EXPONENTS

Answer the following with necessary steps :

1. The exponential form of 81 is
(a) 𝟑𝟒 (b) 𝟑𝟑 (c) 𝟑𝟐 (d) none of these
2. The value of (−𝟐𝟑 ) is
(a) 8 (b) -8 (c) 16 (d) -16
3. If (−𝟑𝟒 ) × (−𝟑𝟔 )= (-3)?, then
(a) 4 (b) −𝟑𝟏𝟎 (c) −𝟑𝟔 (d) −𝟑𝟏𝟐
4. The value of (𝟐𝟐 )𝟑 is
(a) 𝟐𝟐 (b) 𝟐𝟑 (c) 𝟐𝟏 (d) 𝟐𝟔
5. Which of the following is true?
(a) 𝟐𝟎 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎 (b) 𝟏𝟎𝟐 × 𝟏𝟎𝟖 = 𝟏𝟎𝟏𝟔 (c) 𝟐𝟐 × 𝟑𝟑 = 65 (d) 𝟐𝟑 > 𝟑𝟐

6. Express each of the following as a product of powers of their prime factors:

(i) 648
(ii) 405
(iii) 540
(iv) 3,600
7. Simplify:
(i) 2 × 𝟏𝟎𝟑
(ii) 𝟕𝟐 × 𝟐𝟐
(iii) 𝟐𝟑 × 5
(iv) 3 × 𝟒𝟒
(v) 0 × 𝟏𝟎𝟐
8. Using laws of exponents, simplify and write the answer in exponential form:
(i) 𝟑𝟐 × 𝟑𝟒 × 𝟑𝟖
(ii) 𝟔𝟏𝟓 ÷ 𝟔𝟏𝟎
(iii) 𝒂𝟑 × 𝒂𝟐
9. Express the number appearing in the following statements in standard form.
(a) The distance between Earth and Moon is 384,000,000 m.
(b) Speed of light in a vacuum is 300,000,000 m/s.
(c) Diameter of the Earth is 1,27,56,000 m.
(d) Diameter of the Sun is 1,400,000,000 m.
10. Assertion: If the exponent of a base number is one, then the value of the base
remains unchanged.

Reason: 𝟗𝟏 = 9
a) both assertion and reason are correct and reason is correct explanation for
assertion
 b) both assertion and reason are correct but reason is correct explanation for
assertion
c) assertion is correct but reason is false
d) both assertion and reason are false
11.

Assertion: 𝟒𝟔 X 𝟓𝟔 = (𝟒 𝑿 𝟓 )𝟔= 𝟐𝟎𝟔

Reason: 𝒂𝒎 X 𝒃𝒎 = (𝒂𝒃)𝒎
a) both assertion and reason are correct and reason is correct explanation for assertion
b) both assertion and reason are correct but reason is correct explanation for assertion
c) assertion is correct but reason is false
d) both assertion and reason are false

SOLUTIONS:
1. A)
2. B)
3. B)
4. D)
5. A)
6. i) 648 Factors of 648 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 𝟐𝟑 × 𝟑𝟒
(ii) 405 Factors of 405 = 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 5 = 𝟑𝟒 × 5
(iii) 540 Factors of 540 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 5 = 𝟐𝟐 × 𝟑𝟑 × 5
(iv) 3,600 Factors of 3600 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 5 × 5 = 𝟐𝟒 × 𝟑𝟐 × 𝟓𝟐
7. i) 2 × 10 × 10 × 10 = 2 × 1000 = 2000
(ii) 7 × 7 × 2 × 2 = 49 × 4 = 196
(iii) 2 × 2 × 2 × 5 = 8 × 5 = 40
(iv) 3 × 4 × 4 × 4 × 4 = 3 × 256 = 768
(v) 0 × 10 × 10 = 0 × 100 = 0
8. i) By the rule of multiplying the powers with the same base = 𝒂𝒎 × 𝒂𝒏 =𝒂𝒎+𝒏
Then, = × 𝟑𝟐+𝟒+𝟖 = × 𝟑𝟏𝟒
(ii) By the rule of dividing the powers with the same base = 𝒂𝒎 ÷ 𝒂𝒏 = 𝒂𝒎−𝒏
Then, = 𝟔𝟏𝟓−𝟏𝟎 = 𝟔𝟓
(iii) By the rule of multiplying the powers with the same base = am × an = am + n
Then, = 𝒂𝟑+𝟐 = 𝒂𝟓
9. (a) The standard form of the number appearing in the given statement is 3.84 ×
𝟏𝟎𝟖 m.
 (b) The standard form of the number appearing in the given statement is 3 ×
𝟏𝟎𝟖 m/s. (c) The standard form of the number appearing in the given statement is
1.2756 × 𝟏𝟎𝟕 m.
(d) The standard form of the number appearing in the given statement is 1.4 ×
𝟏𝟎𝟗 m.
10. a) both assertion and reason are correct and reason is
correct explanation for assertion.
11. a) both
assertion and reason are correct and reason is correct explanation for asserti
on