nL... aoa” — ® Ruse shooting (Or See Fat) (FR DAADOHOHONDDDHDDONDHHHOHHD HDD VY VY YYVVBWVyY nn = aS Se ° ~> Fowess Ahasting 1A good because H+ helps to seduce the possibility of conflict between Aocial groups > Rewer shosting is the very spistit of democracy. > Sp amodero democstacies : — Rouen ts Ahasied among different osgat of govt, — Powe can be shasred arnong govt at different levels. A geretal govt fei the entire country ts aAually calleo) Fedestal gor Sp Sndia, we sxefy to it As tre Cerleal om Union govesinm ent. > Ruoer array albo be shosted arneng Aiesrent- social grroupa Buch as the seligiouk and linguist'e Pru. > Reve, shasting soangeretsh car also be deen In the tay political protieS, prossuste gioypS ard arovemers conlsto) 6 influence Pode ir pours. © Fedestalism > Federeliam ts a system of govt tn which the Pewes, i ig divided belvoeen a combial authestity and veotious cons tiuert units of te courbry. —> The fedoial system Har has dual objectives ; ty Aakeguand and pstormote unrty of the country, wohile af the Aame time accommodate stegional diveuty, SOS SS OS ese| @ 22II2}359)359 > An idea} -fedestal Ag&tem has both aspects ! mirtual Ast&hand apreemert to live -texethor. > “coming tegethor ’ faderation® inchide the USA, Switzerland and auttstalia > The second Sbute 1d whore a lentge country decides, to divide Hs peure7 beloeer the convhtuent Strles and the rebiona) government: Ondia, Spain ard Belgiue B1e example of tia Kod of “holding togeth Sr feclerations. > The Conshbution declasied Qndia as a Union of Sbfox. : The Ondian union 74 based onthe Pouinoiples of Redexalism. 1 > A thioid Ber of federalism toast acted to the Rom of > Panchayaht and Municipalities: > Thstee liAta in Sndian Consptution — Union Like includes subjects of nahonal imposttance — Shale lis corks subjects of Plate and Local Fonpestdance . — Concussert List Includes subjects of common iolesey ~ 2ID)92 do both the union govt ak well as the thle governments. > a> 22 languages adie now included in the eighth Schedule of the Sndian Conaditutton ancl are Herehore callea) ; ‘Scheduled Languages SS SOS Sy 92989554ae . 2 Ep @ > When poise, tz taken away Brom cenlsre end Alle > @ Jo. ard giver + local govt. 42 called decertoyalisaton. © > An independent instibrbon called the Sle Election 6 Commigsion has been corled in ech Afale to conduct ® Panchayet ard maricipa) elections. © Real local govl. 2A popa lastly Rnown by the rome panchayodi 910}. > A few geram panchayats, ate gerouped -bgeties? to @ com whet 7s usually called o panchayat Aamrh’ 091 @ block «1 ~mandal. e — All the panchayat AamittA os4 mandalA in a © disbict together consthete the zilla (alitttict) paszishad: > bbtbae asta Municipalities ote et up in towns 09 usiban conas. Bigncttied ase constituled into municipal Com portations. — Sra fnunkeipal casrpesaton Auch an ofcesy PA called the majos e Demostac © & Divescsrty —> Civil stights movernent in the USA (1954-1968) : otefe8 toa set of everts Asteksuns movements airned at abolishing legal stacial didcotiminetion ag ans} DBrican- Americans, led by Mastin Leetbion King Ta, uta movement Pract cel non-violent methods ¥, ew] Aigobedierce against sigcially discoimninatony luvs d porches, e@aseeeeaneaeeeseee SOS SS OSes Ea oS o py eee 7 & > The black. gloved and staised, clenched Ashs were Meart to symbolise black power, ~ The Block Pues ! movement emasrged in 1966 £ laste! HI) 1495 , which oak a mooie milifant aoh'-stactsf- Movement. > Thetee Facto BR cHuda) 17 deciding fhe outcome of Poti SD social) divisions. — Fieut ofall, the outcome clepencl& on heus| people Perteelve Hels; identtes. — Second, H-deperdS on how politiea) Jeacdests staise Hhr demand& of any community — Dhistd, H+ depend 3 onb,how +e govt syeacts to derard’& of dillstent- GPIOPA. > Horoevesy, histesry hows that cermnocr1acy ts dhe best way toshght choot Meeagniloo and alte to Qecommedate § clivestsity. @ Gendest, s1eligion and caste. —> The literacy sole evrong women 14 only 54/7 com pasyed) with 46 % among men. ’ > Gandniji used to say that sieligion can never be Aepasicted Por polis. @ — He believes! that politics must be guided by ethics chiawn Prom seligion ‘SHASHANK SAJWAN- @IASIPS_MENTOR Ju! 99999999 9090999)9359 99757 57)5j)5373733003om raagraernscis - Seo. © > A commana) mind offen leads toa quest fo polibeaf® @ dominance of one's own sieligiou& community. e- ‘We stemain Atrtargend s Even after Ao mony meetings, 6 Blood Baird stemain , 6 Even abjen Bo many straint. ©, Srebimet communolisor fakes i's most ugly Bom of ° Commune) violence, Hiofs and massacsie: 7 > Thete ts no offcial eeligion fon tHe Sndigo Gferte ~ Crot conshihition clock ref give 2, apeelal Atertus * to ary ateligion 2> The contin provides to al) Individuals & communitie& @ Pier to pehss, practice 4 prepagak any eligion, 091 ret to Relbus any @ > Tre conshtuhon pobibtd. Aizesriminetion en grounds *e of gtellgion @ > Whe Pople AayAhet a caste TA a ‘vole bark’ of one @ prety, i+ waally means that o lcoge porpasition of the @ voles Berit artte vole feo thet prorly. © SLT ot politics Hat gets eatte-ouidden, ot ia He © Great gets politicised. @ ° Shougyle and movernenbs.- @ > Nepal's Aaond movernert fier democracy, © > Moists: Those ammuniats who believe in the ideolegy of Yao, the fender of the Chinese Revolution. ‘They 2eek fo ovenfoow © the govk Hoteugh an coved Sevolution 50 ato. ostaflinh ahs @e f ul dhe peasants on Keq a @ Sule oa BNSC OTST- a @®r > Nepal witnessed cn exdstacsratinasiy popular rovemant i9 apatil 2006 Te orenermant wat aumes) af tethering dernoctacy. > Demecstatic conflict £4 steSolved Horcuigh mass mrobitizaan > Bomwn Peups one csiganisations thatattempt to ~ faPlusnce govesumrsnt- policies. in coder fo achieve % commen objective > VAally tolesrox} Proups sack to potormete dhe WoheoeAts of a pooiular ection ost group of sodety. > Promotiona) gorups 097 public lokex@kf go1oups paiarcte XII DD collerBye stotren than Aelechve® geod They aim fo help ~ gpioups ottesr than +hel+ cuir anember& + > A political poorly Js a goieup of peopl who come Jegetre ~ to contest ekction® teheld pose: in the Qovoirmen}- ss i © Politcale Redes + —> Poet) crpest ekehons y > Root? put feoumsd diferent polices and poregsianmnes > Prothes play a decisive ale in omabing laws Lora casrbny > ~ > Paories four 4 un governments > Pastties shope public opinion ? Pasties Prrovide peopk acegs Jo gevl. machinery & —— welfagie Schemes. 2 On Ondia, we have a molli~ pootty Ayshern, ’ " ‘ 2 SWOT SS OSS sey $33 ID30D~ ara ~ %@ > Ondian .Nefional Congeiess (ONC): Fepulasily Krown at the 2 @ Congeiess pastly . Founded in 1985. % > Bhoichys TJanste Pasty (BTP): Founded In 1980 by dteviving @ the eoutshile Bhavratiye Tana Singh. @ > Bahujan Sarmj Pavly + Féoured in, 1484 under the @ leadership of Kanshi Kam , © > Communist Rony of Oniia- Meoriat (epr-M) ! Founded ® tn 1464. Believer fo Mesixism- Laniniam. Siuppoots Aovaliom, @ Reculestinm & clemocstacy 4 opposed lmpestialion & commuralin ® > Communist Reoity of Sndia CCPL): Febyniel fo 1125. Believes © fn Mesxiam = Leniniam , Seculastiam andvcemecctacy. Oppossel ® 15 tne Rorees of Secessionism Cheatin olism. © . Nehonalist Congoost Borty (NEP): Feorrnedl in 1999 * Py Following a Aplit in the congota&8 pooty. A member of @ the UPAC United! RBucgrtepsive Alliance) * «se a rs eo e es e e = e s . & © Oulcores of Derosiagy > De ons} Catie outcome of democracy Ahould be Hoot it produce’ ay govt Me} TA accoanhtk +o He crtizent, eund>gegporsive to the needs and expectahons of the erties > Verrcesiatic goveurment iA legitimek goveinment- SH aay be Abu, less efechve, ret aluoaye very responsive. 0 chan. Buta ckmocsrafic govesinment fs People's oun goveumer}. SHASHANK SAJWAN-@IASIPS_MENTORa = =p Da ~? Feet the Bily yeos boboesn 1450 and Zoo0, dictotesships have slishlly highest stole off economic gorouth. > Rethops mote than dlevelopment 78 siertenable te expect > democracies fo otecle economic lis pesrifieg > No Aociety can fully & permanently seslive coflictA among aiflesart groups buf mechanianys con be evelver| to negohale the aifesonce? > OHA necessary fo understnt Hrat clerrocoraey 1% rot imply guile by rajestity opinion. i acy Aland& omuch rupestier, foamy other hewn ot govesumant in paometing dignttysend Breeder of te fodtvielval, > The Tact trot people cob carplaining 4 ibsell a -tesbirnony to +e success of derrostacy @ Challenges Gon He Democsiacy _ > Dernecsiacy is Ha dominant Rem of govt fo te conbemperteoty woes let +> A challenged fs a aiffica by Het caroties within 1p an offesttunity feor prieowss. Orce we overcome a challenge we ge up to a higher level than behsre. > Mot of tre etbbliahed democaacies Lice the challenge of expansion. (powoe: # diflert level) BENTO SECU Ime 9393339393433 39953 5999535Os the Hhisid challenge of deepening of demecstacy iA @a re | Leed by every democstauy in one fo1m 0% another > An the Auggestions 091 paieposalé about overcoming Vastions challenge? to dermastay se called ‘demostacy s1elosim’ 03+ * political siefasirn’ > Te rain fcuk of polibcal oiefoouns Ahaild be on ways to Altengten democtate Prachee > Nex cannot have demoatay tno steo) Aensesunles> prope and politicians overcome Mra baseriet& of caste & x2ligron > the owuleis -eleclad by the people smush terke all the mayost decision > elections muss olllsra choice 4¢Bids opposrhunity to the Peopk to chagge He cussmrh stu let 1 PHB choice & oppoorbuntyy Should be available to ol He eo feple en an equah basis ‘ r 2 tHe exercise af his choice cmudt lead to government rr liediked by bali oulet8- owls of Me constitrton & 7 ctfizén 4 fights “ -> eliminating AtAscstimination based on caste, stligion & “ gender 1s impestlrt in a democracy. . 2A good demosiacy (4 whet we Hunk it i & what ' we wish to make it, SEO eC Or STAM eSLC = .