TITULACION DE UN ACIDO DEBIL CON UNA BASE FUERTE

Cuando un ácido débil se titula con una base fuerte, la curva es muy distinta en dos formas
importantes.

1. La solución se encuentra amortiguada antes del punto de equivalencia.

2. Es básica en el punto de equivalencia debido a que las sales de ácidos débiles y bases
fuertes se hidrolizan dando soluciones básicas.
3. Antes de agregar la base, el pH sólo depende del ácido débil.
4. Después de añadir algo de base, pero antes del punto de equivalencia, una serie de
soluciones amortiguadoras ácido débil/sal determina el pH.
5. En el punto de equivalencia, la hidrólisis del anión del ácido débil determina el pH.
6. Luego del punto de equivalencia, el exceso de base fuerte determina el pH

(Acido fórmico) HCOOH – Acido débil 0,0800 M

(Hidróxido de potasio) KOH – Base fuerte

HCOOH + KOH = HCOOK + H2O

Sal de acido débil y base

fuerte

FASE INICIAL

Al adicionar 0 ml de KOH

𝑯𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑯 + 𝑯𝟐𝟎 = 𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑯 + 𝑯𝟑 𝑶

0, 0800 M -x x x

𝑥2
𝐾𝑎 𝐻𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻 = 1,8 × 10−4 = 0,0800 𝑀−𝑥

1,8 × 10−4 (0,0800𝑀 − 𝑥) = 𝑥 2

1,44 × 10−5 − 1,8 × 10−4 𝑥 = 𝑥 2

𝑥 2 + 1,8 × 10−4 𝑥 − 1,44 × 10−5 = 0

𝑥 = 3,7058 × 10−3 = [𝑯𝟑 𝑶]

𝑝𝐻 = −𝑙𝑜𝑔[𝑯𝟑 𝑶] = −𝑙𝑜𝑔[3,7058 × 10−3 ]

𝒑𝑯 = 𝟐, 𝟒𝟑𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟕𝟗𝟖𝟕 ≈ 𝟐, 𝟒𝟑 → 𝒑𝑯 𝒊𝒏𝒊𝒄𝒊𝒂𝒍
Al adicionar 10,00 ml de KO

𝑯𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑯 + 𝑲𝑶𝑯 = 𝑯𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑲 + 𝑯𝟐𝑶

0, 0800 M 0,2000 M
50,00 ml 10,00 ml

4 mmol 2 mmol

-2 mmol -2 mmol

2 mmol 0 2 mmol

2 𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑙 2 𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑙
[𝐻𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻] = = = 0,03333 𝑀
50 𝑚𝑙 𝑚𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑎 + 10 𝑚𝑙 𝐾𝑂𝐻 60 𝑚𝐿
2 𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑙 2 𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑙
[𝐻𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐾] = = = 0,03333 𝑀
50 𝑚𝑙 𝑚𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑎 + 10 𝑚𝑙 𝐾𝑂𝐻 60 𝑚𝐿

𝐻𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻 + 𝐻2𝑂 = 𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻 + 𝐻3𝑂

0,03333 − 𝑥 x x

𝐻𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐾 = 𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻 + 𝐾
0,03333 0,03333

[𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻][𝐻3𝑂] (0,03333 + 𝑥)𝑥

𝐾𝑎 = =
[𝐻𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻] 0,03333 − 𝑥
(0,03333 + 𝑥)𝑥
1,8 × 10−4 =
0,03333 − 𝑥
1,8 × 10−4 (0,03333 − 𝑥) = (0,03333 + 𝑥)𝑥

5,9994 × 10−6 − 1,8 × 10−4 𝑥 = 0,03333𝑥 + 𝑥 2

𝑥 2 + 1,8 × 10−4 𝑥 + 0,03333𝑥 − 5,9994 × 10−6 = 0

𝑥 2 + 0,03351 − 5,9994 × 10−6 = 0

𝑥 = 1,7809 × 10−4 = [𝐻3𝑂]

𝑝𝐻 = − log[𝐻3𝑂] = −𝑙𝑜𝑔[1,7809 × 10−4 ] = 3,74936

𝒑𝑯 = 𝟑, 𝟕𝟓
Al adicionar 20 ml KOH EN ELPUNTO DE EQUILIBRIO

𝑯𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑯 + 𝑲𝑶𝑯 = 𝑯𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑲 + 𝑯𝟐𝑶

0, 0800 M 0,2000 M
50,00 ml 20,00 ml

4 mmol 4 mmol

-4 mmol -4mmol 4mmol

0 0 4mmol
4 𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐾
𝑀𝐻𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐾 = = 0,05714 𝑀 𝐻𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐾
70,00 𝑚𝑙
𝑯𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑲 = 𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑯 + 𝑲

0,05714 𝑀 0,05714 𝑀
𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑯 + 𝑯𝟐𝑶 = 𝑯𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑯 + 𝑶𝑯
0,05714 𝑀 − 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥

𝐾𝑤 1 × 10−14
𝐾ℎ = = = 5,5556 × 10−11
𝐾𝑎 1,8 × 10−4
[𝐻𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻][𝑂𝐻] 𝑥2
5,5556 × 10−11 = =
[𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻] 0,05714 − 𝑥

𝑥 = √5,5556 × 10−11 (0,05714)

𝑥 = √5,5556 × 10−11 (0,05714)

𝑥 = √3,174 × 10−12

𝑥 = 1,7817 × 10−6 = [𝑂𝐻]

𝑝𝑂𝐻 = − log[𝑂𝐻] = −𝑙𝑜𝑔[1,7817 × 10−6 ] = 5,749

𝑝𝐻 = 14 − [𝑂𝐻] = 14 − 5,74
𝒑𝑯 = 𝟖, 𝟐𝟓
 Al adicionar 24 ml KOH

𝑯𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑯 + 𝑲𝑶𝑯 = 𝑯𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑲 + 𝑯𝟐𝑶

0, 0800 M 0,2000 M

50,00 ml 24,00 ml

4 mmol 4,8 mmol

-4 mmol -4 mmol 4 mmol

0 0,8 mmol 4 mmol

0,8 𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑙
[𝐾𝑂𝐻] = = 0,0108108 𝑀 = [𝑂𝐻]
74,00 𝑚𝑙

4 𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑙
[𝐻𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐾] = = 0,054054 𝑀
74,00 𝑚𝑙
[𝑂𝐻] = 0,0108108 𝑀

𝑝𝑂𝐻 = − log[0,0108108] = 1,966142

𝑝𝐻 = 14 − 𝑝𝑂𝐻 = 14 − 1,966142

𝒑𝑯 = 𝟏𝟐, 𝟎𝟑𝟑𝟖𝟔 ≈ 𝟏𝟐, 𝟎𝟑

[𝐻𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐾] = 0,054054 𝑀

𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑯 + 𝑯𝟐𝑶 = 𝑯𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑯 + 𝑶𝑯

0,054054 − 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥

𝑲𝑶𝑯 + 𝑯𝟐𝑶 = 𝑲 + 𝑶𝑯
0,0108108 0,0108108

𝐾ℎ = 5,5556 × 10−11
[𝐻𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻][𝑂𝐻]
5,5556 × 10−11 =
[𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻]
𝑥(0,0108108 + 𝑥)
5,5556 × 10−11 =
(0,054054 − 𝑥)

0,054054(5,5556 × 10−11 )
𝑥=
0,0108108
𝑥 = 2,7778 × 10−10 𝑀
 [𝑂𝐻] = 0,0108108 + 𝑥

[𝑂𝐻] = 0,0108108 + 2,7778 × 10−10 = 0,0108108 𝑀

𝑝𝑂𝐻 = −𝑙𝑜𝑔[𝑂𝐻] = − log(0,0108108) = 1,966

𝑝𝐻 = 14 − 𝑝𝑂𝐻 = 14 − 1,966 = 12,03386

𝒑𝑯 = 𝟏𝟐, 𝟎𝟑
Después del punto de equilibrio (equivalencia) el Ph se calcula con el exceso de titulante.

Al adicionar 25 ml KOH

𝑯𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑯 + 𝑲𝑶𝑯 = 𝑯𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑲 + 𝑯𝟐𝑶

0, 0800 M 0,2000 M

50,00 ml 25,00 ml

4 mmol 5 mmol

-4 mmol -4 mmol 4 mmol

0 1 mmol 4 mmol

1 𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑙
[𝐾𝑂𝐻] = = 0,013333 𝑀 = [𝑂𝐻]
75,00 𝑚𝑙
4 𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑙
[𝐻𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐾] = = 0,053333 𝑀
75,00 𝑚𝑙
[𝑂𝐻] = 0,013333 𝑀

𝑝𝑂𝐻 = − log[0,013333 𝑀] = 1,8751

𝑝𝐻 = 14 − 𝑝𝑂𝐻 = 14 − 1,8751
𝒑𝑯 = 𝟏𝟐, 𝟏𝟐𝟒𝟗 ≈ 𝟏𝟐, 𝟏𝟐
[𝐻𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐾] = 0,053333 𝑀

𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑯 + 𝑯𝟐𝑶 = 𝑯𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑯 + 𝑶𝑯

0,053333 − 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥

𝑲𝑶𝑯 + 𝑯𝟐𝑶 = 𝑲 + 𝑶𝑯
0,013333 0,013333

𝐾ℎ = 5,5556 × 10−11
 [𝐻𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻][𝑂𝐻]
5,5556 × 10−11 =
[𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻]
𝑥(0,013333 + 𝑥)
5,5556 × 10−11 =
(0,053333 − 𝑥)

0,053333(5,5556 × 10−11 )
𝑥=
0,013333
𝑥 = 2,2223 × 10−10 𝑀
[𝑂𝐻] = 0,013333 + 𝑥

[𝑂𝐻] = 0,013333 + 2,2223 × 10−10 = 0,013333 𝑀

𝑝𝑂𝐻 = −𝑙𝑜𝑔[𝑂𝐻] = − log(0,013333) = 1,875

𝑝𝐻 = 14 − 𝑝𝑂𝐻 = 14 − 1,875 = 12,125
𝒑𝑯 = 𝟏𝟐, 𝟏𝟑

Al adicionar 26 ml KOH

𝑯𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑯 + 𝑲𝑶𝑯 = 𝑯𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑲 + 𝑯𝟐𝑶

0, 0800 M 0,2000 M

50,00 ml 26,00 ml

4 mmol 5,2 mmol

-4 mmol -4 mmol 4 mmol

0 1,2 mmol 4 mmol

1,2 𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑙
[𝐾𝑂𝐻] = = 0,015789 𝑀 = [𝑂𝐻]
76,00 𝑚𝑙
4 𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑙
[𝐻𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐾] = = 0,052632 𝑀
76,00 𝑚𝑙
[𝑂𝐻] = 0,015789 𝑀

𝑝𝑂𝐻 = − log[0,015789 𝑀] = 1,8016

𝑝𝐻 = 14 − 𝑝𝑂𝐻 = 14 − 1,8016
𝒑𝑯 = 𝟏𝟐, 𝟏𝟗𝟖𝟑𝟓 ≈ 𝟏𝟐, 𝟐𝟎
[𝐻𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐾] = 0,052632 𝑀
 𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑯 + 𝑯𝟐𝑶 = 𝑯𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑯 + 𝑶𝑯
0,052632 − 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥

𝑲𝑶𝑯 + 𝑯𝟐𝑶 = 𝑲 + 𝑶𝑯
0,015789 0,015789

𝐾ℎ = 5,5556 × 10−11
[𝐻𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻][𝑂𝐻]
5,5556 × 10−11 =
[𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻]
𝑥(0,015789 + 𝑥)
5,5556 × 10−11 =
(0,052632 − 𝑥)

0,052632(5,5556 × 10−11 )
𝑥=
0,015789
𝑥 = 1,8519 × 10−10
[𝑂𝐻] = 0,015789 + 𝑥

[𝑂𝐻] = 0,015789 + 1,8519 × 10−10 = 1,5789 × 10−2 𝑀

𝑝𝑂𝐻 = −𝑙𝑜𝑔[𝑂𝐻] = − log(1,5789 × 10−2 ) = 1,802

𝑝𝐻 = 14 − 𝑝𝑂𝐻 = 14 − 1,802 = 12,198
𝒑𝑯 = 𝟏𝟐, 𝟐𝟎

Al adicionar 35 ml KOH

𝑯𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑯 + 𝑲𝑶𝑯 = 𝑯𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑲 + 𝑯𝟐𝑶

0, 0800 M 0,2000 M

50,00 ml 35,00 ml

4 mmol 7 mmol

-4 mmol -4 mmol 4 mmol

0 3 mmol 4 mmol
3 𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑙
[𝐾𝑂𝐻] = = 0,035294 𝑀 = [𝑂𝐻]
85,00 𝑚𝑙
4 𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑙
[𝐻𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐾] = = 0,047059 𝑀
85,00 𝑚𝑙
[𝑂𝐻] = 0,035294 𝑀
 𝑝𝑂𝐻 = − log[0,035294 𝑀] = 1,452299
𝑝𝐻 = 14 − 𝑝𝑂𝐻 = 14 − 1,452299
𝒑𝑯 = 𝟏𝟐, 𝟓𝟒𝟕𝟕𝟎𝟏 ≈ 𝟏𝟐, 𝟓𝟓
[𝐻𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐾] = 0,047059 𝑀

𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑯 + 𝑯𝟐𝑶 = 𝑯𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑯 + 𝑶𝑯

0,047059 − 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥

𝑲𝑶𝑯 + 𝑯𝟐𝑶 = 𝑲 + 𝑶𝑯
0,035294 0,035294

𝐾ℎ = 5,5556 × 10−11
[𝐻𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻][𝑂𝐻]
5,5556 × 10−11 =
[𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻]
𝑥(0,035294 + 𝑥)
5,5556 × 10−11 =
(0,047059 − 𝑥)

0,047059 (5,5556 × 10−11 )

𝑥=
0,035294
𝑥 = 7,40752 × 10−11
[𝑂𝐻] = 0,035294 𝑀 + 𝑥

[𝑂𝐻] = 0,035294 + 7,40752 × 10−11 = 3,529 × 10−2 𝑀

𝑝𝑂𝐻 = −𝑙𝑜𝑔[𝑂𝐻] = − log(3,529 × 10−2 ) = 1,4523

𝑝𝐻 = 14 − 𝑝𝑂𝐻 = 14 − 1,4523 = 12,55
𝒑𝑯 = 𝟏𝟐, 𝟓𝟓
Al adicionar 44 ml KOH

𝑯𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑯 + 𝑲𝑶𝑯 = 𝑯𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑲 + 𝑯𝟐𝑶

0, 0800 M 0,2000 M

50,00 ml 44,00 ml

4 mmol 8,8 mmol

-4 mmol -4 mmol 4 mmol

0 4,8 mmol 4 mmol

4,8 𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑙
[𝐾𝑂𝐻] = = 0,0510638 𝑀 = [𝑂𝐻]
94,00 𝑚𝑙
 4 𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑙
[𝐻𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐾] = = 0,0425532 𝑀
94,00 𝑚𝑙
[𝑶𝑯] = 𝟎, 𝟎𝟓𝟏𝟎𝟔𝟑𝟖

𝑝𝑂𝐻 = − log[0,0510638] = 1,291887

𝑝𝐻 = 14 − 𝑝𝑂𝐻 = 14 − 1,291887
𝒑𝑯 = 𝟏𝟐, 𝟕𝟎𝟖𝟏 ≈ 𝟏𝟐, 𝟕𝟏
[𝑯𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑲] = 𝟎, 𝟎𝟒𝟐𝟓𝟓𝟑𝟐 𝑴

𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑯 + 𝑯𝟐𝑶 = 𝑯𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑯 + 𝑶𝑯

0,0425532 − 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥

𝑲𝑶𝑯 + 𝑯𝟐𝑶 = 𝑲 + 𝑶𝑯
0,0510638 0,0510638

𝐾ℎ = 5,5556 × 10−11
[𝐻𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻][𝑂𝐻]
5,5556 × 10−11 =
[𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻]
𝑥(0,0510638 + 𝑥)
5,5556 × 10−11 =
(0,0425532 − 𝑥)

0,0425532 (5,5556 × 10−11 )

𝑥=
0,0510638
𝑥 = 4,62967 × 10−11
[𝑂𝐻] = 0,0510638 𝑀 + 𝑥

[𝑂𝐻] = 0,0510638 + 4,62967 × 10−11 = 5,11 × 10−2 𝑀

𝑝𝑂𝐻 = −𝑙𝑜𝑔[𝑂𝐻] = − log(5,11 × 10−2 ) = 1,2916

𝑝𝐻 = 14 − 𝑝𝑂𝐻 = 14 − 1,2916 = 12,7084
𝒑𝑯 = 𝟏𝟐, 𝟕𝟏
 Al adicionar 45 ml KOH

𝑯𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑯 + 𝑲𝑶𝑯 = 𝑯𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑲 + 𝑯𝟐𝑶

0, 0800 M 0,2000 M

50,00 ml 45,00 ml

4 mmol 9 mmol

-4 mmol -4 mmol 4 mmol

0 5 mmol 4 mmol
5 𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑙
[𝐾𝑂𝐻] = = 0,05263 𝑀 = [𝑂𝐻]
95,00 𝑚𝑙
4 𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑙
[𝐻𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐾] = = 0,04211 𝑀
95,00 𝑚𝑙
[𝑶𝑯] = 𝟎, 𝟎𝟓𝟐𝟔𝟑 𝑴

𝑝𝑂𝐻 = − log[0,05263] = 1,27877

𝑝𝐻 = 14 − 𝑝𝑂𝐻 = 14 − 1,27877
𝒑𝑯 = 𝟏𝟐, 𝟕𝟐𝟏 ≈ 𝟏𝟐, 𝟕𝟐
[𝑯𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑲] = 𝟎, 𝟎𝟒𝟐𝟏𝟏 𝑴

𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑯 + 𝑯𝟐𝑶 = 𝑯𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑯 + 𝑶𝑯

𝟎, 𝟎𝟒𝟐𝟏𝟏 − 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥

𝑲𝑶𝑯 + 𝑯𝟐𝑶 = 𝑲 + 𝑶𝑯
𝟎, 𝟎𝟓𝟐𝟔𝟑 𝟎, 𝟎𝟓𝟐𝟔𝟑

𝐾ℎ = 5,5556 × 10−11
[𝐻𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻][𝑂𝐻]
5,5556 × 10−11 =
[𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻]
𝑥(𝟎, 𝟎𝟓𝟐𝟔𝟑 + 𝑥)
5,5556 × 10−11 =
(𝟎, 𝟎𝟒𝟐𝟏𝟏 − 𝑥)

𝟎, 𝟎𝟒𝟐𝟏𝟏 (5,5556 × 10−11 )

𝑥=
𝟎, 𝟎𝟓𝟐𝟔𝟑
𝑥 = 4,44511 × 10−11
[𝑂𝐻] = 𝟎, 𝟎𝟓𝟐𝟔𝟑 𝑀 + 𝑥

[𝑂𝐻] = 𝟎, 𝟎𝟓𝟐𝟔𝟑 + 4,44511 × 10−11 = 𝟓, 𝟐𝟔 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟐 𝑴

𝑝𝑂𝐻 = −𝑙𝑜𝑔[𝑂𝐻] = − log(𝟓, 𝟐𝟔 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟐 ) = 1,28

𝑝𝐻 = 14 − 𝑝𝑂𝐻 = 14 − 1,28 = 12,72

𝒑𝑯 = 𝟏𝟐, 𝟕𝟐
Al adicionar 46 ml KOH

𝑯𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑯 + 𝑲𝑶𝑯 = 𝑯𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑲 + 𝑯𝟐𝑶

0, 0800 M 0,2000 M

50,00 ml 46,00 ml

4 mmol 9,2 mmol

-4 mmol -4 mmol 4 mmol

0 5,2 mmol 4 mmol

5,2 𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑙
[𝐾𝑂𝐻] = = 0,05417 𝑀 = [𝑂𝐻]
96,00 𝑚𝑙
4 𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑙
[𝐻𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐾] = = 0,04167 𝑀
96,00 𝑚𝑙
[𝑶𝑯] = 𝟎, 𝟎𝟓𝟒𝟏𝟕 𝑴

𝑝𝑂𝐻 = − log[𝟎, 𝟎𝟓𝟒𝟏𝟕] = 1,26624

𝑝𝐻 = 14 − 𝑝𝑂𝐻 = 14 − 1,26624
𝒑𝑯 = 𝟏𝟐, 𝟕𝟑𝟒 ≈ 𝟏𝟐, 𝟕𝟑
[𝑯𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑲] = 𝟎, 𝟎𝟒𝟏𝟔𝟕 𝑴

𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑯 + 𝑯𝟐𝑶 = 𝑯𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑯 + 𝑶𝑯

𝟎, 𝟎𝟒𝟏𝟔𝟕 − 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥

𝑲𝑶𝑯 + 𝑯𝟐𝑶 = 𝑲 + 𝑶𝑯
𝟎, 𝟎𝟓𝟒𝟏𝟕 𝟎, 𝟎𝟓𝟒𝟏𝟕

𝐾ℎ = 5,5556 × 10−11
[𝐻𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻][𝑂𝐻]
5,5556 × 10−11 =
[𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻]
𝑥(𝟎, 𝟎𝟓𝟒𝟏𝟕 + 𝑥)
5,5556 × 10−11 =
(𝟎, 𝟎𝟒𝟏𝟔𝟕 − 𝑥)

𝟎, 𝟎𝟒𝟏𝟔𝟕 (5,5556 × 10−11 )

𝑥=
𝟎, 𝟎𝟓𝟒𝟏𝟕
 𝑥 = 4,2736 × 10−11
[𝑂𝐻] = 𝟎, 𝟎𝟓𝟒𝟏𝟕 𝑀 + 𝑥

[𝑂𝐻] = 𝟎, 𝟎𝟓𝟒𝟏𝟕 + 4,2736 × 10−11 = 𝟓, 𝟒𝟏𝟕 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟐 𝑴

𝑝𝑂𝐻 = −𝑙𝑜𝑔[𝑂𝐻] = − log(𝟓, 𝟒𝟏𝟕 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟐 ) = 1,266

𝑝𝐻 = 14 − 𝑝𝑂𝐻 = 14 − 1,266 = 12,73

𝒑𝑯 = 𝟏𝟐, 𝟕𝟑

Al adicionar 50 ml KOH

𝑯𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑯 + 𝑲𝑶𝑯 = 𝑯𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑲 + 𝑯𝟐𝑶

0, 0800 M 0,2000 M

50,00 ml 50,00 ml

4 mmol 10 mmol

-4 mmol -4 mmol 4 mmol

0 6 mmol 4 mmol
6 𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑙
[𝐾𝑂𝐻] = = 0,060 𝑀 = [𝑂𝐻]
100,00 𝑚𝑙
4 𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑙
[𝐻𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐾] = = 0,040 𝑀
100,00 𝑚𝑙
[𝑶𝑯] = 𝟎, 𝟎𝟔𝟎 𝑴

𝑝𝑂𝐻 = − log[0,060] = 1,2218

𝑝𝐻 = 14 − 𝑝𝑂𝐻 = 14 − 1,2218
𝒑𝑯 = 𝟏𝟐, 𝟕𝟕𝟖 ≈ 𝟏𝟐, 𝟕𝟖
[𝑯𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑲] = 𝟎, 𝟎𝟒𝟎 𝑴

𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑯 + 𝑯𝟐𝑶 = 𝑯𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑯 + 𝑶𝑯

𝟎, 𝟎𝟒𝟎 − 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥

𝑲𝑶𝑯 + 𝑯𝟐𝑶 = 𝑲 + 𝑶𝑯
𝟎, 𝟎𝟔𝟎 𝟎, 𝟎𝟔𝟎

𝐾ℎ = 5,5556 × 10−11
[𝐻𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻][𝑂𝐻]
5,5556 × 10−11 =
[𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻]
 𝑥(𝟎, 𝟎𝟔𝟎 + 𝑥)
5,5556 × 10−11 =
(𝟎, 𝟎𝟒𝟎 − 𝑥)

𝟎, 𝟎𝟒𝟎 (5,5556 × 10−11 )

𝑥=
𝟎, 𝟎𝟔𝟎
𝑥 = 3,704 × 10−11
[𝑂𝐻] = 𝟎, 𝟎𝟔𝟎 𝑀 + 𝑥

[𝑂𝐻] = 𝟎, 𝟎𝟔𝟎 + 3,704 × 10−11 = 𝟎, 𝟎𝟔𝟎 𝑴

𝑝𝑂𝐻 = −𝑙𝑜𝑔[𝑂𝐻] = − log(𝟎, 𝟎𝟔𝟎) = 1,22185

𝑝𝐻 = 14 − 𝑝𝑂𝐻 = 14 − 1,22185 = 12,7782
𝒑𝑯 = 𝟏𝟐, 𝟕𝟖