A steering control system or commonly referred to as the ship’s steering

system, is a system that enables seafarers to control a vessel’s direction as it travels

on water.
The SCS is found on the bridge and serves as the control center that the
captain or helmsman operates.
Manual, autopilot, and dynamic positioning are the three steering modes
available onboard ships. Autopilot systems can be programmed to follow a
predetermined course using GPS and other navigational inputs, whereas dynamic
positioning systems assist in maintaining a vessel's position and heading in difficult
conditions, such as during offshore operations or while remaining stationary for
extended periods of time.
It is controlled through either manual or automatic operation. The reason for
having this is that in case of system failure or other emergencies, it will serve as a
backup. Manual steering includes a hand-operated steering wheel.
One of the primary mechanisms of the SCS is the rudder, which is located at
the stern. It is a large, flat, fin-like plate that works by altering the flow of water as
it changes its angle, allowing ships to turn.
The steering gear, on the other hand, is what enables the rudder to move by
applying force to the rudder stock. The force comes from hydraulic or electric
actuators.
Due to modern technology, steering systems often have sensors and
feedback mechanisms in order to monitor the position of the rudder and provide
information for the operator that is vital in maintaining a safe course as well as
enable them to respond to changing conditions.
All these should fit the international regulations and standards in order to
ensure the safety of the vessel at sea.
The steering control system cannot be the only system on which the seafarer
should rely. It should coordinate with other ship systems, including navigation,
communication, and safety systems, to further ensure the safety of the voyage.