Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Submitted by:
1) Hamza Cabahug
2) Bernard Ansali
3) Rainer Estrellado
4) JohnPaul Cañete
5) Marc Louie Abisan
6) Ajerin Caning
7) Romuald Cruz
8) Rayver Agustin
Submitted to:
Ma’am Luced Joy Futalon Dela Peña
2
Proverbs
3. Health is wealth
Sayings
Riddles
1. A deep well that is full of chisels.
Translate: Isang balong malalim, punong-puno ng patalim.
Answer/Sagot: Mouth (Bibig)
2. Two black stones that reach far.
Translate: Dalawang batong maitim, malayo ang dinarating.
Answer/Sagot: Eyes (Mga mata)
3. Two wells, which you cannot turn to look at.
Translate: Dalawang balon, hindi malingon.
Answer/Sagot: Ears (Mga Tainga)
4. The captain took a bath without his belly getting wet.
Translate: Naligo ang kapitan, hindi nabasa ang tiyan.
Answer/Sagot: Canoe (Bangka)
5. My two boxes are opened without a sound.
Translate: Dalawa kong kahon, buksan walang ugong.
Answer/Sagot: Your eyes (Iyong mga mata)
6. Five coconut trees, one stands out.
Translate: Limang puno ng niyog, isa’y matayog.
Answer/Sagot: Fingers (Mga Daliri)
7. Which bird in this world flies yet suckles its young?
Translate: Aling ibon dito sa mundo ang lumilipad at sumususo ang anak?
Answer/Sagot: Fruit Bat (Kabag)
8. When I tugged on the vine, the monkeys went crazy.
Translate: Nang hatakin ko ang baging, nagkagulo ang mga matsing.
Answer/Sagot: Large bell (Kantana)
9. A princess full of eyes.
Translate: Isang prinsesa, punong-puno ng mata.
Answer/Sagot: Pineapple (Pinya)
10. What has to be broken before you can use it?
Translate: Ano ang dapat sirain bago mo ito magamit?
Answer/Sagot: Egg (Itlog)
5
Folk Songs
1. Leron Leron Sinta
Lyrics:
Leron, leron sinta, Buko ng papaya, Dala-dala'y buslo, Sisidlan ng sinta, Pagdating sa dulo'y
Nabali ang sanga Kapos kapalaran, Humanap ng iba.
Gumising ka, Neneng, Tayo'y manampalok, Dalhin mo ang buslong Sisidlan ng hinog.
Pagdating sa dulo'y Lalamba-lambayog, Kumapit ka, neneng, Baka ka mahulog.
Leron, leron sinta Buko ng papaya, Dala-dala'y buslo, Sisidlan ng sinta, Pagdating sa dulo'y
Nabali ang sanga Kapos kapalaran,
Ang ibigin ko'y Lalaking matapang, Ang baril nya'y pito, Ang sundang nya'y siyam Ang
sundang nya'y siyam Ang lalakarin nya'y Parte ng dinulang Isang pinggang pansit Ang
kanyang kalaban.
Leron, leron sinta Buko ng papaya, Dala-dala'y buslo, Sisidlan ng sinta, Pagdating sa dulo'y
Nabali ang sanga Kapos kapalaran, Humanap ng iba.
2. Bahay Kubo
Lyrics:
Bahay kubo, kahit munti Ang halaman doon ay sari-sari Singkamas at talong Sigarilyas at
mani Sitaw, bataw, patani
Kundol, patola, upo't kalabasa Labanos, mustasa Sibuyas, kamatis Bawang at luya Sa paligid
nito puno ng linga.
3. Paruparong Bukid
Lyrics:
Paruparong bukid na lilipad-lipad Sa gitna ng daan papagapagaspas Isang bara ang tapis
Isang dangkal ang manggas Ang sayang de kola Isang piyesa ang sayad
May payneta pa siya -- uy! May suklay pa mandin -- uy! Nagwas de-ohetes ang palalabasin
Haharap sa altar at mananalamin At saka lalakad na pakendeng-kendeng.
Continues..
6
4. Sitsiritsit
Lyrics:
Sitsiritsit, alibangbang Salaginto at salagubang Ang babae sa lansangan Kung gumiri'y
parang tandang
Santo Niño sa Pandakan Putoseko sa tindahan Kung ayaw mong magpautang Uubusin ka ng
langgam
5. Doon Po Sa Amin
Lyrics:
Doon po sa amin Sa bayan ng San Roque May nagkatuwaang apat na pulubi
Nagsayaw ang pilay, Nakinig ang bingi, Nanood ang bulag, Umawit ang pipi
Doon po sa amin...
6. Magtanim Ay Di Biro
Lyrics:
Magtanim ay di biro Maghapong nakayuko Di naman makatayo Di naman makaupo
Braso ko'y namamanhid Baywang ko'y nangangawit. Binti ko'y namimintig Sa pagkababad
sa tubig.
Sa umagang paggising Ang lahat iisipin Kung saan may patanim May masarap na pagkain.
Braso ko'y namamanhid Baywang ko'y nangangawit. Binti ko'y namimintig Sa pagkababad
sa tubig.
Halina, halina, mga kaliyag, Tayo'y magsipag-unat-unat. Magpanibago tayo ng lakas Para sa
araw ng bukas Para sa araw ng bukas!
Continues..
7
7. Tinikling
Lyrics:
Tayo irog ko magsayaw ng tinikling Tulad ng sayaw ng lolo't lola natin Ang mga padyak
kung di pagbubutihin Dalawang kawayan tayo'y iipitin.
At sa tinikling na labis na panganib Ang hindi maingat ay maiipit Nguni't mahak ko ganyan
din sa pagibig Ang hindi tapat ay maiipit.
8. Banahaw
Lyrics:
Ang huni ng ibon, aliw-iw ng batis Sa bundok Banahaw Ay inihahatid, ay inihahatid Nang
hanging amihan Kaya't yaring abang puso Sakbibi nang madlang lumbay Sa sandaling ito,
sa sandaling ito'y Naliligayahan.
Halina, irog ko at tayo'y magsayaw Sa kumpas ng tugtog, tayo ay sumabay Dini naman sa
lumang kudyapi Ikaw irog aking aawitan Sa saliw ng hanging palay-palay Sa bundok ng
Banahaw.
10. Sampaguita
Lyrics:
Sampaguita mutyang halaman Bulaklak na ubod ng yaman Ikaw lang ang siyang hinirang
Na sagisag nitong bayan.
At ang kulay mong binusilak Ay diwa ng aming pangarap Ang iyong bango't halimuyak Sa
tuwina ay aming nilalanghap.
Ang 'yong talulot na kay ganda Mga bubuyog nililigiran ka Kung sa dalagang sinisinta Araw
gabi'y laging sinasamba.
8
Folk Tales
Epics
1. Hudhud: Ifugao Epic
Aliguyon was a prominent member of the Ifugao tribe and he possessed the ability to
travel to faraway places without resting, eating or sleeping. He moved so fast that he could
catch any weapon thrown at him, and he was never defeated in battle. One of his duels was
against Pumbakhayon, a warrior from the tribe of Daligdigan. They fought nonstop for a
year and a half, rested a bit, then fought again for another year and a half. They eventually
realized that they were so evenly matched that no one would come out victorious. In the
end, Aliguyon ended up marrying Pumbakhayon‘s sister Bugan, and Pumbakhayon
married Aliguyon‘s sister Aginaya, thereby uniting the tribes of Gohandan and
Daligdigan.
2. Biag ni Lam-ang
Don Juan and his wife Namongan lived in Nalbuan, now part of La Union in the northern
part of the Philippines. They had a son named Lam-ang. Before Lam-ang was born, Don
Juan went to the mountains in order to punish a group of their Igorot enemies. While he
was away, his son Lam-ang was born. It took four people to help Namongan give birth. As
soon as the baby boy popped out, he spoke and asked that he be given the name Lam-ang.
He also chose his godparents and asked where his father was. After nine months of waiting
for his father to return, Lam-ang decided he would go look for him. Namongan thought
Lam-ang was up to the challenge but she was sad to let him go. During his exhausting
journey, he decided to rest for awhile. He fell asleep and had a dream about his father’s
head being stuck on a pole by the Igorot. Lam-ang was furious when he learned what had
happened to his father. He rushed to their village and killed them all, except for one whom
he let go so that he could tell other people about Lam-ang’s greatness. Upon returning to
Nalbuan in triumph, he was bathed by women in the Amburayan river. All the fish died
because of the dirt and odor from Lam-ang’s body. There was a young woman named Ines
Kannoyan whom Lam-ang wanted to woo. She lived in Calanutian and he brought along his
white rooster and gray dog to visit her. On the way, Lam-ang met his enemy Sumarang,
another suitor of Ines whom he fought and readily defeated. Lam-ang found the house of
Ines surrounded by many suitors all of whom were trying to catch her attention. He had
his rooster crow, which caused a nearby house to fall. This made Ines look out. He had his
dog bark and in an instant the fallen house rose up again. The girl’s parents witnessed this
and called for him. The rooster expressed the love of Lam-ang. The parents agreed to a
marriage with their daughter if Lam-ang would give them a dowry valued at double their
wealth. Lam-ang had no problem fulfilling this condition and he and Ines were married.
Continues...
10
It was a tradition to have a newly married man swim in the river for the rarang fish.
Unfortunately, Lam-ang dove straight into the mouth of the water monster Berkakan. Ines
had Marcos get his bones, which she covered with a piece of cloth. His rooster crowed and
his dog barked and slowly the bones started to move. Back alive, Lam-ang and his wife lived
happily ever after with his white rooster and gray dog.
Sulayman continued his journey. In Mount Bita, he saw far greater devastation than that in
Kabalalan and Matutum. Not a human being remained—all of them were either devoured
by the man-eating monsters or had fled for safety somewhere else. He looked around.
Suddenly the world became dark. He looked up and he saw a huge bird descending upon
him. He knew he was in danger. He took his sword and struck the attacking creature. The
bird fell dead, but its huge wings fell on Sulayman. This killed the Mantapuli hero.
Back in Mantapuli, Indarapatra kept watching the plant. And when he beheld the drooping
leaves of the growing tree, he knew that something had happened to his brother. With
heavy heart, Indarapatra prepared to go after Sulayman. He took his sword and magic belt.
Riding on the back of the wind, he headed for Kabalalan. However, he saw only the bones of
Kurita. He knew his brother had conquered the monster and had proceeded to other places.
Indarapatra’s next stop was in Matutum. He found in this place the bones of Tarabusaw, so
he continued his way. In Bita he saw a dead bird. He was about to leave the place when he
saw the severed wing of the bird at a distance. He went near and turned it upside. He saw
the bones of a dead man. He recognized the remains as those of Sulayman because of the
sword lying near the disintegrating limbs. Indarapatra cried with grief. He looked for vines
with which he could tie together the bones of his brother because he decided to bring these
back to Mantapuli. However, he saw a jar of water not far from him. He knew that the jar
came from the sky. So he reached for it and poured its content over the scattered bones of
Sulayman. Sulayman stood up, rubbed his eyes as though he had just awakened from a long
sleep. They embraced each other in joy. Sulayman went home to Mantapuli while
Indarapatra proceeded to Mount Gurayu. There he met the dreadful bird that had seven
heads. He conquered this monster with the use of his sword, juru pakal. Having vanquished
the monster, Indarapatra looked for the inhabitants of the place. He was about to give up,
after several days of futile search, when he saw a beautiful maiden near a spring. He walked
toward her. But the maiden suddenly disappeared. Disappointed Indarapatra sat down on a
big stone. Looking around, he saw at a distance a pot of uncooked rice and a big fire. Hard
pressed by hunger, he went near the fire. He sat over the fire and placed the pot on his
knees to cook the rice. As he was thus cooking, he heard persons talking. One was laughing
while the other was speaking in a hushed voice: “What a powerful man this stranger must
be. Look at him cook on his knees.” When Indarapatra looked back, he saw an old woman
staring at him. From this woman, Indarapatra learned about Sulayman’s encounters with
the monsters and how the people went into hiding. After a while, the old woman led
Indarapatra to the cave where the people had gathered. There the young man saw the
beautiful girl he met near the spring but who disappeared before he could talk to her.
Indarapatra related his adventures and that of his brother. He told the people to go back to
their homes because the monsters were all vanquished. The people rejoiced to hear the
news. They all went out and returned to their farms. The chief gave his daughter to
Indarapatra in marriage.
Continues...
12
4. Hinilawod
Si Kaptan ay bathala ng kalangitan at si Magwayen ay bathala naman ng karagatan. May
anak na lalaki si Kaptan na ang napangasawa’y anak ni Magwayen. Ang pangasawahan ay
nagkaanak ng apat: Likalibutan, Ladlaw, Libulan at Lisaga. Sinulsulan ni Lakalibutan sina
Ladlaw at Labulan na makiisa sa kanya na lusubin ang kalangitan upang siya ang maging
hari ng sanlibutan (universe). Walang pagsidlan ng galit si Kaptan kaya kanyang
pinagpupukol ng kulog ang magkapatid. Ang katawan ni Likalibutan ay nagkanluluray at
napatapon sa karagatan. Nang dumating ang ikaapat na kapatid siya’y kinatay at
pinagdalawang hati. Nagsisi si Kaptan sa kanyang ginawa. Muli niyang binuhay ang
kanyang mga apo. Si Ladlaw ay ginawang araw; si Libulan ay ginawang buwan; at sumibol
naman ang mga kahoy kay Likalibulan (sanlibutan). Ang unang hati ng katawan ni Lisaga
ay naging unang lalaki (Silalak) at ang huling hati ay naging unang babae (Sibabay).
5. The Ibalon
Bikol was a land of wide plains and fertile fields; anything planted in its soil yielded
bountiful harvests. The first man was Baltog, originally from Botavara and of the race
Lipod. His "linsa", or gabi plants, were the lushiest in the place, but were destroyed by a
great Tandayag boar. Furious, Baltog pursued the boar and killed it, not with a lance but by
breaking its jaws with his own strong arms. The supersized boar had jawbones as wide as
two arms extended, and tusks which measured about two-thirds longer than the handle of
his lance. He hung the gigantic jawbone on a talisay tree near his house in Tondol. All the
people who came from as far as Panicuason were struck by the monstrous size of the dead
boar. Soon after, Handiong came to Bikol and destroyed the wild creatures roaming the
land. In Ponong he slew, after a ten-month fight, the beasts with one eye and three throats,
winged sharks under the sea, wild carabaos, and man-eating crocodiles bigger than boats.
To the mountain Kulasi, he exiled the "sarimaw", and buried in Hantik all the serpents
whose voices rang like sirens. One elusive snake, however, he failed to subdue despite all
his effort. Known as Oriol, the snake was sometimes serpent sometimes woman. To
Handiong, Oriol was a challenge, for even if he would bind her a thousand times, she would
scoff mockingly at him and cleverly untie her knots. With sweet words she would entice
Handiong, who would search the forests for her. But she was seductive as well as deceitful.
She would thwart his labors and interfere with his battle, although there were occasions
when she helped fight and kill the animals infesting the place. In the fight with giant
crocodiles, which colored red the Bikol river, he emerged unhurt, while the apes of the
pongo and orangutan variety who had watched with horror, were finally driven to the
mountain Isarog. Having thus freed the land from wild beasts, he devoted himself to a
settled life. He exhorted his people to plant "linsa" and rice. He built the first boat ever to
ply the Bikol river; its rudder and sail were contributions of Guimantong, one of his men,
who also invented the plow, harrow, and roll, including the ganta and other measures, the
yoke, bolo and hoe. Hablon invented a weaving loom and bobbins.
Continues...
13
The native of Dinahon worked on the jar, claypot, stove, earthen bowl, and other household
utensils. Sural carved a Bikol syllabary out of a stone from Libong, and polished to shine by
Gapon. Handiong and his men built towns. The houses of varying sizes hung from the
branches of the "banasi" and kamagong trees. The reason was that it was only up in the
"moog", as the houses were called, that one could escape the heat and swarming insects
and wild animals. Laws were set to insure protection of life and honor, and accord equality
to all without distinction. With this, respect for rights of heritage and succession were
guaranteed, and slave and master kept to his own place. Suddenly, the great deluge caused
by tempests brought havoc and destruction to the growing civilization. The catastrophe
completely transformed the land. Three volcanoes, Hamtik, Kulasi, and Isarog, erupted
simultaneously, and caused a strip of land, now known as Pasacao, to rise from the sea.
Torn apart from the mainland was Malbogon, now an islet, where lived two witches named
Hilan and Lariong. The Inarihan river turned its course and overflowed to Ponong. In Bato,
a big mountain sank, and, in its place, up came a lake which supplied fish to all of Ibalon.
The Dagatnon tribe, from which had come the Dumagats from Cotmon, was wiped out as
the gulf of Calabagnan overflowed. Handiong had a close companion, the young warrior
Bantong. To him, Handiong entrusted the job of getting rid of Rabot, a fierce monster, who
was half-man and half-beast. How many of the people that came near his lair were turned
into stone by the beast? The plague of the land, he was also known as the great liar.
Smart Bantong first tried to find out about the monster’s habits. And he guessed right:
Rabot slept heavily all day long as he simply rolled over the ground. After watching him for
days, Bantong slew the monster in two parts and brought the corpse to Libmanan where
Handiong viewed the remains amidst the loud rejoicing of his people. But the sight of Rabot
shocked Handiong. For a long time, he remained stupefied. Why and what else happened is
not known as Cadugnung stops his narration and promises to talk about it next time.