Eng. Omar Elsafty Eng.

Mostafa Elkomy

Chapter 5 P1 MS
1
Last_order_received [1]
Food_type [1]
Re-order [1]
Packs_in_stock [1]

It’s crucial to write down the field names exactly as stated in the question

2 (a) (i) Air conditioning (Y/N) [1]

(ii) Two from:

− The field only contains Y or N (Two possibilities)
− It saves time entering the data
− It reduces errors while inputting the data
− It’s easier to validate
− It saves storage space for the files
[2]

(b) (i) Number sold [1]

(ii) One from:

− Might need to calculate total of all cars sold
− Easier to validate
− Might need to produce a graph
− Can easily find best selling make
[2]

3
(a) Year_joined: Numeric Integer [1]

Gender: Boolean [1]

Date_of_birth: Date // Date/Time [1]

Cost_of_membership: Numeric Currency [1]

(b) Two from:

The field would not be used for calculations
There is a leading zero in the data
Text fields take up less space than numeric fields [2]

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Eng. Omar Elsafty Eng. Mostafa Elkomy

4
(a) 4 [1]

(b) 5 [1]

(c) Relational Database [1]

(d) Two from:

− No duplication of data so less data entry
− Saves time when entering data
− Less errors are produced
− Saves storage space
− Easier to add/modify/delete data
− Complex reports can be created
− Complex queries can be carried out
− Better security as some tables can be made confidential
− Less inconsistency of data [2]

(e) Code [1]

(f) Book Borrowed [1]

(g) Cost [1]

(h) Date [1]

5
Numeric Integer [1]
Numeric Real/Decimal [1]
Boolean/Logic [1]
Alphanumeric/Text [1]

5
(a) Book_ID [1]
(b) Borrower_ID [1]
(c) one-to many [1]

(d) Numeric Currency [1]

Alphanumeric/Text [1]
Alphanumeric/Text [1]
Date // Date/Time [1]

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Eng. Omar Elsafty Eng. Mostafa Elkomy

6
Boolean [1]
Alphanumeric/Text [1]
Numeric Integer [1]

7
(a) Three from:
− Contains more than one table
− Tables are linked
− It uses relationships
− Removes redundancy of data
− Saves storage space [3]

(b) Four from:

− Primary key holds unique data
− Primary key identifies the record
− Primary key can be automatically indexed
− Each table has one primary key whereas a table can contain a number of foreign keys
− Foreign key is used to link with the primary key of another table [4]

8 Six from:
Advantages of relational databases
− No duplication of data so less data entry
− Saves time when entering data (due to less data entry)
− Less errors are produced (due to less data entry)
− Saves storage space as (data is only stored once)
− Easier to add/modify/delete data
− Complex reports can be created
− Complex queries can be carried out
− Better security as some tables can be made confidential
− Less inconsistency of data
− More ability to cater for future requirements / expansion

Disadvantages of relational databases

− Takes more time to set up
− More complex than relational databases as more tables are used
− More complex to understand
− Sorting/Filtering of data is more complex
− Slower extraction of data
− Needs more processing power for complex queries
− Needs specialist personnel to setup the database [6]

You have to mention both advantages and disadvantages of relational database to get the full
mark

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Eng. Omar Elsafty Eng. Mostafa Elkomy
9 Eight from:
Similarities
− Both use a primary key
− Both can create searches/reports
− Both store data in records and fields in the table
− Both use indexes

Differences
− Flat file database is a plain text file
− Flat file is a simple structure
− Flat file uses one table
− Relational database has linked tables/relationships
− Relational database allows searches/reports to be created over multiple tables
− Relational database allows cross referencing between tables
− Relational database records are easier to add
− Relational databases are more powerful
− Relational database reduces duplicate data
− Relational database uses foreign keys
[8]
To gain full marks there must be correct answers for both similarities and differences

10 One reason from:

− The data is in a list
− There is only a small amount of data
− A single table is to be used
[1]
One mark for example:
Example of a list such as name, address/CSV files
[1]
11 Four from:
- Open database
- Create new table of pupil data
- Create new table of examination data
- Select primary and foreign keys
- Link the two database tables using a primary/foreign key...
- ...and a foreign/primary key
- Set up the relationship
- Import the data for the pupils from the pupil records
- moor the data from the examinations from the examination boards
[4]

12
Length check [1]
Range check [1]
Type check [1]
Format check [1]

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Eng. Omar Elsafty Eng. Mostafa Elkomy

13 (a)
Examination_ID: Alphanumeric/Text [1]
Name_of_subject: Alphanumeric/Text [1]
Examination_level: Boolean/Logic [1]
Date_of_exam: Date // Date/Time [1]

(b) One mark for name of suitable check and One mark for description of suitable check

Examination_ID
Length check
The data must be exactly 6 characters

OR

Format check
Must be in the form of 4 digits

Date_of_exam

Format check
Must be in the form 2 digits then slash then 2 digits then slash then 4 digits

OR
Length check
The data must be exactly 10 characters
[4]

14
ISBN : Check digit/length check/format check [1]
Year_published: Type check/length check [1]
Date_acquired: Format check/length check [1]

Answer must be different for each field

15 (a)
Checks the data entered/transferred/copied correctly
Matches the original document [2]

(b)

Check digit: Serial_number [1]

Length: Shelf_number [1]
Type: Number_in_stock//Name_of_supplier//Name_of_item [1]

(c) Serial_number [1]

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Eng. Omar Elsafty Eng. Mostafa Elkomy

16
(a) ISBN: Check digit/length check/format check/presence check [1]
Date_due_back: Format check/length check

(b) Book_ID [1]

(c) Borrower_ID [1]

(d) Two from:

− The field is not needed for calculation
− Number starts with a zero/+ symbol
− May include a space
[2]

17
(a) Two from:
Use a check digit Single digit calculated from other digits appended to these,
Computer carries out fresh calculation on digits and compares answer with original check
digit.
[2]
(b) Limit check/range check
Reorder_level <=100
He probably omitted/forgot the = sign
[2]
(c) Use a format check
Supplier_code should be 2 letters followed by 3 digits
[2]
(d) Barcode – text/alphanumeric
Supplier_code – text/alphanumeric
Contents – text/alphanumeric
Price – (number), currency
Reorder_level – (number), integer
Weight – (number), decimal
[6]

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Eng. Omar Elsafty Eng. Mostafa Elkomy
18
(a) Breed_of_cow Text/alphanumeric
Date_of_birth Date // Date/Time
Weight_of_cow Numeric: decimal/real
Average_milk_yield Numeric: decimal/real
Animal_passport_number Text/alphanumeric
[5]
(b) Animal_passport_number
[1]
(c) Matched pairs
Format check
The data is in the format 3 digits ‘/’ 4 digits
Or
Length check
Length of exactly 8 characters
[2]
19
(a) Medical_ID_number length check/check digit/type check/character check/range check
Blood type Lookup check
Date of birth Format check/range check/length check
Contact_telephone_number Length check/character check/format check
[4]
(b) Medical_ID_number
[1]

Answer must be different for each field

20
(a) Two from:
− Proofreading often involves reading through the document without referring to the original
source document.
− This is to check for errors in the typing/spelling/grammar.
− Verification involves reading through the document but referring to the original source
document.
− Verification can involve one person reading the document and a second one re-reading the
document.
− Proofreading does not involve two people keying in the same data for the computer to
compare the versions.
[2]
(b) Visual verification/Visual check
[1]

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Eng. Omar Elsafty Eng. Mostafa Elkomy
21

22 (a) One mark for method and one mark for description

Visual check [1]

One from:
- Data is compared visually with the source document by a user
- The user is asked to confirm that the data entered is same as original
- If user finds a difference, the data is re-entered [1]

Double data entry [1]

One from:
- Data is entered twice by the same person // by two different people
- A computer checks that both entries are equal
- If they are not equal, an error message requesting to re-enter the data is displayed
[1]

(b) Four from:

− Not all errors are found by either validation or verification separately
− Source document may contain errors
− Verification only checks that data is copied correctly
− Validation only checks if data is reasonable/sensible
− Allow any correct example e.g. the mark registered for a student is incorrect on the source
document and was copied
− Correct appropriate explanation of an example of a validation check; e.g. number of lates for
a student is 7 misread as a 1; in a range check of 1 – 10
[4]

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Eng. Omar Elsafty Eng. Mostafa Elkomy
23 Three from:
− Flat file database is a plain text file
− Flat file is a simple structure
− Flat file uses one table
− Relational database has linked tables/relationships
− Relational database allows searches/reports to be created over multiple tables
− Relational database allows cross referencing between tables
− Relational database records are easier to add
− Relational databases are more powerful
− Relational database reduces duplicate data
− Relational database uses foreign keys [3]

24 Max two marks, for each example:

Matched pairs

Type of book
Can use length/lookup check as only one letter is input for example E or H
Cannot use a type check as only one letter used

ISBN
Can use check digit as a way of checking that digits are not transposed
Cannot use a length check as they are different lengths

Date of purchase
Can use a format check as all dates are the same format.

Number of copies
Can use a range/limit check as the lowest number is 1
Can use a type check as only numbers are accepted

Name of book/Name of Book

Cannot use a length check as names can be any length Cannot use a type check as any
character can be used

Name of author
Cannot use a length check as names can be any length
[4]

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Eng. Omar Elsafty Eng. Mostafa Elkomy
25
(i) format check
must consist of one letter, three digits, space, three letters

(ii) range check

must be >=140 and <=180

OR

Type check
must be numeric integer [4]

26
(a) Member name Text/alphanumeric
Telephone number Text/alphanumeric
Expiry_date_of_membership Date // Date/Time
Membership fee amount Currency
[4]
(b)
Benefits
Max five from:
- Membership details can be searched / sorted very quickly
- ...useful if there are hundreds of members

- Membership details can be easily edited...

- ...by searching for a record then changing / adding / deleting

- The data in the database can be backed up easily...

- ..therefore preserving the records ..creating an archive of past members

- Far more secure than other methods...

- ...can be password protected

- Can be used as a source for mail merging...

- ..saves re-writing the database

- Re-writing the data each time it is used would cause errors

- Re-writing the data each time it is used could take a lot of time

Drawbacks
Max five from:
- Need IT skills
- Need to have to correct software
- Can take up a lot of storage space / memory in the computer
- The software could be expensive to buy
- Training on how to use the software. ..could be expensive for the club [6]

To gain full marks there must be correct answers for both benefits and drawbacks
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Eng. Omar Elsafty Eng. Mostafa Elkomy

27
(a) State = NOT ‘Extinct’ AND Country = ‘China’ AND Last_eruption < 1900

State = – 1 mark or State <> – 1 mark

NOT ‘Extinct’ – 1 mark or <> ‘Extinct’ – 1 mark
AND Country – 1 mark
= ‘China’ – 1 mark
AND Last_eruption – 1 mark
< 1900 – 1 mark [6]

(b) Tengchong
Wudalianchi [2]

(c) Wudalianchi [2]

28
(a) Product_ID [1]

(b) Product_ordered [1]

(c) 1231 [1]

(d) 1235
1236 [2]

29

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