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Module 03 – M Technique
Artificial Variables – (Minimum Objective Function)
Amjad Ali
References
Min Z = 4 x1 + 3 x2
Subject to
2 x1 + x2 ≥ 10
-3 x1 + 2 x2 ≤ 6
x1 + x2 ≥ 6
x1, x2 ≥ 0
M Technique – Artificial Variables Case
Step 1: Determine a Starting Basic Feasible Solution
STANDARD FORM:
Min Z = 4 x1 + 3 x2
Min Z - 4 x1 - 3 x2 = 0 Subject to
2 x1 + x2 - S1 = 10 2 x1 + x2 ≥ 10
-3 x1 + 2 x2 ≤ 6
-3 x1 + 2 x2 + S2 = 6
x1 + x2 - S3 = 6 x1 + x2 ≥ 6
x1, x2 ≥ 0
x1, x2 ≥ 0
M Technique – Artificial Variables Case
Assuming
x1 = 0, x2 = 0 (non-basic variables ) STANDARD FORM:
Z=0 Min Z - 4 x1 - 3 x2 = 0
S1 = - 10 Starting Basic But
S2 = 6 2 x1 + x2 - S1 = 10
Infeasible solution.
S3 = - 6
-3 x1 + 2 x2 + S2 = 6
Z - 4 x1 - 3 x2 - M R1 - M R2 = 0 Min Z - 4 x1 - 3 x2 = 0
2 x1 + x2 - S1 + R1 = 10 2 x1 + x2 - S1 = 10
-3 x1 + 2 x2 + S2 = 6 -3 x1 + 2 x2 + S2 = 6
e nts
x1 + x2 - S3 + R2 = 6 ge m x1 + x2 - S3 = 6
rran
n A
x1, x2 , S1, S2, S3, R1, R2 ≥ 0 o lum
C x1, x2 ≥ 0
M Technique – Artificial Variables Case
Assuming
x1 = 0, x2 = 0, S1 = 0, S3 = 0
Z - 4 x1 - 3 x2 - M R1 - M R2 = 0
R1 = 10
Starting Basic and now
S2 = 6 2 x1 + x2 - S1 + R1 = 10
Feasible solution.
R2 = 6
-3 x1 + 2 x2 + S2 = 6
x1 + x2 - S3 + R2 = 6
Basic x1 x2 S1 S3 R1 S2 R2 Sol Z - 4 x 1 - 3 x 2 - M R1 - M R2 = 0
Z -4 -3 0 0 -100 0 -100 0 2 x1 + x2 - S1 + R1 = 10
R1 2 1 -1 0 1 0 0 10
S2 -3 2 0 0 0 1 0 6 -3 x1 + 2 x2 + S2 = 6
R2 1 1 0 -1 0 0 1 6
x 1 + x2 - S3 + R2 = 6
Basic x1 x2 S1 S3 R1 S2 R2 Sol
Z -4 -3 0 0 -100 0 -100 0
R1 2 1 -1 0 1 0 0 10
S2 -3 2 0 0 0 1 0 6
R2 1 1 0 -1 0 0 1 6
Basic x1 x2 S1 S3 R1 S2 R2 Sol
Z 196 97 -100 0 0 0 -100 1000
R1 2 1 -1 0 1 0 0 10
S2 -3 2 0 0 0 1 0 6
R2 1 1 0 -1 0 0 1 6