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fee teeteseeeeeeesseeesereeeneesieeee+s UOROApONUTIn 1988, a group of researchers, including Stanford psychology professor Carol Dweck, studied students’
responses to failure.
Some students rebounded well, while others were derailed by simple setbacks.
After extensive research with thousands of students, Dr. Dweck came up with the terms fixed mindset
and growth mindset to encapsulate the differences between how all of us think about learning.
Simply put, having a growth mindset means you believe that you can and will improve with effort.
A fixed mindset, by comparison, means that you believe you have a fixed amount of intelligence or
talent that will never change.
We all have these two mindsets, but what Dr. Dweck has shown is that students are more likely to
succeed once they take on a growth mindset and understand that they can get better at anything
with time and effort.
Ina fixed mindset, challenges are avoided, criticism is ignored, and students feel threatened by the
success of others and are quick to give up when things get hard.
Ina growth mindset, mistakes are seen as learning opportunities, challenges are welcomed, and students
persevere with effort, leading to a desire to learn even more.
Teaching students about a growth mindset and the science behind it, including brain plasticity, has helped
countless students to grasp the idea that they can achieve their dreams, no matter their starting points.
The activities in this book support the growth-mindset philosophy. With practice and positive
reinforcement, students will be able to adopt this flexible, supportive, and uplifting perspective.
knowledge is unchanging knowledge can grow
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seseeees++ WOO SIHLISNOL MOH ----------TEACHER SELF-ASSESSMENT --------
Before you dive into teaching growth mindset, it's a good idea to know where you stand.
Read each statement and note whether this is something you always, sometimes, or never do or say.
On a separate piece of paper, take notes that might be helpful for your own self-reflection.
Always Sometimes Never
1. Lam inspired when others around me succeed. Feel
2. I believe that intelligence can improve.
3. | learn from my mistakes,
When things get challenging, | am likely to give up.
5. Ifsomething doesn't work, | try a different strategy.
6. I receive feedback and criticism well.
7. There are some things | am just not good at. [
8. I set goals and monitor my progress. ]
9. [havea set way of doing things that works for me.
10. Some students just aren't good at certain things. J
11. Love to learn new things.
12. Inotice when lam thinking negative thoughts, and | am
able to change those thoughts to more encouraging ones.
We all fluctuate between both fixed and growth mindsets, but it’s important to know for yourself which
side you favor.
In this assessment, items 4, 7, 9, and 10 are fixed-mindset statements. The rest are growth-mindset
statements.
Each mantra featured in this book is a growth-mindset statement that you can reinforce in your classroom.
The more you use and model these mantras for your students, the greater their understanding of the
growth mindset will be.
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Twill “DG: MY BEST.
“If you want to change attitudes, start with a change in behavior.”
Katharine Hepburn
Teaching students what it means and how it feels to give their best effort can change their approach
to challenges and obstacles.
o® Reading Passage: Katharine Hepburn
The most decorated actress of our time, Katharine Hepburn was once called “box office poison," but
she defied critics and made film history through her hard work.
* Short-Answer Activity: Best of the Best
Students will reflect on the story of Katharine Hepburn and how she demanded the best from herself
and from others.
Small-Group Activity: Common Ground
In small groups, students will discuss what it means and how it feels to do your best, then individually
complete a graphic organizer to record similarities.
© Whole-Class Activity: Best of Friends
In pairs, students will interview each other about their “best” qualities and skills, then introduce their
partners to the class.
%& Journal Prompt: Be Your Best
With these journal prompts, students will have the opportunity to reflect on a proud moment and the
motivation they need to push through challenges.
%* Growing Beyond
Asa class, discuss the idea of winning an award for achievement, like the Academy Awards. Talk about
the idea that sometimes, even when we give our best efforts, we don't take home an award. Discuss
what it means to give your very best, no matter who is watching or if there is recognition at the end.
Remind students that when they do their best, they can always be proud of what they achieve, whether
or not there is an award to be won,
Ask students to write and sign an effort promise that can be posted in the classroom as a reminder:
| promise to give my best effort and not quit until 'm proud.
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reg rowenDirections: Answer these questions on your own, writing your answers below. Then pair up with
‘nother student and discuss your answers.
1. How do you think Katharine Hepburn felt when critics were calling her "box office poison"?
Do you think it discouraged or encouraged her to work harder? Why do you think so?
. What does it mean to give your best? What are some characteristics of a person who gives their best?
._ In the reading passage, we learn that Katharine bought the rights to The Philadelphia Story so that
she could make it into a movie, Why do you think she did that? Do you think it was a good idea?
Why or why not?
Katharine was dedicated to giving her best in every performance, and she wanted everyone
around her to give their best, too. Do you think other people notice when you are not giving
your best? Why or why not?
. Complete this sentence and then explain your answer: I'm at my best when |...
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teseeeeseesss QNMOUS NOWWOD-----------Just like Katharine Hepburn, we all have skills that we like to do and are good at. In this activity, you will
pair up with another student and discover what they are best at.
Directions: Interview your partner and record their answers below. When it is your turn, introduce your
partner to the class by sharing these answers.
> My partner’s name:
> Words others use to describe ve What my partner loves to do:
my partner:
o& If my partner had a superpower,
it would be...
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reg rowen“| can't’ are two words that have never been inmy vocabulary.
{believe in me more than anything in this world.”
Wilma Rudolph
Achieving goals takes time, effort, perseverance, and dedication. In this unit, students will discover that
ard work pays off.
© Reading Passage: Wilma Rudolph
‘Once a sickly child, Wilma Rudolph put in the time and effort to overcome her injuries and become the
fastest woman in the world.
© Short-Answer Activity: Determined to Succeed
Students will answer questions about Wilma Rudolph’s story, reflecting on how her determination
resulted in incredible success.
& Small-Group Activity: Toss Up
Gather a bunch of small objects, such as mini marshmallows and erasers. Pair up students and give
each student a cup. Ask them to stand three to four feet apart, increasing the distance as the game
goes on. Students will need to work together and, with time and effort, achieve their collective goal.
« Whole-Class Activity: Best Effort
In this timed writing exercise, students will choose one of four quotes about effort and write about
how it aligns with their own beliefs. Tell students when to start and stop writing (suggested timing:
seven to eight minutes of writing without stopping). When done, break up the class into groups by
quote and ask them to discuss their answers.
Journal Prompt: Master Plan
It's been said that it takes 10,000 hours to become an expert at anything. In this journaling exercise,
students will reflect on a skill they would like to master and think about a practical plan for achieving
mastery.
*« Growing Beyond
‘Asa class, watch the 1977 film Wilma about Wilma Rudolph’ life. Discuss as a class the obstacles that
Wilma had to overcome and the qualities of determination and confidence that helped lead her to success.
Ask the class to reflect on what characteristics they might have in common with Wilma Rudolph.
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req rueN-» DETERMINED TO SUCCEED ---------
Directions: Answer these questions on your own, writing your answers below.
4. Wilma Rudolph had the help of her family as she worked hard to get better. How do you think
her life might have turned out if she didn’t have anyone to help her? How important is it to
have support?
. How do you think Wilma felt when doctors told her she would never walk again? How do you
think she felt when her mother insisted she would walk again?
. Do you think it was challenging for Wilma to become an athlete after being so sick as a child?
What is one thing you think helped her to keep training?
You could say that Wilma was determined to follow her dreams. What are some other adjectives
you would use to describe Wilma?
How do you think Wilma felt when she won three gold medals—more than any other American
woman ever had? Explain why you think she felt that way.
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tions: Read these quotes about effort and highlight the one you like best. Once your teacher tells
to start, write about how the quote you chose is similar to your own beliefs about effort: When your
‘ache tells you to stop writing, discuss your answers with a small group.
“Continuous effort—not strength or inteligence—
is the key to unlocking our potential.”
—Winston Churchill
“Just try to be the best you can be; never cease
trying to be the best you can be. That's in
your power.”
—John Wooden
“All things are difficult before they are easy”
—Thomas Fuller
“We all have dreams. But in order to make
dreams come into reality, it takes an awful lot
of determination, dedication, seff-discipline,
and effort”
—Jesse Owens
OTeacher Created Resources
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“Expect me to give my all, That's what Ido every time | have a show. Give my all.”
Bruno Mars
Everyone makes mistakes, but sometimes students get so focused on the error that they miss the
valuable lesson that comes with it. In this unit, students will experiment with making mistakes and
learn how to deal with them when they happen.
© Reading Passage: Bruno Mars
The hitmaker's first record deal fell apart just months after he signed it, but Bruno Mars didn’t let that
mistake stop him from becoming an international superstar,
& Short-Answer Activity: Making Mistakes
Reflecting on the story of Bruno Mars, students will write about what can be learned from making
mistakes and then share their answers in small groups.
o& Small-Group Activity: Art in the Dark
Sometimes, students are afraid to make mistakes. So, to practice not being in control of everything,
students will make something beautiful out of a mistake. Turn out the lights for the first two to three
minutes of this activity and ask students to start creating their art. When you turn the lights back on,
ask them to notice what they created and how it might be different from what they were envisioning,
Can they find the beauty in it? Then have them finish their art with the lights on.
Whole-Class Activity: The Book of Mistakes
Asa lass, read The Book of Mistakes by Corinna Luyken. Afterward, some short-answer questions and a
class discussion will help crystallize the lessons learned.
%* Journal Prompt: Mistakes or Lessons?
What can you leam from your mistakes? Students will reflect on what they have learned about the
beautiful lessons that can be gained from making mistakes
® Growing Beyond
Challenge your students to create more art from “mistakes.” Prepare some blank pieces of paper ahead
‘of time, with interesting rips or folds, blots of ink or paint, or other alterations that may look like mistakes.
Break the class up into small groups and distribute the “mistakes,” asking them to turn them into their
‘own pieces of art. Ask them to encourage one another as they create. Display their finished art in the
classroom as a reminder that mistakes can tum into something beautiful
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