2nd Sem SY 2022-2023

CE221 2BSCE-B

Name: Blessa D. Torres Year/Course/Section: 2-BSCE-B

Laboratory #1: Simple Curve

Objective:

● To layout simple curve by deflection angle

Methodology: As a way to further explain this survey experiment, the following procedure
was performed.

Preparation. Materials for the survey, such as Engineer’s Transit, 30-meter tape
measure, leveling rods, stakes, chalk, and data collection instruments (pen and paper or
mobile phone), were obtained.

Conduction of Survey. The surveyors began by calculating the Long Chord (LC) and
Point of Tangency (PT) from the given radius, central angle, and point of curvature. Then,
calculate the deflection angle of each station from the given central angle and calculate
Long Chord (LC). Next is, set up the Engineer’s transit and mark it a Point of Curvature
(PC). Pinpoint the first station by the calculated deflection angle and chord distance, then
mark it with stake. And finally, repeat the steps for the next station to the end.

Tabulation and Computation. Tabulate the gathered data for computation and further
analysis.

Results and Discussion:

Given: R = 240m
I = 32°
PC = 5+767.2m
𝐿𝐶 = 𝐼° ( π𝑅
180° ) = 32°( π(240)
180° ) = 134. 04𝑚
𝑃𝑇 = 𝑃𝐶 + 𝐿𝐶 = 5 + 767. 2 + 134. 04 = 5 + 901. 24𝑚

a.) PC to Station 1 (S1):

𝐴𝑟𝑐
𝐷𝑒𝑓𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝐴𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 = 𝐿𝐶 2 =
𝐼°
( ) 2.8
134.04 ( ) = 0°20’00’’
32°
2
b.) Even stations:
𝐷𝑒𝑓𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝐴𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 = 𝐿𝐶
𝐴𝑟𝑐
( )=
𝐼°
2
20
134.04 ( ) = 2°23’20’’
32°
2
c.)Station 7 (S7) to PT1:
𝐷𝑒𝑓𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝐴𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 = 𝐿𝐶
𝐴𝑟𝑐
( )=
𝐼°
2
11.24
134.04 ( ) = 1°20’40’’
32°
2
Table 1. Deflection Angle of Each Station

Station Deflection Angle

P 5+767 0°00’00’’
C .2

S 5+770 (+) 0°20’00’’

ta. 1 0°20’00’’

S 5+790 (+) 2°43’20’’

ta. 2 2°23’20’’

S 5+810 (+) 5°06’40’’

ta. 3 2°23’20’’

S 5+830 (+) 7°30’00’’

ta. 4 2°23’20’’

S 5+850 (+) 9°53’20’’

ta. 5 2°23’20’’

S 5+870 (+) 12°16’40’’

ta. 6 2°23’20’’

S 5+890 (+) 14°40’00’’

ta. 7 2°23’20’’

P 5+901 (+) 16°00’40’’ ≈ 16°

T .24 1°20’40’’

Fig 2. Zoom of the Wireframe Layout of Simple Curve

Fig 1. The Wireframe Layout of Simple Curve

Conclusions:

The shape and length of a simple curve are determined by the deflection angle, an
important consideration in surveying and construction projects. The chord technique,
deflection angle method, middle ordinate method, bearings method, and tangent offset
method are a few of the techniques used to determine deflection angle.

By using deflection angles that are turned at the point of curvature from the tangent
to points along the curve, curves are staked out using the deflection angle method. Driving
pegs that are consistently spaced apart and the length of the typical chord are used to
construct the curve. Deflection angles, which are turned at the point of curvature from the
tangent to points along the curve, are used to stake out curves. Driving pegs that are
consistently spaced apart and the length of the typical chord are used to construct the
curve.
There are far too many procedures, such as the way surveyors sketch a curve on a
road, railroad, or expressway. It is difficult to set a curve on your own without any help from
surveyors. A number of the roads have issues that have led to accidents, especially in the
steep curves, which are the most dangerous parts of the roadways, as can be seen if we
look at them more closely. In civil engineering, we consider the security of the structure as
well as the security of every user.

For this fieldwork, it is recommended that distances be measured in increments of

20m because the tape measure is quite easy to draw and has a good degree of sag at this
length. In order to make sure that we are traveling in an aligned location, we also used the
theodolite.