Selesaikan kasus berikut ini menggunakan metode simpleks:

Maksimum Z = 8X1 + 9X2 + 4X3

Kendala : X1 + X2 + 2X3 ≤ 2
2X1 + 3X2 + 4X3 ≤ 3
7X1 + 6X2 + 2X3 ≤ 8

Jawab :
Z = –8X1 – 9X2 – 4X3 = 0

Kendala : X1 + X2 + 2X3 + S1 =2
2X1 + 3X2 + 4X3 + S2 =3
7X1 + 6X2 + 2X3 + S3 = 8
Basis X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 Solusi Rasio
Z -8 -9 -4 0 0 0 0 0
S1 1 1 2 1 0 0 2/1 2
X2 2 3 4 0 1 0 3/3 1
S3 7 6 2 0 0 1 8/6 1,33

Basis X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 Solusi
Z
S1
X2 0,66 1 1,33 0 0,33 0 1
S3

Menghitung Persamaan Z baru:

(-8) – (0,66 (-9)) = -8 + 5,94 = -2,06
(-9) – (1 (-9)) = -9 + 9 = 0
(-4) – (1,33 (-9)) = -4 + 11,97 = 7,97
(0) – (0 (-9)) = 0 + 0 = 0
(0) – (0,33 (-9)) = 0 + 2,97 = 2,97
(0) – (0 (-9)) = 0 + 0 = 0
(0) – (1 (-9)) = 0 + 9 = 9

Menghitung Persamaan S1 baru:

(1) – (0,66 x 1) = 1- 0,66 = 0,34
(1) – (1 x 1) = 1 – 1 = 0
(2) – (1,33 x 1) = 2 – 1,33 = 0,67
(1) – (0 x 1) = 1 – 0 = 1
(0) – (0,33 x 1) = 0 – 0,33= -0,33
(0) – (0 x 1) = 0 – 0 = 0
(2) – (1 x 1) = 2 – 1= 1

Menghitung Persamaan S3 baru:

(7) – (0,66 x 6) = 7 – 3,96 = 3,04
(6) – (1 x 6) = 6 – 6 = 0
(2) – (1,33 x 6) = 2 – 7,98 = -5,98
(0) – (0 x 6) = 0 – 0 = 0
(0) – (0,33 x 6) = 0 – 1,98 = -1,98
(1) – (0 x 6) = 1 – 0 = 1
(8) – (1 x 6) = 8 – 6 = 2

Tabel Simpleks
Basis X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 Solusi
Z -2,06 0 7,97 0 2,97 0 9
S1 0,34 0 0,67 1 -0,33 0 1
X2 0,66 1 1,33 0 0,33 0 1
S3 3,04 0 -5,98 0 -1,98 1 2
Karena kolom Z ada negative maka dipivotkan lagi

Tabel Kolom Pivot, Baris Pivot, dan Elemen Pivot

Basis X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 Solusi Rasio
Z -2,06 0 7,97 0 2,97 0 9/-2,06 -4,36
S1 0,34 0 0,67 1 -0,33 0 1/0,34 2,94
X2 0,66 1 1,33 0 0,33 0 1/0,66 1,51
X3 3,04 0 -5,98 0 -1,98 1 2/3,04 0,65
Tabel Persamaan Pivot Baru
Basis X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 Solusi
Z
S1
X2
X3 1 0 -1,96 0 -0,65 0,32 0,65

Menghitung Persamaan Z baru:

(-2,06) – (1 (-2,06)) = -2,06 + 2,06 = 0
(-0) – (0 (-2,06)) = -0 + 0 = 0
(7,97) – (-1,96 (-2,06)) = 7,97 – 4,03 = 3,94
(0) – (0 (-2,06)) = 0 + 0 = 0
(2,97) – (-0,65 (-2,06)) = 2,97 - 1,33 = 1,64
(0) – (0,32 (-2,06)) = 0 + 0,65 = 0,65
(9) – (0,65 (-2,06)) = 9 + 1,33 = 10,33

Menghitung Persamaan S1 baru:

(0,34) – (1 x 0,34) = 0,34 – 0,34 = 0
(0) – (0 x 0,34) = 0 – 0 = 0
(0,67) – (-1,96 x 0,34) = 0,67 + 0,66 = 1,33
(0) – (0 x 0,34) = 0 – 0 = 0
(-0,33) – (-0,65 x 0,34) = -0,33 + 0,22 = - 0,11
(0) – (0,32 x 0,34) = 0 – 0,10 =-0,1
(1) – (0,65 x 0,34) = 1 – 0,22 = 0,78

Menghitung Persamaan X2 baru:

(0,66) – (1 x 0,66) = 0,66 – 0,66 = 0
(1) – (0 x 0,66) = 1 – 0 = 1
(1,33) – (-1,96 x 0,66) = 1,33 + 1,29 = 2,62
(0) – (0 x 0,66) = 0 – 0 = 0
(0,33) – (-0,65 x 0,66) = 0,33 + 0,42 = 0,75
(0) – (0,32 x 0,66) = 0- 0,21 = -0,21
(1) – (0,65 x 0,66) = 1 – 0,42 = 0,58
Tabel Simpleks
Basis X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 Solusi
Z 0 0 3,94 0 1,64 0,65 10,33
S1 0 0 1,33 0 -0,11 -0,1 0,78
X2 0 1 2,62 0 0,75 -0,21 0,58
X3 1 0 -1,96 0 -0,65 0,32 0,65

Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan diatas dapat disimpulkan bahwa hasil ini telah mencapai
kondisi optimal, dapat dilihat pada baris fungsi tujuan Z tidak ada hasil yang negatif (-).
Sehingga untuk persoalan kasus diatas didapatkan nilai Sbb:
Z = 10,33
S1 = 0,78
X2 = 0,58
X3 = 0,65