1.

Notes on each of the mentioned possible illnesses, along with their causes and first
aid remedies:

a) Electric Shock
Cause: Electric shock occurs when a person is exposed to an electrical current. This can
happen due to faulty wiring, damaged electrical appliances, or accidents involving
electrical equipment.
First Aid Remedies
1. Ensure safety by turning off the power source or unplugging the appliance if safe to do so.
2. Do not touch the person directly while they are still in contact with the electrical source.
Use a non-conductive object like a wooden stick to separate them from the source.
3. Check for breathing and a pulse. If the person is not breathing or has no pulse, perform
CPR.
4. Seek immediate medical attention.
b) Shock
Cause: Shock can be caused by various factors, including severe injuries, allergic reactions,
blood loss, or severe infections.
First Aid Remedies
1. Lay the person down with their feet elevated slightly.
2. Keep them warm and comfortable.
3. Monitor their vital signs, such as breathing and pulse.
4. If the person becomes unconscious and not breathing, perform CPR.
5. Seek medical help promptly.
c) Nose Bleeding
Cause: Nosebleeds can result from dry air, nose picking, allergies, or injury to the nose.
First Aid Remedies
1. Have the person sit up and lean forward slightly.
2. Pinch the nostrils together and apply pressure for about 10 minutes.
3. Avoid tilting the head backward.
4. Apply a cold compress to the nose.
5. If bleeding persists, seek medical assistance.
d) Fainting
Cause: Fainting can occur due to sudden drops in blood pressure, dehydration, low blood
sugar, or emotional distress.
First Aid Remedies
 1. Lay the person flat on their back.
2. Elevate their legs slightly.
3. Loosen any tight clothing around the neck.
4. Ensure a well-ventilated area.
5. Monitor their breathing and pulse.
6. If the person does not regain consciousness within a minute or has difficulty breathing,
seek medical help.
e) Heart Attack
Cause: A heart attack occurs when the blood flow to the heart muscle is blocked, usually due
to a blood clot. This can result from coronary artery disease or atherosclerosis.
First Aid Remedies
1. Call emergency services (911) immediately.
2. Have the person sit or lie down comfortably.
3. If they are unconscious and not breathing, begin CPR.
4. If the person has prescribed nitroglycerin, help them take it.
5. Keep the person calm and reassured until medical help arrives.
f) Epileptic Fit
Cause: Epileptic fits, or seizures, are caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain. They
can occur due to epilepsy or other neurological conditions.
First Aid Remedies
1. Protect the person from injury by removing nearby objects.
2. Gently guide them to the ground if standing.
3. Place them on their side to keep the airway clear.
4. Do not put anything in their mouth.
5. Time the duration of the seizure.
6. Once the seizure ends, provide reassurance and keep the person comfortable.
g) Poisoning
Cause: Poisoning can result from ingesting, inhaling, or encountering toxic substances,
including chemicals, drugs, or certain foods.
First Aid Remedies
1. Call emergency services immediately.
2. If the person has been exposed to a toxic substance, provide information about the
substance.
3. If safe, remove the person from the source of poisoning.
4. If they ingested poison, do not induce vomiting unless instructed by medical
professionals.
 5. Follow any specific first aid instructions provided by poison control or emergency
responders.
h) Diabetes
Cause: Diabetes is a chronic condition where the body cannot regulate blood sugar levels. It
can result from genetic factors, lifestyle, or other medical conditions.
First Aid Remedies
1. For low blood sugar (hypoglycemia): Give the person sugar-containing foods or drinks
like juice, candy, or glucose gel.
2. For high blood sugar (hyperglycemia): Help the person take their prescribed diabetes
medication.
3. If the person loses consciousness or is in severe distress, call emergency services.
i) Burns
Cause: Burns can be caused by exposure to heat, chemicals, electricity, or radiation.
First Aid Remedies
1. For minor burns, cool the affected area with cold running water for at least 10 minutes.
2. Cover the burn with a sterile, non-stick bandage.
3. Do not use ice or adhesive bandages on burns.
4. For severe burns or burns to the face, hands, or genitalia, seek immediate medical help.
j) Foreign Body in the Eye
Cause: Foreign bodies in the eye can result from dust, debris, or small particles entering the
eye accidentally.
First Aid Remedies
1. Do not rub the eye, as it may worsen the injury.
2. Encourage the person to blink several times to try and remove the foreign body naturally.
3. If the object remains, use clean water to flush the eye gently or use an eyecup if available.
4. If the foreign body is embedded or cannot be removed, seek medical attention.