Cc 3 zag parasGet ready! @ Before you read the passage, talk about these questions. 1 What are some of the job duties of a civil engineer? 2 What are some types of engineering used when working on projects? eading © Read the webpage. Then, mart the following statements as true (1) or false (F). 4 __ The structural engineering sector builds bridges and dams. 2 __ The engineering firm's designs are uniform and identical. 3 __ The structural engineering branch decreases theneed for maintenance. Vocabulary © Match the words or phrases (1-5) with the definitions (4-2 : Quality Civil Engineering 1 _. civilengineering nin eee 2 __ municipal engineering ‘Our municipal engineering sector bullds streets and __ structural engineering |) sidewalks. Each design is unique and practical. The small 4 __ geotechnical engineering ‘Components combine to create one-convenient system. & __ water resource engineering We also build: bridges and dams. The water resources A the design of structures meart®? )) engineering division does this work. Theirsinuctures contol the boast movernent of water efficiently. o iy the design of structures in 20 the design that incorporates ‘materials from the earth D the design of structures that Control the movement of W E. the designing and building physical structures og ‘e) The structural engineering branch analyzes structures that ‘¢) Support loads, It designs buildings that are strong and durable. As a result, they require minimaianaintenance. Our geotechnical engineering sector ‘selects building J, materials. It also decides whera to build « construction. Each Structure fits naturally into its surrounding environment. 4 :@ Read the sentence pairs. Choose which word best fits each blank. 1. construction / design ‘A The first step in engineering is creating the B The actual bull 9 of the structure is the 2. maintenance / environment A. The upkeep of structures is. B The surroundings of the structures is the @ @ Listen and read the webpage again. What work does an urban engineer do? Listening © G Listen to a conversation between an interviewer and a civil engineer. Check (/) the information that is mentioned during the interview. 1 Gi Work experience 2 Q Design examples 3 O Salary 4 O uob duties 5 O Length of time at job @ @ Listen again and complete the conversation. Interviewer: Good morning, Ms. Weller. Thank you for comingjin for an 4 today. Engineer: No problem. Thank you for seeing me. Interviewer: First, I'd like to know about your 2 in engineering. Engineer: Well, worked for a3. firm for five years. Interviewer: That's great. What did you work on specifically there? Engineer: | drafted 4. for buildings. Interviewer: How long did it take you to design each 5 a Engineer: It took about 6 for each one. Speaking © With a partner, act out the roles below based on Task 7. Then, switch roles. Cen ike to know about your experience Writing What di you work on there? How long did it take you to. ‘Student A: You are an interviewer for an ‘engineering firm. Talk to Student 8 about: * what experience he or she has «how long he or she worked for past employers * duties at his or her previous job Student B: You are a civil engineer. Talk to Student A about your past work experience. © Use the conversation from Task 8 to complete the interviewer's notes. i a Interview Questions for Engineering Firm Applicant What is the applicant's name? How many years of work experience does the applicant have? What type of work experience does the applicant have? 2Get ready! @ Bofore you read the passag ‘these questions, jalk about 1. Whatare some of the base units in the SI system? 2 How are base units and derived units different? ‘UR re i or et Me EP inten ‘The International System of Units (SI units) is used in Cee Res eay Witenes) Whatisibeina measured second ampere electric current kelvin thermodynamic temperature candela luminous intensity mole | amount of substance In addition, there are numerous derived units, Dev ee ae emer mne examples of derived units: Unitname Whatlis being measured square meter | area cubic meter | volume the words or phrases (1-5) with the joule ‘energy, work, or quantity of heat ions (A-E). — amount 4 _ mole — ampere 5 _ watt ; 2 = 3. base unit Rea A 4 unit that is equal to the number of atoms in 1 grams of carbon-12 B a unit that measures electrical power © Read the textbook excerpt. Then, mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F). 1 __ Most countries in the world use St units © aunitthat measures electricity 2 __ Temperature and time are base units. D_ aunt of measurement from which all other unit 3 _ Derived units are formed by dividing or are obtained muttiplying base ones. E a quantity of something 16—_———_————-. — _—_ Fill in the blanks with the correct words or phrases from the word bank, wo rid eams current derived unit joules kelvin temperature 1 The civil engineer knew that the substance: melted when heated to a specific 2 The man measured the amount of energy used i 3 The electrical Passed around the circuit and the light bulb turned on. 4 The civil engineer multiplied the base units in order to calculate the. 5 The woman deciced to measure the temperature in rather than in Celsius. @ G@ Listen and read the textbook excerpt again, What are some examples of derived units? Listening @ @ Listen to a conversation between two. civil engineers. Choose the correct answers. nm 41 What is the purpose of the cont ersa ‘A. to compare systems of measurer B to learn how the new calculator wuts to explain the benefits of using Si unit D to determine tre actual size of the space 2. What will the man most likely do next? A write down the measurement in square feet B figure out the valume of the warehouse © calculate the number of square meters D. convert the measurements into SI units @ @ Listen again and complete the conversation, Ready to get the warehouse inspection 1. 2 oO Yes. How big is it? Engineer 1: Let's see... | have the area 2 39,000 scuare feet. Engineer 2: Don't forget that we need to have the ‘measurements in 3 Engineer 4; Oh, right. So, it needs to be square meters, then, and the volume needs to be4 _ Engineer 2: Yes. Do you want my 5. Engineer 1: If you don't mind. Oray, so it's 8,600 square meters, Engineer 2: All right. Calculate the volume, too. while 6. 5 Speaking ‘© With a partner, act out the roles below based on Task 7. Then, switch roles. Student A: You are an engineer. Tatk to Student B about © the inspection» the measurements © Slunits ‘Student B: You are also an engineer. Talk to ‘Student A about the facility's measurements. Writing @ Use the conversation from Task 8 to complete the engineer's inspection notes. Inspection Notes Structu Comments: The area of the facility . The measurements need . Therefore, to be in we converted the data into _ 1712 Get ready! @ Before you read the passage, talk Reading ‘© Read the survey. Then, choose the correct 41 | 5 Measurements el about these questions, 1 What are some different units of measurement for distance? 2 What information reeds to be included in a ‘survey of an undeveloped area? answers. 1 Which is true about the area's location? A Itis located 5.6 miles from Highway 136. B tis located 4 kilometers from Highway 183. tis located 6.4 miles from Highway 183. D itis located 5.6 kilometers from Highway 136. 2 What is the area of each section of the plot? A 120 acres B 4,425.7 square yards © 48,400 square yerds D 1.2 hectares 3 Which information Is NOT included in the survey? ‘A the size of the land B the distance to the nearest city € the company whe owns the land D problem areas with the land I iwrcriat unis EB wereic unmrs Vocabulary © Match the words (1-6) with the definitions (A-F). 1 __ kilometer 3 _ yard & __ meter 2 hectare 4 _ area 6 __ distance ‘A measurement equal to 100 acres Ba metric unit of length that measures 100 centimeters ‘amount of space between two things the measurement of the extent of land or a surface "a metric unit of distance that measures 1,000 meters imperial unit of length that measures 3 feet ™moo——eo eS Se (@ Read the sentence pairs, Choose which word best fits each blank. 1 imperial / metric A The road was measured in miles per the system. B Many European countries use units, such as kilometers. 2 miles / acres A. The property has a total of fity B The office is about ten school. from the @ @ Listen and read the survey again. What is the one problem area with the land? stening © @ Liston to a conversation between an engineer and a client. Mark the following statements as true (1) or false (F). 1 __ The man uses the imperial eystem for measurements, 2 __ There are 120 acres of landoon the property. 3 __ The man asks for the measurement in meters. @ G@ Listen again and complete the conversation. FSS el Engineer: Mr. White, did you receive the c 1 of the site for the neve factory if Alma, Nebraska. yet” Yes, I did. | was hoping you cout the exact 2 of the tanc. ‘Sure. The entire plot is one hundired and twenty 3 . That’ five hundirect and eighty thousand, eight hundred square yards. 1m sorry, could you give me that se a ‘That's about four hundred and eighty-five thousand, six hundred and twenty-two 5 Oh, okay, Thanks. How far ist from the es 2 t's 5.6 kilometers or 8.5 rriles away. Okay and are there any problem areas with the plot? Client: Engineer: ‘tient: Engineer: Client: Engineer: Client: Just one. Excess rain has caused runoff Which has eroded the southeast comer. Engineer: Speaking © with a partner, act out the roles below based on Task 7. Then, switch roles. Did you receive the ...? Iwas hoping you could clarify the Ieee ceiiemns ‘Student A: You are an engineer. Talk to- Student B about ‘+ the size of the property in different measurements ‘+ the distance of the property from the highway ‘+ the problem areas of the property Student B: You are a client. Talk to Student A about measurements of the land in different units. Writing © Use the conversation from Task 8 to part of a survey. ‘Tistand plots located in ___—— itis a distance of from the nearest highway. isa di fe {t will be the site of —__—————* 13Pry ec) ‘One literiis the same a$ :264 gallons. ) esos : = There are 16 ounces in one pound © There are 4,000 grams in one kilogram. ae Get ready! @ Before you read the passage, talk about these questions. 1 Why is it important to know how to convert units of measurement? 2 What are some units for measuring weight? 14 m3 ca ini Fahrenheit Subsract 22 fromthe FahrenDel temperature. Multiply Divide by 9. Reading @ Read the conversion guide. Then, mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F). 4 __ A gallon is a unit of weight, 2 __ There are two steps to convert from Celsius to Fahrenheit 3 _ Apoundis a smaller unit of measurement than a gram.Vocabulary @ Fill in the blanks with the correct words: liter, Celsius, weight, kilogram, temperature, ounce, pound. 14 One is the same as sixteen ounces. 2 The ‘of that steel beamis five point five pounds. 3 Samantha only needs one: of the new chemical solution. 4 The of the water is 120 degrees Fahrenheit, 5 One is the samo as ore thousand grams. 6 The thermometer gives the temperature in 7 Al) isa unit of weight smaller than a pound, @ Read the sentence pairs. Choose which word best fits each blank. 1 Fahrenheit / gallon A. The supervisor prefers all temperatures in degrees B Please collect a one __ sample of the water. 2 gram /volume AA isa unit muc or than an ounce, B What is the of the sosation? @ @ Listen and read the conv sud you convert from degrees Feiss« cain. How ean s Celsius? Listening @ @ Listen to a conversation between two ot Check (v) the measurements that are mer: the conversation. 1 O pounds 2 O grams rs. during 3 kilograms 5 Qiitors 4 Tounces @ @ Listen again and complete the conversation. Engineer 1: Hi, John. Do you have the 4 ofthenew water treatment system from yesterday? Lot me see... yes, Ido. They're ight here, Great. 2 sediment did we remove? We collected a total of fifteen 3 bf sediment. Okay. Fifteen grams ... what is that in 4 2 ‘That's point five three ounces. ‘Are you sure that’s right? That 5. Yeah, 'm 6. Engineer 2: Engineer 1: Engineer 2: Engineer 1: Engineer 2: Engineer 1: Engineer 2: ‘sounds really low. . One ounce is the same as about twenty-eight point three grams. Speaking © With a partner, act out the roles below based on Task 7. Then, switch roles. ‘Do you have the results ...? We collected a total of ‘Are you sure that's right? Student A: You are an engineer. Talk to Student B about: ‘+ the measurements of a sample you collected + the weight of the sample in grams * the weight of the sample in ounces ‘Student B: You are an engineer. Talk to Student A about the conversion of measurements. © Use the conversation from Task 8 to fill in missing information in the engineers’ notes. The Sample is fFOM eneneenenenn Hew gh sconces nen OUNCES, 15Get ready! @ Before you read the passage, talk about these questions. 1 Why is urban planning important? 2 What are some resuits of urban sprawi? Stopping Urban Sprawi By Susan Siokdons “The region surrouncing Emerson City has seen ‘tremendous growth. Several large manufacturing companies moved irto the area. People looking ‘or employment flocked to the area. The rise in population created a need for housing. New Reading communities developed al around the cy In the rush to build new homes, urban planning ‘was ignored. The results were unchecked urban sprawl, Some of the effects of the sprawl are showing. Utility lines are straining to accommodate demand. Streets are not equipped to handle the increased traffic. @ Read the newspaper article. Then, choose the correct answers. 1. Whats the mainidea ofthe article? ‘A. the tecrniques engineers usein Urban planning Projections show that the population wil B why companies chase to move continue to expand. So, how does the city pian into aragion to stop urban sprawl before it gets worse? One ‘© the result of @ oily sot using way is by promoting the reconstruction of ben planning existing neighborhoods D why reconstruction is better than new construction 2 Which of the following is mentioned in the article? A. the effects of urban sprawi “1-7} with the definitions (A-G). 5 __ community 1 B the citys plan to counteract 2 _ proj 6 __ expand urban spravl 8 __reconsiruciion 7 __neighborhood © the reason urban planning was 4 —_-grawih not used D the citys new reguiations ‘Aa development or group of houses constructed in the same regarding construction vicinity a defined geographic or administrative area ‘the act of rebuilding a structure or group of structures: ‘2 group of people residing in the same region or neighborhood ‘an estimation of a future scenario based on the current trend the expansion of neighborhood or housing development ‘te plan and build additional buildings B 3 What caused the housing boom to é develop in Emersan City? 5 A economic growth : E B increase in population 5 F inexpensive housing safe neighborhoods s 20@ Read the sentence pairs. Choose which word or phrase best fits each blank, 1. growth / urban planning A Disorganized expansion can be prevented by B The city experienced continued throughout the decade. 2 urban sprawl / neighborhood A _____led to more air pollution and traffic problems. B Engineers predicted that the needed new utility ines. © @ Listen and read the newspaper article again. Why . should urban sprawl be prevented? Listening @ G@ Listen to a conversation between a civil engineer and a city manager. Mark the following statements as true (7) or false (F). 1 __ The man's projections include increased population. 2 __ The woman suggests using urban planning to avoid urban sprawl. 3 __ The man suggests regulations for new housing developments. @ G@ Listen again and complete the conversation. City Manager: So, what are your 1___for the growth? Well, the 2 is continuing to grow, That means housing needs to grow too. City Manager: Is that a bad thing? Engineer: Not ifit's done correctly with 3 City Manager: Ifit's not, then we might end up with 4 Engineer: And urban spraw! leads to increased 5 | more traffic, and higher utility demands. City Manager: So, how do we prevent it from happening? Engineer: First, we make requirements for new 6. c Speaking © With a partner, act out the roles below based on Task 7. Then, switch roles. What are your projections v for..? We might... ‘So how do we prevent ..? ‘Student A: You are a city ‘manager, Talk to Student B about: * what his or her projectons are + what the results of urban sprawl are * what needs to be done to prevent urban sprawl ‘Student B: You are a civil engineer. Talk to Student A about urban sprawl. Writing © Use the conversation from Task 8 to complete the civil engineer's notes. Projecti Outcomes: Prevention:bs] Large Numbers Get ready! Reading @ Before you read the passage, talk about @ Read the employee manual. Then, mark thy these questions. following statements a8 true (7) or falas 4) Whatis the rule for rounding numbers? 1 __ There are specific rules to be foto wed w working with big numbers, ~ 2 __ To raise to the third power, the base 2. How's scientific notation used? sh be followed by ‘squared a eens nau) 3 __ Numbers more than six digits in length —_ = require scientific notation erento Ecce Vocaivulat ee tae ry i ei i ‘To avoid rounding errors: Only round up if the 9 nee en or phrases (1-6) with the last significant figure is more than five. : Leading zeros and trailing zeros are jeft in 1 _ exponent 4 signiicant figure figures added to the database, For written reports, they are deleted, + For numbers with exponents, write the base integer. To raise to the second power, follow the base with ‘squared’. To raise to the third power, follow the integer with ‘cubed’ For large exponents, follow the base with 'te the nth power. + Use scientific notation if a number has more than six digits — integer 5 __ tothe nth power .— scientific notation 6 __ trailing zero. 2 8 A a digit that helps to show a number's precision Ba small superscript numer that indicates how many times @ number is muttiplied by itself ‘a number that is multipliad by that exponent D a zero that ocours in the decimal representation ofanumber ° m any natural number, including their negatives enc! zero. Ze ‘vn of easily expressing very large or smallRead the sentences and choose the correct words or phrases. 4. The civil engineer wanted to raise the number to the second power, so she cubed/sauared it 2. Asaresult of the rounding error/integer, the measurements, were inaccurate. : 1g. The number was multiplied by itself three times, meaning that it was cubed/trailing zero. 4. Jake remembered to include the nth power/leading zeros before the other numbers. @ @ Listen and read the employee manual again. What is the procedure for raising the power of an integer? Listening @ Listen to a conversation between an engineer. and an assistant. Choose the correct answers. 14. What is the conversation mostly about? A correctly typing up a report B the rules for scientific notation C how to read trailing zeros D reporting numbers to the engineer 2 What will the man most likely do next? ‘A. take out the leading zeros from the report B add six more digits to the figures in the report © use scientific notation in parts of the report D add inall the trailing zeros to the report @ G Listen again and complete the conversution. Engineer: Do you have those figures for the 1__ ready? Assistant: Yes, | 2. a report. Engineer: Great. Did you3____. the leading and trailing zeros? Assistant: | sure did _—for me to Engineer: Thanks, it makes ita4 —____— read that way. Assistant: | wasn't sure if I needed to use 5 some of the numbers, though. Engineer: Only ifthe numbers have more than six 6 Assistant: Oh. Give me a minute, and I'll fix them. on Speaking © With a partner, act out the roles below based on Task 7. Then, switch roles. sree essenke Do you have J wasn't sure if... Only if» Student A: You are an engineer. Talk to Student B about: © the figures = the report + therules fo" numbers ‘Student B: You are an assistant. Talk to Student 4 about the report. Writing @ Use the conversation from Task 8 to complete the assistant's notes. Meera Unsure Leading zeros — oo oe Trailing zeros — ee Scientific notation _____— a) 191 0 Land Use Planning Get ready! ‘@ Before you read the passage, talk about these questions. Reading ‘@ Read the webpage. Then, choose the correct answers, 1. What is the main idea of the webpage? environmental planni A to define the company’s development goals Wil vemcaene B to develop acompany’s target i a a to-explan «company’s strategic planning philosophy D to begin a PEST analysis 41 What are some considerations in 2. Which of the following is NOT a service provided by the company? ae ‘A full-service PEST analysis © strategic planning B. environmental planning D estate planning 3 What is the first service provided when a client contacts the company? ‘A asmart growth plan 1B aunique situation an initial consultation D aPEST analysis wwwiwalkersp.com/about-us ‘Walker Strategic Planning ~ Environmenta’ planning specialists Urban development experts. Consider Walker Strategic Planning for your engineering and planning needs. ur philosophy is based on smart growth. People in urban centers need to be close to facilities. At Walker Strategic Planring we believe in sustainable communities. The best strategic planning creates compact neighborhoods. We have experience in creating industrial, residential, or mixed neighborhoods. Every situation is unique. Every cient has specific development goals. We work with your company to develop target. Al proposals are based on PEST analyses created by our planners. Contact us for an initial consultation today! Welker Strategic Planning 1010 Middle Street Stillwater, Utah (200)555 6544 SSS nse)Vocabulary @ Match the words and phrases (1-6) with the definitions (A-F). 1 on o> vo — smart growth 4 __ proposal — industrial 5 _ situation _ target 6 __ residential outlines a possible route to obtain set targets Incorporates all factors contributing to a ‘company's current position region used mainly forhousing urban planning methods that concentrate on compact neighborhoods where all resources are accessible a region used mainly for manufacturing and production an aim or goal @Q Read the sentence pairs. Choose which worthor phrase best fits each blank. 1 PEST analysis / strategic planning A The company plans to hire a. expert. B_ Many market research factors are included in a environmental planning / sustainable A The manager focuses on development and protecting reso." B The natural and social factors are «! included in the repait © @ Listen and read the webpage again. What does the company consider important \ for sustainable communities? Listening oo isten to a conversation between two engineers. Mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F). 2 3 __ The man has not seen the new projects for this month, ‘The first assignment is for the urban planning center. _ The speakers will begin with a PEST analysis. @ @ Listen again and complete the conversation. Engineer 1: Ourfirst 1 isthe smart) growth proppsal Engineer 2: Yes, 2 the urban planning center, right? Engineer 1: Yes. Where 3 — ‘we should begin Engineer 2: | recommend starting with a 4__ Engineer 1: That § to me. Engineer 2: Great. Let's suggest that to the rest of 6 Speaking © With a partner, act out the roles below based on Task 7. Then, switch roles. Have you seen the Our first assignment is ... recommend starting with ... ‘Student A: You are a civil engineer. Talk to Student B about: [+ the new projects . + the first assignment where to begin Student B: You are a civil engineer. Talk to Student A about your recommendations for starting the project. Writing @© Use the conversation from Task 8 to complete the meeting agenda. Strategie Planning Inc. Meeting Date: First project: Recommended starting poi 23Cha City of Hoppington Hoppington completed @ four-step transportation forecastin, process this year. Mode choice - Determine what modes of transportation will be used, Route assignment - Select routes to benefit the target population. o Study results show that walkable routes are most effective. Thi ‘commuter rail is running successfully as well. Rapid transit received mixed results. Inner-city residents rely on thx ‘subway trains. Distant routes serve fewer people. ‘Trip generation — Pr ‘number of trips along ‘Trip distribution ~ Develop a table showing trips between points, y, bike tanes and increasing th: @ Before you read the passage, ~ talk about these questions. 4. What are some common ways to travel around a city? © Mateh the words or pi 2 What does a:trip distribution Bis ilaicet 4 __ mode choice 4 rapid transit — walkable 5 __ commuter rail bus 6 _ trip generation Reading @ Read the report. Then, ‘complete the table. 2 3 A train system that runs between a city center and suburban towns B allows the engineer to determine what means of transportation cr Teena el ‘willbe used on travel routes Transportation © a system that maves passengers through an urban area, amma [4 running frequently and at a high rate of speed D predicts the number of trips depaiting from or destined for —— . particular zones ainitactrecuerisy E a large vehicle that transfers passengers along a route for Decrease number ane F a place or distance that people are able to walk 24@ Read the sentences and choose the correct Speaking words or phrases. @ With a partner, act out the roles below 4 Susan presented a trip distribution/commuter based on Task 7. Then, switch roles. rail table, ENeaenns 2 Teocigctocacsea ica) — bike lane along Main Street. hed a chance te iS The engineers debelod route sasignnnartay What did you think about ..? commuter rails to manage traffic. You suggest adding ... 4 Jamal went downstairs to take the mode choice/subway t ‘Student A: You are a city planner. Tak to E ‘Student B about: 8 coe sai real we epee wnat + the engineer's report idents are most likely to use the i subway? : the engineer's suggestions the first big project Listening . . . ‘Student B: You are an engineer. Talk to Student A. 0 @ Listen to a conversation between a city about the transportation report. planner and an engineer. Mark the following statements as true (1) or false (F). 1 __‘The man has not read the transportation Writing report. 2 __ The man would like to add more bike lanes. 3. __ The woman suggests adding new bus services. 3 Use the conversation from Task 8 to complete the proposal. @ @ Listen again and complete the conversation. Gity Planner: Hi, Sarah. Ihad 4____ to read your report over the i weekend. Engineer: Great. What did you think about our 2 2 City Planner: | lke the idea of adding 3 a _.. That should be our first big project. > Engineer: That is my preference as well Proposed works: City Planner: You suggest adding 4 too. Engineer: Yes. More frequent buses along the Proposed changes to bus services: current routes. City Planner: | think that's something §_ — easly enough. Proposed changes to subway services: Reducing Engineer: Great. I'l have more details to share service to outlying subway routes in our 6 later. 25Construction Materials 1 [Guba r Rag Plywood and boards: Made from cherry wood, oak, or pine _ GoRerete PSaECISY Quick-drying mixtures, sand and cement mixtures, cement and gravel mixtures s: Red, White/Gray, Tanoun, Dark, Pink/Fose s Products: Windowpanes, 7 doors, shower kits, glass blocks for walls and panels. Zet ready! DD Before you read the passage, talk about these questions. 1 What are some common building materials? 2 What are some things that are created using building materials? 3eading Read the product listing. Then, mark the following statements as true (7) or false (F). 1 __ Insulation materials are made of rubber or aluminum. 2 __ Doors and showers can be made from glass, 3. __ Bricks come in single colors and mixed combinations. | Industrial Supplies and | Products: Metal shelves, ‘appliances, suspension cables oducts: Materials for commercial and residential construction Construction Materials Rubber tles, roof shingles, and insulation Heat insulation material, panel building materials s: for concrete and brick structures ions (A-F). — rebar 4 __ cinder block plastic 5 _ aluminum _ brick 6 __olass @ material made of cement and coal with @ rectangular shape and unfilled spaces bluish silver-white metal that reflects light east a rectangular building material made of harcenec clay a straight, slender, ridged stick made of steel the is placed in concrete a hard, clear material used to make objects such as windows or mirrors a lightweight, strong substance produced by & chemical process:@ Write a word that is similar in meaning to the underlined part. 1 Industrial tanks and pulleys are. often lined with elastic material. uae 2 The construction company ‘ordered its wood used for building from a company in ‘Oregon. _u_le 3. Many bridges, tunnels, and dams are made of cement and gravel. 4 Rail workers used iron and arbon building material to lay railyoad tracks, ae @ G@ Listen and read the product listing again. Where are rebars used? Listening @ @ Listen to a conversation between two civil engineers. Choose the correct answers. 1. What material does the owner want for the exterior af hote!? ‘A marble © brick B wood D concrete 2 Why did the woman suggest using concrete for the exterior? A. because it looks better than brick B because it takes less time to build with it © because itis less expensive than other materials D because it is more colorful than brick ‘@ G@ Listen again and complete the conversation. Engin 1: Let's go over the plans for the 1 Engineer 2: Suto. Lot's etart with the intorior. The elent wants C) ‘wood floars in the rooms, but in the lobby he wants 2 Engineer 1: Okay. What about the 3 4 Engineer 2: He wants 4._ because it looks better. Engineer 1: | thought he wanted to build quickly. Using brick. takes longer. Engineer 2: Yes, and | did suggest Buthe stil wants brick, Engineer 1: Then brickit is. Does he want ane color or ai 1 Engineer 2: He chose tan and brow Speaking © With a partner, act out the roles below based on Task 7. Then, switch roles. oneoets Sore Does he want ... or ...? [seen 'A: You are a cil engineer. Talk to Student B about plane for anew construction project for and exterior building materials sf building materials, \ou are a civil engineer. Talk to Student A about iding materials for a new construction project. Writing © Use the conversation from Task 8 to complete the notes on the plans for the new building project. Notes Date: Building Type: rxaor Design| |Ederior Desir]E a Construction Materials 2 Get ready! ro: Leonard Groen yu re Ss A O rmcrtagand Me Pecesee tek abou MURS Hs aes f Here are my recommendations on materials to be 1 What are same examples of transparent So For flooring, | suggest ceramic tile with a rough surface. | know ceramic tte is brittle. But if installed correctly, it will not crack easily. Marble tile is too ‘smooth. It can cause people ta slip if there are wet spots. Ue wonaprent eso te prt btwenine areas you mentioned. Opaque glass results in safety concerns. Airport security personnel will not have a clear view between areas. iring is a reliable and durable conductor for the sect ystom, Choose wring wi & plese Insulator, such as polyethylene. | also recommend ductile copper tubing for the water pipes. It is malleable enough to be shaped around any obstacles. Regards, 2 What materials are used to make electrical conductors and, insulators? "5 Read the email. Then, mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F). recommends smooth ceramic tis 2 __ Opaque less is difficult to see through. 3 _ The writer recommends. copper for the wiring and water pipes. Vocabulary @ Match the words (1-6) with the definitions (AF). -— bitte 4 _ rough — smooth 5 __ plastic — sonductor G __ insulator 1 2 3 ‘A being easily broken or damaged B being marked by bumps, ridges, or grooves © being continuously even D an object that separates and supports E an object that allows energy to move easily F Capable of being molded and reshaped without breakinn,Read the sentence pairs. Choose which word best fits each blank. 1 opaque/ ductile ‘A ____glass was installed in the office so workers had more privacy. B The metal tute was bent in several different places. 2 malleable / transparent A Glayisavery______ substance, B The wrapping made it easy to ‘see the writing on the box. @ @ Listen and read the email again. Why is copper wiring a good conductor? Listening @ G@ Listen to a conversation between a civil engineer and a contractor. Mark the following statements as true (1) or false (F). 1 _ The client wants to use copper wiring. 2 __ Aluminum conducts electricity better than copper. 3 __ Problems with electrical wires can be a fire hazard. @ @ Listen again and complete the conversation. Engineer: Hi, Leonard. How's the 1___ coming along? c Oh, its allright. Thanks for your 2 1 by the way. I hope they were useful Very, excent the client insists on using Contractor: Engineer: Contractor: 3 Engineer: Did you explain 4 Isa better conductor of electricity? Contractor: Yes. | evan told him aluminum wiring 5 ‘too easily compared to copper. I'd stress what a 6 =: it is, Also show him some pictures of melted aluminum wires. That's a good idea. I'l cive that a try. Engineer: Contractor: Speaking © witha partner, act out the roles below based on Task 7. Then, switch roles. The client insists on Vd stress ... That's @ good idea. ‘Student A: You are a civil engineer. Talk to ‘Student B about: + how his or her project is coming along + the problem with the owner + a solution to help convince the owner ‘Student B: You are a contractor. Talk to Student A about the project. Writing © Use the conversation from Task 8 to write an email to the civil engineer about what the client decided. | just wanted to let you know that your idea about __ Bi The cient decided to ‘Thanks again for the recommendation. t30 Reading @ Read the textbook excerpt. 19 Structural Engineering 1 The Elements of Structurd Get ready! @ Before you read the passage, _/ talk about these questions. y a 1 What are some elements ps mw atamlense? | oe * Arch - an archis shaped to support aload { = from above. : ‘+ Beam—a beam is alline element. Beams : are subject to both tension and compression. © Catenary - a catenary is made from cable, chain or fabric. It gets its strength from its shape. Column — a column is a line element. itis subject to compression and sometimes to bending, ‘= Plate - a plate is subject to bending. ‘© Shell - a shell is subject to compression. It gets its strength from its form. As the number of floors increases in a building, ‘so does pressure on the elements. © Match the words (1-6) with the definitions {A-F). 1 __catenary 4 plate element 5 __shell load 6 structure Then, mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F). a flat element that can carry bending in two directions 2 3 ‘A acurved element that gets its strength from its form B © something large that has been built from a number of parts, such as a bridge 1 __ Beams and columns are the D a U-shaped curve, made by a chain or cable th: ; tis supporte same type of element. at each end 4 i 2 __ Strength affects a catenary's E the amount of weight or pressure that something needs shape. support 3. __ Buildings with fewer stories put F an important, basi - basic Plast aaheaal ig Por Part of something bigger that cannot be broken into smaller partsEE Filln the blanks with oem Soa teens @ G Listen again and complete the conversation. bank. word arch architecture beams columns floors Engineer 1: So, what do youthink of the 1______g0 far? Engineer 2: It will look really nice onceit's2__ o Although, | do see something thatconcems me. Engineer 1: What is it? Engineer 2: | think one of the 3 | built in the wrong 1 The building has fity position, hich are accessed Engineer 1: That's not good. The 4. it supports could bby elevators or stairs. collapse. 2 The city’s. was Engineer 2: Maybe you need to 5. again? very modern with lots of metal | Engineer 1: | am definitely going to do that. I'm glad you and glass. 3. The celling was supported by horizontal, wooden | 6 tout. Engineer 2: No problem. I'd want someone to do the same for me, 4 There were several Speaking the frant of the house to support the porch. With a partner, act out the roles below based on Task 7. ‘Then, switch roles. 5 The curved \was able to support a lot of weight from above. of: ‘hing that concems me, © @ Listen and read the textbook excerpt again. What is an element? Stuclent A: You are a civil engineer. Talk to Student B about: Listening © the building + aproblem that you see @ G Listen to a conversation ee tant between two olvil engineers: * what he or she needs to do about it Choose the correct answers. 1 Whatiis the purpose of the ‘Stuclent B: You are a civil engineer. Talk to Student A about ‘conversation? the building. A toget the man’s opinion of the building Writing ze for the mistake re aos © Use the conversation from Task 8 to write a work report © to describe the building's regarding the problem. unique architecture D to explain wh the bulding is Work Report not finished! _ Engineer's Name: 2. What will the woman most likely: gins comet Building Address [A finish building the next column ; B repair the problems in the floor Notes on Construction: © look at the plans once more 1D tear down the existing columns _ one aReading @ Read the atticle. Then, choose the correc, answers. Get ready! @ Bofore you read the passage, talk about these questions. ee S cance asheaeang Naien 11 What is the purpose of the article? 1 axe some different engineeri 2 Which field sounds most interesting to you? Why? ‘A to compare fire and wind engineering B to outline potertial hazards to buildings © to explain how to build a strong structure © ‘to describe various engineering fields 2 Which of the following does NOT deal with a natural hazard? A wind engineerirg B fagade enginee'ing © fire engineering D earthquake engineering 3 What are fire engineers responsible for? A rprinkler systems building appearance: & heat toss D wind impact ‘Structural engineers are able to choose between a umber of specialized engineering fields. There at Several career options available. 's. Choose which ssl or phrase best fits each blank, 1 sprinkler system /heat loss A. The fagade engineer made the building moe efficient by reducing its a | The fre engineer checked to make sure th the_____ "was warkcing conc Fire Engineering deals with active and passive fire Protection. It includes anything from a building's Sprinkler system to fire exits. Earthquake engineering focuses on helping buildings withstand earthquakes, | Wind engineering looks at the impact of wind on large: 2 tower engineering / earthquake engineering structures. Wind may not seem lke a hazard, but it can ‘A The engineer wes interested in radio receplici cause damage. So he specialized in s Fagade engineering acidresses the front and exterior of B is especially important it ‘buildings. Factors to consider range from appearance Places with a lo: of seismic activity. ‘and durability to heat loss, a6 3 fire exits / hazards | Tower engineering rotates to radio towers and masts, A. Fire and wind are both potential | that engineers need to address. B The engineer made sure there were encugh____on each floor, in case of an emergency. Ba Cover ensineorng JO AIR WYFillin the blanks wit the word bank. ‘© With a partner, act out the (ifr a Tar eae canoe on Tanke: Then, switch roles. fagade engineering fire engineering windengineering withstand ESSEX oni 1 The skyscraper wasbuiltto____—_high winds. We have to... 2 The engineering student iked the idea of Gan you give me an example? since she was interested in weather impacts. What ese .2 the correct words or phrases from Speaking ————_____is particularly important in historic areas where the exterior appearance of buildings must be conserved. 4 Improvements in helped building occupants escape flames. company owner. Talk to Student B have about: * the height of the building + the lateral loads 4 © @ Listen and read the article again. What kind of factors * fire safety do facade engineers need to take into account? Student B: You are a civil engineer. Listening Talk to Student A about the iding, © @ Listen to a conversation between a constru:tion bulking company owner anda civil engineer, Mark th> 2 sing statements as true (1) or false (F). Writing 1 __The man is knowledgeable about lateral io: © Use the conversation from a; Task 8 to complete the civil 2 __ Earthquakes affect the lateral load of a buildin: 2 List. 3 __ The woman needs to plan out a fire sprinkler sys": tl engineer's To Do List. building, @ @ Listen again and complete the conversation. ‘Owner: My building is going to be the 1 in th city when it’s finished. Engineer: That's true, But having a building thgt tall creates i ' Owner: What do you moan? Engineer: We havatto take into account the effect of 3 Owner: Can you give me 4. 2 . Engineer: Examples of lateral loads are 5 __, or earthquake activity, Owner: Oh, okay. What else? mat We also need to plan 6 pas ~ By tro people can get out quickly from even the highest floors.