CHAPTER 6 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS PHILIPPINE ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS: Environment Basic Laws Philippine environment basic laws are the Presidential Decree (P.D.) No.1151 and P.D. No.1152. The executing organization of the P.D. No.1151 and 1152 is the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR). ‘The P.D. No.1151 was established on June 6, 1977 and declared the Philippine Environmental Policy. In the P.D. No.1151, national environmental policy, national environmental goal, right to a healthy environment and environmental impact statement were defined. These statements are the following: National Environmental Policy: To create, develop, maintain and improve. conditions under which man and ature can thrive in productive harmony, and to fulfill the social, economic and other requirements of present and future generations of the country. National Environmental Goal: The nation may: a) recognize and fulfil the responsibilities of each generation as trustee and guardian of the environment; b) encourage the widest exploitation of the environment without degrading it; and c) attain a rational balance between population and resource use as well as preserving important historic and cultural aspects of the Philippine heritage. i to a Healthy Environment: ‘The government recognizes the right of the people to a healthy environment. It shall be the duty of each individual to contribute to the preservation and enhancement of the environment. Environmental Impact Statement: All governmental and private agencies, corporations, firms and entities shall prepare, file and include in every project, which significantly affects the quality of the environment, a detailed statement on: a) the environmental impact of the proposed project; b) unavoidable adverse environmental effect; c) alternatives; ‘d) used environmental resources; and e) mitigating measures. P.D. No.1 152 that was established on June 6, 1977 declared the Philippine Environmental Code. The code-mentions air quality, water quality, land-use, fisheries and aquatic resources, wildlife, forestry and soil conservation, flood control and natural calamities, energy development, mineral resources, waste management, population; environmental education, environmental research and the preservation of the historic and cultural resources, The code defines the policy of setting environmental standards, the right and role of executing organization, environmental conservation measures and guidelines of environmental conservation plan on each environmental ite. —185—6.1.2 Philippine Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) System ‘The EIA is dofined in the P,D. No.1 161, The Philippine Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) System was enacted under the P.D. No.1586 on June 11, 1978. The system has been refined through a number of laws, proclamations, regulations and guidelines. It mandates that. all government agencies, government-owned or controlled corporations and private companies prepare an environmental impact assessment for any project or activity that affects the quality of the environment. The Philippine EIS system regulates three types of environmental impact assessment: an EIS, an Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) and a brief Project Description. The type of assessment depends on the size, type and location of a proposed project. The Environmental Management Bureau (EMB) of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) and DENR, regional offices are the principal government agencies implementing tho Philippine EIS System. Local Government Units’ (LGUs) are responsible for administering countryside and barangay (village) business enterprise’ projects within the EIS system. 1) Brief (one page) PD must be prepared for Kalakalan 20 projects (countryside and village business enterprises established through Republic Act 6810). It takes less than one month to prepare and evaluate this type of environmental impact assessment. LGUs are responsible for the brief PD. 2) IEE (and sometimes an EIS) is required for projects in Environmentally Critical Areas, ich include parks, tourist destinations, ‘habitats for ‘endangered species and areas of unique value: It takes between six weeks and six months to prepare and evaluate the IEE. DENR regional offices review the IEE. An Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) is finally required. 3) EIS (Environmental impacts statement) is required for Environmentally Critical Projects, which include heavy industries, resource. extractive industries and infrastructure projects e.g. major dams, major power plants, major roads and bridges, major reclamation projects. ElSs take from three months to one year to be completed. The EMB reviews the EIS, and an ECC is finally required. Road construction works are classified as Environmentally Critical Projects, Els are therefore required. ‘A proponent should begin considering environmental impacts as soon as the project is conceptualized. All projects falling within the scope of the EIS system must obtain an Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC). The proponent must carry out the EIA study and submit the draft EIS to EMB or DENR regional office. The draft EIS is judged by the EIS review committee, if the’ project is acceptable and an ECC is issued, the proponent can proceed with project implementation. If unacceptable, the proponent must modify or withdraw the proposed project and revise the EIS. The ECC is used to monitor the environmental impacts throughout the construction and operational phases of the project =186—6.1.3 EIS for Protected Areas ‘The National integrated Protected Area System (NIPAS) enacted on June 16, 1992 and aims to standardize the procedure for systematic management of all protected areas in the country. NIPAS areas encompass outstandingly remarkable and biologically important public lands that are habitats of rare and endangered species of plants and animals. These also cover biographic zones and related ecosystems, whether terrestrial, welland or marine. At present, existing protected areas, including national parks, marine parks, game refuge and bird sanctuaries, watershed forest reserves and wilderness areas, pursuant to each law are wholly under reconsideration on the basis of the NIPAS Act (Republic Act No. 7586). Pursuant to the NIPAS Act, eight categories of protected areas are recognized: 1) Strict nature reserve; 2) Natural park; 3) Natural monument; 4) Wildlife sanctuary; 5) Protected landscape/seascape; 6) Resource reserve; 7) Natural biotic area; 8) Other categories established by law, conventions or international agreements which the Philippine Government is a signatory. ‘According to the NIPAS Act, the following acts are prohibited within protected areas in principal: a, Hunting, destroying, disturbing or simply possession of any plants, animals ‘or products fromthe area without permit from the Protected Area Management Board (PAMB) that was established for each protected area; b. Dumping of any waste product harmful to the area, to the plants or to animals, Using any motorized equipment without permit from the PAMB; Mutilating or destroying objects of natural beauty or objects of interest to the communities within the area; e. Damaging and leaving roads and trails in damaged condition; Squatting, locating for minerals or occupying any piece of land within the area; g. Constructing or maintaining any kind of structure, fence or enclosures, conducting any business enterprise without permit from the PAMB; h, Leaving in exposed or unsanitary conditions refuse or debris, or depositing in ground or in bodies of water; and |. Altering, removing, destroying or defacing boundary marks or signs. ao Initial Environmental Examinations (IEE) or Environmental Impact Statements (EIS) are required for projects in the protected areas because these areas are included in environmentally critical areas. With regard to new road ‘construction works, because of envitonmentally critical projects, the EIS is required. In case of road rehabilitation or reconstruction works in protected areas, the PAMB shall determine the required document (IEE, EIS or no document) by the type and location. ~187—42 6.2.1 6.22 ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE STUDY AREA Land Condition The eastern part of the Study Area, facing the Pacific Ocean, does not have a dry season, the western part however has a clear dry season. For that reason, as natural vegetation, evergreen rain forests dominated by dipterocarp are widely distributed in the eastern part, monsoon forests are distributed in the western part. Semi evergreen rain forests dominate the central part. Mossy forests are distributed in the high elevation over 1,200m above sea level. But due to deforestation, the major natural vegetation zones remain only in mountainous districts. Natural vegetatior untouched in Palawan, Samar and Mindanao, and conversely there is litle in Masbate and Cebu, Most of lowlands are privately owned agricultural lands because lands of 18% in slope or under are classified Alienable and Disposable (A8D) by Presidential Decree 705 (Forestry Law). In general paddy rice, sugarcane and fruits are mainly cultivated in inland areas, coconut plantations are concentrated in coastal areas. Old growth forest areas are shown in Figure 6.2-1, slope map is shown in Figure 6.2-2, Fauna and Flora The Philippine archipelago was relatively isolated from the rest'of the world for many years, so the existing plants and animals could evolve uniquely in their particular environment. The Philippines is one of the countries high in the number of endemic species of plants and animais, furthermore there is a possibility that other new species may yet be discovered. in spite of this diversity, the plants and animals in the Philippines can be classified into three groups depending on their place of origin. These are the northern group centered in Luzon; the southern group centered in Mindanao including Visayas; and the western group centered in Palawan. The northern group is an outgrowth from southern China and Taiwan. The southern group (Mindanao and Visayas) includes species that originated in Australia and New Guinea, the western group (Palawan) is an outgrowth from the Malay Peninsula and Borneo. The flora of the Philippines is composed of at least: 13,500 species that represent 5% of the world's flora, of which 32% are endemic. Most of endemic species are found in old growth forests, Of these, 8,000 species are flowering plants, 3,000 species of which are trees, 3,200 species of which are unique to the Philippines. About 4,000 species are ferns or fern allies, mosses, fungi, lichens. A further 5% to 8% of the country's flora: are believed to be still unidentified, Animal species, mostly insects, are estimated at about 170,000, of which about half are believed to be endemic. These are broken down into, 558 species of birds, 179 species of mammals, 96 species of amphibians, 252 species of reptiles, 2,782 species of mollusks, 54 species of milipedes, 44 species of centipedes and more than 20,000 species of insects. Terrestrial vertebrate ‘species number about 1,084 species of which 45% are endemic. As of 1991, 89 ~188FIGURE 6.2-1.OLD GROWTH FORESTS —189—‘Source : Philippines Regional Natural Resources Atlas FIGURE 6.2-2: SLOPE MAP —190~species of birds, 44 species of mammals and 8 species of reptiles were internationally recognizes as threatened. 6.2.3 Environmentally Critical Areas (1) Ethnic Group Areas ‘According to the ethnographic map produced by the national council of churches in the Philippines, there are 62 ethnological groups altogether distributed mainly around North Luzon (Igorot tribes, Caraballo/Cagayan valley), central Luzon (Negrito), Mindoro (Mangyan tribes) and western Mindanao and Sulu Islands (Muslim groups). In the study area, there are Mangyan tribes (7 subgroups, 122,101 persons) in Mindoro; Palawan (5 subgroups, 70,800 persons) in Palawan; Negrite (2 subgroups, 30,500 persons) in Panay, Negros, Samar, Leyte and Mindanao; Mindanao Lumad (15 subgroups, 1,995,952 persons) in Mindanao; Muslim groups (14 subgroups, 2,526,300 persons) in Palawan and Mindanao, Many of these groups are looked after by the Office for Southern Cultural Communities. This agency is responsible for protecting the cultural minorities’ way of life and for assisting the government in bringing material and technical aid to these people to assist their integration into mainstream Philippine society. The distribution of ethnic groups is shown in Figure 6.2-3. The distribution of Ancestral Domain Claims is shown in Figure 6.2-4. But not all Ancestral Domain Claims are entered. Ancestral Domain Claims are defined by DENR Department Administrative Order No.2 (DAO 2), and it recognizes the right of the indigenous cultural communities to their ancestral lands to ensure their ‘economic, social and cultural well being. According to the DAO 2, all government programs shall not be implemented within any ancestral domain without the written consent of the indigenous cultural community. (2) Squatter Areas Major squatter areas are mainly located on riversides and old towns of big cities. Squatters are also found along roads and under bridges in rural area. Summary of distribution of major squatters is shown in Table 6.2-1 (3) Protected Areas In the study area, there are 28 national parks, 2 marine parks, 7 protected landscapes/seascapes, 9 game refuge and bird sanctuaries, 6 Integrated Protected Area System (IPAS) prioritized protected areas, 11 wilderness areas and 53 watershed forest reserves as of 1996 (The five protected areas are designated into two categories). These protected areas are wholly under reconsideration on the basis of the National Integrated Protecte¢ Area System (NIPAS). According to the NIPAS Act, national parks, marine parks, game refuge and bird sanctuaries, wilderness areas and watershed forest reserves are considered as “initial components”, Protected landscapes/seascapes and IPAS prioritized protected areas are “later components’. Large mangrove swamp forests, major wetland and all old growth forest areas are also designated as protected areas, In the near future, all protected areas shall be standardized to “later components”. The distribution of these protected areas is shown in Figure 6.2-5. ~191—INH.LA id 949 J0 dew 0} eoinog GIMLSIC €-2°9 ANNI SdNOWD WISN. EZS VWATOVNVGNIN geet SASTULNVAONVIN Sa sdnoap orp, —192—FIGURE 6.2-4(1) DISTRIBUTION OF ANCESTRAL DOMAIN CLAIMS =193—Pakwan-ntenodo ‘Maan okidnongn On smttteonae So eam ed ‘icon a ening TagacrolKatagin ean Tagacato Lo ae FIGURE 6,2-4(2) DISTRIBUTION OF ANCESTRAL DOMAIN CLAIMS —194—CNPP asay) NVA (Np osfins) ovonINS IM OPP 2206) NOTE (oneqee9) 44D OLVEVLOD. 1K psoegry eng OFF Y ee Tome) SOINVS NAO. ‘pastas fe age TR aTNS oe oa] edntig “ig song — — pein sone oy op Co Se ETT EET woqRo07 sob UR] STR PESO oyu jo =| ( yosequnye | puorjo 22 BN AD) NORE SV3UV YALLVNDS 4O ANVWWNS 1-79 FTaVL —195—[NP National Park [NMP National Marine Pak PU: Protected Landcapeeaseape GRDS : Game Refogs and Bid Sanctuary IPAS-A IPAS Pristina Protected Arca WA: Witdorass Area WER : Watershed Forest Reserve Nong River WER, M a. zon GUS Torts WR ‘Apo Rec Maine Natural Pak IPAS-A, —() e Mi. gt-Baco NB =~ Calavt sland GRBS —___ \ Naujan Lake NP Bacolt WER ot ‘St Pool Subterranean River NP Pelawan Pera, Fauna WFR Tabatha Reet NM ————Usula sana GRBS FIGURE 6.2-5(1) DISTRIBUTION OF PROTECTED AREAS. ~196—Pana Pel ay-Dan WER Ccoendanes WER. Ista of Guinasayan, Nao, Chie, Pobre WA ands andi WA cen be ‘Agustin WER, Ipitriver WER Tugho WR Diva WER. {Boma utng wa /_ Catelogan WFR A. Guiting-iing NP Pafompon WFR fmelda bake NP Y Sohoton Natal Bridge NP Meh Landing NP Danas River WFR-— Sloat River WER Bulag Pin NP ‘assin We ) auena Tipu-an Mae "GS sein osinesnya0wP kor we Lake Deseo GRUS Otago slant GRBS > ibis Lavigna WER sof Banoo, Basaa ct. WA] —Isgnis of Cail ete. WA Sigao tsiand PUS.IPAS-A »_Ielnde of Slag, Ponets es, WA ‘along Island NMP Bago River WER Mu Canlaon NP, IPAS A e asa WA Khankaan WER Ee Stole ean of Lamagan ets WA| dong-ebangan WER a abadbame WER — asian Fa ~y WER Wat tasarga Rive WER x“ Lntoe WER jah Sikatera NP Ajavan-Cesly-Asibong River WER ‘Ago Island PLUS /andana River WER —— a Manin WP Rizal NP— fi “Ambogoe WER ~ Agusan Mash (Mt. Malindang NP, WFR iri Swany Gabinete Ml han ~. 4 oy rola tt eine alka NP Libargan River WER, Pasgnanca WER Puja Bay PLS Pasa snd WA, ¥ “Malngos WER Np: naar Kero Wi ni Apo Pa asa MeN isin Fa DUS: Poe anfeexs EADS CanRetgean UwdSinay | Lake tabancs tonsa Pas Pd cel sce Wa Witenes ex Wi, Wars et ese * yi. Maun PLS ‘Seba WER: ll Ries WER. FIGURE 6.2-5(2) DISTRIBUTION OF PROTECTED AREAS —197-EISs are required for new road construction in the protected areas. In case of toad rehabilitation or reconstruction works in protected areas, the Protected Area Management Board shall determine the required documents by the type and location of the road construction. (4) Soil Erosion Prone Areas Soil erosion is closely related to the angle of slope, the vegetation, the soil quality, the humidity of the soll and the pattern of rainfall, especially the angle of slope and the vegetation are the more important factors. Inceptisals covering about 13% of the study area has high susceptibility to erosion, but the correlation between the present soverely eroded areas and the soil is not as close as the correlation between the present severely oroded areas and the angle of slope or the vegetation. Erosion prone areas where the slope is 18% or ‘over with poor vegetation are shown in Figure 6.2-6. (6) Hydrological Areas (Rivers, Lakes, Coastal Zone) Tidelands, inland wetlands and mangrove forests are susceptible to hydrological transitions, where the biodiversity is high in general, Main mangrove forests, inland wetlands and large lakes are shown in Figure 6.2-7. ~198~FIGURE 6.2-6 SOIL EROSION PRONE AREAS ~199~SaXV1 GNV SGNV1LEM ‘SSAOUONVW AO NOLLNGINLSIC 229 FNS a] Pre aso asi, aNg9a1 —200PART IL FUTURE DEVELOPMENT PLANS AND TRAFFIC DEMANDTA TAA TAZ CHAPTER 7 REVIEW OF FUTURE DEVELOPMENT PLANS OUTLINE OF MEDIUM-TERM PHILIPPINE DEVELOPMENT PLAN, 1993-1998 Assessment of Performance, 1987-1991 The Medium-Term Philippine Development Plan (MTPOP) for 1987-91 was formulated in 1986 aiming at four development goals of alleviation of poverty, the generation of productive employment, the promotion of equity and social justice, and the attainment of sustainable economic growth. The growth of the gross national product (GNP) was targeted at an average of 6.5% per year. While the favorable developments in the initial years of the Plan period were encouraging, these were not sustained. After reaching a peak of 7.2% in 1988, the growth in real output decelerated to 0.2% and 1.2% in 1991 and 1992, respectively. As a result, the overall economic picture over 1987-1992 was less favorable rate of 3.6%/year than the target. ‘The MTPDP Report, 1993-98 concludes that unexpected external factors such as the Gulf crisis in August 1991 and the economic recession of the industrialized countries and the weakness in the internal economy prevented the attainment of sustained high economic growth. The economy has suffered from import-dependent structure, infrastructure bottlenecks especially in energy, underdeveloped money and capital markets, and unbalanced regional development. Actually the economic recession was experienced in 1991 and 1992 but it recovered in 1993 and the GRDP has been developing to date in a high rate of 4.2% during 1992 to 1996, The GNP growth rate of the first quarter of 1997 ‘was 6.9% in real term and 7 to 8% growth rate was expected for the full year of 1997. Goals and Objectives of the Plan, 1993-1998 To set the orientation of the Plan, the following guiding principles were ‘enumerated; (1) Decentralization (2) Reliance on non-government initiative on domestic consultation (2) Full cost recovery (4) Social Equity and, (5) Macroeconomic stability. The major macroeconomic goals of the Plan were set at: a) a sustained and broad-based growth of output and employment; b) price stability; and c) sound balance of payments position. Economic stabilization was designed to provide @ Stable and predictable environment for the private sector. Economic restructuring was planned to be undertaken in all sectors of the economy to attain international competitiveness through the following measures: (1) Fiscal policy shall shape @ revenue and expenditure program that yields a manageable consolidated public sector detict; accords with sound public debt management; and adheres to the principles of transparency and accountability. (2) Monetary policy shal emphasize price stability without unduly sacrificing output and employment; improve the efficiency of financial intermediation; and develop the capital market to improve domestic resource mobilization, (8) External policy shall ensure a sustainable balance of payments position; ccontinue the liberalization of the trade and cepital accounts; and reduce the burden of external debt, —201—7A3 (4) Macroeconomic policies shall be consistent with the vision of attaining international competitiveness by accommodating, continued trade liberalization and tariff reform, increased investments in infrastructure, and increased Investments in human capital. (8) Regional development policies shall ensure the maximization of production potentials and geographic advantages by eliminating the policy and investment bias for the National Capital Region, reducing socio-economic disparities within and among the regions, providing the regions and localities with opportunities to develop on the basis of their potentials and advantages, and widening the access. ‘of the population to productive resources and social services. Population management, preservation of the environment, political, stability, peace and order, and an efficient bureaucracy were taken as tho complementary strategies. Macro-economic Targets The annual growth of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) was targeted at an average of 5.7~7.4% over the Plan period from 1994 to 1998. The GDP was estimated to increase from a rate of 2.4% in 1993 to 8.5~10.0% in 1998. The target growth of Gross Regional Domestic Products (GRDP) was set as shown in Table 7.1-1. GRDP GROWTH TARGET, 1994-08 ‘GROP Total Low. High 72 cr) 48 62 59 73 75 93 6.0 67 67 67 67 5A. (tMedium-Term Phiippine Development Pian, 1993-1998) Real per capita income was targeted to increase at an annual rate of 5.2% from the estimated P11,361 in 1993 to P14,696 by 1998 (in constant 1985 price). Inflation is to decline from 9.0~10.0% in 1994 to 4.0% in 1998. The population growth rate was projected to decline from 2.36% in 1990 to less than 2.0% by 1998. Employment generation was planned to achieve average 1.1 million jobs annually from 1984 to 1998. The unemployment rate was targeted to decline from 9.1% in 1994 to 6.6% by 1998, Government Revenue and Expenditure The national government revenue policy was to improve revenue from 17.3% of GNP in 1993 to 17.8% by 1998. The ratio of national government expenditure in GNP was planned to increase from 18.6% in 1993 to 17.4% by 1998 as shown in Table 7.1-2. ~202—72 724A LE 71-2 GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE PROGRAM (1993-96) _(P BILLION) ‘tua Tie Targets Growth Rate.) ace 1903, 1008 1904 - 1988) Tia Revenues 260.5 498.5 (Ge al GNP) (73) (178) (10.1) 1. Tate Disbursements 280.8 4898 (6 of GNP) (186) (174) (178) IL Debit Financing 208 10.0 + pverago annual growin fats Tam 1983 19 THE The average annual public investment was targeted at P128.8 billion for the period 1994-1998 as shown in Table 7.1-3. The bulk of investments was allocated for infrastructure development. ‘TABLE 7.1-3. SECTORAL ALLOCATION OF MEDIUM-TERM PUBLIC INVESTMENT PROGRAM (1993-96) ‘Annual — Esinate Targets 7 03 ‘Anqual tem ‘Average jot 1968 Average (1987-92) | Total Puble Investment 1623 833 980 1607 1288 (Bllion Pesos) 1, Sectoral Dietrbution (%) 100100 100 100, 100 1 Agre-industrial Development 79 197 a9 158 134 2. Hunan Development 13 92 138187 "7 .Inasiructure Development yas 787 75 023 52 4. Development ‘Administration 2a 44 18 19 19 5, Disaster Milgtion 08 os 18 1, ‘Source: Meduin-Term Philippine Development Plan, 1858-1088 AGRO-INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN Assossment of Performance, 1967-92 The agricultural sector grew annually at 2.0% on average over the previous Plan period and contributed an annual average share of 23.2% to GDP trom 1987 to 1992. It was the source of employment for 46% of the labor force during the period. Despite several policy reforms, the productivity and income ‘of majority of farmers and fisherfokks remained low. Productivity differentials between urban and rural households continued to be wide with a ratio of 2.13. it was reviewed that the general weakness of the agricultural sector was attributed to its poor linkages with the rest of the economy. The industrial sector exhibited a modest growth of 3.2% during the period 1987-92, which was 5.6% lower than the target growth rate of the previous Plan. This was due to unfavorable domestic and international conditions. The sector, however, contributed an average of 35.1% to GDP from 1987 to 1992. ‘The MTPDP Report concluded that the past development plan treated the agriculture and industry sectors as separate sectors, thus an agriculture sector dominated by the production of primary products and an industry sector dominated by import-dependent manufacturing and processing industries, with no structural shifts occurring in either over time, Agriculture and industry must be treated under a common framework in order to emphasize the links between them. —203—7.2.2. Goals and Objectives of the Plan, 1993-1998 Development goals for the agro-industrial sector established were as follows: = Industrial restructuring for worldwide competitiveness and expanded production of goods and services for the domestic and export markets; = Strong productive and ecologically sound links between agriculture and industry; and = Increasing incomes, productivity and access to resources among ‘small entrepreneurs, farmers, fisherfolks and workers. The following specific objectives were listed up in the Plan: + Modernization of the production sectors through technology upgrading: + Enhancement and adaptation of information technology systems in all sectors. + Rural agti-industrialization including the dispersal of industries to regions outside of the National Capital Region (NCR); +" Rehabilitation and sustainable utilization of the country’s natural resources; + Economic empowerment of men and women workers and employers as partners in the development process. + Speedy and effective implementation of the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP); + Greater contribution of tourism to economic growth and. regional development Based on the economic restructuring concept through the acceleration of regional development and’ a location-specific approach to agro-industrial development, Regional Agro-Industrial Centers (RAICs) were identified in the order of priority as presented in Table 7.2-1 ‘TABLE 7.2-1 REGIONAL INOUSTRIAL CENTERS (RICS) TARGET (1993-98) Region Regional Agro-Industial Site of Existing/ by Priority Center (RAIC) Proposed Agro- Industrial Area vu Metro Cebu Mactan EPZ x Cagayan de Oro PHIVIDEC IE xi Davao City Panacan, llang vi oto City Pavia * Zamboanga City ‘Ayale-Recodo Vill ‘Tacioban City New Kawayan ARMM Parang Prang, Maguindanao x (Cotabato City) z Xil" (Proposed) XI (Propo: Hacienda Espina = 204—723 a) @) {n addition to the RAICs, the following development networks/oores which link two or more growth centers in the Study Area were identified in the order of priority: * Cagayan de Oro - lligan (Reg. X) + South Cotabato - Davao Zamboanga (Reg. X!) + Cebu- Iloilo - Tacloban (Reg. Vil) ‘The promotion of tourism development in the Study Area was recornmended as follows: + Panglao Island (Reg. Vil) + Northern Palawan (Reg. IV-B) + Boracay Island (Panay) (Reg. VI) + Samal Isiand (Reg. XI) The following was identified by the Presidential Council for Countryside Development in the Study Area: Romblon, Masbate, Antique, Biliran, Eastern ‘Samar, Guimaras, Agusan del Sur, Southern Leyte, Surigao del Sur. Targets In Agro-Industrial Sector ‘Agriculture, Fishery and Forestry Sector Gross value-added (GVA) in the agriculture, fishery and forestry sectors was targeted to grow annually at an average of 2.7%~3.4% over the Plan period. The share of the agriculture sector in GDP was expected to decline from about 22.5 percent in 1994 to 19.8 percent in 1998 as the economy gradually shifts to greater agri-industrialization, ‘TARGET GROWTH RATES IN AGRICULTURE SECTOR (1993-1998) ‘Annual Growth Rate % GVA in agriculture sector 27-34 Palay production 34 ‘Coin production 56 Livestock production 42-50 Poultry production 44-54 Fishery production Industrial Sector The industrial GVA was planned to grow al an average of 6.6~8.8% per annum ‘over the Plan period. Industry’s share in GDP was expected to increase from 34,8 percent in 1994 to about 36 percent in 1998. __________ TARGET GROWTH RATES IN INDUSTRIAL SECTOR ___ Annual Growth Rate % Ht GVA in industrial sector 66-88 Manufacturing 65-90 Construction. 73-90 —205—73 734 7.3.2 INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT PLAN Assessment of Performance, 1987-92 The MTPOP reports reviewed that the delivery of infrastructure services was inadequate during the Plan period 1987-1992. The country experienced acute power supply shortage. Transportation, communications, and water resource facilities wore insufficient in keeping up with their growing demand. The report indicated the following major problems hampered the development efforts in infrastructure sector: = Insufficient coordination among agencies/units in the implementation of infrastructure plans, policies, programs, and projects; - Tight budgetary constraints to support capital investments and Operation and Maintenance expenditures; and = Inadequate project preparation and lack of clear procedures for resolving environmental and community related issues that affect project implementation. Regarding land transportation development, about 64% (about $9,600 km) out of the total road network with around 160,843 km. have been upgraded for all- ‘weather use from the 49% coverage in 1986, Goals and Objectives of the Plan, 1993-1996 Major goals for the infrastructure sector established were as follows: +, Provide the primary needs of the population such as reliable and adequate water, health facilities and transportation; and + Provide facilities to support the productive sectors and act as catalyst of development. The goals and objectives of the transportation development in the Plan were put on: 1) to strengthen inter-regional and urban-rural linkages to ensure people's mobility and continuous flow of goods; and 2) to ensure the safely and efficiency of transport services to meet the needs of an increasing population and dynamic market demand. The following strategies for the transportation development related to the road sub-sector were included in the Plan: = Identify and provide basic transport infrastructure to ensure access and allow the integration of depressed communities; - Maintain existing transportation facilities propery to prolong their use; ~ Continuously upgrade transport facies and service standards to make sure that their quality and quantity are responsive to traffic growth; ~ Promote multimodal transport to facitate trade; = Develop the arterial road network consisting of a north-south backbone, east-west laterals, and other strategie roads; = Provide the transport facilty requirements of agriculture, fishing, and agrarian reform ereas, regional industrial centers, and tourism areas; = Proceed with the development of feeder ports under the Nationwide Feeder Ports Program in preparation for the devolution of theit © & M to LGUs; Establish specialized handiing facilities for grains and bulk carg and construct. addtional fishing ports through the Nation Development Program: in selected ports fe Fishing Ports ~206—~ Implement urban transport management measures and develop alternative modes of transport in coordination with LGUs to alleviate traffic congestion. Expand ‘existing mass transit systems to provide affordable means of transport, and pursue new projects, including expressways and tollways; ~ Intensity transport safety programs to minimize accident risks and protect lives through the implementation of rotevant recommendations of the Civil Aviation Master Plan, Maritime Safety Master Plan, and the Road Safety Program; = _ Strictly enforce environmental protection measures controlling vehicle emissions, water pollution, and noise pollution to safeguard the health of the population; = Strengthen institutional and interagency coordination of planning and project, implementation to ensure effective and efficient inter-modal linkage and reduce disruption of services; - Promote private sector participation in transport development, e.g. construction, maintenance, and operations of roads, expressways, mass transit systems, ports, railways, and torminals; = Enhance the capability of LGUs in administering, implementing and developing infrastructure faciliies, e.g,, local roads, municipal ports, as embodied in the Local Government Cod - Pursue efficiency-and competition-enhancing measures such as deregulation, decentralization, appropriate pricing mechanisms, and rationalization of user charges; = Adjust truck load limits along with road design standards to achieve a proper balance between trucking and infrastructure costs, and strictly enforce load limits; - Richabiltate the PNR Mainline South, study the rehabilitation and possible ‘extension of the northern line in Luzon and explore the feasiblity of adopting ral! as ‘@ means of transportation in other areas of the country; and ~ ° Upgrade the NAIA and explore the use of the reverted baselands for ils relocation or as a site for transport-related industrial complexes. The government investment required for infrastructure development during 4999-1998 accounted for P594,703 million as shown in Table 7.3-1. The transportation sector and the land transportation investments were planned to be P186,681 millon (31% of the total investment) and P135,955 milion (23%), respectively. TABLE 731 GOVERNMENT INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT PROGRAM (1993-1996) ‘Annual Disbursement ‘otal ‘Shave item 1993 1998 (1983-1998) by Sector) 1. Energy and Power 36,668 56517 5.28 2 Transporation 418,660 49,500 34.29 (Land Transporation (19,808) (0,884) (135,955) (22388) 3. Communication 2.202 880 3.982 1.58 4. Water Resources 8.364 21852 99,215 18.00 5: Social Infastructire aie 541 40'399 873 Total 7097s 134,869 594,708, 100.0 —207—7.4 REVIEW OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANS, 1993 - 1998 The Regional Development Plans, 1993 - 1998 in the Study Area are summarized Table 7.4-1, TABLE 7.4-1 (1) REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANS. Regina al atar- Mao Prova dat cere “Toga an megane ps ‘Noo, Balaban Bae) Me erie areas Prison eon tae east ety grey Wi betas on iat trvesmerts, gow peta racy growth cote. Reston | ans Region Pots ana statagy Instructors Dewonmert | crn Tranaporation Sector id aT OT GOT —} HR GS SATA (wanna | smegcarsin | caLananzon ‘enperdta eating evant ot | wok Oeil Min ent Suumem | evontoncr | agit mademiation rons port, iaoade and | Oats Mindono raring | Ren RS | Nedernathepecctanaysim | spare aarecniamaite | “gyn ahr ence Ugyaie an ge rarsgenartanicorseraton | conmanenontactee oY Promo Pride om aa sey capetioness Prov power ences “hart tim devepnert hag and weh esc protection Into supper inactive exten ictal rauctity Err act prtpaton the conmanty, CARRS Fm “er OAT rar SSERaNS——| Bel (ony | Marte are ama | -Grovthot mantactving ant | be Development Prjct- pase Coantarne | ita arte | senioee lected intandaon,Cataogan | Masbate (on gra) ws raanondottizen | esecoledbyagointaties | ant Pacer an 7 Raed ingeovenert abate | a ‘Ute uncon and Fa Prec Masbate) ete) evelepatApecazh Tana ala Ro Prefect or TH “CRIT eETOAT TTY | = GIST TTS WaT] “CRT TOT | western | predise ‘teeomerts (Regent sgt: | and power suplytomettie | km fm rena oad by Veen netic, ated enter | pay oe 198 evelepnet Dishil ap india | -Stogon ie comrued | Pace of 9249 kof 90 cme rovsionottarspttn, | -Cansucton ot 2048 mand Integaionsndterietagest | conmuncalenendenesy | srprovemetot 2227 mot lost irae gies ler se outta rasa TST, FS RT AT RE Te] —| TORIC NE spENET—| Cearst | tute certer | sith inataain sccesoads sa be proved] vega ord ates rood veras | -concewatznin | -Prometenota tracy tun | respond othe degre | newark ayer Mesrcebs savtenent hn, “Teter a uorce o —208—TABLE 7.4-1 (2)_ REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANS TD a ree TAT) Chauctentes of | Development Famework, Pos Region Intatractre Govotapment | Subeectorin Pee: ee “eanapotton Sector vir ara] Ua aac TE — |= Pra ESA ——— tesa] atm | RP epan ie lorcet aig Fagan Viger | Fendi eobway | tna provtont kaso coral antupgrad9 Frencsp Hay sonics aris ates | chert szsenday coca | -tnprovenert/ relworkard Govecpan tices | enhancer ol oud Inemaalanepen sytem | aewakto nao ea Prod upaac suppove | acess, noses te REST ECT GTR ae ara SeTaT ATO] wast | rypiooa bat talomar stony antago telat ben | rads Mindooos | ren gical aka geo Toropat retabate sod tery youth 4.240 kot ad renmces aoe Gateway rlpsring ASEAN TORRY yea TREAT PORTER TATE Nerten | Manas evelopment stony sined a atoriatngpevety and | epenup sew arcu vanes | -Revonce- ce | Urban delepmert coor ani | ina an geet pas val oud eatogy Comparer opps, Te improvewsting ade tracing pale xctero lest | apecintynBlron by poidg h acezary Mou Maing inact woot tcition | Cheavteents Rood retain Par By ge gree ejb pr See Sa Com ap" = pT saa sounwn | ypewonbee dre stegy spp erin Invern te egonton, oan |-Feevagrewurat | -ospesed concen sraegy | eimai an haan astionest sutsien, 1s Provicalaginhatial | development once To cont ano rmeouoes centers teat 2160 tate ‘aienay ot Pegira atl eto Totmplenet 2.240 0} reptonig ASEAN | Oma0 Ky tee cot sil ext a Gonerl Sartos oy fr] 2cas — “Eag W a S——] = ORR TAP ST] PTT ‘cereal | ypc Laregtering sco woman | devopwaterrsouces prove | Maroy gy ard Mindanao | -Ficnagrevta | agratan ott gon witvater | canmuncaton ice and | Quen bitae waste repens of iia ‘engend aeigy sy Aspe rexauces Premeonct Oster Cotabato | -Coniucion! provement ot | Hattomroat sod oatonay of Develojerert Awa ext Cagayanr | rons forlnwa-anfwtareional_ | Bagetypyarl ead igmorng Asean | igarcarioe Fehaye eed couiyle Contleg Casto xe ere utr ot oO aS EF] BRITS ———] “CoS TaNgTETOREE) ‘ypc bt ‘esegces ane opperuts, ‘ezanomistink one ater and | ond edges eg he Fenagrcimra | Toxtansustkai eveoprent | righting ros nthe ‘led spelt woney, ‘Toponis ayeroasal ‘nates Mant Mahara recurs evelopment (Devemet ole Regional | Cla rag Malabar ate ‘Touttance loam pleats | ntti Crtarn Parana ani |» Suten Gurr igen ASEAN Magincaras Pagan‘, Lama0 cnet snishrartt Podrca) | Lake Crewforet 33) Imvesinent Ett intlalaag, | ~Conttinprave tas Larne del Surana Magiroy. | tomatet oes apieasneo —209—75 REVIEW OF NATIONAL PHYSICAL FRAMEWORK PLAN, 1993 - 2022 (1) Goals The goals of the National Physical Framework Plan 1993-2022 established are as follows: = To help maintain and strengthen regional cohesion and integration ~ To facilitate efficient production and land utilization + To promote the physical environmental integrity of the country ~ To guide the locaiion of public and private investment - To provide spatial direction to the provision of basic services and urban development (2) National Integrated Protection Areas System (NIPAS) In order to protect and maintain the natural biological and physical diversities of the environment to sustain human life and development, National Integrated Protection Areas System (NIPAS) was enacted in 1992. The following categories of protected areas were established: ~ Strict nature reserve + Natural park Natural monument Wildlife sanctuary Protected landscapes and seascapes Resource reserve Natural biotic areas Other categories established by law, etc. National Park refers to a forest reservation essentially of natural wilderness character. The other protected areas include Game refuge ahd bird sanctuary, Wilderness area, Municipal forest tree parks and Barangay forest tree parks. (@) Agricutture The Network of Protected Areas for Agriculture (NPAA) (production land) has been identified by the Bureau of Soils and Water Management (BSWM) and should not be converted to non-agricultural use. The NPAA includes the following + Allirrigated and potentially irrigable lands + Ailalluvial plain lands highly suitable for agricultural production - Allsustainable lands that are traditional sources of food + Allcroplands that support the existing economie scale of production (4) Production Forest and Pasture Land Production forests were designated by the Plan to enhance forest productivity through sustainable management. Unproductive pasture lands were proposed to be converted to sustainable production forest. (6) Settlement Development Urbanization increased significantly during the 1970 - 1990 period. Region XI, X and Vii had the highest levels of urbanization, reflecting the rapid growth of Davao City, Cagayan de Oro City and Metro Cebu, respectively. ~20~Metro Cebu and Davao City were distinguished from the rest of the country's other cities by much lager populations, more varied market services. Aftor Metro Cebu and Davao Cily, the regional administrative, market and educational centers are _lollo, Bacolod, Dumaguete, —Tacloban, Zamboanga, Cagayan de Oro, Cotabato City and General Santos. Metro Cebu and the Hoilo City - Pavia - Santa Barbara corridor in Region Vit were expected to draw investments and population movements, together with Tacloban and Bacolod City. In Mindanao, Davao City, General Santos, Cotabato City and Zamboanga City in the south, and the Metro Cagayan de Oro - lligan City cortidor in the north were expected to expand their urban functions. (6) Industrial Development Area ‘The linkage of industries through emphasis on local resource utlization was. recommended to be strengthened. The establishment of Regional Industrial Centers (ICs) or Regional Agro-Industrial Centers (RAICs) and the Peoples Industrial Estates (PIEs) have been pursued to promote agro-based industries and open up employment opportunities in the rural areas. (7) Infrastructure Development The settlement policy of regional concentration toward national dispersal was tecommended to be supported by infrastructure plans to strengthen lateral, interregional linkage within the hierarchy of settlements. (®) Mining Mining industry was proposed to promote balance between ecology and economy. (®) Transportation The transportation system was: aimed to be geared toward the promotion of efficient and cost effective services. The construction and improvement of inter-regional road linkages shall be pursued connecting the country’s provinces and regional centers. Priority should be given to routes that: ~ provide significant improvements in production and marketing activities = serve as alternative routes for other regions in emergency situations respect protected areas (10) Communication Telecommunication services was proposed to be expanded to all unserved municipalities at reasonable rate. (11) Energy The interconnection of Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao grids to form a single integrated grid was proposed to be pursued. (12) Water Resources 1) Water Supply The coverage served with adequate water was proposed to be expanded, ~21l-16 764 76.2 76.3 2) lnrigation ‘The Accelerated Irrigation Program was proposed to irrigate the remaining irrigable land in the next 10 years. 3) Flood Control and Drainage Flood control and protection works in the critical areas were scheduled to be completed. Flood control and drainage supports to agricultural development shall be constructed. OTHER DEVELOPMENT PLANS Updated Mindanao Development Framework Plan, 1994 - 1998 The Plan was prepared by the Mindanao Economic Development Council and NEDA by integrating five Regional Development Plans in Mindanao. In order to achieve balanced development among Regions in Mindanao, inter-regional development projects were planned to be consistently implemented. Development emphasis was placed on the agro-industrial sector in line with the Government's goal. Medium Term Agricultural Development Plan, 1993-1998 ‘The Plan provided the basis for development of the agricultural sector and adopted the Key Production Area development approach designating the key or priority areas for specific products according to the agro-climatic and market conditions. It encouraged farmers to produce specific crops, livestock and fishery products in areas that have the advantage. The following programs were promoted: ~ Grain Production Enhancement Program : aims to increase irrigated rice lands and corn areas, their yield and production. - Medium-Term Livestock Development Program : seeks to lay foundation for a productive, efficient and sustainable livestock and poultry industry. - Key Commercial Crops Development Program : aims to increase existing productivity level of commercial crops, the: income of commercial crop farmers and the value of commercial crops exports, and to diversify marginal rice and corn area to commercial crop areas. - Medium-Term Fisheries Management and Development Program : aims to enhance the productivity of the fisheries resources, increasing aquaculture productivity and the number of coastal resource management bays, and improving efficiency of the commercial fishing fleet. Tourism Master Plan, 1991-2010 The main goals of the Plan are: ~ optimize the contribution of tourism to economic growth at a national and regional level, ~ enhance and contribute to social cohesion and cultural preservation at a local level, - develop tourism on an environmentally sustainable basis, and + develop diversity of destinations, attractions and markets to minimize exposure to major internal and external threats to tourism activity. In addition, the Department of Tourism is preparing Regional or Sub-Regional Tourism Development Master Plans. —n2~7.7 DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS 7.7.1, Irrigation Projects Irrigation projects are managed by National Irrigation Administration (NIA). The tolal irrigated area was 1.3 million ha in 1995, which formed 42% of the estimated potential irrigable area of 3.1 million ha. In Region-Vi,X,XI and Xit the ratio of irrigated area is below the national average and there are left the rooms for development, especially in Mindanao Island. They are classified into the following three systems; - National irrigation system (50% in 1995) is constructed and managed by NIA. ‘Communal irrigation system (86%) is constructed by NIA and turned over to farmers and managed by them. - Private irrigation system (14%) is constructed and managed by private farmers or organization. ‘TABLE 7.7-1_ IRRIGATION AREA AND DEVELOPMENT _ Estimated Region | Potentat Iigation Area (ha) Inigatin lragathe |~ 1908] 1004 1905 Development Acea a) Communal | Private * carn | sesso = seats] 58,225 seeri| a7atal 68 1 277,180) 184,182|, 189,259] 152,640] reset] s040a] 85 0 472,640), 282,287| . 198,005| 196,006] 20,850]. 23.005) at | 82.290] 288,711) 247,427), 259,07¢ 63.625, 16.562] 52 wi | 263,590] 159,993] 117,478] 120,002 agro] 23.824) 46 209.660] 89,904] 97,117) 109,554] ease] 22,710) 40 197,260] 109.921] 76,711] 70,711| $2,295, 18.977] S409] '50,740) 23,950] 18,609] 19,086| of 16,544) 2600] 8 ‘24,380 57,606] 40,03] 49,585, 15,642] 20,812) 4.g01] 50 76500] 98,174] 31,947| 92,702] 14,202) 16,448) 1.972) 48 ‘280,180| 2,501] Se010| 63,765) 20.540) 20,344] 9801 290,200] 131,949] 65,145] 05,055] 46,080] 27,841] 10,501 362,000] 114,933] 03,550] _90,058| 47,090 _97.654]__6,005) 126,240) 840,041] 1,268,426] 1,907,010] 51,212 474,289] 120.909] Ltzexl e7o%| 100.0%] aoa] 969%] 19.8%] a/R BR ‘af Eatimated poteriialirigabie aa (PIA) Is based on the 0% slope rier. (Gource : National irigation Administration) The irrigation Development Program (1997 - 2006) by NIA encompasses new irrigation development of 425 thousand ha and rehabilitation of 951 thousand ha including on-going projects and proposed projects. 213TABLE 7.7-2 ON-GOING / PROPOSED IRRIGATION PROJECT ‘Sustained Boat Project Program | New _|Rehabitation |Restoraion| O&M |Drainage| Repair 7 [iat] ha ha ha Tatar (On-going Projects, Priory and Other 424,73] 951,351] 211,000) 990,696) - 2,996] 6,061 Pipeline Projects and Other \Programs), [On-going Projects iarzai| 77TH] oO swe) 786) —— BT Projects inthe Study Avoa) IRV Palawan 4,125] 1,216 IRV. Bonet 4960] IE-ViVi.Vit Visayas Communal 3250] 7,700) Roa Agusan det Norte 7se2] = IR-Vit___Nerthern Leyte 209] 12.648 IR-Ki, North Cotabato & Tool JARMM— Maguindanao [AaWM ___Maguindanao 7 16,583] INatoraide Priory Pipeine Project 79,140), 211,000] [Projects ir the Study Areay Rx Agusan del Sur geo] IRM Atlan 380] 9,629] IRV Bohol 5200] IRV Western Visayas 11,200] 24,709 IR-vin___Nortnern Samar 4550] ‘Soutoa! Nafonal ligation Adminisiaion 7.12 Flood Controt Projects The DPWH has 14 on-going / proposed flood control projects, among which 8 projects are in the Study Area. The outline of the projects are shown in Table 7.73. TABLE 7.7-3_ ON-GOING / PROPOSED FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS [Project Name Fiver Syst Location [Area ‘Scope of Work Food Mitigation Project |Malbasag - Anilaa |Ormac Cif, JOrmoc Cily 5 bridges, 3 sit dams, in Ormoc Gity Rivers R8 4 km dikes both banics Wola Ciy Flood Control | Jao Tao Fivers Tliilo City, | foe Ciy km Jaro food way, /and Environmental Re Pavia, Leganes [river - drainage Improvement Project improvement. Panay River Basin —_[Paray River [Panay | Capiz, part of | flood contro, igation, Development Project RS iolo and Aklan | water supe log - Hiabangan Fiver |llog-ilabangan [Negros [Negros Oriental, [river improvement [Basin Flood Control | Rivers sland, F-6,7 | Negros Occidental Project Water Sources (Cotabato, Ali, Mindanao | Bukdnon, Agusan | Rood sonia, rigation, Development of PulangiFivers" |R-10, 11, | de! Sur, Davao, |water supply, hydro [Cotabato River Basin 12, ARMM |Cotabato, power, drainage Maguindanao, improvement Sultan Kudarat Flood Control and Urban | Agusan, Tagoloan, |Misairis | Gegayan de Or6 [food conta, storm Drainage Project in |ipona,Biga-an, "|Oriental, | Giy, Tagoloan | water drainage, tidal [Cagayan de Oro City | Cagayande Oro |R-10 contro Fivors iood Control and | Agusan, Davao, [Davao Ci, } food control, water Related Wator Use | Libugaron Rivers |R-11 Buawan, Carmen, resources development Development in Davao /Asuncion, New Area Carela, Tigum, Sto. Tomas [Occidental Mindoro ——[Ammnay-Patnck, Occidental | Occidental ood contol, water Integrated River Basin [Pagalungan, "Mindoro, | Mindoro resources development [Development Project _|Busuanga Fivers_|R-a-B Source : OPWH —2d—7.7.3 Electricity The on-going / proposed projects include the following, TABLE 7.7-4 MAJOR ON-GOING / PROPOSED ELECTRICITY PROJECT. Project ‘Area | Luzon-Leyteinterconnection SSS RV, VT ot abu Leyte interconnection RA, Vi Nogios ~ Cabu interconnection FIT | Negros - Panay interconnection RVI Pe ‘Mindanao - Leyte interconnection ee Will, Xitt ‘880 MW Tangonan geothermal power plant Leyte, AVN ‘GONNT diesel power plant Boho, RVI “ZEMAN Mambucal geothermal power plant Negros Occidental, F-Vi ‘80 Wid’ Palinpinon power plant ‘Nagros Orientsl, A-VIr 100 WW Nasipit diesel power plant ‘Agusan del Nore, Axi ‘9B MW Tomen diesel power plant ‘Wisamnis Oriental, FX "195 HAW Orbeta power plant ‘Wisamis Oriental, AX 100 MW Miaco diesel power plant Davao, Xt ‘240 MW Minanao geothermal power plant North Cotabato, R-XIr "200 Mi Leyte-Cabu geothermal power plant RVI, Vill “G0 WW Leyte Luzon geathormal plant RY, Vil | “240 WY Leyie-Mindanao geothermal plant Vii, XT 40 MW lligan City diesel plant Lanao del Norte, A-XIT | 50 MW General Sanios diesel plant ‘South Cotabato, |"200 WW Mindanao Power Barges plant Davao, Agusan 200 MW Mindanao coal-fired thermal plant "ower Corporation Source: MIPOP 1999-1998 ~215~a4 8.44 CHAPTER 8 FUTURE SOCIO-ECONOMIC FRAMEWORK DEMOGRAPHIC FRAMEWORK Projection of Population “1995-based National and Regional Population Projection” was prepared by the Technical Advisory Group and NSO Population Projections and approved by NSCB in 1997 as the official figures to be utilized for planning and programming purpose. “Philippine Population Projections: 1980-2030" (PPP 1980-2030) is the sole projection which includes projection by municipality by urban/rural. Therefore, the population projection of “1995-based National and Regional Population Projection” in the medium assumption was broken down to municipality level using the data of the PPP 1980-2030. The urban population was also obiained in proportion to the ratio of the PPP 1980-2030 each year. Adjusiment was made in 1990 urban population data. The method as shown in the flow chart (Figure 8.1-1) FIGURE 8.1-1 FLOW OF POPULATION PROJECTION The average annual geometric growth rates for the projection is shown in Table 8.1-1. The growth rates of the regions in Mindanao, except ARMM, are higher than the national average, while those of the regions in Visayas except Region VII are lower than the average. The growth rate of Region XI during 1995-2000 is 2.51 during 1995-2000 and 1.45 during 2015-2020. Region VI has the low rate of 1.83 during 1995-2000 and it declines to 1.05 during 2015-2020. ~211~‘TABLE 8.1-1 AVERAGE ANNUAL. GEOMETRIC GROWTH RATE BY REGION: 4995-2020 8.1.2 Population Projection in the Study Area and Distribution ‘The trend of the population is shown in Figure 8.1-2. ‘The national population was estimated to increase from 68.6 million in 1995 to 105.5 milion in 2020 while the population in the Study Area amounted 31.1 million in 1895 and 48.5, million in 2020.. The share of the Study Area showed slight increase from 45.4% in 1995 to 46.0% in 2020. a Philipines a Study Area Total FIGURE 8.1-2 POPULATION PROJECTION OF PHILIPPINES AND STUDY AREA Table 8.1-2 shows the population by region and by province both for the whole population and population within the Study Area. Urban population projection is shown in Table 8.1-3. Table 8,1-4 summarizes the population in the Study Area by island, =218~TABLE 81-2 POPULATION PROJECTION ( TOTAL POPULATION) } = capa it Yast Payee] i aut ST EATER i er “aslo yes 7 my ast srt} asaot 3% cael eset 4 igi 7 } 5 i enguer serie } } } } } fies tanie } ‘tease | } 4 ) } Taonga otis } } H 3 1 Aipounce | pec ee 3 } cee [eee 1 tt i ti Frocos re erer 1 1 5 1 ovos sur Bea } } } } } 1 teow fase } } } 3 } } Parsnan aimeot. | , i i oe me i i + Fexcmes ‘eat 7 7 7 5 ; ‘naan sino i } } } } } tages v2 1 } } } } } Seva cava soaoes 1 } } } } } un Bie i } : j } [area [ease 7 } t 7 7 5 ¥ 7 y ‘uae veda Hae | 3) sonia 3 3 } } } } muevatoun ‘asawr |) tem 3) desieos } tags | 3 } 3) foees } } Panos imerert 3) orate 3) det & } Brass ( 3) arse { 3] Paevne (> 3] daaiare¢ 3) aitsaie« } Tame Senor }) “sane ¢ 1] Bee 1 ieee of Bam « 4) Bia 3) ee: 2 Riau: } Fauaaea Ps ‘ _eraane five i] “onsae 00 Teneo i ti sae i t eS rose aay {remedies} x tear 5 t Peet 7 TY Bee 5 asses t= rare sssar | ate | } { ose (- 3) zpsme | aasert 3] asssare 3) armas ¢ } care | ieoaet trea | } aiieson 3) zante { 3) Bega 3] Bisons t 3) Sai } en, vena: thee ( } Bigaee ( 3) Zotac 1) amaze ¢ 3) Brsesat¢ 3) Beerate } wou ‘ao ¢ “oats { ‘nose | 2og7)| “Maas zewe}| “aeanio {cous )| “mows (soe | “are (are) ‘SeciDENTAL uNDoRD so ‘cst {| Seeweo}| rtaer {“Seere|| tome {ten} “Smee Sonar] Seas, oir eset sen ¢ erect ( Tenea}| taeass {| oama}| naan ( Sross)| toisaes¢ voisowe)] onete ¢ nea) Patan eran ¢ foci ( teidee}] Sesit (Fasoen|] uueana ¢ Serawe| tose “ersen|] 12neo ("wena Suen areate ( sateen ( 3). stator ¢ Maer 3] deeeon 3) detaaee } Sos on Tee | Ee ysl] LTS seal] Sa | toe: } vow Beeson fers zoean\| “Somes (an ‘seer ou}| tes | Bas | srs vous in| anor t Esha t BOIS | aso ee [Tear Baas Z sare "NEAT } ibaa tirsoart {Psst ieee 3a er 7 ‘asters nose ‘omit 3) Neraar ¢ ‘Dat ( 3) “srrees ¢ 3] “ater 3] Sexes ¢ “amo { ; ‘hates Son vipat 3) sasnese spss 3) saree (2 3) zooeest 2) esaaste 211838 ( } earouaes| Stoaee zooaes}| amerze ¢zeosne}| “Sanam | Beau este] “eoer ¢ aeay}] “Bee ( cenais}] “aera ¢ ima! eee) fiasonre Giese Hove}| roms ¢ Sores)|Tiaas ¢ rove (| feseur)] fasta ¢ Scan] Srae ( Gorane}| foes Sioa | Ta) — | shear arene} senna ssa omee | rer tamer | root tame} sr Spas ag areas tans] — at aaa] ost )] ~ AP sai Seay ¢ eqar | — e080] sitive Diratattse)| sete ton) ara | Seae}| sma {| swanj| sire | sooter)| amar Seen | tenao)| oa, Gio tira}| Sows {| aas)] ase ¢ eases}| borate ¢sstara}| Seas (—Sonast}] Songer ¢ Stas | Sars} Soins Geao{ ‘ste}] Sanam (fom {| aoe | oon} Yoas\] erie ( Tetiae\| rag ( trgo)| sat ioe {toa ‘oto yiee| ytaae] era ¢ yrere)| yamee ( atee poen)| ates altim)| zing ¢ aanen)| zeal pee zee Meeresocoosimm | stiee| Resties\| Sse (20050 3| zemrae ¢ Zemyoe | eater {deat ewsers | Somase (Sema )| Sarge ( S2roeoryl 3203 Steg | sce cH Estates | 25 Ses t aa | ao (BSR |S tS er ouss {| —Seenee | ese rt Pome tar Heparin Fioxoc————| “saesert —“Srsar}} santa t-—taroamey} tas (i eeaney] ~trecet rare Tancidy] ties (—taakansy] —toenree | tay] tater dia | — tare ‘eau owen { aan }| sumvee{ gencva}| Aatoon (suet Bazar} {Mose }] 4ieaane ( Seegena | imams ¢ sbmase (Gana fete nena Somes ( somien}} tian (tbe) | taseam (laze) aie { iSei}] tease {10563 eso | Baars (Sete Sen vote ( “reste)| “stare ¢ Teen (oa) ee) {etme )| “orase | etna) “anaot{ ‘irae | “ora i = casi iie (apes “a7 “asta: { sare ass} Tae 3H sts Psa eee (eae are ‘ene (08 sein a fiat at tara st ises EASE SAMAR Bima (anae|| ase | ier | iar} aeoar\| sinara {| sina}| omen ¢ esor)| syste Saas | sees) tere sie ( tarmer}| vaste ( sarsieo}] Gamage (1006) vdtoter}| ameaer { 2umuer}| 2ieaam¢ 2iesmo3| 21st a2 (ga NomTnERw cana fevsn}| “aio ( “waen)] “Sica (“Sea (‘Sato ser | “ase ¢ “eactas}| “ase ¢ “ena }] “Tea ¢ aot { neorern aan Sera}| corse { Ssgroej| Sap {| _Srens) {Sa} Sic}| esses Seems] imnaie Haier | cs S87 Piss 7 (ower) aneay | ME eae —aiiiie | icsrae 3 iat ene i 5 Her | er 7 ‘soa ot Son arar\| sess {1s || uae | {S20 azote deen (_soieean) denne (tes) x Haare | Saar aro t Sear | har i 5S str | Sontear Sierras raat “Serer —teerir] pear ets} ‘ee }] set Taste } tier} Taner (—taieae] vane’ —tasmr}| teieuet— iste Samco “a9| ace] “ron | au 539 | Tes (voaes}| “rarest ayse)| soa { eon} bistas onena 1980} gag || sess | sso | Se } Bast { stot }| zune {1723} x ase) its} seo esr 7erserr {78 0] DART OR TONE Higast tea) Tater + Tae} [tate tires} ano oe sk Vespiea( therde} Tee\| toa | Zizi ¢ Hema Baler ¢ 2oraee Benen ( 2ese} Envno ona ‘Guat eae?) ‘oeae)| “tae | es ¢ ‘Sos| fees (“es Toner {“oorar} vasa Sit Sees) gene) zor | om ¢ eure Bim (Sun) ero {ais} SeuINEOTABLTO Sie Sane} Srer\| umes | sine, ih fitos secstee | saan soagn (saa 738 t ‘Bie }| teense | ana iinet —servresit a Sam} ee SorROKS ‘ages | — one} sar}|—“fetenr | — “ine tert ea tases 1 anu bet wonre rare Tae Tawo|| ptsw | fore )| meer | ‘oases ) Voss (1400209) Staiannuoare weil Beer) Seer }| Soa (Gann }| eect ( i008 | ‘ease eoinanroan Yarn vere} fee] imo ee) eae ¢ Sense Sarna ‘hegre Heaae Wig] tase ( ngen] Sara Bane ci x aris Ta oa | f een SNS BECED ita) arns}] eae | —ateanry] aes ‘erat meunonins feo or) ferws}| fare Saran)| eran ¢ sa) a Sai } ) Se 3) See t- } Saucon sar 3] Sates: | a a z semse} sree | eer 8 “SEUSATOELHORTE i ‘Seies}| —seuesetseoseey] eae t zy ‘susan oF Sor Staal Eoue)| Sense { Segp}| canal ¢ sn) ‘oncro es nore ideal Sotan}| seen Sonren}} Spee { mane) ¥ Simao eet a8 isn} Sree (vas) tes ero}| Sue { _aszte}| fens (_fieowe | sist THEE RE TTT —219-~220—TABLE 8.1-3 POPULATION PROJECTION ( URBAN POPULATION ) vas ry ma raat saa Th ee aie EEE a 1 Sse a i cn 3 +H ip ert BI Wart 5 Senover 2isaan ¢ } S| near ¢ alas (2 4] steses (> } rosa 1 bf arias 2h ( H “Sadee ( ) FAUNOA aeara0 om i i} Boia ras } } imrenovnee pane 1 Hyatt 1 [see Kone sia y i 4 {Locos sun souass ( i joe | > } A] Piaaat } } ‘Saaeia } tes | sacar t icacan LBL fia coun Bol { Patra vom ( ‘ *antne { { Paaances { 2 2 r ss PoRE | Tren sor} ear eet t t 7 + a rH ¢ i] stew ¢ ; 3 sean f } ( 2) eee } ‘ 3] visa aise 3) anasels } aimee (2 2) ayes } ‘ 3} Mess Nhosser ¢ 1) Zan 3 iis | 3) Maries ¢ } © sore}} Shr £ (ws) } exem}| “Geer (osare}| "ite (ras) Seibena oKo { Saei| sos wast S38) 3 feeot}| nae Tray] sree (Bae) SeenraL moore {eave} sono iia ¢ meat) 3 diner }| feeses (secces3)| Tagore (stage } fmuawen (weir)] aang ¢ wea tere 3 ‘Souos}| onan (| Sease}|caesa | ewe uae ( 3) BS. eis ( } 3 3) Behan ¢ 3] oes | } ent 38a ( 3) asst ¢ stew } } 3) atrame ¢ 3] tones ¢ 3 FoMLoN ‘sen (sooe\| ates Bit gas gre Shel geil Sash are ti Taree (AT ren eH a sit a ERT Steet are weet ¥ ‘Spare yy Str } Saiares nonre rd ie 330 ¢ } 3] a Sore (- hanes son at ( 3) eee ¢ sean ( } 3) Skee 3) aie ¢ } Exrmounnes ‘Sees {ssmre}| “tea ¢ oe) wion}] Tele ( usse)| farae € ree} hasonre ei] ve ei Si) 3ES}) same ( Sane}] HEtee | Sarin} he mare} —reser t zits tess serra} sitet oreo a = i sr mart —“ stat fey] ene a) ‘nrnaue wsgeey| goa { vero | 1509) 0}| mee (201s) one was}| (aE | tie (tae) | cow {sas} Sonos are}| ‘ona ¢ Dar a0) we}! “sons ¢ “soni8) Iieoros cocoa: sir {_atserr}| some { ars {Sirs} sej|_Yarem {_Yarem} a fohistte (Samp ear)| nor Sabres {it {S907} Serer (—nveri}— ner t Senet ans) se }] rater t 7 ‘eo saeoor | saettel}| smash ( samoone)| 17ra | afeoine {1208080} joa}| amram ( aactare} Sawn Stim |__Segee3| te ihgan)| Stas Sees t__ “ase 0}| “Sram ¢“Srasr} car “38 at Teeseer 1 raise | rt Tabor {17a ej] aor — rae} ‘Bua Bet war aeas | aes she t 1 “Brurt —“snes}} "ars t ‘ EARN GAMA sea | fast vreej]aian(renty| satan wie | seein neat] ata (204 | tere sez | see (Ske) Saat ¢ Sa) Gaon ¢ ge {Tera} fea) } NeeTiea savan iis | Yee ¢Migere}]‘Sotdie (Setges}| Sata ise | teres} eine} } SeesreRn SAAR stows (song }|orar{sieaa}|_sorome {esan| sept { a0 ( somn} ise {ter} } % sage | Het |f nar bsd | rt ee wae | ei) [sansa t aa i STAT Tent 3 asec cat } ot io usec | 4 Buwdwvcaoavowre | sesase ( wsame}| seers weere;| ase tase] zee { 948) ise wrs28) ‘usonnen oe son ran { _tiaseay| tava ¢__tsowe}| fete ¢ Ustee)| eer f i Sm setae | eb z vaenier ts | “Thease (Thrace | iat tare ot seq z a et ‘Rao Seiao ( —"totino}| eer aes} —“aeasre (—"asis}| Sora nr} t [iis Mae ‘acu Saus{ aiao3| ‘assert aorj|wee{ meo\| mam sew} ure, sr) aa aaa) ies ocroenra. oe Be] feet Gel ee Se aes dell ee a Em tage] wie wer tusatas Seer reeso | _renaio}| seo so {de} ygses||_sorem | ares somes | inse}| arise {santas it F Taner | a ‘ iat r 4 en siete ar {ian ‘avasecients ——|—“aenrrrt aster }} —anbent | —Sratonf atta tana ion] sera | eos ‘eats trate] —Yrnear (7 SAIN DEL um Gee ( omse)| mare (aara)| seem (asm) sareaoe }]132oam | vaatae | wirove ( aareaa)| mia ( 1ie08) avno ore Size ¢ Tara) Taam tap] tearae ¢ “otra ‘onaes | “iecame { “iouaon ‘ary ( “aearer}| “enoir (“aatr) sourneoraaaro SE Be) sorass|| Sofa | Sesee) Seon || airare | rare) ates {areas tr Sart — eer Sr | Tse (TR ee Tg] eee tae eT [iets OTRAS waret tae) fouoi| —enr | — “nen cr aay | ~ eases | nes} Sec taro ost none zeeter abst) Bare}| 31249 | 3109) Senne }| aow (ao) Geist | erase Surat nun ize ( thm} ‘rues || zeme | zt) Bist)| Seon | ean) ‘Sean | ims (See) eoraarocte } sare (ers) tezaes)|Tekors ( mi] tact fee ite (eer) asa ( aa Bage) Seana en sews {eae fies }| teasoe | tsse}|topire | tne)| stra | tata ose | iia tare a [ahem ae 11 — esate} | at — Sa] a a SiS eset TARROSET STR ert eat sy ieee) ae (seer enti Tey t 4 t a} tcunbaine aisa (14750) imeioo)| amies | amiess| oman (omen || swan (aoa) sp) astara}] sees (oaaes} sto eer } 3] Tek 3] tate ¢ 1] faasae ¢ } ten | 3] str 3 Sawa | esse best 3] “ara sane i woot iL eae | bi Ss ‘gp eee | 7 Sie act] Tass — aac Taste RTI ase Pkcvsmroernanre—-]}—Sae ior (ts 0} ia t |—Saime { — freee] —seneor | oe ‘ess | 4 t ¥ fousnw ort oun ieee { 7 3] Sou ¢ voeu3| ewe ¢ ewo)| starter) irae { ferses}] mia (23) SUmgn0 be. nowre ieeaes ¢ al 3) ate tis (mer || mom {taba} Seo! fesse] germ! Teor) Sueno bet un ios {__sere sion} avec { ews (ews )| Bern eres) Seog ¢ asses || son Seer] Sea | Seat it i RTH ~221~222Hanae TORSO MOOG 720.a i i Mindoro. 12.907 000,067 1,035,447 472692 1.320831 1.485080 1.517.808 1,668,000 Pelowan 502.352 632.535 ‘576,637 ‘coa.one 758.043 854.306 875098 50,409 RomBton 216088 © 23075 234,007 263523 273,683 205044 200,194 910,160 Catandunnes | 202404 209,128 220,085 253840 226614 252457 2Od.8I6 © 209.291 279.434) Masbate Gon249 527605 657.855 SONEDA GOGAT 647403 GHr.0B4 —Ga.872 721,72 Panay aaonist 9314490 3505,787 3.701.842 9,825,770 4,190,710 427,000 4.477.440 404029} Guierares yooaro —"1e0e8 130,012 “s47472 ‘$40,823 ‘101,202 ‘474.400 179.210 160,280) Nogios 3469499 0588,409 2,700,050 4085.740 4.152.087 4.446.292 4,720,450 4,768,140 4,088,025 Botol ‘SyE.244 | 1010088 1.088.900 1.141.086 4.160.410 1.246.278 1g2m.197 1,395,781 1.987.207 Cebu 27DBAT 28MOAST 3024-782 3,264.639 3,324,760 3,008,095 2.000.023 9.914.209 4 102,485 Squier 73798 T6614 LA12 «07.049 "68,523 95,880 © T01,804 "102954 407,20 Leyte jozdas 2onee42 21410092 2azdeat 2,260,162 2597.598 2818228 2055609 3.017.870 ‘Samar Hoeaare teio.t4s 1486984 1654539 tsedocs 1.731.831 te7aez4 098.687 2,008,101 Mincanao | 14775679 184471377 18(620,182 16,103,781 16,060,690 20.449,100 22,106,004 22,402,518 23,700,700 camigu egces 0806770627 ea? 75,919 75.082 yaaa 78753” 00.204 —223—8.1.3 Age Structure and Migration ‘The age and sex structure is thought to change to so-called “bell type" in 2010- 2015 from the current “pyramid type", that is, the population of each age group under 25 year old will keep same level due to high survival rate; the population of old ages will increase; the rate of dependent population to working age (not loss than 16 and less than 65) population will decrease from 0.72 in 1995 to 0.63 in 2015, will contribute to the development of the economy. oo oo 70-74 1-74 0-04 co-08 0-54 60-54 Bio loa 30-34 0-4 20-24 0-4 10-14 0-4 0-4 . o4 Poe ade mikon people 2010 2015 FIGURE 01-3 AGE STRUCTURE IN 2010 AND 2016 0200 FIGURE 8.1-4 RATE OF DEPENDENT POPULATION TO WORKING AGE (NOT LESS THAN 15 AND LESS THAN 65) POPULATION 8.1.4 Labor Force and Employment ‘The population 15 years old and over was projected to 72 million in 2016. The rate of the population in the labor force or the economically active population has been about 65% in these 10 years and is supposed to be constant. The ‘employment rate was assumed to be gradually enhanced to 95% in 2016 or the unemployment rate would be 5%. In this condition, the total employment in 2016 was estimated to be 44,482 thousand people. The rate of agricultural employment to rural population was 31.3% in 1995 and would increase to 36.2% in 2016 or the agricultural employment would become 15,523 thousand. The rates of industries and services employment to urban population were 12.4% and 32.0%, respectively. The rate would be 13.5% and 37.0% in 2016 with a slight shift to the services sector. The industries and services employment would be 7,747 thousand and 21,212 thousand people, respectively in 2016. ~224—The result of the projection was that the composition of employment in agricultural, industries and services sectors was 44%, 16% and 40%, respectively in 1995 and would be 35%, 17% and 48% in 2016. The agricultural employment would reduce the share but the number would increase by more than 4 million. Employment projection by sector is summarized in Table 8.1-6. TABLE 8.1-5 EMPLOYMENT PROJECTION BY SECTOR io ae is [ae 0s ae 2.214778 | @1951,201 | 99,007,887 | t0n.289.015 “‘ari7on | aoese,sc0 | wo.2t0r67 | era%0e7 e407 767 | 4,892.95 Ppcputaen ea.siesoe | 7.590597 | 760,141 [Ginan Population | 3226080 | 4000077 [Rua popuiton | 36,300.87 | 07,007,000 FPordaton cme | go sanaze | 4.122886 4719.00 5.708968 | e274901 sveess 7 ~esan | 08a% [riser tae ee KEmptoynentie | eons] oan | _sotm wars [oom | ta anpoymers_| 25600000 | awasom0 | 28704404 ‘serco2s2| oe.05,00 | easvaes Famer EP eR] Oe waa] sae] fonts frsipopaton js Tess | eee] aa | aa Pe] aa | | ap eR] RP eR] | re gure saeco | Tseseas | rasaze Tase5 a0 | 1673007 | 1.20000 aie | ass | at ‘ioe | ana | okoe ing “4007900 | 462,281] _4755,108 epeiees | 7asaees| 7748707 ‘eax | sow | 60m ‘ese | “Saran | ara (sane oss7.o00 | ioe 116 | reseeeee Tireaare | ROMER | ATO on | aon | ae tous | hae 7% (NSO, JICA Study Tear) "191.6% (NSO), 92.6% caleulation in this lable 22582 FUTURE LAND USE “Crop Development and Soil Conservation Framework (1990), Agricultural Land Management and Evaluation Division (ALMED), BSWM" proposed the development cluster analyzing comprehensively existing land use, slope, elevation, climate, crop production, soil erosion, water resources and other conditions, The development cluster consists of production zone, agricultural ‘expansion . zone, rehabilitation zone, conservation/protection zone and miscellaneous area. (Table 8.2-1, 2) ‘TABLE 82-1_DESCRIPTION OF DEVELOPMENT CLUSTER (FUTURE LAND USE) _(BSWM)_ Tone / Area ‘aserpon “Fipioaion Zone Sia fo aie production To] ‘Aatcutural Aa Less Uli) | Lands devote to lensveagicaral production wih fess aid aH degradation comes ‘icaora Aiea an ands genoa lad or agetara prodion ajo Tae Degradation __| sgration [feasts Grazng andg ody for rang vtech Faenpond Ponds for emmocil production of prawns, Tahes, muss Teroutral Exparion Zone Most grasdand or baring on ow ils andiower siopes of | mourtans sifting ctvation Fetabiaiion Zane ‘os slopes more than Te degree abject To Sal erosion Referesation and Alforestaion Aves_| reseration/Conservation Zone | Cands sdqually coverod wah woods on slopes — ‘Woodland: rimary and secand grovah forest Wetland Fowl Mangrove forests, marshes are swamps wih bio diver ‘Othe: man-made land use ‘TABLE 8.2.2 DEVELOPMENT CLUSTER BY ISLAND IN THE STUDY AREA —_ (unit + hal ‘Aaicaaal Zone Forest Zane ‘stend—— Aaritre Pehabination | Preiecion | Buitup | - Total Zone | Zone. Zona. | Others ‘Marindugus Taos | 23,440 | 44a 14,274 2,068 ‘35,825 Mindoro poses | 400} —2aaiase | seo.soa] asia | s,oae57 Palawan ssi75 | 172400 | 275.828] serie | 28,005 | 1.480.806 Romblon ‘sde0e | 5.735 50.823 | 42.600 1542 | iss,509 Masbate eriaso | 521590 s7eot| aes ees | 404760 Panay Gumaras)| 47487 | so1193} 90880 | vaazes | —osaas | 1,208,100 Negro 677.160} 208716] 321,037 4'332,810 Bono! tesers | “eat 29,808 “511.700 Cebu siquioy) | 244g | — sag05} 2a see 873,705 Lew (eirany | 4iso17 | 64s 189,368 748,760 Sane sioz63} 70713] 22080, 4,342,860 Mindenao 139,721 9,704,008, Samiguin i978 23.565. {Study Area Tota 3.502.950 Tesos.a76 =226~Aguicuture Zone. Expansion Zone __Rehabitfaton Zone Protection Zone Bul-Up & Others Mariduque Mindoro Rombion Masbate Panay (Guimaras) Negros, Bone! cebu (Siauijr} Leyte (Bitean) Samar Minganso Camiguin SEE on 20% 40% 60m 20% 100% FIGURE 82-1 FUTURE LAND USE BY ISLAND 5,000 4,500 4,000 3.500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1500 (100 ha ) 4900 500 FIGURE 8.2-2 FUTURE LAND USE BY REGION ~227—FIGURE 8.2-3 FUTURE LAND USE —229—In the target year of the Study (2016), the Production Zone was assumed to be fully utilized with measures against | land degradation, The Agricultural Expansion Zone was assumed to be developed, The development target in each province by 2016 is set as Table 8.2-3 with consideration of the conditions. The total agricultural land in the target year is TABLE 8.2.3 DEVELOPMENT TAR shown in Table 6.2-4, \GET IN AGRICULTURAL EXPANSION ZONE. ie Development Provinces Target in lexpansion Zone| Description Fombion 1.0 Antique Leyte (Biican) Warinduque, Masbate 08 Aklan Capi, toil (Guimaras) ‘Negros Oriental, ‘Negros Occidental, Bohol, Cebu (Siquijor) ‘Southorn Leyte ‘Agusan dol Norto Lanao def Sur Maguindanao “The existing agricultural land already covers most of arable land and extending marginal ateas. The ‘xpansion zone should be utilized asa whole with afforestion and agro-forestry in the land subject to land degradation. The exsting ‘covers most of arable land and extending marginal areas. The: ‘expansion zone should be utlized to 90% with afforestation and agro-forestry in the tand subject to land degradation. ‘Bukidnon, oe Misamis Occidental, | Misamis Oriental, Camiguin Davao, Davao del Sur Davao Oriental, South Cotabato, Lanao del Norte, North Cotabato, Sultan Kudarat, | Surigao del Norte The isting agricultural land covers a large part of the arable land, The expansion zone should be utlized 80% with afforestation and agro-forestry in the land subject to land degradation with ‘development priority in Mindanao Island, ‘Occidental Mindoro, or Oriental Mindoro, Western Samar, Zamboanga del Norte The existing agicutural land covers a large part of the arable land. The expansion zone should be utlized to 70% wity afforestation and agro-forestry in the land subject to land degradation. Palawan, 08 ‘Agusan dol Sur ‘The enisting agricultural land has not reached a total good arabie land. . The potential of development to the expansion zone is to be large. Surigao deal Sur SSC Zamboanga de! Sur ‘The existing agricutural land is stil much smaller than a total good arablo land. The potential of development to the rest of arable area and the expansion zone is to be large, 231~YV3A LAOUVL NIZSN GN] GNY HHOMAWVES 3SN GN] 2's auNDId WMGE omeUeL4 LoReAIesu05 fog pue weUdojonag do1D : eounoS t ‘ seo || puETIOM seoira |] sven L wommmssvomenes ALE aynouty ee uresn pi rnd S804 eunynouBy L ad Dome pomeeron | J | at ! ' sae dung ‘aly voqooreld 30 ~ S¥aIN - 19903 voresonwy IE] F exmynouSy (uomauress) =e. tla 4998710, eee, WOREAIaSUO | UORONOLY uOReWITeUeH ‘@UOZ UOLONPOd | wosuedg quewdojeneg : wee % : “] \ 1 1 Ree ele ee ieee ann \ 1 | aa 1 i oa T aeeooe gE a> owed Eh ewes || om pa as - 904 EN 7 ur ore eg reed Fr prise snp puey ROOM pur] jemynoubiy: puelsseio) (uot o00'9e1) “Pou 6: puET PION Py “ 1 ~232~‘TABLE 82-4 LAND USE PROJECTION — foasen eco) unera| sw, — aaa! anand 1 oo, aoreel vagal val ai a iat ae Sf “nt rr mo] owed se Sil tant tal ‘ni eee =233—