TIK1012 - ENGLISH

GOAL 15 OF SUISTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS (SDGs)

Using satellite imagery

and machine learning to
improve land use
planning

PRESENTED BY:

FRICO RAMA PUTUNG

TIK1012 - ENGLISH LIFE ON LAND

SDG 15 discusses the problems that

occur on land with some data that
shows some of the problems that
need to be addressed.

Goal 15 infographic, source:

https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2022/
TIK1012 - ENGLISH LIFE ON LAND

What is the specific problem?

TIK1012 - ENGLISH LIFE ON LAND

01
Land use/land cover

Problem
change (LULCC)
The solution uses
02 digital imagery and
Statement Deforestation machine learning

03
Land Degradation
Solution Of
Land use/land
cover change 01 LIFE ON LAND

(LULCC)

A method for measuring land Motives behind using

use/land cover change (LUCC) the methods :
using remote sensing and
geographic information
Remote sensing technology aims to
systems
provide precise spatial data to support
decision-makers in establishing regional
planning[2]
With the rapid development of deep
learning in the field of remote sensing,
great success has been achieved in
remote sensing image analysis tasks
such as land-use and land-cover
classification and target detection.[4]
Solution Of
Land use/land
cover change 01 LIFE ON LAND

(LULCC)

#1 Study Case
Utilizing SVM
machine
learning, a
case study was
undertaken in
Pakistan.

[1] Aqil Tariq, Yan Jiango, Qingting Li,

Jianwei Gao, Linlin Lu, Walid Soufan,
Khalid F. Almutairi, Muhammad Habib-
ur-Rahman, Modelling, mapping and
monitoring of forest cover changes,
using support vector machine, kernel
logistic regression and naive bayes
tree models with optical remote
sensing data, 9 (2023), Land use/cover maps of (a) 1990, (b) 2000, (c) 2010, (d) 2013, (e) 2014,
https://www.sciencedirect.com/scienc
e/article/pii/S240584402300419X (f) 2015, (g) 2016, (h) 2017) [1]
Solution Of
Land use/land
cover change 01 LIFE ON LAND

(LULCC)

Change detection map from (a) 1990–2000, (b) 2000–2010,

(c) 2010–2017, (d) 1990–2017 and (e) 2013–2017.[1]
TIK1012 - ENGLISH LIFE ON LAND
Solution Of
Land use/land
cover change 01 LIFE ON LAND

(LULCC)

#2 Study Case
Using digital
imagery and
Landsat 7 and 8,
a case study was
carried out in
South Sulawesi.

[2] Zubair Saing, Herry Djainal, Saiful

Deni, Land use balance determination
using satellite imagery and geographic
information system: case study in South
Sulawesi Province, Indonesia, 12 (2021) 1, Supervised classification: A) image Landsat 7 ETM+ June 2005, B)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science
/article/pii/S1674984721000045#sec2 image Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS March 2019. [2]
TIK1012 - ENGLISH LIFE ON LAND

[2] Zubair Saing, Herry Djainal, Saiful Deni, Land use balance determination using satellite imagery and geographic information system:
case study in South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia, 12 (2021) 1,
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674984721000045#sec2
Solution Of
Deforestation 02 LIFE ON LAND

a technique for calculating The dataset is

split into subsets for training, validation, and
testing using triple cross-validation, and
2D-
model parameters are determined using
CNN
Bayesian optimization. These six model
approaches are 2D-CNN, LSTM, CNN-LSTM,
3D-CNN, ConvLSTM, dan CNN-MHSA
CNN-
MHSA

LSTM

CNN-
LSTM

Conv
LSTM
3D-
CNN
Solution Of
Deforestation 02 LIFE ON LAND

Motives behind
using the methods :

A robust deforestation monitoring system can

also support more informative and effective land-
use policies and measures (UNFCCC, 2018) by
monitoring what land-use activities drive
deforestation. These land-use activities, i.e.,
proximate or direct drivers of deforestation, can
be assessed using Earth Observation
Technologies (EOT) to help provide spatially
explicit and temporal information on land-use[3]
Solution Of
Deforestation 02 LIFE ON LAND

A pan-tropical case study

using Landsat time series

Spatial heterogeneity of small-scale

cropland land-use pattern within and
between countries of (a) Ethiopia, (b)
Indonesia and (c) the Democratic
Republic of Congo - DRC, respectively.
The heterogeneity is observed as both
intra-variability (e.g., diverse patterns
of small-scale agriculture within the
country) and the inter-variability
(e.g., diverse patterns of small scale
agriculture between the countries or
regions). Example imagery retrieved
from Google Earth Engine.
Solution Of
Deforestation 02 LIFE ON LAND

F1-scores of FLU classification (in percentages) for deep learning methods for continental and pan-tropical models for (a)
Latin America, (b) Africa, (c) Asia, and (d) pan-tropics, respectively. LSCP stands for large-scale cropland, SSCP for small-
scale cropland, and Other LWTC for other land with tree cover. In brackets are the percentages of each FLU class present
on each continent. The error bars are the standard deviation on F1-scores.
TIK1012 - ENGLISH LIFE ON LAND

Dominant follow-up land-use for

each sample location for
prediction and reference FLU
dataset for (a) continental
models (CNN-LSTM), and (b)
pan-tropical model (CNN-LSTM).
Each circle represents the
dominant FLU for a sample
location, with the left half of the
circle showing the predicted
dominant FLU and the right half
showing the reference dominant
FLU. Best viewed in the digital
version and by zooming in.
Solution Of
Degradation 03 LIFE ON LAND

The method used for this

problem is to use Land
Suitability Assessment
(LSA) and Geographic
Object-Based Image
Analysis (GEOBIA)
methodologies to
understand and organize
remote sensing data
spatially.
Solution Of
Degradation 03 LIFE ON LAND

Motives behind
using the methods :
The influencing factors of land degradation-development (LDD) can
be divided into two categories; human disturbance and natural
conditions. Natural conditions such as precipitation and effective
accumulated temperature play a fundamental role in LDD, as the
prevailing wind direction and the increase of effective accumulated
temperature contribute to vegetation growth. Moreover,
anthropogenic factors such as population growth, economic growth,
agricultural reclamation, and ecological engineering are also
fundamental driving forces of LDD.
Solution Of
Degradation 03 LIFE ON LAND

Mapping units resulted

from the three
delineation procedures

CSMU – maps based on GEOBIA – maps based on the GmU – maps based on the
conventional soil map units units delineated semi- units delineated using
automatically using the geomorphons.
GEOBIA technique
TIK1012 - ENGLISH LIFE ON LAND

External heterogeneity of the mapping units. CSMU – maps based on conventional soil map units;
GEOBIA – maps based on the units delineated semi-automatically using the GEOBIA technique;
GmU – maps based on the units delineated using geomorphons.
TIK1012 - ENGLISH LIFE ON LAND

Maps of LSA for crops/fruit

trees/land-use. CSMU –
maps based on
conventional soil map units;
GEOBIA – maps based on the
units delineated semi-
automatically using the
GEOBIA technique; GmU –
maps based on the units
delineated using
geomorphons; Pixel – maps
realized using the pixel-
based approach.
TIK1012 - ENGLISH LIFE ON LAND

Impact on 3 aspects: economic, social and political.

References
[1] Aqil Tariq, Yan Jiango, Qingting Li, Jianwei Gao, Linlin Lu, Walid Soufan, Khalid F.
Almutairi, Muhammad Habib-ur-Rahman, Modelling, mapping and monitoring of
forest cover changes, using support vector machine, kernel logistic regression and
naive bayes tree models with optical remote sensing data, 9 (2023),
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S240584402300419X
[2] Zubair Saing, Herry Djainal, Saiful Deni, Land use balance determination using
satellite imagery and geographic information system: case study in South Sulawesi
Province, Indonesia, 12 (2021) 1,
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674984721000045#sec2
[3] Robert N. Masolele, Veronique De Sy, Martin Herold, Diego Marcos, Jan
Verbesselt, Fabian Gieseke, Adugna G. Mullissa, Christopher Martius, Spatial and
temporal deep learning methods for deriving land-use following deforestation: A
pan-tropical case study using Landsat time series
, 284 (2021) 3-9,
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0034425721003205#s0105
[4]Jiayi Li, Ben Zhang, Xin Huang, A hierarchical category structure based
convolutional recurrent neural network (HCS-ConvRNN) for Land-Cover
classification using de nse MODIS Time-Series data, 108 (2022) 2,
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0303243422000708#s0040
[5] Andrei Dornik, Marinela Adriana Cheţan, Lucian Drăguţ, Andrei Iliuţă, Daniel
Dorin Dicu, Importance of the mapping unit on the land suitability assessment for
agriculture, 201 (2022) 7-9,
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168169922006160#s0065