MODULE NAME: Tendering, Estimating and

Quantity Surveying 4

MODULE NUMBER: 6155-32

STUDENT NAME: ABDUL GAFOOR

AJEEMSUHAN

ENROLLMENT NUMBER: IFA4120

CENTRE NAME: NATRIUM INSTITUTE OF

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

CENTRE NUMBER: 847430

1
TABLE OF CONTENTS

Task 01 ` 1-10

Task 02 11-23

Reference & Appendix 24-29

Task 03 30-33

Reference 34

2
TASK 1

Procedures in Measurement, Procurement, Tendering, Estimating, and Contracts in Civil

Engineering Projects at Tender Stage

1. Introduction
Civil engineering projects require efficient and systematic procedures for measurement,
procurement, tendering, estimating, and contracts to ensure successful project execution. This
report outlines the key processes involved in these areas and describes the associated
documentation commonly used during the tender stage of a civil engineering project.

2. Measurement and Production of Civil Engineering Quantities

The measurement and production of civil engineering quantities involve accurately determining
the quantities of materials, labor, and equipment required for the project. This process typically
includes the following steps:

Surveying plays a crucial role in civil engineering projects as it provides accurate information
about the site conditions, topography, and existing infrastructure. It involves using specialized
instruments and techniques to measure and map the land. Surveyors use instruments such as total
stations, GPS receivers, and levels to determine distances, angles, and elevations. They collect
data on existing features like buildings, roads, and utilities, as well as natural features like rivers
and hills. This information is then used to create detailed topographic maps, establish property
boundaries, and plan the layout of the project. Surveying ensures that the project design takes
into account the site's characteristics and helps in the proper alignment and positioning of
structures.

Quantity takeoff is the process of calculating the quantities of various items required for
construction based on project drawings and specifications. It involves meticulously examining
the construction plans and identifying the different materials, equipment, and labor requirements.
Quantity takeoff is typically done for each component of the project, such as excavation,
concrete, steel reinforcement, piping, and electrical wiring. Quantity takeoff can be performed

3
manually or with the help of specialized software that allows for the extraction of quantities
directly from digital drawings. Accurate quantity takeoff is essential for estimating project costs,
procuring materials, planning logistics, and scheduling construction activities.

The Bill of Quantities (BoQ) is a comprehensive document that itemizes the quantities of
materials, equipment, and labor required for each aspect of the project. It serves as a detailed
inventory of all the construction components and their quantities. The BoQ is typically organized
by trade or work package and provides a breakdown of the materials, their specifications, unit
rates, and total quantities. It helps in standardizing the pricing and evaluation of tenders from
different contractors. The BoQ is used by contractors to prepare their bids by calculating the
costs associated with the quantities provided. It also serves as a reference during the execution of
the project to ensure that the required quantities are procured and used as planned. The BoQ is an
important contractual document that facilitates transparency, accuracy, and fairness in the
tendering and execution of civil engineering projects.

4
3. Tendering Methods and Contractual Arrangements
Tendering methods and contractual arrangements are vital in the selection process of a contractor
for a civil engineering project. Open tendering, selective tendering, negotiated tendering, design
and build contracts, and traditional contracts are commonly used approaches.

Open tendering is a method where bids are invited from all interested contractors, ensuring fair
competition. This approach allows a wide range of contractors to participate, promoting
transparency and attracting potential bidders. The open nature of this method encourages a
competitive environment, which can result in obtaining competitive prices and quality proposals.

On the other hand, selective tendering involves inviting bids from a pre-qualified list of
contractors. These contractors are chosen based on their experience, capabilities, and adherence
to specific requirements set by the client. Selective tendering ensures that only competent and
qualified contractors are considered for the project, which can enhance the quality of
submissions and reduce risks associated with contractor selection.

Negotiated tendering is employed when specialized or complex projects require a more tailored
approach. It involves direct negotiations with a preferred contractor. This method allows for
detailed discussions and the ability to negotiate terms, such as scope, price, and timelines, with
the chosen contractor. Negotiated tendering is beneficial when unique expertise or innovative
solutions are required, but it may involve less competitive pricing due to the absence of direct
competition.

Design and build contracts streamline the process by awarding a single contract to a contractor
responsible for both the design and construction phases. This approach ensures a seamless
transition between design and construction, reducing coordination issues and potential conflicts.
The contractor has overall responsibility for delivering the project within the agreed parameters,
including design, construction, and compliance with project requirements.

In contrast, traditional contracts separate the design and construction stages. The contractor is
selected based on the lowest bid submitted. This method places emphasis on cost
competitiveness, as the lowest bidder is typically awarded the contract. However, it requires
clear design documentation to avoid potential conflicts during construction. Traditional contracts

5
offer the advantage of competitive pricing, but effective collaboration between the client,
designer, and contractor is essential to ensure a successful project outcome.

4. Documentation for Civil Engineering Projects at Tender Stage

During the tender stage, various documents are used to provide information and guidelines to
potential bidders.

a. Invitation to Tender (ITT): Issued by the client to invite contractors to submit their bids,
including project details, requirements, and submission instructions.

b. Instructions to Tenderers: Providing information on the tendering process, evaluation criteria,

contract conditions, and project-specific requirements.

c. Tender Forms: Documenting the contractor's bid, including proposed prices, construction
methodologies, schedules, and any qualifications or exceptions.

d. Drawings and Specifications: Providing detailed technical information about the project's
design, materials, and construction methods.

e. Conditions of Contract: Outlining the legal terms and conditions governing the relationship
between the client and the contractor.

f. Contract Data: Including project-specific details such as contract duration, payment terms,
performance guarantees, and insurances.

6
5. Procedure for Preparation of a Tender
The procedure for the preparation of a tender typically involves the following steps:

a. Advertisement: Publicly announcing the project and inviting potential contractors to

participate.

b. Pre-tender Meeting: Conducting a meeting to provide clarifications, answer queries, and

provide additional information to potential bidders.

c. Site Visit: Allowing contractors to visit the project site to assess the conditions and better
understand the project requirements.

d. Tender Submission: Contractors submit their bids, including all required documentation,
within a specified deadline.

e. Tender Evaluation: The client evaluates the submitted tenders based on criteria such as price,
qualifications, experience, and proposed methodology.

f. Award of Contract: The client selects the successful bidder and awards them the contract,
initiating the project's execution.

7
Estimating Procedures for Costing Civil Engineering Projects
Estimating procedures are essential for accurately determining the costs associated with a civil
engineering project. Key steps in estimating include:

a. Quantity Takeoff: Determining the quantities of materials, labor, and equipment required
based on project drawings and specifications.

b. Pricing: Assigning unit prices to each item in the BoQ, considering current market rates and
historical data.

c. Labor and Equipment Costs: Estimating the cost of labor and equipment based on productivity
rates, availability, and project duration.

d. Indirect Costs: Accounting for overhead expenses, site facilities, supervision, and contingency
allowances.

e. Profit and Overhead: Adding a profit margin and overhead costs to the total estimated project
cost.

8
7. Types of Civil Engineering Contracts
Various types of contracts can be utilized in civil engineering projects, depending on the specific
needs and complexity of the project. Here are the common contract types:

a. Lump Sum Contracts: In a lump sum contract, the contractor is paid a fixed amount for
completing the project as per the defined scope and specifications. This type of contract is often
used when the project's scope is well-defined and there is little risk of changes or unforeseen
circumstances. The contractor bears the responsibility for managing costs and risks within the
agreed-upon price.

b. Cost-Plus Contracts: In cost-plus contracts, the contractor is reimbursed for the actual costs
incurred during the project, in addition to a predetermined fee or percentage. This type of
contract is commonly used when the project's scope or specifications are uncertain or subject to
changes. It provides flexibility for the contractor to account for unforeseen expenses and
encourages transparency in cost reporting.

c. Target Cost Contracts: Target cost contracts involve setting a target cost for the project, and
the contractor is paid for the actual costs incurred. A predetermined sharing ratio is established to
allocate any cost overruns or savings between the client and the contractor. This contract type
promotes cost efficiency and incentivizes the contractor to manage costs effectively.

d. Unit Price Contracts: In unit price contracts, the contractor is paid based on the actual
quantities of work performed, multiplied by predetermined unit prices. This type of contract is
commonly used when the quantities of work cannot be accurately determined in advance, such as
in maintenance or repair projects. The contractor is compensated based on the actual output or
quantities delivered.

e. Incentive Contracts: Incentive contracts offer additional incentives or penalties based on

specific project performance metrics. These metrics can include meeting project milestones,
achieving cost savings, or completing the project ahead of schedule. Incentive contracts are
designed to encourage contractors to perform at a higher level and deliver exceptional results,
while also providing motivation to meet project objectives.

9
It is important to select the most appropriate contract type based on the project's characteristics,
risk factors, and desired outcomes. Contractual arrangements should be carefully considered to
ensure clarity, fairness, and alignment with project objectives.

Conclusion
Efficient measurement, procurement, tendering, estimating, and contracting procedures are
crucial for the successful execution of civil engineering projects. By following established
processes and utilizing appropriate documentation, clients and contractors can ensure
transparency, fairness, and effective management throughout the tender stage, ultimately leading
to successful project outcomes.

10
TASK 2

Introduction.

It is related to the measurement and preparation of descriptions for piles, pile caps, and bridge
abutments in accordance with the latest Civil Engineering Standard Method of Measurement
(CESMM). The task requires taking off the quantities and preparing descriptions for the in-situ
concrete, reinforcement, and formwork for the drawings numbered 5120315-BR-DD-001,
5120315-BR-DD-002, 5120315-BR-DD-003, 5120315-BR-DD-004, and 5120315-BR-DD-005.
The supporting documents for this task would be labelled as Part 1 drawings. This task requires a
thorough understanding of the latest CESMM and familiarity with the relevant engineering
drawings.

Table 1: Wight light Railway medina High school Foot Bridge

Name of the Project: Wight light railway medina high school footbridge
Drawing No:
Name of the Taker offer:
Date: 28/03/2023
Taking off check
      list        
               

Boared cast in place

1. concrete piles, 900mm dia,
      Concrete   2 6.00   12m long (P.1.5.2)
      Pile 2 8.00    
      Pile cap     28.00  
2. Form
      work          
      Pile        
Pile cap
Cast in place concrete
piles, preparing heads,
      2 6.00   900mm diameter (Q.1.8.5)
      3. Reinforcement 2 8.00    
      Pile     28.00  
               

               

11
 Formwork rough finish,
2 plane vertical, exceeding
        2 3.50   1.22m (G.1.3.5)
          1.00    
            14.00  

2
        2 7.00    
          1.00    
            28.00  

2
        4 6.95    
          1.00    
            55.60  

2
        4 1.50    
          1.00    
            12.00  
               
            109.60  

               
               
               
262
8 Ditto but, other curved
        0.64   (G.1.6.0)
               
               
Cast in place concrete
piles, reinforcement,
straight bars, 12mm dia,
not exceeding 25mm
              (Q.2.1.1)
               
4.
Abutmen
      t          
Formwo
      rk         Formwork  

12
      Concrete          
            formwork rough finish
vertical side exceeding
            1.22m
            (G 1 4 5)  
             
For the Front face of Base
          4.30 plate of the abutment
          1.00    
          4.30    
             
For the Side faces of the
          2.90   abutment base

        2 1.00    
          5.80    
               
          4.00  

For the both side legs of

        4 1.00   the abutment wall base
          16.00    
               
          4.30   For the both side legs of
the abutment wall base
          1.00   (Bank Side face)
          4.30    
m (For the one side abutment
2

            30.40 base)
               
          1.45  
For the Front face of wall
of the abutment
        2 3.57  
          10.34    
               
          3.57  
For the Side face of wall of
the abutment
        2 3.30  
        23.53      
m (For the one side abutment
2

          33.87 base)

13
             
      2 64.27  
           
m2 (For the one side
          128.54 abutments)
             
            Concrete for Abutment
             
          Provision of concrete for
          concrete base designed
concrete grade C25
          cement
          to BS 12,20mm size
Aggregate min cement
          content BS 667.
         
(F 1 4 2. 1)
         
        4.30   For the Base plate of the
        2.95   abutment. (only for one
        1.00   side)
        12.69    
             
        4.00   For the leg of Base plate of
          the abutment. (only for
1.00 one side)

 
      2 1.50  
        12.00    
             
        1.45   For the Side face of wall of
        3.30   the abutment (Only for
one Side)
        3.36    
        16.06    
             
      2 40.75  
           
          81.49 m3 For the Both Side of
Abutments

14
Abstract sheet of Substructure Including Ground Floor Slab

GROUND WORK

EXCAVATION FILLING DISPOSAL

Excavating pit for columns Filling to excavation average Filling material needed
maximum depth ≤ 1.20 m. thickness > 0.25 m arising
from excavation.

90.72 290 75.4 201

198.80 72.3

274.2

68.6

(491)

290 m3 491 m3

-201 201

-201 m3 201 m3

15
 SURFACE TREATMENT EARTHWORK SUPPORT

Surface treatment compacting bottom of Earthwork support maximum depth ≤ 1.00 m

excavation. distance between opposing faces ≤ 2.00 m.

90.72 302.4

241

331.72 302.4

332 m2 303 m2

CONCRETE WORK

BEDS FOUNDATION COLUMNS

In situ concrete beds In situ foundation for In situ columns with

thickness ≤ 150 mm screed columns reinforcements reinforcements 4Y 16 and
concrete 1:3:6 poured on or Y16 @ 6” c/c both ways. R6 @ 6”.
against earth.

3.8 12.8 6.6

24.1

27.9 13 m3 6.6

28 m3 7 m3

16
 FORMWORK SLAB BEAM

Formwork for in situ In situ concrete slab In situ concrete beam

concrete footing thickness ≤ 150 mm. attached in rubble masonry
foundation.

90.72 205.7 30.1

91 m2 205.7 30 m3

208 m3

Formwork for in situ 13

concrete columns.
7

105.84 208

30

Total = 258 m3
106m2

Formwork for in situ plinth

beams in rubble foundation

361.5

362m2

MASONRY WORK

FOUNDATION DAMP PROOF COARSE CEMENT MORTAR

Random rubble masonry. Damp proof coarse width Random Rubble Masonry

17
 > 225 mm horizontal. work.

198.8 280 7

*125% 99.4

248.5 280

250 m3 280m2 106.4

107 m3

REINFORCEMENT/INSULATION

REINFORCEMENT INSULATION

Y16 (6m) Floor insulation

847 4058/6 1372 m2

479

2732

4058 677 bars/52

4058 m 13 tons

18
19
BOQ for the Substructure Including Ground Floor Slab

No Item Description Unit Quantity Unit Price Gross

Amount $
$

01 Excavation m3 290 10 2900

02 Filling m3 491 10 4910

03 Filling Soil needed m3 201 15 3015

04 Surface Treatment m2 332 10 3320

05 Earth work support m2 303 2 606

06 Grade 15 MPa m3 28 40 1120

Concrete

07 Grade 20 MPa m3 258 70 18,060

Concrete

08 Formwork m2 559 10 5590

20
 09 Random rubble m3 250 12 3000
masonry

10 Damp proof coarse m2 280 5 1400

11 Cement Mortar m3 107 10 1070

12 16 mm ton 13 6000 78000

Reinforcement

13 Floor Insulation m2 1372 50 68600

Board

14 Miscellaneous 10000

GROSS TOTAL 201,591

202,000

BOQ on 232 m Fencing for This site (Using PlanSwift)

Item Qty Unit Rate/$ Amount

- - LS 1000

Site Clearing

21
 Setting out - - LS 750

Excavation of 232 m 1 232

foundation
trench

Masons for 12 nos 10 120

foundation
blinding

Labours for 36 nos 8 288

foundation
blinding

Masons for 12 nos 10 120

block work

labours for 36 nos 8 288

blockwork

Labour for 6 nos 10 60

concrete
pouring

Masons for 12 nos 8 96

concrete
pouring

Carpenter for 9 nos 10 90

column
formwork

Iron bender 12 nos 10 120

for columns

Blocks 8000 nos 0.5 4000

Y12 columns 40 nos 14 560

22
 Sand 40 M3 50 2000

Gravels 5 M3 65 325

nails 8 kg 3 24

Binding wire 20 kg 2 40

cements 150 nos 10 1500

miscellaneous 200 200

TOTAL $ 11813

23
REFERNCES

[1] Institution of Civil Engineers, 1991. Civil engineering standard method of measurement.

Thomas Telford Publishing.
[2] Ostrowski, S.D., 2013. Estimating and cost planning using the new rules of measurement.
John Wiley & Sons.
[3] Ostrowski, S.D., 2013. Measurement Using the New Rules of Measurement. John Wiley
& Sons.
[4] Savostyanov, D.V. and Tyrtyshnikov, E.E.E., 2009. Approximate multiplication of tensor
matrices based on the individual filtering of factors. Computational Mathematics and
Mathematical Physics, 49(10), pp.1662-1677.
[5] GbmH, E., Chiasserini, C.F., Härri, J., Aziendale, S., Muehleisen, M. and Serra, G.,
Design and Evaluation of 5G Network Stress Testing Methods for Connected Vehicles.
[6] Yang, C., Li, S., Lan, Y., Wang, L., Hao, A. and Qin, H., 2016. Coupling time-varying
modal analysis and FEM for real-time cutting simulation of objects with multi-material
sub-domains. Computer Aided Geometric Design, 43, pp.53-67.
[7] Oliansky, D.M., Larson, R.A., Weisdorf, D., Dillon, H., Ratko, T.A., Wall, D., McCarthy
Jr, P.L. and Hahn, T., 2012. The role of cytotoxic therapy with hematopoietic stem cell
transplantation in the treatment of adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia: update of the 2006
evidence-based review. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, 18(1), pp.18-36.
[8] Le Thanh Tu, R.R., Silva, A., Nicolae, C.H.I.U.R.T.U., Castelain, D., Bota, V., Varga,
M., Badiu, M.A., Stef, M.P. and Polgar, Z., D5. 2 Intermediate version of the system
level simulator.

24
Appendix 1: Assumed Footing Locations

Appendix 2 – Excavation volume for footings

25
Appendix 3: Excavation volume for Rubble

Appendix 4- ground Floor Area

26
APPENDIX 5: ABUMDMENT DETAILS OF PART 1

27
28
TASK 3
To produce a tender document, you need to follow these steps. First, consider the nature and
requirements of the project to determine the most suitable contract type. There are several
common contract types, such as lump sum contracts, cost-plus contracts, target cost contracts,
unit price contracts, and incentive contracts. Choose the contract type that best aligns with the
project's objectives, risk factors, and desired outcomes.

Next, gather all relevant project information provided by the client, including project drawings,
specifications, scope of work, and any other pertinent documents. It is essential to fully
understand the project requirements, timelines, and evaluation criteria to prepare an accurate
tender. Make sure you have a clear understanding of the project and its deliverables.

Once you have the project information, proceed to develop the tender documentation. The tender
documentation typically consists of various components. Firstly, create an invitation to tender,
clearly stating the project details, scope of work, submission instructions, and the deadline for
submitting tenders.

Next, provide comprehensive instructions to tenderers, which include information on the

tendering process, evaluation criteria, contractual terms, and any specific requirements. Be sure
to include detailed instructions on how to prepare and submit the tender.

Create a form of tender document where contractors can fill in their proposed prices,
construction methodologies, project schedules, and any qualifications or exceptions they may
have.

Review a standard form of contract commonly used in the industry, such as FIDIC or NEC
contracts. Adjust the contract conditions in accordance with the tender form and specific project
requirements. Ensure that the contract is fair, balanced, and suitable for the project.

Include detailed drawings and specifications that provide technical information about the
project's design, materials, and construction methods. It is crucial to provide clear and accurate
documentation.

29
Prepare a comprehensive bill of quantities document that itemizes the quantities of materials,
equipment, and labor required for each aspect of the project. Include unit rates and any relevant
pricing information to assist the contractors in their pricing.

Lastly, review and adjust the form of contract to align with the tender form and specific project
requirements. Customize the contract by modifying the terms and conditions as necessary. Make
sure the contract is fair, balanced, and ready for signature by the contract parties.

By following these steps, you can produce a professional tender document that includes all the
necessary information and documentation for the project.

Breakdown of all-in rates

I031 Supplying and fixing of 32 thick, ledged, braced and battened sash in class II local
timber for doors and windows (Barrel Bolts & Slkeleton Bolts paid seperately)

PER m2

M05
2 Timber plank 38mm class II sq.m 1.500 1.00 1.50
M13
4 Screws brass 30mm x Guage 8 Doz 3.740 0.00
M13
3 Screws brass 25mm x Guage 8 Doz 0.374 0.00
Skilled
L002 labour hour 15.000 2.00 30.00
Unskilled
L001 labour hour 6.000 3.00 18.00

ALLOW FOR SCREWS AND

SAND PAPER
SUB TOTAL 49.50
OVER HEAD & PROFITS 22.00% 10.89
TOTAL 60.39

30
I032 Supplying and fixing of 25mm thick sash in imported timber for doors and
windows (Iron Mongery glazing paid seperately)

PER m2

M42
7 32mm thick imported timber planks m2 1.400 0.00
Skilled
L002 labour hour 15.000 50.00 750.00
Unskilled
L001 labour hour 6.000 60.00 360.00

ALLOW FOR SCREWS AND

SAND PAPER

1,110.0
SUB TOTAL 0
OVER HEAD & PROFITS 22.00% 244.20
1,354.2
TOTAL 0

I033 Supplying and fixing of battened, door for gurge 32mm framed 15mm thick battened with
125mm x 100mm frames in class I timber with iron pintels and strap hinges Iron tower bolts
for doors
for Hasp &
Staple.
PER m2
M38
1 Hasp and staple Iron 100mm * No. 0.200 70.00 14.00
M38
2 Screws Brass 40mm x Gauge 8 Nos. 3.400 80.00 272.00
M04 Timber beams
3 class I Cu.m 0.02 60.00 1.20
M05
1 Timber plank 38mm class I sq.m 0.60 30.00 18.00
M42
5 25mm thick planks of class I local timber M2 0.64 50.00 32.00
M42
9 Holdfasts - 250 x 25 x 6 Nos. 1.00 0.00
M43
0 Pintels and stay hinges 50mm x 6mm x 1m Nos. 1.00 20.00 20.00
M06
2 Bolt & nut iron 45 x 6mm Nos. 5.00 0.00
M06
8 Bolt Tower iron 75mm * Nos. 0.20 10.00 2.00
L001 Unskilled Hour 4.000 20.00 80.00

31
 labour
L002 Skilled labour Hour 6.000 30.00 180.00
ALLOW FOR SPUR STONES SAND PAPER
DOWELS
ALLOW FOR MACHINE PLANING
SUB TOTAL 619.20
OVER HEAD & PROFITS 22.00% 136.22
TOTAL 755.42

Supplying and fixing of glazed and panelled, 32mm thick sash and with 100mm x 75mm
I034 frames
in class I local timber for doors and windows including all Brass furniture. (Door lock paid
seperately)
PER m2

Timber beams Cu. 15.0

M043 class I m 0.02 0 0.30
25.0
M049 Timber plank 38mm class I sq.m 0.64 0 16.00
25.0
M425 25mm thick planks of class I local timber M2 0.25 0 6.25
31.6
M432 40mm x 40mm class I timber sash bars L.m 1.64 7 51.93
36.6
M386 12mm x 12mm local class I timber fillets L.m 5.30 7 194.33
sq. 41.6
M197 Glass Pane clear 3mm m 0.36 7 15.00
46.6
M122 Hinge butt brass 125mm x 100mm * No. 1.50 7 70.00
51.6
M099 Bolt skeleton brass 300mm * No. 0.40 7 20.67
Nos 56.6
M096 Bolt barrel brass 150mm * . 0.80 7 45.33
12.0 61.6
M398 25mm brass screws - 8 Nos. 0 7 740.00
66.6
L001 Unskilled labour hour 6.00 7 400.00
12.0 71.6
L002 Skilled labour hour 0 7 860.00

ALLOW FOR SPUR STONES, RAWL PLUGS, SCREWS, DOWELS,

SAND PAPER
ETC.
ALLOW FOR MACHINE PLANING & JOINT
SUB TOTAL 2,419.82
OVER HEAD & PROFITS 22 % 532.36
TOTAL 2,952.18
I035 Supplying and fixing of glazed or pannelled 32mm thick sashes with

32
 100mm x 75mm frames in class II local timber complete with brass
furniture for doors and windows. ( door lock paid
seperately)

PER m2

M04 Timber beams

4 class II Cum 0.02 15.00 0.30
M05
0 Timber plank 38mm class II m2 0.64 26.00 16.64
M42
6 25mm thick planks of class II local timber m2 0.25 36.00 9.00
M43
3 40mm x 40mm Class II timber sash bars L.m 1.64 46.67 76.53
M43 12mm x 12mm local class II timber
4 fillets. L.m 5.30 57.17 302.98
M19 Glass pane
7 clear 3mm sqm 0.36 67.67 24.36
M12
2 Hinge Butt Brass 125mm x 100mm * No. 2.00 78.17 156.33
M09
9 Bolt Skeleton Brass 300mm * No. 0.40 88.67 35.47
M09
6 Bolt Barrel Brass 150mm * No. 0.33 99.17 32.73
M39
8 Screws brass 25mm x Gauge 8 No. 9.00 109.67 987.00
Unskilled
L001 labour hour 6.00 120.17 721.00
1,568.0
L002 Skilled labour hour 12.00 130.67 0

ALLOW FOR MACHINE PLANING

ALLOW FOR SPUR STONES RAWL PLUGS, SCREWS, DOWELS,

SAND
PAPER ETC.

3,930.3
SUB TOTAL 4
OVER HEAD & PROFITS 22.00% 864.68
4,795.0
TOTAL 2

REFERENCES

33
Runeson, G. and Skitmore, M., 1999. Tendering theory revisited. Construction Management &
Economics, 17(3), pp.285-296.

Maintenance_BSR-2022.pdf (buildings.gov.lk)

Mohemad, R., Hamdan, A.R., Othman, Z.A. and Noor, N.M.M., 2010. Decision support systems
(DSS) in construction tendering processes. arXiv preprint arXiv:1004.3260.

What is tendering in construction? | Buildxact US

Liu, T., Wang, Y. and Wilkinson, S., 2016. Identifying critical factors affecting the effectiveness
and efficiency of tendering processes in Public–Private Partnerships (PPPs): A comparative
analysis of Australia and China. International Journal of project management, 34(4), pp.701-716.

Buuri, J.M., 2016. Factors Affecting Implementation of Open Tendering Process in Public
Institutions.

34