Acid Bases and Salt

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CBSEPracticalSkills.com Edulabz International
5 ACIDS, BASES AND SALTS
TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS AND THEIR ANSWERS
Q.1. Taste the following substances and enter the result in the
following table :
Substance Taste (Sour / bitter / any other)
Lemon juice Sour taste
Orange juice Sour and sweet taste
Vinegar Sour taste
Curd Sour taste
Tamarind (imli) Sour taste
Sugar Any other (sweet)
Common salt Any other (salty)
Amla Sour taste
Baking Soda Bitter taste
Grapes Sour and sweet taste
Unripe mango Sour taste
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Q.2. State differences between acids and bases.
Ans. Differences between acids and bases :

Acid Base
1. Acids are sour to 1. Bases are bitter to

taste. taste.
2. Acids burn the 2. Bases are soapy to
skin when touch.
touched. 3. A base turns red
3. An acid turns litmus to blue.
blue litmus to red. 4. Bases change to
4. Acids remain pink colour with
colourless with phenolphthalein.
phenolphthalein. 5. Basic solutions turn
5. Acidic solutions green when reacted
turn dark pink with china rose
when reacted indicator.
with china rose
indicator.
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Q.3. Ammonia is found in many household products, such as

window cleaners. It turns red litmus blue, what is its
nature ?
Ans. It is basic in nature.
Q.4. Name the source from which litmus solution is obtained.

What is the use of this solution ?
Ans. Litmus is a natural indicator extracted from lichens. It acts as a

natural indicator to test whether a substance is an acid or base.
It turns red when added to an acidic solution and when added
to a basic solution it turns blue.
Q.5. Is the distilled water acidic/basic /neutral? How would you

verify it ?
Ans. Distilled water is neutral. It shows no effect with an indicator.
Q.6. Describe the process of neutralization with the help of an

example.
Ans. The reaction between an acid and a base is known as

neutralization, salt and water are produced in this process with
the evolution of heat.
Acid + Base → Salt + Water

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Example : Hydrochloric acid + Sodium hydroxide

(HCl) (NaOH)
→ Sodium chloride + Water
(NaCl) (H2O)
Q.7. Mark ‘T’ if the statement is true and ‘F’ if it is false:
(i) Nitric acid turns red litmus blue. (T/F)
Ans. False.
(ii) Sodium hydroxide turns blue litmus red. (T/F)
Ans. False.
(iii) Sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid neutralise

each other and form salt and water. (T/F)
Ans. True.
(iv) Indicator is a substance which shows different colours

in acidic and basic solutions. (T/F)
Ans. True.
(v) Tooth decay is caused by the presence of base. (T/F)
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Ans. False.
Q.8. Dorji has a few bottles of soft drink in his restaurant. But
unfortunately, these are not labelled. He has to serve the
drinks on the demand of customers. One customer wants
acidic drink, another wants basic and third one wants
neutral drink. How will Dorji decide which drink is to
served to whom ?
Ans. Dorji can check the soft drinks by using litmus paper.
If the colour of blue litmus paper changes to red, it is an acidic

drink, if the colour of red litmus paper changes to blue, it is a
basic drink. However, if no change is observed in litmus
paper, it is a neutral drink.
Q.9. Explain why :
(a) An antacid tablet is taken when you suffer from

acidity.
(b) Calamine solution is applied on the skin when an ant

bites.
(c) Factory waste is neutralized before disposing it into the

water bodies.
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Ans. (a) Our stomach contains hydrochloric acid. It helps us to

digest food. But too much of acid in the stomach causes
indigestion. To relieve indigestion, we take an antacid
such as milk of magnesia, which contains magnesium
hydroxide. It neutralizes the effect of excessive acid in the
stomach.
(b) The sting of an ant contains formic acid. When an ant

bites, it injects the acidic liquid into the skin. The effect of
ant sting can be neutralized by rubbing calamine solution,
which contains zinc carbonate. It neutralizes the effect of
formic acid.
(c) Factory waste contains acids. If this waste is allowed to

flow into water bodies will kill aquatic animals. The
factory wastes are, therefore, neutralized by adding basic
substances.
Q.10. Three liquids are given to you. One is hydrochloric acid,

another is sodium hydroxide and third is a sugar solution.
How will you identify them? You have only turmeric
indicator.
Ans.
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S.No. Name of substance Effect on turmeric

indicator
1. Hydrochloric acid Yellow to yellow and
red to yellow.
2. Sodium Hydroxide Yellow to red.
3. Sugar solution No change.
Q.11. Blue litmus paper is dipped in a solution. It remains blue.

What is the nature of the solution ? Explain.
Ans. Bases change the colour of litmus paper to blue. As the colour
of blue litmus paper is not affected, the solution must be basic.
The solution can also be neutral as such a solution does not
change the colour of litmus.
Q.12. Consider the following statements :
(a) Both acids and bases change colour of all indicators.
(b) If an indicator gives a colour change with an acid, it

does not give a change with a base.
(c) If an indicator changes colour with a base, it does not

change colour with an acid.
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(d) Change of colour in an acid and a base depends on the

type of the indicator.
Which of these statements are correct ?
(i) All four, (ii) a and d, (iii) b and c, (iv) only d
Ans. (iii) only d.
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CBSEPracticalSkills.com Edulabz International

5 ACIDS, BASES AND SALTS

TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS AND THEIR ANSWERS

Q.2. State differences between acids and bases.

Ans. Differences between acids and bases :

1. Acids are sour to 1. Bases are bitter to

Q.3. Ammonia is found in many household products, such as

Ans. It is basic in nature.

Q.4. Name the source from which litmus solution is obtained.

Ans. Litmus is a natural indicator extracted from lichens. It acts as a

Q.5. Is the distilled water acidic/basic /neutral? How would you

Ans. Distilled water is neutral. It shows no effect with an indicator.

Q.6. Describe the process of neutralization with the help of an

Ans. The reaction between an acid and a base is known as

Acid + Base → Salt + Water

Example : Hydrochloric acid + Sodium hydroxide

Q.7. Mark ‘T’ if the statement is true and ‘F’ if it is false:

(i) Nitric acid turns red litmus blue. (T/F)

(ii) Sodium hydroxide turns blue litmus red. (T/F)

(iii) Sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid neutralise

(iv) Indicator is a substance which shows different colours

(v) Tooth decay is caused by the presence of base. (T/F)

If the colour of blue litmus paper changes to red, it is an acidic

Q.9. Explain why :

(a) An antacid tablet is taken when you suffer from

(b) Calamine solution is applied on the skin when an ant

(c) Factory waste is neutralized before disposing it into the

Ans. (a) Our stomach contains hydrochloric acid. It helps us to

(b) The sting of an ant contains formic acid. When an ant

(c) Factory waste contains acids. If this waste is allowed to

Q.10. Three liquids are given to you. One is hydrochloric acid,

S.No. Name of substance Effect on turmeric

Q.11. Blue litmus paper is dipped in a solution. It remains blue.

Q.12. Consider the following statements :

(a) Both acids and bases change colour of all indicators.

(b) If an indicator gives a colour change with an acid, it

(c) If an indicator changes colour with a base, it does not

(d) Change of colour in an acid and a base depends on the

Which of these statements are correct ?

(i) All four, (ii) a and d, (iii) b and c, (iv) only d

Ans. (iii) only d.

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