by Petter (1989) and, accordingly, their measurements are greater and their intestinal caecum is mostly extending ‘more anteriorly; the only female of this species studied by Petter (1989) was nongravid, The young specimen (a nongravid female) of the present material (Fig. 8 C) pos- sesses the intestinal caecum extending only to the level of excretory pore as it has been described and illustrated for this species by Petter (1989). Since the present nema- todes originate from the host belonging also to the family Anostomidac and are coming from the same river drainage system, there are no doubts that they belong to D. leporini. Schizodon fasciatus represents a new host record. This species is reported from Brazil for the frst time. Ascaridoidea Fam, Anisakidae Railliet et Henry, 1915 10. Raphidascaris (Sprentascaris) mahnerti (Petter et Cassone, 1984) Figs. 9,10 Hosts: Loricara lticeps Regan; local name “eascudo%espada and Loricanichthys sp. "cascudo" (both Lorcaridae) Site of infection: imestine. Localities: Pacané River - Gusira and the reservoir of the hydrve Tecrie power sation ofIaips- For do Fused ‘Comments: - This species has already been reported from the Parand River from Brazil by Moravec etal. (1990) who recorded it from Loricaria laticeps, Additional spe- ccimens ofthis species were collected from Loricariichthys sp. of the water reservoir of Itaipd- Foz do Iguacé in 1991 Originally this species was described by Petter and “Moraver et al: Fish nematodes ofthe Parané River Cassone (1984) from Loricariichthys platymetopon and Loricariichthys cf. labias from Paraguay. SEM study of the anterior body end of this species ‘confirmed the structure of mouth elements as described in the papers by Petter and Cassone (1984) and Mo- ravec etal, (1990), Fig. 10. Raphidascaris (S.) mahnerti (Petter et Cassone, 1984) from Loricariichthys sp. - cephalic end. A - subapical view (x 2,700), B -subdorsal view (x 2,400); ce ~ cuticular elevation, “orsai lip, vI- ventrolateral lip. 11, Raphidascaris (Sprentascaris) sp. larva Fig. 11 HL Description (1 specimen): Length of body 1.90, width (01082; cuticle smooth. Head end provided with ventral cephalic tooth 0.006 long. Length of anlagen of lips 0.012. esophagus narrow, 0.378 long, provided with ventricu- lus 0.033 long and 0.057 wide; ventricular appendix very short, Nerve ring and excretory pore. 0.165 and 0.204, respectively, from anterior extremity. Tail conical, sharply pointed, 0120 long, Host: Geophagus brasiliensis (Quoy et Gaimard), local nave “acar (Giidae), Site of infection® intestine Locality: Parand River ~Guaie 129‘Comments: - This specimen is a third-stage larva belon: ging to the subgenus Raphidascaris (Sprentascaris).Since the three known.species of this subgenus, all. described from South-American catfishes, are based on the morpho- logy of adults, the larva cannot be specifically identified: Geophagus brasiliensis may be a paratenic host. 12, Hysterothylacium sp. larvae Fig. 11D-G Description (5 specimens from R. vulpinus): Small, whi- tish nematodes. Cuticle with very fine transverse stration length of striae some 0,002), occasionally almost smooth. Head end. rounded, with small ventral Cephalic tooth esophagus slender, 0,246-0.270 fong, somewhat expait- ded near its anterior-end. Small, spherical ventriculus present, siz8 0015-01018 x 0.018; long, narrow pos ventricular appendix sheasiiriiig 0.857-0.966. Nerve ting: and excretory poré-0.129-0,147 and 0.144-0.171, respec- tively, from anterior extremity, Anterior intestinal caecum. very short, 0.024-01033 long, only slightly exceeding ven- triculus anteriorly, Small genital primordinns im posterior, half of body, 1.36-1,63 from anterior satrefaity. Tail o cal, with rounded tip without any caudal mucrons; length. of tail 0.051-0,063. Hosts: Raphtedon vulpimus Agassiz, log nae “donradocachoro" Salm one aa aie lei ord Satan en ‘scorn "Sen (Scene Cree cs (Cichidee. ‘Site of infection: imesing tee o eneyed ‘Localities: Parana River - Foo do Igacd and be reserve of he “yok: power ston of ai Fo as Comimients: ~ These nematodes represeat the thug larvaeof the genus, Hysterothylaciua 1917 the adults of which are parasitic in various fish species. All. the larvae recovered: are thoiphologically identical and apparently conspecific. The fish hosts recor- ded are probably intermediate or patatenic hosts. The only Hysterothylacium species reported from Brazil is H. fortalezae (Klein, 1973)(see Vicente. et al. 1985) the morphology of which is similar to that of larvae of the present material, Although. it:parasitizes. some, marine fishes of the families Scombridae, Carangidae, Serranidae and Clupeidae (see Deardorff:and Overstreet 1981, Vicente etal, 1985), itmight.be carried fromthe marine environment into fresh waters by some migratory. fishes, for example clupeids. 0 ‘ 13, Conitracaeeum spl lat? 0 Fig AWC Description (7 specimens): Body 3:89:4.80 lotigand 0.150-0.313 wide. Cuticle transversely striated, length of striae 0.018-0.021."Head énd rounded, beating small ven- tral tooth; anlagen of lips litle developed. Excretory pore near ventral cephalic tooth. Qesophagus namow, 0.537+ 130 0.693 long. Ventriculus small, size 0.024-0.033 x.0.033+ 0.036; posterior ventricular appendix long-and wide, me- asuring 0.510-0.721. Nerve ring 0.204-0.225 from anterior extremity. Intestinal caecum wide, extending an- teriorly almost to nerve ring; its length 0:310-0,476. Intes- tinal caecum to ventricular appendix length 1: 1.5-1,7 Genital primordium indistinct. Tail conical, 0.078-0.126 long. Hosts: Galeocharas huneralis (Valencicnaes), local name "peixe-ca- ‘ele, G. nen Stindachnen,"peie-cadel”,Raphiodon vulpirus Ag urado-cachorf (all Characidn), Hoplas malabaricus mmalabariéus (Bloch). “wala” (Erythrinkae), Plaglscion sua masisimus (Heckel), "corvina”(Sciseidae), and Crenicihlalep- dota Heckel, "joann (Cichlid). Site of infection: intestine free or encysted Localities: Parana River - Gusita and For do Igusch and the reservoirofthe hydroelectric power station of laipd-FozdoTguaed. ‘Comments: - These larvae are characterized by the pre~ sence of, a very long ventricular appendix the length of which exceeds that of the intestinal caecum. Similat Con- tracaecura larvae from fishes in Brazil have been reported by Kloss (1966). The adult forms of these larvae are apparently. parasitic in fish-eating birds; fishes serve either as the second intermediate hosts 0° paratenic hosts. Contracaecum larvae have been reported from Brazilian fishes by various authors (see e.g. Vicente et al. 1985, Kohn etal, 1988). 14. Contracaecum sp. 2 larvae Fig. 12D-G Description (3 specimens): Body 15.70 -25.70 long and 0.449-0,843 wide, Transverse striations of cuticle distinct only on body ends, striae 0,006 long. Head end rounded with small ventral tooth; anlagen of lips little developed. Excretory pore near ventral cephalic tooth, deirids 0.326- 0.340 from anterior end of body. Oesophagus narrow, 1.97-2:11 long. Ventrictilus small, size 0.063 x 0.081; posterior ventricular appendix short, measuring 0.46 0.503. Nerve ring 0.313-0.381 from anterior extremity. Intestinal caecum very long, extending anteriorly almost to nerve ring; its length 1.50-1.58. Intestinal caecum to ‘ventricular appendix length 1:0.3. Tail conical,0.095 long. Hosts: Rephiodon ulpinus Agasi, local name "douredo-cacherro", (Characidae), Prochilodus vena Steichen) "catia" (Pro. chilogidae), and Pseudoplarstoma coruscans (gssin,"pintado” (Pimetodidae). Site, of infection: abaminal cavity, stomich;encysted or free, Localities: Parané River - For dp iguana the reservoir ofthe Inydeelecrc power station of Tint - Foz do Iguacu. peritoneum, pesonepbros, Comments: - A characteristic feature of these nematodes is:the-length of the intestinal caecum reaching, just poste> riorto the nerve ring and the relatively short ventricular appendix, Adults of these larvae maycbelong to the mor- phological group of species, represented by C: microce ‘halum»(Rudolphi, -1819},.C:; muitipapillatum. (Drasche, 1882), C, mioropapillatum (Stossich, 1890), €. caballeroiMoravec et al: Fish nematodes ofthe Parané River Fig. 11. A-C- Goezia sp. larva from Raphiodon vulpinus (Ahead end; B - general view; C = tai; D-G - Hysterothylacium sp. larva from Raphiodon vulpinus (D - general view: E- head end; F- anterior end of body; G - til HI - Raphidascaris (Spremtascaris) sp. larva from Geophagus brasiliensis (H - anterior end of body; I tail). 1310.2mm 0.2mm Fig. 12. A-C Contracaecum sp. | larva (A.- general view; B - head end; C tal); D-G - Contracaecu sp, 2 larva (D = anterior end of body: E,F head end, lateral and dorsal views; G -tail(A = from Galeocharax humeralis, B,C - from Crenicichla lepidota; D - from Prochilodus scrofa, E-G - from Pseudoplatystoma coruscans).. Bravo Hollis, 1939, C. plagiaticum Lent et Freitas, 1948 among others, parasitizing mainly fish-eating birds. Simi- lar larvae were found, for‘exainple, in fishes in Cuba (Barus andMorave¢ 1967, Moravec andBarus 1971), Fishes may serve as second intermediate hosts or paratenic hosts. ‘ Note: Although the present larvae, as well as those of the foregoing species, are listed here in Contracaecum, their possible appurtenance to the closely related genus Galeiceps Railliet; 1916 cannot be excluded; larval stages of Galeiceps ate not known biit they may be morphologi- cally similar to those of Coniracaecum. 132 15, Goezia sp. larvae Fig AB Description (1 specimen from R. vulpinus): Length of body 1.35, maximum width 0.095. Cuticle of anterior part of body provided with numerous transverse rows of spi- nes; altogether 45 rows, each composed of about 65 spi- ‘nes, present. Lips moderately developed. Oesophagus 0.222 long, provided with ventriculus measuring 0.018 x 0.021; ventricular appendix 0.612 long, length of anterior intestinal caecum 0.027. Tail conical, 0.060 long, with few mucrons at tip. Hosts: Raphiodon vulpimus Agassiz, lval name "dourado-cachorro", ‘Serrasalmus marginatus (Valenciennes), "piranha: prateada™ (bothCharacidae),\ and Ageneiosus volencennesi Bleeker, “‘mandube (Agenciosiae). Site of infection: imestine. Localities: Parané River - Gusira and For do lguaes Comments: - This nematode, representing probably the fourth-stage larvae, may be conspecific with Goezia spi- nulosa (Diesing, 1839), the only species of this genus reported from freshwater fishes in Brazil (Vicente et 1985). This parasite was recorded from the middle reaches of the Parang River in Argentina by Hamann (1984), Habronematoidea Fam. Cystidicolidae Skrjabin, 1946 16. Spinitecass asperus Travassos, Artigas et Pereira, 1928 Host: Prochilodus scrofa Steidachne, local name "ewimbats" (Pro- ‘hilodontdae), Site of infection: stomach Locality: Parané River - Guaira. ‘Comments: - Only one young, damaged female specimen of this parasite was obtained and, therefore, its spe identification is based principally on its host type. 5. ‘asperus was originally described by Travassos et al. (1928) from one female specimen originating from Pro- chilodus scrofa in Brazil (Emas - Pirassununga) and tater it was redescribed by Fernandes et al. (1982) from the same host species and locality. This is the first record of S. asperus from the Parand River. Acuarioidea Fam, Acuariidae Raillict, Henry et Sisoff, 1912 17. Acuariinae gen. sp. larvae Fig. 13, Description (2 specimens): Whitish nematodes with dense, very fine transverse striation of cuticle. Length of body 5.58-6.66, maximum width 0.163-0.204. Cuticle thick, loosened on anterior end of body. Pseudolabia co- nical. Thin vestibule 0.030-0.042 long present. Oesopha- gus composed of anterior muscular part 0.159-0.295 long, REFERENCES Moravec etl Fish nematodes of the Parané River Fig. 13. Acuariinae gen. sp.larva from Salminus maxillosus. A- anterior end of body, B - tal and much longer posterior glandular part 2.27-2.79 long. Nerve ring 0.138-0.141 from anterior extremity; excretory pore and deirids not observed. Tail short, conical, 0.051- 0.054 long. Host: Salmimus maxillosus Valenciennes, local name "douredo” (Cha- racidae), Site of infection: encysted in stomach. Locslity: Parané River - Fox do Iguaci. Comments: - This is apparently the third-stage larva of an acuatiid nematode, probably a parasite of fish-eating birds, S. maxillosus serves as its paratenic host. Acknowledgements. The authors are grateful to Drs. Borghetti ‘and Carla Canzi from the Iiaipi Binacional, for the facilities offered to examine the fishes from the reservoir of the hydroe- lectric power station and from the Parand River. We are also grateful to Drs, H.V, Pipolo and MP. Godoy, and to "Centrais Elétricas do Sul do Brasil S/A (Eletrosul)", for the facilities offered in the locality of Guaira, Our thanks are also due to the staff of the Laboratory of Eleciron Microscopy of the former South-Bohemian Biological Centre, CAS, Ceské Budéjovice, for their technical assistance. ALIS.M, 1957: Studies onthe nematode parasites of fishes and birds found in Hyderabad Stat. Ind. J. Helminthol. 8 (Year 1956): 183, BARUS V,, MORAVEC. 1967; Systematic studies of parasitic ‘worms, found in the hosts Lepisosteus tristoechus (Gyngly- modi, Lepisosteidae) and Hyla insulsa (Ecaudata, Hylidae) from Cuba, Acta Soc. Zool, Bohemoslov. 31: I-14 CHABAUD A.G. 1978: Keys to genera of the superfamilies Cosmocercoidea, Seuratoides and Subuluroidea, CTH Keys to the nematode parstes of vertebrates 6. Commonwealth ‘Agricul. Bureau, Farbem Royal, Bucks, 71 pp. DEARDORFF TL, OVERSTREETR.M. 1981: Review of Hys- terothyiacium and Iheringascaris (both previously = Thynnas- caris) (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from the northeastern Gulf of Mexico. Proc. Bil. Soc. Wash. 93: 1035-1079. FERRAZ E., THATCHER VE. 1988: Bacudacnitis grandisto- ‘mis gen. et sp.nov. (Nematoda: Cucullanidae) parasita intes- tinal de um bagre, Pseudodoras niger (Valenciennes) da ‘Amazonia brasileira. Amazoniana 10: 249-253 HAMANN MAL 1984: Nematodbos parasitos de peces pimelodi- dos de rfo Parané Medio, Republica Argentina (Pisces, Pi- ‘melodidae). 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