Limits & Differential calculus pure mathematics
iSudj iy wjl,kh Limits & Differential calculus
̅
√
√
(odu kS;sh)
| |√
| |√
oy;=ka jirla mqrd /os Y=oaO .Ks;fha áhqIka mdrñ;dj, bxPsfkare,
.sydka pdñkaÿ
pg. 1
Limits & Differential calculus pure mathematics
1. kï ̅ yd fidhd [Link]
mj;s kï th fidhkak.
2. kï ̅ yd fidhd [Link]
mj;s kï th fidhkak.
3. kï ̅ yd fidhd [Link]
mj;s kï th fidhkak
4. my; iSud [Link].
1. 2 3.
5. my; iSud [Link].
√ √ √ √
√
√ √ √ √
√ √
–√ √ √
–√ √ √
pg. 2
Limits & Differential calculus pure mathematics
6. hkq Ok ksÅ,hls. hkq Y=kHhg wiudk ksh; fú.
nj fmkajkak' hkq Rk ksÅ,hla úg o m%;sM,h i;H nj
wfmdaykh lrkak. [Link] my; iSud [Link].
7. nj idOkh lrkak. [Link] my; iSud [Link].
–
–
( )
√ √
–
8. my; iSudjka [Link]
√
* +
√ √
√
pg. 3
Limits & Differential calculus pure mathematics
9. my; iSudjka [Link]
10. my; iSudjka [Link]
wjl,kh uq,sl .eg¿
1) 1. kï, ,laIHfha os ys m,uq wjl,k ix.=Klh
fidhkak.
2. kï, ,laIHfha os ys m,uq wjl,k ix.=Klh fidhkak.
kï, ,laIHfha os ys m,uq wjl,k ix.=Klh fidhkak.
kï, ,laIHfha os ys m,uq wjl,k ix.=Klh fidhkak.
kï, ,laIHfha os ys m,uq wjl,k ix.=Klh fidhkak.
2) my; i|yka Y%s; m%uq, O¾u [Link] wjl,kh lrkak.
2. 3. √
5. 6. 7. 8.
pg. 4
Limits & Differential calculus pure mathematics
3)
kï, ,Ìfhaos fidhkak.
kï, ,Ìfhaos fidhkak.
kï, ,Ìfhaos fidhkak.
kï, ,Ìfhaos fidhkak.
,Ìfhaos fidhkak.
***
1. √ m%uq, O¾u [Link] wjl,kh lrkak.
2. kï nj fmkajkak'
3. fidhkak.
4. ( ) kï, nj fmkajkak.
5. hkq ys Y%s;hla jk w;r fú. iy weiqfrka m%ldY lrkak
kï, nj idOkh lrkak'
6. m%uq, O¾u [Link] nj idOkh lrkak'
√
pg. 5
Limits & Differential calculus pure mathematics
7. ksh;hla jq kï, √ nj fmkajd
tkhska , nj fmkajkak.
8. yd Ok ksÄ, úg kï,
nj fmkajkak.
9. kï, úg fidhkak.
√
10. , - nj fmkajkak'
√
11. iy o kï
1. ( ) njo 2. nj o fmkajkak'
12. * + hkak úIfhys wjl,kh lrkak.
m%;sf,dau Y%s; tajdfha m%Odk [Link] .kS.
13. kñ jk mrsos iy fidhkak.
14. ( ) ( ) kï, fidhkak. ;jo nj fmkajkak.
15. kï ( ) nj fmkajkak.
16. kï ( ) nj fmkajkak.
pg. 6
Limits & Differential calculus pure mathematics
17. nj iy nj idOkh lrkak.
√
* nj fmkajkak.
√
18. kï, = nj fmkajkak.
√
19. j¾.P iólrKfha uq, yd fú. j¾.P iólrKfha fú.
fidhkak.
20. ( ) úg nj fmkajkak. fuys ksh; fú.
21. fidhkak.
√
22. kï, nj fmkajkak. ksh;
fú.
23. hkq ys Ys%;hlao kï nj fmkajkak.
24. kï nj fmkajkak.
25. | | kï" nj fmkajkak'
wkqhd; wjl,kfhka" nj fmkajkak'
26. kï fidhkak.
pg. 7
Limits & Differential calculus pure mathematics
27. m%uq, O¾u [Link] √ ys jHq;amkakh ,[Link].
28. ys w.h ,nd .kak. fuys hkqq Y=kH fkdjq ksÅ,hls. >Dk ksÅ,hla úgo
m%;sM,h idOkh lrkak.
29. ys w.h ,nd .kak.
√
30. w.h ,nd .kak.
√ √ √ √
31. * + w.h ,nd .kak.
32. kï
| | nj fmkajkak'
33. √ √ kï nj fmkajkak'
fuys fú
34. kï yd [Link].
ta khska mj;s kï tys w.h ,shkak.
35. úYfhka wjl,kh lrkak'
[√ √ ]
√
[√ √ ]
pg. 8
Limits & Differential calculus pure mathematics
36. úIfhka ys jHq;amkakh fidhkak.
37. kï nj fmkajkak'
38. kï * | | ( | |)+ nj
fmkajkak'
39. ( ) hk Y%s;fhys úIfhka jHq;amkakh fidhkak.
( )
40. nj fmkajkak.
( )
41. [Link].
42. ixhqla; Y%s; foll wjl,kh m%uq, O¾u [Link] idOkh lrkak.
úg nj fmkajkak.
43. nj fmkajkak.
44. 2 √ √ kï, = nj fmkajkak.
√ √
45. √ = √ kï, √ √ . (√ ) nj fmkajkak.
( )
46. ( ) kï, nj fmkajkak. ksh; fú.
47. √ kï j, w.h fidhkak'
√ √
48. √ ( ) [Link]'
pg. 9
Limits & Differential calculus pure mathematics
49. kï " nj fmkajkak'
50. √ kï, nj fmkajkak. o fidhkak.
51. hkq ksÅ,hla jk úg
Ys%;h yd ∫ hk wjYH;d ;Dma; lrhs.
fidhkak' fõ.
52. kï, ( ) jk úg fidhkak.
53. m%uq, O¾u [Link] ys jHq;amkakh fidhkak.
54. √ kï, nj fmkajkak'
55. kï, nj fmkajkak. úg w.h
fidhkak
√ √
56. , - kï, nj fmkajkak.
√
√ √
57. , - , - kï, nj fmkajkak.
√ √
58. [Link]'
59. ( ) iy kï fidhkak.
pg. 10
Limits & Differential calculus pure mathematics
60. fú. ys w.h l=ulao?
√ √
61. ( ) [Link]
√
62. iy, kï, úg kï,
fidhkak. o ,[Link].
63. kï, nj fmkajkak.
64. √ kï, m%uq, O¾u [Link] jHq;amkakh fidhkak.
65. ( ) [Link]
66. ( ) kï nj fmkajkak.
jq ôkEu Ok ksÅ,hla i|yd nj
fmkajkak.
√ √
67. fidhkak.
68. yd hkq ksYaY=kH ;d;aúl ksh; kï, kï, nj fmkajkak.
69. Ok o o kï i|yd nj o fmkajkak.
70. kï ( ) nj fmkajkak.
pg. 11
Limits & Differential calculus pure mathematics
71. √ kï, m%uq, O¾u [Link] jHq;amkakh fidhkak.
√
72. * + úIfhka * + ys jHq;amkakh fidhkak.
73. kï, ) nj fmkajkak.
tkhska .Ks; wNHqkfhka jq Ok ksí, i|yd
nj fmkajkak'
74. yd kï,
) ( ) nj fmkajkak. tkhska ys m%:u
jHq;amkakh fidhkak.
75. kï nj fmkajkak'
úg yd fú kï ys w.h .Kkh lr nj
fmkajkak'
76. fidhkak'
√
( )
77. fidhd fidhkak'
78. kï, nj fmkajkak.
79. kï, yd ( ) nj;a fmkajkak.
pg. 12
Limits & Differential calculus pure mathematics
80. m%uq, O¾u [Link] nj fmkajkak
ish¿u Ok ksÅ, i|yd nj fmkajkak.
[Link] nj wfmdaykh lrkak.
81. i|yd √ √ √ kï" nj fmkajkak'
√ √ √ √
82. ksÅ, kï [Link]'
( ) ( )
83. [Link].
84. * + kï nj fmkajkak.
85. kï nj fmkajkak'
√ √
86. fidhkak.
87. ksh;hls.
( ) nj fmkajkak.
[Link] nj wfmdaykh lrkak.
88. (√ ) kï nj fmkajkak.
pg. 13
Limits & Differential calculus pure mathematics
89. √ kï nj fmkajkak.
90. úg
fYa%Ksh Wmfhda.S [Link]ñka fyda wkal%uhlska fyda nj fmkajkak.
91. úg kï nj fmkajd
√
tkhska nj fmkajkak.
92. fidhkak.
93. [Link].
94. * + yd [√ ] úIfhka wjl,kh lrkak. m%;sM,h
yels;dla iq¿ lr olajkak.
* + úIfhka [√ ] ys wjl,k ix.=Klh ,nd .kak.
95. i|yd wdfoaYh Ndú;d lrkak.
√
96.
97.
98. yd úg, nj fmkajkak'
pg. 14
Limits & Differential calculus pure mathematics
99. * + kï * + * + nj fmkajd * + fidhkak.
√
100. kï nj fmkajkak'
√ √
101. * ( )+ kï nj fmkajkak'
102. kï nj fmkajkak'
√
103. [√ √ ] kï nj fmkajkak'
√
104. kï nj fmkajkak'
105. [ ] fidhkak.
106. √ kï nj fmkajkak.
107. * + nj fmkajkak.
108. hkq ys wjl,H Y%s;hla iy kï
nj fmkajkak.
iólrKh f,ig W!kkh jk nj fmkajkak.
109. m%uQ, O¾u uÕska wjl,kh lrkak'
pg. 15
Limits & Differential calculus pure mathematics
110. m%uq, O¾u [Link] ys jHq;amkakh ,[Link]. úIhfhka ys jHq;amkakh
,[Link]. wdfoaYfhka o, úIhfhka ys jHq;amkakh Wmfhda.S [Link]ñka
o √ yd ys jHq;amkak ,[Link].
kï nj fmkajkak.
√
111. √ √ fú. iy fú kï nj
√
fmkajkak.
112. wdfoaYfhka [ √ ] kï fidhkak.
113. * + iSudj fidhkak'
114. iy kï
nj fmkajkak' fuys úp,H mrdñ;shls.
115. Nskak Nd. Ndú;fhka m%ldY lr j, w.h fidhkak'
kï" nj .Ks; wNHqkfhka fmkajkak'
116. * + kï nj fmkajkak.
117. [Link]
pg. 16
Limits & Differential calculus pure mathematics
118. hkq , ys wjl,H Y%s; fú' fú' iy nj
fmkajkak.
[Link] hk wjl, iólrKh iy [Link] hq;a wjl,
iólrKhla njg m;a lrkak.
119. √ √ √ kï nj fmkajkak.
120. kï nj fmkajkak.
121. kï nj fmkajkak.
122. √ √ kï √ nj fmkajkak.
123. ( ) kï | | nj fmkajkak. fuys fú
124. √ √ kï nj fmkajkak.
125. kï ( ) nj fmkajkak.
fuys yd ksh; fú
126. kï nj fmkajkak.
fuys ( ) iy ksh; fú
pg. 17
Limits & Differential calculus pure mathematics
127. ( ) kï nj fmkajkak.
128. kï nj fmkajkak.
√ √
129. * + kï nj fmkajkak.
√
130. ( ) kï nj fmkajkak. ksh;hls
[ ]
131. kï nj fmkajkak. fuys ksh;hls
132. √ √ √ kï ( ) nj fmkajkak.
133. kï nj fmkajkak.
134. √ √ √ kï √ nj
fmkajkak.
135. kï nj fmkajkak.
136. √ o o úg nj fmkajkak.
137. hehs .ksuq. nj fmkajkak.
jk whqrska yd ixLHd fol ks¾Kh lrkak. ( ) fidhkak.
138. | | nj oS we;s úg i|yd Y%s;fha wjl,k ix.+Klh
fidhkak.
pg. 18
Limits & Differential calculus pure mathematics
139. kï ( ) nj fmkajkak. ( )x=0 , ( )x=0 yd
( )x=0 fidhkak.
140. iy hkq ys Y%s;hla úg ( ) nj fmkajkak'
hkq ys Y%s;hla jk w;r fú weiqfrka m%ldY lrkak.
kï nj fmkajkak'
141. kï nj fmkajkak.
√ √ √
142. [ ] kï nj fmkajkak.
√ √
143. kï nj fmkajkak.
144. √ ( ) kï nj fmkajkak.
145. ( ) kï nj fmkajkak. ksh;hls
146. kï nj fmkajkak.
147. kï nj fmkajkak.
148. kï nj fmkajkak. ksh;hls
149. √ kï nj fmkajkak.
pg. 19
Limits & Differential calculus pure mathematics
150. fidhkak.
151. iSudj fidhkak'
152. yd ksh;o úp,Hhla úg kï
nj fmkajkak'
153. ( ) ( ) kï nj fmkajkak. ksh;hls
154. kï nj fmkajkak.
155. √ √ √ kï nj fmkajkak.
156. kï nj fmkajkak.
157. kï nj fmkajkak.
158. √ [ √ ] kï nj fmkajkak.
159. [ √ ] kï nj fmkajkak.
***
pg. 20
Limits & Differential calculus pure mathematics
úNd. .eg¿ (EMAM PROBLEMS)
1) ôkEu Ok ksíhla i|yd nj fmkajkak.
kï nj idOkh lrkak.
nj wfmdaykh lrkak
ta khska ôkEu Ok ksíhla i|yd nj fmkajkak.
2) (a). m%u, O¾u Ndú;fhka Y%s;fhys úIfhka jHq;amkakh fidhkak.
úg úIfhka wjl,kh lrkak.
(b). hkq ys wjl,H Y%s;hla iy – úg kï
nj fmkajkak.
3) (a). m%u, O¾u Ndú;fhka Y%s;fhys úIfhka jHq;amkakh fidhkak.
ys jHq;amkakh wfmdaykh lrkak.
I.
II. úIfhka wjl,kh lrkak.
(b). iy hehs .ksuq. fuys ksh;hls.
I.
II. nj idOkh lrkak. )
pg. 21
Limits & Differential calculus pure mathematics
4) (a) . [Link].
√
(b). 1. yd hehs .ksuq. fidhkak.
hehs .ksuq. fuys hkq ksh;hls.
nj fmkajkak. ( ) fidhkak.
–
5) (a). [Link].
(b). hehs .ksuq. fuys hkq ksYaY=kH ksh;fú.
fidhd th f,i ,súh yelsh nj fmkajkak.
fuys √ o hkak yd jk mrsos o fú.
.Ks; wNHqkfhka ´kEu Ok ksí, i|yd nj idOkh lrkak.
yss os nj fmkajkak.
–
6) (a). [Link].
(b). úIhfhka ys jHq;amkakh m%uq, O¾uj,ska fidhkak
ta khska odu kshuh fhdodf.k úIhfhka ys jHq;amkakh fidhkak
yd hehs .ksuq
nj fmkajkak.
pg. 22
Limits & Differential calculus pure mathematics
7)
√ √
nj fmkajkak.
8) nj fmkajkak.
√
9) i|yd hehs .ksuq.
I. yd
II. nj fmkajkak.
10) hehs .ksuq. jk mrsos jq ys w.h
√ √
fidhkak.
11) hehs .ksuq. nj fmkajkak.
( )
12) nj fmkajkak.
√
13) nj fmkajkak.
( )
( ) √
14) nj fmkajkak.
√ √
***
pg. 23
Limits & Differential calculus pure mathematics
pg. 24
Limits & Differential calculus pure mathematics
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