Professional Documents
Culture Documents
SPC Ak 62 012
SPC Ak 62 012
SPC-AK-62-012
Applicability BPXA
Date August 10, 2007
Specification for
API 608 Metal Ball Valves
(NPS 1/4 to NPS 20 up to Class 800)
SPC-AK-62-012
BPXA
SITE TECHNICAL PRACTICES
August 10, 2007 SPC-AK-62-012
Specification for API 608 Metal Ball Valves -NPS 1/4- to -NPS 20
Foreword
This is the first issue of Site Technical Practice (STP) BPXA SPC-AK-62-012. This Specification
(SPC) is based on parts of heritage documents from the merged BP companies as follows:
Amoco (ACES)
A PN-VA-GS-E Piping—Valves—General Service—Selection Specification.
A PN-VA-GS-G Piping—Valves—General Service—Selection Guide.
ARCO (APCES)
ES 203-98 Ball Valve Procurement Specification.
ES 206-98 Valve Procurement Specification.
BP (RPSE)
RP 62-1 Guide to Valve Selection.
Page 2 of 15
August 10, 2007 SPC-AK-62-012
Specification for API 608 Metal Ball Valves -NPS 1/4- to -NPS 20
Table of Contents
Page
Foreword............................................................................................................................................2
Introduction ........................................................................................................................................4
1. Scope........................................................................................................................................5
2. References ...............................................................................................................................5
2.1 Terms and Definitions....................................................................................................5
3. Pressure-temperature Ratings..................................................................................................6
3.2 Shell Rating ...................................................................................................................6
3.3 Seal ...............................................................................................................................6
4. Design.......................................................................................................................................6
4.2 BODY ............................................................................................................................7
4.2 VALVE PORT SIZES.....................................................................................................8
4.8 Ball-Stem Construction ..................................................................................................8
4.7 Balls...............................................................................................................................9
4.10 Valve Shell Joints and Bolting .....................................................................................11
4.12 Sealant Injection ..........................................................................................................11
4.13 Thermal Transients......................................................................................................11
4.14 Fire testing...................................................................................................................11
5. Materials .................................................................................................................................11
5.1 Shell.............................................................................................................................11
5.2 Trim .............................................................................................................................12
5.4 Bolting..........................................................................................................................12
5.5 Stem Seals, Body Seals, and Gaskets........................................................................12
5.6 Threaded Plugs ...........................................................................................................12
5.7 Low Temperature Service ...........................................................................................13
5.8 Gearbox Housing.........................................................................................................13
6. Inspection, Examination, Testing and Repair .........................................................................13
6.2 Pressure Tests ............................................................................................................13
6.5 Functional Testing .......................................................................................................14
6.6 Cavity Overpressure Relief Test..................................................................................14
6.6 Supplementary Examination........................................................................................14
6.7 Sealant Injection Test ..................................................................................................14
7. Marking ...................................................................................................................................15
8.5 Packaging....................................................................................................................15
Page 3 of 15
August 10, 2007 SPC-AK-62-012
Specification for API 608 Metal Ball Valves -NPS 1/4- to -NPS 20
Introduction
a. Guidance for ball valves is based on API 608 (ISO 17292), Metal Ball Valves for the
Petroleum, Petrochemical, and Allied Industries.
b. Guidance statements of this SPC are modifications to API 608.
c. Modifications to API 608 are identified as Add, Modify to read, or Delete.
d. Clause numbers in this SPC correspond to API 608.
e. Clauses of API 608 that are not revised remain applicable.
Page 4 of 15
August 10, 2007 SPC-AK-62-012
Specification for API 608 Metal Ball Valves -NPS 1/4- to -NPS 20
1. Scope
Add
The scope is also intended to cover special ball valve designs such as “Orbit” and “Konosphera”
type.
2. References
Add
Add
In the latter case, the seats of trunnion-mounted ball valves do not automatically
relieve body cavity overpressure.
Page 5 of 15
August 10, 2007 SPC-AK-62-012
Specification for API 608 Metal Ball Valves -NPS 1/4- to -NPS 20
3. Pressure-temperature Ratings
Add
Design pressure, design differential pressure, and maximum/minimum design temperatures shall
be as specified.
Class 800 valves shall be rated in accordance with the tables of API 602, unless otherwise
agreed upon.
Refer to SPC-AK-62-016, Section 11, Impact Test (Toughness) Requirements.
3.3 Seal
Add
Valves shall be soft-seated or metal-seated as specified. Unless otherwise agreed upon, valves
shall be fully rated in accordance with the rating tables of ASME B16.34 up to the maximum
service temperature that shall be clearly indicated on the valve nameplate.
4. Design
Add
Valves shall be bidirectional sealing.
Valves that may be used on liquid or condensing service shall be provided with a means of
relieving body cavity overpressure which may result from the heating of trapped liquids. Relief
may occur automatically through the valve seats or, if this is not possible, by means of an
external pressure relief valve. In the latter case, the relief valve shall be a proprietary type,
having an austenitic stainless-steel body (or if appropriate, a body of superior corrosion
resistance) and conforming to the applicable requirements of this SPC. Valves having an
external pressure relief valve shall be tagged and marked as required by 7.2.1. The relief valve
shall be isolated from the ball valve by a block valve arrangement (normally locked open),
complying with the applicable isolation philosophy to facilitate maintenance and inspection.
Connection shall be to the valve body at or above the pipe axis. For dry gas service, external
relief valves shall only be provided if specifically requested. Relief may not be achieved by
drilling a hole through the valve ball except that a hole permitting communication between the
ball bore and the body cavity in the open position is permitted unless otherwise advised.
If “double isolation valve” or “double piston seat” is specified in relation to a single ball valve,
the valve shall be provided with a double piston effect seat seal on one seat only (normally the
seat closest to the equipment to be isolated) unless otherwise specified. This makes the valve
directional, and the end of the valve incorporating the bidirectional seat seal shall be clearly,
permanently, and prominently marked on the outside surface, as required by API 6D.
Valves containing polymer or elastomer seals shall be of a fire-type tested design certified in
accordance with API 6FA or API 607. Other valves intended for hydrocarbon service shall
preferably have been tested but may be acceptable by inspection.
Lifting arrangements for valves greater than or equal to nominal diameter (DN) 250 (NPS 10)
shall be clearly identified in the bid.
Page 6 of 15
August 10, 2007 SPC-AK-62-012
Specification for API 608 Metal Ball Valves -NPS 1/4- to -NPS 20
4.2 BODY
4.2.1
Add
Appropriate allowances for corrosion, pipe loads, operating forces, etc. shall be made.
If the specified piping corrosion allowance for the connecting piping is more than 3 millimeters
(mm) (1/8 inch), the manufacturer shall advise the corrosion allowance available above the
minimum wall thickness requirements.
4.2.2
Add
Except for valves having stub pipes or pipe pups in accordance with 4.2.3, short pattern valves
shall only be provided if specifically requested.
Flanges shall be integral unless otherwise agreed.
Welding and heat treatment procedures shall be submitted for approval by the purchaser.
If sour service is specified, the welding procedure qualification test report shall meet the
additional requirements of NACE MR0175 or, if specified, NACE MR0103.
Refer to SPC-AK-62-016 clause 12, Welding.
4.2.5
Add
Refer to SPC-AK-62-016, clause 9, Weld-end Valves.
4.2.6
Add
Refer to SPC-AK-62-016, clause 9, Weld-end Valves.
4.2.9
Add
Penetrations of the valve pressure retaining boundary shall be avoided unless specified.
Connections provided to facilitate pressure testing or venting, etc. shall be identified in the bid.
If required, body penetrations shall be flanged, butt weld, socket weld, or threaded as specified.
The location and method of connection shall comply with ASME B16.34 except that socket
depth shall comply with ASME B16.11.
Nipples shall be at least one schedule heavier than specified for pipe and shall be attached to the
valve by socket welding or butt welding at a body boss.
Nipples shall be of a material equal to the valve body and shall be welded to the valve before
the valve is heat-treated or tested.
Connections shall be permanently blanked except if piped up or if access may be required while
the valve is pressurized, in which case they shall be provided with a fully rated block and bleed
arrangement unless otherwise specified.
Integral block and bleed valve manifolds shall comply with SPC-AK-62-021 and shall have a
blanked outlet.
Page 7 of 15
August 10, 2007 SPC-AK-62-012
Specification for API 608 Metal Ball Valves -NPS 1/4- to -NPS 20
The applicable isolation philosophy should be considered when specifying block and
bleed requirements.
For valve sizes greater than or equal to DN 250 (NPS 10), auxiliary body connections shall
comprise raised face (RF) or ring-type joint (RTJ) flanges. The flange shall have a pressure
rating at least equal to that of the valve and shall be integral with, or welded to, the valve body.
Threaded connections required for factory acceptance testing and not needed thereafter shall be
fitted with a plug. A permanent epoxy sealant shall be used, unless the operating temperature
exceeds 250˚F, in which case the plug shall be seal-welded in position in accordance with an
approved welding procedure.
The size of the seal weld shall be 1/3 x nominal size of the plug and not less than 3 mm
(1/8 inch) but in no case need exceed 13 mm (1/2 inch). Exposed threads shall be covered or
ground off.
Socket-welded connections shall not be used on seawater, produced water, methanol, and steam
service.
Threaded connections shall not be used on toxic service, flammable liquids above their
flashpoint, hydrocarbon gas, hydrogen, seawater, produced water, methanol, boiler feedwater,
or steam service except by agreement with the purchaser.
The service fluid(s) will be specified.
If threaded connections are unavoidable or agreed upon, the use of sealing tape on threads is
prohibited. Anaerobic sealing compound may be used. If crevice corrosion is a possibility, an
O-ring seal shall be provided at the bottom of the plug in an area that is free of threads.
Taper threads shall be in accordance with ASME B1.20.1; parallel threads shall be in
accordance with ISO 228-1.
Add
Valves shall be full bore or reduced bore as specified. Double reduced bore valves shall not be
used.
The reference Standard includes an option for “double reduced -bore port valves,”
which is two sizes smaller than full port and should be avoided due to their greatly
increased flow resistance.
Add
Floating ball (seat-supported) designs are acceptable up to and including the sizes shown below.
Larger sizes shall be trunnion-mounted design.
Class rating – 150 Full Bore: DN 200 (NPS 8).
Class rating – 150 Reduced Bore: DN 250 (NPS 10).
Class rating – 300 Full Bore: DN 150 (NPS 6).
Class rating – 300 Reduced Bore: DN 300 (NPS 8).
Class rating – 600: DN 50 (NPS 2).
4.8.3
Add
The following additional requirements apply to actuated valves.
Page 8 of 15
August 10, 2007 SPC-AK-62-012
Specification for API 608 Metal Ball Valves -NPS 1/4- to -NPS 20
a. Valve shafts/drive trains shall be designed such that, at an applied torque equal to 1.5 times
the break-out torque at rated differential pressure, the following stress limits are not
exceeded.
1. Bending and tensile stress less than or equal to 0.67Sy.
2. Bearing stress less than or equal to Sy (or less than or equal to 1.5Sy if the load is not
applied across full face).
3. Average primary shear stress less than or equal to 0.4Sy.
4. Maximum shear stress (at outside diameter [O.D.]): less than or equal to 0.53Sy.
5. In the case of emergency shutdown and automatic blow-down valves, the safety
factor shall be increased from 1.5 to 2.
b. The drive train from the actuator to the valve seats shall be capable of withstanding the
maximum output torque/force of the actuator without sustaining permanent deformation.
For electric motor actuators, this means at the torque switch setting if the torque switch is
operative throughout the stroke.
Add
4.8.4 Insulated valves shall be provided with extended stems or extended bonnets. Extended bonnets
shall be of the same material as the valve body.
4.8.5
a. If stem seals comprise polymer or elastomer materials, surface finish shall be 0.40 µm
(16 µin) or better.
b. The stem surface area in contact with graphite packing shall have a surface finish, Ra of
0.40 to 0.80 µm (16 to 32 µin).
4.7 Balls
Modify to read
The ball shall have a cylindrical bore and shall be of a solid, one-piece or two-piece
construction. The use of two-piece balls shall be supported by acceptable application
experience.
Valves with hollow ball construction are not permitted.
4.5 Operation
Add
c. Valves shall be operated by handwheel; lever; or pneumatic, hydraulic, or electric motor
power actuators as indicated.
d. Valve actuators shall meet the requirements specified.
4.5.1
Add
The valve handle shall be heat-resistant and capable of withstanding direct exposure to fire
without becoming inoperable.
Page 9 of 15
August 10, 2007 SPC-AK-62-012
Specification for API 608 Metal Ball Valves -NPS 1/4- to -NPS 20
4.5.2
Add
e. If a gearbox is necessary, this shall be clearly stated in the bid along with the number of
handwheel turns required for a full stroke of the valve.
f. Valves having sizes equal to or greater than those specified in Table 1 shall be provided
with gearboxes unless otherwise agreed. In the case of reduced bore ball valves, the
nominal sizes may be increased by 50 mm (2 inches).
Class
Valve Type 150 300 600 900 1500 2500
Ball 200 (8) 200 (8) 150 (6) 150 (6) 150 (6) 50 (2)
Plug 150 (6) 150 (6) 150 (6) 100 (4) 100 (4) 50 (2)
Butterfly 200 (8) 200 (8) - - - -
g. Gear operators shall be fully enclosed in a weatherproof housing, and shall have “lifetime”
lubrication.
Fasteners shall be corrosion-resistant to the service environment, and gaskets shall be resistant
to hydrocarbons (cardboard is not acceptable).
Operators shall be provided with highly visible ball position indicators so designed that
incorrect installation of the indicator is not possible.
Operators and stem extension assemblies shall be provided with a means of preventing pressure
build-up in the mechanism resulting from stem or bonnet seal leakage.
4.5.3
Add
The lever length shall not exceed twice the face-to-face dimensions of the valve. Maximum
handwheel diameter shall be 1,000 millimeters (mm) (40 inches). Levers shall be parallel to the
pipe axis with the valve in the open position and incorrect orientation relative to the position of
the ball, plug, or disk, etc. shall be impossible.
.
4.5.11
Power actuators shall comply with the following:
1. Actuators shall be capable of applying a torque/force of at least 1.5 times the
maximum requirement advised by the manufacturer (and recorded during factory
acceptance tests) at all points of the open/close cycle. In the case of emergency
shutdown (ESD) and automatic blowdown ball and plug valves, the minimum safety
factor shall be increased to 2.0.
2. The drivetrain from the actuator to the valve seats shall be capable of withstanding
the maximum output torque/force of the actuator without sustaining permanent
deformation. For electric motor actuators this means at the torque switch setting if the
torque switch is operative throughout the stroke.
3. Valve operators/actuators shall be mounted on the valves by the valve manufacturer
at the factory unless otherwise advised.
4. Valve operating times shall be provided.
Page 10 of 15
August 10, 2007 SPC-AK-62-012
Specification for API 608 Metal Ball Valves -NPS 1/4- to -NPS 20
4.6 Glands
Add
4.6.3 The means of handwheel/operating-lever retention shall be separate from the means of gland
adjustment.
4.6.4 Adjustable glands shall be capable of being tightened while the valve is under pressure.
Add
4.10.3 Body joint bolting shall be tightened so as to generate a preload stress of at least 50% of the
minimum specified yield stress in the bolts.
Add
Add
5. Materials
5.1 Shell
Add
Refer to SPC-AK-62-016, clause 10.1, Materials – General (all clauses).
Refer to SPC-AK-62-016, clause 12, Welding (all clauses).
Refer to SPC-AK-62-016, clause 13, Repairs (all clauses).
Page 11 of 15
August 10, 2007 SPC-AK-62-012
Specification for API 608 Metal Ball Valves -NPS 1/4- to -NPS 20
5.2 Trim
Add
Refer to SPC-AK-62-016, clause 10.2, Materials – Trim (all clauses).
Metal-seated valves shall incorporate a tungsten carbide-coated ball and seat unless otherwise
agreed.
If carbide coating is used, base materials usually need to be of high strength.
5.4 Bolting
Modify to read
Refer to SPC-AK-62-016, clause 10.3, Materials – Bolting for body bonnet/shell (all clauses).
Modify to read
Refer to SPC-AK-62-016, clause 10.4, Materials – Gland Packing/Seals (all clauses).
Add
Self-energizing stem seals are preferred.
If packed glands are provided, gland packings shall take into account the requirement for low-
emission and low-maintenance service and shall be capable of replacement with the valve
depressurized and in situ. Graphite packing shall consist of die formed exfoliated graphite rings
with braided-end rings.
If specified, a stem sealant injection point shall be provided. The arrangement shall contain, as a
minimum, a double ball check valve and injection fitting protected by a cap.
Asbestos gaskets shall not be used.
The body and body/bonnet flange gaskets shall be suitable for the pressure and temperature
design conditions of the valve as specified and be consistent with the piping line class.
Gaskets shall be O-rings, spring energized polymeric seals, metal ring joint or spiral wound
metal gaskets with filler, and either a centering/compression ring or a joint design that provides
gasket compression control.
The filler of spiral wound gaskets shall be pure graphite containing no resin or inorganic fillers
except if this is incompatible with the process fluid or specified otherwise.
Ring joint gaskets shall have a hardness no greater than that specified in ASME B16.20.
Austenitic stainless steel and Monel gaskets shall have a hardness no greater than 130 HB and
125 HB respectively.
Metal gaskets (including spiral wound) shall be made of a material having a corrosion resistance
at least equal to the material of the mating surface.
Add
If offshore service is specified, threaded body plugs for carbon steel valves shall be 316
stainless steel.
Page 12 of 15
August 10, 2007 SPC-AK-62-012
Specification for API 608 Metal Ball Valves -NPS 1/4- to -NPS 20
Add
Add
Add
Refer to SPC-AK-62-016, clause 16, Pressure Testing, paragraphs a through d.
In the case of split body ball valves, at least one valve of each unique size/rating/material
selected at random from the order shall be fitted with blank flanges or weld-end caps (as
appropriate) during the test so that the body joints are fully loaded. Other comparable valves
that are not tested in this way shall be confirmed to be assembled with the same bolt
load/torque.
Add
Page 13 of 15
August 10, 2007 SPC-AK-62-012
Specification for API 608 Metal Ball Valves -NPS 1/4- to -NPS 20
API 598 Maximum Allowable Leakage Rates for gas closure tests on metal-seated
valves are broadly comparable with ISO 5208 Rate B. When testing with gas,
ISO 5208 Rate C is 10 times Rate B; Rate D is 100 times Rate B. API 598 makes no
provision for high-pressure gas testing where seat leak rates are normally
increased.
6.2.3 Valves intended for double-block isolation duty (double isolation valves) shall be tested across
each seat independently and in both directions with the body cavity pressurized during the test
on the downstream seat.
Add
Add
Add
8.4.3
Add
Page 14 of 15
August 10, 2007 SPC-AK-62-012
Specification for API 608 Metal Ball Valves -NPS 1/4- to -NPS 20
7. Marking
Add
7.4 The maximum and minimum service temperature shall be clearly indicated on the valve
nameplate.
The set pressure of any external body cavity pressure relief valve shall be clearly marked on the
valve nameplate, and the valve to which it is fitted shall be provided with a stainless-steel tag
marked “FITTED WITH EXTERNAL PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE.”
The identification plate shall be attached to the valve after coating is complete. See 5.4 for
material requirements.
The manufacturer’s identification number shall be taken to mean the Serial Number.
Add
7.5 Valves with a preferred direction of flow shall have the flow direction permanently cast,
engraved, or stamped on the valve body.
Valves having one unidirectional seat and one bidirectional seat shall be marked as required by
API 6D, clause 11.
8.5 Packaging
Add
8.5.3 Before shipment, a compatible grease shall be injected into sealant injection points to remove
test water from the fittings and cavities. Injection shall continue until grease becomes visible at
the seat.
8.5.4 Refer to SPC-AK-62-016, clause 17, Storage and Shipping.
Page 15 of 15