1.

Identifying and prioritizing problems

2.Problem statement and analysis
 Identifying Problems (1)

What are the important problems? –

Identified by
Dialogue & discussion with boss/ colleagues.
Felt needs & working experience.
Magnitude/ severity of issues/ conditions.
Brainstorming/ NGT.
Leader; silence thinking of problems (not
solution); listing problems/ issues; discussion;
voting.
 Identifying Problems (2)

Which of these need research? – Ask

yourself:
Can the problem be solved by administrative
change? – eg. long waiting time.
Are there already solutions available can be
used? – eg. adult TPN
Is the problem due to lack of manpower and
resources?
Is there any data showing that it is not a
significant problem? – eg. Use of ACEI in CKD
 Prioritizing Problems (1)

Criteria of prioritization
Relevance/ urgency: size/ severity/ health/
social consequences.
Duplication.
Feasibility/ Applicability: Can you make a
change?
Cost-effectiveness: Too expensive?
Timeliness.
Ethics.
Political acceptability.
 Prioritizing Problems (2)

Pro Relevan Duplicatio Feasibli Applica Cost Timelin Ethics Politica Score
ble ce n ty bility effectiv ess l
ms eness accetab
ility
a

e
 Problem Statement

To put into words: why do you need to do

this study?
What & how bad was the problem identified?
Who is affected?
Where is the problem?
When does it happen?
How do you anticipate your study to help?
Rationale of study – to sell your idea.
 Problem Analysis(1)

To put into words: what exactly is the

problem?
Use a problem analysis method(e.g problem analysis chart/bubble
diagram,Ishikawa/fish bone chart,mind-mapping)to identify the
following.
1.What factors might contribute to or cause the
problem?
2.What are the relationships between the various
factors contributing to the problem?
3.If the scope of the study is limited only to a few
areas,justify and give reasons why
 PROBLEM ANALYSIS
No Education by
POOR ALLOCATION
Healthcare Not motivated
OF STAFF Poor
providers Inappropriate
compliance
length of stay
to CPG

POOR
INAPPROPRIATE
PATIENT CAREGIVERS
ASSESSMENT
KNOWLEDGE

Improper
Poor Family support discharge plan

PATIENT NOT POOR

COMPLIANCE MULTIDISCPLINARY
APPROACH
POOR STAFF
Medication KNOWLEDGE
Physio/ OT Pooor integration No
between multiple referral
No CME, Hands on disciplines system
courses No Self motivation
 Ishikawa Chart (Fishbone)
SYSTEM /
PROCEDURES
PEOPLE

THE PROBLEM

EQUIPMENTS /
FACILITIES POLICIES
 Problem Analysis(1)

The problem analysis chart will guide the direction

of the study.Make sure the brainstorming is
comprehensive:
You will use it to identify:
Scope of the study
Objective and
Variables(areas to be covered in the tools for data
collection)
THANK
YOU