Professional Documents
Culture Documents
All You Need To Speak English Correctly
All You Need To Speak English Correctly
by Den Snowell
Never be wrong
Build you skills
Sharpen your style
Book 1
Simple Tenses
• Adverbs – yellow.
• Comparison Of
Adjectives
yellow
• Question words – black.
black • Comparison Of
Adverbs
• Time markers – orange.
orange • Conditional 1
1. TO BE – Statements And General Questions
Simple Tenses
AFFIRMATIVE Past Pres. Future Name
Age Nationality Profession
Time
Ordinals Colors Occupation
I am
Location
He
She was in out
away back
It is here
there near far
Everybody will be at home at
school at work at Jone’s
Nobody at the hospital at
the airport at the station at the stop
in hospital in
Italy in London in prison
We on leave on
holiday on duty on strike
You were are on sick leave on
pension on vacation on a business trip
They
Appearance
handsome
short beautiful tall
NEGATIVE Past Pres. Future fat
slim slender thin
ugly
pretty bald pale
am
I Conditions
not
was born
new (to) sure sleepy
He young
old poor rich
not
She
is not won’t deaf
dumb pregnant blind
It
Everybody be divorced
(from) married (to) a bachelor single
strong
weak happy (with) famous (of)
healthy
ill/insane crazy (at) sick (with)
We hungry (for)
thirsty (for) angry (with) upset (with)
were are
You
not not very late (for)
tired (of) busy (with) free
They
too hot
cold lonely sad
rather worried
(about) exited (about) annoyed (with) scared (of)
somewhat disappointed
satisfied (with) nervous bored (with)
Past Pres. Future +QUESTION a bit drunk
lucky afraid (of) sober
quite mistaken
wrong right ready (for)
Am I in trouble
in power in love (with) in debt
in a hurry
in safety in despair in danger
he Positive
features
Was she
Is It well-bred
clever honest (with) modest
Will everybody polite (to)
generous kind (to) decent
be
nobody merry
cheerful witty frank
prudent
patient cultured calm
we sincere
sociable reliable brave
Were Are you careful
earnest enterprising wise
they educated
faithful (to) emotional proud (of)
Negative
features
Past Pres. Future -QUESTION
ill-bred
silly stupid rude (to)
Aren’t I frivolous
naughty lazy mean
fussy
greedy impudent sly
he jealous (of)
selfish tiresome boring
Wasn’t moody
nosy cross shy
she
Isn’t
It
Won’t
everybody be
in the
morning in 1999 now (then)
?
we
Weren’t Aren’t you in the
evening in winter at 6 o’clock
they in the
afternoon in October 2 days ago
in 2 hours
on October 15th next week
on Monday last year
2. TO HAVE – Statements And General Questions
Simple
Simple Tenses
Tenses
few little
POSITIVE Past Pres. Future
a few a little
both … and …
(too) many (too) much
I either … or …
We neither … nor …
have
You not only… but
also … any | enough
They
will
a / the much
had
many
He have
She
It has
Count Non-count
Singular Plural
Everybody
Nobody
a (n)+ friend +s work
enemy time
relative news
SIMPLE NEGATIVE
brother glory
no
(without a(n)) sister love
niece courage
nephew happiness
NEGATIVE Past Pres. Future
uncle progress
I
aunt experience
We don’t
family patience
You have
husband success
They
wife power
didn’t won’t
daughter strength
He have have
son freedom
She
fiancé money
doesn’t
fiancée fun
It
have
Everybody
lover joy
Nobody
kid pity
neighbor mercy
car shame
house currency
Past Pres. Future QUESTION
umbrella wine
I
book water
Do
ticket food
we
---------
idea fruit
you
Don’t
they
date milk
Did Will
-------- --------
he
have
thing
problem
? meat
fish
Didn’t Won’t
Does she
fault sugar
--------- it
asset salt
Doesn’t everybody
duty bread
nobody
right butter
debt coal
Actions or Conditions
doubt oil
a+ dance word nap
toothache answer cotton
rest meal shave
headache question wool
wonderful walk trip snack head
cold holiday wood
terrible smoke party break cold
impression cattle
good drink ball baby fever
illusion poultry
bad row feast day off cough
suggestion petrol
nice fight argue swim wedding
suit iron
quarrel dream run
honeymoon shirt
talk bath sleep cup of
tee hat
breakfast
chat shower wash cup of
coffee coat
lunch
skirt
Dinner
with (someone)
dress
3. TO DO – Statements And General Questions
Simple
Simple Tenses
Tenses
regular + ed
POSITIVEE Past Pres. Future
lose lost
say said it /
something spend spent ANYTHING
choose chose (- / ?)
pay paid
wear wore
some / more
money win won
give gave
sell sold
leave left
them
ticket ANYONE
in 1999 send sent
meet met
song (- / ?)
in winter sing sang
teach taught
go went SOMEWHERE
on Monday
run ran
build built me
now (then)
house sit sat
a /
another
Simple Tenses
1. TO BE. The most often used verb, has different forms for present and past
tenses.
• Nobody is / was …
We use contractors in Negative • We were not happy 2 days ago.
2. TO HAVE. The second most often used verb, can create simple negative sentences
with “no”.
We use it when we talk about what we have SINGULAR vs PLURAL
Use auxiliary verb “to do” (modal verb
or don’t have. Singular countable: add
article “a(n)” or “the”. “will” for future tense) to create
Plural countable: add ending
“s”. negative sentences and questions.
And in some cases it means actions (to have a
break = to make a break) or conditions (to + STATEMENTS (positive)
- STATEMENTS (negative)
have a headache = to feel pain in your head).
• He does not have much money.
• She has a friend.
Is used with countable (can be count) nouns • I had a lot of success.
• She won’t have many assets.
and uncountable (can’t be count) nouns. • She has few enemies.
• I don’t have any time.
• We will have too much
freedom. • I do not have fame.
QUANTITY
• She didn’t have any problems.
• They have too many ideas.
In positive sentences we use universal
• We didn’t have enough glory.
adjectives (a lot of, some, enough) to talk SIMPLE NEGATIVE
+ QUESTIONS (positive)
about quantity. And: Just add particle “no” after
the verb ”have”
- QUESTIONS (negative)
• much - for uncountable CONJUNCTIONS
Simple Tenses
< = >
< = >
I am lazy
aren’t I
He kind
he
was
wasn’t
She is pretty
isn’t she
It will be
won’t It
ugly
We
we
You were are very strong
weren’t aren’t you
They too generous
they
rather
somewhat frank
I am not a bit modest
am I
He quite
he
wasn’t mean
was
She isn’t
is she
It won’t be cheerful
will It
We weak
we
You weren’t aren’t greedy
were are you
They
they
?
< = >
< = >
(a) few (a)
little I
I
We (too) many (too)
much we
have
haven’t
You
you
will a (n)+ relative +s joy
they
They had
hadn’t won’t
have husband shame
He
he
She has son
courage hasn’t she
It enough illusion pity
it
some ticket power
I any duty
strength I
We don’t
we
suit water
have
You have
you
didn’t won’t fault wine
they
They
had will
have have
He
he
doesn’t
has she
She
have
it
It
?
< = >
< = >
I
I
We
we
. . .+ed ...
don’t
You regular irregular
V2 you
They will
they
or respect teach
taught didn’t won’t
...
He praise sell
sold he
V2
doesn’t
She . . . +s
she
answer tell
told it
It
dance feed fed
I marry eat ate
I
We don’t play wear
wore we
do
You ...
you
study sing
sang they
They didn’t won’t
did will
... ... divorce go
went
He
he
doesn’t
does she
She
...
it
It
5. Indirect General Questions
Simple Tenses
Simple Tenses
very silly
< = >
greedy
too
lazy
I am
rather
jealous (of)
somewhat
moody
He
a bit impudent
She was
quite selfish
It is
Everybody will be
Nobody
in love at school
in a hurry at work
We
in despair at home
You were are
in debt at Jon’s
They
in Paris on duty
in China on leave
in prison on pension
I
ask
(a) few
We
(a) little
< = >
You
(too) many (too) much
wonder
They
I
He We
a (n)+ house +s luck
have
She asks You
fault progress
If They
It
enough problem success
Everybody wonders will
whether had
have
some idea freedom
Nobody He
She
any thought sugar
It has
job love
Could you tell me
Do you know Everybody
choice work
Nobody
I’d like to know
I am wondering
a (n)+ break
walk drink quarrel
(with)
talk
party argue dream
breakfast
lunch dinner tea coffee
regular + ed
refuse divorce
< = >
treat respect
find found
swim swam
think thought
Grammar Templates’ Keys
Simple Tenses
Simple Tenses
Simple Tenses
enough
some
few
many any little much
Past Pres. Future
a (n)+ car
house +s money luck
I asset
fault time progress
do
we kid
problem power success
---------
you
don’t answer
question desire freedom
they
did will doubt
idea glory wine
-------- --------
have
he friend
enemy future bread
didn’t won’t thing
thought joy sugar
does she
--------- it debt
job hatred love
doesn’t everybody right
choice hope work
nobody
a (n)+ break
walk drink quarrel
(with)
talk
party argue dream
breakfast
lunch dinner tea coffee
was is will be
…+ed
…+s will …
?
/ v2
7. Special Questions – Part 2
Simple Tenses
Simple Tenses
old young hungry
wide long thirsty
Past Pres. Future
late poor merry
free new calm
am I
pretty rich kind
busy tired polite
he
silly clever careful was
she
How cold hot shy
is It
will everybody
exited
lucky
lonely
famous
sly
greedy
nobody be ?
drunk scared stupid
hungry sure silly
we
they
happy angry nosy
I
desire hope freedom work
we
do
you
they
What (kind of) did
will
he
have ?
+s
she
does it earn
car friend house enemy
spend
everybody
asset thing fault thought
waist
How many
nobody
answer debt problem job
buy
doubt right question choice
solve
build
be ? in the afternoon
relatives were are these
in 2 hours
children those
in 1999
in winter
in October
Past Pres. Future
on October 15th
car +s mine
on Monday
house was is his
now (then)
Which
room
things
will be
hers
yours
? at 6 o’clock
2 days ago
papers were are ours
next week
books theirs
last year
Grammar Templates’ Keys
Simple Tenses
Simple Tenses
6-7. SPECIAL QUESTIONS. A questions with question words at the beginning of the
General Questions.
TO BE TO HAVE
TO DO
• Why am I too lonely? • Why do they have a problem?
• Why do you learn English?
• Where is she now? • Where does she have a house?
• Why does he never earn enough
• When will they be on pension? • When will he have many friends?
money?
• What was cold? • When did she have much money?
• Where does he live?
• What is it? • When do you have free time?
• When did they meet you?
• How were they? • What did you have?
• When will I see you?
• How are you? • What does he have?
• What do you usually drink?
• Whom were you in prison with? • Whom did they have a break with?
• What did she often ask?
• Whom is she in love with? TO HAVE (-)
• How does she kiss?
TO BE (-)
• How do you treat your dog?
• Why didn’t we have lunch together?
• Why is he not wise? • When won’t she have much hatred?
TO DO (-)
• Why aren’t they on duty? • What won’t I have in my life?
• Why didn’t we travel much?
• When won’t she be wrong? • Whom doesn’t she have an argue with?
• Where doesn’t she dance?
Simple Tenses
very silly
< = >
greedy
where your car is
too
lazy
I am
rather
whose car it is
jealous (of)
somewhat moody
which car is yours* He
a bit impudent
She was
quite selfish
It is
Everybody
will be
Nobody
in love at school
in a hurry at work
We
in despair at home
You were are
in debt at Jon’s
They
in Paris on duty
who
in China on leave
what
in prison on pension
was is
will be
I
ask
We
You
(a) few (a) little
wonder < =
>
They
why
(too) many (too) much
He I
She asks where We
a (n)+ house +s luck
have
It You
fault progress
Everybody wonders when They
a (n)+
break walk drink quarrel
(with)
how much money he earns talk
party argue dream
regular + ed
treat respect
I
marry call (up)(on)
We
cure smile (at)
...
You always . . .+ed
envy look (at)
They never
He ...
usually
irregular V2
She
seldom V2
It . . . +s
teach taught
Everybody
learn learnt
Nobody
lose lost
drink drank
who
find found
…+ed
bring brought
…+s
will …
what / v2
think thought
Grammar Templates’ Keys
Simple Tenses
Simple Tenses
8. INDIRECT SPECIAL QUESTIONS. Just add question word instead of “if” or “whether”
in the Indirect General Questions
(Part 5).
TO BE TO HAVE
TO DO
• I wonder why he is on duty. • Everybody asks why she has much
luck. • They ask why you always drink much.
• They ask where she was 2 days ago. • We wonder where he had a house.
• We wonder where she met you last
• We ask when they were in prison. • She asks when you will have some
week.
• She asks what it is. progress.
• He asks when she lost money.
• Everybody wonders whom you are • They wonder what we will have
• She wonders how he dances.
jealous of. tomorrow.
• They wander whom I told the truth.
• Could you tell me why she is in despair. • I wonder whom he had a talk with.
• I wonder what you learn English for.
TO BE (-) • Do you know when she had a
problem. • Could you tell me when she bought a
TO HAVE (-)
car.
• He doesn’t ask when you will be in Paris.
• She asks why they are not rich. • We don’t wonder why they have many
TO DO (-)
• Could you tell me whom she was in love choices.
• She doesn’t wonder why he hates her.
with. • I’d like to know when she had a
• They ask when you didn’t miss a train.
husband.
• I am not wondering where they live.
• She asks why he doesn’t have
breakfast.
TO BE (Who, What) TO HAVE (Who, What)
TO DO (Who, What)
• They wonder who was at home last • I wonder who has too many doubts.
• He asks who will teach him English.
week. • He asks who had much money.
• They wonder who looked at us.
• He asks who is very impudent. • Could you tell me who will have
some • We ask who sleeps well.
• Do you know who will be quite silly. success.
• She ask who drinks a lot.
• She asks what is very hot. • She wonders what he has.
• I wonder what brings you here.
• They wonder what will be there. • They ask what you will have.
• She asks what bothers you.
TO BE (Where, Whose, Which) TO HAVE (How much/many)
TO DO (How much/many)
• Nobody wanders where your car is. • He wonders how much time she has.
• They ask how much money you waste.
• He asks where my parents are. • He asks how many friends they had.
• She wonders how many goods he sold.
• They wonder whose house it is. • We ask how much work they have.
• He asks how much freedom we deserve.
• He asks whose children they are. • She asks how many thoughts I will
have. • I wonder how many ideas you have.
• I wonder which clothes were hers.*
• She wonders which room will be theirs.*
Attention! Reported (Indirect) Special
Questions in the Past
There is no question mark at the end of the We need to change tense:
indirect question. • She said: “When Is he free?” - She
asked when he was free.
• They said: “Why does he like tea?”
- They wondered why he liked tea.
• He said:” When will you be happy?”
- He asked when you would be happy.
* no change in words order compared to
• He said: ”Who loves him?” – He
wondered who loved him.
Direct Special Questions (7)
9. Infinitive – Statements
Simple Tenses
Simple Tenses
< = >
am
I --------
was am not able
--------
right wrong
glad/sad
wasn’t is
married single
He will be happy
--------
ready funny
She -------- proud
isn’t
busy free
won’t be sorry
here there
were surprised
We are
new old
--------
You -------- (not) to
be sad merry
weren’t
They aren’t
in love at school
in a hurry at work
going
in despair at home
in debt at Jon’s
difficult
in Paris on duty
easy
in China on leave
was is will be
in prison on pension
simple
It -------- -------- --------
wasn’t isn’t won’t be possible
(un)real
nice
debt freedom
Simple Tenses
< = >
am
?
--------
Why am not
I
was aren’t
able
Where --------
glad/sad
wasn’t
right wrong
is will he
happy
When be
married single
-------- -------- she
proud
isn’t won’t
ready funny
What It
sorry busy free
in love at school
in a hurry at work
was is will be
in despair at home
Who -------- -------- --------
wasn’t isn’t won’t be
in debt at Jon’s
in Paris on duty
in prison on pension
was is will
difficult
-------- -------- -------- it
be
easy
wasn’t isn’t won’t
simple ?
possible
a (n) +s
car money
wish
enemy bread
Who had has will have
thought sugar
job love
?
do drink sell
< = >
like go speak pay
Simple Tenses
9-10. INFINITIVE. The infinitive names an action (to walk around) or state (to be
happy), but cannot show person,
number, or mood..
TO BE TO HAVE
TO DO
• I am able to be at home in 5 minutes. • I have a chance to be near you.
• They like to go to the cinema.
• She is very glad to be married. • She has a desire to have a lot
of success. • I want to come.
• You are happy to have a lot of assets. • They had a wish to have enough
ideas. • He agrees to have 2 kids.
• He was proud to have enough things. • We will have an opportunity to
have • We decided to refuse him.
• We were sorry to smoke here. some food.
• I will promise you to be ready.
• They will be surprised to look at me. • I had a chance to earn a lot of
money. • She failed to have a lot of love.
• Everybody is sad to have a fault. • We had an opportunity to travel
a lot. • They forgot to warn me.
TO BE (-) TO HAVE (-)
• I now how to work well.
Simple Tenses
?
+/- < = >
right wrong
I
married single
We
ready funny
. . .+ed ...
You
busy free
They will
here there
or
...
new old
He (not)
to be
She V2 . . . +s
sad merry
It
in love at school
in a hurry at work
in despair at home
in debt at Jon’s
would (not) like
in Paris on duty
in China on leave
in prison on pension
want
ask
expect me
?
invite us
promise
(a) few (a) little
remind you
enemy bread
thought sugar
< = > +/- ?
job love
I
do
we
--------
don’t you
?
did will they
-------- --------
do drink sell
didn’t won’t
go speak pay
does he
-------- she
come sing spend
doesn’t it
meet sleep lend
Simple Tenses
?
-------- --------
didn’t won’t
does he
-------- she
doesn’t it
. . .+ed
will
Who or . . . +s
...
V2
Grammar Templates’ Keys
Simple Tenses
Simple Tenses
11. COMPLEX OBJECT with Infinitive. It’s used when one object affects another (“He
asked her to come” – he affects her).
(+) (+?)
(special +?)
• I want you to be my friend. • Do you wait for him to
have a dance with? • Why do we want him to be at home?
• She expects him to have a lot of questions. • Does she promise them to
be polite? • Where does he ask you to wait for
• We advised her to study hard. • Did we allow each of them
to borrow him?
• She will offer him to be funny. bikes?
• When did they permit everybody to
• They told me to have some wine. • Will he offer her to come
later? have some freedom?
• She allows her kids to learn French. • Would you like me to help
you? • What will he expect us to say?
• She would like him to have a lot of glory. • Would he like everybody
to leave? • How does she teach him to be brave?
• They would like me to see the world. • Do you allow anyone to
talk to you? • Whom did they tell to meet me at the
(-)
station?
(-?)
• Why would he like nobody to smoke?
• They told me not to have much wine.
• She doesn’t allow her kids to learn French. • Don’t we expect her to
have lunch? (special -?)
• We don’t hire him to build a house. • Doesn’t she allow us to
drink? • Why don’t you need me to help?
• He didn’t need you to have success. • Didn’t everybody ask each
of us to respect • Where doesn’t he ask me to have too
• She permits him not to be merry. him?
many books?
• We wouldn’t like her to be single. • Won’t you remind them to
come in time? • When didn’t she permit you to kiss?
• I would like him not to have many doubts. • Wouldn’t you like me to
go with you? • How don’t you ask him to be there?
• Wouldn’t she like him to
dance? • Whom doesn’t she expect us to see?
Note:
• Who wants me to come?
Complex direct object is a combination of a direct object (noun or pronoun) with an
infinitive, • Who taught you to speak English?
participle, noun, or adjective.
• Who advised them to divorce?
Transitive verbs "expect, want, consider, find, hear, see, make" and some others
are often followed • Who will hire you to create TV
by a direct object and an infinitive. After "consider, find", the infinitive is
usually "to be", but it may advertising?
be omitted.
• Who would like them to have a
break?
After “let, make, have, see, watch notice, hear, feel", the infinitive is used
without "to“ – Zero
• Who wouldn’t like me to be right?
(Bare) Infinitive.
12. COMPLEX OBJECT with Zero Infinitive. Use Zero Infinitive (without “to”) after 9
verbs.
(+) (+?)
(special +?)
• I usually let him show the example. • Do you watch him shiver with
cold? • Why do you let her go?
• They made me cry. • Does he notice us listen to
the • Where does he see us jump over the fence?
• You helped us (to) stay alive. music?
• When did we hear him enter the room?
• She has him to run fast. • Did we hear him shout at
her? • What did you see him give us?
• We saw him enter the room. • Will she feel him breathe
hard? • How will he notice me go out?
• I will watch her climb the tree.
• Whom do you usually let him whisper?
• They noticed us shake the bottle. (-?)
(special -?)
• You hear him break the window.
• Don’t we see her quarrel
with • Why doesn’t he let us apologize?
• She feels me tremble.
friends?
• When didn’t anyone watch me kick the ass?
(-) • Doesn’t you often watch her
laugh • What didn’t they feel each of us tremble?
• I don’t let you apologize to him. at me?
• They don’t make him lie to her. • Didn’t they notice him shout
at his • Who makes me break the rules?
• He doesn’t help me (to) smile at her. wife?
• Who saw them dig a pit?
• They don’t have us laugh at you.
• Who noticed us argue?
• She didn’t see me argue with them.
• Who will hear her leave the car?
12. COMPLEX OBJECT with Participle 1. Use Participle 1 (verb +ing) after 5 verbs.
(+) (+?)
(special +?)
• I saw you dancing. • Did you see her dancing?
• Why did you see her dancing?
• She watched me jumping. • Will she watch me jumping?
• Where will she watch me jumping?
• They notice us shouting at kids. • Do they notice us shouting?
• When do they notice us shouting?
• We hear you breathing. • Does he hear us breathing?
• What does he hear us shouting?
• They feel her shivering with cold. • Did they feel her shivering?
• How did they feel her shivering?
(-) (-?)
(special -?)
• She didn’t see me drawing the picture. • Didn’t you see me laughing?
• Why didn’t you see me laughing?
• He doesn’t watch her falling down. • Doesn’t they watch him
walking? • Where doesn’t they watch him walking?
• They didn’t notice us crossing the street. • Didn’t they notice us
opening the door? • When didn’t they notice us falling?
• We won’t hear him crying. • Won’t we hear him arguing?
• She doesn’t feel him trembling. • Doesn’t she feel me
shivering?
13. There is / There are
Simple Tenses
Simple Tenses
a lot
of Non-count Nouns
plenty
of money information
time justice
enough
power advertising
some
desire alcohol
bread baggage
(a) little
butter dust
not much
mud air
a large amount of
blood clothing
water cooperation
(not any)
music electricity
< = >
peace energy
no
progress employment
There was is will be
hatred personnel
sand work
Count Nouns
job vegetable
< = >
problem enemy
(not any) singular
a (n)
was is
thing bed
There will be no
chair apple
were are
kid star +s
plural
bottle book
(a) few
holiday door
rug answer
not many
car question
a large number of
ticket window
friend impression
a lot
of
sofa drink
plenty
of
enough
some
?
desire hope freedom work
was is there
What (kind of)
will be
+s
were are
car friend house enemy
asset thing fault thought
How many answer debt problem job
doubt right question choice
Simple Tenses
13. THERE IS / THERE ARE. Ф special language construct for describing the existence
or location of objects
Non-Count Nouns Count Nouns - SINGULAR
Count Nouns - PLURAL
(+) (+)
(+)
• There is a lot of information in the • There is a problem in the
code. • There are a lot of enemies.
internet. • There was a chair in the
room. • There were few cars on the street.
• There is plenty of energy on the earth. • There will be a holiday
tomorrow. • There will be some holidays in
• There was enough air in the room. (-)
December.
• There was some power in his arms.
(-)
• There is no enemy here.
• There will be a little justice.
• There was no question.
• There are not many impressions.
• There will be not much music.
• There is not any
problem. • There were not enough things.
(-) • There was not any
window. • There won’t be many questions.
• There is no progress. • There will be not any
impression. • There are not any answers.
• There was no money. (?)
• There were no problems.
• There is not much mud on the street.
(?)
• Is there a bottle on the
shelf?
• There was not any work in the city.
• Was there an answer?
• Are there many tickets?
(?) • Will there be any star
in the sky? • Were there enough bottles?
• Is there much desire? • Isn’t there any apple?
• Will there be a few kids?
• Was there plenty of water? • Wasn’t there any book?
• Aren’t there many books?
• Will there be little progress? (special ?)
• Weren’t there plenty of vegetables?
(special ?) • Why is there no rug?
(special ?)
• Why is there much butter in the cake? • Why wasn’t there any door?
• Why are there few bottles?
• When was there any clothing?
• Why were there not many friends?
• How much money is there?
• How many answers were there?
• How much power was there?
• How many things are there?
• How much freedom is there?
• How many problems are there?
• How much hope will there be?
• How many houses will there be?
politics people
a painting bottles opposite the window
police
tactics
a wastebasket in front of the table
news clothes
mathematics grounds
some space chairs round the table
talks
physics
economics trousers
billiards goods
mechanics pincers
measles pliers
mumps scales
scissors
spectacles/glasses
the unemployed
14. Degrees of Comparison - Adjectives
Simple Tenses
Simple Tenses
them
I am him
was her
Past Pres. Future ?
he/she is will
(than)
Grammar Templates’ Keys
Simple Tenses
Simple Tenses
14. DEGREES OF COMPARISON - ADJECTIVES. Comparative and superlative forms of
adjectives.
syllables
Type 1A – add suffixes: Type 1B – add suffixes:
Type 2 – add:
Comparative degree: …+er Comparative degree: …+ier
Comparative degree: more …
Superlative degree: …+est Superlative degree: …+iest
Superlative degree: the most …
(comparative +) (comparative +)
(comparative +)
• She was younger. • I am angrier today than she
was • It is more important than my business.
• It was hotter yesterday. yesterday.
• He was more handsome than his
• She will be weaker than I (will). • He is busier than anyone
else. brother.
• This knife is sharper than that one. • They were happier 2 days ago.
• It will be more interesting.
• They are fatter than their sister. • It will be juicier in 3
weeks. • He is more upset today then he was
• She was richer than any of us. • She was either greedier or
crazier than I. yesterday.
(comparative -) • We will be both luckier and
busier than • We were more excited about your book.
you.
(comparative -)
• We are not taller than he (is).
• She is not cleverer than he (is). (comparative -)
• She is not more serious.
• It won’t be sweeter than honey. • She is not healthier than her
father. • I am not more famous than you (are).
• It is less wide. • We were not uglier than he
(was). • It is less expensive than that.
• We are less calm than you are. • He was not luckier than I am.
• It is less terrible.
• I am less strong today. • I am neither uglier nor
wittier than she. • She is not more wonderful than you.
(superlative +) • We were less lucky than you
are now. (superlative +)
• This river is the deepest and the longest. (superlative +)
• This artist is the most famous in the
• I am the oldest among us. • This box is the heaviest.
West.
• He was the richest among them. • It was the tastiest dish in
the restaurant. • She is the most important person.
• They were the greatest actors. • I am the craziest among us.
• He was the most serious boss.
(superlative -) • He is both the happiest and
the • She will be the most worried mother.
healthiest.
(superlative -)
• He is not the slowest runner.
• I am not the cleverest. (superlative -)
• He is not the most handsome man.
• Tesla model 3 wont be the cheapest car. • He is not the noisiest man.
• It was not the most interesting book.
• We were not the latest. • I am not the laziest among
then. • I am not the most careful driver.
• She was not the busiest.
• It is the least difficult task.
• We were not the prettiest.
• It will be the least expensive look.
(?) (?)
(?)
• Am I slimmer than he (is)? • Is she happier than we
are? • Are you more reliable?
• Was she shorter than I? • Was he lazier than I?
• Isn’t she more worried?
• Were they higher? • Will he be busier than
you? • Was he more famous?
• Will we be faster? • Are they messier than
anyone else? • Were they the most terrible?
• Aren’t I louder than everybody (is)? • Is he less lucky?
• Will we be the most handsome?
• Isn’t he quieter than we are? • Aren’t you the strongest?
• Is it the least possible chance?
• Isn’t it wetter? • Wasn’t she less happy?
• Am I less upset than you?
• Is it less green? • Will they be less noisy?
(special ?)
• Was she less sad? (special ?)
• Why is she more wonderful today?
(special ?) • Why is it heavier than stone?
• Why was he more attractive?
• Why is it fresher than that? • Why are you busier than your
friends? • Why will we be the most terrible
• Why are you fatter than we are? • Why were they the nosiest?
workers?
• When will you be louder? • Whom are you crazier?
• When will they be the most worried?
• Whom were you taller? • Whom am I luckier?
• When was it more convenient?
• Whom is she weaker? • Who will be angrier?
• Whom is she more interesting?
• Who is the coolest? • Who was the ugliest among us?
• Who is more lifeless?
• Who was bigger than you? • What is juicier: apple or
pear? • Who was the most careful?
• What is the dirtiest? • What will be the tastiest?
• What is more important?
• What is less dry? • Which apple is tastier?
• What was the most complicated?
• Which wine is less sweet? • Which man was the heaviest?
• Which book was more interesting?
• Which car is the cheapest? • Which dish will be the
cheapest? • Which car is the most expensive?
Note! Exceptions
Note!
Black knife less sharp than green = Green • She is better than I. She is
the best. the least expensive = the cheapest
knife is sharper than black. • It was worse. It was the
worst.
• This city is farther then you
think.
• We study further.
• He is elder son in the
family.
15. Degrees of Comparison - Adverbs
Simple Tenses
Simple Tenses
(than)
among us / them
exceptions
(spoken English)
2 slow – slower – (the) slowest
me any of us / them
slowly – more slowly – (the) most slowly
us anyone else
2 quick – quicker – (the) quickest
you (formal English)
quickly – more quickly – (the) most quickly
them
I/we/you/they do
Why
When
Whom
as much … as … as many … as …
< = >
much more … many more …
any of us /
them
anyone
else among us / them
had will
he/she has
Grammar Templates’ Keys
Simple Tenses
Simple Tenses
15. DEGREES OF COMPARISON - ADVERBS. Comparative and superlative forms of
adverbs.
syllables
Type 1A – add suffixes: Type 1B – add suffixes:
Type 2 – add:
Comparative degree: …+er Comparative degree: …+ier
Comparative degree: more …
Superlative degree: …+est Superlative degree: …+iest
Superlative degree: the most …
(comparative +) (comparative +)
(comparative +)
• He goes higher than she (does). • She usually comes earlier then I
(do). • I drink more seldom then you.
• I worked faster than you (do). • She walks easier.
• We study more properly.
• They speak English easier. (superlative +)
• She reads the book more carefully.
• I play longer than you.
(comparative -)
• He woke up (the) earli0est this
(comparative -) morning.
• He doesn’t live more happily then we.
• She doesn’t work harder than any of us. • It will be the easiest question.
• They didn’t drive more slowly.
• I won’t come earlier than any of them.
• They dove less carefully.
• He didn’t learn longer than I (do).
(superlative +)
(superlative +)
• She sings (the) most brightly among them.
• She eats (the) slowest among them.
• I drive (the) most quickly.
• I enjoyed (the) longest day in my life.
• We will win it (the) most simply.
Exceptions – comparative form Exceptions – superlative form
• She sings worse then he. • She sings (the) worst.
• I speak English better than you. • I speak English best of all.
• They live farther then their parents. • They live (the) farthest among
them.
• We will work further. • He will go (the) furthest.
• They drank less yesterday. • They drank least of all yesterday.
• We spent more money than you. • I earn (the) most among us.
(?) (?)
(?)
• Does she speak English better than I • Does she learn easier?
• Does he borrow money more often this
(do)? • Did he come earlier?
year?
• Do you study harder than she? (special ?)
• Do you drive more carefully than she
• Did we run faster?
(does)?
• Who works easier?
• Will he earn more than any of us?
• Did he dress more quickly?
• Why did they wake up earlier?
• Do you sing (the) best?
• Will we run (the) most slowly?
• When will you come the earliest?
• Does he eat most of all?
(special ?)
• Did they come (the) latest?
Simple Tenses
=
very
right wrong
am too
married single
I --------
ready funny
a bit
am not
busy free
quite
here there
is
He
new old
-------- right wrong
She
isn’t married single
be sad merry
ready late
in love at school
busy free
in a hurry at work
We are
in despair at home
You -------- here there
new old
in debt at Jon’s
They aren’t
sad merry
in Paris on duty
in China on leave
in prison on pension
I
he (won’t)
she
If , it will
we
you
When they
doubt luck
money -
enough friend progress
He has time
thing success
-------- power
some debt freedom
She
doesn’t
any idea wine
It desire
have
glory
enemy bread
future
thought sugar
work
job love
do drink sell
=
go speak pay
Simple Tenses
right wrong
married single
=
ready funny
very
am too
busy free
I --------
here there
a bit
am not
new old
quite
Why be sad merry
He
is
in love at school
-------- right wrong
What
She
in a hurry at work
isn’t married single
When in despair at home
ready late
in debt at Jon’s
We are busy free
Where
here there
in Paris on duty
You --------
How in China on leave
They aren’t new old
in prison on pension
sad merry
?
I
(a) few (a) little
a (n) house +s
he
she (too) many (too) much
fault
=
will it
we
+ a (n)
a lot of
car
+s
money , if
problem
idea
asset time
thought
you
I have
(won’t) they enough kid power when
We -------- job
some house desire
You don’t choice
even if
fault glory
They have
problem future as soon as
once
money
have question joy
time
doubt luck in case
has
- friend progress
He power
enough till
-------- desire
thing success
She
Who will until
doesn’t
some
It glory
debt freedom
have
any while
future
idea wine
unless
work
enemy bread
thought sugar
job love
do drink sell
go speak pay
=
come sing spend
meet sleep lend
see teach feed
I ...
eat learn read
live sell
We --------
leave lose write
You don’t study pay
He warn teach
love borrow cure
--------
She
hate travel envy
doesn’t
It
ask wait (for) look (at)
...
warn refuse laugh (at)
18. Conditional One – Other Cases
Simple Tenses
Simple Tenses
dance
live
cook
play
I I lie
happy angry
we don’t we look (at)
you walk
single nervous
you
busy upset
If they like(s) the way they kiss
sing
be free in trouble
he he
there in despair
doesn’t speak
she she teach +s
clever in danger
one one ran
merry sad
swim
sleep
feed
a serious job
good health
great fame
nice future
near
force
me
her
he +s you
offer
see happiness
him
she them
advise
hear love
us
one
tell
feel
buy you
do run
go draw
teach them
doesn’t come leave
pay
smile walk
warn
shout stay
prefer
breath argue
hire
cry laugh
fire
+ing
love
joy
luck
time
money
success
rain
freedom
snow
water
freeze
a lot of
snow
If it
melt +s will
, there (won’t)
be
plenty of ice
happen
enough thing
get dark
+s
doesn’t
some hope
get warmer
idea
get colder
dream
Grammar Templates’ Keys
Simple Tenses
Simple Tenses
16-18. CONDITIONAL 1. Real condition in future - it's used to talk about things
which might happen in the future.
(+/-) (+/-)
(+/-)
• If you are right, she will be very happy. • If I have a lot of money, I
will be happy. • If I sell a car, I won’t be in debt.
• If she is busy tomorrow, I will be at work • If he has a problem, he won’t
be at • If you eat well, you will be healthy.
• If you are single, you will have a lot of home.
• If you spend money, you won’t have a
free time. • If you have no time, you won’t
have bright future.
• If she is rich, she will have enough things. much freedom.
• If she earns a lot, she will have a lot of
• If we are in a hurry, we will work faster. • If they have some debts, they
will have a friends.
• Even if she is married, I will love her. lot of questions.
• If you live near, you will come earlier.
• When he is back, he will tell me about his • If I have enough progress in
English, I will • If they read more, they will speak better.
journey. work for Apple.
• If it rains tomorrow, I won’t come.
• Till you are here, I will go to the shop. • If she has a job, she will
invite us to the • When you come, I will feed you.
• Until we are not clever, we won’t earn party.
• As soon as she divorce him, we will get
much money. • Till you have no friends, you
won’t have married.
• Once everybody is happy, I will have success in life.
• Once they see hem, they will offer him a
success. • While you don’t have much
power, they job.
• Even if you are in trouble, she will love will teach you.
• In case you are ill, we will help you.
you. • Unless I have some wine, I
will be rather • Till she is away, I will take care of her
• Unless he is hungry, he will walk further. sober.
dog.
time.
No comma: No comma:
No comma:
• She will be happy if you are at home. • We will warn you if she has
problems. • I will come if you are in trouble.
• I will be there if she comes in time • I will hate her if she has
more lovers. • She will love him if he is rich.
(?) (?)
(?)
• Will you be sad, if she is not here? • Will you have enough courage,
when she • Will we travel a lot, while the weather is
• Will she be in love with me, if I am not is free?
good?
rich? • Will he have too much desire,
as soon as • Won’t she invite me, even if I am not
• Will they be ready, if they have no she enters the room?
very polite?
future? • Will they have some wine, in
case they • Will she refuse him, if he has no future?
• Will you be right, if we don’t have any meet friends?
• Will we play the piano, if they have a DJ?
questions? • Won’t you have much glory, in
case they • Will he wait for me, until I finish my
• Will she be in despair, if he wastes all hire you?
work?
money? • Won’t I have many enemies,
when I • Will we learn English, if we don’t go to
• Will you be lucky, if she promises you a start a new project?
the United States?
great love?
• Won’t I am glad, once she promises me
to be with me?
(special ?) (special ?)
(special ?)
• Who will be at home, when she comes? • Who will have a house, if it
is cold? • Who will be in China, when everybody is
• Who will be ready, when we are there? • Who will have many assets, if
there is no ill?
• Why will they be happy, if I am not right? money?
• Who will study well, if we have no
• What will you have, if you have a lot of • Who will have happiness, if
she doesn’t money?
time? smoke?
• How will you teach us, if you don’t know
• When will he look at me, if I am in the red • Why will I have a dog, if I
don’t like to English?
dress? walk?
• Where will you live, if you divorce him?
• Where will she be, if she has not any
• When will they work, as soon as we hire
desire?
them?
Other cases
• If you like the way she dances, she • If she let me be free, I will
prefer her to my wife. • If it rains, there will be a lot of water.
will be nervous. • If they don’t help her (to) have
a house, she will • If it snows, there won’t be enough
• If he likes the way I sing, I will refuse them.
joy.
have a great future. • If you want me to be rich, you
will advise me. • If it doesn’t frees, there won’t be
• If you don’t like the way he • If she asks him to have a kid, he
will force her to much ice.
speaks, we won’t buy his book. be healthy.
• If it happens, I will offer him to leave.
• If he doesn’t like the way she • If she sees me coming, they will
have an easy • If it gets colder, they will be cold.
looks at him, she won’t have a life.
• If it doesn’t get dark, we will go for a
serious job. • If I feel you crying, I will give
you a candy. walk.
• If she hears me laughing at her,
I will be in
danger.